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The use of fluorescence in situ hybridization in the diagnosis of hidden mosaicism: apropos of three cases of sex chromosome anomalies
FISH has been used as a complement to classical cytogenetics in the detection of mosaicism in sex chromosome anomalies. The aim of this study is to describe three cases in which the final diagnosis could only be achieved by FISH. Case 1 was an 8-year-old 46,XY girl with normal female genitalia referred to our service because of short stature. FISH analysis of lymphocytes with probes for the X and Y centromeres identified a 45,X/46,X,idic(Y) constitution, and established the diagnosis of Turner syndrome. Case 2 was a 21-month-old 46,XY boy with genital ambiguity (penile hypospadias, right testis, and left streak gonad). FIS...
Source: Arquivos Brasileiros de Endocrinologia e Metabologia - January 8, 2013 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Evaluation of early maladaptive schemas: psychometric study in alcoholics
CONCLUSION: YSQ-S2 was found to be an instrument that can detect differences between clinical and non-clinical populations, its use being essential for a deeper assessment of the patient's personality.
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Psiquiatria - January 8, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research

Why America's Kids Need New Standards for Science Education
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Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - January 8, 2013 Category: Science Tags: More Science Source Type: research

Acute abdominal pain as a manifestation of physical violence in an infant: alert to pediatricians
OBJETIVO: Alertar os pediatras e residentes de Pediatria quanto à possibilidade da ocorrência de violência contra a criança por meio do relato de um caso clínico. DESCRIÇÃO DO CASO: Paciente de 18 meses deu entrada à emergência com dor abdominal e vômitos há 48 horas. O exame abdominal revelou dois orifícios e massa pequena endurecida. O raio X de abdome mostrou imagem compatível com três objetos metálicos. Duas agulhas e um prego sem cabeça foram removidos da cavidade abdominal por meio de laparotomia. COMENTÁRIOS: O diagnóstico foi realizado no segundo atendimento médico, provavelmente por não ter sid...
Source: Revista Paulista de Pediatria - January 8, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Effect of physical training on the blood pressure of adolescents with obesity
CONCLUSIONS: The effect of physical training on the systolic blood pressure of obese adolescents is controversial. However, the reduction in systolic blood pressure seems to occur with aerobic training programs, that also reduce body mass.OBJETIVO: Describir, mediante una revisión sistemática, los efectos del entrenamiento físico sobre la presión arterial en adolescentes con obesidad. FUENTES DE DATOS: Se recurrió a la revisión sistemática de ensayos clínicos aleatorios que analizaron el efecto del entrenamiento físico sobre la presión arterial de adolescentes obesos, publicados en periódicos indexados en las ba...
Source: Revista Paulista de Pediatria - January 8, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Monitoring of child development held in Brazil
CONCLUSIONS: It is urgent to offer continued medical education to pediatricians in order to update their knowledge about child development monitoring, especially due to the increasing numbers of preterm infants.OBJETIVO: Revisar la literatura científica para verificar cómo la vigilancia del desarrollo infantil viene siendo realizada en Brasil. FUENTES DE DATOS: Investigación en las bases de datos (Pubmed, Medline, SciELO y Base de Tesis CAPES) sobre estudios de las prácticas médicas respecto a la vigilancia y monitoración del desarrollo infantil en Brasil de 2000 a 2011. Los términos usados para la investigación fu...
Source: Revista Paulista de Pediatria - January 8, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Reference values and factors related to thoracic mobility in Brazilian children
CONCLUSIONS: Reference values for thoracic cirtometry were provided for children aged between seven and 11 years old. Sex, age, weight, height, and body mass index did not influence xiphoid respiratory coefficient. The axillary respiratory coefficient was different between ages, from eight years onwards, being significantly influenced by height and weight regardless of sex.OBJETIVO: Suministrar valores de referencia y evaluar los factores que influencian la movilidad torácica de niños de 7 a 11 años. MÉTODOS: Se evaluaron 166 niños de escuelas públicas y privadas (90 muchachas y 76 muchachos) de la ciudad de Natal (R...
Source: Revista Paulista de Pediatria - January 8, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Consumption of food groups among children attending the public health system of Aracaju, Northeast Brazil, in Sergipe
CONCLUSIONS: The dietary intake of children showed inadequacies in food groups of fruit, vegetables, dairy, and sugar and sweets, as well as significant differences between age-groups. Thus, it is important to highlight the need for nutritional education respecting age specificities, in order to contribute to medium and long-term prevention of nutritional problems.OBJETIVO: Evaluar el consumo de los grupos alimentares en niños usuarios de la red pública de salud del municipio de Aracaju, Sergipe. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal con niños de 6 a 35 meses de cinco Unidades Básicas de Salud. Para la evaluación dietética, ...
Source: Revista Paulista de Pediatria - January 8, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Anthropometric and body composition parameters to predict body fat percentage and lipid profile in schoolchildren
CONCLUSIONS: Dyslipidemia could not be predicted by anthropometric and body composition measurements in children, especially among females, suggesting the need for investigating lipid profile by laboratorial exams.OBJETIVO: Evaluar la eficacia de indicadores antropométricos y de composición corporal en la predicción del porcentaje de grasa y perfil lipídico en escolares. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal implicando a 209 escolares entre siete y nueve años. Se consideraron las variables a continuación: peso, estatura, índice de masa corporal (IMC), porcentaje de grasa corporal (%GC), circunferencia del brazo (CB) y cintu...
Source: Revista Paulista de Pediatria - January 8, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Complementary feeding of children in the second year of life
CONCLUSIONS: The results point out the existence of inadequate feeding practices in infants regardless of the recommended intake of breast milk, therefore indicating the need for improvement and integration of actions to promote breastfeeding and healthy diets in primary attention services.OBJETIVO: Estudiar las prácticas alimentares de niños en el segundo año de vida, comparando los que están en lactancia materna complementada (LMC) con aquellos destetados antes de los 12 meses de vida (SLM). MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal implicando a niños entre 12 y 24 meses de edad en el área de alcance de un servicio de atenció...
Source: Revista Paulista de Pediatria - January 8, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Programa Pincel Mágico: evaluation of health conditions of school children from the first and second years of elementary school
CONCLUSIONS: Initiatives, such as the Programa Pincel Mágico, not only identified early health-related changes in schoolchildren, but also encouraged the cooperation between the healthcare and the educational sectors, helping to build a new preventive outlook of students' health.OBJETIVO: Identificar señales, tendencias patológicas o enfermedades instaladas en la población de alumnos de los dos primeros años de la primaria de São José dos Campos (SJC), para la promoción de salud en el ambiente escolar. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal con 1332 escolares matriculados en los primeros y segundos años de 13 Unidades Esco...
Source: Revista Paulista de Pediatria - January 8, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Child development: agreement between the child health handbook and the guide for monitoring child development
CONCLUSIONS: The agreement between both tools was poor.OBJETIVO: Verificar la concordancia entre los instrumentos Libreta de Salud del Niño (CSC, sigla en portugués) y Manual para Vigilancia del Desarrollo Infantil en el Contexto de la Atención Integrada a las Enfermedades Prevalentes en la Infancia (AIDPI, sigla en portugués) en la evaluación del desarrollo infantil en niños de dos a 24 meses de edad. MÉTODOS: Estudio transversal realizado en una Unidad Básica de Salud (UBS) de Belo Horizonte (Minas Gerais, Brasil), entre marzo de 2009 y marzo de 2010. Después de inventariar el número de niños adscritos a la UB...
Source: Revista Paulista de Pediatria - January 8, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Profile of prescribers and prescription of antibiotics in upper respiratory infections in Pediatrics
OBJETIVO: Traçar um perfil dos médicos que atendem crianças nos sistemas público (Sistema Único de Saúde) e privado de saúde e verificar como são prescritos antimicrobianos nas infecções das vias aéreas superiores. MÉTODOS: Médicos de algumas cidades do interior do Estado de São Paulo receberam via correio ou nas Unidades Básicas de Saúde uma carta explicativa sobre a pesquisa e o questionário, com perguntas sobre: tempo de graduação, residência médica, carga horária e local de trabalho, forma de atualização, fatores que consideram ao prescrever antimicrobianos e casos clínicos sobre as infecções...
Source: Revista Paulista de Pediatria - January 8, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: research

Spelling performance of elementary school students: developing and implementing an instrument of intervention
Com o objetivo de compreender as relações entre o gesto e a linguagem e a relevância do gesto no desenvolvimento de competências comunicativo-linguísticas foi realizada uma pesquisa da literatura nacional e internacional. A análise dos dados de múltiplas áreas científicas indica influências transversais do gesto natural na evolução da competência comunicativo-linguística do Homem. Assim, a identificação do sistema de neurónios-espelho promoveu o emergir de vários trabalhos que levantaram hipóteses sobre o paralelismo entre a evolução do gesto versus a evolução da linguagem. A literatura aponta que os...
Source: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia - January 8, 2013 Category: Audiology Source Type: research

Students' profile of 3rd to 5th grade of elementary school in reading comprehension: elaboration of an assessment instrument
Com o objetivo de compreender as relações entre o gesto e a linguagem e a relevância do gesto no desenvolvimento de competências comunicativo-linguísticas foi realizada uma pesquisa da literatura nacional e internacional. A análise dos dados de múltiplas áreas científicas indica influências transversais do gesto natural na evolução da competência comunicativo-linguística do Homem. Assim, a identificação do sistema de neurónios-espelho promoveu o emergir de vários trabalhos que levantaram hipóteses sobre o paralelismo entre a evolução do gesto versus a evolução da linguagem. A literatura aponta que os...
Source: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia - January 8, 2013 Category: Audiology Source Type: research

Phonological working memory and phonological awareness in students at the end of cycle I of elementary school
CONCLUSION: The lack of correlation between these skills raises reflections regarding possible extrinsic factors that may influence performance in phonological awareness.
Source: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia - January 8, 2013 Category: Audiology Source Type: research

Frequency modulation systems in hearing impaired children: outcome evaluation
CONCLUSION: The use of subjective measures, such as the questionnaire, it is essential to determine the indication of the effectiveness of assistive devices for the hearing impaired. The effectiveness of the system could be observed by FM "FM advantage," which is the average difference of 10 dB minimum found in the evaluations of speech perception with and without FM noise in different situations. The benefits found in this study using the FM system in the improvement of speech perception can be extrapolated not only to the classroom and to laws of inclusive education, but also for social and recreational activities.
Source: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia - January 8, 2013 Category: Audiology Source Type: research

Correlations between classroom environmental noise and teachers' voice
CONCLUSION: There were high levels of environmental noise in the classrooms, which correlated with the intensity of teachers' voice (SPL). Although there was high occurrence of vocal problems in this sample, they were not correlated with the level of environmental noise.
Source: Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Fonoaudiologia - January 8, 2013 Category: Audiology Source Type: research

ResCare, Walgreens partner on drug service
ResCare Inc. has signed a national affiliation agreement with Walgreen Co. through which the companies will promote each other’s services. As part of the agreement, Walgreens stores will feature ResCare HomeCare education materials alongside materials associated with its DailyMed program. Deerfield, Ill.-based Walgreen Co. (NYSE: WAG) has more than 8,000 drugstores nationwide, including nearly 100 in Kentucky and more than 200 in Indiana. The Walgreens DailyMed program caters to patients with…
Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Hospitals headlines - January 8, 2013 Category: Hospital Management Authors: David A. Mann Source Type: research

Premarital Screening and Genetic Counseling program: Knowledge, attitude, and satisfaction of attendees of governmental outpatient clinics in Jeddah
Conclusion: Knowledge in the general population about the PMSGC program was low. Implementation of school and university educational campaigns is important. Improved counseling and adding new topics for counseling on genetic, chronic, and psychiatric problems; building healthy families; reproduction and fertility are recommended.
Source: Journal of Infection and Public Health - January 8, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Nahla Khamis Ibrahim, Jamel Bashawri, Hussein Al Bar, Jawaher Al Ahmadi, Adnan Al Bar, Mahdi Qadi, Waleed Milaat, Hashim Feda Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Cholera outbreak in a village in south India – Timely action saved lives
This study was designed to assess the magnitude of and factors responsible for an outbreak in a South Indian village and to implement measures for containing and preventing the recurrence of such outbreaks. Data was obtained by surveying households in the village to identify cases and assess factors responsible for the outbreak. A sanitary survey of the water supply system was performed to identify the cause of the outbreak. Preventive measures were implemented by setting up a rapid response team to manage cases and provide safe drinking water and health education regarding the prevention of such outbreaks. A total of 73 c...
Source: Journal of Infection and Public Health - January 8, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: R. Deepthi, S.R. Sandeep, M. Rajini, H. Rajeshwari, Achal Shetty Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

The effect of hand hygiene compliance on hospital-acquired infections in an ICU setting in a Kuwaiti teaching hospital
Highlights: ► Hand hygiene (HH) compliance by nurses was better than doctors. ► Educational intervention improved overall HH compliance. ► Intervention resulted in statistically significant reduction in nosocomial infections.Summary: Hand washing is widely accepted as the cornerstone of infection control in the intensive care unit (ICU). Nosocomial infections are frequently viewed as indicating poor compliance with hand washing guidelines. To determine the hand hygiene (HH) compliance rate among healthcare workers (HCWs) and its effect on the nosocomial infection rates in the ICU of our hospital, we conducted an inte...
Source: Journal of Infection and Public Health - January 8, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Mona F. Salama, Wafaa Y. Jamal, Haifa Al Mousa, Khaled A. Al-AbdulGhani, Vincent O. Rotimi Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Implicit learning of mappings between forms and metaphorical meanings.
Abstract Previous research has shown that people can implicitly acquire mappings between word forms and literal meanings (Williams, 2004, 2005). We argue, from the metaphor-representation and embodiment perspectives, that people can unconsciously establish mappings between word forms and not only literal but also metaphorical meanings. Using Williams' (2005) paradigm, we found that transfer of form-meaning connections from a concrete domain (space) to an abstract domain (power) was achieved in a metaphor-consistent way without awareness. Our results support the view that unconscious knowledge can be flexibly deploy...
Source: Consciousness and Cognition - January 8, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Li F, Guo X, Zhu L, Yang Z, Dienes Z Tags: Conscious Cogn Source Type: research

Enhanced NMDA receptor-dependent LTP in the epileptic CA1 area via upregulation of NR2B.
Abstract Impairment of synaptic plasticity such as long-term potentiation (LTP) is a common finding in various animal models of a number of neurodegenerative disorders. While cognitive deficits associated with these models are plausibly attributed to impaired plasticity, it is an intriguing question whether learning impairment correlates in general with compromised synaptic plasticity. In the present study, we have addressed this issue and discovered an enhancement of theta-burst stimulation-induced LTP at Schaffer collateral-CA1 synapses from chronically epileptic animals. The LTP enhancement was abolished by the ...
Source: Neurobiology of Disease - January 8, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Müller L, Tokay T, Porath K, Köhling R, Kirschstein T Tags: Neurobiol Dis Source Type: research

Biological development of reading circuits.
Abstract Human neuroimaging is expanding our understanding of the biological processes that are essential for healthy brain function. Methods such as diffusion weighted imaging provide insights into white matter fascicles, growth and pruning of dendritic arbors and axons, and properties of glia. This review focuses on what we have learned from diffusion imaging about these processes and the development of reading circuitry in the human brain. Understanding reading circuitry development may suggest ways to improve how we teach children to read. PMID: 23312307 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Current Opinion in Neurobiology - January 8, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Wandell BA, Yeatman JD Tags: Curr Opin Neurobiol Source Type: research

Acute Ethanol Reduces Reversal Cost in Discrimination Learning by Reducing Perseverance in Adolescent Rhesus Macaques.
CONCLUSIONS: The temporal relationship between EtOH consumption and reversal learning was consistent with selective EtOH-induced impairment of retrieval, but not storage, processes. This was evidenced by diminished perseverance on the previously correct stimulus leading to decreased errors to criterion. PMID: 23298170 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Alcoholism, Clinical and Experimental Research - January 8, 2013 Category: Addiction Authors: Wright Jr MJ, Glavis-Bloom C, Taffe MA Tags: Alcohol Clin Exp Res Source Type: research

Brief FASD prevention intervention: physicians' skills demonstrated in a clinical trial in Russia.
CONCLUSIONS: The results supported the feasibility of the DFBPI in Russia. OB/GYN physicians trained in the DFBPI, monitored, and supported were able to implement and maintain skills during the study. In addition to the alcohol focus, DFBPI training needs to have a sufficient component to improve physicians' skills in discussing contraception use. PMID: 23294846 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Addiction Science and Clinical Practice - January 8, 2013 Category: Addiction Authors: Balachova T, Bonner BL, Chaffin M, Isurina G, Shapkaitz V, Tsvetkova L, Volkova E, Grandilevskaya I, Skitnevskaya L, Knowlton N Tags: Addict Sci Clin Pract Source Type: research

Shifted inferior frontal laterality in women with major depressive disorder is related to emotion-processing deficits.
CONCLUSIONS: This study links, for the first time, disrupted IFG activation laterality and increased subgenual cingulate activation with deficient FEP in women with MDD, providing an avenue for imaging-to-assessment translational applications in MDD. PMID: 23298715 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Psychological Medicine - January 8, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Briceño EM, Weisenbach SL, Rapport LJ, Hazlett KE, Bieliauskas LA, Haase BD, Ransom MT, Brinkman ML, Peciña M, Schteingart DE, Starkman MN, Giordani B, Welsh RC, Noll DC, Zubieta JK, Langenecker SA Tags: Psychol Med Source Type: research

Making Muscle or Mitochondria by Selective Splicing of PGC-1α.
Abstract Endurance training induces the transcriptional coactivator PGC-1α in skeletal muscle, promoting mitochondrial biogenesis and skeletal muscle remodeling. In a recent issue of Cell, Ruas et al. (2012) show that resistance training regulates the splicing of a novel isoform of PGC-1α (PGC-1α4), which is sufficient to stimulate skeletal muscle hypertrophy. PMID: 23312277 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cell Metabolism - January 8, 2013 Category: Cytology Authors: Millay DP, Olson EN Tags: Cell Metab Source Type: research

Modeling cognitive dysfunction in neurofibromatosis-1.
Abstract Cognitive dysfunction, including significant impairments in learning, behavior, and attention, is found in over 10% of children in the general population. However, in the common inherited cancer predisposition syndrome, neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), the prevalence of these cognitive deficits approaches 70%. As a monogenic disorder, NF1 provides a unique genetic tool to identify and dissect mechanistically the molecular and cellular bases underlying cognitive dysfunction. In this review, we discuss Nf1 fly and mouse systems that mimic many of the cognitive abnormalities seen in children with NF1. Further,...
Source: Trends in Neurosciences - January 8, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Diggs-Andrews KA, Gutmann DH Tags: Trends Neurosci Source Type: research

Perceived sexual control, sex-related alcohol expectancies and behavior predict substance-related sexual revictimization.
CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggested that low perceived sexual control stemming from CSA is associated with increased sex-related alcohol expectancies and a higher likelihood of engaging in sexual behavior in the context of alcohol use. In turn these proximal risk factors heighten vulnerability to substance-related rape. Programs which aim to reduce risk for substance-related rape could be improved by addressing expectancies and motivations for risky sexual behavior in the context of substance use. Implications and future directions are discussed. PMID: 23312991 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Child Abuse and Neglect - January 8, 2013 Category: Child Development Authors: Walsh K, Messman-Moore T, Zerubavel N, Chandley RB, Denardi KA, Walker DP Tags: Child Abuse Negl Source Type: research

Remarks on neurocybernetics and its links to computing science.: To the memory of Prof. Luigi M. Ricciardi.
Abstract This paper explores the origins and content of neurocybernetics and its links to artificial intelligence, computer science and knowledge engineering. Starting with three remarkable pieces of work, we center attention on a number of events that initiated and developed basic topics that are still nowadays a matter of research and inquire, from goal directed activity theories to circular causality and to reverberations and learning. Within this context, we pay tribute to the memory of Prof. Ricciardi documenting the importance of his contributions in the mathematics of brain, neural nets and neurophysiologica...
Source: Biosystems - January 8, 2013 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Moreno-Díaz R, Moreno-Díaz A Tags: Biosystems Source Type: research

Translating evidence into practice in childbirth: A case from the Occupied Palestinian Territory.
CONCLUSIONS: Certain changes in practices during normal childbirth were possible in this hospital. A combination of on-the-job training with other interactive approaches increased midwives' awareness, capacities and self-confidence to implement fewer interventions during normal labour. PMID: 23312335 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Women Birth - January 8, 2013 Category: Midwifery Authors: Hassan SJ, Sundby J, Husseini A, Bjertness E Tags: Women Birth Source Type: research

Hypercholesterolemia accelerates amyloid β-induced cognitive deficits.
Abstract Hypercholesterolemia is a known risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the present study, we investigated whether diet-induced hypercholesterolemia affects AD-like pathologies such as amyloid β-peptide (Aβ) deposition, tau pathology, inflammation and cognitive impairment, using an Aβ25-35-injected AD-like pathological mouse model. Hypercholesterolemia was induced by providing apolipoprotein E knock out (Apo E KO) mice with a high-fat diet for 4 weeks prior to Aβ25-35 injection and for 4 weeks following Aβ25-35 injection, for a total of 8 weeks of treatment. Our data showed that intracereb...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - January 8, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Park SH, Kim JH, Choi KH, Jang YJ, Bae SS, Choi BT, Shin HK Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: research

Preferences for Death and Dying Among Veterans With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.
Conclusion: Preferences for death and dying are consistent among individuals with life-limiting illness, thus should be incorporated as core components in all end-of-life care planning. We identified unique preferences important to patients with COPD. This study suggests that clinicians need to engage in end-of-life discussions to learn about individual preferences to improve the patients' dying experience. PMID: 23298873 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: The American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care - January 8, 2013 Category: Palliative Care Authors: Reinke LF, Uman J, Udris EM, Moss BR, Au DH Tags: Am J Hosp Palliat Care Source Type: research

Even highly experienced drivers benefit from a brief hazard perception training intervention.
We examined the proposal that hazard perception ability is suboptimal even in highly experienced mid-age drivers. First, we replicated previous findings in which police drivers significantly outperformed highly experienced drivers on a validated video-based hazard perception test, indicating that the ability of the experienced participants had not reached ceiling despite decades of driving. Second, we found that the highly experienced drivers' hazard perception test performance could be improved with a mere 20min of video-based training, and this improvement remained evident after a delay of at least a week. One possible e...
Source: Accident; Analysis and Prevention. - January 8, 2013 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Horswill MS, Taylor K, Newnam S, Wetton M, Hill A Tags: Accid Anal Prev Source Type: research

Mythmaking in medical education and medical practice.
CONCLUSIONS: These familiar myths have maintained prominent roles in medical thinking because they represent wisdom passed down from eminent sources, they teach physiology and medical skills, and they offer physicians a sense of control in the face of uncertainty. In addition to providing scientific evidence, changing physicians' practice requires acknowledging that even meticulous care cannot always avert bad outcomes. PMID: 23312964 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: European Journal of Internal Medicine - January 8, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Kaufman E, Lagu T, Hannon NS, Sagi J, Rothberg MB Tags: Eur J Intern Med Source Type: research

The Prevalence of and Psychosocial Risks for Suicide Attempts in Male and Female College Students in Taiwan.
Abstract The prevalence of and psychosocial risks for suicide attempts was investigated in college students in Taiwan by gender, after controlling for depressive symptoms. Self-reported data were collected from a nationally representative sample of 2,835 college students; 11.90% of females and 8.87% of males reported they had attempted suicide in the preceding 12 months. After controlling for depression, suicidal ideations were associated with suicide attempts in females, whereas there were fewer positive expectations toward the future associated with suicide attempts in males. Several explanations for the high pr...
Source: Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior - January 8, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Chou CH, Ko HC, Wu JY, Cheng CP Tags: Suicide Life Threat Behav Source Type: research

Shared Social and Emotional Activities Within Adolescent Romantic and Non-Romantic Sexual Relationships.
Abstract Typically, "non-romantic" sexual relationships are assumed to be casual; however, the emotional and social distinctions between romantic and non-romantic contexts are not well understood, particularly in adolescence. Data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health) was used to compare shared emotional (e.g., telling partner that they love her/him) and social (e.g., going out in a group) activities within romantic and non-romantic sexual relationships. Adolescents who reported exclusively romantic sexual relationships (n = 1,891) shared more emotional, but not social, activities...
Source: Archives of Sexual Behavior - January 8, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Williams LR, Russell ST Tags: Arch Sex Behav Source Type: research

Sex, Commitment, and Casual Sex Relationships Among College Men: A Mixed-Methods Analysis.
Abstract Using a sample of 200 emerging adult male college students, we examined how men varied in the meanings they gave to sex and their self-reported engagement in two types of casual sex relationships (hookups and friends with benefits). Using qualitative methods, we conducted a content analysis of men's written responses to a series of questions about the meanings they ascribed to sex (i.e., intercourse), their perceived connection between sex and commitment, and how they believed these meanings were related to their sexual behavior. Three groups of men emerged: Committers, Flexibles, and Recreationers. Groups...
Source: Archives of Sexual Behavior - January 8, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Olmstead SB, Billen RM, Conrad KA, Pasley K, Fincham FD Tags: Arch Sex Behav Source Type: research

Predictors of Heterosexual Casual Sex Among Young Adults.
Abstract Casual sex is often associated with the young adult stage in the life course. Most recent research on the prevalence, motives, and consequences of heterosexual casual sex has relied on samples of college students, yet students are only a small and advantaged subset of the young adult population. The current study drew on the Toledo Adolescent Relationships Study, which was collected in 2006-2007 and included young adults (ages 18-24 years) whose trajectories reflected a wider spectrum of educational experiences (N = 1,023). We moved beyond prior work by examining both frequency and type of heterosexual ...
Source: Archives of Sexual Behavior - January 8, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Lyons H, Manning W, Giordano P, Longmore M Tags: Arch Sex Behav Source Type: research

Aligning Incentives in Health Care: Physician Practice and Health System Partnership.
CONCLUSIONS: A model of complete integration between an academic department and a health system is achievable through a systematic process of mission-based support. PMID: 23296749 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research - January 8, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Levin LS, Gustave L Tags: Clin Orthop Relat Res Source Type: research

Patients¿ expectations of acute low back pain management: implications for evidence uptake
Conclusions: A biomechanical approach to management rather than an awareness of empirical evidence was evident in patients[prime] expectations. Communication and education by the GP that includes specifically enquiring about patients[prime] expectations, provides an opportunity to correct misperceptions, explain acute low back pain natural history, and the rationale for test and treatment recommendations.
Source: BMC Family Practice - January 8, 2013 Category: Primary Care Authors: Tammy HoffmannChris Del MarJenny StrongJuliana Mai Source Type: research

Potential benefits and pitfalls of respiratory‐gated radiotherapy in the treatment of thoracic malignancy
ConclusionRGRT may reduce doses to organs at risk with the potential for dose escalation. However its implementation requires significant staff training, treatment time and resources. Treatment verification with image guided radiation therapy are essential for safe delivery.
Source: Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology - January 8, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Eric Hau, Melissa Rains, Trang Pham, Rebecca Muirhead, Roland Yeghiaian Alvandi Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Corrigendum
Gerdes, A. C., Haack, L. M., & Schneider, B. W. (2012). Parental Functioning in Families of Children With ADHD: Evidence for Behavioral Parent Training and Importance of Clinically Meaningful Change. Journal of Attention Disorders, 16, 147-156. (Original DOI: 10.1177/1087054710381482)
Source: Journal of Attention Disorders - January 8, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: research

Self-Concept of College Students With ADHD: Discordance Between Self- and Parent-Reports
Conclusion: Perceptions of the self-concept of college students with ADHD appear to vary by informant source. Hypotheses for the discordance between self- and parent-reports are discussed. Multi-informant assessment is recommended as a way to obtain a more complete clinical picture than reliance on self- or parent-report alone.
Source: Journal of Attention Disorders - January 8, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Nelson, J. M. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Conceptual Structure of the Symptoms of Adult ADHD According to the DSM-IV and Retrospective Wender-Utah Criteria
Conclusion: Only criteria of the first two WURS factors can be considered valid childhood ADHD indicators. Thus, only they should be used as an aid in the retrospective assessment of ADHD symptoms.
Source: Journal of Attention Disorders - January 8, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Glockner-Rist, A., Pedersen, A., Rist, F. Tags: Articles Source Type: research

An Examination of Prescription Stimulant Misuse and Psychological Variables Among Sorority and Fraternity College Populations
Conclusion: Current findings support further examination of nonmedical stimulant use among other college student subpopulations (i.e., athletic teams, honor societies, residence halls). In addition, there is a strong need to develop research-based intervention and preventive measures that target college populations identified as being at risk for nonmedical stimulant use.
Source: Journal of Attention Disorders - January 8, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Dussault, C. L., Weyandt, L. L. Tags: Current Perspectives Source Type: research

Patients' expectations of acute low back pain management: implications for evidence uptake
Conclusions: A biomechanical approach to management rather than an awareness of empirical evidence was evident in patients[prime] expectations. Communication and education by the GP that includes specifically enquiring about patients[prime] expectations, provides an opportunity to correct misperceptions, explain acute low back pain natural history, and the rationale for test and treatment recommendations.
Source: BMC Family Practice - January 8, 2013 Category: Primary Care Authors: Tammy HoffmannChris Del MarJenny StrongJuliana Mai Source Type: research

GABAergic inputs from direct and indirect striatal projection neurons onto cholinergic interneurons in the primate putamen
Abstract Striatal cholinergic interneurons (ChIs) are involved in reward‐dependent learning and the regulation of attention. The activity of these neurons is modulated by intrinsic and extrinsic GABAergic and glutamatergic afferents, but the source and relative prevalence of these diverse regulatory inputs remain to be characterized. To address this issue, we performed a quantitative ultrastructural analysis of the GABAergic and glutamatergic innervation of ChIs in the post‐commissural putamen of rhesus monkeys to address this issue. Post‐embedding immunogold localization of GABA combined with peroxidase immunostaini...
Source: The Journal of Comparative Neurology - January 8, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Kalynda Kari Gonzales, Jean‐Francois Pare, Thomas Wichmann, Yoland Smith Tags: Research Article Source Type: research