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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 11.

How donor organs could soon be made on demand using '3D printers'
Scientists from Edinburgh's Heriot-Watt University have used a 3D printing technique to create embryonic stem cells (pictured) that could be used to grow organs.
Source: the Mail online | Health - February 5, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

New 3D printing technique could speed up progress towards creation of artificial organs
Producing clusters of stem cells could speed up progress towards the creation of artificial organs.
Source: Telegraph Health - February 5, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Research Game Changer Proves That Breast Cancer Stem Cells Can Be Targeted To Stop The Disease From Returning And Spreading
In a significant breakthrough, published last week, scientists prove for the first time that breast cancer stem cells, the driving force of a tumour, can be targeted in cells from patients; an approach that could increase the chances of survival for women with aggressive breast cancers...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 5, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Breast Cancer Source Type: news

A Gut Feeling About Neural Stem Cells
Proper function of the digestive system requires coordinated contraction of the muscle in the wall of the intestinal tract, regulated by the enteric nervous system. Damage or loss of these neurons can result in intestinal motility disorders, such as Hirschsprung's disease, for which there is a dearth of effective treatments. In principle, disorders of the enteric nervous system could be treated by cell therapy, but it was previously unknown whether transplanted stem cells could migrate to the appropriate location in the gut and then become neurons that could properly innervate the bowel...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 5, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Neurology / Neuroscience Source Type: news

Discovery Opens The Door To A Potential 'Molecular Fountain Of Youth'
A new study led by researchers at the University of California, Berkeley, represents a major advance in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind aging while providing new hope for the development of targeted treatments for age-related degenerative diseases. Researchers were able to turn back the molecular clock by infusing the blood stem cells of old mice with a longevity gene and rejuvenating the aged stem cells' regenerative potential. The findings were published online Thursday, Jan. 31, in the journal Cell Reports...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 5, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Seniors / Aging Source Type: news

Diabetes Distresses Bone Marrow Stem Cells By Damaging Their Microenvironment
New research has shown the presence of a disease affecting small blood vessels, known as microangiopathy, in the bone marrow of diabetic patients. While it is well known that microangiopathy is the cause of renal damage, blindness and heart attacks in patients with diabetes, this is the first time that a reduction of the smallest blood vessels has been shown in bone marrow, the tissue contained inside the bones and the main source of stem cells. These precious cells not only replace old blood cells but also exert an important reparative function after acute injuries and heart attacks...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 5, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Diabetes Source Type: news

Lipid metabolism greases the stem cell engine.
Abstract Metabolic plasticity is increasingly postulated to be vital in the transition between stemness maintenance and lineage specification. Knobloch et al. (2012) now demonstrate that regulation of lipogenesis by fatty acid synthase and Spot14-dependent malonyl-CoA supply determines the proliferative activity of resident neural stem cells, contributing to adult neurogenesis. PMID: 23395162 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cell Metabolism - February 5, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Folmes CD, Park S, Terzic A Tags: Cell Metab Source Type: research

MicroRNA-133 Controls Brown Adipose Determination in Skeletal Muscle Satellite Cells by Targeting Prdm16.
Abstract Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is an energy-dispensing thermogenic tissue that plays an important role in balancing energy metabolism. Lineage-tracing experiments indicate that brown adipocytes are derived from myogenic progenitors during embryonic development. However, adult skeletal muscle stem cells (satellite cells) have long been considered uniformly determined toward the myogenic lineage. Here, we report that adult satellite cells give rise to brown adipocytes and that microRNA-133 regulates the choice between myogenic and brown adipose determination by targeting the 3'UTR of Prdm16. Antagonism of microR...
Source: Cell Metabolism - February 5, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Yin H, Pasut A, Soleimani VD, Bentzinger CF, Antoun G, Thorn S, Seale P, Fernando P, van Ijcken W, Grosveld F, Dekemp RA, Boushel R, Harper ME, Rudnicki MA Tags: Cell Metab Source Type: research

Therapeutic Potential of Human-induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Mice with Lethal Fulminant Hepatic Failure.
In conclusion, our results have demonstrated that hiPSC-MSCs might be valuable appropriate alternatives for hBM-MSCs in FHF liver repair and support liver function by cell therapy with a large-scale production capacity, patient-specific nature and no invasive MSC harvesting. PMID: 23394436 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cell Transplantation - February 5, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Moslem M, Valojerdi MR, Pournasr B, Muhammadnejad A, Baharvand H Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Enhanced Bone-forming Activity of Side Population Cells in the Periodontal Ligament.
Abstract Regeneration of alveolar bone is critical for the successful treatment of periodontal diseases. The periodontal ligament (PDL) has been widely investigated as a source of cells for the regeneration of periodontal tissues. In the present study, to develop an effective strategy for alveolar bone regeneration, we examined the osteogenic potential of side population (SP) cells which stem cell has been shown to be highly abundant in several kinds of tissues, in PDL cells. Isolated SP cells from the rat PDL exhibited superior ability to differentiate into osteoblastic cells compared with non-SP (NSP) and unsorte...
Source: Cell Transplantation - February 5, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Ninomiya T, Hiraga T, Hosoya A, Ohnuma K, Ito Y, Takahashi M, Ito S, Asashima M, Nakamura H Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Moderation of Arabidopsis Root Stemness by CLAVATA1 and ARABIDOPSIS CRINKLY4 Receptor Kinase Complexes.
CONCLUSIONS: We hypothesize that these homo- and heteromeric complexes may differentially regulate distal root meristem maintenance. We conclude that essential components of the ancestral shoot stemness regulatory system also act in the root and that the specific interaction of CLV1 with ACR4 serves to moderate and control stemness homeostasis in the root meristem. The structural differences between these two meristem types may have necessitated this recruitment of ACR4 for signaling by CLV1. PMID: 23394827 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Biology - February 5, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Stahl Y, Grabowski S, Bleckmann A, Kühnemuth R, Weidtkamp-Peters S, Pinto KG, Kirschner GK, Schmid JB, Wink RH, Hülsewede A, Felekyan S, Seidel CA, Simon R Tags: Curr Biol Source Type: research

Novel alginate three-dimensional static and rotating culture systems for effective ex vivo amplification of human cord blood hematopoietic stem cells and in vivo functional analysis of amplified cells in NOD/SCID mice.
CONCLUSION: Our results demonstrated that these 3D alginate culture systems are an efficient way to amplify cord blood HSCs for extended periods without having them lose their self-renewal capacity in vivo. These novel 3D alginate culture systems are promising for the amplification of UCB-derived HSCs for clinical application in the future. PMID: 23384125 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Transfusion - February 5, 2013 Category: Hematology Authors: Yuan Y, Sin WY, Xue B, Ke Y, Tse KT, Chen Z, Xie Y, Xie Y Tags: Transfusion Source Type: research

Hepatocyte growth factor sensitizes brain tumors to c-Met kinase inhibition.
CONCLUSIONS: These findings allow the identification of a subset of patients that will be responsive to c-MET inhibition, and propose ligand pre-treatment as a potential new strategy for improving the anti-cancer efficacy of RTK inhibitors. PMID: 23386689 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Cancer Research - February 5, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Zhang Y, Farenholtz K, Yang Y, Guessous F, Dipierro CG, Calvert V, Deng J, Schiff D, Xin W, Lee J, Purow BW, Christensen JG, Petricoin EF, Abounader R Tags: Clin Cancer Res Source Type: research

Prospects on hESC-derived pancreatic progenitor expansion.
Abstract Successful derivation of pancreatic progenitors from human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) in vitro and further differentiation towards functional β cells in vivo may create the possibility of using hESC-derived pancreatic progenitors (PPs), instead of derived β cells, as an alternative transplantable source in β cell replacement therapy. Here we discuss present approaches, as well as future alternatives, in the fields of basic and clinic research on β cell differentiation, derivation and transplantation. PMID: 23381137 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cell Research - February 5, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Sui L, Liu GH, Belmonte JC Tags: Cell Res Source Type: research

miR-7 Suppresses Brain Metastasis of Breast Cancer Stem-Like Cells By Modulating KLF4.
In this report, we found that CSCs (CD24(-)/CD44(+)/ESA(+)) isolated from metastatic breast cell lines are significantly more metastatic than non-CSC populations in an organ-specific manner. The results of our microRNA (miRNA) profile analysis for these cells revealed that CSCs that are highly metastatic to bone and brain expressed significantly lower level of miR-7 and that this miRNA was capable of modulating one of the essential genes for induced pluripotent stem cell, KLF4. Interestingly, high expression of KLF4 was significantly and inversely correlated to brain but not bone metastasis-free survival of patients with b...
Source: Cell Research - February 5, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Okuda H, Xing F, Pandey PR, Sharma S, Watabe M, Pai SK, Mo YY, Iiizumi-Gairani M, Hirota S, Liu Y, Wu K, Pochampally R, Watabe K Tags: Cancer Res Source Type: research

Advanced transgenic strategies for modification of donor pigs in xenotransplantation
For xenotransplantation diverse rejection mechanisms are much more pronounced as compared to allotransplantation. The usage of genetically modified pigs, however, facilitates tailoring of donor animals for defined purposes (1). Although such genetic modifications were done decades ago, routine generation of transgenic pigs was not performed until somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) was implemented for reproduction of large animals. SCNT avoids the production of mosaic founders and shifted the genetic modification towards the level of pig primary cells and, thus, improved the efficiency of transgenesis as it enables the ge...
Source: Xenotransplantation - February 5, 2013 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Nikolai Klymiuk, Annegret Wünsch, Andrea Bähr, Mayuko Kurome, Barbara Kessler, Eckhard Wolf Source Type: research

GABP controls PRKD2 kinase in HSCs and in CML [Medical Sciences]
Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) are the source of all blood lineages, and HSCs must balance quiescence, self-renewal, and differentiation to meet lifelong needs for blood cell development. Transformation of HSCs by the breakpoint cluster region-ABL tyrosine kinase (BCR-ABL) oncogene causes chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML). The E-twenty six (ets) transcription factor...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 5, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Yang, Z.-F., Zhang, H., Ma, L., Peng, C., Chen, Y., Wang, J., Green, M. R., Li, S., Rosmarin, A. G. Tags: Biological Sciences Source Type: research

The miR-183/96/182 cluster in retinal degeneration [Neuroscience]
The microRNA-183/96/182 cluster is highly expressed in the retina and other sensory organs. To uncover its in vivo functions in the retina, we generated a knockout mouse model, designated “miR-183CGT/GT,” using a gene-trap embryonic stem cell clone. We provide evidence that inactivation of the cluster results in early-onset and progressive...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - February 5, 2013 Category: Science Authors: Lumayag, S., Haldin, C. E., Corbett, N. J., Wahlin, K. J., Cowan, C., Turturro, S., Larsen, P. E., Kovacs, B., Witmer, P. D., Valle, D., Zack, D. J., Nicholson, D. A., Xu, S. Tags: PNAS Plus Source Type: research

Wnt5a signaling mediates biliary differentiation of fetal hepatic stem/progenitor cells
Conclusions: We demonstrate that Wnt5a‐mediated signaling in fetal hepatic stem/progenitor cells suppresses biliary differentiation. We also suggest that activation of CaMKII by Wnt5a signaling suppresses biliary differentiation. (HEPATOLOGY 2013.)
Source: Hepatology - February 5, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Kei Kiyohashi, Sei Kakinuma, Akihide Kamiya, Naoya Sakamoto, Sayuri Nitta, Hideto Yamanaka, Kouhei Yoshino, Junko Fijuki, Miyako Murakawa, Akiko Kusano‐Kitazume, Hiromichi Shimizu, Ryuichi Okamoto, Seishin Azuma, Mina Nakagawa, Yasuhiro Asahina, Naoki T Tags: Liver Biology and Pathobiology Source Type: research

Cost utility analysis of reduced intensity hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in adolescence and young adult with severe thalassemia compared to hypertransfusion and iron chelation program
Conclusion: At a societal willingness to pay of 1 GDP per capita, RI-HSCT was a cost-effective treatment for adolescent and young adult with severe thalassemia in Thailand compared to BT-ICT.
Source: BMC Health Services Research - February 5, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Rosarin SruamsiriNathorn ChaiyakunaprukSamart PakakasamaSomtawin SirireungNintita SripaiboonkijUdomsak BunworasateSuradej Hongeng Source Type: research

Validation of the M. D. Anderson symptom inventory multiple myeloma module
Conclusion: The MDASI-MM is a valid, reliable, comprehensive-yet-concise tool that is recommended as a uniform symptom assessment instrument for patients with MM.
Source: Journal of Hematology and Oncology - February 5, 2013 Category: Hematology Authors: Desiree JonesElisabeth VichayaXin Shelley WangLoretta WilliamsNina ShahSheeba ThomasValen JohnsonRichard ChamplinCharles CleelandTito Mendoza Source Type: research

Tacrolimus‐associated posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in hematopoietic allogeneic stem cell transplantation
Abstract Tacrolimus‐associated posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is a potential complication of allogeneic SCT. Due to the paucity of information on the management of PRES in SCT patients receiving tacrolimus, more information is needed on trends associated with the incidence of PRES and to characterize its management. A retrospective review was conducted of patients receiving tacrolimus for prevention of GVHD after allogeneic SCT who developed PRES from September 2008 to July 2011. Nineteen patients were identified. Altered mental status, seizures, and visual abnormalities were experienced by 78.9%, 52...
Source: American Journal of Hematology - February 5, 2013 Category: Hematology Authors: Aimee E Hammerstrom, Joshua Howell, Alison Gulbis, Gabriela Rondon, Richard E. Champlin, Uday Popat Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Notch-directed microenvironment reprogramming in myeloma: a single path to multiple outcomes
& R Chiaramonte
Source: Leukemia - February 5, 2013 Category: Hematology Authors: M ColomboL MirandolaN PlatonovaL ApicellaA BasileA J FigueroaE CobosM Chiriva-InternatiR Chiaramonte Tags: multiple myeloma Notch adhesion angiogenesis osteolysis cancer stem cells Source Type: research

Liver Tissue Engineering & Cell Sources: Issues and Challenges
Abstract Liver diseases are of major concern as they now account for millions of deaths annually. Due to the increased incidence of liver disease, many patients die on the transplant waiting list, before a donor organ becomes available. To meet the huge demand for donor liver, alternative approaches using liver tissue engineering principles are being actively pursued. Even though adult hepatocytes, the primary cells of the liver are most preferred for tissue engineering of liver, their limited availability, lack of in vitro propagation and deterioration of function acts as a major drawback to their use. Various approaches ...
Source: Liver International - February 5, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Anwar A. Palakkan, David C Hay, Anil. K. PR, Kumary TV, James A. Ross Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Up-regulated microRNA-143 in cancer stem cells differentiation promotes prostate cancer cells metastasis by modulating FNDC3B expression
Conclusions: These data demonstrate for the first time that miR-143 was up-regulated during the differentiation of prostate cancer stem cells and promoted prostate cancer metastasis by repressing FNDC3B expression. This sheds a new insight into the post-transcriptional regulation of cancer stem cells differentiation by miRNAs, a potential approach for the treatment of prostate cancer.
Source: BMC Cancer - February 5, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Xinlan FanXu ChenWeixi DengGuangzheng ZhongQingqing CaiTianxin Lin Source Type: research

Corticotropin-releasing hormone exerts direct effects on neuronal progenitor cells: implications for neuroprotection
& K P Karalis
Source: Molecular Psychiatry - February 5, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Y KoutmaniP K PolitisM ElkourisG AgrogiannisM KemerliE PatsourisE RemboutsikaK P Karalis Tags: adult CRH/CRF neurogenesis neuronal progenitors stem cells stress Source Type: research

£6.5M in funding to help manufacture the drugs of the future
(Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council) More than £6M of funding has been awarded to enhance the development of biopharmaceuticals. In total £6.5M will fund 12 projects to deliver commercially important results, such as industrial-scale production of antibodies, stem cell preservation at room temperature, biopharmaceutical production using microbes and commercial scale stem cell therapy.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - February 5, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Mesenchymal epithelial transition (MET): A developmental biology phenomena recapitulated in vitro for insulin production from non insulin producing cell line, MIA PaCa‐2
Abstract We used non‐insulin producing pancreatic carcinoma cell line, MIA PaCa‐2 and have modulated its culture conditions by using 1% matrigel as extracellular matrix, N2, B27 growth supplements and serum free conditions. Expression of markers was analyzed using qRT‐PCR, immunofluorescence and in vitro functional assay for insulin and C‐peptide release was assessed using insulin and C‐peptide ELISA respectively. The cells grown under this altered culture conditions have exhibited a transition in the morphology from mesenchymal to epithelial with extensive piling up of cells. A reduction in doubling time from 40...
Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry - February 5, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Bipasha Bose, Sudheer Shenoy P Tags: Article Source Type: research

Umbilical Cord Blood-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Inhibit, But Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Promote, Glioblastoma Multiforme Proliferation
Stem Cells and Development , Vol. 0, No. 0.
Source: Stem Cells and Development - February 4, 2013 Category: Stem Cells Tags: article Source Type: research

3-D printing breakthrough with human embryonic stem cells
A team of researchers from Scotland has used a novel 3-D printing technique to arrange human embryonic stem cells for the very first time. Scientists hope that this breakthrough will allow three-dimensional tissues and structures to be created using hESCs, which could, amongst other things, speed up and improve the process of drug testing.
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - February 4, 2013 Category: Science Source Type: news

3D printing used for stem cells
A 3D printing technique that produces stem cells could speed up progress towards making artificial organs, Edinburgh scientists say.
Source: BBC News | Health | UK Edition - February 4, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Need an organ? Just print some stem cells in 3D
Printing blobs of human embryonic stem cells could allow us to grow organs without scaffolds
Source: New Scientist - Health - February 4, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: research

Paired genes in stem cells shed new light on gene organization and regulation
Researchers show that transcription at the active promoters of protein-coding genes commonly runs in opposite directions. This leads to coordinated production of both protein-coding messenger RNAs (mRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs).
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - February 4, 2013 Category: Science Source Type: news

One Of The Key Circuits In Regulating Genes Involved In Producing Blood Stem Cells Is Deciphered
Researchers from the group on stem cells and cancer at IMIM (Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute) have deciphered one of the gene regulation circuits which would make it possible to generate hematopoietic blood cells, i.e. blood tissue stem cells. This finding is essential to generate these cells in a laboratory in the future, a therapy that could benefit patients with leukaemia or other diseases who need a transplant and who, in many cases, do not have a compatible donor...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 4, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Blood / Hematology Source Type: news

Joslin Scientists Find First Human IPSC From Patients With Maturity Onset Diabetes Of The Young
Joslin scientists report the first generation of human induced pluripotent stem cells from patients with an uncommon form of diabetes, maturity onset diabetes of the young (MODY). These cells offer a powerful resource for studying the role of genetic factors in the development of MODY and testing potential treatments. The findings appear in the Journal of Biological Chemistry...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 4, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Diabetes Source Type: news

The male urethra: Spatiotemporal distribution of molecular markers during early development.
Abstract The organogenesis of the male human urethra is still a subject of controversy. Although many studies have been conducted, the mechanisms of urethral development still need further investigation to clarify questions concerning the sequences in its development. Our aim has been to elucidate the spatiotemporal distribution of relevant immunohistochemical indicators during the development of the male urethral epithelium and its adjacent mesenchyme. Therefore, we analyzed male human embryos and foetuses between the 6th and 15th week after fertilization using histological and immunohistochemical methods. Monoclo...
Source: Annals of Anatomy - February 4, 2013 Category: Anatomy Authors: Pechriggl EJ, Bitsche M, Blumer MJ, Fritsch H Tags: Ann Anat Source Type: research

How Recent Advances in High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome Physiopathology May Impact Future Treatments.
Abstract Myelodysplastic Syndromes (MDSs) are clonal hematopoietic stem cell disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis that often develop into acute myeloid leukemia (AML). MDSs are predominant in the elderly with an incidence of 20/100000 at 70 years of age. To date, the only curative treatment is allogeneic stem cell transplantation; however, a majority of patients are not eligible for this therapy. Azacitidine (AZA), a hypomethylating agent, remains the primary treatment for MDS patients, which leads to a significant increase in overall survival (OS), although it is not curative. Although it is well k...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - February 4, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Cluzeau T, Robert G, Jacquel A, Auberger P Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

The Culture-Repopulating Ability Assays and Incubation in Low Oxygen: A Simple Way To Test Drugs on Leukaemia Stem or Progenitor Cells.
Abstract The Culture-Repopulating Ability (CRA) assays is a method to measure in vitro the bone marrow-repopulating potential of haematopoietic cells. The method was developed in our laboratory in the course of studies based on the use of growth factor-supplemented liquid cultures to study hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell resistance to, and selection at, low oxygen tensions in the incubation atmosphere. These studies led us to put forward the first hypothesis of the existence in vivo of hematopoietic stem cell niches where oxygen tension is physiologically lower than in other bone marrow areas. The CRA assays and...
Source: Current Pharmaceutical Design - February 4, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Cipolleschi MG, Rovida E, Sbarba PD Tags: Curr Pharm Des Source Type: research

Stem cell therapy for ischaemic stroke: translation from preclinical studies to clinical treatment.
This article reviews the potential of various types of stem cells, from embryonic to adult to induced pluripotent stem cells, in stroke therapy, highlights new evidence from the ongoing clinical trials and discusses some of the problems associated with translating stem cell technology to a clinical therapy for stroke. PMID: 23394533 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: CNS and Neurological Disorders Drug Targets - February 4, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Balami JS, Fricker RA, Chen R Tags: CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets Source Type: research

Increased Reprogramming of Human Fetal Hepatocytes Compared With Adult Hepatocytes in Feeder-Free Conditions.
We examined the efficiency of reprogramming adult and fetal human hepatocytes. The present studies report the generation of 40 hiPSC lines from primary human hepatocytes under feeder-free conditions. Of these, 37 hiPSC lines were generated from fetal hepatocytes, 2 hiPSC lines from normal hepatocytes and 1 hiPSC line from hepatocytes of a patient with Crigler-Najjar Syndrome, Type-1. All lines were confirmed reprogrammed and expressed markers of pluripotency by gene expression, flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry, and teratoma formation. Fetal hepatocytes were reprogrammed at a frequency over 50-fold higher than adult hepa...
Source: Cell Transplantation - February 4, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Hansel MC, Gramignoli R, Blake W, Davila J, Skvorak K, Dorko K, Tahan V, Lee BR, Tafaleng E, Guzman-Lepe J, Soto-Gutierrez A, Fox IJ, Strom SC Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Human Cord Blood Derived Unrestricted Somatic Stem Cells Promote Wound Healing and Have Therapeutic Potential for Patients With Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa.
Abstract Human umbilical cord blood (CB)-derived unrestricted somatic stem cells (USSCs) have previously been demonstrated to have a broad differentiation potential and regenerative beneficial effects when administered in animal models of multiple degenerative diseases. Here we demonstrated that USSCs could be induced to express genes which hallmark keratinocyte differentiation. We also demonstrated that USSCs express type VII collagen (C7), a protein that is absent or defective in patients with an inherited skin disease, recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB). In mice with full-thickness excisional woun...
Source: Cell Transplantation - February 4, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Liao Y, Itoh M, Yang A, Zhu H, Roberts S, Highet AM, Latshaw S, Mitchell K, van de Ven C, Christiano A, Cairo MS Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Environmental enrichment synergistically improves functional recovery by transplanted adipose stem cells in chronic hypoxic-ischemic brain injury.
In conclusion, EE and ASC transplantation synergistically improved neurobehavioral functions. The underlying mechanisms of this synergism included enhanced repair processes such as higher engraftment of the transplanted ASCs, increased endogenous neurogenesis and astrocytic activation coupled with upregulation of FGF2. PMID: 23394350 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cell Transplantation - February 4, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Seo JH, Kim H, Park ES, Lee JE, Kim DW, Kim HO, Im SH, Yu JH, Kim JY, Lee MY, Kim CH, Cho SR Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Common Expression of Stemness Molecular Markers and Early Cardiac Transcription Factors In Wharton's Jelly-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and hESCs.
Abstract At present, there are still significant problems that impede the clinical use of hESCs and iPS cells，including ethics, immunorejection, tumorigenesis from hESCs and teratoma formation from iPS cells. It is therefore necessary to search for alternative sources of stem cells. WJ-MSCs originate from embryonic epiblasts and possess properties intermediate between hESCs and adult stem cells. However, the stemness properties of molecules in WJ-MSCs remain unclear compared to those of hESCs. In the present study, we isolated WJ-MSCs by a non-enzymatic method. Further, using microarray analysis by Affymetrix Gen...
Source: Cell Transplantation - February 4, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Gao LR, Chen HY, Ding QA, Zhang NK, Wu X, Jiang S, Li TC, Chen Y, Wang ZG, Ye Y, Zhu ZM Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Performance and mechanism of neuroleukin in the growth and survival of Sertoli cell induced-neurons in the co-culture system.
In this study, we showed that approximately 60% of cortical neural stem cells (NSCs) co-cultured with SCs differentiated into mature neurons. In addition, the neurite outgrowth and neuronal survival rates were significantly enhanced in co-culture system compared with differentiated neurons induced by differentiation medium. The Neuroleukin (NLK) secretion of SCs also was identified at the RNA and protein level, and the roles of NLK in neuro-morphology and physiological regulation were systematically investigated for the first time. These results not only highlight the significance of paracrine regulation of NSCs by SCs, bu...
Source: Cell Transplantation - February 4, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Deng L, Shi B, Zhuang Y, Chu J, Shi X, Zhang S, Guo M Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Targeted cell reprogramming produces analgesic chromaffin-like cells from human mesenchymal stem cells.
Abstract Transplantation of allogeneic adrenal chromaffin cells demonstrated the promise of favorable outcomes for pain relief in patients. However, there is a very limited availability of suitable human adrenal gland tissues, genetically well-match donors in particular, to serve as grafts. Xenogeneic materials, such as porcine and bovine adrenal chromaffin cells, present problems, for instance, immune rejection and possible pathogenic contamination. To overcome these challenges, we have tested the novel approach of cell reprogramming to reprogram human bone marrow (BM)-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) using ...
Source: Cell Transplantation - February 4, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Qu T, Shi G, Ma K, Yang HN, Duan WM, Pappas GD Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Transplantation of cyclic stretched fibroblasts accelerates the wound-healing process in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice.
In this study, we found that mechanical strain prevents apoptosis and increases the adhesive ability of dermal fibroblasts in vitro, and thus confers the survival advantage in vivo after transplantation of fibroblasts into the full-thickness wound of diabetic mice. Cyclic stretch at a frequency of 0.5 Hz and maximum elongation of 20% stimulates cellular survival mediated by the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs), and the serine/threonine kinase Akt (AKT). Stretching of the fibroblasts increases the synthesis of extracellular matrix proteins and the formation of dens...
Source: Cell Transplantation - February 4, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Lee E, Kim DY, Chung E, Lee EA, Park KS, Son Y Tags: Cell Transplant Source Type: research

Constitutive activation of NOTCH1 signaling in Sertoli cells causes gonocyte exit from quiescence.
Abstract Notch signaling components have long been detected in Sertoli and germ cells in the developing and mature testis. However, the role of this pathway in testis development and spermatogenesis remains unknown. Using reporter mice expressing green fluorescent protein following Notch receptor activation, we found that Notch signaling was active in Sertoli cells at various fetal, neonatal, and adult stages. Since Notch signaling specifies stem cell fate in many developing and mature organ systems, we hypothesized that maintenance and differentiation of gonocytes and/or spermatogonial stem cells would be modulate...
Source: Developmental Biology - February 4, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Xavier Garcia T, Defalco T, Capel B, Hofmann MC Tags: Dev Biol Source Type: research

Intestinal Regeneration: YAP-Tumor Suppressor and Oncoprotein?
Abstract The Hippo signaling pathway exerts a growth-suppressive effect by inhibitory phosphorylation of the oncogenic transcription co-activator Yki/YAP. A recent study paradoxically reports that genetic removal of YAP enhances intestinal stem cell expansion and regeneration. PMID: 23391384 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Current Biology - February 4, 2013 Category: Biology Authors: Li VS, Clevers H Tags: Curr Biol Source Type: research

The increased number of Leydig cells by di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate comes from the differentiation of stem cells into Leydig cell lineage in the adult rat testis.
The objective of the present study is to determine whether di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) exposure at adulthood increases rat Leydig cell number and to investigate the possible mechanism. 90-day-old Long-Evans rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, and were gavaged with the corn oil (control) or 10 or 750mg/kg DEHP daily for 7 days, and then received an intraperitoneal injection of 75mg/kg ethane dimethanesulfonate (EDS) to eliminate Leydig cells. Serum testosterone concentrations were assessed by RIA, and the mRNA levels of Leydig cell genes were measured by qPCR. EDS eliminated all Leydig cells in the control testi...
Source: Toxicology - February 4, 2013 Category: Toxicology Authors: Guo J, Li XW, Liang Y, Ge Y, Chen X, Lian QQ, Ge RS Tags: Toxicology Source Type: research

Effect of low dose bisphenol A on the early differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into mammary epithelial cells.
In this study, an in vitro model of human embryonic stem cell (hESC) differentiation into mammary epithelial cells was applied to investigate the effect of low dose BPA on the early stages of mammogenesis. A newly established hESC line was directionally differentiated into mammary epithelial cells by a well-established three dimensional (3D) culture system. The differentiated mammary epithelial cells were characterized by immunofluorescence and western blotting assay, and were called induced differentiated mammary epithelial cells (iDMECs) based on these data. The hESCs were treated with low doses of BPA range 10(-9)M to 1...
Source: Toxicology Letters - February 4, 2013 Category: Toxicology Authors: Yang L, Luo L, Ji W, Gong C, Wu D, Huang H, Liu Q, Xia B, Hu G, Zhang W, Zhang Q, Liu J, Zhang W, Zhuang Z Tags: Toxicol Lett Source Type: research