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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 10.

Abusive Supervision and Nursing Performance
ConclusionsSupervisory abuse is a problem to the healthcare organizations because of the counterproductive behaviors that resulted. Concern is specifically suggested regarding possible negative influences to patient satisfaction. This article offers a change model and recommendations to curtail abusive supervision.
Source: Nursing Forum - February 5, 2013 Category: Nursing Authors: Brad C. Estes Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Differences in fungi present in induced sputum samples from asthma patients and non-atopic controls: a community based case control study
Conclusion: This study is novel in providing evidence for the widespread nature of fungi in the sputum of healthy and asthmatic individuals. Differences in the pattern of fungi present in asthma patients and controls merit further investigation. Of particular interest was the presence of Malassezia pachydermatis, which is known to be associated with atopic dermatitis.
Source: BMC Infectious Diseases - February 5, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Hugo van WoerdenClive GregoryRichard BrownJulian MarchesiBastiaan HoogendoornIan Matthews Source Type: research

Effects of Syzygium aromaticum‐derived oleanolic acid on glucose transport and glycogen synthesis in the rat small intestine (丁香衍生物齐墩果酸对大鼠小肠中的葡萄糖转运以及糖原合成的影响)
Conclusion: The data suggest that OA may be a potential alternative drug treatment for postprandial hyperglycemia because of its inhibition of glucose uptake across the small intestine and its concomitant conversion of glucose to glycogen in the intestinal wall. 摘要背景：在本研究中，我们调查了齐墩果酸（OA，具有降血糖的特性）对小肠（可以分泌多种糖类代谢相关酶的器官）中的葡萄糖转运以及糖原合成的影响。方法：丁香乙酸乙酯可溶部分使用乙醇重结晶后可分离出OA。用新鲜配制的二甲基亚砜（2 mL）与生理盐水（19 mL）将...
Source: Journal of Diabetes - February 5, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Andile KHATHI, Bubuya MASOLA, Cephas T. MUSABAYANE Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Agreement between periapical radiographs and cone‐beam computed tomography for assessment of periapical status of root filled molar teeth
ConclusionThere are substantial disagreements between PA and CBCT for assessing the periapical status of molar teeth, especially for the maxillary arch. The findings have implications in periapical diagnosis and for evaluating the outcome of endodontic care.© 2013 International Endodontic Journal. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Source: International Endodontic Journal - February 5, 2013 Category: Dentistry Authors: GSP Cheung, WLL Wei, C McGrath Tags: Original Scientific Article Source Type: research

Evaluation of the Joypex 5 and Root ZX II: an in vivo and ex vivo study
ConclusionThe Joypex 5 and Root ZX II had similar accuracy in determining working length of root canal. The ex vivo methodology for evaluation the accuracy of ERCLMDs was validated when compared with the in vivo results.© 2013 International Endodontic Journal. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Source: International Endodontic Journal - February 5, 2013 Category: Dentistry Authors: R M V Soares, E J N L da Silva, D R Herrera, R L Krebs, T Coutinho‐Filho Tags: Original Scientific Article Source Type: research

Silencing SATB1 with siRNA inhibits the proliferation and invasion of small cell lung cancer cells
Background: Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is a special kind of lung cancers, lymph or blood metastasis of SCLC usually occurs in early stage. Studies in breast and colon cancer showed over expression of SATB1 could promote tumor cell growth and inhibit apoptosis. Therefore, we studied the expression of SATB1 in SCLC. Methods: The level of SATB1 was analyzed in SCLC tissues, metastatic lymphoid nodes and adjacent normal lung tissues by immunohistochemistry. Meanwhile, small interfering SATB1-targeting RNA was constructed and transfected into human SCLC cell line NCI-H446 to evaluate the effects of SATB1-siRNA on cell prolif...
Source: Cancer Cell International - February 5, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Bo HuangHongli ZhouXiaodong WangZhiliang Liu Source Type: research

Levels of Beta-Microseminoprotein in Blood and Risk of Prostate Cancer in Multiple Populations
Conclusions Regardless of race and ethnicity or rs10993994 genotype, men with low blood levels of MSP have increased risk of prostate cancer.
Source: JNCI - February 5, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Haiman, C. A., Stram, D. O., Vickers, A. J., Wilkens, L. R., Braun, K., Valtonen-Andre, C., Peltola, M., Pettersson, K., Waters, K. M., Marchand, L. L., Kolonel, L. N., Henderson, B. E., Lilja, H. Tags: Article Source Type: research

Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Risk of Breast Cancer by Hormone Receptor Status
Conclusions We observed no association between total fruit and vegetable intake and risk of overall breast cancer. However, vegetable consumption was inversely associated with risk of ER– breast cancer in our large pooled analyses.
Source: JNCI - February 5, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jung, S., Spiegelman, D., Baglietto, L., Bernstein, L., Boggs, D. A., van den Brandt, P. A., Buring, J. E., Cerhan, J. R., Gaudet, M. M., Giles, G. G., Goodman, G., Hakansson, N., Hankinson, S. E., Helzlsouer, K., Horn-Ross, P. L., Inoue, M., Krogh, V., L Tags: Article Source Type: research

Antitumor Activity of a Monoclonal Antibody Targeting Major Histocompatibility Complex Class I-Her2 Peptide Complexes
Conclusion The TCRm RL1B could be a new approach to immunotherapy of Her2-expressing malignancies.
Source: JNCI - February 5, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jain, R., Rawat, A., Verma, B., Markiewski, M. M., Weidanz, J. A. Tags: Article Source Type: research

Annual Report to the Nation on the Status of Cancer, 1975-2009, Featuring the Burden and Trends in Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-Associated Cancers and HPV Vaccination Coverage Levels
Conclusions The overall trends in declining cancer death rates continue. However, increases in incidence rates for some HPV-associated cancers and low vaccination coverage among adolescents underscore the need for additional prevention efforts for HPV-associated cancers, including efforts to increase vaccination coverage.
Source: JNCI - February 5, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jemal, A., Simard, E. P., Dorell, C., Noone, A.-M., Markowitz, L. E., Kohler, B., Eheman, C., Saraiya, M., Bandi, P., Saslow, D., Cronin, K. A., Watson, M., Schiffman, M., Henley, S. J., Schymura, M. J., Anderson, R. N., Yankey, D., Edwards, B. K. Tags: Article Source Type: research

Seroprevalence of chlamydial infection in dairy cattle in Guangzhou, southern China
The objective of the present investigation was to examine the chlamydial seroprevalence in dairy cattle in Guangzhou, subtropical southern China by using an indirect hemagglutination assay (IHA). The overall seroprevalence of chlamydial infection in dairy cattle was 7.25% (29/400). Greater than or equal to eight-yr-old dairy cattle had the highest seroprevalence (10.34%), followed by those that were >= 6 years old or < 7 years old dairy cattle (10.20%), although there were no statistically significant differences among different groups (P > 0.05). Dairy cattle with 5 pregnancies had the highest seroprevalence (10.81%). The...
Source: BioMed Central - February 4, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Dong-Hui ZhouFu-Rong ZhaoHui-Yan XiaMin-Jun XuSi-Yang HuangHui-Qun SongXing-Quan Zhu Source Type: research

Reproducibility of the WHO classification of thymomas: Practical implications
Conclusions: In this study, the agreement on WHO classification of thymomas was only moderate and this impacted on patients management. Web consensus conference on the diagnosis, more stringent diagnostic criteria or the adoption of referral diagnostic centres may substantially reduce discrepancies.
Source: Lung Cancer - February 4, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: P.A. Zucali, L. Di Tommaso, I. Petrini, S. Battista, H.S. Lee, M. Merino, E. Lorenzi, E. Voulaz, F. De Vincenzo, M. Simonelli, M. Roncalli, L. Giordano, M. Alloisio, A. Santoro, G. Giaccone Tags: Diagnosis and pathology Source Type: research

Building a Knowledge-Based Statistical Potential by Capturing High-Order Inter-residue Interactions and its Applications in Protein Secondary Structure Assessment
Journal of Chemical Information and ModelingDOI: 10.1021/ci300207x
Source: Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling - February 4, 2013 Category: Chemistry Authors: Yaohang Li, Hui Liu, Ionel Rata and Eric Jakobsson Source Type: research

Growth Differentiation Factor 15: A Novel Risk Marker Adjunct to the EuroSCORE for Risk Stratification in Cardiac Surgery Patients
ConclusionsThe pre-operative plasma GDF-15 level is an independent predictor of post-operative mortality and morbidity in cardiac surgery patients, can further stratify beyond established risk scores and cardiovascular markers, and thus adds important additional information for risk stratification in these patients. (The Usefulness of Growth Differentiation Factor 15 [GDF-15] for Risk Stratification in Cardiac Surgery; NCT01166360).
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions - February 4, 2013 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Discontinuation of Rivaroxaban Filling in the Gaps ⁎ ⁎
Late in 2011, rivaroxaban became the first factor Xa inhibitor to receive regulatory approval for the prevention of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), based largely on the results of the phase III ROCKET AF (Rivaroxaban Once-Daily, Oral, Direct Factor Xa Inhibition Compared with Vitamin K Antagonism for Prevention of Stroke and Embolism Trial in Atrial Fibrillation) trial (1), which enrolled 14,264 patients in a double-blind, double-dummy design. The ROCKET AF trial clearly established the noninferiority of rivaroxaban compared with warfarin for the primary endpoint of stroke or systemic embolism. The superi...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions - February 4, 2013 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Sudden death at the wheel due to a disease attack.
Conclusion: A disease attack while driving is a relatively common cause of death on the road. Severe injuries may mask the role of an initial disease attack. This hypothesis is supported by the data collected on sleeping and background accidents. Thus, the drivers' disease attacks might have an even broader impact than initially assumed. Monitoring driver health and recognizing comorbidity problems could play a large role in the promotion of road safety. The current method of monitoring the fitness to drive and producing accident statistics should be reevaluated. PMID: 23343022 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - February 4, 2013 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Tervo T, Räty E, Sulander P, Holopainen JM, Jaakkola T, Parkkari K Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: research

Uncertainty analysis of accident notification time and emergency medical service response time in work zone traffic accidents.
Conclusions: To shorten the ANT and the EMS response time, work zone activities are suggested to be undertaken during non-holidays, during the daytime, and in good weather and light conditions. PMID: 23343024 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - February 4, 2013 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Meng Q, Weng J Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: research

Safety evaluation of daidzein in laying hens: Part I. Effects on laying performance, clinical blood parameters, and organs development.
Abstract Daidzein, an estrogen-like product, becomes increasingly popular as a dietary supplement, particularly for postpeak-estrus animals seeking a safe natural alternative to play a role of estrogen. However, there is little available safety data of it for raisers and consumers. A subchronic laying hen safety study was conducted to examine if the high-dose daidzein could affect the safety of hens selves, including laying performance, clinical blood parameters and organs development. Seven hundred and sixty-eight 56-week-old Hyline Brown were randomly assigned to 4 groups with 8 replicates of 24 birds each and 3w...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - February 4, 2013 Category: Food Science Authors: Shi SR, Gu H, Chang LL, Wang ZY, Tong HB, Zou JM Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

Essential trace and toxic element concentrations in organic and conventional milk in NW Spain.
This study evaluates the main essential trace (Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, I, Mn, Mo, Ni, Se and Zn) and toxic (As, Cd, Hg and Pb) element concentrations in milk from organic and conventional farms in NW Spain (n=50). Milk samples were acid digested and analyzed by ICP-MS. Essential trace element concentrations in organic milk were significantly lower compared to conventional milk, this was especially evident for elements that are routinely supplemented at high concentrations in the conventional concentrate feed: Cu (41.0 and 68.9μg/L in organic and conventional milk, respectively), Zn (3326 and 3933μg/L), I (78 and 265μg/L) and Se...
Source: Food and Chemical Toxicology - February 4, 2013 Category: Food Science Authors: Rey Crespo F, Miranda M, López-Alonso M Tags: Food Chem Toxicol Source Type: research

On the number of different dynamics in Boolean networks with deterministic update schedules.
Abstract Deterministic Boolean networks are a type of discrete dynamical systems widely used in the modeling of genetic networks. The dynamics of such systems is characterized by the local activation functions and the update schedule, i.e., the order in which the nodes are updated. In this paper, we address the problem of knowing the different dynamics of a Boolean network when the update schedule is changed. We begin by proving that the problem of the existence of a pair of update schedules with different dynamics is NP-complete. However, we show that certain structural properties of the interaction digraph are su...
Source: Mathematical Biosciences - February 4, 2013 Category: Statistics Authors: Aracena J, Demongeot J, Fanchon E, Montalva M Tags: Math Biosci Source Type: research

An elevated serum miR-141 level in patients with bone-metastatic prostate cancer is correlated with more bone lesions.
Abstract The skeleton is the most common metastatic organ in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). Non-invasive biomarkers that can facilitate the detection and monitoring of bone metastases are highly desirable. We designed this study to assess the expression patterns of serum miR-141 in patients with bone-metastatic PCa. Serum samples were collected to measure the miR-141 level in 56 patients, including six with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 20 with localized PCa and 30 with bone-metastatic PCa (10 with hormone-naive PCa, 10 with hormone-sensitive PCa and 10 with hormone-refractory PCa). A bone scan was perf...
Source: Asian Journal of Andrology - February 4, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Zhang HL, Qin XJ, Cao DL, Zhu Y, Yao XD, Zhang SL, Dai B, Ye DW Tags: Asian J Androl Source Type: research

Conventional xylene and xylene-free methods for routine histopathological preparation of tissue sections.
Abstract Xylene customarily has been used as a clearing agent for routine tissue processing. Because xylene is a relatively hazardous solvent, laboratories are under pressure to seek less toxic alternatives for routine use. We prepared 30 paired soft tissue specimens for routine histopathological evaluation using conventional xylene and xylene-free methods to evaluate and compare their efficacy for fixation, processing, embedding, staining and turnaround time. All specimens were measured before and after processing. Three pathologists evaluated and scored the histological sections. Tissue shrinkage was greater when...
Source: Biotechnic and Histochemistry - February 4, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Metgud R, Astekar M, Soni A, Naik S, Vanishree M Tags: Biotech Histochem Source Type: research

Probability of Cavitation for Single Ultrasound Pulses Applied to Tissues and Tissue-Mimicking Materials
In this study, the negative pressure values at which inertial cavitation consistently occurs in response to a single, two-cycle, focused ultrasound pulse were measured in several media relevant to cavitation-based ultrasound therapy. The pulse was focused into a chamber containing one of the media, which included liquids, tissue-mimicking materials, and ex vivo canine tissue. Focal waveforms were measured by two separate techniques using a fiber-optic hydrophone. Inertial cavitation was identified by high-speed photography in optically transparent media and an acoustic passive cavitation detector. The probability of cavit...
Source: Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology - February 4, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Adam D. Maxwell, Charles A. Cain, Timothy L. Hall, J. Brian Fowlkes, Zhen Xu Tags: Original Contributions Source Type: research

Functional autonomy, bone mineral density (BMD) and serum osteocalcin levels in older female participants of an aquatic exercise program (AAG)
Abstract: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of an AAG on BMD, osteocalcin and functional autonomy in older women. The sample consisted of eighty-two post-menopausal women with low BMD, randomly divided into two groups: the Aquatic Aerobics Group [AAG; n=42; age: 66.8±4.2years], submitted to two weekly sessions over eight months, and the Control Group (GC; n=42; age: 66.9±3.2years), which did not participate in regular exercise. BMD was measured by Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry [DXA] of the lumbar and femur, and serum osteocalcin was measured using electrochemiluminescence. A functional autonomy ...
Source: Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics - February 4, 2013 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Carlos Soares Pernambuco, Claudio Joaquim Borba-Pinheiro, Rodrigo Gomes de Souza Vale, Fabrizio Di Masi, Paola Karynne Pinheiro Monteiro, Estelio H.M. Dantas Source Type: research

White matter microstructure in body dysmorphic disorder and its clinicalcorrelates
Abstract: Body dysmorphic disorder (BDD) is characterized by an often-delusional preoccupation with misperceived defects of appearance, causing significant distress and disability. Although previous studies have found functional abnormalities in visual processing, frontostriatal, and limbic systems, no study to date has investigated the microstructure of white matter connecting these systems in BDD. Participants comprised 14 medication-free individuals with BDD and 16 healthy controls who were scanned using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We utilized probabilistic tractography to reconstruct tracts of ...
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - February 4, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jamie D. Feusner, Donatello Arienzo, Wei Li, Liang Zhan, Johnson GadElkarim, Paul M. Thompson, Alex D. Leow Tags: Diffusion tensor imaging Source Type: research

Different Effects of Clopidogrel and Clarithromycin on the Enantioselective Pharmacokinetics of Sibutramine and its Active Metabolites in Healthy Subjects.
In this study, we assessed the effects of clopidogrel and clarithromycin, known CYP2B6 and CYP3A inhibitors, respectively, on the enantioselective disposition of racemic sibutramine in conjunction with CYP2B6 polymorphisms in humans. Sibutramine showed enantioselective plasma profiles with consistently higher concentrations of R-enantiomers. Clopidogrel and clarithromycin significantly increased the sibutramine plasma concentration, but their effects differed between enantiomers; a 2.2-fold versus 4.1-fold increase in the AUC in S-enantiomer and 1.8-fold versus 2.0-fold for the R-enantiomer, respectively. The AUCs of S- an...
Source: The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology - February 4, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Shinde DD, Kim HS, Choi JS, Pan W, Bae SK, Yeo CW, Shon JH, Kim DH, Shin JG Tags: J Clin Pharmacol Source Type: research

Insertion torque, pull-out strength and cortical bone thickness in contact with orthodontic mini-implants at different insertion angles.
This study aimed to evaluate biomechanical behaviour of inclined orthodontic mini-implants by analyzing its insertion torque (IT), axial pull-out strength (APS), and cortical bone thickness in contact with mini-implant (CBTC). A total of 102 mini-implants were inserted at 90 degree, 60 degree, and 45 degree to the surface of synthetic bone. Peak IT was measured, and the mini-implants were aligned with the mechanical testing machine to record the APS. The cortical bone thickness in contact with each mini-implant was measured after the pull-out test and the data were subjected to statistical analyses. The 45 degree group had...
Source: European Journal of Orthodontics - February 4, 2013 Category: Dentistry Authors: Meira TM, Tanaka OM, Ronsani MM, Maruo IT, Guariza-Filho O, Camargo ES, Maruo H Tags: Eur J Orthod Source Type: research

Prolonged Overall Survival After Pulmonary Metastasectomy in Patients With Breast Cancer.
CONCLUSIONS: OS in patients with isolated pulmonary primary BC metastasis is prolonged by metastasectomy. Patients with multiple pulmonary lesions or metastases with negative hormone receptor (HR) status are at greater risk of disease relapse and should be followed closely. Moreover, additive treatment tailored to the biological subtype defined by HR expression should be considered for this group. PMID: 23391172 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery - February 4, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Meimarakis G, Rüttinger D, Stemmler J, Crispin A, Weidenhagen R, Angele M, Fertmann J, Hatz RA, Winter H Tags: Ann Thorac Surg Source Type: research

Electronic portal imaging registration in breast cancer radiotherapy verification: Analysis of inter-observer agreement among different categories of health practitioners.
Abstract Electronic portal imaging (EPI) is commonly used to identify and correct for inter-fraction variability in tangential breast irradiation. Based on the institutional policy, EPI registration is performed by either radiation oncologist or therapist. Little data is available on the inter-observer agreement in EPI registration among different health practitioners. The aim of our study was to analyze inter-observer agreement among radiation oncologists and therapists in the evaluation of EPI for breast cancer radiotherapy verification. EPI data of 40 patients treated with tangential fields were independently re...
Source: Neoplasma - February 4, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jereczek-Fossa BA, Santoro L, Colangione SP, Morselli L, Fodor C, Vischioni B, Rozza D, Leppa A, Cambria R, Leonardi MC, Morra A, Baroni G, Zurrida S, Orecchia R Tags: Neoplasma Source Type: research

Assessing the WHO 50% Prevalence Threshold in School-Aged Children as Indication for Treatment of Urogenital Schistosomiasis in Adults in Central Nigeria.
This study ascertained the value of this threshold in predicting prevalence and intensity of Schistosoma hematobium (SH) infection in adults in central Nigeria. We evaluated urogenital schistosomiasis prevalence in 1,164 adults: 659 adults in 12 communities where mean hematuria among SAC in 2008 was 26.6% and 505 adults in 7 communities where the mean hematuria among SAC in 2008 was 70.4%. No statistically significant differences were found between the two groups of adults in prevalence of hematuria, prevalence of SH eggs, or intensity of infections. We conclude that, in this setting, the SAC threshold is not useful for tr...
Source: The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - February 4, 2013 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Evans DS, King JD, Eigege A, Umaru J, Adamani W, Alphonsus K, Sambo Y, Miri ES, Goshit D, Ogah G, Richards FO Tags: Am J Trop Med Hyg Source Type: research

Variation in residential radon levels in new Danish homes
In this study, radon levels were generally low, but we found that 14 (7%) of the 200 new homes had indoor radon levels over 100 Bq/m3. More work is needed to determine the determinants of indoor radon.
Source: Indoor Air - February 4, 2013 Category: Occupational Health Authors: E. V. Bräuner, T. V. Rasmussen, L. Gunnarsen Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Iatrogenic splenectomy during nephrectomy for renal tumors
ConclusionsIatrogenic splenectomy is a rare complication during nephrectomy and is associated with locally advanced tumors (≥pT3). It also carries prognostic significance for adverse perioperative outcomes and possibly diminished survival, although this warrants further study.
Source: International Journal of Urology - February 4, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Jeffrey K Wang, Matthew K Tollefson, Simon P Kim, Stephen A Boorjian, Bradley C Leibovich, Christine M Lohse, John C Cheville, R Houston Thompson Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Do male secondary sexual characters signal ejaculate quality? A meta-analysis.
Abstract There are two reasons why researchers are interested in the phenotypic relationship between the expression of male secondary sexual characters (SSCs) and 'ejaculate quality' (defined as sperm/ejaculate traits that are widely assumed to increase female fertility and/or sperm competitiveness). First, if the relationship is positive then females could gain a direct benefit by choosing more attractive males for fertility assurance reasons ('the phenotype-linked fertility' hypothesis). Second, there is much interest in the direction of the correlation between traits favoured by pre-copulatory sexual selection (...
Source: Biological Reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society - February 4, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Mautz BS, Møller AP, Jennions MD Tags: Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc Source Type: research

An Application of Targeted Maximum Likelihood Estimation to the Meta‐Analysis of Safety Data
This article illustrates how targeted maximum likelihood estimation (TMLE) can be applied in a meta‐analysis to reduce bias in causal effect estimates, and compares performance with other estimators in the literature. A simulation study in which missingness in the outcome is at random or completely at random highlights the differences in estimators with respect to the potential gains in bias and efficiency. Risk difference, relative risk, and odds ratio of the effect of treatment on 30‐day mortality are estimated from data from eight randomized controlled trials. When an outcome event is rare there may be little opport...
Source: Biometrics - February 4, 2013 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Susan Gruber, Mark J. van der Laan Source Type: research

Estimation of False Discovery Rate Using Sequential Permutation p‐Values
Summary. We consider the problem of testing each of m null hypotheses with a sequential permutation procedure in which the number of draws from the permutation distribution of each test statistic is a random variable. Each sequential permutation p‐value has a null distribution that is nonuniform on a discrete support. We show how to use a collection of such p‐values to estimate the number of true null hypotheses m0 among the m null hypotheses tested and how to estimate the false discovery rate (FDR) associated with p‐value significance thresholds. We use real data analyses and simulation studies to evaluate and il...
Source: Biometrics - February 4, 2013 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Tim Bancroft, Chuanlong Du, Dan Nettleton Source Type: research

Class of Multiple Sequence Alignment Algorithm Affects Genomic Analysis
In this study, we examine further the problem of disagreements between MSA algorithms and how they affect downstream analyses. We also investigate whether integrating across alignment uncertainty affects downstream analyses. We address these questions by analyzing 200 chordate gene families, with properties reflecting those used in large-scale genomic analyses. We find that newly developed distance metrics reveal two significantly different classes of MSA methods (MSAMs). The similarity-based class includes progressive aligners and consistency aligners, representing many methodological innovations for sequence alignment, w...
Source: Molecular Biology and Evolution - February 4, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Blackburne, B. P., Whelan, S. Tags: Methods Source Type: research

PRISM offers a comprehensive genomic approach to transcription factor function prediction [RESOURCES]
The human genome encodes 1,500-2,000 different transcription factors (TFs). ChIP-seq is revealing the global binding profiles of a fraction of TFs in a fraction of their biological contexts. These data show that the majority of TFs bind directly next to a large number of context relevant target genes, that most binding is distal, and that binding is context specific. Because of the effort and cost involved, ChIP-seq is seldom used in search of novel TF function. Such exploration is instead done using expression perturbation and genetic screens. Here we propose a comprehensive computational framework for transcription facto...
Source: Genome Research - February 4, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Wenger, A. M., Clarke, S. L., Guturu, H., Chen, J., Schaar, B. T., McLean, C. Y., Bejerano, G. Tags: RESOURCES Source Type: research

Effect of a proprietary intraluminal stiffening wire device on cecal intubation time and rate with used colonoscopes; a randomized, controlled trial
Conclusions: Routine application of either stiffening wire does not improve caecal intubation rate nor time compared to the unaided colonoscope. However, application of the stiffening wires after intractable failure of the unaided colonoscope enabled a statistically significant improvement in cecal intubation rate.Trial Registration: clinicaltrials.gov Identifier: NCT01115010
Source: BMC Research Notes - February 4, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Jeffrey East Source Type: research

Differential Correlations of Digit Ratio (2D:4D) with Aggressive Dominance and Sociable Dominance Are Not Demonstrated: Commentary on van der Meij, Almela, Buunk, Dubbs, and Salvador (2012, Aggressive Behavior, 38(3), 208–212)
Abstract Van der Meij, Almela, Buunk, Dubbs, and Salvador reported that, among young men (N = 84), a putative biomarker for prenatal androgen exposure (second‐to‐fourth digit ratio; 2D:4D) correlated negatively to self‐reported aggressive dominance, but not to sociable dominance. A critical examination of this allegedly differential effect shows it to be unsupported and unlikely to be replicable. Statistical power of the sample was so low that the nominally significant correlation coefficient with aggressive dominance and the nominally not significant one with sociable dominance actually did not differ significan...
Source: Aggressive Behavior - February 4, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Martin Voracek Tags: Commentary Source Type: research

Correct effect size estimates for strength of association statistics: Comment on Odgaard and Fowler (2010).
Odgaard and Fowler (2010) articulated the importance of reporting confidence intervals (CIs) on effect size estimates, and they provided useful formulas for doing so. However, one of their reported formulas, pertaining to the calculation of CIs on strength of association effect sizes (e.g., R² or η²), is erroneous. This comment identifies the error and provides 2 accurate alternatives. An illustration is presented, and the importance of authors' specification of their chosen CI estimation formula is asserted. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology - February 4, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Lerner, Matthew D.; Mikami, Amori Yee Source Type: research

Telephone-based physical activity counseling for major depression in people with multiple sclerosis.
Conclusions: Telephone-based physical activity promotion represents a promising approach to treating MDD in MS. Further research is warranted on ways to bolster the impact of the intervention and on mediators of the treatment effect. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology - February 4, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Bombardier, Charles H.; Ehde, Dawn M.; Gibbons, Laura E.; Wadhwani, Roini; Sullivan, Mark D.; Rosenberg, Dori E.; Kraft, George H. Source Type: research

Component alignment and functional outcome following computer assisted and jig based total knee arthroplasty
Conclusions: A significantly improved placement of the component was found in the coronal and sagittal planes of the tibial component by CAS. The placement of the components in the other planes was comparable with the values recorded in the jig-based surgery group. Functional outcome was not significantly different.
Source: Table of Contents : Indian Journal of Orthopaedics : 2007 - 41(1) - February 4, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Dnyanesh G LadJai ThilakMohan Thadi Source Type: research

Effect of total knee arthroplasty on type II diabetes mellitus and hypertension: A prospective study
Conclusions: Authors are of the opinion that successful total knee replacement results in increased physical activity and reduces blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) in hypertensives. However, the same is not seen in blood glucose level. Increased physical activity and reduced dependence on NSAIDS postoperatively, may be contributing in reduction of systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Further studies in this aspect are necessary.
Source: Table of Contents : Indian Journal of Orthopaedics : 2007 - 41(1) - February 4, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Shrinand V VaidyaArvind AroraAmbarish A Mathesul Source Type: research

Correlation of posterior tibial slope with metaphysio-diaphyseal angle in total knee arthroplasty: A radiological study
Conclusions: The study establishes the positive correlation between MDA and PTS in Indians; and that MDA is an independent factor affecting accuracy of extramedullary jigs in TKA.
Source: Table of Contents : Indian Journal of Orthopaedics : 2007 - 41(1) - February 4, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Shubhranshu S MohantyNandan N RaoKumar K DashSunil K Bhosale Source Type: research

Factors affecting range of motion in total knee arthroplasty using high flexion prosthesis: A prospective study
Conclusion: Preoperative ROM and preoperative functional status are the most important factors affecting final range. Patients should be counseled accordingly and made to understand these factors.
Source: Table of Contents : Indian Journal of Orthopaedics : 2007 - 41(1) - February 4, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Kantilal H SanchetiParag K SanchetiAshok K ShyamRajeev JoshiKailash PatilAnubhav Jain Source Type: research

Outcome of subvastus approach in elderly nonobese patients undergoing bilateral simultaneous total knee arthroplasty: A randomized controlled study
Conclusions: Subvastus approach produce appreciably less pain and faster mobilization due to lesser insult to quadriceps, thus assisting in early rehabilitation, shorter hospital stay, less expenditure, and more patient satisfaction.
Source: Table of Contents : Indian Journal of Orthopaedics : 2007 - 41(1) - February 4, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Sanjeev JainSandeep WasnikAmber MittalChintan Hegde Source Type: research

Influence of bilateral sequential total knee arthroplasty on functional recovery
Conclusion: The early functional recovery of bilateral TKA patient lags behind that of unilateral TKA patient for the first 5 days, becomes equal by the 14 th day and remains equal till 1 year after surgery. Bilateral TKA patients regain their preoperative functional status by 6 weeks against 3 months for unilateral TKA. The operative status of the contralateral knee makes no difference to early functional recovery after unilateral TKA. With bilateral TKA, there is no difference in pain and ROM parameters.
Source: Table of Contents : Indian Journal of Orthopaedics : 2007 - 41(1) - February 4, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Rajesh N ManiarJayesh V BaviskarTushar SinghiParul ManiarRavi Nayak Source Type: research

Tibial cleaning method for cemented total knee arthroplasty: An experimental study
Conclusion: The results supports the use of pulsatile jet-lavage before cementing tibial components in knee arthroplasty.
Source: Table of Contents : Indian Journal of Orthopaedics : 2007 - 41(1) - February 4, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Peter HelwigLukas KonstantinidisAnja HirschmüllerVerena MiltenbergerKerstin KuminackNorbert P SüdkampOliver Hauschild Source Type: research

Single indications of induction of labor with prostaglandins and risk of cesarean delivery: A retrospective cohort study
ConclusionCesarean delivery rate is not significantly influenced by any indication of induction of labor with prostaglandins, except for prolonged pregnancy. Elective induction is associated with the lowest risk of cesarean section. Increasing maternal age, low parity, low Bishop score and low duration of labor are at higher risk of cesarean section.
Source: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research - February 4, 2013 Category: OBGYN Authors: Sandro Gerli, Alessandro Favilli, Claudia Giordano, Vittorio Bini, Gian Carlo Di Renzo Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Oxidative damage and inflammation in obese diabetic Emirati subjects supplemented with antioxidants and B-vitamins: a randomized placebo-controlled trail
Conclusions Antioxidants supplementation with B-group vitamins enhances antioxidant capacity, and may have an anti-inflammatory effect in obese diabetic patients.
Source: Nutrition and Metabolism - February 4, 2013 Category: Nutrition Authors: Salah GariballaBachar AfandiMamoon AbuHaltemJaved YassinHosam HabibWissam Ibrahim Source Type: research