Respiratory Medicine Research This is an OPML file. It can be used to export all the MedWorm RSS feeds on this topic into your personal RSS reader (usually you have to save this file to your own computer before clicking on an Import OPML command in your own feed reader to upload the file which will then import all the feeds) or it can be used by webmasters to integrate MedWorm feeds with their own website. This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 10.

Medical hypnosis as a tool to acclimatize children to non-invasive positive pressure ventilation: a pilot study.
CONCLUSION Medical hypnosis is a very effective, safe, non-invasive, and cheap tool for reducing the anticipatory distress and acclimatizing time for NPPV. This therapy is particularly useful in children with traumatic experiences such as a tracheotomy or facial surgical procedures. PMID: 23392731 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Chest - February 7, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Delord V, Khirani S, Ramirez A, Joseph EL, Gambier C, Belson M, Gajan F, Fauroux B Tags: Chest Source Type: research

Impact of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease on Long-Term Outcome after ST-segment elevation Myocardial Infarction receiving primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention.
CONCLUSIONS: patients with STEMI and concomitant COPD are at greater risk for death and hospital readmissions due to cardiovascular causes (e.g. recurrent MI, HF, bleedings) than patients without COPD. PMID: 23392738 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Chest - February 7, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Campo G, Guastaroba P, Marzocchi A, Santarelli A, Varani E, Vignali L, Sangiorgio P, Tondi S, Serenelli C, De Palma R, Saia F Tags: Chest Source Type: research

Small Animal Models of Experimental Obliterative Bronchiolitis.
Abstract Despite significant progress in the treatment of chronic lung allograft rejection, obliterative bronchiolitis (OB) remains the major limitation to long term survival after lung transplantation. The use of animal models is critical to understand pathological mechanisms behind and to develop therapeutic strategies for OB. For almost 20 years, the technique of heterotopic tracheal transplantation was the leading experimental model in OB research. In the need of a more physiologic experimental set up, a variety of small animal models have been proposed during the last two decades such as the orthotopic trachea...
Source: Am J Respir Cell Mol... - February 7, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Jungraithmayr W, Jang JH, Schrepfer S, Inci I, Weder W Tags: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Source Type: research

Role of IL-18 in Second Hand Smoke-Induced Emphysema.
In this study we show that chronic exposure of Sprague Dawley rats to SHS results in a significant increase of proinflammatory cytokine interleukin 18 (IL-18) and chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 5 (CCL5) in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and a significant decrease of VEGF in the lung tissue. SHS-exposure resulted in a progressive alveolar air space enlargement, cell death, pulmonary vessel loss, vessel muscularization, collagen deposition and right ventricle hypertrophy. The alveolar macrophages displayed a foamy phenotype, and a decreased expression of the natural inhibitor of IL-18, IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP)....
Source: Am J Respir Cell Mol... - February 7, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kratzer A, Salys J, Nold-Petry C, Cool C, Zamora M, Bowler R, Koczulla AR, Janciauskiene S, Edwards M, Dinarello CA, Taraseviciene-Stewart L Tags: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Source Type: research

IL-17A Induces STAT6-Independent Airway Mucous Cell Metaplasia.
IL-17A Induces STAT6-Independent Airway Mucous Cell Metaplasia. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol. 2013 Feb 7; Authors: Newcomb DC, Boswell MG, Sherrill TP, Polosukhin VV, Boyd KL, Goleniewska K, Brody SL, Kolls JK, Adler KB, Peebles RS Abstract Mucous cell metaplasia is a hallmark of asthma, and may be mediated by STAT6 signaling. IL-17A is increased in BAL fluid of patients with severe asthma and IL-17A also increased mucus production in airway epithelial cells. Asthma therapeutics are being developed which inhibit STAT6 signaling, but the role of IL-17A in inducing muc...
Source: Am J Respir Cell Mol... - February 7, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Newcomb DC, Boswell MG, Sherrill TP, Polosukhin VV, Boyd KL, Goleniewska K, Brody SL, Kolls JK, Adler KB, Peebles RS Tags: Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol Source Type: research

Advancing Clinical Practice and Policy through Guidelines: the Role of the American Thoracic Society.
Abstract In the face of an overwhelmingly large and growing medical literature, providers often turn to clinical practice guidelines to inform the decisions they make with patients. By systematically appraising the evidence and providing transparent recommendations for practice, guidelines have the potential to improve both bedside decision-making and health policy. This potential has not been fully realized because most guidelines lack transparency, are tainted by conflicts of interest, or fail to employ rigorous methods to appraise the evidence. To address the shortcomings of past guidelines, the Institute of Med...
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - February 7, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Cooke CR, Gould MK Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Prognostic Value of Bronchiectasis in Patients with Moderate-to-Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
CONCLUSIONS: Bronchiectasis was associated with an independent increased risk of all-cause mortality in moderate-to-severe COPD patients. PMID: 23392438 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - February 7, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Martinez-Garcia MA, de la Rosa D, Soler-Cataluña JJ, Donat-Sanz Y, Catalán Serra P, Agramunt Lerma M, Ballestín J, Valero Sánchez I, Selma Ferrer MJ Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Childhood Obesity and Asthma Control in a Diverse Sample: Examining age and Racial/Ethnic Differences.
CONCLUSIONS: Worse asthma control is uniformly associated with increased BMI in boys. Among girls, the direction of this association varied with race/ethnicity. PMID: 23392439 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - February 7, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Borrell LN, Nguyen EA, Roth LA, Oh SS, Tcheurekdjian H, Sen S, Davis A, Farber HJ, Avila PC, Brigino-Buenaventura E, Lenoir MA, Lurmann F, Meade K, Serebrisky D, Rodriguez-Cintron W, Kumar R, Rodriguez-Santana JR, Thyne S, Burchard EG Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Clusters of Comorbidities Based on Validated Objective Measurements and Systemic Inflammation in Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary disease.
CONCLUSION: Multimorbidity is common in patients with COPD, and different comorbidity clusters can be identified. Low-grade systemic inflammation is mostly comparable among comorbidity clusters. Increasing knowledge on the interactions between comorbidities will increase the understanding of their development and contribute to strategies for prevention or improved treatment. PMID: 23392440 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - February 7, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Vanfleteren LE, Spruit MA, Groenen M, Gaffron S, van Empel VP, Bruijnzeel PL, Rutten EP, Op 't Roodt J, Wouters EF, Franssen FM Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Widespread Colonization of the Lung by Tropheryma whipplei in HIV Infection.
CONCLUSIONS: Asymptomatic subjects with HIV infection have unexpected colonization of the lung by T. whipplei, which is reduced by effective antiretroviral therapy and merits further study for a potential pathogenic role in chronic pulmonary complications of HIV infection. PMID: 23392441 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - February 7, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Lozupone C, Cota-Gomez A, Palmer BE, Linderman DJ, Charlson ES, Sodergren E, Mitreva M, Abubucker S, Martin J, Yao G, Campbell TB, Flores SC, Ackerman G, Stombaugh J, Ursell L, Beck JM, Curtis JL, Young VB, Lynch SV, Huang L, Weinstock GM, Knox KS, Twigg Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Associations of Ambient Air Pollution with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Hospitalization and Mortality.
CONCLUSIONS: Ambient air pollution, including traffic-related fine particulate pollution and woodsmoke pollution, is associated with an increased risk of COPD. PMID: 23392442 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - February 7, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gan WQ, Fitzgerald JM, Carlsten C, Sadatsafavi M, Brauer M Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

A Comprehensive Study of Clinical, Biochemical, Radiological, Vascular, Cardiac, and Sleep Parameters in an Unselected Cohort of Patients With Acromegaly Undergoing Presurgical Somatostatin Receptor Ligand Therapy.
Conclusions:Presurgical ATG therapy lowers GH and IGF-1 concentrations, induces tumor shrinkage, and ameliorates/reverses cardiac, vascular, and sleep complications in many patients with acromegaly. However, responses vary considerably between individuals, and attainment of biochemical control cannot be assumed to equate to universal complication control. PMID: 23393175 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 7, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Annamalai AK, Webb A, Kandasamy N, Elkhawad M, Moir S, Khan F, Maki-Petaja K, Gayton EL, Strey CH, O'Toole S, Ariyaratnam S, Halsall DJ, Chaudhry AN, Berman L, Scoffings DJ, Antoun NM, Dutka DP, Wilkinson IB, Shneerson JM, Pickard JD, Simpson HL, Gurnell Tags: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Evidence of Brown Fat Activity in Constitutional Leanness.
Conclusion:BAT activity has been shown in CL in resting thermoneutral conditions and may exert a role against adipose tissue deposition. PMID: 23393181 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism - February 7, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Pasanisi F, Pace L, Fonti R, Marra M, Sgambati D, De Caprio C, De Filippo E, Vaccaro A, Salvatore M, Contaldo F Tags: J Clin Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

The Utility of Diagnostic Testing for Active Coccidioidomycosis in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients
Solid organ transplant recipients who acquire coccidioidomycosis have high rates of disseminated infection and mortality, and diagnosis of infection in these immunosuppressed patients is challenging because of suboptimal sensitivity of diagnostic tests. To characterize the utility of diagnostic tests for coccidioidomycosis in this population, we conducted a retrospective chart review of all solid organ transplant recipients with newly acquired coccidioidomycosis who were seen at our institution from 1999 to 2011. We identified 27 solid organ transplant recipients with newly acquired, active coccidioidomycosis. The positivi...
Source: American Journal of Transplantation - February 7, 2013 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: N. Mendoza, J. E. Blair Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Anterolateral congenital diaphragmatic hernia with omphalocele: A case report and literature review
We report on a female newborn with this combination that had not been diagnosed prenatally. The patient suffered respiratory failure that persisted despite intensive care support, suggesting severe secondary pulmonary hypoplasia. Autopsy revealed the combination of an anterolateral CDH and omphalocele in the absence of other anomalies. We believe this to be the first such case to be reported in the literature. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: American Journal of Medical Genetics Part A - February 7, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Michael D. Scahill, Petruska Maak, Christian Kunder, Louis P. Halamek Tags: Clinical Report Source Type: research

Cyclist route choice, traffic-related air pollution, and lung function: a scripted exposure study
Conclusions: These results suggest that by selecting low-traffic Bicycle Boulevards instead of heavily trafficked roads, cyclists can reduce their exposure to vehicle-related air pollution. The lung function results indicate that elevated pollutant exposure may not have acute negative effects on healthy cyclists, but further research is necessary to determine long-term effects on a more diverse population. This study and broader field of research have the potential to encourage policy-makers and city planners to expand infrastructure to promote safe and healthy bicycle commuting.
Source: Environmental Health - February 7, 2013 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Sarah JarjourMichael JerrettDane WesterdahlAudrey NazelleCooper HanningLaura DalyJonah LipsittJohn Balmes Source Type: research

Essential Developmental, Genomic Stability, and Tumour Suppressor Functions of the Mouse Orthologue of hSSB1/NABP2
by Wei Shi, Amanda L. Bain, Bjoern Schwer, Fares Al-Ejeh, Corey Smith, Lee Wong, Hua Chai, Mariska S. Miranda, Uda Ho, Makoto Kawaguchi, Yutaka Miura, John W. Finnie, Meaghan Wall, Jörg Heierhorst, Carol Wicking, Kevin J. Spring, Frederick W. Alt, Kum Kum Khanna Single-stranded DNA binding proteins (SSBs) regulate multiple DNA transactions, including replication, transcription, and repair. We recently identified SSB1 as a novel protein critical for the initiation of ATM signaling and DNA double-strand break repair by homologous recombination. Here we report that germline Ssb1−/− embryos die at birth from respirat...
Source: PLoS Genetics - February 7, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Wei Shi et al. Source Type: research

Whole‐heart coronary MRA With 100% respiratory gating efficiency: Self‐navigated three‐dimensional retrospective image‐based motion correction (TRIM)
ConclusionWe have developed a new respiratory motion correction technique for coronary MRA that enables 1 mm3 isotropic resolution and whole‐heart coverage with 7 min of scan time. Further tests on patient population are needed to determine its clinical usage. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine - February 7, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Jianing Pang, Himanshu Bhat, Behzad Sharif, Zhaoyang Fan, Edward Gill, Louise E. J. Thomson, Troy LaBounty, John D. Friedman, Daniel S. Berman, Debiao Li Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Novel retrospective, respiratory‐gating method enables 3D, high resolution, dynamic imaging of the upper airway during tidal breathing
ConclusionsRetrospective, respiratory gated imaging of the upper airway has been demonstrated, utilizing a gating algorithm to ensure acquisition over specified ranges of respiratory rate and tidal volume. Magn Reson Med, 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine - February 7, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Mark E. Wagshul, Sanghun Sin, Michael L. Lipton, Keivan Shifteh, Raanan Arens Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Hypertransaminasemia and fatal lung disease: a case report
Glycogenosis type II (Pompe disease) is a rare autosomal recessive genetic disorder caused by mutations in the gene encoding the lysosomal enzyme acid alpha-glucosidase. The classic form is characterized by severe cardiac involvement, generalized hypotonia and exitus early in life. Presenting symptoms and signs of the disease may be neglected or underestimated, thus delaying the diagnosis. Respiratory manifestations mainly occur because of respiratory muscle weakness. However, additional mechanisms can favor the development of pulmonary complications that result in fatal respiratory failure. We herein describe a case of an...
Source: Italian Journal of Pediatrics - February 7, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Francesca SantamariaSara De StefanoSilvia MontellaMarco MaglioneRoberto Della CasaEmma AcamporaClaudio PignataMariacarolina SalernoGiancarlo Parenti Source Type: research

Case management and self-management support for frequent users with chronic disease in primary care: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial
DiscussionThe integration of a case management intervention delivered by nurses and self-management group support into primary care practices has the potential to positively impact patient empowerment and quality of life and hopefully reduce the burden on health care. Decision-makers, managers and health care professionals will be aware of the factors to consider in promoting the implementation of this intervention into other primary care practices in the region and elsewhere.Trial Registration: NCT01719991
Source: BMC Health Services Research - February 7, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Maud-Christine ChouinardCatherine HudonMarie-France DuboisPasquale RobergeChristine LoignonÉric TchouaketMartin FortinÉva-Marjorie CoutureMaxime Sasseville Source Type: research

Antibacterial activity of the human host defence peptide LL-37 and selected synthetic cationic lipids against bacteria associated with oral and upper respiratory tract infections
Conclusions These data suggest that cationic lipids such as ceragenins warrant further testing as potential novel antibacterial agents.
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - February 7, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Leszczynska, K., Namiot, D., Byfield, F. J., Cruz, K., Zendzian-Piotrowska, M., Fein, D. E., Savage, P. B., Diamond, S., McCulloch, C. A., Janmey, P. A., Bucki, R. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Macrolide-resistant Mycoplasma pneumoniae: its role in respiratory infection
Although the clinical relevance of antibiotic treatment in influencing the natural course of Mycoplasma pneumoniae-associated respiratory diseases is questioned by some physicians, most experts suggest that antibiotics should be systematically used in patients with M. pneumoniae respiratory infections, especially those involving the lower respiratory tract. Macrolides (MLs), tetracyclines (TCs) and fluoroquinolones (FQs) are the drugs of choice for M. pneumoniae infection, but only MLs are recommended for children. The main aim of this review is to analyse what is known about M. pneumoniae resistance to MLs and discuss the...
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - February 7, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Principi, N., Esposito, S. Tags: Review Source Type: research

Classification of chronic cough by systematic treatment cascade trial starting with beta agonist
Conclusions: The majority of chronic cough was BRC. NHBRC was a new chronic cough entity. GERD is a common cause of chronic cough in Japan, as in Western countries. AC and SBS are also causes of chronic cough in Japan.Trial registration: University hospital medical information network (UMIN 000007483).
Source: Cough - February 7, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Hideyasu ShimizuMasamichi HayashiYuji SaitoYuki MienoYasuo TakeuchiFumihiko SasakiHiroki SakakibaraKensei NaitoMitsushi Okazawa Source Type: research

Agreement between behavioral observation and polygraphy for the diagnosis of sleep‐wake states in preterm neonates
Abstract Sleep plays a major role in human well‐being and could influence the brain development and maturation in the neonatal period (1,2). REM sleep deprivation in neonatal animal models affects immediately the respiratory physiology and the subsequent brain development and behavior at adult age (3‐5). Consequently, protection and care of preterm neonates sleep in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) need to be considered as a potentially better practice (6). Only scarce data exist on the validity of behavioral observations in comparison with polygraphy recordings. ©2013 The Author(s)/Acta Pædiatrica ©2013 Foun...
Source: Acta Paediatrica - February 7, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Anna Sevestre, Emmanuel Oger, Valérie Bertelle, Dominique Mabin, Jacques Sizun Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Role of T cells in a gp91phox knockout murine model of acute allergic asthma
Conclusions: As far as cell-cell interaction is concerned, the data is indicative of the existence of a plethora of networks where molecular switches may exist that selectively induce activation and deactivation of regulatory pathways that ultimately manifest in the overall response. gp91phox and MMP-12 either redundantly or synergistically but not additively, provide a regulatory checkpoint for restricting T cell cross-talk with macrophages and keep excessive tissue damage and ECM degradation during acute allergic inflammation under control.
Source: BioMed Central - February 7, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Ena Ray BanerjeeWilliam R Henderson Source Type: research

Methadone overdose: Respiratory depression in a premature neonate: case report
Source: Reactions - February 6, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: research

Lidocaine/epinephrine: Respiratory muscle paralysis after inadvertent intrathecal administration: case report
Source: Reactions - February 6, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: research

Clonazepam: Respiratory arrest and oversedation: case report
Source: Reactions - February 6, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: research

Synthetic B- and T-cell epitope peptides of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus with Gp96 as adjuvant induced humoral and cell-mediated immunity.
Abstract Highly pathogenic porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (HP-PRRSV) has recently caused huge economic losses in the pig industry worldwide. Commercial vaccines, including inactivated vaccines and attenuated live vaccines, are available but fail to provide sustainable protection, especially against genetically heterologous strains. Thus several approaches have been used to develop more effective PRRSV vaccines and/or immune modulators to accelerate and magnify immune responses to PRRSV vaccines. Heat shock protein Gp96 is one such modulator that enhances both the innate and adaptive immune resp...
Source: Vaccine - February 6, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Chen C, Li J, Bi Y, Yang L, Meng S, Zhou Y, Jia X, Meng S, Sun L, Liu W Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research

Mid-season influenza vaccine effectiveness 2011-2012: A Department of Defense Global, Laboratory-based, Influenza Surveillance System case-control study estimate.
Abstract Mid-season influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated using data from surveillance conducted by the Department of Defense Global, Laboratory-based, Influenza Surveillance Program at the United States Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine. Respiratory specimens from geographically diverse military members and dependents who sought medical care 2 October 2011-3 March 2012 were analyzed by viral culture and real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction; influenza viruses were typed and sequenced. Controls were influenza test-negative. Overall, vaccine type and subtype-specific VE were est...
Source: Vaccine - February 6, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Macintosh VH, Tastad KJ, Eick-Cost AA Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research

The impact of a restrictive transfusion trigger on post-operative complication rate and well-being following elective orthopaedic surgery: a post-hoc analysis of a randomised study.
DISCUSSION: A restrictive transfusion protocol was not associated with worse outcome and resulted in a lower transfusion rate compared to the liberal policy. Well-being (quality of life) was not associated with transfusion policy or with red blood cell transfusions. PMID: 23399367 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Blood Transfusion - February 6, 2013 Category: Hematology Authors: So-Osman C, Nelissen R, Brand R, Faber F, Slaa RT, Stiggelbout A, Brand A Tags: Blood Transfus Source Type: research

Sleep disordered breathing analysis in a general population using standard pulse oximeter signals.
CONCLUSIONS: The tested system in this study yielded an acceptable result of sleep disordered breathing compared to the gold standard PSG in patients with moderate to severe sleep apnea. Accordingly and given the convenience and simplicity of the standard pulse oximeter device, the new system can be considered suitable for home and ambulatory diagnosis or screening of sleep disordered breathing patients. PMID: 23386370 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Sleep and Breathing - February 6, 2013 Category: Sleep Medicine Authors: Barak-Shinar D, Amos Y, Bogan RK Tags: Sleep Breath Source Type: research

Improved sleep MRI at 3 tesla in patients with obstructive sleep apnea
Conclusion:Our dedicated sleep MR imaging platform permitted an acoustic environment of constant “white noise” which was conducive to sleep onset and sleep maintenance in obstructive sleep apnea patients at 3T. Apneic episodes, specifically the lateral walls, were more accurately characterized with synchronous, multiplanar acquisitions. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013;. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging - February 6, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Lewis K. Shin, Andrew B. Holbrook, Robson Capasso, Clete A. Kushida, Nelson B. Powell, Nancy J. Fischbein, Kim Butts Pauly Tags: Technical Note Source Type: research

Community acquired infections in older patients admitted to hospital from care homes versus the community: cohort study of microbiology and outcomes
Conclusions: Older patients admitted with acute infection had high 30 day mortality. Patients from care homes were more likely to have resistant organisms but high levels of antimicrobial resistance were found in both groups. Thus, we recommend that antibiotic therapies active against resistant organisms, guided by local resistance patterns, should be considered for all older patients admitted with severe sepsis regardless of their place of residence.
Source: BMC Geriatrics - February 6, 2013 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Charis MarwickVirginia SantiagoColin McCowanJanice BroomhallPeter Davey Source Type: research

Haemophilus influenzae acquires vitronectin via the ubiquitous Protein F to subvert host innate immunity
In conclusion, the multifaceted binding of Vn is beneficial for NTHi survival in serum and may contribute to successful colonization and consequently infection.
Source: Molecular Microbiology - February 6, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Yu‐Ching Su, Farshid Jalalvand, Matthias Mörgelin, Anna M. Blom, Birendra Singh, Kristian Riesbeck Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Novel immune genes associated with excessive inflammatory and antiviral responses to rhinovirus in COPD
Conclusions: COPD pBECs elicit an exaggerated pro-inflammatory and antiviral response to RV-1B infection, without changing viral replication. IFN pre-treatment reduced viral replication. This study identified novel genes and pathways involved in potentiating the inflammatory response to RV in COPD.
Source: Respiratory Research - February 6, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Katherine BainesAlan HsuMelinda ToozeLakshitha GunawardhanaPeter GibsonPeter Wark Source Type: research

In-line filtration minimizes organ dysfunction: New aspects from a prospective, randomized, controlled trial
In-line filtration for complete infusion therapy in critically ill children decreases the incidence rates of respiratory, renal, and hematologic dysfunction, suggesting that filtration may prevent organ damage caused by infused particles.
Source: BMC Pediatrics - Latest articles - February 6, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Martin BoehneThomas JackHarald KöditzKathrin SeidemannFlorian SchmidtMichaela AburaHarald BertramMichael Sasse Source Type: research

Acute respiratory failure caused by organizing pneumonia secondary to antineoplastic therapy for non-Hodgkin's lymphoma
Doenças difusas do parênquima pulmonar pertencem a um grupo de doenças de evolução geralmente subaguda ou crônica, mas que podem determinar insuficiência respiratória aguda. Paciente masculino, 37 anos, em terapia para linfoma não Hodgkin, admitido com tosse seca, febre, dispneia e insuficiência respiratória aguda hipoxêmica. Iniciadas ventilação mecânica e antibioticoterapia, porém houve evolução desfavorável. Tomografia computadorizada de tórax mostrava opacidades pulmonares em "vidro fosco" bilaterais. Devido ao paciente ter feito uso de três drogas relacionadas à pneumonia em organização (ciclof...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva - February 5, 2013 Category: Intensive Care Source Type: research

Noninvasive ventilation in acute respiratory failure from respiratory syncytial virus bronchiolitis
OBJETIVOS: Analisar se a ventilação não invasiva diminui a necessidade de intubação endotraqueal e se alterou a evolução clínica, relativamente a complicações infecciosas, da bronquiolite por vírus sincicial respiratório com insuficiência respiratória. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de coortes: cohorte A, de crianças internadas na unidade de cuidados intensivos e especiais pediátrica antes da introdução da ventilação não invasiva (2003-2005); cohorte B, de crianças internadas após a introdução de ventilação não invasiva (2006-2008). Excluindo a ventilação não invasiva, a terapêutica de supor...
Source: Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva - February 5, 2013 Category: Intensive Care Source Type: research

Research resources for tuberculosis at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases
Summary: Global control of tuberculosis (TB) requires the participation of multiple stakeholders that cross the spectrum of biomedical research, product development, and implementation and operational research. The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), plays a critical role in TB biomedical research and product development by directly supporting and leveraging other funding support strategies and providing research resources to facilitate the translation of knowledge about TB into strategies and tools to more effectively combat disease. The primary m...
Source: Tuberculosis - February 5, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: NIH, DMID TB program Tags: Special Issue Articles Source Type: research

The Inhibitory Role of Hydrogen Sulfide in Airway Hyperresponsiveness and Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Asthma.
The objective of this study was to explore the protective role of H(2)S against allergen-induced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) and inflammation. CSE expression and H(2)S production rate were assessed in mouse lung tissues with ovalbumin (OVA)-induced acute asthma. AHR, airway inflammation, and Th2 response in wild-type (WT) mice were compared with those in CSE gene knockout (KO) mice. The effect of NaHS, an exogenous H(2)S donor, was also evaluated on these parameters. CSE expression was absent and H(2)S production rate was significantly lower in the lungs of CSE KO mice when compared with WT littermates. OVA challenge ...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - February 5, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Zhang G, Wang P, Yang G, Cao Q, Wang R Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: research

[Atrial chaotic tachycardia during a respiratory tract infection due to NL63 coronavirus.]
We report the case of a 3-month-old boy hospitalized with acute bronchiolitis. Respiratory distress was associated with cardiogenic shock caused by chaotic atrial tachycardia. The cause of bronchiolitis was a coronavirus NL63 viral infection, confirmed in nasopharyngeal aspirations. The patient required intensive care including diuretics (furosemide), anti-arrhythmic drugs (amiodarone and digoxin), and inotropic drugs (milrinone and levosimendan) associated with mechanical ventilation. The outcome was favorable in 10days and the sinusal cardiac rhythm was completely restored at discharge. PMID: 23394725 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Archives de Pediatrie - February 5, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Chantreuil J, Favrais G, Soule N, Maakaroun-Vermesse Z, Chaillon A, Chantepie A, Saliba E Tags: Arch Pediatr Source Type: research

Use of postictal respiratory pattern to discriminate between convulsive psychogenic nonepileptic seizures and generalized tonic-clonic seizures.
This study used a fully blinded method to examine postictal breathing parameters to identify features distinguishing between generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCSs) and convulsive psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNESs). Three blinded readers examined edited video recordings of the postictal phase of 72 convulsive seizure episodes recorded from 56 patients. There were 59 GTCS episodes and 13 PNES episodes. Postictal breathing after a PNES episode was more rapid than after a GTCS episode and, thereafter, normalized more rapidly. Postictal breathing after a GTCS episode was more likely to be characterized by stertorous r...
Source: Epilepsy and Behaviour - February 5, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Rosemergy I, Frith R, Herath S, Walker E Tags: Epilepsy Behav Source Type: research

Mathematical Modeling of Respiratory System Mechanics in the Newborn Lamb.
Abstract In this paper, a mathematical model of the respiratory mechanics is used to reproduce experimental signal waveforms acquired from three newborn lambs. As the main challenge is to determine specific lamb parameters, a sensitivity analysis has been realized to find the most influent parameters, which are identified using an evolutionary algorithm. Results show a close match between experimental and simulated pressure and flow waveforms obtained during spontaneous ventilation and pleural pressure variations acquired during the application of positive pressure, since root mean square errors equal to 0.0119, 0....
Source: Acta Biotheoretica - February 5, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Le Rolle V, Samson N, Praud JP, Hernández AI Tags: Acta Biotheor Source Type: research

Humidification performance of humidifying devices for tracheostomized patients with spontaneous breathing: a bench study.
ConclusionNo HME provided adequate humidification when supplemental oxygen was added. In the ICU, caution is required when applying HMEs to tracheostomized patients with SB, especially when supplemental oxygen is required. PMID: 23386732 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Respiratory Care - February 5, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Chikata Y, Oto J, Onodera M, Nishimura M Tags: Respir Care Source Type: research

Bronchodilator Delivery During Simulated Pediatric Noninvasive Ventilation.
Conclusion:Albuterol delivery during simulated pediatric NIV is affected by the position of the nebulizer in relation to the expiratory leak valve and the distance the nebulizer is placed from the filter. A vibrating mesh nebulizer placed intra mask may provide a better alternative for medication delivery than those previously used during pediatric NIV. PMID: 23386733 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Respiratory Care - February 5, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: White CC, Crotwell DN, Shen S, Salyer J, Yung D, Diblasi RM Tags: Respir Care Source Type: research

Severe community‐acquired pneumonia treated with β‐lactam–respiratory quinolone vs. β‐lactam–macrolide combination
ConclusionThirty‐day mortality rate of SCAP patients did not differ whether they were treated with either βQ or βM combination.
Source: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica - February 5, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: J. KARHU, T. I. ALA‐ KOKKO, P. OHTONEN, H. SYRJÄLÄ Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

An integrative review of the side effects related to the use of magnesium sulfate for pre-eclampsia and eclampsia management
Conclusion: Concerns about safety and toxicity from the use of magnesium sulfate should be mitigated by findings from this integrative review, which indicates a low incidence of the most severe side effects, documented in studies that used a wide variety of standard and modified drug regimens. Adverse effects of concern to providers occur infrequently, and when they occurred, a delay of repeat administration was generally sufficient to mitigate the effect. Early screening and diagnosis of the disease, appropriate treatment with proven drugs, and reasonable vigilance for women under treatment should be adopted as global policy and practice.
Source: BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth - Latest articles - February 5, 2013 Category: OBGYN Authors: Jeffrey SmithRichard LoweJudith FullertonSheena CurrieLaura HarrisErica Felker-Kantor Source Type: research

Differences in fungi present in induced sputum samples from asthma patients and non-atopic controls: a community based case control study
Conclusion: This study is novel in providing evidence for the widespread nature of fungi in the sputum of healthy and asthmatic individuals. Differences in the pattern of fungi present in asthma patients and controls merit further investigation. Of particular interest was the presence of Malassezia pachydermatis, which is known to be associated with atopic dermatitis.
Source: BMC Infectious Diseases - February 5, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Hugo van WoerdenClive GregoryRichard BrownJulian MarchesiBastiaan HoogendoornIan Matthews Source Type: research