Respiratory Medicine Research This is an OPML file. It can be used to export all the MedWorm RSS feeds on this topic into your personal RSS reader (usually you have to save this file to your own computer before clicking on an Import OPML command in your own feed reader to upload the file which will then import all the feeds) or it can be used by webmasters to integrate MedWorm feeds with their own website. This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 16.

Image-based response assessment of liver metastases following stereotactic body radiotherapy with respiratory tracking
Conclusion: Use of response criteria based on change in size alone in the interpretation of liver response to SBRT may be inadequate. We propose a simple algorithm with a combination of criteria to better assess tumor response. Further studies are needed to confirm their validity.
Source: Radiation Oncology - January 30, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hajer JarrayaXavier MirabelSophie TaiebSylvain DewasEmmanuelle TreschFrancois BonodeauAntoine AdenisAndrew KramarEric LartigauLuc Ceugnart Source Type: research

The pathogenicity of avian metapneumovirus subtype C wild bird isolates in domestic turkeys
Conclusions: Our data demonstrate that aMPV/C wild bird isolates induced typical aMPV/C disease in the domestic turkeys.
Source: Virology Journal - January 30, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Ra Mi ChaQingzhong YuLaszlo Zsak Source Type: research

Microbiologic and Cytologic Assessment of Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid from Dogs with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection: 105 Cases (2001–2011)
Conclusions and Clinical ImportanceConfirmation of lower respiratory tract infection in dogs is challenging and organisms can be isolated from dogs in which bacteria are not detected on cytologic examination.
Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine - January 30, 2013 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: L.R. Johnson, E.V. Queen, W. Vernau, J.E. Sykes, B.A. Byrne Tags: Standard Article Source Type: research

High hospital burden in overlap syndrome of asthma and COPD
ConclusionOverlap syndrome of asthma and COPD is a common condition with high hospital impact for patients with this condition.
Source: The Clinical Respiratory Journal - January 30, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Heidi Andersén, Pekka Lampela, Antti Nevanlinna, Olli Säynäjäkangas, Timo Keistinen Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Burden of childhood diseases and malnutrition in a semi-urban slum in southern India
Conclusions: Our study found a high burden of childhood diseases and malnutrition among urban slum dwellers in southern India. Frequent illnesses may adversely impact children's health and development, besides placing an additional burden on families who need to seek healthcare and find resources to manage illness.
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - January 30, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Rajiv SarkarPrabhu SivarathinaswamyBhuvaneshwari ThangarajKulandaipalayam SindhuSitara AjjampurJayaprakash MuliyilVinohar BalrajElena NaumovaHonorine WardGagandeep Kang Source Type: research

Health problems awareness during travel among faculty members of a large university in Latin America: preliminary report.
Abstract Health safety during trips is based on previous counseling, vaccination and prevention of infections, previous diseases or specific problems related to the destination. Our aim was to assess two aspects, incidence of health problems related to travel and the traveler's awareness of health safety. To this end we phone-interviewed faculty members of a large public University, randomly selected from humanities, engineering and health schools. Out of 520 attempts, we were able to contact 67 (12.9%) and 46 (68.6%) agreed to participate in the study. There was a large male proportion (37/44, 84.1%), mature adult...
Source: Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo - January 29, 2013 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Tome AC, Canello TB, Luna EJ, Andrade Junior HF Tags: Rev Inst Med Trop Sao Paulo Source Type: research

Non‐invasively derived respiratory severity score and oxygenation index in ventilated newborn infants
ConclusionIn intubated newborn infants, there is a strong association between RSS and OI at SaO2 between 88% and 94%. Pediatr Pulmonol. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Pediatric Pulmonology - January 29, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Narayan P. Iyer, Maroun J. Mhanna Tags: Original Article: Neonatal Lung Disease Source Type: research

Antimicrobial peptide LL-37 attenuates LTA induced inflammatory effect in macrophages.
We examined TNF-α and IL-6 production after LL-37 treatment and discussed its signal transduction pathways such as p38MAPK and Akt activation in macrophages. The expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines was analyzed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The LL-37 expression was determined by Western blot and immunofluorescence staining. The results showed that LL-37 was upregulated after LTA treatment. It could inhibit LTA induced p38MAPK and Akt phosphorylation and attenuate TNF-α and IL-6 production in macrophages in some specific concentration. These results suggest that LL-37...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - January 29, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ruan Y, Shen T, Wang Y, Hou M, Li J, Sun T Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research

Fibrinogen and inflammatory cytokines in spontaneous sputum of sulfur-mustard-exposed civilians - Sardasht-Iran Cohort Study.
Abstract Sulfur mustard (SM) causes late complications in respiratory system of exposed individuals. In this preliminary study, the levels of IL-1α and β, TNF, IL-1Ra, IL-6 and fibrinogen in the spontaneous sputum of SM-exposed individuals were examined 20years after exposure and the correlation with pulmonary function was tested. The participants were categorized into two major subgroups (hospitalized and non-hospitalized) based on the severity of the clinical complications immediately after exposure. Every participant was visited by a physician; the respiratory functions were checked using spirometry and were c...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - January 29, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Yaraee R, Hassan ZM, Pourfarzam S, Rezaei A, Faghihzadeh S, Ebtekar M, Soroush MR, Ardestani SK, Kazemi H, Mahmoudi M, Ghazanfari Z, Foroutan A, Jalaie S, Ghazanfari T Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research

Salivary levels of secretary IgA, C5a and alpha 1-antitrypsin in sulfur mustard exposed patients 20years after the exposure, Sardasht-Iran Cohort Study (SICS).
In this study, as many as 500 volunteers, including 372 SM-exposed cases and 128 control volunteers were recruited. A 3ml sample of saliva was collected from each volunteer, and the level of secretory IgA, C5a, and alpha 1 antitrypsin in the samples were compared between the two groups. The SM-exposed group showed a significantly higher amount of salivary alpha 1 antitrypsin and secretary IgA compared to the control group (p<.006 and p<.018 respectively). The two groups showed no significant difference (p=0.192) in the level of C5a. The results also showed that the level of salivary A1AT is more than that of IgA in s...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - January 29, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Yarmohammadi ME, Hassan ZM, Mostafaie A, Ebtekar M, Yaraee R, Pourfarzam S, Jalali-Nadoushan MR, Faghihzadeh S, Vaez-Ahdavi MR, Soroush MR, Khamesipour A, Faghihzadeh E, Sharifnia Z, Naghizadeh MM, Ghazanfari T Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research

Sulfite-Mediated Oxidation of Myeloperoxidase to a Free Radical: Immuno-Spin Trapping Detection in Human Neutrophils.
The objective of the present study is to examine the oxidative damage caused by (bi)sulfite-derived free radicals in human neutrophils through formation of protein radicals. We used immuno-spin trapping and confocal microscopy to study the protein oxidations driven by sulfite-derived radicals. We found that the presence of sulfite can cause MPO-catalyzed oxidation of MPO to a protein radical in phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-activated human neutrophils. We trapped the MPO-derived radicals in situ using the nitrone spin trap 5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxide (DMPO) and detected them immunologically as nitrone adducts ...
Source: Free Radical Biology and Medicine - January 29, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Ranguelova K, Rice AB, Lardinois OM, Triquigneaux M, Steinckwich N, Deterding LJ, Garantziotis S, Mason RP Tags: Free Radic Biol Med Source Type: research

Gender and strain contributions to the variability of buprenorphine-related respiratory toxicity in mice.
Abstract While most deaths from asphyxia related to buprenorphine (BUP) overdose have been reported in males, higher plasma concentrations of BUP and its toxic metabolite norbuprenorphine (NBUP) have been observed in females. We previously demonstrated that P-glycoprotein (P-gp) modulation at the blood-brain barrier (BBB) contributes highly to BUP-related respiratory toxicity, by limiting NBUP entrance into the brain. In this work, we sought to investigate the role of P-gp-mediated transport at the BBB in gender and strain-related variability of BUP and NBUP-induced respiratory effects in mice. Ventilation was stud...
Source: Toxicology - January 29, 2013 Category: Toxicology Authors: Alhaddad H, Cisternino S, Saubamea B, Schlatter J, Chiadmi F, Risède P, Smirnova M, Cochois-Guégan V, Tournier N, Baud FJ, Mégarbane B Tags: Toxicology Source Type: research

PRIMARY CILIARY DYSKINESIA.
We present a case of 36-year-old woman with the history of recurrent lower respiratory tract infections and bronchiectasis. She was diagnosed with primary ciliary dyskinesia syndrome based on her clinical presentation and electron microscopy findings of her bronchial biopsy. PMID: 23362165 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Respiratory Care - January 29, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ciftci F, Atilla P, Muftuoglu S, Karnak D Tags: Respir Care Source Type: research

SPONTANEOUS PULMONARY HERNIA: A CASE REPORT.
We describe the clinical features, diagnosis, and successful treatment. PMID: 23362166 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Respiratory Care - January 29, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gómez PE, Ferreiro S, Esteban SM, Fodor R, Palavecino ME, Rios FG Tags: Respir Care Source Type: research

INDIVIDUALIZED POSITIVE END-EXPIRATORY PRESSURE SETTING IN PATIENTS WITH ACUTE RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME. A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED PILOT STUDY.
Conclusions:In ARDS patients, protective mechanical ventilation with PEEP application according to the highest compliance is associated with less organ dysfunction and a strong non-significant trend toward lower mortality. PMID: 23362167 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Respiratory Care - January 29, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Pintado MC, de Pablo R, Trascasa M, Milicua JM, Rogero S, Daguerre M, Cambronero JA, Arribas I, Sánchez-García M Tags: Respir Care Source Type: research

PREDICTING WALKING-INDUCED OXYGEN DESATURATIONS IN COPD PATIENTS: A STATISTICAL MODEL.
ConclusionsWDS accurately predicts and classifies the risk of walking desaturation in COPD patients. PMID: 23362168 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Respiratory Care - January 29, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Crisafulli E, Iattoni A, Venturelli E, Siscaro G, Beneventi C, Cesario A, Clini EM Tags: Respir Care Source Type: research

Diabetic myonecrosis in a cystic fibrosis patient.
We report the case of a 32 year old with poorly controlled diabetes presenting with subacute leg pain and focal quadriceps tenderness. The patient was found to have diabetic myonecrosis through careful neuromuscular testing and imaging after an extensive workup. This first reported case of diabetic myonecrosis in CF highlights the need for pulmonary physicians to recognize this diabetic complication in CF patients, which is associated with a poor long term prognosis and existing microvascular complications. PMID: 23362169 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Respiratory Care - January 29, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kopp BT, Kirkby S, Hayes D, Flanigan KM Tags: Respir Care Source Type: research

Foodborne Botulism Treated with Heptavalent Botulism Antitoxin (February).
CONCLUSIONS:In a confirmed case of foodborne botulism treated with H-BAT, the patient tolerated H-BAT and did not develop any hypersensitivity reactions or serum sickness. PMID: 23362041 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Annals of Pharmacotherapy - January 29, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Hill SE, Iqbal R, Cadiz CL, Le J Tags: Ann Pharmacother Source Type: research

Comparison of Acute Transient Dyspnea after Intravenous Administration of Gadoxetate Disodium and Gadobenate Dimeglumine: Effect on Arterial Phase Image Quality [Contrast Media]
Conclusion: Intravenous gadoxetate disodium can result in acute self-limiting dyspnea that can have a deleterious effect on arterial phase MR image quality and occurs significantly more often than with intravenous gadobenate dimeglumine. © RSNA, 2012
Source: Radiology - January 29, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Davenport, M. S., Viglianti, B. L., Al-Hawary, M. M., Caoili, E. M., Kaza, R. K., Liu, P. S. C., Maturen, K. E., Chenevert, T. L., Hussain, H. K. Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Media Source Type: research

Use of antenatal corticosteroids for preterm birth in Latin America: providers knowledge, attitudes and practices: Use of antenatal corticosteroids for preterm birth among providers in Latin America
Conclusions: This study shows that the use of this intervention could be improved by increasing the knowledge of Latin American providers on its indications, benefits, and regimens.
Source: Reproductive Health - January 29, 2013 Category: OBGYN Authors: Alicia AlemanMaria CafferataLuz GibbonsFernando AlthabeJose Ortiz-SegarraXochitl SandovalNicolás Padilla-RaygozaJosé Belizán Source Type: research

Establishing a framework to implement 4D XCAT Phantom for 4D radiotherapy research
Conclusions: An integrated computer program has been developed to generate, review, analyse, process, and export the 4D XCAT images. A framework has been established to implement the 4D XCAT phantom for 4D RT research.
Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics - January 29, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Raj K PantaPaul SegarsFang-Fang YinJing Cai Source Type: research

Pro/con debate: Should PaCO2 be tightly controlled in all patients with acute brain injuries?
You are the attending intensivist in a neurointensive care unit caring for a woman five days post-rupture of a cerebral aneurysm (World Federation of Neurological Surgeons Grade 4 and Fisher Grade 3). She is intubated for airway protection and mild hypoxemia related to an aspiration event at the time of aneurysm rupture, but is breathing spontaneously on the ventilator. Your patient is spontaneously hyperventilating with high tidal volumes despite minimal support and has developed significant hypocapnia. She has not yet developed the acute respiratory distress syndrome. You debate whether to tightly control her partial pre...
Source: Critical Care - January 29, 2013 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Stephanie GoJeffrey Singh Source Type: research

Eosinophil activation and novel mediators in the aspirin‐induced nasal response in AERD
ConclusionEosinophil activation occurred in early and late responses after L‐ASA NPT in upper airway mucosa of AERD patients, where ApoA1, α2M, and CP as well as CysLT may be involved in eosinophilic inflammation.© 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Source: Clinical and Experimental Allergy - January 28, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Gil‐Soon Choi, Joo‐Hee Kim, Yoo‐Seob Shin, Young‐Min Ye, Seung‐Hyun Kim, Hae‐Sim Park Tags: Original Article‐Clinical Mechanisms in Allergic Disease Source Type: research

Diphtheria – ‘The strangling angel’ of children
Abstract: Diphtheria, an acute infectious condition caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae, was once a major killer of children. Although the mortality rates dropped dramatically in the mid-twentieth century, due to a combination of improved standards of living and immunization programs, outbreaks are still occurring. Two children, aged four and five years respectively, are reported to demonstrate characteristic features of lethal cases. Death in case 1 was due to an extensive upper airway pseudomembrane causing acute respiratory failure. The diagnosis of diphtheria was only made at postmortem. Death in case 2 was due to ac...
Source: Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine - January 28, 2013 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Roger W. Byard Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Human rhinoviruses including group C are common in stool samples of young Finnish children
Conclusions: Our study shows that HRVs are frequently detected in the stool samples from the population of young children. We also show that HRV-C, which can cause severe illnesses in children, is commonly circulating in young children in Finland.
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - January 28, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Hanna Honkanen, Sami Oikarinen, Pauliina Peltonen, Olli Simell, Jorma Ilonen, Riitta Veijola, Mikael Knip, Heikki Hyöty Tags: Full length articles Source Type: research

Serum profiles of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in long-term pulmonary complication induced by sulfur mustard: Sardasht-Iran Cohort Study (SICS).
Abstract Sulfur mustard (SM) is a cytotoxic chemical agent which can cause severe irritation and irreversible damages to body tissues. The effect of SM gas on respiratory tract is one of the main causes of short and long term disabling complications. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) have a critical role in controlling extra cellular matrix remodeling and inflammatory responses in lung tissue and are involved in many various chronic pulmonary diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible role of MMPs and their endogenous inhibitors in SM induced lung symptoms in exposed subjects 20years after e...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - January 28, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kiani A, Mostafaie A, Shirazi FH, Ghazanfari T Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research

The essential role of peripheral respiratory chemoreceptor inputs in maintaining breathing revealed when CO2 stimulation of central chemoreceptors is diminished.
Abstract Central sleep apnoea (CSA) is a condition characterized by oscillations between apnoea and hyperpnoea during sleep. Smith and Dempsey proposed that withdrawal of peripheral chemoreceptor (carotid body) activation following transient ventilatory overshoots plays an essential role in causing apnoea, raising the possibility that sustaining carotid body activity during ventilatory overshoots may prevent apnoea. To test whether sustained peripheral chemoreceptor activation is sufficient to drive breathing, even in the absence of central chemoreceptor stimulation and vagal feedback, we used a vagotomized, decere...
Source: The Journal of Physiology - January 28, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Fiamma MN, O'Connor ET, Roy A, Zuna I, Wilson RJ Tags: J Physiol Source Type: research

A new iridoid glycoside and potential MRB inhibitory activity of isolated compounds from the rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus L.
Abstract A new iridoid glycoside, rotunduside (1), along with four known iridoid glycosides, 10-O-p-hydroxybenzoyltheviridoside (2), 10-O-vanilloyltheviridoside (3), 6″-O-(trans-p-coumaroyl)-procumbide (4) and loganic acid (5), was isolated from the rhizomes of Cyperus rotundus L. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of UV, IR, MS and NMR spectroscopic analyses. In addition, the macrophages respiratory burst (MRB) inhibitory activity of the isolated compounds was reported. Compound 2 exhibited considerable MRB inhibitory activity in the test with IC(50) value of ∼37 μM. PMID: 23356789 [P...
Source: Natural Product Research - January 28, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhou Z, Yin W, Zhang H, Feng Z, Xia J Tags: Nat Prod Res Source Type: research

Native valve right sided infective endocarditis.
Abstract Right-sided infective endocarditis (RSIE) accounts for 5-10% of all cases of infective endocarditis (IE), and is predominantly encountered in the injecting drug user (IDU) population, where HIV and HCV coinfections often coexist. Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogen. The pathogenesis of RSIE is still not well understood. RSIE usually presents as a persistent fever with respiratory symptoms whilst signs of systemic embolisation as seen in left-sided IE are notably absent. The prompt diagnosis of RSIE thus requires a high index of suspicion. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) can detect the ma...
Source: European Journal of Internal Medicine - January 28, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Akinosoglou K, Apostolakis E, Marangos M, Pasvol G Tags: Eur J Intern Med Source Type: research

[Ability of the modified CRB75 severity scale in assessing elderly patients with community acquired pneumonia.]
CONCLUSION: Both CRB-65 and CRB-75 scales are an acceptable tool to classify mortality risk among elderly patients with CAP. However, CRB-75 can be more useful for evaluating patients over 65 years with CAP. PMID: 23369644 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Atencion Primaria - January 28, 2013 Category: Primary Care Authors: Ochoa Gondar O, Vila Córcoles A, Rodriguez Blanco T, de Diego Cabanes C, Salsench Serrano E, Hospital Guardiola I Tags: Aten Primaria Source Type: research

Mitochondrial dysfunction in osteoarthritis is associated with down‐regulation of superoxide dismutase 2
ConclusionThis is the first study to analyze the effects of SOD2 depletion in human articular chondrocytes in terms of changes to oxidation and mitochondrial function. The findings indicate that SOD2 depletion in chondrocytes leads to oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction, suggesting that SOD2 down‐regulation is a potential contributor to the pathogenesis of OA.
Source: Arthritis and Rheumatism - January 28, 2013 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Christos Gavriilidis, Satomi Miwa, Thomas von Zglinicki, Robert W. Taylor, David A. Young Tags: Osteoarthritis Source Type: research

Accuracy of Patient Self‐Report as a Measure of Inhaled Asthma Medication Use
ConclusionsSelf‐report is inaccurate in measuring actual use of inhaled asthma treatment, with patients who under‐use their maintenance therapy over‐reporting their use and those who over‐use their therapy under‐reporting their use.
Source: Respirology - January 28, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Mitesh Patel, Kyle Perrin, Alison Pritchard, Mathew Williams, Meme Wijesinghe, Mark Weatherall, Richard Beasley Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Classification of Broncholiths and Clinical Outcomes
ConclusionsThe treatment of broncholithiasis should be based on chest CT and bronchoscopic findings. Intraluminal broncholiths can be removed via bronchoscopy, while surgery should be considered for symptomatic mixed or extraluminal broncholiths.
Source: Respirology - January 28, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: So Y. Lim, Kyung J. Lee, Kyeongman Jeon, Won‐Jung Koh, Gee Y. Suh, Man P. Chung, Hojoong Kim, O. Jung Kwon, Sang‐Won Um Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Atopy is a risk factor for respiratory symptoms in COPD patients: results from the EUROSCOP study
Conclusions: Atopic COPD patients are more likely male, have overweight/obesity and are younger as compared with non-atopic COPD patients. Atopy in COPD is associated with an increased incidence and prevalence of respiratory symptoms. If atopic COPD patients are treated with budesonide, they more often show remission of symptoms compared to non-atopic COPD patients who are treated with budesonide. We recommend including atopy in the diagnostic work-up and management of COPD.
Source: Respiratory Research - January 28, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Fatemeh FattahiNick ten HackenClaes-Göran LöfdahlMachteld HylkemaWim TimensDirkje PostmaJudith Vonk Source Type: research

Low-dose CT measurements of airway dimensions and emphysema associated with airflow limitation in heavy smokers: a cross sectional study
Background: Increased airway wall thickness (AWT) and parenchymal lung destruction both contribute to airflow limitation. Advances in computed tomography (CT) post-processing imaging allow to quantify these features. The aim of this Dutch population study is to assess the relationships between AWT, lung function, emphysema and respiratory symptoms. Methods: AWT and emphysema were assessed by low-dose CT in 500 male heavy smokers, randomly selected from a lung cancer screening population. AWT was measured in each lung lobe in cross-sectionally reformatted images with an automated imaging program at locations with an interna...
Source: Respiratory Research - January 28, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Akkelies DijkstraDirkje PostmaNick ten HackenJudith VonkMatthijs OudkerkPeter van OoijenPieter ZanenFirdaus Mohamed HoeseinBram van GinnekenMichael SchmidtHarry Groen Source Type: research

TNF‐238 polymorphism may predict bronchopulmonary dysplasia among preterm infants in the Egyptian population
ConclusionThe TNFα −238G > A polymorphism—particularly the presence of an A allele—should be evaluated as a biomarker to predict the clinical outcome of preterm infants with BPD in Egypt. Even the presence of one copy of this mutant allele appears to be sufficient to influence the severity of disease. Pediatr Pulmonol. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Pediatric Pulmonology - January 28, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Nasser A. Elhawary, Mohammed T. Tayeb, Shereen Abdel‐Ghafar, Mona Rashad, Abdel‐Aziz Alkhotani Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Refractory otitis media: An unusual presentation of childhood granulomatosis with polyangiitis
We present a 16‐year‐old girl who, following 6 months of treatment for persistent middle ear effusion with progressive sensorineural hearing loss, developed rapidly progressing pneumonia, with pleural effusion, and multiple cavitatory lung lesions. Investigations demonstrated high titer c‐ANCA and nasal septal biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of cGPA. This case highlights the difficulty in diagnosing cGPA and the potentially life‐threatening consequences of failing to do so. Pediatr Pulmonol. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Pediatric Pulmonology - January 28, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Preena Uppal, Jonny Taitz, Brynn Wainstein, Marlene Soma, Yvonne Belessis, Paul Gray Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

Duplication in CHIT1 gene and the risk for Aspergillus lung disease in CF patients
ConclusionsCHIT1 duplication is not found in all CF patients with ABPM in contrast to patients with SAFS. These results suggest that CHIT1 duplication cannot be the sole explanation for Aspergillus positive sputum in CF patients. Pediatr Pulmonol. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Pediatric Pulmonology - January 28, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Galit Livnat, Ronen Bar‐Yoseph, Adi Mory, Efrat Dagan, Nael Elias, Ruth Gershoni, Lea Bentur Tags: Original Article: Cystic Fibrosis Source Type: research

Endothelial NOS gene Glu298Asp polymorphism in preterm neonates with respiratory Distress syndrome
ConclusionsThese data suggest that there were significant gestational age‐related differences between RDS and control groups in terms of Glu298Asp polymorphism. Therefore, RDS seems to develop with alterations in eNOS Glu298Asp genotype frequencies in the Turkish population. Pediatr Pulmonol. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Pediatric Pulmonology - January 28, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ayşe G. Demirçubuk, M. Yavuz Coşkun, Şeniz Demiryürek, Recep Dokuyucu, Serdar Öztuzcu, Z. Şafak Taviloğlu, Ahmet Arslan, Ercan Sivaslı Tags: Original Article: Neonatal Lung Disease Source Type: research

Colistin inhalation monotherapy for ventilator‐associated pneumonia of Acinetobacter baumannii in prematurity
ConclusionsAerosolized colistin may be used as monotherapy for VAP due to A. baumannii infection in pre‐term infants. A larger controlled study is warranted to corroborate the findings. Pediatr Pulmonol. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Pediatric Pulmonology - January 28, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Chia‐Hao Kang, Chih‐Min Tsai, Tin‐Hsin Wu, Hsin‐Yi Wu, Mei‐Yung Chung, Chih‐Cheng Chen, Yi‐Chuan Huang, Shih‐Feng Liu, Da‐Ling Liao, Chen‐Kuang Niu, Chen‐Hsiang Lee, Hong‐Ren Yu Tags: Original Article: Respiratory Infections Source Type: research

Optimization of anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics for cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbations: VI. Executive summary
Abstract Acute pulmonary exacerbations (APE) are well‐described complications of cystic fibrosis (CF) and are associated with progressive morbidity and mortality. Despite aggressive management with two or more intravenous anti‐pseudomonal agents, approximately 25% of exacerbations will result in a loss of lung function. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the classes of intravenous anti‐pseudomonal antibiotics, the findings of anti‐pseudomonal antibiotic utilization surveys, the current antibiotic dosing recommendations from the U.S. and Europe, and the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) ...
Source: Pediatric Pulmonology - January 28, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Jeffery T. Zobell, David C. Young, C. Dustin Waters, Krow Ampofo, Chris Stockmann, Catherine M.T. Sherwin, Michael G. Spigarelli Tags: State of the Art Source Type: research

Functional capacity during exercise in very‐low‐birth‐weight premature children
ConclusionIn conclusion, this study suggests that children born prematurely with very low birth weight, especially those who had bronchopulmonary dysplasia present limited functional capacity during exercise. Pediatr Pulmonol. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
Source: Pediatric Pulmonology - January 28, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Sabrina Pinheiro Tsopanoglou, Josy Davidson, Ana Lucia Goulart, Marina Carvalho de Moraes Barros, Amélia Miyashiro Nunes dos Santos Tags: Original Article: Other Source Type: research

Response to letter
Source: Pediatric Pulmonology - January 28, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Ingvild Bruun Mikalsen, Thomas Halvorsen, Knut Øymar Tags: Response to Letter Source Type: research

Bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Clinical grading in relation to ventilation/perfusion mismatch measured by single photon emission computed tomography
Abstract Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a significant cause of morbidity in the preterm population. Clinical severity grading based on the need for supplemental oxygen and/or need for positive airway pressure at 36 weeks postmenstrual age does not yield reproducible predictive values for later pulmonary morbidity. Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was used to measure the distribution of lung ventilation (V) and perfusion (Q) in 30 BPD preterm infants at a median age of 37 weeks postmenstrual age. The V and Q were traced with 5 MBq Technegas and Technetium‐labeled albumin macro aggregates, respecti...
Source: Pediatric Pulmonology - January 28, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Malin Kjellberg, Karin Björkman, Malin Rohdin, Alejandro Sanchez‐Crespo, Baldvin Jonsson Tags: Original Article: Neonatal Lung Disease Source Type: research

EGFR mutation testing in lung cancer: a review of available methods and their use for analysis of tumour tissue and cytology samples
Conclusions Several different testing methods offer a more sensitive alternative to direct sequencing for the detection of common EGFR mutations. Evidence published to date suggests cytology samples are viable alternatives for mutation testing when tumour tissue samples are not available.
Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology - January 28, 2013 Category: Pathology Authors: Ellison, G., Zhu, G., Moulis, A., Dearden, S., Speake, G., McCormack, R. Tags: Open access, Editor's choice, Lung cancer (oncology), Lung cancer (respiratory medicine) Review Source Type: research

Comparison of survival of patients with metastases from known versus unknown primaries: survival in metastatic cancer
Conclusions: Patients with CUP have poorer survival than patients with known primaries, except those with brain and respiratory system metastases. Of CUP sites, liver metastases have the worst prognosis. Survival in CUP was comparable to that in metastatic lung cancer. The aggressive behavior of CUP may be due to initial immunosuppression and immunoediting which may allow accumulation of mutations. Upon escape from the suppressed state an unstoppable tumor spread ensues. These novel data on the epidemiology of the metastatic process at the population level demonstrated large survival differences in organ defined metastases...
Source: BMC Cancer - January 28, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Matias RiihimäkiHauke ThomsenAkseli HemminkiKristina SundquistKari Hemminki Source Type: research

Head Nodding Predicts Mortality in Young Hypoxaemic Papua New Guinean Children With Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - January 28, 2013 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Laman, M., Ripa, P., Vince, J., Tefuarani, N. Tags: Research Letters Source Type: research

Cardiac Tamponade due to Fatal Pneumopericardium after Commercial Flight: Transportation of a Premature Infant with Chronic Lung Disease
We report a case of cardiac tamponade due to air leak and fatal pneumopericardium that occurred after commercial flight transportation of a premature infant with chronic lung disease without respiratory distress. We review and discuss aspects of flight pathophysiology, and conclude that careful preparation before, and close monitoring during, commercial flight transportation is necessary for premature infants.
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - January 28, 2013 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Wang, L. S., Cheng, G. Q., Chen, C., Cao, Y. Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Life-threatening Scrub Typhus with Hemophagocytosis and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in an Infant
Scrub typhus is a rickettsial disease, caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, which is transmitted via the bite of a chigger. This disease is one of the most important infectious diseases in the Asia-Pacific area; however, a severe infant case has not yet been reported. Here, we present the case of an 8-month-old boy with scrub typhus accompanied by hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). His rapid course was complicated by acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), status epilepticus and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). He recovered after clarithromycin therapy and intensive supportive care. Although being extr...
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - January 28, 2013 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Kwon, H. J., Yoo, I. H., Lee, J.-W., Chung, N. G., Cho, B., Kim, H.-K., Kang, J. H. Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Cord Blood 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Levels and the Risk of Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Early Childhood
Conclusion: Low cord blood 25 (OH) D levels are associated with increased risk of ALRI in the first 2 years of life.
Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics - January 28, 2013 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Mohamed, W. A. W., Al-Shehri, M. A. Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research