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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory.

History of statin use lowers prostate cancer mortality
Research shows that men with prostate cancer have a significantly reduced risk for death if they took statins prior to their diagnosis. (Source: MedWire News - Urology)
Source: MedWire News - Urology - May 16, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: news

Hepatitis C, hepatitis B and HIV infection among Egyptian prisoners: Seroprevalence, risk factors and related chronic liver diseases
This study was performed to detect the prevalence of antibodies against hepatitis C, hepatitis B core and human immunodeficiency virus among Egyptian prisoners.Methods: The study was conducted in an Egyptian prison. The prisoners voluntarily completed a risk factor questionnaire and provided blood specimens for testing for antibodies against hepatitis C virus, hepatitis B virus core antigen and human immunodeficiency virus. Positive results were confirmed by the detecting HCV RNA via polymerase chain reaction. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to determine the factors that were independently associated with po...
Source: Journal of Infection and Public Health - May 16, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Hala I. Mohamed, Zienab M. Saad, Ehab M. Abd-Elreheem, Wael M. Abd-ElGhany, Mohamed S. Mohamed, Emad A. Abd Elnaeem, Amany E. Seedhom Tags: Original Papers Source Type: research

Does vaginal delivery affect postnatal coitus?
Does vaginal delivery affect postnatal coitus? International Journal of Impotence Research advance online publication, May 16 2013. doi:10.1038/ijir.2013.25 Authors: L Cai, B Zhang, H Lin, W Xing & J Chen (Source: International Journal of Impotence Research)
Source: International Journal of Impotence Research - May 16, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: L CaiB ZhangH LinW XingJ Chen Tags: delivery sexual behavior vagina Source Type: research

Sugary Sodas, Fruit Punches May Raise Kidney Stone Risk: Study
It's important to stay hydrated, but water may be your best choice, experts say (Source: WebMD Health)
Source: WebMD Health - May 15, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Jekyll into Hyde: Breathing auto emissions turns HDL cholesterol from 'good' to 'bad'
Academic researchers have found that breathing motor vehicle emissions triggers a change in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, altering its cardiovascular protective qualities so that it actually contributes to clogged arteries. In addition to changing HDL from "good" to "bad," the inhalation of emissions activates other components of oxidation, the early cell and tissue damage that causes inflammation, leading to hardening of the arteries, according to the research team, which included scientists from UCLA and other institutions. The findings of this early study, done in mice, are available in...
Source: UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences - May 15, 2013 Category: Universities & Medical Training Source Type: news

Warning didn't change for-profit dialysis drug use
NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Despite a strong warning from U.S. regulators in 2007, for-profit dialysis centers still gave their kidney failure patients more of a certain anemia drug than non-profit centers in 2008, says a new study. (Source: Reuters: Health)
Source: Reuters: Health - May 15, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: healthNews Source Type: news

Tools Cut Blood Infections from Hemodialysis (CME/CE)
(MedPage Today) -- A set of simple interventions developed by the CDC can markedly reduce bloodstream infections among hemodialysis patients, researchers reported. (Source: MedPage Today Nephrology)
Source: MedPage Today Nephrology - May 15, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Source Type: news

Statins May Improve Kidney Cancer SurvivalStatins May Improve Kidney Cancer Survival
A new study shows that statin use is associated with a reduced risk for progression after surgery for renal cell carcinoma. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)
Source: Medscape Today Headlines - May 15, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Urology News Source Type: news

Starting Dialysis; Does the Patient Have to Be Very Sick?Starting Dialysis; Does the Patient Have to Be Very Sick?
Jeffrey Berns discusses the KDIGO recommendations for starting dialysis and talks about his discomfort with waiting until patients are very sick. Medscape Nephrology (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)
Source: Medscape Today Headlines - May 15, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Nephrology Commentary Source Type: news

Researchers Develop Implant To Regenerate Nerves
Some parts of the body, like the liver, can regenerate themselves after damage. But others, such as our nervous system, are considered either irreparable or slow to recover, leaving thousands with a lifetime of pain, limited mobility, or even paralysis. Now a team of Tel Aviv University researchers, including Dr. Shimon Rochkind of TAU's Sackler Faculty of Medicine and Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center and Prof. Zvi Nevo of TAU's Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, has invented a method for repairing damaged peripheral nerves... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - May 15, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Neurology / Neuroscience Source Type: news

Bayer starts Phase III trial on regorafenib in liver cancer
FRANKFURT (Reuters) - German drugmaker Bayer said on Wednesday it initiated a Phase III trial of its potential blockbuster drug regorafenib in patients with advanced liver cancer. (Source: Reuters: Health)
Source: Reuters: Health - May 15, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: healthNews Source Type: news

Bayer Initiates Phase III Trial of Regorafenib in Patients with Advanced Liver Cancer (for specialized target groups only)
(Source: Bayer Company News)
Source: Bayer Company News - May 15, 2013 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: news

High Cadmium Levels Increases Risk of Liver Disease
(Ivanhoe Newswire) -- Researchers at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine have discovered that people with higher levels of cadmium in their urine, which means they experienced chronic exposure to the heavy metal found in tobacco smoke and industrial emissions, are 3.5 times more likely to die of liver disease than people with lower levels. (Source: Medical Headlines From Ivanhoe.com)
Source: Medical Headlines From Ivanhoe.com - May 15, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Living by Major Roads May Harm Kidneys
(Ivanhoe Newswire) – A new study suggests living near a major road may impair kidney function, thus raising the risk of stroke and heart disease. In the study, researchers measured the serum creatinine of more than 1,100 adults who had a stroke between 1999 and 2004 upon their hospital admittance. Serum creatinine is filtered out by the kidneys in a process called glomerular filtration rate and this GFR can indicate if kidneys are functioning properly. (Source: Medical Headlines From Ivanhoe.com)
Source: Medical Headlines From Ivanhoe.com - May 15, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

U.S. FDA Grants Priority Review To Simeprevir (TMC435) For Combination Treatment Of Genotype 1 Chronic Hepatitis C
Janssen Research & Development, LLC (Janssen) announced today that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has granted Priority Review to the New Drug Application (NDA) for simeprevir (TMC435), an investigational NS3/4A protease inhibitor administered as a 150 mg capsule once daily with pegylated interferon and ribavirin for the treatment of genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C in adult patients with compensated liver disease. (Source: Pharmaceutical Online News)
Source: Pharmaceutical Online News - May 15, 2013 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: news

Robotic transplant an option for obese kidney patients
(University of Illinois at Chicago) Robotic kidney transplantation gives new hope to obese patients previously denied access to life-saving surgery. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - May 15, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Endothelin, Kidney Disease, and Hypertension [Recent Advances in Hypertension]
(Source: Hypertension)
Source: Hypertension - May 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Speed, J. S., Pollock, D. M. Tags: Recent Advances in Hypertension Source Type: research

Enhanced Angiotensin Receptor-Associated Protein in Renal Tubule Suppresses Angiotensin-Dependent Hypertension [Kidney]
We have previously shown that angiotensin II type 1 receptor-associated protein (ATRAP/Agtrap) interacts with the angiotensin II type 1 receptor and promotes constitutive internalization of the receptor so as to inhibit the pathological activation of its downstream signaling but preserve baseline physiological signaling activity. The present study was designed to investigate the role of renal ATRAP in angiotensin II–dependent hypertension. We generated transgenic mice dominantly expressing ATRAP in the renal tubules, including renal distal tubules. The renal ATRAP transgenic mice exhibited no significant change in bl...
Source: Hypertension - May 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wakui, H., Tamura, K., Masuda, S.-i., Tsurumi-Ikeya, Y., Fujita, M., Maeda, A., Ohsawa, M., Azushima, K., Uneda, K., Matsuda, M., Kitamura, K., Uchida, S., Toya, Y., Kobori, H., Nagahama, K., Yamashita, A., Umemura, S. Tags: ACE/Angiotension receptors, Hypertension - basic studies, Ion channels/membrane transport, Physiological and pathological control of gene expression Kidney Source Type: research

Angiotensin II Stimulates Basolateral 10-pS Cl Channels in the Thick Ascending Limb [Kidney]
Chloride channels in the basolateral membrane play a key role in Cl absorption in the thick ascending limb (TAL). The patch-clamp experiments were performed to test whether angiotensin II (AngII) increases Cl absorption in the TAL by stimulating the basolateral 10-pS Cl channels. AngII (1–100 nmol/L) stimulated the 10-pS Cl channel in the TAL, an effect that was blocked by losartan (angiotension AT1 receptor [AT1R] antagonist) but not by PD123319 (angiotension AT2 receptor [AT2R] antagonist). Inhibition of phospholipase C or protein kinase C also abolished the stimulatory effect of AngII on Cl channels. Moreover, sti...
Source: Hypertension - May 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Wu, P., Wang, M., Luan, H., Li, L., Wang, L., Wang, W.-H., Gu, R. Tags: ACE/Angiotension receptors, Animal models of human disease, Other hypertension, Hypertension - basic studies, Ion channels/membrane transport Kidney Source Type: research

Proximal Tubule Angiotensin AT2 Receptors Mediate an Anti-Inflammatory Response via Interleukin-10: Role in Renoprotection in Obese Rats [Kidney]
The angiotensin type 2 receptor (AT2R) has been shown to lower inflammation in the kidney. However, the role of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 in AT2R-mediated attenuation of inflammation has not been elucidated. We hypothesized that AT2R activation is renoprotective by directly increasing the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in the kidney via nitric oxide (NO) signaling. For in vitro studies, the human proximal tubule epithelial cell-line (human kidney-2 [HK-2]) was activated with lipopolysaccharide (10 μg/mL) and AT2R agonist C21 (1 μmol/L) for 24 hours, and media cytokine levels were ...
Source: Hypertension - May 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dhande, I., Ali, Q., Hussain, T. Tags: ACE/Angiotension receptors Kidney Source Type: research

Association of Smoking With Phenotype at Diagnosis and Vascular Interventions in Patients With Renal Artery Fibromuscular Dysplasia [Kidney]
In conclusion, current smoking is associated with a higher likelihood of renal artery FMD diagnosis. Rather than a higher incidence of FMD, this may reflect a more aggressive course in smokers, who have earlier hypertension leading to increased and earlier recognition of the disease. Smoking cessation should be strongly encouraged in patients with FMD. (Source: Hypertension)
Source: Hypertension - May 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Savard, S., Azarine, A., Jeunemaitre, X., Azizi, M., Plouin, P.-F., Steichen, O. Tags: Clinical Studies, Other etiology Kidney Source Type: research

Enhancement of liver and pancreas on late hepatic arterial phase Imaging: Quantitative comparison among multiple gadolinium‐based contrast agents at 1.5 tesla MRI
ConclusionOur study describes % enhancement of liver and pancreas using various GBCAs. The data may provide reference material on relaxation properties of GBCAs in vivo. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
Source: Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging - May 15, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Mi Jeong Kim, Seong Hyun Kim, Hee Jin Kim, Bong Soo Kim, Mateus Hernandes, Richard C. Semelka Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Editorial Comment to Anti‐oxidant activity and attenuation of bladder hyperactivity by the flavonoid compound kaempferol
(Source: International Journal of Urology)
Source: International Journal of Urology - May 15, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Hitoshi Masuda Tags: Editorial Comment Source Type: research

Clinical analysis of the PADUA and the RENAL scoring systems for renal neoplasms: A retrospective study of 245 patients undergoing laparoscopic partial nephrectomy
ConclusionsThe PADUA classification and RENAL nephrometry score are comprehensive assessment tools for delineating renal tumor anatomy. The reproducibility of the PADUA and RENAL scores is substantial, but further research is required to evaluate its performance in more accurately predicting operative and patient‐related outcomes. (Source: International Journal of Urology)
Source: International Journal of Urology - May 15, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Zhong‐Yuan Zhang, Qi Tang, Xue‐Song Li, Qian Zhang, Wesley A Mayer, Jing‐Yun Wu, Xue‐Dong Yang, Xiao‐Chun Zhang, Xiao‐Ying Wang, Li‐Qun Zhou Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Editorial comment to Regenerative medicine as a new therapeutic strategy for lower urinary tract dysfunction
(Source: International Journal of Urology)
Source: International Journal of Urology - May 15, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Tokunori Yamamoto, Momokazu Gotoh Tags: Editorial Comment Source Type: research

Tumor necrosis factor-{alpha}: regulation of renal function and blood pressure
Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a pleiotropic cytokine that becomes elevated in chronic inflammatory states such as hypertension and diabetes and has been found to mediate both increases and decreases in blood pressure. High levels of TNF-α decrease blood pressure, whereas moderate increases in TNF-α have been associated with increased NaCl retention and hypertension. The explanation for these disparate effects is not clear but could simply be due to different concentrations of TNF-α within the kidney, the physiological status of the subject, or the type of stimulus initiating the inflammat...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - May 15, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Ramseyer, V. D., Garvin, J. L. Tags: REVIEWS Source Type: research

Sisters in arms: myeloid and tubular epithelial cells shape renal innate immunity
The importance of innate immunity for survival is underscored by its presence at almost every level of the evolutionary tree of life. The task of "danger" recognition by the innate immune system is carried out by a broad class of pattern recognition receptors. These receptors are expressed in both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic cells such as renal epithelial cells. Upon activation, pattern recognition receptors induce essentially two types of defensive responses: inflammation and phagocytosis. In this review, we highlight evidence that renal epithelial cells are endowed with such defensive capabilities and as such full...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - May 15, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Hato, T., El-Achkar, T. M., Dagher, P. C. Tags: REVIEWS Source Type: research

The emerging role of MRI in quantitative renal glomerular morphology
Techniques to measure morphological parameters, such as glomerular (and thereby nephron) number, glomerular size, and kidney volume, have been vital to understanding factors contributing to chronic kidney disease (CKD). These techniques have also been important to understanding the associations between CKD and other systemic and cardiovascular diseases and have led to the identification of developmental risk factors for these pathologies. However, existing techniques in quantitative kidney morphology are resource- and time-consuming and are destructive to the organ. This review discusses the emerging generation of techniqu...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - May 15, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Bennett, K. M., Bertram, J. F., Beeman, S. C., Gretz, N. Tags: REVIEWS Source Type: research

Dose-dependent effects of angiotensin-(1-7) on the NHE3 exchanger and [Ca2+]i in in vivo proximal tubules
The acute direct action of angiotensin-(1–7) [ANG-(1–7)] on bicarbonate reabsorption (JHCO3–) was evaluated by stationary microperfusions on in vivo middle proximal tubules in rats using H ion-sensitive microelectrodes. The control JHCO3– is 2.82 ± 0.078 nmol·cm–2·s–1 (50). ANG-(1–7) (10–12 or 10–9 M) in luminally perfused tubules decreases JHCO3– (36 or 60%, respectively), but ANG-(1–7) (10–6 M) increases it (80%). A779 increases JHCO3– (30%) and prevents both the inhibitory and the stimulatory effects of ANG-(1–7) on ...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - May 15, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Castelo-Branco, R. C., Leite-Delova, D. C. A., de Mello-Aires, M. Tags: CALL FOR PAPERS Source Type: research

MiRNA-200b represses transforming growth factor-{beta}1-induced EMT and fibronectin expression in kidney proximal tubular cells
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) comprise of a novel class of endogenous small noncoding RNAs that frequently downregulate the expression of target genes. Recent reports suggest that miRNA-200b prevents epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in cancer cells by targeting the E-box binding transcription factors Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 (ZEB1) and Zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 2 (ZEB2). About 35% of active fibroblasts are derived from EMT which is central to the development of progressive renal fibrosis. Hence, this study was designed to assess the effect of miRNA-200b on transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β1)...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - May 15, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Tang, O., Chen, X.-M., Shen, S., Hahn, M., Pollock, C. A. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

miR-29c is downregulated in renal interstitial fibrosis in humans and rats and restored by HIF-{alpha} activation
In conclusion, miR-29c, an antifibrotic microRNA, is upregulated by HIF-α activation. MiR-29c is downregulated in renal interstitial fibrosis in humans and rats and restored by activation of HIF-α that attenuates fibrosis. (Source: AJP: Renal Physiology)
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - May 15, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Fang, Y., Yu, X., Liu, Y., Kriegel, A. J., Heng, Y., Xu, X., Liang, M., Ding, X. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

Reduction of oxidative stress during recovery accelerates normalization of primary cilia length that is altered after ischemic injury in murine kidneys
The primary cilium is a microtubule-based nonmotile organelle that extends from the surface of cells, including renal tubular cells. Here, we investigated the alteration of primary cilium length during epithelial cell injury and repair, following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) insult, and the role of reactive oxygen species in this alteration. Thirty minutes of bilateral renal ischemia induced severe renal tubular cell damage and an increase of plasma creatinine (PCr) concentration. Between 8 and 16 days following the ischemia, the increased PCr returned to normal range, although without complete histological restoration. Comp...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - May 15, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Kim, J. I., Kim, J., Jang, H.-S., Noh, M. R., Lipschutz, J. H., Park, K. M. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

Aquaporin 11 insufficiency modulates kidney susceptibility to oxidative stress
Aquaporin 11 (AQP11) is a newly described member of the protein family of transport channels. AQP11 associates with the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and is highly expressed in proximal tubular epithelial cells in the kidney. Previously, we identified and characterized a recessive mutation of the highly conserved Cys227 to Ser227 in mouse AQP11 that caused proximal tubule (PT) injury and kidney failure in mutant mice. The current study revealed induction of ER stress, unfolded protein response, and apoptosis as molecular mechanisms of this PT injury. Cys227Ser mutation interfered with maintenance of AQP11 oligomeric structure...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - May 15, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Atochina-Vasserman, E. N., Biktasova, A., Abramova, E., Cheng, D.-S., Polosukhin, V. V., Tanjore, H., Takahashi, S., Sonoda, H., Foye, L., Venkov, C., Ryzhov, S. V., Novitskiy, S., Shlonimskaya, N., Ikeda, M., Blackwell, T. S., Lawson, W. E., Gow, A. J., Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

Neonatal hyperoxia: effects on nephrogenesis and long-term glomerular structure
Preterm neonates are born while nephrogenesis is ongoing and are commonly exposed to factors in the extrauterine environment that may impair renal development. Supplemental oxygen therapy exposes the preterm infant to a hyperoxic environment that may induce oxidative stress. Our aim was to determine the immediate and long-term effects of exposure to hyperoxia, during the period of postnatal nephrogenesis, on renal development. Newborn mice (C57BL/6J) were kept in a normoxic (room air, 21% oxygen) or a controlled hyperoxic (65% oxygen) environment from birth to postnatal day 7 (P7d). From P7d, animals were maintained in roo...
Source: AJP: Renal Physiology - May 15, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Sutherland, M. R., O'Reilly, M., Kenna, K., Ong, K., Harding, R., Sozo, F., Black, M. J. Tags: ARTICLES Source Type: research

Dialysis: Guidelines May Reduce Bloodstream InfectionsDialysis: Guidelines May Reduce Bloodstream Infections
A quality improvement plan developed by the CDC is associated with a reduction in access-site-related bloodstream infections among patients receiving hemodialysis. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Medical News Headlines)
Source: Medscape Medical News Headlines - May 14, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Nephrology News Source Type: news

FDA Nod for Nymalize Nimodipine Oral Solution in SAH FDA Nod for Nymalize Nimodipine Oral Solution in SAH
The FDA has approved the first oral solution of nimodipine, with the aim of reducing fatal medication errors in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage. FDA Approvals (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)
Source: Medscape Today Headlines - May 14, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Nephrology News Alert Source Type: news

Study Evaluates Long-Term Effectiveness Of Surgery For Pelvic Organ Prolapse
Results after seven years of follow-up suggest that women considering abdominal sacrocolpopexy (surgery for pelvic organ prolapse [POP]) should be counseled that this procedure effectively provides relief from POP symptoms; however, the anatomic support deteriorates over time; and that adding an anti-incontinence procedure decreases, but does not eliminate the risk of stress urinary incontinence, and mesh erosion can be a problem, according to a study in the May 15 issue of JAMA... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - May 14, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Urology / Nephrology Source Type: news

Antiretrovirals Linked to Liver FibrosisAntiretrovirals Linked to Liver Fibrosis
A recent study looked for predictors of advanced fibrosis, which affects many patients coinfected with hepatitis B and HIV. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Medical News Headlines)
Source: Medscape Medical News Headlines - May 14, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Gastroenterology News Source Type: news