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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 13.

Baccalaureate nursing students' anxiety related computer literacy: a sample from Jordan
The learning environment extends beyond the classroom, in a way, necessitating integration of computer literacy with education, establishing e-learning culture within future nursing education and facilitating life-long learning, which goes hand in hand with reshaping the future of the nursing practice. Despite the rapid integration between computers and different health care issues, studies indicated that nursing students have extremely low levels of computer literacy. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the anxiety-related computer literacy rates of a few nursing students in Jordan. A convenient sample of 4...
Source: Journal of Research in Nursing - January 22, 2013 Category: Nursing Authors: Akhu-Zaheya, L. M., Khater, W., Nasar, M., Khraisat, O. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Review: Post-registration interprofessional learning: a literature review and consideration of research methods
Source: Journal of Research in Nursing - January 22, 2013 Category: Nursing Authors: Barr, O. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Post-registration interprofessional learning: a literature review and consideration of research methods
This review explores the literature with regards to interprofessional learning (IPL) for qualified nurses and other health care workers. Three research studies were found. These showed that IPL can promote interprofessional trust, knowledge and skills. There is as yet no evidence that patient outcomes are changed, and taken as a whole, the evidence is not strong. There is also evidence that the providers of IPL for post-registration health care workers also tend to be the researchers. This is not ideal; it raises the possibility of the inclusion of bias and, using the values of evidence based practice, weakens the evidence...
Source: Journal of Research in Nursing - January 22, 2013 Category: Nursing Authors: Norrie, P., Thorpe, L. N., Karagic, L., Dyson, S. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Inflammatory bowel disease: perspectives from cingulate cortex in the first brain
Abstract The article by Agostini et al. (2013) in this issue of Neurogastroenterology and Motility evaluated patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) for volumetric changes throughout the brain. They observed decreased gray matter volumes in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and anterior midcingulate cortex (aMCC) and disease duration was negatively correlated with volumes in subgenual anterior cingulate (sACC), posterior MCC (pMCC), ventral posterior cingulate (vPCC), and parahippocampal cortices. As all patients were in remission and suffered from ongoing abdominal pain, this study provides a critical link between forebrain ch...
Source: Neurogastroenterology and Motility - January 22, 2013 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: B. A. Vogt Tags: VIEWPOINT Source Type: research

Local perceptions of cholera and anticipated vaccine acceptance in Katanga province, democratic republic of Congo
Conclusions: Results suggest a high motivation to use an OCV as long as it seems affordable. The needs of socially marginalized groups such as fishermen may have to be explicitly addressed when preparing for a mass vaccination campaign.
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - January 22, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Sonja MertenChristian SchaettiCele ManiangaBruno LapikaClaire-Lise ChaignatRaymond HutubessyMitchell Weiss Source Type: research

A cluster randomised trial of a school-based intervention to prevent decline in adolescent physical activity levels: study protocol for the 'Physical Activity 4 Everyone' trial
This study aims to assess the effectiveness of a multi-component school-based intervention in reducing the decline in physical activity among students attending secondary schools located in disadvantaged communities. Methods: The cluster randomised trial will be conducted with 10 secondary schools located in selected regions of New South Wales, Australia. The schools will be selected from areas that have a level of socio-economic status that is below the state average. Five schools will be allocated to receive an intervention based on the Health Promoting Schools framework, and will be supported by a part-time physical act...
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - January 22, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Rachel SutherlandElizabeth CampbellDavid LubansPhilip MorganAnthony OkelyNicole NathanLuke WolfendenJannah JonesLynda DaviesKaren GillhamJohn Wiggers Source Type: research

Radial basis function neural networks applied to efficient QRST cancellation in atrial fibrillation
Abstract: The most extended noninvasive technique for medical diagnosis and analysis of atrial fibrillation (AF) relies on the surface elctrocardiogram (ECG). In order to take optimal profit of the ECG in the study of AF, it is mandatory to separate the atrial activity (AA) from other cardioelectric signals. Traditionally, template matching and subtraction (TMS) has been the most widely used technique for single-lead ECGs, whereas multi-lead ECGs have been addressed through statistical signal processing techniques, like independent component analysis. In this contribution, a new QRST cancellation method based on a radial b...
Source: Computers in Biology and Medicine - January 21, 2013 Category: Bioinformatics Authors: Jorge Mateo, José Joaquín Rieta Source Type: research

Between Abstinence and Dependency: Understanding the Brain and Behavioral Correlates of Reward Learning in Occasional Stimulant Users
When young adults leave home to pursue a career or higher education, they face a variety of new challenges. New ways of thinking and working, along with obligatory time constraints, make focus and a good work ethic essential to thrive. In today's culture, some young adults resort to using prescription stimulants at moments when particular attentiveness is required. For instance, a majority of university students that illegally use prescription stimulants report doing so to stay awake and focus while studying (). The perceived effectiveness of these stimulants along with their commonplace nature may lead some individuals to...
Source: Biological Psychiatry - January 21, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Andrea H. Lewis, Mauricio R. Delgado Tags: Commentaries Source Type: research

Nicotine, Striatum, and Reward
The ability to resist an immediate, smaller reward to get a larger, delayed reward is impaired in current smokers and is thought to reflect greater impulsivity that leads to relapse to cigarette smoking. Although studies have shown that this type of delay discounting is greater in abstinent smokers than in those who have smoked just before the test , it is not clear what role smoking status and acute effects of nicotine play on the brain circuits that are important for this reward processing. Activity of the dopamine neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and its target regions including the nucleus accumbens (NAc), s...
Source: Biological Psychiatry - January 21, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Nii A. Addy, Marina R. Picciotto Tags: Commentaries Source Type: research

Preliminary study of the feasibility and accuracy of percutaneous peri-acetabular screw insertion in a porcine model
Abstract: The aim of this pilot study was to assess a new method of training for peri-acetabular screw placement under indirect vision using standard C-arm fluoroscopy using a porcine model.Two novice orthopaedic residents placed 72 screws (36 each) about the acetabula of six porcine pelves under C-arm fluoroscopic guidance. Unsatisfactory screw position was noted in 22 of 72, with five instances of screw ingress into the hip joint. All of these cases occurred in the first half of each resident's series. Screw direction and final position improved over subsequent trials.This pilot study demonstrates that surgical simulatio...
Source: Injury - January 21, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: A.J. Cassar-Gheiti, M.K. Dodds, D.P. Byrne, K.J. Mulhall Tags: Experimental Research Source Type: research

A Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Cerebellar Volume in Tuberous Sclerosis Complex
Abstract: The cerebellum plays an important role in motor learning and cognition, and structural cerebellar abnormalities have been associated with cognitive impairment. In tuberous sclerosis complex, neurologic outcome is highly variable, and no consistent imaging or pathologic determinant of cognition has been firmly established. The cerebellum calls for specific attention because mouse models of tuberous sclerosis complex have demonstrated a loss of cerebellar Purkinje cells, and cases of human histologic data have demonstrated a similar loss in patients. We hypothesized that there might be a common cerebellar finding i...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - January 21, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Neil I. Weisenfeld, Jurriaan M. Peters, Peter T. Tsai, Sanjay P. Prabhu, Kira A. Dies, Mustafa Sahin, Simon K. Warfield Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Events of interest
News items of interest to the vascular surgeon must be received at least 8 weeks before the desired month of publication. Announcements published at no charge include those received from a sponsoring society of this Journal, those courses and conferences sponsored by state, regional, national, or international vascular surgical organizations, and university-sponsored continuing medical education courses. All other news items selected for publication carry a charge of $60.00 US for each insertion, and the fee must accompany the request to publish. Send announcements and payment, payable to this Journal, to Issue Management,...
Source: Journal of Vascular Surgery - January 21, 2013 Category: Surgery Tags: Frontmatter Source Type: research

Medical student subinternships in surgery: characterization and needs assessment
Conclusions: Opportunity exists to define a curriculum for surgical subinternships in order to address student needs for specific didactics for residency preparation and technical skill enhancement.
Source: American Journal of Surgery - January 21, 2013 Category: Surgery Authors: Brenessa M. Lindeman, Pamela A. Lipsett, Adnan Alseidi, Anne O. Lidor Tags: Association for Surgical Education Source Type: research

Stress training for the surgical resident
Conclusions: There was a trend toward improved performance scoring but no difference in anxiety levels after stress training. However, 91% of residents rated the stress training as valuable.
Source: American Journal of Surgery - January 21, 2013 Category: Surgery Authors: Zoë Maher, Richard Milner, Jane Cripe, John Gaughan, Joel Fish, Amy J. Goldberg Tags: Association for Surgical Education Source Type: research

Effects of the new Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education work hour rules on surgical interns: a prospective study in a community teaching hospital
Conclusions: The new ACGME work hours increased the ESS scores among interns at NWH and caused interns to be more tired than interns on the Q4 schedule. This is likely caused by the multiple nights of poor sleep without a post-call day to make up sleep.
Source: American Journal of Surgery - January 21, 2013 Category: Surgery Authors: Tovy Haber Kamine, Rebecca J. Barron, Agnieszka Lesicka, John D. Galbraith, Frederick H. Millham, Janet Larson Tags: Association for Surgical Education Source Type: research

When surgeons face intraoperative challenges: a naturalistic model of surgical decision making
Conclusions: The proposed model builds on existing theories of naturalistic decision making from other high-stakes environments. This model elaborates on a theoretic language that accounts for the unique aspects of surgery, making it useful for teaching in the operating room.
Source: American Journal of Surgery - January 21, 2013 Category: Surgery Authors: Sayra M. Cristancho, Meredith Vanstone, Lorelei Lingard, Marie-Eve LeBel, Michael Ott Tags: Association for Surgical Education Source Type: research

Usefulness of the American College of Surgeons' Fundamentals of Surgery Curriculum as a knowledge preparatory tool for incoming surgery interns
Conclusions: The FSC is a useful preparatory tool for interns when administered before starting internship; however, this benefit may not extend to the ABSITE.
Source: American Journal of Surgery - January 21, 2013 Category: Surgery Authors: Ross E. Willis, Richard M. Peterson, Daniel L. Dent Tags: Association for Surgical Education Source Type: research

Role of Virtual Bronchoscopy in the Evaluation of Bronchial Lesions: A Pictorial Essay
Bronchoscopy is an important diagnostic method for the tracheobronchial, thoracic, and mediastinal lesions. It is limited by the physical progression of the bronchoscope. This represents a problem when assessing difficult airways, such as a lumen narrowed from any cause. Bronchoscopy can be performed with flexible fiberoptic bronchoscopy (FOB), which remains the best modality for the evaluation of endoluminal and mucosal lesions of the respiratory tract. However, FOB has important limitations. It cannot view structures outside the bronchial wall, such as the mediastinal lymph nodes and vascular structures. Additionally, FO...
Source: Current Problems in Diagnostic Radiology - January 21, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Saad Rezk Abdulwahed Hussein Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Monday morning levity: Louisiana senator asks if E. coli evolve into persons
It's a painfully familiar scene . A Louisiana state senator (Mike Walsworth) is asking a high-school science teacher about the teaching of evolution in class. He asks if there's any direct example of evolution that can be taught in class. In response the science teacher settles on one of the most elegant and convincing experiments in evolutionary biology - Richard Lenski's decades-long study in which he froze selected generations of E. coli bacteria while allowing others to evolve. The differences between the evolved and original bacterial populations clearly demonstrated evolution.At that point the good senator asks if th...
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - January 21, 2013 Category: Science Tags: Evolution,Mind & Brain Source Type: research

Brainiac parrots threatened by widespread lead poisoning
New Zealand's kea* are among the most devastatingly intelligent birds on the planet. For instance, animal cognition researchers say kea are as smart as crows at solving mechanical puzzles . So it comes as a shock to learn that much of what we know about the kea's unusual behavior in the wild comes from studies of birds stultified by lead poisoning.Lead is toxic at such low doses that public health authorities have yet to identify a "safe" level of exposure. Chronic exposure of children to relatively low doses of lead can affect their IQ, and some even argue that lead in gasoline can explain the major crime trends of the tw...
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - January 21, 2013 Category: Science Tags: Energy & Sustainability,Mind Brain,Evolution,Health,More Science Source Type: research

Dragonflies keeping their eyes on the prize
One of the things I love most about science blogging is the opportunity to learn about entirely new things. Of course, we all have that opportunity on most days, but having to find something to blog about three times a week definitely keeps me on my toes. And what I learn can be so fascinating! Often it's about barnacle sperm or the evo psych of romance novels , but there are other, safe for work kinds of fascination, too! And today, my fascination is with dragonflies. These little guys are amazing. I'm ashamed to say that until today, I had NO IDEA that dragonflies were predators. I don't know what I thought they ate, but...
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - January 21, 2013 Category: Science Tags: Evolution,Mind & Brain Source Type: research

Co-Occurring Chronic Depression and Alcohol Dependence: A Novel Treatment Approach
Conclusions: CBASP seems to be ideally suited for this population, which has extensive avoidance learning, high rates of early trauma, repeated interpersonal failures, and uses alcohol to cope. We propose that treatment for this population must be tailored to the underlying interpersonal issues and skill deficits described above in order to be effective, and that CBASP can be the therapy for the chronically depressed, alcohol-dependent individual. (C) 2013 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.
Source: Addictive Disorders and Their Treatment - January 21, 2013 Category: Addiction Tags: Case Report: PDF Only Source Type: research

Physical function measurements predict mortality in ambulatory older men
ConclusionsThe assessment of physical functioning is important in the evaluation of older persons. We encourage the use of the Timed Up and Go test as a reliable, quick and feasible screening tool in clinical settings
Source: European Journal of Clinical Investigation - January 21, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Stefanie L. Buyser, Mirko Petrovic, Youri E. Taes, Kaatje R.C. Toye, Jean‐Marc Kaufman, Stefan Goemaere Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Effects of instrumental and psychological support on levels of depressive symptoms for hospitalized older adults.
Conclusion: Results of this study suggest that functional status, the kind of support, and the setting in which it is given are important in understanding the influence of informal support on the well-being of older adults. The potentially positive as well as negative consequences of various types of support in the hospital setting should be recognized and addressed. PMID: 23330681 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Aging and Mental Health - January 21, 2013 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Gur-Yaish N, Zisberg A, Sinoff G, Shadmi E Tags: Aging Ment Health Source Type: research

Hippocampal Gα(q/11) but not Gα(o)-coupled receptors are altered in aging.
Abstract Normal aging may limit the signaling efficacy of certain GPCRs by disturbing the function of specific Gα-subunits and leading to deficient modulation of intracellular functions that subserve synaptic plasticity, learning and memory. Evidence suggests that Gα(q/11) is more sensitive to the effects of aging relative to other Gα-subunits, including Gα(o). To test this hypothesis, the functionality of Gα(q/11) and Gα(o) were compared in the hippocampus of young (6 months) and aged (24 months) F344 × BNF(1) hybrid rats assessed for spatial learning ability. Basal GTPγS-binding to Gα(q/11) was signifi...
Source: Neuropharmacology - January 21, 2013 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: McQuail JA, Davis KN, Miller F, Hampson RE, Deadwyler SA, Howlett AC, Nicolle MM Tags: Neuropharmacology Source Type: research

Input-specific learning rules at excitatory synapses onto hippocampal parvalbumin-expressing interneurons.
Abstract Hippocampal parvalbumin-expressing interneurons (PV INs) provide fast and reliable GABAergic signalling to principal cells and orchestrate hippocampal ensemble activities. Precise coordination of principal cell activity by PV INs relies in part on the efficacy of excitatory afferents that recruit them in the hippocampal network. Feed-forward (FF) inputs in particular from Schaffer collaterals influence spike timing precision in CA1 principal cells whereas local, feedback (FB) inputs may contribute to pacemaker activities. Although PV INs have been shown to undergo activity-dependent long term plasticity, h...
Source: The Journal of Physiology - January 21, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Le Roux N, Cabezas C, Boehm UL, Poncer JC Tags: J Physiol Source Type: research

i.lect®, a pre‐graduate education model of implantology
ConclusionThe results indicated that the structured i.lect® undergraduate curriculum enhanced individual knowledge in the specific field of implantology. This program could have pilot character for use in other universities.
Source: European Journal of Dental Education - January 21, 2013 Category: Dentistry Authors: T. Möst, S. Eitner, F. W. Neukam, M. Wichmann, J. Nonhof, T. Kreuzwieser, A. Vollmer, K. A. Schlegel Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Undergraduate degree projects in the Swedish dental schools: a documentary analysis
ConclusionsThe documents from the four dental schools revealed similar views on the purposes of the projects and provided similar assessment criteria. The students were requested to formulate an odontological problem, apply a relevant scientific method, analyse texts and empirical data, express critical reflections and write a short thesis. The students were free to choose topics. There were differences between the dental schools on the emphasis placed on practical uses of the projects and theoretical background of the projects. Two of the schools insisted on rigid rules of completing and writing the project yet paradoxica...
Source: European Journal of Dental Education - January 21, 2013 Category: Dentistry Authors: C. Franzén, G. Brown Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Mobile technology supporting trainee doctors¿ workplace learning and patient care: an evaluation
Background: The amount of information needed by doctors has exploded. The nature of knowledge (explicit and tacit) and processes of knowledge acquisition and participation are complex. Aiming to assist workplace learning, Wales Deanery funded “iDoc”, a project offering trainee doctors a Smartphone library of medical textbooks. Methods: Data on trainee doctors’ (Foundation Year 2) workplace information seeking practice was collected by questionnaire in 2011 (n = 260). iDoc baseline questionnaires (n = 193) collected data on Smartphone usage alongside other workplace information sources. Case reports (n = 1...
Source: BMC Medical Education - January 21, 2013 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Wendy HardymanAlison BullockAlice BrownSophie Carter-IngramMark Stacey Source Type: research

Homicide Detectives' Intuition
Abstract Little is known about the decision‐making processes of homicide detectives; this study is a first step towards understanding the inferential processes they engage in during the initial stages of an investigation. A card sorting exercise consisting of 20 crime scene photographs showing homicide victims in situ was designed to examine how detectives categorise and conceptualise homicide crime scenes. Forty homicide detectives were asked to ‘think aloud’ whilst categorising the crime scenes. Qualitative content analysis of the ‘think aloud’ accounts revealed detectives' intuitive ability to automatically ma...
Source: Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling - January 21, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Michelle Wright Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Distractor exclusion is not an early process: A reply to Roelofs, Piai, and Schriefers (2011).
In their comment, Roelofs, Piai, and Schriefers (2011) argue against our interpretation of the distractor frequency effect in terms of a late blocking mechanism. They state that the experiments reported by Dhooge and Hartsuiker (2010) can be incorporated in WEAVER++ when assuming an early input blocking mechanism. We first rectify a misunderstanding regarding the claim of the target article. Next, we show that Roelofs et al. provide no evidence that allows differentiating between early and late blocking accounts. We end by providing evidence in favor of our claim that distractor blocking occurs late and specify our blockin...
Source: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition - January 21, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Dhooge, Elisah; Hartsuiker, Robert J. Source Type: research

Still no evidence for the encoding variability hypothesis: A reply to Jang, Mickes, and Wixted (2012) and Starns, Rotello, and Ratcliff (2012).
Koen and Yonelinas (2010) contrasted the recollection and encoding variability accounts of the finding that old items are associated with more variable memory strength than new items. The study indicated that (a) increasing encoding variability did not lead to increased measures of old item variance, and (b) old item variance was directly related to the contribution of recollection. Jang, Mickes, and Wixted (2012) and Starns, Rotello, and Ratcliff (2012) wrote responses that, on the surface, appear to challenge those results. However, the issues raised about our first finding turn out to have no theoretical or empirical su...
Source: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition - January 21, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Koen, Joshua D.; Yonelinas, Andrew P. Source Type: research

Editorial.
In this editorial, the author expresses his delight and honor to be able to assume the position of editor for the Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition. Neither the mission nor the structure of JEP: LMC will change. It will continue to provide the most important and interesting work being done in cognitive psychology. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2013 APA, all rights reserved)
Source: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition - January 21, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Greene, Robert L. Source Type: research

Perceived difficulty of various steps of manual small incision cataract surgery among trainees in rural China
ConclusionsCortical aspiration, wound construction and nuclear prolapse pose the greatest challenge for trainees learning MSICS, and should receive emphasis during training. Numbers of cases performed is the strongest predictor of perceived difficulty of key steps.
Source: Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology - January 21, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Wenyong Huang, Ronghua Ye, Shengsong Huang, Decai Wang, Lanhua Wang, Bin Liu, David S Friedman, Mingguang He, Yizhi Liu, Nathan G Congdon Tags: Clinical Science Source Type: research

Knowledge, attitudes and usage of cancer screening among West African migrant women
ConclusionsImproved health promotion strategies that provide accessible information and education to West African migrant women regarding cancer screening are required to enhance the uptake of such screening in this migrant group. Relevance to clinical practiceNurses who encounter West African migrant women in their day‐to‐day practice have the opportunity to provide this group with education related to the importance of cancer screening.
Source: Journal of Clinical Nursing - January 21, 2013 Category: Nursing Authors: Olayide Ogunsiji, Lesley Wilkes, Kath Peters, Debra Jackson Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Computer‐assisted Interventions Targeting Reading Skills of Children with Reading Disabilities – A Longitudinal Study
The purpose of the present study was to examine the effects of three computerized interventions on the reading skills of children with reading disabilities in Grade 2. This longitudinal intervention study included five test sessions over 1 year. Two test points occur before the intervention, and three afterwards. The last follow‐up was conducted 1 year after the first measurement. One hundred thirty children in Grade 2 participated in the study. Three groups of children with reading difficulties received computerized training programmes: one aimed at improving word decoding skills and phonological abilities, the seco...
Source: Dyslexia - January 21, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Linda Fälth, Stefan Gustafson, Tomas Tjus, Mikael Heimann, Idor Svensson Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Contributions of Syntactic Awareness to Reading in Chinese‐speaking Adolescent Readers with and without Dyslexia
This study investigated the relative contribution of syntactic awareness to Chinese reading among Chinese‐speaking adolescent readers with and without dyslexia. A total of 78 junior high school students in Hong Kong, 26 dyslexic adolescent readers, 26 average adolescent readers of the same age (chronological age control group) and 26 younger readers matched with the same reading level (reading‐level group) participated and were administered measures of IQ, syntactic awareness, morphological awareness, vocabulary knowledge, working memory, word reading, and reading comprehension. Results showed that dyslexic readers sco...
Source: Dyslexia - January 21, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Kevin K. H. Chung, Connie S‐H Ho, David W. Chan, Suk‐Man Tsang, Suk‐Han Lee Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Prevalence and impact of restless legs syndrome in university students
Source: Movement Disorders - January 21, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Michal Minár, Patrícia Valková, Peter Valkovič Tags: Letters: New Observations Source Type: research

Teaching NeuroImages: Differential diagnosis of scapular winging
I read with interest the Teaching NeuroImage regarding the differential diagnosis of scapular winging.1 Although neurology literature mentions that weakness of the rhomboids may cause winging,2,3 this is likely erroneous. The rhomboids originate from C7 to D5 spinous processes and insert into the medial border of the scapula.4 Since the fibers are inserted into the medial border and not on the anterior and posterior aspects of the medial border, they do not have a role in holding the scapula approximated to the rib cage. Weakness of the rhomboids may cause the scapula to deviate down and out, but it would not cause winging...
Source: Neurology - January 21, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: George, J., Amato, A. A., Greenberg, S. A., Tsivgoulis, G. Tags: WRITECLICK: EDITOR ' S CHOICE Source Type: research

Neurology in Canada: History of the Canadian Neurological Society
In the 19th and early 20th century, Canadian physicians interested in neurology focused on this area as part of their broader clinical practices. The most renowned was William Osler, often called Canada's first neurologist because one-third of his writing was devoted to neurology. Until the mid-20th century, most Canadian neurologists trained at the National Hospital, Queen Square, London, and in Paris. The majority returned to academic centers and after World War II every Canadian medical school and major center had consultant neurologists.
Source: Neurology - January 21, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Murray, T. J., Bray, G., Freedman, M., Stoessl, A. J. Tags: All Health Services Research, All Education, Methods of education GLOBAL PERSPECTIVES Source Type: research

Teaching NeuroImages: Multifocal neurologic involvement as the only manifestation of IgG4-related disease
A 46-year-old man with progressive visual loss underwent brain MRI showing multifocal nodular pachymeningeal thickening involving optic nerve meninges bilaterally and internal acoustic meatus dura mater (figure 1). Diffuse meningiomatosis was diagnosed and radiation therapy was given with symptom stabilization. Four years later, left hearing loss and right hypoacusia occurred, with slight transient improvement after high-dose dexamethasone. Serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G4 was increased. CSF analysis showed increased protein, oligoclonal IgG, plasma cells, and lymphocytes. Cerebral biopsy showed meningeal plasma-cell granuloma ...
Source: Neurology - January 21, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Imbergamo, S., Campagnolo, M., Manara, R., Marino, F., Adami, F., Briani, C. Tags: MRI, All Immunology, Autoimmune diseases, All Clinical Neurology, Optic nerve RESIDENT AND FELLOW SECTION Source Type: research

Teaching Video NeuroImages: Periodic alternating nystagmus evident only in darkness
An 81-year-old man with retinitis pigmentosa had severe, slowly progressive visual loss that began at age 20. Intermittent nystagmus was observed for 1 decade. Examination revealed severe retinal atrophy and periodic alternating nystagmus (PAN) that occurred only in darkness (video on the Neurology® Web site at www.neurology.org).
Source: Neurology - January 21, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Razmara, A., Mackay, D., Galetta, S. L., Prasad, S. Tags: All Neuro-ophthalmology, Nystagmus, Visual loss RESIDENT AND FELLOW SECTION Source Type: research

On redundancy
I recently lost my job as a consultant, during a programme of financial cuts. This wasn't as catastrophic for me as it may sound. The job was only part time, and my main work in education is currently secure. I am also close to retirement age and without any mortgage, so I faced few of the risks a younger person might have done. At the same time, I had to deal with the experience of leaving a job against my will. This helped me to understand what so many younger colleagues have been facing during the economic recession. I had known for a long time that my workplace had to reduce costs significantly, and my own position was...
Source: Postgraduate Medical Journal - January 21, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Launer, J. Tags: On reflection Source Type: research

Competency-based training: who benefits?
Competency based training describes progression through training referenced to the demonstrated ability to perform certain tasks. In recent years, this has become the dominant curriculum model. We seek to examine who benefits from a competency based approach to medical education. For the regulators and service, the apparent advantage is in terms of apparent measurable accountability and flexibility. For assessors, the promise of competence based assessments in the workplace to provide a reliable and objective measurement of a trainee's performance has not been demonstrated in practice. For the doctor in training, there is ...
Source: Postgraduate Medical Journal - January 21, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Brightwell, A., Grant, J. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Republished: Developing capable quality improvement leaders
Conclusions Through the I2S2 course, the authors are developing improvement leaders, accelerating the shift in the culture from a traditional academic medical centre to an improvement-focused culture, and building cross-silo relationships by developing leaders who understand the organisation as a large system of interdependent subsystems focused on improving health.
Source: Postgraduate Medical Journal - January 21, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Kaminski, G. M., Britto, M. T., Schoettker, P. J., Farber, S. L., Muething, S., Kotagal, U. R. Tags: Original articles Source Type: research

Predictors of outcome in routine care for Cryptococcal meningitis in Western Kenya: lessons for HIV outpatient care in resource-limited settings
Conclusions Cryptococcal meningitis diagnosed in routine HIV outpatient settings is largely treated as an outpatient and adherence to treatment guidelines is poor. Body mass index is a critical independent predictor of outcome. Additional research to determine the most effective strategies to reduce premature mortality is urgently needed.
Source: Postgraduate Medical Journal - January 21, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Kendi, C., Penner, J., Koech, J., Nyonda, M., Cohen, C. R., Bukusi, E. A., Ngugi, E., Meyer, A.-C. L. Tags: Sexual transmitted infections (viral), Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, HIV/AIDS, Epidemiology, Guidelines Original article Source Type: research

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and its selected determinants among urban adult women in South Delhi, India
Conclusions The high prevalence of metabolic syndrome among women of lower socioeconomic status is a cause of concern, and calls for an effective public health response.
Source: Postgraduate Medical Journal - January 21, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Sinha, S., Misra, P., Kant, S., Krishnan, A., Nongkynrih, B., Vikram, N. K. Tags: Hypertension, Diet, Epidemiology Original article Source Type: research

Self‐treating hypoglycaemia: a longitudinal qualitative investigation of the experiences and views of people with Type 1 diabetes
Conclusions Historical experiences of hypoglycaemia and habituated practices can influence present self‐treatment approaches. Professionals need to be aware of the range of difficulties individuals may experience restricting themselves to fixed quantities of fast‐acting carbohydrate to manage hypoglycaemia. There may be merit in developing a more acceptable range of treatments tailored to people’s own preferences, circumstances and needs.
Source: Diabetic Medicine - January 21, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Authors: J. Lawton, D. Rankin, D. D. Cooke, J. Elliott, S. Amiel, S. Heller, Tags: Research: Treatment Source Type: research

Introducing Interventional Pain Services in a Large African Teaching Hospital: Challenges and Opportunities
Abstract There is a need for interventional pain management in the developing world; however, there are many barriers to the introduction of interventional pain therapies. This brief report describes one approach to the introduction of interventional pain medicine to a Nigerian teaching hospital. Although many barriers exist, interventional pain medicine can be brought to the developing world, as demonstrated in this case series.
Source: Pain Practice - January 21, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Zakari Suleiman, Allen W. Burton Tags: Clinical Report Source Type: research

Training support staff to modify fluids to appropriate safe consistencies for adults with intellectual disabilities and dysphagia: an efficacy study
ConclusionsTypical training resulted in significantly greater carer accuracy in modifying fluid consistencies when compared with written guidance alone. Use of the TIM tubes also significantly improved accuracy in the modification of drinks compared with the group who modified with the aid of written guidance alone. At 3–10‐month follow‐up only the group who received typical training alongside the TIM tubes were significantly more accurate than the Written Guidance group. Further research is warranted to ascertain the effectiveness of the training and the utility of the TIM tubes in improving accuracy over a longer t...
Source: Journal of Intellectual Disability Research - January 21, 2013 Category: Disability Authors: D. D. Chadwick, J. Stubbs, S. Fovargue, D. Anderson, G. Stacey, S. Tye Tags: Original Article Source Type: research