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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 38.

Editorial Board
Source: Psychoneuroendocrinology - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Table of Contents
Abstract Effect of Parent Training with Meds for Autism Weakens Over Time Survey Suggests Some Psychiatrists Minimize Need for Cardiac Assessment Quetiapine for Schizophrenia in Teens ECT and Clozapine for Teens with Schizophrenia Evidence on Medication Treatment for Autism Lacking Akathisia and Suicidal Ideation in First‐Episode Schizophrenia Mechanisms of Stimulant/Nonstimulant Treatments for ADHD Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Venlafaxine, SSRIs, Untreated Maternal Depression Animal Study: Repeated Fluoxetine Administration and Aggression Atomoxetine May Improve ADHD Symptoms in Boys fMRIs Helping Create a Neuroscience of ADHD Approvals
Source: The Brown University Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology Update - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Carolinas HealthCare adds behavioral-health practice
Carolinas HealthCare System has opened a new behavioral-health practice in south Charlotte. Carolinas Psychiatry and Behavioral Wellness will provide adult patients with services including psychiatry, counseling for families and couples, group therapy and stress management. The office also will see patients suffering from depression, post-traumatic stress disorder, anxiety and other behavioral conditions. The center is staffed by board-certified psychiatrist Dr. Herbert Harman, psychologist Jeanette…
Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Pharmaceuticals headlines - November 21, 2012 Category: Pharmaceuticals Authors: Jennifer Thomas Source Type: research

Participatory action research: moving beyond the mental health ‘service user’ identity
Accessible summary • The pervasive impact of mental illness on identity is generally held as negative. Contemporary Models of involvement within statutory services pay little regard to the identity of individuals beyond the “service user” label and in doing so unwittingly perpetuate and sustain the negative impact of mental illness. • This aim of this paper is to discuss the process of working alongside people who use statutory mental health services as co‐researchers. It highlights the perspective of those involved as researchers on both the process and the impact of this type of involvement on them consider...
Source: Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing - November 21, 2012 Category: Nursing Authors: A. HUTCHINSON, A. LOVELL Source Type: research

Pharmacological examination of trifluoromethyl ring-substituted methcathinone analogs.
Abstract Cathinones are a class of drugs used to treat various medical conditions including depression, obesity, substance abuse, and muscle spasms. Some "designer" cathinones, such as methcathinone, mephedrone, and methylone, are used nonclinically for their stimulant or entactogenic properties. Given the recent rise in nonmedical use of designer cathinones, we aimed to improve understanding of cathinone pharmacology by investigating analogs of methcathinone with a CF(3) substituent at the 2-, 3-, or 4-position of the phenyl ring (TFMAPs). We compared the TFMAPs with methcathinone for effects on monoamine uptake t...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - November 21, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Cozzi NV, Brandt SD, Daley PF, Partilla JS, Rothman RB, Tulzer A, Sitte HH, Baumann MH Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

On schizophrenia as a “disease of humanity”
Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a debilitating neuropsychiatric syndrome of unknown etiology with a lifetime prevalence of 4–5 per 1000 (). Its evolutionary persistence, in spite of a marked reproductive disadvantage, and the nearly uniform incidence of SCZ worldwide, seem to point to a component of human genetic variation common to all populations (). If SCZ represents a “disease of humanity”, this could presuppose a role for variation associated with the speciation event(s) giving rise to Homo sapiens (). It follows that the causal variants might reside in “genes” under selective pressure in the human or, to a lesser ex...
Source: Schizophrenia Research - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: T. Bernard Bigdeli, Ayman H. Fanous, Brien P. Riley, Mark Reimers, Xiangning Chen, Kenneth S. Kendler, Silviu-Alin Bacanu, The Schizophrenia Psychiatric Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) Consortium Tags: Letters to the Editor Source Type: research

Microparticles and microscopic structures in three fractions of fresh cerebrospinal fluid in schizophrenia: Case report of twins
Abstract: Schizophrenia is a diagnosis with a set of symptoms of aberrant psychological phenomena. Here, we discuss that there may be an imbalance of proteostasis of neurons in the brain leading to increase in membrane shedding and buildup of microparticles (MPs) appearing in the cerebrospinal fluid. The number of MPs can be determined and their phenotypes verified by size and membrane expression with flow cytometry. This is the first report of specified MPs in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in schizophrenia. Two 56-year-old Swedish-born female monozygotic twins of Caucasian ethnicity with onset of schizophrenia more than 30yea...
Source: Schizophrenia Research - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Fariborz Mobarrez, Rolf Nybom, Viktoria Johansson, Christina M. Hultman, Håkan Wallén, Mikael Landén, Lennart Wetterberg Tags: Biological Studies Source Type: research

Transition to first episode psychosis in ultra high risk populations: Does baseline functioning hold the key?
Abstract: Background: Baseline functioning has been found to be a strong predictor of transition to psychosis in ultra high risk populations. However, the time course of functioning may enhance prediction. We investigated whether there were different patterns of functioning over time and whether particular temporal patterns were related to baseline characteristics and psychosis outcome.Method: Functional data was assessed at baseline and after 3 to 6year follow-up in an ultra high risk sample (n=158; 92 female, mean age=19.28 (SD=3.33), range=14–29). Using the median score of the GAF and the QLS scale, a ‘High’ and �...
Source: Schizophrenia Research - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Eva Velthorst, Barnaby Nelson, Suzanne Wiltink, Lieuwe de Haan, Stephen J. Wood, Ashleigh Lin, Alison R. Yung Tags: Early Psychosis Source Type: research

Cognitive reserve as a predictor of two year neuropsychological performance in early onset first-episode schizophrenia
Conclusions: Lower scores on CR were observed in SSD than in HC and the CR measure correctly classified a high percentage of the sample into the two groups. CR may predict SSD performance on working memory and attention tasks.
Source: Schizophrenia Research - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Elena de la Serna, Susana Andrés-Perpiñá, Olga Puig, Inmaculada Baeza, Igor Bombin, David Bartrés-Faz, Celso Arango, Ana Gonzalez-Pinto, Mara Parellada, María Mayoral, Montserrat Graell, Soraya Otero, Joan Guardia, Josefina Castro-Fornieles Tags: Early Psychosis Source Type: research

Advanced paternal age and vulnerability to psychotic-like experiences in the offspring
Conclusion: In the general population, we did not find robust support for an association between paternal age and vulnerability to PLEs in 18–25year old offspring.
Source: Schizophrenia Research - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Annabel Vreeker, Christian D. Schubart, Willemijn A. van Gastel, René S. Kahn, Marco P.M. Boks Tags: Clinical Studies Source Type: research

Emotion recognition and social/role dysfunction in non-clinical psychosis
Abstract: As researchers continue to understand non-clinical psychosis (NCP-brief psychotic-like experiences occurring in 5–7% of the general population; ), it is becoming evident that functioning deficits and facial emotion recognition (FER) impairment characterize this phenomenon. However, the extent to which these domains are related remains unclear. Social/role functioning and FER were assessed in 65 adolescents/young adults exhibiting low and high-NCP. Results indicate that FER and social/role functioning deficits were present in the High-NCP group, and that the domains were associated in this group alone. Taken tog...
Source: Schizophrenia Research - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Andrea L. Pelletier, Derek J. Dean, Jessica R. Lunsford-Avery, Ashley K. Smith, Joseph M. Orr, Tina Gupta, Zachary B. Millman, Vijay A. Mittal Tags: Clinical Studies Source Type: research

Towards a Cultural Adaptation of Family Psychoeducation: Findings from Three Latino Focus Groups.
This study was undertaken among Latinos receiving treatment from a community mental health center in New York City. The primary mental health concern was schizophrenia. We conducted three focus groups and present the viewpoints of consumers, family members, and providers. Using qualitative content analysis we identified four predominant categories: (1) the importance of family ties; (2) stigma about mental illness; (3) respect and trust in interpersonal relationships; and (4) facilitators and barriers to implementing Family Psychoeducation. Analysis of transcripts revealed specific subthemes for each category. Implications...
Source: Community Mental Health Journal - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Hackethal V, Spiegel S, Lewis-Fernández R, Kealey E, Salerno A, Finnerty M Tags: Community Ment Health J Source Type: research

Carers' Hope, Wellbeing and Attitudes Regarding Recovery.
This study compared carers' and mental health workers' recovery attitudes, and undertook multivariate predictions of carers' wellbeing, hopefulness and recovery attitudes. Participants were 82 Australian family members caring for a relative with psychosis. Carers' average recovery attitudes were less optimistic than for previously surveyed staff. Carers' recovery attitudes were predicted by perceptions that their relative's negative symptoms were more severe. Hopefulness and wellbeing was predicted by more positive and less negative caregiving experiences. Hopefulness was also predicted by less frequent contacts with their...
Source: Community Mental Health Journal - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Marshall S, Deane F, Crowe T, White A, Kavanagh D Tags: Community Ment Health J Source Type: research

Chronic stress alters inhibitory networks in the medial prefrontal cortex of adult mice.
Abstract Chronic stress in experimental animals induces dendritic atrophy and decreases spine density in principal neurons of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). This structural plasticity may play a neuroprotective role and underlie stress-induced behavioral changes. Different evidences indicate that the prefrontocortical GABA system is also altered by stress and in major depression patients. In the amygdala, chronic stress induces dendritic remodeling both in principal neurons and in interneurons. However, it is not known whether similar structural changes occur in mPFC interneurons. The polysialylated form of t...
Source: Brain Structure and Function - November 21, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Gilabert-Juan J, Castillo-Gomez E, Guirado R, Moltó MD, Nacher J Tags: Brain Struct Funct Source Type: research

The Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression: The making of a "gold standard" and the unmaking of a chronic illness, 1960-1980.
DISCUSSION: Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression framed depression and its sufferers in new ways, leading psychiatrists to understand illness as a treatable episode, rather than a life course condition. As such, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression served the interests of psychiatrists and psychiatry in its new era of drug therapy outside the mental hospital. However, Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression was a strange kind of'standard', being quite non-standard in the widely varying ways it was used and the meanings given to its findings. PMID: 23172888 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Chronic Illness - November 21, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Worboys M Tags: Chronic Illn Source Type: research

Enhanced cortisol suppression following administration of low-dose dexamethasone in first-episode psychosis patients.
Conclusions:These findings suggest there may be distinct profiles of HPA axis dysfunction in psychosis which should be further explored. PMID: 23172653 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Phassouliotis C, Garner BA, Phillips LJ, Bendall S, Yun Y, Markulev C, Kerr M, McGorry PD Tags: Aust N Z J Psychiatry Source Type: research

The measurement of burden of care in serious mental illness: A qualitative review.
Conclusions:It was apparent that many of the measures lacked a strong theoretical basis and sound psychometric properties. Further, some of the measures lacked utility, feasibility and specificity. The article concludes with recommendations for future research. PMID: 23172654 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Vella SL, Pai N Tags: Aust N Z J Psychiatry Source Type: research

Capacity of forensic patients to consent to treatment.
Conclusions:Change to a capacity-based legal approach may alter treatment for some forensic patients but would not necessarily increase risk of harm to others. The implications for release decisions are less clear. PMID: 23172655 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Skipworth JJ, Dawson J, Ellis PM Tags: Aust N Z J Psychiatry Source Type: research

Thought disorder in the meta-structure of psychopathology.
CONCLUSIONS: As our understanding of psychopathological meta-structure expands, incorporation of disorders characterized by detachment and psychoticism grows increasingly important. Disorders characterized by detachment and psychoticism may be well conceptualized, organized and measured as a subdimension of the internalizing spectrum of disorders. Manic episodes and bipolar disorder exhibit substantial co-morbidity across both distress and thought disorder domains of the internalizing dimension. Clinically, these results underscore the potential utility of conceptualizing patient treatment needs using an approach ta...
Source: Psychological Medicine - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Keyes KM, Eaton NR, Krueger RF, Skodol AE, Wall MM, Grant B, Siever LJ, Hasin DS Tags: Psychol Med Source Type: research

Mood-congruent amygdala responses to subliminally presented facial expressions in major depression: associations with anhedonia.
Conclusion: We replicated our previous finding of depressed patients showing automatic amygdala mood-congruent biases in terms of enhanced reactivity to negative emotional stimuli and reduced activity to positive emotional stimuli. The altered amygdala processing of positive stimuli in patients was associated with anhedonia scores. The results indicate that reduced amygdala responsiveness to positive stimuli may contribute to anhedonic symptoms due to reduced/inappropriate salience attribution to positive information at very early processing levels. PMID: 23171695 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: J Psychiatry Neurosc... - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Stuhrmann A, Dohm K, Kugel H, Zwanzger P, Redlich R, Grotegerd D, Rauch AV, Arolt V, Heindel W, Suslow T, Zwitserlood P, Dannlowski U Tags: J Psychiatry Neurosci Source Type: research

Single treatments that have lasting effects: some thoughts on the antidepressant effects of ketamine and botulinum toxin and the anxiolytic effect of psilocybin.
This article discusses these studies, their rationale, their possible mechanisms of action, the future clinical research required to establish these therapies and the basic research required to optimize single treatments that have lasting effects. PMID: 23171696 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: J Psychiatry Neurosc... - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Young SN Tags: J Psychiatry Neurosci Source Type: research

Humanistic Psychology's Social Justice Philosophy: Systemically Treating the Psychosocial and Health Effects of Racism
This article discusses a number of domains in the study of racism where humanistic principles have the potential to guide interventions. These domains include internalized racism, race-based traumatic stress as an American Psychiatric Association’s Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders diagnosis, the role of White individuals in creating and combating racism, the psychosocial costs of racism to White individuals, and the interactions of other forms of oppression with racism. Humanistic psychologists are encouraged to move beyond the walls of academia, engage the community, and reengineer systems that ...
Source: Journal of Humanistic Psychology - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Perrin, P. B. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Adherence to treatment among adolescents in a psychiatric ward
ConclusionsWe found that adherent adolescents are cooperative, willing to receive treatment and participate actively in therapies aimed at relieving their mental symptoms or illness. Relevance to clinical practiceThe findings presented herein are likely to be informative in the context of inpatient treatment, and it is expected that the results presented herein will help to improve adolescents' quality of treatment.
Source: Journal of Clinical Nursing - November 21, 2012 Category: Nursing Authors: Ulla Timlin, Kaisa Riala, Helvi Kyngäs Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Sociodemographic and Clinical Features of Gender Identity Disorder: An Italian Multicentric Evaluation
Conclusions. This is the first large study reporting the sociodemographic characteristics of a GID sample referring to Italian clinics, and it provides different profiles for MtFs and FtMs. In particular, FtMs display significantly better social functioning. Fisher AD, Bandini E, Casale H, Ferruccio N, Meriggiola MC, Gualerzi A, Manieri C, Jannini E, Mannucci E, Monami M, Stomaci N, Delle Rose A, Susini T, Ricca V, and Maggi M. Sociodemographic and clinical features of gender identity disorder: An Italian multicentric evaluation. J Sex Med **;**:**–**.
Source: The Journal of Sexual Medicine - November 21, 2012 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Alessandra D. Fisher, Elisa Bandini, Helen Casale, Naika Ferruccio, Maria C. Meriggiola, Anna Gualerzi, Chiara Manieri, Emmanuele Jannini, Edoardo Mannucci, Matteo Monami, Niceta Stomaci, Augusto Delle Rose, Tommaso Susini, Valdo Ricca, Mario Maggi Source Type: research

Reference values for generic instruments used in routine outcome monitoring: the leiden routine outcome monitoring study
Discussion and conclusionReference values for the clinical interpretation were provided for the BSI, MASQ-D30, SF-36, and DAPP-SF. Clinical information aided by ROM data may represent the best means to appraise the clinical state of psychiatric outpatients.
Source: BMC Psychiatry - Latest articles - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Yvonne Schulte-van MaarenIngrid CarlierFrans ZitmanAlbert van HemertMargot de WaalMartijn van NoordenErik Giltay Source Type: research

A randomised controlled trial of recovery focused CBT for individuals with early bipolar disorder
This article describes a single blind randomised controlled trial to assess the feasibility and acceptability of RfCBT compared with treatment as usual. Participants will be recruited from across the North West of England from specialist mental health services and through primary care and self referral. The primary outcome of the study is the feasibility and acceptability of RfCBT as indicated by recruitment to target and retention to follow-up as well as absence of untoward incidents associated with RfCBT. We also intend to estimate the effect size of the impact of the intervention on recovery and mood outcomes and explor...
Source: BMC Psychiatry - Latest articles - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Steven JonesLee MulliganHeather LawGraham DunnMary WelfordGina SmithAnthony Morrison Source Type: research

Thank You to Reviewers
Source: Bipolar Disorders - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Total white matter hyperintensity volume in bipolar disorder patients and their healthy relatives
Conclusions: Based on a quantitative technique, WMH burden appears to be associated with familiality and type of BP. The significance of these findings remains to be fully elucidated.
Source: Bipolar Disorders - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Sarah K Tighe, Sarah A Reading, Paul Rivkin, Brian Caffo, Barbara Schweizer, Godfrey Pearlson, James B Potash, J Raymond DePaulo, Susan S Bassett Tags: Brief Report Source Type: research

Evaluating sleep in bipolar disorder: comparison between actigraphy, polysomnography, and sleep diary
Conclusions: Actigraphy is a valid tool for estimating sleep length and fragmentation in bipolar disorder.
Source: Bipolar Disorders - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Katherine A Kaplan, Lisa S Talbot, June Gruber, Allison G Harvey Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

ADHD comorbidity can matter when assessing cortical thickness abnormalities in patients with bipolar disorder
Conclusions: Some brain abnormalities attributed to BP may result from the presence of ADHD. Diagnostic interactions were found in regions previously implicated in the pathophysiology of BP, making it vital to control for an ADHD comorbid diagnosis when attempting to isolate neural or genetic abnormalities specific to BP.
Source: Bipolar Disorders - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Catherine E Hegarty, Lara C Foland‐Ross, Katherine L Narr, Catherine A Sugar, James J McGough, Paul M Thompson, Lori L Altshuler Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Differential relations between fronto‐limbic metabolism and executive function in patients with remitted bipolar I and bipolar II disorder
Conclusions: There are neurobiological differences between subtypes of BD. BD‐I is associated with more impaired fronto‐limbic circuitry, which might account for reduced executive function in BD‐I patients during remission.
Source: Bipolar Disorders - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Cheng‐Ta Li, Jen‐Chuen Hsieh, Shyh‐Jen Wang, Bang‐Hung Yang, Ya‐Mei Bai, Wei‐Chen Lin, Chen‐Chia Lan, Tung‐Ping Su Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Glycogen synthase kinase‐3 levels and phosphorylation undergo large fluctuations in mouse brain during development
Conclusions: High brain levels of GSK3 and large fluctuations in its levels and phosphorylation in the juvenile and adolescent mouse brain raise the possibility that they may contribute to destabilized mood regulation induced by environmental and genetic factors.
Source: Bipolar Disorders - November 21, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Eléonore Beurel, Marjelo A Mines, Ling Song, Richard S Jope Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Historical theses on nursing and caring sciences in Finland: a literature review
ConclusionResearch on the history of nursing and caring sciences in Finland has received only marginal attention from researchers. This literature review offers a description of the historical research produced on nursing and caring sciences and the topics of interest. In future, it will be necessary to more closely examine several historical topics that have been neglected in the study of nursing and caring sciences.
Source: Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences - November 21, 2012 Category: Nursing Authors: Anne Lukana, Salminen Leena, Kaartinen Marjo, Leino‐Kilpi Helena Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Peri‐adolescent maturation of the prefrontal cortex is sex‐specific and disrupted by prenatal stress
Abstract The prefrontal cortex undergoes dramatic, sex‐specific maturation during adolescence. Adolescence is a vulnerable window for developing mental illnesses that show significant sexual dimorphisms. Gestational stress is associated with increased risk for both schizophrenia, which is more common among men, and cognitive deficits. We have shown that male, but not female, rats exposed to prenatal stress develop post‐pubertal deficits in cognitive behaviors supported by the prefrontal cortex. Here, we tested the hypothesis that repeated variable prenatal stress during the third week of rat gestation disrupts peri‐a...
Source: The Journal of Comparative Neurology - November 21, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Julie A. Markham, Sylvina E. Mullins, James I. Koenig Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Glucocorticoid Receptor and FKBP5 Expression Is Altered Following Exposure to Chronic Stress: Modulation by Antidepressant Treatment
& Marco A Riva Keywords: Biological Psychiatry; chronic mild stress; duloxetine; HPA axis; Mood/Anxiety/Stress Disorders; Neuroendocrinology; Signal Transduction
Source: Neuropsychopharmacology - November 21, 2012 Category: Neurology Authors: Gianluigi GuidottiFrancesca CalabreseChristoph AnackerGiorgio RacagniCarmine M ParianteMarco A Riva Tags: Biological Psychiatry chronic mild stress duloxetine HPA axis Mood/Anxiety/Stress Disorders Neuroendocrinology Signal Transduction Source Type: research

INTERBED: internet-based guided self-help for overweight and obese patients with full or subsyndromal binge eating disorder. A multicenter randomized controlled trial
Conclusions: Although there is evidence that CBT is the first-line treatment for BED, it is not widely available. As BED is still a recent diagnostic category, many cases likely remain undiagnosed, and a large number of patients either receive delayed treatment or never get adequate treatment. A multicenter efficacy trial will give insight into the efficacy of a new internet-based guided self-help program and will allow a direct comparison to the evidence-based gold standard treatment of CBT in Germany.Trial RegistrationCurrent Controlled Trials ISRCTN40484777German Clinical Trial Register DRKS00000409
Source: BioMed Central - November 21, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Martina ZwaanStephan HerpertzStephan ZipfelBrunna Tuschen-CaffierHans-Christoph FriederichFrauke SchmidtOlaf GefellerAndreas MayrTony LamCarmen Schade-BrittingerAnja Hilbert Source Type: research

Describing perceived stigma against Alzheimer's disease in a general population in France: the STIG‐MA survey
ConclusionThe STIG‐MA survey confirms that AD is a stigmatizing condition in France. The difference between perceived stigma of older people, those most exposed to AD, and that of health professionals may influence attitudes towards screening and care. Further studies of perceived stigma in these populations are necessary to adapt intervention strategies. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Source: International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry - November 20, 2012 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Leslie Cartz Piver, Philippe Nubukpo, Angélique Faure, Nathalie Dumoitier, Philippe Couratier, Jean‐Pierre Clément Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Staff and relatives' perspectives on the aggressive behaviour of older people with dementia in residential care: a qualitative study
Accessible summary Staff and relative perspectives on patient aggression in dementia care units are seriously under researched in the UK. We interviewed a number of nursing staff and relatives in four UK care homes in the North West of England. Using a combined approach of one‐to‐one interviews (for staff) and focus groups (for relatives) we explored their views as to the reasons for and ways of responding to aggressive behaviour. Using thematic analysis we found similar results from both staff and relatives and as such their views were categorized into two broad areas: causation and management. The results indicated t...
Source: Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing - November 20, 2012 Category: Nursing Authors: J. Duxbury, D. Pulsford, M. Hadi, S. Sykes Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

6 Electronic Devices You Can Control with Your Thoughts
In my Scientific American column this month , I wrote about the dawn of the brain–computer interface. Forget about keyboard, mouse, touch screens or even voice recognition: the real dream is thinking about what you want your gadget to do. [More]
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - November 20, 2012 Category: Science Tags: Technology,Technology,Everyday Science,Consumer Electronics,Psychiatry,Thought & Cognition,Communications,Computing,Mind Brain,More Science Source Type: research

Hippocampal and entorhinal cortex volume decline in cognitively intact elderly
Abstract: Studying the distribution and chronological sequence of brain morphological changes that occur in normal aging is crucial for understanding the mechanisms underlying these alterations and for distinguishing them from pathological processes. Whether the hippocampal formation is subjected to or spared from age-related shrinkage still remains controversial. We used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in order to assess hippocampal and entorhinal morphology in two population-based cognitively unimpaired cohorts (aged 53–55 years and 73–75 years, respectively) matched for gender, education, handedness, and apolipopro...
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - November 20, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Philipp Arthur Thomann, Torsten Wüstenberg, Henrike Maria Nolte, Philipp Benjamin Menzel, Robert Christian Wolf, Marco Essig, Johannes Schröder Tags: Structural magnetic resonance imaging Source Type: research

Evidence for Impaired Verbal Identification But Intact Nonverbal Recognition of Fearful Body Postures in Asperger's Syndrome.
Abstract While most studies of emotion recognition in Asperger's Syndrome (AS) have focused solely on the verbal decoding of affective states, the current research employed the novel technique of using both nonverbal matching and verbal labeling tasks to examine the decoding of emotional body postures and facial expressions. AS participants performed as accurately as controls at matching fear body postures, but were significantly less accurate than controls verbally identifying these same stimuli. This profile arguably indicates that that while the AS participants were aware that the fear body posture stimuli repre...
Source: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - November 20, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Doody JP, Bull P Tags: J Autism Dev Disord Source Type: research

Investigating Word Learning in Fragile X Syndrome: A Fast-Mapping Study.
In this study, a fast-mapping task was used to investigate associative word learning in 4- to 10-year-old boys with FXS relative to younger typically developing boys and age-matched boys with autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Task performance exceeded chance levels for all groups; however, boys with FXS outperformed boys with ASD, despite having lower levels of nonverbal cognition. Memory task demands significantly impacted performance only for boys with typical development. For boys with FXS or ASD, fast-mapping uniquely accounted for small but significant variance in concurrent levels of vocabulary comprehension as did ch...
Source: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - November 20, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: McDuffie A, Kover ST, Hagerman R, Abbeduto L Tags: J Autism Dev Disord Source Type: research

Brief Report: Avoidance Extinction as Treatment for Compulsive and Ritual Behavior in Autism.
Abstract Treatment options for maladaptive repetitive behaviors associated with autism are limited. This is particularly so for ritual and compulsive forms of repetitive behavior, which commonly interfere with adaptive activities and may cause distress to individuals with autism and their families. The present study assessed an avoidance extinction approach to treatment of frequent, idiosyncratic ritual and compulsive behaviors among a small clinical sample (n = 3) of adults with autism and intellectual disability. Single case experimental design results indicate that intervention achieved extinction for 2 of the...
Source: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - November 20, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Wolff JJ, Hupp SC, Symons FJ Tags: J Autism Dev Disord Source Type: research

Children with Autism in the People's Republic of China: Diagnosis, Legal Issues, and Educational Services.
Abstract Since the late 1970s, special education in the People's Republic of China has experienced significant reform and fast development. However, education for children with severe developmental disabilities, especially autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), is still the greatest challenge in the field. This paper aims to give readers an overview of what is happening to children with ASDs in China. We first address the issue of prevalence of ASDs, and then offer an introduction to the diagnostic process. After that, a review of disability-related legislation is provided, followed by a description of current treatment...
Source: Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - November 20, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Huang AX, Jia M, Wheeler JJ Tags: J Autism Dev Disord Source Type: research

Attitudes Toward Community Mental Health Care: The Contact Paradox Revisited.
This study examines the underlying mechanisms of the association between contact and attitudes toward community mental health care. Data are derived from the 2009 survey "Stigma in a Global Context-Belgian Mental Health Study", using the Community Mental Health Ideology-scale. Results show that people who received mental health treatment themselves or have a family member who has been treated for mental health problems report more tolerant attitudes toward community mental health care than people with public contact with people with mental illness. Besides, the perception of the effectiveness of the treatment seems to matt...
Source: Community Mental Health Journal - November 20, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Pattyn E, Verhaeghe M, Bracke P Tags: Community Ment Health J Source Type: research

Aging in Rett syndrome: a longitudinal study.
Abstract Little is known about the aging process of people with specific syndromes, like Rett syndrome (RTT). Recognition of the clinical and behavioral characteristics of the adult RTT is needed in order to improve future management of the RTT girl and counseling of parents. In association with the Dutch RTT parent association, a 5-year longitudinal study was carried out. The study population consisted of 53 adult women with a clinical diagnosis of RTT. Postal questionnaires were sent, including demographic features, skills, physical and psychiatric morbidity. At the time of the second measurement seven women had ...
Source: Clinical Genetics - November 20, 2012 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Halbach N, Smeets E, Steinbusch C, Maaskant M, van Waardenburg D, Curfs L Tags: Clin Genet Source Type: research

Abstract 271: Evidence of Arterial Stiffness in Young Adult Women Born Extremely Preterm (
Conclusions: This first series of results suggest that women who were born very preterm present indices of arterial rigidity compared to term controls. This alteration of the vascular tree could be a patho-physiological mechanism linking prematurity to adult cardiovascular diseases.
Source: Hypertension - November 20, 2012 Category: Cardiology Authors: Huyard, F., Vaujois, L., Bertagnolli, M., Cloutier, A., Bigras, J.-L., Nuyt, A. M. Tags: Poster Sesion I with Reception Source Type: research

Remission, continuation and incidence of eating disorders during early pregnancy: a validation study in a population-based birth cohort.
CONCLUSIONS: We validated previously estimated rates of remission, continuation and incidence of eating disorders during pregnancy. Eating disorders, especially BED, during pregnancy were relatively common, occurring in nearly one in every 20 women. Pregnancy was a window of remission from BN but a window of vulnerability for BED. Training to detect eating disorders by obstetricians/gynecologists and interventions to enhance pregnancy and neonatal outcomes warrant attention. PMID: 23164164 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Psychological Medicine - November 20, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Watson HJ, Von Holle A, Hamer RM, Knoph Berg C, Torgersen L, Magnus P, Stoltenberg C, Sullivan P, Reichborn-Kjennerud T, Bulik CM Tags: Psychol Med Source Type: research

Safety of SSRIs during pregnancy: a controlled study
ConclusionsNo definitive association between use of SSRIs during pregnancy and an increased risk of birth defects or other adverse outcomes could be found. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Source: Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental - November 20, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: AC. Altamura, IF. De Gaspari, C. Rovera, EM. Colombo, MC. Mauri, L. Fedele Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

The Utility of Risk Assessment Instruments for the Prediction of Recidivism in Sexual Homicide Perpetrators
To examine the predictive accuracy of four well established risk assessment instruments (PCL-R, HCR-20, SVR-20, and Static-99) in an important subgroup of sexual offenders, these instruments were assessed retrospectively based on information from forensic psychiatric court reports in a sample of 90 released male sexual homicide offenders (out of an original sample of 166) in Germany. Follow-up information about criminal reconvictions after release were obtained from the federal criminal records. Total scores as well as subscales and single items of these risk assessment instruments did not predict sexual recidivism, and on...
Source: Journal of Interpersonal Violence - November 20, 2012 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Hill, A., Rettenberger, M., Habermann, N., Berner, W., Eher, R., Briken, P. Tags: Articles Source Type: research