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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 38.

Singapore scientists identify new biomarker for cancer in bone marrow
(Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore) Singapore scientists have identified FAIM, a molecule that typically prevents cell death, as a potential biomarker to identify an incurable form of cancer in the bone marrow. Patients with this form of cancer usually do not get cured with current standard treatments such as chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation, with an average survival of only about four years.
Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer - December 12, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: news

MicroRNA-218 targets medulloblastoma, most aggressive childhood brain cancer
(University of Colorado Denver) A University of Colorado Cancer Center study published in the December issue of the Journal of Biological Chemistry shows that in medulloblastoma, a malignant brain tumor of children, microRNA-218 is especially low. The article also shows that adding microRNA-218 to neural stem cells engineered to develop medulloblastoma decreases the development of the cancer.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - December 12, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Muscle reorganisation through local injection of stem cells in the diaphragm of mdx mice
Conclusion: We were able to implant stem cells into the diaphragm via local injection, which promoted moderate muscle reorganisation. The presence of myoblast bundles cannot be attributed to stem cell incorporation because there was no immunopositive labelling in this structure. It is believed that the formation of the bundles may have been stimulated by cellular signalling mechanisms that have not yet been elucidated.
Source: Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica - December 12, 2012 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Thais LessaRafael CarvalhoAndré FranciolliLilian de OliveiraRodrigo BarretoDavid FederFabiana BressanMaria MiglinoCarlos Ambrósio Source Type: research

Fetal healing: Curing congenital diseases in the womb
Imagine curing inherited conditions before they even arise. We have the gene and stem-cell therapies to do it now – if only we dare use them on unborn babies
Source: New Scientist - Genetics - December 11, 2012 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

Viral infection as a trigger in flares of acute graft‐versus‐host disease
Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a potentially life‐saving treatment for haematological malignancies. Despite the potentially curative effect of HSCT, utilization is limited by the availability of suitable donors, and by adverse events such as the development of graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD). Certain viral infections have been reported to increase the risk of development of acute GVHD (aGVHD).
Source: British Journal of Dermatology - December 11, 2012 Category: Dermatology Authors: B. Gammon, J. Cotliar Source Type: research

MRI-Based Liver Iron Content Predicts for Nonrelapse Mortality in MDS and AML Patients Undergoing Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation
In this innovative German study of 88 patients with acute myeloid leukemia or myelodysplastic syndrome with a median of 22 transfusions, liver iron content determined by MRI was superior to ferritin and...
Source: OncologySTAT Journal Scans - December 11, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Cryopreservation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells amplified ex vivo from cord blood CD34+ cells.
CONCLUSION: Functional maintenance of the expanded graft by cryopreservation is feasible in conditions compatible with human cell therapy requirements. PMID: 23227804 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Transfusion - December 11, 2012 Category: Hematology Authors: Duchez P, Chevaleyre J, Brunet de la Grange P, Vlaski M, Boiron JM, Wouters G, Ivanovic Z Tags: Transfusion Source Type: research

Avoiding room temperature storage and delayed cryopreservation provide better postthaw potency in hematopoietic progenitor cell grafts.
CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that HPC products are better maintained at refrigerated temperatures before cryopreservation. Delaying cryopreservation should be minimized to avoid significant losses in cell potency. PMID: 23228098 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Transfusion - December 11, 2012 Category: Hematology Authors: Fry LJ, Giner SQ, Gomez SG, Green M, Anderson S, Horder J, McArdle S, Rees R, Madrigal JA Tags: Transfusion Source Type: research

Circulation Research Thematic Synopsis: Cellular Reprogramming & Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells.
Circulation Research Thematic Synopsis: Cellular Reprogramming & Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells. Circ Res. 2012 Dec 11; Authors: Editors T Abstract The 2012 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded jointly to Sir John B. Gurdon and Shinya Yamanaka "for the discovery that mature cells can be reprogrammed to become pluripotent". Sir John Gordon pioneered the field of somatic cell nuclear transfer, wherein the nucleus of a mature cell is transplanted into an enucleated egg, to produce a living organism (tadpole).(1) The technique, which is commonly referred to as "cloning", produced a paradigm shi...
Source: Circulation Research - December 11, 2012 Category: Cardiology Authors: Editors T Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Cancer stem cells, cornerstone of radioresistance and perspectives for radiosensitization: glioblastoma as an example.
Abstract Cancer stem cells are a subject of increasing interest in oncology. In particular, several data suggest that cancer stem cells are involved in the mechanisms of tumor radioresistance, and may explain the therapeutic failures after radiotherapy. Because of its poor prognosis and high recurrence rate after irradiation, glioblastoma model is often studied in the search for new radiosensitizers. There are several preclinical data suggesting that cancer stem cells could be a potential therapeutic target for improving the biological effectiveness of radiation therapy. Through the example of glioblastoma, we revi...
Source: Bulletin du Cancer - December 11, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Chargari C, Moncharmont C, Lévy A, Guy JB, Bertrand G, Guilbert M, Rousseau C, Védrine L, Alphonse G, Toillon RA, Rodriguez-Lafrasse C, Deutsch E, Magné N Tags: Bull Cancer Source Type: research

Endothelial differentiation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells is improved by epigenetic modifying drug BIX-01294.
Abstract Chromatin remodeling plays an essential role in regulation of gene transcription. Consequently, targeted changes in chromatin may also augment pluripotency of somatic cells. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of epigenetic drug BIX-01294 (BIX), a histone G9a inhibitor, on DNA methylation, expression of pluripotency genes POU5F1 (isoform a), NANOG, KLF4, and CMYC in mesenchymal stem cells, and the ability to increase their differentiation potential into endothelial cells (ECs). Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AdMSCs) were isolated from abdominal adipose tissue. Cells were ...
Source: European Journal of Cell Biology - December 11, 2012 Category: Cytology Authors: Culmes M, Eckstein HH, Burgkart R, Nüssler AK, Guenther M, Wagner E, Pelisek J Tags: Eur J Cell Biol Source Type: research

Endothelial Progenitor Cells: Therapeutic Perspective for Ischemic Stroke.
Abstract Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs), which can be cultured in vitro from mononuclear cells in peripheral blood or bone marrow, express both hematopoietic stem cell and endothelial cell markers on their surface. They are believed to participate in endothelial repair and postnatal angiogenesis due to their abilities of differentiating into endothelial cells and secreting protective cytokines and growth factors. Mounting evidence suggests that circulating EPCs are reduced and dysfunctional in various diseases including hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, and ischemic stroke. Therefore, EPCs have b...
Source: CNS Neuroscience and Therapeutics - December 11, 2012 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Zhao YH, Yuan B, Chen J, Feng DH, Zhao B, Qin C, Chen YF Tags: CNS Neurosci Ther Source Type: research

Control over the gradient differentiation of rat BMSCs on a PCL membrane with surface-immobilized alendronate gradient.
Abstract Gradient biomaterials can offer progressively changed signals to specific tissue interface, and thereby modulate the conjunction between different tissues. A linear density gradient of alendronate (Aln), a molecule that is capable of promoting osteogenic differentiation of bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs), was created on the aminolyzed poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) membrane. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation revealed the linear increase of Aln amount as a function of position on the PCL membrane. By contrast, the surface wettability and energy were kept unch...
Source: Biomacromolecules - December 11, 2012 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhu Y, Mao Z, Gao C Tags: Biomacromolecules Source Type: research

A proteomics and transcriptomics approach to identify leukemic stem cell markers.
Abstract Interactions between hematopoietic stem cells and their niche are mediated by proteins within the plasma membrane (PM) and changes in these interactions might alter HSC fate and ultimately result in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, using nano-LC/MS/MS, we set out to analyze the PM profile of two leukemia patient samples. We identified 867 and 610 unique CD34+ PM (-associated) proteins in these AML samples respectively, including previously described proteins such as CD47, CD44, CD135, CD96, and ITGA5, but also novel ones like CD82, CD97, CD99, PTH2R, ESAM, MET and ITGA6. Further validation by flow cytom...
Source: Molecular and Cellular Proteomics : MCP - December 11, 2012 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Bonardi F, Fusetti F, Deelen P, van Gosliga D, Vellenga E, Schuringa JJ Tags: Mol Cell Proteomics Source Type: research

Cockayne syndrome b maintains neural precursor function.
Abstract Neurodevelopmental defects are observed in the hereditary disorder Cockayne syndrome (CS). The gene most frequently mutated in CS, Cockayne Syndrome B (CSB), is required for the repair of bulky DNA adducts in transcribed genes during transcription-coupled nucleotide excision repair. CSB also plays a role in chromatin remodeling and mitochondrial function. The role of CSB in neural development is poorly understood. Here we report that the abundance of neural progenitors is normal in Csb(-/-) mice and the frequency of apoptotic cells in the neurogenic niche of the adult subependymal zone is similar in Csb(-/...
Source: DNA Repair - December 11, 2012 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Sacco R, Tamblyn L, Rajakulendran N, Bralha FN, Tropepe V, Laposa RR Tags: DNA Repair (Amst) Source Type: research

Embryonic stem cells and inducible pluripotent stem cells: two faces of the same coin?
Abstract Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) are derived from the inner cell mass of the blastocysts and are characterized by the ability to renew themselves (self-renewal) and the capability to generate all the cells within the human body. In contrast, inducible pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are generated by transfection of four transcription factors in somatic cells. Like embryonic stem cells, they are able to self-renew and differentiate. Because of these features, both ESCs and iPSCs, are under intense clinical investigation for cell-based therapy. In this review, we revisit stem cell biology and add a new layer of co...
Source: Aging - December 11, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Romeo F, Costanzo F, Agostini M Tags: Aging (Albany NY) Source Type: research

In vivo quantitative assessment of cell viability of gadolinium or iron‐labeled cells using MRI and bioluminescence imaging
In this study we investigated possible differences in R1, R2 or R2* relaxation rate as a measure of overall cell viability for mesenchymal stem cells labeled with Gd‐liposomes (Gd‐MSCs) or iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO‐MSCs). Cells were also transduced with a luciferase vector, facilitating a correlation between MRI findings and cell viability using bioluminescence imaging (BLI). Viable Gd‐MSCs were clearly distinguishable from nonviable Gd‐MSCs under both in vitro and in vivo conditions, clearly differing quantitatively (ΔR1 and ΔR2) as well as by visual appearance (hypo‐ or hyperintense contrast). Immediat...
Source: Contrast Media and Molecular Imaging - December 11, 2012 Category: Radiology Authors: Jamal Guenoun, Alessandro Ruggiero, Gabriela Doeswijk, Roel C. Janssens, Gerben A. Koning, Gyula Kotek, Gabriel P. Krestin, Monique R. Bernsen Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Acute B lymphoblastic leukaemia‐propagating cells are present at high frequency in diverse lymphoblast populations
Abstract Leukaemia‐propagating cells are more frequent in high‐risk acute B lymphoblastic leukaemia than in many malignancies that follow a hierarchical cancer stem cell model. It is unclear whether this characteristic can be more universally applied to patients from non‐‘high‐risk’ sub‐groups and across a broad range of cellular immunophenotypes. Here, we demonstrate in a wide range of primary patient samples and patient samples previously passaged through mice that leukaemia‐propagating cells are found in all populations defined by high or low expression of the lymphoid differentiation markers CD10, CD20 ...
Source: EMBO Molecular Medicine - December 11, 2012 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Klaus Rehe, Kerrie Wilson, Simon Bomken, Daniel Williamson, Julie Irving, Monique L. den Boer, Martin Stanulla, Martin Schrappe, Andrew G. Hall, Olaf Heidenreich, Josef Vormoor Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Wnt7a treatment ameliorates muscular dystrophy [Medical Sciences]
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a devastating genetic muscular disorder of childhood marked by progressive debilitating muscle weakness and wasting, and ultimately death in the second or third decade of life. Wnt7a signaling through its receptor Fzd7 accelerates and augments regeneration by stimulating satellite stem cell expansion through the planar...
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - December 11, 2012 Category: Science Authors: von Maltzahn, J., Renaud, J.-M., Parise, G., Rudnicki, M. A. Tags: Biological Sciences Source Type: research

A matter of life and death: self-renewal in stem cells
EMBO Reports. doi:10.1038/embor.2012.197 Authors: Elaine Fuchs & Ting Chen
Source: EMBO Reports AOP - December 11, 2012 Category: Research Authors: Elaine FuchsTing Chen Tags: stem cells self-renewal homeostasis wound-repair regeneration Review Source Type: research

Neural stem cells: therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases
Introduction Neural stem cells (NSCs) from specific brain areas or developed from progenitors of different sources are of therapeutic potential for neurodegenerative diseases. Sources of data Treatment strategies involve the (i) transplantation of exogenous NSCs; (ii) pharmacological modulations of endogenous NSCs and (iii) modulation of endogenous NSCs via the transplantation of exogenous NSCs. Areas of agreement There is a consensus about the therapeutic potential of transplanted NSCs. The ability of NSCs to home into areas of central nervous system injury allows their delivery by intravenous injection. There is also a...
Source: British Medical Bulletin - December 11, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Gincberg, G., Arien-Zakay, H., Lazarovici, P., Lelkes, P. I. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Drug resistant leukemia stem cells may be source of genetic chaos, Temple scientists find
(Temple University Health System) Temple University School of Medicine researchers have found that a source of genomic instability in chronic myeloid leukemia may lie in a pool of leukemia stem cells that are immune to some anticancer drugs. Even after treatment with the highly effective imatinib, resistant stem cells may continue to foster DNA damage, potentially leading to disease relapse and progression.
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - December 11, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Cultivation in Human Serum Reduces Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cell Adhesion to Laminin and Endothelium and Reduces Capillary Entrapment
Stem Cells and Development , Vol. 0, No. 0.
Source: Stem Cells and Development - December 10, 2012 Category: Stem Cells Tags: article Source Type: research

Become an Advocate for Science: Join the AIBS Legislative Action Center
Quick, free, easy, effective, impactful! Join the AIBS Legislative Action Center today! (www.aibs.org/public-policy/legislativeactioncenter.html) The AIBS Legislative Action Center is an online resource that allows biologists and science educators to quickly and effectively influence policy and public opinion. Each day lawmakers must make tough decisions about science policy. For example, what investments to make in federal research programs, how to conserve biodiversity, how to mitigate climate change, or under what circumstances to permit stem cell research. Scientists now have the opportunity to help elected officials ...
Source: Public Policy Reports - December 10, 2012 Category: Biology Authors: AIBS Source Type: news

Microfluidic Inertia Enhanced Phase Partitioning for Enriching Nucleated Cell Populations in Blood
Lab Chip, 2012, Accepted ManuscriptDOI: 10.1039/C2LC40663B, Papervahidreza parichehreh, Krishnakiran Medepalli, Karan Babbarwal, Palaniappan SethuNucleated cells in blood like white blood cells (WBCs) and other rare cells including peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) possess significant value for patient monitoring...The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
Source: RSC - Lab Chip latest articles - December 10, 2012 Category: Chemistry Authors: vahidreza parichehreh Source Type: research

EMT and MET in Metastasis: Where Are the Cancer Stem Cells?
Thomas Brabletz. Activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is important for cancer cell dissemination. Two papers in this issue of Cancer Cell (Ocaña and colleagues and Tsai and colleagues) supp....
Source: Cancer Cell - December 10, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

[Policy Forum] Stem Cells: U.S. Regulation of Stem Cells as Medical Products
Premarketing approval by the federal government should ensure not only safety, but efficacy as well.Authors: Douglas Sipp, Leigh Turner
Source: Science: Current Issue - December 10, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Douglas Sipp Source Type: research

Network analysis of transcriptional responses induced by mesenchymal stem cell treatment of experimental sepsis
To identify molecular targets and mechanisms of the protective effects conferred by mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) treatment of sepsis by investigating transcriptional responses of target organs subjected to MSC therapy.
Source: Journal of Critical Care - December 10, 2012 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Claudia Dos Santos, Srinivas Murthy, Pingzhao Hu, Yuexin Shan, Jack Haitsma, Shirley Mei, Duncan Stewart, Conrad Liles Tags: SCAI Meeting Abstracts Source Type: research

Informed target discovery for gene and stem cell therapy in acute lung injury
As the most severe form of acute lung injury, sepsis-induced acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) accounts for 9% of all patient deaths in the intensive care unit (ICU), and 18 000 Canadian deaths annually. Despite this urgent need for treatment, the main available strategy is protective lung ventilation, which improves patient survival by lowering the ventilating tidal volume, and there are no specific pharmacologic treatments that target sepsis-induced acute lung injury. Thus, microarray technology acts as a high-throughput tool that identifies targets for therapeutic regulation.
Source: Journal of Critical Care - December 10, 2012 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Dun Yuan Zhou, Yuexin Shan, Hajera Amatullah, Pingzhao Hu, Claudia Dos Santos Tags: SCAI Meeting Abstracts Source Type: research

Brain Cells Made from Urine
Some of the waste that humans flush away every day could become a powerful source of brain cells to study disease, and may even one day be used in therapies for neurodegenerative diseases. Scientists have found a relatively straightforward way to persuade the cells discarded in human urine to turn into valuable neurons. [More]
Source: Scientific American Topic - Stem Cell Research - December 10, 2012 Category: Stem Cells Tags: Health,Health,Medical Technology,Biotechnology,Biotechnology,Biology,More Science Source Type: news

Stem cell research provides hope for infertile cancer survivors: Transplanted stem cells could preserve male fertility
A professor has demonstrated in rhesus monkeys that it is possible to remove testicular stem cells prior to chemotherapy, freeze them and later, after cancer treatments, transplant the cells where they can restart sperm production and restore fertility.
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - December 10, 2012 Category: Science Source Type: news

New biomaterial gets 'sticky' with stem cells
Just like the bones that hold up your body, your cells have their own scaffolding that holds them up. This scaffolding, known as the extracellular matrix, or ECM, not only props up cells but also provides attachment sites, or “sticky spots,” to which cells can bind, just as bones hold muscles in place.
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - December 10, 2012 Category: Science Source Type: news

Prolonged alendronate treatment prevents the decline in serum TGF-β1 levels and reduces cortical bone strength in long-term estrogen deficiency rat model
Conclusions: The increase of serum TGF-β1 levels during acute phase of estrogen deficiency is likely due to increased osteoclast-mediated release of matrix-derived latent TGF-β1. Long-term estrogen-deficiency generally results in a decline in serum TGF-β1 levels that are maintained by Ale treatment. Measuring serum total TGF-β1 levels may help to determine cortical bone quality following alendronate treatment.Highlights: ► Different alendronate treatment regiments on rats with established bone loss ► Both in vivo and in vitro assessments of alendronate on TGF-β1 transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels ► ...
Source: Bone - December 10, 2012 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Junjing Jia, Wei Yao, Sarah Amugongo, Mohammad Shahnazari, Weiwei Dai, Yu-An E. Lay, Diana Olvera, Elizabeth A. Zimmermann, Robert O. Ritchie, Chin-Shang Li, Tamara Alliston, Nancy E. Lane Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

The role of oxygen during fracture healing
In conclusion, our results indicate that environmental oxygen levels affect tissue vascularization and fracture healing, and that providing oxygen when fractures are accompanied by ischemia may be beneficial.Highlights: ► We analyzed the role of environmental oxygen in fracture healing. ► Environmental hypoxia inhibits fracture healing and impairs angiogenesis. ► Environmental hypoxia does not favor chondrocyte differentiation in vivo at the fracture site. ► Environmental hyperoxia alters fracture healing and increases angiogenesis.
Source: Bone - December 10, 2012 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Chuanyong Lu, Neema Saless, Xiaodong Wang, Arjun Sinha, Sebastian Decker, Galateia Kazakia, Huagang Hou, Benjamin Williams, Harold M. Swartz, Thomas K. Hunt, Theodore Miclau, Ralph S. Marcucio Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Immune System Kill Switch Could Be Target For Chemotherapy And Infection Recovery
Researchers have discovered an immune system 'kill switch' that destroys blood stem cells when the body is under severe stress, such as that induced by chemotherapy and systemic infections. The discovery could have implications for protecting the blood system during chemotherapy or in diseases associated with overwhelming infection, such as sepsis. The kill switch is triggered when internal immune cell signals that protect the body from infection go haywire...
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - December 10, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Immune System / Vaccines Source Type: news

Local paper raises £20,000 to help girl
A child suffering from a debilitating form of cerebral palsy will travel to the United States for special treatment due to a weekly newspaper's fund-raising campaign.In just 12 weeks readers of the Bromsgrove Standard in Worcestershire donated £20,000 on behalf of two-year-old Georgia Almquest. It had been expected to take a year. The girl, who has spasticity in all four of her limbs, is to have revolutionary stem cell treatment in America. Her mother, Natalie, said: "I want to say a massive thank you to everyone who has helped, contributed and organised events… This has been the best present we could ever have wished f...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - December 10, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Roy Greenslade Tags: Blogposts Newspapers guardian.co.uk Media Regional & local newspapers Stem cells Source Type: news

Dose Intensification of Busulfan in the Preparative Regimen is Associated with Improved Survival: A Phase I/II Controlled, Randomized Study
Abstract: Dose intensity is important for disease control in patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation. We conducted a phase I/II controlled, adoptive, randomized study to determine the optimal dosing schedule of i.v. busulfan. Patients aged ≤75 years with advanced hematologic malignancies with human leukocyte antigen–compatible donor were eligible. All patients received fludarabine at 30 mg/m2/d for 4 days, and busulfan was administered in different doses in oral or i.v. formulations. As determined by the phase I trial, i.v. busulfan at a dose of 11.2 mg/kg/d was used for the phase II expansion cohort. ...
Source: Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation - December 10, 2012 Category: Hematology Authors: Simrit Parmar, Gabriela Rondon, Marcos de Lima, Peter Thall, Ronald Bassett, Paolo Anderlini, Partow Kebriaei, Issa Khouri, Prasanth Ganesan, Richard Champlin, Sergio Giralt Tags: Clinical Research Source Type: research

Excess of Veno-Occlusive Disease in a Randomized Clinical Trial on a Higher Trigger for Red Blood Cell Transfusion after Bone Marrow Transplantation: A Canadian Blood and Marrow Transplant Group Trial
Abstract: Previous studies have shown that maintaining high hemoglobin levels in patients after chemotherapy reduced the length of neutropenia. Thus, we undertook a randomized, controlled, clinical trial in children undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation after receiving a myeloablative conditioning regimen to compare 2 hemoglobin thresholds as triggers for red blood cell transfusion: 120 g/L in the experimental arm and 70 g/L in the control arm. The Data and Safety Monitoring Board closed the study after enrollment of the sixth patient because 3 patients in the experimental arm contracted veno-occlusive disease,...
Source: Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation - December 10, 2012 Category: Hematology Authors: Nancy Robitaille, Jacques Lacroix, Lubomir Alexandrov, Lucy Clayton, Marion Cortier, Kirk R. Schultz, Henrique Bittencourt, Michel Duval Tags: Clinical Research Source Type: research

Outcomes of Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Primary Immunodeficiency: A Report from the Australian and New Zealand Children’s Haematology Oncology Group and the Australasian Bone Marrow Transplant Recipient Registry
Abstract: We performed a retrospective analysis on the outcomes of 135 hematopoietic stem cell transplantations (HSCTs) for primary immunodeficiency disorders in Australian and New Zealand Children’s Haematology Oncology Group transplantation centers between 1992 and 2008. The most common indications for HSCT were severe combined immunodeficiency, Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, and chronic granulomatous disease. Five-year overall survival (OS) was 72% for the entire cohort. Disease-specific 5-year OS was 70% for severe combined immunodeficiency, 81% for Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome, and 69% for chronic granulomatous disease. Tran...
Source: Biology of Blood and Marrow Transplantation - December 10, 2012 Category: Hematology Authors: Richard Mitchell, Ian Nivison-Smith, Antoinette Anazodo, Karin Tiedemann, Peter Shaw, Lochie Teague, Chris Fraser, Tina Carter, Heather Tapp, Frank Alvaro, Tracey A. O’Brien Tags: Report Source Type: research

Characterization of a Stem Cell of Apical Papilla Cell Line: Effect of Passage on Cellular Phenotype
Conclusions: Collectively, these results highlight the need to use fully characterized cell lines in regenerative studies and provide the foundational knowledge of gene expression modulation that occurs in cultured SCAP.
Source: Journal of Endodontics - December 10, 2012 Category: Dentistry Authors: Nikita B. Ruparel, José Flávio Affonso de Almeida, Michael A. Henry, Anibal Diogenes Tags: Biology Source Type: research

The differentiation stage of p53-Rb-deficient bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells imposes the phenotype of in vivo sarcoma development
nendez & R Rodriguez
Source: Oncogene - December 10, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: R RubioI Gutierrez-ArandaA I Sáez-CastilloA LabargaM Rosu-MylesS Gonzalez-GarciaM L ToribioP MenendezR Rodriguez Tags: mesenchymal stem cells leiomyosarcoma osteosarcoma osteogenic differentiation p53 Rb Source Type: research

Schizophrenia: A neurodevelopmental disorder — Integrative genomic hypothesis and therapeutic implications from a transgenic mouse model
Abstract: Schizophrenia is a neurodevelopmental disorder featuring complex aberrations in the structure, wiring, and chemistry of multiple neuronal systems. The abnormal developmental trajectory of the brain appears to be established during gestation, long before clinical symptoms of the disease appear in early adult life. Many genes are associated with schizophrenia, however, altered expression of no one gene has been shown to be present in a majority of schizophrenia patients. How does altered expression of such a variety of genes lead to the complex set of abnormalities observed in the schizophrenic brain? We hypothesiz...
Source: Schizophrenia Research - December 10, 2012 Category: Psychiatry Authors: M.K. Stachowiak, A. Kucinski, R. Curl, C. Syposs, Y. Yang, S. Narla, C. Terranova, D. Prokop, I. Klejbor, M. Bencherif, B. Birkaya, T. Corso, A. Parikh, E.S. Tzanakakis, S. Wersinger, E.K. Stachowiak Tags: Biological Studies Source Type: research

Profiles in Cardiovascular Science: Shinya Yamanaka - Purveyor of Pluripotency.
Abstract In 2006, a report from Shinya Yamanaka's lab changed the landscape of stem cell research for good.(1) Until that point, generating a source of patient-identical pluripotent stem cells, a major stepping-stone in the quest for stem cell therapies, would only have been possible by cloning a human, generating an embryo and deriving embryonic stem cells, all of which would involve challenging techniques and a burden of ethical issues.Yamanaka's paper offered the potential of a new and easier method. By introducing four genes into terminally differentiated adult mouse fibroblasts, he could reverse the cells' fat...
Source: Circulation Research - December 10, 2012 Category: Cardiology Authors: Williams R Tags: Circ Res Source Type: research

Spontaneous conception after autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a case report.
PMID: 23223028 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Asian Journal of Andrology - December 10, 2012 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Dupont C, Bally C, Eustache F, Sermondade N, Benzacken B, Fenaux P, Lévy R Tags: Asian J Androl Source Type: research

TRIM28 repression of retrotransposon-based enhancers is necessary to preserve transcriptional dynamics in embryonic stem cells [RESEARCH]
TRIM28 is critical for the silencing of endogenous retroviruses (ERVs) in embryonic stem (ES) cells. Here, we reveal that an essential impact of this process is the protection of cellular gene expression in early embryos from perturbation by cis-acting activators contained within these retroelements. In TRIM28-depleted ES cells, repressive chromatin marks at ERVs are replaced by histone modifications typical of active enhancers, stimulating transcription of nearby cellular genes, notably those harboring bivalent promoters. Correspondingly, ERV-derived sequences can repress or enhance expression from an adjacent promoter in...
Source: Genome Research - December 10, 2012 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Rowe, H. M., Kapopoulou, A., Corsinotti, A., Fasching, L., Macfarlan, T. S., Tarabay, Y., Viville, S., Jakobsson, J., Pfaff, S. L., Trono, D. Tags: RESEARCH Source Type: research

Host‐derived CD4+ T cells attenuate stem cell mediated transfer of autoimmune arthritis in lethally irradiated B6.g7 mice
ConclusionDespite myeloablation, host CD4+ T cells having a regulatory phenotype emerge in these mice and attenuate autoimmunity. © 2012 American College of Rheumatology.
Source: Arthritis and Rheumatism - December 10, 2012 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Narendiran Rajasekaran, Nan Wang, Phi Truong, Cornelia Rinderknecht, Claudia Macaubas, Georg F Beilhack, Judith A. Shizuru, Elizabeth D. Mellins Tags: Full Length Source Type: research

The impact of RSV, adenovirus, influenza, and parainfluenza infection in pediatric patients receiving stem cell transplant, solid organ transplant, or cancer chemotherapy
Abstract RVIs are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised children. We analyzed the characteristics and outcomes of infection by four respiratory viruses (RSV, adenovirus, influenza, and parainfluenza) treated at a pediatric tertiary care hospital in a retrospective cohort of patients who had received cancer chemotherapy, hematopoietic stem cell, or SOT. A total of 208 infections were studied among 166 unique patients over a time period of 1993–2006 for transplant recipients, and 2000–2005 for patients with cancer. RSV was the most common respiratory virus identified. There were 17 (10% of a...
Source: Pediatric Transplantation - December 10, 2012 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Mindy S. Lo, Grace M. Lee, Nilanthi Gunawardane, Sandra K. Burchett, Catherine S. Lachenauer, Leslie E. Lehmann Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Unique molecular signatures influencing the biological function and fate of post‐natal stem cells isolated from different sources
Abstract The discovery of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from a myriad of tissues has triggered the initiative of establishing tailor‐made stem cells for disease‐specific therapy. Nevertheless, lack of understanding on the inherent differential propensities of these cells may restrict their clinical outcome. Therefore, a comprehensive study was done to compare the proliferation, differentiation, expression of cell surface markers and gene profiling of stem cells isolated from different sources, viz. bone marrow, Wharton's jelly, adipose tissue and dental pulp. We found that although all MSCs were phenotypically similar ...
Source: Journal of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine - December 10, 2012 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Noor Hayaty Abu Kasim, Vijayendran Govindasamy, Nareshwaran Gnanasegaran, Sabri Musa, Padmaja Jayaprasad Pradeep, Thekkeparambil Chandrabose Srijaya, Zeti Adura Che Ab. Aziz Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

The effect of Link N on differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells
Conclusions: Link N can enhance chondrogenic differentiation and down-regulate hypertrophic and osteogenic differentiation of human MSCs. Therefore in principle, Link N could be used to optimize MSC-mediated repair of the degenerated disc.
Source: Arthritis Research and Therapy - December 10, 2012 Category: Rheumatology Authors: John AntoniouHong Tian WangAbdulrahman AlaseemLisbet HaglundPeter RoughleyFackson Mwale Source Type: research

A molecular assay to predict survival in resected non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer
This 14-gene expression assay that uses quantitative PCR on formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples was developed and validated and compared with conventional staging. This assay was developed in patients with resected non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) at one centre, and then validated in patients with resected stage I non-squamous NSCLC and on patients with resected stage I–III non-squamous NSCLC in two further centres. This assay was the strongest predictor of 5-year mortality compared with clinical risk factors such as sex, age, smoking status, tumour size and even disease stage. It also outp...
Source: Thorax - December 10, 2012 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Hlaing, T. M., Wang, J.-S. Tags: Miscellaneous Source Type: research