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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory.

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When and Why Do Territorial Coalitions Occur? Experimental Evidence from a Fiddler CrabEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The American Naturalist, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. Abstract: Neighboring territory owners are often less aggressive toward each other than to strangers (“dear enemy” effect). There is, however, little evidence for territorial defense coalitions whereby a neighbor will temporarily leave his/her own territory, enter that of a neighbor, and cooperate in repelling a conspecific intruder. This is surprising, as theoreticians have long posited the existence of such coalitions and the circumstances under which they should evolve. Here we document territorial defense coalitions in the African fiddler ...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 20, 2010 Category: Zoology Tags: article Natural History Note Source Type: journals

Differential Response to Circularly Polarized Light by the Jewel Scarab Beetle Chrysina gloriosaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The American Naturalist, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. Abstract: Circularly polarized light is rare in the terrestrial environment, and cuticular reflections from scarab beetles are one of the few natural sources. Chrysina gloriosa LeConte 1854, a scarab beetle found in montane juniper forests of the extreme southwestern United States and northern Mexico, are camouflaged in juniper foliage; however, when viewed with right circularly polarizing filters, the beetles exhibit a stark black contrast. Given the polarization‐specific changes in the appearance of C. gloriosa, we hypothesized that C. glorios...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 19, 2010 Category: Zoology Tags: article Natural History Note Source Type: journals

Animals That Randomly Reorient at Cues Left by Correlated Random Walkers Do the Lévy WalkEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The American Naturalist, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. Abstract: For many years, correlated random walks have been the dominant conceptual models used in describing nonoriented animal movements. Here it is shown that Lévy walk movement patterns will arise from animals that randomly reorient on detection of odor trails and/or scent marks left by correlated random walkers. The emergent Lévy walk movement patterns are advantageous when one is randomly searching for sparsely distributed resources. Consequently, there will be strong selection pressures for the aforementioned reorientation process when re...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 19, 2010 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Mixed Infections and the Evolution of Virulence: Effects of Resource Competition, Parasite Plasticity, and Impaired Host ImmunityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The American Naturalist, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. Abstract: Mixed‐genotype parasite infections are common in nature. Theoretical studies analyze the effects of such infections over evolutionary time and predict an increase in virulence due to the competitive advantage of virulent parasites. In contrast, experimental studies compare the overall virulence of mixed and single infections within one generation. Although these within‐generation comparisons have limited relevance to existing theory, they demonstrate that within‐host parasite interactions are not restricted to competition for resou...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 19, 2010 Category: Zoology Tags: article ‐Article Source Type: journals

Erratum to: Chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) accurately compare poured liquid quantities.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 20237817 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Animal Cognition)
Source: Animal Cognition - March 18, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Beran MJ Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals

Neuropeptidomic analysis of the embryonic Japanese quail diencephalonEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: This study is the first larger study on endogenous peptides in the developing brain and implies a previously unknown role for a number of neuropeptides in middle to late avian embryogenesis. It demonstrates the power of label-free liquid chromatography mass spectrometry to analyze the expression of multiple endogenous peptides and the potential to detect new putative peptide candidates in a developmental model. (Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles)
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - March 18, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Birger ScholzHenrik AlmAnna MattssonAnna NilssonKim KultimaMikhail SavitskiMaria FalthKarl SkoldBjorn BrunstromPer AndrenLennart Dencker Source Type: journals

Sensory complement model helps to predict diel alarm response patterns in juvenile Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) under natural conditionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Antoine O.H.C. Leduc, Jae-Woo Kim, Camille J. Macnaughton, and Grant E. Brown - Fish rely on both chemical and visual cues to evaluate predation risk. Decisions with respect to activity partitioning in time (i.e., night vs. day) rely... (Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology)
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - March 16, 2010 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals

Detection of natural barriers to movement of lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) within the Namakan River, OntarioEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A. B. Welsh and D. T. McLeod - Many populations of lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens Rafinesque, 1817) are below historic population sizes, and migration barriers have likely contributed to some of these population... (Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology)
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - March 16, 2010 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals

Cutaneous Immune Activity, but Not Innate Immune Responsiveness, Covaries with Mass and Environment in Nestling House Wrens (Troglodytes aedon)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. Abstract Immunological measures are increasingly being applied to ecological and evolutionary studies of wild vertebrates, yet frequently it is not clear how condition and environmental factors correlate with various immune parameters. We used mixed‐model ANOVA to examine the effects of several measures of condition (both morphological and physiological) and environmental factors on two measures of immune responsiveness in nestling house wrens (Troglodytes aedon L.) to test the hypothesis that nestlings in good condition mount stro...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - March 16, 2010 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Flight Distance and Eye Size in BirdsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Larger eyes capture more information from the environment than small eyes, but also require more brain space for information processing. Therefore, individuals have to optimize the size of their eyes, leading to the prediction that larger eyes should have evolved in species with greater benefits from large eyes, such as species subject to intense predation risk. In a comparative analysis of 97 bird species, we found that species that fled at longer distances from an approaching potential predator indeed had relatively large eyes for their body size. In contrast, there was no indication that large eyes had evolved in specie...
Source: Ethology - March 16, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Anders P. Møller, Johannes Erritzøe Source Type: journals

Kin Recognition in the largely Solitary Bee, Manuelia postica (Apidae: Xylocopinae)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The recognition of conspecifics is a central issue to social behaviour. In eusocial hymenopterans, kin recognition has been clearly demonstrated. Manuelia postica is a largely solitary bee species in which larvae develop inside individual cells within a nest and remain isolated from conspecifics until the destruction of partitions by adults. Nestmate recognition in M. postica has been previously demonstrated under experimental conditions. Isolation between individuals during development and nestmate recognition ability in adult females make M. postica an ideal species for testing the occurrence of kin recognition capacity ...
Source: Ethology - March 16, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Luis Flores-Prado, Hermann M. Niemeyer Source Type: journals

What Makes Vocalisation Frequency an Unreliable Signal of Body Size in Birds? A Study on Black SwansEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In many animal species, the frequency (pitch) of vocalisations correlates negatively with body size and may thus signal competitive ability. However, this relationship is absent in other species. Understanding why this difference exists across species may help to explain some of the diversity of vocal communication systems. We assessed whether vocalisation frequency signals body size in black swans (Cygnus atratus), and how this is affected by (i) variation in frequency within individuals and (ii) size variation across individuals. Frequency was correlated with body size and mass, with slopes close to the allometry expecte...
Source: Ethology - March 16, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Rakhee Patel, Raoul A. Mulder, Gonçalo C. Cardoso Source Type: journals

Behavioural Syndromes in Urban and Rural Populations of Song SparrowsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we examined boldness and territorial aggression in urban and rural populations of song sparrows. We found that urban birds were bolder towards humans and that urban birds also showed higher levels of territorial aggression. We also found an overall correlation between boldness and territorial aggression, suggesting that urban boldness may be part of a behavioural syndrome. However, we see no correlation between boldness and aggression in the urban population, and thus, more work is needed to determine the mechanisms accounting for high levels of boldness and aggression urban song sparrows. (Source: Ethology)
Source: Ethology - March 16, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Jackson Evans, Kyle Boudreau, Jeremy Hyman Source Type: journals

Ontogeny of swimming movements in bronze corydoras (Corydoras aeneus)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Q. Mauguit, D. Olivier, N. Vandewalle, and P. Vandewalle - Fish larvae experience fundamental morphological, physiological, and physical changes from hatching to adulthood. All of these changes have an effect on the locomotor movements observed... (Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology)
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - March 13, 2010 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals

Song Learning in Wild and Domesticated Strains of White-Rumped Munia, Lonchura striata, Compared by Cross-Fostering Procedures: Domestication Increases Song Variability by Decreasing Strain-Specific BiasEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Song diversity results from the interactions between natural selection, sexual selection, and individual learning. To understand song diversity, all three factors must be considered collectively, not separately. Bengalese Finches were domesticated about 250 yr ago. Their courtship songs have become different from their ancestor, the White-rumped Munia. Bengalese Finches sing songs with complex note-to-note transition patterns and with acoustically diverse song notes while White-rumped Munias sing songs with fixed note sequence and mostly broad band song notes. Bengalese Finches were selected for domestication based on thei...
Source: Ethology - March 11, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Miki Takahasi, Kazuo Okanoya Source Type: journals

The Condition Dependence and Heritability of Signaling and Nonsignaling Color Traits in Paper WaspsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The American Naturalist, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. Abstract: Research on quality signal development typically focuses on signals with production costs; less is known about signals that lack production costs (conventional signals). Here, I test the condition dependence and heritability of the facial patterns that function as a conventional signal of quality in Polistes dominulus wasps. Two aspects of facial patterns are compared: (1) amount of black pigment (no signal value) and (2) disruption in the black pigment’s distribution (quality signal). When colonies received the same diet, they produce...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 10, 2010 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Altitudinal migration in American Dippers (Cinclus mexicanus): Do migrants produce higher quality offspring?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
R. H. Mackas, D. J. Green, I. B.J. Whitehorne, E. N. Fairhurst, H. A. Middleton, and C. A. Morrissey - Breeding at high elevations can favour life-history strategies in which parents shift to investing in higher quality rather than higher numbers of offspring. In American... (Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology)
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - March 10, 2010 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals

Anti-Predator Behaviour in a Nocturnal Primate, the Grey Mouse Lemur (Microcebus murinus)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Although one-third of all primates are nocturnal, their anti-predator behaviour has rarely been studied. Because of their small body size, in combination with their solitary and nocturnal life style, it has been suggested that they mainly rely on crypsis to evade predators. However, recent studies revealed that nocturnal primates are not generally cryptic and that they exhibit predator-specific escape strategies as well as alarm calls. In order to add to this new body of research, we studied anti-predator strategies of nocturnal grey mouse lemurs experimentally. In order to elicit anti-predator behaviour and alarm calls, w...
Source: Ethology - March 10, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Moritz Rahlfs, Claudia Fichtel Source Type: journals

Cannibals in Space: The Coevolution of Cannibalism and Dispersal in Spatially Structured PopulationsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The American Naturalist, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. Abstract: The propensity for cannibalism varies considerably both within and between species. Currently we have little understanding of both the causes of this variation and its evolutionary consequences for other life‐history traits. We examine how different levels of spatial structure affect the evolution of cannibalism and how cannibalism in turn drives the evolution of dispersal. Using pair approximations and simulations, we show that cannibalism can easily evolve in spatially structured populations as long as some dispersal exists. Furtherm...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 9, 2010 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Stable Isotopes Link Diet to Avian Yolk Carotenoid Allocation: A Comparative Study of Five Auk Species (Charadriiformes: Alcidae)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. Abstract The allocation of important but environmentally limited nutrients, such as carotenoids, often represents a trade‐off between homeostasis and reproduction. However, key questions remain about how diet and species traits influence carotenoid allocation. We studied yolk carotenoid profiles and yolk color in relation to trophic level (based on δ15N values) in five species of seabirds belonging to the family Alcidae: common murre (Uria aalge), pigeon guillemot (Cepphus columba), Cassin’s auklet (Ptychoramphus aleuticus), rhi...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - March 9, 2010 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Molecular profiling of the developing mouse axial skeleton: a role for Tgfbr2 in the development of the intervertebral discEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: We propose TGF-b has two functions in IVD development: 1) to prevent chondrocyte differentiation in the presumptive IVD and 2) to promote differentiation of annulus fibrosus from sclerotome. We have identified genes that are enriched in the IVD and regulated by TGF-b that warrant further investigation as regulators of IVD development. (Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles)
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - March 9, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Philip SohnMegan CoxDongquan ChenRosa Serra Source Type: journals

Primates in traditional folk medicine: a world overviewEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Almost 50% of primate species are in danger of becoming extinct, according to the criteria of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species. This is partly because of their consumption by humans. The reasons for hunting vary by region. One pretext is the medicinal or magical value of products derived from these animals. In this paper, we provide an overview of the global use of primates in traditional folk medicines as well as identifying the species used as remedies associated with folk beliefs. Some important questions relating to the conservation of primates are addressed. Our ...
Source: Mammal Review - March 9, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Rômulo R. N. ALVES, Wedson M. S. SOUTO, Raynner R. D. BARBOZA Source Type: journals

The response of intestinal mucous cells to the presence of enteric helminths: their distribution, histochemistry and fine structureEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Histochemical and ultrastructural investigations were conducted on the mucous cells of the intestine of brown trout, Salmo trutta L., naturally infected with the cestode Cyathocephalus truncatus (Pallas, 1781) and the acanthocephalan Echinorhynchus truttae Shrank, 1788. A subpopulation of 45 S. trutta were examined of which 15 specimens harboured E. truttae, 15 of which were infected with C. truncatus and 15 fish, the control group, were uninfected. In histological sections, hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the mucous cells were evident at the site of parasite infection. Enhanced mucus secretion was also recorded in infected...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - March 9, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: B S Dezfuli, F Pironi, M Campisi, A P Shinn, L Giari Source Type: journals

Cell cycle arrest by a gradient of Dpp signaling during Drosophila eye developmentEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions G1 arrest occurs at a threshold level of Dpp signaling within a morphogen gradient in the anterior eye. G1 arrest is specific for one competent domain in the eye disc, allowing Dpp signaling to promote growth at earlier developmental stages. (Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles)
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - March 9, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Lucy FirthAbhishek BhattacharyaNicholas Baker Source Type: journals

The Effects of Temporal Resolution on Species Turnover and on Testing Metacommunity ModelsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The American Naturalist, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. Abstract: Patterns of low temporal turnover in species composition found within paleoecological time series contrast with the high turnover predicted by neutral metacommunity models and thus have been used to support nonneutral models. However, these predictions assume temporal resolution on the scale of a season or year, whereas individual fossil assemblages are typically time averaged to decadal or centennial timescales. We simulate the effects of time averaging by building time‐averaged assemblages from local dispersal‐limited, nonaveraged ...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 8, 2010 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Temporal Variation in the Carrying Capacity of a Perennial Grass PopulationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The American Naturalist, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. Abstract: Density dependence and, therefore, K (carrying capacity, equilibrium population size) are central to understanding and predicting changes in population size (N). Although resource levels certainly fluctuate, K has almost always been treated as constant in both theoretical and empirical studies. We quantified temporal variation in K by fitting extensions of standard population dynamic models to 16 annual censuses of a population of the perennial bunchgrass Bouteloua rigidiseta. Variable‐K models provided substantially better fits to the...
Source: The American Naturalist - March 8, 2010 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Evaluation of histopathology, real-time PCR and virus isolation for diagnosis of infectious salmon anaemia in Norwegian salmon using latent class analysisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Journal of Fish Diseases)
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - March 8, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: T Abayneh, N Toft, A B Mikalsen, E Brun, M Sandberg Source Type: journals

Changes in skin mucus of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L., after exposure to water with a high bacterial loadEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the effect of an increase of overall bacterial load in tank water on carp skin mucus was assessed. Intracellular and released high molecular weight glycoproteins (HMGs) of carp skin mucus were analysed for changes using histological, histochemical and biochemical techniques. Increase of bacterial load did not induce obvious clinical responses in carp, but the skin of exposed carp responded quickly. The amount of skin mucus HMGs isolated increased as well as their total glycosylation. An increased goblet cell number was observed for all carbohydrate stainings, but most clearly for acidic glycoconjugates. A ch...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - March 8, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: M van der Marel, N Caspari, H Neuhaus, W Meyer, M-L Enss, D Steinhagen Source Type: journals

First description of atypical furunculosis in freshwater farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in ChileEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report the first isolation, identification and characterization of a group of Chilean strains of atypical Aeromonas salmonicida isolated from freshwater farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar. Affected fish showed superficial ulcers and pale liver with or without petechial haemorrhages. Outbreaks of the disease occurred in two farms in the south of Chile about 2200 km apart. Five strains were isolated in pure culture and identified by serological assays and immunofluorescence tests as belonging to Aeromonas salmonicida. Although the bacterial isolates were phenotypically homogeneous, minor differences with the reference st...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - March 8, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: M Godoy, V Gherardelli, A Heisinger, J Fernández, P Olmos, L Ovalle, P Ilardi, R Avendaño-Herrera Source Type: journals

Treatment development for systemic Tetrahymena sp. infection in guppies, Poecilia reticulata PetersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Antibacterial and antiparasitic agents and a cysteine protease inhibitor (E-64) were tested against Tetrahymena infection, a serious problem in guppy production worldwide. Chemicals were tested in vitro by a colorimetric assay for Tetrahymena survival. The most effective were niclosamide, albendazole and chloroquine, with 23%, 35% and 60% survival, respectively, following 2-h exposure to 100 ppm. Longer incubation periods resulted in greater reductions in survival. Niclosamide was further studied in vivo at different dosages, administered orally to Tetrahymena-infected guppies. Mortality rates were significantly lower in a...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - March 8, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: M Pimenta Leibowitz, J Kumar Chettri, R Ofir, D Zilberg Source Type: journals

Clinical white spot disease status in Penaeus monodon during the middle of the culture period – its epidemiological significanceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Journal of Fish Diseases)
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - March 8, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: A K Sahoo, C V Mohan, K M Shankar, F Corsin, J F Turnbull, P C Thakur, N V Hao, K L Morgan, A P Padiyar Source Type: journals

Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae in spawning pink salmon, Oncorhynchus gorbuscha (Walbaum), in the Quinsam River, British Columbia, CanadaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Journal of Fish Diseases)
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - March 8, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: L M Braden, G Prosperi-Porta, E Kim, S R M Jones Source Type: journals

DNA methylation patterns in tissues from mid-gestation bovine foetuses produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer show subtle abnormalities in nuclear reprogramming.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: These results show that SCNT foetuses that had developed to mid-gestation had largely undergone nuclear reprogramming and that the epigenetic signature at this stage was not a good predictor of whether the foetus would develop to term or not. (Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles)
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - March 7, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Christine CouldreyRita Lee Source Type: journals

Facial perception of conspecifics: chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) preferentially attend to proper orientation and open eyes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This paper reports on the use of an eye-tracking technique to examine how chimpanzees look at facial photographs of conspecifics. Six chimpanzees viewed a sequence of pictures presented on a monitor while their eye movements were measured by an eye tracker. The pictures presented conspecific faces with open or closed eyes in an upright or inverted orientation in a frame. The results demonstrated that chimpanzees looked at the eyes, nose, and mouth more frequently than would be expected on the basis of random scanning of faces. More specifically, they looked at the eyes longer than they looked at the nose and mouth when...
Source: Animal Cognition - March 6, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Hirata S, Fuwa K, Sugama K, Kusunoki K, Fujita S Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals

Influence of incubation temperature on morphology and locomotion performance of Leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea) hatchlingsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
L. E. Mickelson and J. R. Downie - The journey of Leatherback (Dermochelys coriacea (Vandelli, 1761)) hatchlings from nest to the sea is a vulnerable life-history stage. Studies have shown that nest incubation... (Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology)
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - March 5, 2010 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals

Relative growth, life-history phases, and sexual maturity of American lobster (Homarus americanus)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Kim Émond, Bernard Sainte-Marie, and Louise Gendron - Previous studies of relative growth in crustaceans have focused primarily on body parts representing sexual characters for the purpose of determining size at onset of... (Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology)
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - March 5, 2010 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals

The Fate of Carbon in Growing Fish: An Experimental Study of Isotopic RoutingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. Abstract The application of stable isotope analysis to ecology requires estimating the contribution of different isotopic sources to the isotopic signatures of an animal’s tissues using mixing models. These models make the physiologically unrealistic assumption that assimilated nutrients are disassembled into their elemental components and that these atoms are then reassembled into biomolecules. We quantified the extent to which mixing models yield erroneous results with an experiment using Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - March 5, 2010 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals

White spot syndrome virus in wild penaeid shrimp caught in coastal and offshore waters in the southern Atlantic OceanEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Journal of Fish Diseases)
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - March 5, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: L S Cavalli, B F S Nornberg, S A Netto, L Poersch, L A Romano, L F Marins, P C Abreu Source Type: journals

Protection against heterologous Streptococcus iniae isolates using a modified bacterin vaccine in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objectives of this study were to determine whether a developed modified S. iniae (ARS-98-60) bacterin vaccine is efficacious in Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.), against challenge with heterologous isolates from diverse geographical locations and to evaluate protein and antigenic variability among the isolates tested. Two groups of tilapia (approximately 5 g) were intraperitoneally (IP) vaccinated with 100 [mu]L of the vaccine or sham vaccinated with 100 [mu]L of sterile tryptic soy broth and held for 28 days. Fish were challenged with each isolate by IP injection of 2[ndash]3 × 107 CFU per fish using calcein ...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - March 5, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: C A Shoemaker, B R LaFrentz, P H Klesius, J J Evans Source Type: journals

Using Principal Components and Factor Analysis in Animal Behaviour Research: Caveats and GuidelinesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article provides simple non-technical guidelines for PCA and FA. A standard for reporting the results of these analyses is suggested. Studies using PCA and FA must report: (1) whether the correlation or covariance matrix was used; (2) sample size, preferably as a footnote to the table of factor loadings; (3) indices of sampling adequacy; (4) how the number of factors was assessed; (5) communalities when sample size is small; (6) details of factor rotation; (7) if factor scores are computed, present determinacy indices; (8) preferably they should publish the original correlation matrix. (Source: Ethology)
Source: Ethology - March 4, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Sergey V. Budaev Source Type: journals

The Effect of Male Incubation Feeding, Food and Temperature on the Incubation Behaviour of New Zealand RobinsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined how male incubation feeding, ambient temperature and food availability (invertebrate biomass) affected the different components of females' incubation behaviour and whether incubation behaviour explained variation in nest survival. Our results suggest that male incubation feeding rates of 2.8 per hour affect the female's incubation rhythm by reducing both on- and off-bout duration, resulting in no effect on female nest attentiveness, thus no support for the female-nutritional hypothesis. The incubation behaviours that we measured did not explain nest survival, despite high nest predation rates. Increased ambien...
Source: Ethology - March 3, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Rebecca L. Boulton, Yvan Richard, Doug P. Armstrong Source Type: journals

Cutaneous application of an accessory-gland secretion after sperm exchange in a terrestrial slug (Mollusca: Pulmonata).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Competition for fertilisation in hermaphroditic animals seems to have led to many odd behaviours and complex morphologies involved in the transfer of accessory-gland products to the partner. Terrestrial slugs of the genus Deroceras show remarkably elaborate and interspecifically diverse penis morphologies and mating behaviours. Most species have an appending penial gland, which in Deroceras panormitanum consists of a few long fingers that are everted after sperm exchange and laid onto the partner's back. To investigate whether this gland transfers a secretion onto the partner's skin, we killed slugs at different mating...
Source: Zoology - March 2, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Benke M, Reise H, Montagne-Wajer K, Koene JM Tags: Zoology (Jena) Source Type: journals

Bluegill Coloration as a Sexual Ornament: Evidence From Ontogeny, Sexual Dichromatism, and Condition DependenceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In aquatic environments, visual communication is expected in animals that inhabit clear, shallow waters. Here, we investigate variation in the colorful traits of bluegills, Lepomis macrochirus, to elucidate their possible function. Bluegills use alternative mating tactics whereby males develop into one of two irreversible phenotypes termed parental and cuckolder. Parentals build and defend nests and care for offspring whereas cuckolders obtain matings by sneaking copulations. We hypothesized that bluegill coloration might function as a sexual ornament in parental males and that ornamental coloration might serve as an hones...
Source: Ethology - March 2, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Karen M. Cogliati, Lynda D. Corkum, Stéphanie M. Doucet Source Type: journals

Boldness and Information Use in Three-Spined SticklebacksEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In foraging groups, individuals may utilise information from their social environment to aid decision making when choosing where to search for food. Little work has looked at the costs or benefits of behavioural differences, such as consistent individual variation in boldness, with respect to learning ability. Here, we investigate the response of three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus) to 'social cues', 'local enhancement' and 'public information' during foraging tasks. Our results confirm previous work suggesting that this species responds to social cues and local enhancement but not public information. Variatio...
Source: Ethology - March 2, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Jennifer L. Harcourt, Samuel Biau, Rufus Johnstone, Andrea Manica Source Type: journals

Foraging behaviors of two sympatric ant species in response to lizard eggs.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, I performed a field experiment to investigate the outcome of potential food competition between an encounter species (Paratrechina longicornis) and an exploitative one (Pheidole taivanensis) and to examine the factors that may explain the behavior of P. taivanensis when obtaining food (lizard eggs) without being attacked by P. longicornis. When P. longicornis was experimentally introduced to eggs occupied by P. taivanensis for 1 day, it displaced P. taivanensis. However, P. longicornis ignored lizard eggs which had been occupied by P. taivanensis for 2 or more days, and did not displace P. taivanensis, becau...
Source: Zoology - March 1, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Huang WS Tags: Zoology (Jena) Source Type: journals

Behavioral Batesian Mimicry Involving lntraspecific Polymorphism in the Butterfly Papilio polytes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Batesian mimics gain protection from predation by their similarity to distasteful models. In butterflies, it has been thought that distasteful species and Batesian mimics fly slowly and in a straight line, but few studies have demonstrated their behavioral similarity, and no studies have been conducted on behavioral mimicry Involving Batesian intraspecific polymorphism. Here, we compared the wing stroke among various butterflies: palatable non-mimetic Papilio xuthus, unpalatable Pachliopta aristolochiae, and palatable polymorphic Papilio polytes (cyrus form, non-mimetic females; polytes form, Batesian mimetic females) ...
Source: Zoological Science - March 1, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Kitamura T, Imafuku M Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals

Genetic Divergence and Evolutionary Relationship in Fejervarya cancrivora from Indonesia and Other Asian Countries Inferred from Allozyme and MtDNA Sequence Analyses.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To elucidate genetic divergence and evolutionary relationship in Fejervarya cancrivora from Indonesia and other Asian countries, allozyme and molecular analyses were carried out using 131 frogs collected from 24 populations in Indonesia, Thailand, Bangladesh, Malaysia, and the Philippines. In the allozymic survey, seventeen enzymatic loci were examined for 92 frogs from eight representative localities. The results showed that F. cancrivora is subdivided into two main groups, the mangrove type and the large- plus Pelabuhan ratu types. The average Nel's genetic distance between the two groups was 0.535. Molecular phyloge...
Source: Zoological Science - March 1, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Kurniawan N, Islam MM, Djong TH, Igawa T, Daicus MB, Yong HS, Wanichanon R, Khan MM, Iskandar DT, Nishioka M, Sumida M Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals

A new species of condyloderes (cyclorhagida, kinorhyncha) from Korea.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study reveals similarities in several morphological characters between this genus and species of Campyloderes Zelinka, 1913. PMID: 20192691 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Zoological Science)
Source: Zoological Science - March 1, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Sørensen MV, Rho HS, Kim D Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals

Sex Determination and Individual Identification of American Minks (Neovison vison) on Hokkaido, Northern Japan, by Fecal DNA Analysis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined the sex chromosome-linked genes ZFX and ZFY and 11 microsatellite loci to identify individuals. From microsatellite genotypes, the probability of identity was calculated to distinguish between individuals with 99% certainty. To evaluate the accuracy of the genotyping results, we used two approaches for several randomly selected samples. In the first approach, we genotyped all samples from the results of a maximum of three independent polymerase chain reactions (PCRs). In the second approach, we genotyped 10% of the samples from the results of five independent PCRs. Samples subsequent genotypings disagreed with ...
Source: Zoological Science - March 1, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Shimatani Y, Takeshita T, Tatsuzawa S, Ikeda T, Masuda R Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals

Evolution of Reptilian Viviparity: A Test of the Maternal Manipulation Hypothesis in a Temperate Snake, Gloydius brevicaudus (Viperidae).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We kept 48 gravid short-tailed pit vipers (Gloydius brevicaudus) under four laboratory thermal conditions during gestation and collected 10 females from the field soon before they gave birth to test whether Shine's ( 1995 ) maternal manipulation hypothesis applies to temperate reptiles. Females thermoregulated more precisely but did not shift their selected body temperatures during pregnancy, with females at high body temperatures giving birth early in the breeding season. The lowest (22 degrees C) and highest (32 degrees C) temperature treatments Increased maternal mortality and resulted in production of offspring wit...
Source: Zoological Science - March 1, 2010 Category: Zoology Authors: Gao JF, Qu YF, Luo LG, Ji X Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals