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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 22.

Epigenetic reprogramming of Yak iSCNT embryos after donor cell pre-treatment with oocyte extracts.
This study aims to evaluate the effect of pre-treatment donor cell with oocyte extracts on the early developmental competence of yak iSCNT embryos. Yak fibroblasts were reversibly permeabilized with streptolysin O, and then treated with yak oocyte extracts (YOE) or bovine oocyte extracts (BOE) prior to iSCNT. The 8-cell and blastocyst formation increased significantly compared with the control group (P<0.05) when donor cells pre-treated with YOE or BOE. The relative expression level of embryo-specific genes TBP1 and Mash2 were also up-regulated both in the blastocysts of the YOE and BOE groups. In addition, the methylat...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - July 20, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Xiong XR, Wang LJ, Zi XD, Ma L, Xu WB, Wang YS, Li J Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: research

Ceratomyxa shasta genotypes cause differential mortality in their salmonid hosts
AbstractCeratomyxa shasta is a myxozoan parasite of salmonid fish. In natural communities, distinct genotypes of the parasite are associated with different salmonid hosts. To test the hypothesis that genotypes of C. shasta cause differential mortality, the polychaete host was experimentally infected with different parasite genotypes. Genotype I was obtained from Chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, and genotype II from either coho salmon, O. kisutch, or rainbow trout, O. mykiss, We then challenged four salmonid strains: Chinook and coho salmon that occur in sympatry with the parasite and allopatric Chinook salmon an...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - July 19, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: C N Hurst, J L Bartholomew Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Water Availability Affects Female Remating in the Seed Beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis
AbstractBenefits of multiple mating to females may come from the acquisition of water in male ejaculates. This hypothesis seems plausible in species in which males provide females with large ejaculates and has been tested with the prediction that females mate more frequently when an external source of water is unavailable. My study observed that females deprived of water were more likely to remate than females given water in the adzuki bean beetle, Callosobruchus chinensis. This result suggests that females may absorb the water in male ejaculates and thus change their remating receptivity according to the need for addition...
Source: Ethology - July 19, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Tomohiro Harano Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Assessing Short‐ and Long‐Term Repeatability and Stability of Personality in Captive Zebra Finches Using Longitudinal Data
AbstractAssessing behavioural consistency is crucial to understand the evolution of personality traits. In the present study, we examined the short‐ and long‐term repeatability and stability of two unrelated personality traits – exploratory tendencies and struggling rate – using captive female zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata). We performed two experimental sessions of behavioural tests with a 7‐mo interval, which represents up to one quarter of a zebra finch's life expectancy. We showed that, overall, exploratory tendencies and struggling rate were significantly repeatable in the short term. However, only expl...
Source: Ethology - July 19, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Morgan David, Yannick Auclair, Frank Cézilly Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Changes in intake of milk and dairy products among elementary schoolchildren following experiential studies of dairy farming
This study intends to clarify the effects of hands‐on dairy farming experience on the consumption of milk and dairy products. A survey was conducted on 474 elementary schoolchildren and their parents at eight elementary schools that offered hands‐on dairy farming experience at four dairy farms in Hokkaido, Japan. In the survey, questionnaires were used to inquire about the children's milk and dairy product intake before and after the hands‐on experience. In addition, milk intake at school was investigated weekly for 3 months after the hands‐on experience. The parents were asked about the children's intake of milk...
Source: Animal Science Journal - July 19, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Tetsuya SEO, Masayuki KANEKO, Fumiro KASHIWAMURA Source Type: research

Effects of exposure to plant‐derived odorants on behavior and the concentration of stress‐related hormones in steers isolated under a novel environment
This study was conducted to investigate physiological and behavioral effects of the exposure to plant‐derived odorants in Holstein steers (8 month of age) under the acute stress of social isolation in a novel environment. Each steer was tethered in a new room alone and exposed to one of three odorants: a mixture of equal amounts of trans‐2‐hexenal and cis‐3‐hexenol (green odor, GO; n = 5), essential oil of grapefruits (EOG; n = 5) and solvent (SOL; n = 6). Behaviors were recorded and blood samples were taken at intervals of 10–15 min for 6 h. Compared with SOL, exposure to GO or EOG decreased the ...
Source: Animal Science Journal - July 19, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Madoka SUTOH, Shuichi ITO, Etsuko KASUYA, Ken‐ichi YAYOU Source Type: research

Food preservative potential of gassericin A‐containing concentrate prepared from cheese whey culture supernatant of Lactobacillus gasseri LA39
In this study, GA‐containing concentrate was prepared using a cross‐flow membrane filtration device (30 kDa cut‐off) from the culture supernatant of Lb. gasseri LA39 cultivated in a cheese whey‐based food‐grade medium. The bacteriocin activity titer in the concentrate was 16 times as high as that of the culture supernatant and was completely maintained through each incubation at 4°C for 3 months, 37°C for 2 months, 60°C for 5 h, and 100°C for 30 min. The GA‐containing concentrate was used with glycine powder to make custard creams, and then four representative strains of custard cream spoilage bac...
Source: Animal Science Journal - July 19, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Kiyoshi NAKAMURA, Kensuke ARAKAWA, Yasushi KAWAI, Narimi YASUTA, Takahiro CHUJO, Masamichi WATANABE, Hiroyuki IIOKA, Masashi TANIOKA, Junko NISHIMURA, Haruki KITAZAWA, Koichi TSURUMI, Tadao SAITO Source Type: research

Histological and histochemical study of the duodenum of the plains viscacha (Lagostomus maximus) at different stages of its ontogenetic development
AbstractThe general objective of this study focused on the duodenal histological and histochemical analysis of fetuses and adults of plains viscacha (Lagostomus maximus) from the Buenos Aires province (Argentina). Histological techniques, histochemical procedures for localizing and characterizing glycoproteins (GPs) and lectin histochemical techniques for the identification of specific sugar residues were used. The duodenal structure of all age groups here considered was typical of mammals. We identified a proliferation phase and an epithelial morphogenesis in mid‐gestational fetuses, an intermediate period of cell diffe...
Source: Acta Zoologica - July 19, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: María Florencia Tano de la Hoz, Mirta Alicia Flamini, Alcira Ofelia Díaz Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Changes in expression of hepatic genes involved in lipid metabolism during prehibernation period in captive adult female Japanese black bears (Ursus thibetanus japonicus)
Canadian Journal of Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 945-954, e-First articles.
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - July 18, 2012 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: research

Scale-dependent drivers of ungulate patch use along a temporal and spatial gradient of snow depth
Canadian Journal of Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 972-983, e-First articles.
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - July 18, 2012 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: research

Inferences about the location of food in lemurs (Eulemur macaco and Eulemur fulvus): a comparison with apes and monkeys.
This study reveals that (1) lemurs are capable of inferential reasoning by exclusion and (2) lemurs make better use of auditory than visual information. The results are compared with the performances recorded in apes and monkeys under the same paradigm. PMID: 22806271 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Animal Cognition - July 18, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Maille A, Roeder JJ Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: research

Monkeys perceive the orientation of objects relative to the vertical axis.
In this study, to determine the reference axis for orientation perception in monkeys, post-discrimination generalization tests were conducted following discrimination training between the 67.5° and 112.5° orientations and between the 22.5° and 157.5° orientations. After discrimination training between the 67.5° and 112.5° orientations, the slope of the generalization gradient around the S(+) orientation was broad, while the slope was steep after discrimination training between the 22.5° and 157.5° orientations. Comparing the shapes of the gradients indicated that the subjective distance between the 67.5° and 112.5...
Source: Animal Cognition - July 18, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Wakita M Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: research

Isolation and partial characterization of a new reovirus in the Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis H Milne Edwards
AbstractA second type of freshwater crab reovirus has been isolated from Chinese mitten crab, Eriocheir sinensis H. Milne Edwards, in China; we named it E. sinensis reovirus (EsRV816). The negatively stained virion is a non‐enveloped icosahedral particle, 60 ± 5 nm in diameter. Its genome is composed of 10 dsRNA linear pieces exhibiting an electrophoretic pattern of 5/3/2. The largest segment (RNA‐1) was cloned and sequenced. The deduced amino acid sequence, corresponding to the RdRp of the virus, showed 26% identity with the RdRp of Operophtera brumata (L.) cypovirus 19 in the genus Cypovirus and 24% identity ...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - July 18, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: S Zhang, J‐R Bonami Source Type: research

Geographical distribution of salmonid alphavirus subtypes in marine farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L., in Scotland and Ireland
Abstract Sequence data from salmonid alphavirus (SAV) strains obtained from farmed marine Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. , over a 20‐year period between 1991 and 2011 was reviewed to examine the geographical distribution of the genetically defined SAV subtypes in twelve regions across Ireland and Scotland. Of 160 different Atlantic salmon SAV strains examined, 62 belonged to subtype 1, 28 to subtype 2, 34 to subtype 4, 35 to subtype 5 and 1 to subtype 6. SAV subtypes 1, 4 and 6 were found in Ireland, while subtypes 1, 2, 4 and 5 were found in Scotland. In the majority of regions, there was a clear clustering of subtypes...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - July 17, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: D A Graham, E Fringuelli, H M Rowley, D Cockerill, D I Cox, T Turnbull, H Rodger, D Morris, M F Mc Loughlin Source Type: research

Sequential responding and planning in capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella).
Abstract Previous experiments have assessed planning during sequential responding to computer generated stimuli by Old World nonhuman primates including chimpanzees and rhesus macaques. However, no such assessment has been made with a New World primate species. Capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) are an interesting test case for assessing the distribution of cognitive processes in the Order Primates because they sometimes show proficiency in tasks also mastered by apes and Old World monkeys, but in other cases fail to match the proficiency of those other species. In two experiments, eight capuchin monkeys selected five...
Source: Animal Cognition - July 17, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Beran MJ, Parrish AE Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: research

Pointing following in dogs: are simple or complex cognitive mechanisms involved?
Abstract Domestic dogs have proved to be extremely successful in finding hidden food following a series of human social cues such as pointing (an extended hand and index finger indicating the location of the reward), or body position, among many other variants. There is controversy about the mechanisms responsible for these communicative skills in dogs. On the one hand, a hypothesis states that dogs have complex cognitive processes such as a theory of mind, which allow them to attribute intent to the human pointing gesture. A second, more parsimonious, hypothesis proposes that these skills depend on associative lea...
Source: Animal Cognition - July 17, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Elgier AM, Jakovcevic A, Mustaca AE, Bentosela M Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: research

A comparative assessment of univariate longevity measures using zoological animal records
SummaryComparative biogerontology evaluates cellular, molecular, physiological, and genomic properties that distinguish short‐lived from long‐lived species. These studies typically use maximum reported lifespan (MRLS) as the index against which to compare traits, but there is a general awareness that MRLS is not ideal due to statistical shortcomings that include bias resulting from small sample sizes. Nevertheless, MRLS has enough species‐specific information to show strong associations with many other species‐specific traits, such as body mass, stress resistance, and codon usage. The major goal of this study was t...
Source: Aging Cell - July 17, 2012 Category: Cytology Authors: Jacob A. Moorad, Daniel E. L. Promislow, Nate Flesness, Richard A. Miller Source Type: research

Detection of Neoparamoeba perurans by duplex quantitative Taqman real‐time PCR in formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded Atlantic salmonid gill tissues
This study also describes the development and the application of a second real‐time PCR for the generic detection of Neoparamoeba spp., Page, 1987. A set of primers and probe conserved among the Neoparamoeba spp. was designed to amplify a 150‐bp fragment within the 18S rRNA gene. Applied to N. perurans‐negative gill tissues, the method was used to exclude the presence of other Neoparamoeba spp. in those blocks where gill pathology was observed microscopically.
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - July 17, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: E Fringuelli, A W Gordon, H Rodger, M D Welsh, D A Graham Source Type: research

Multiple passage of infectious salmon anaemia virus in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), did not induce increased virus load
In this study, ISAV was passaged 10 times in succession by intraperitoneal injections of serum from previous passage into naïve rainbow trout. The serum viraemia was monitored by real‐time qPCR. The rainbow trout in this study became infected but did not develop ISA. No clinical signs were observed in the rainbow trout in any passage, but replication of ISAV was detected from Day 4 post‐infection (p.i.). Neither increased relative virus loads nor histopathological and immunohistochemical findings consistent with ISA were observed. However, the expression of interferon type I and Mx genes were slightly up‐regulated i...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - July 17, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: C M Olsen, S Braaen, K Falk, E Rimstad Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Efficacy of a glycoprotein DNA vaccine against viral haemorrhagic septicaemia (VHS) in Pacific herring, Clupea pallasii Valenciennes
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - July 17, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: L M Hart, N Lorenzen, S E LaPatra, C A Grady, S E Roon, J O’Reilly, J L Gregg, P K Hershberger Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Intraspecific diversity of Edwardsiella ictaluri isolates from diseased freshwater catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus (Sauvage), cultured in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam
AbstractA molecular epidemiology study was conducted on 90 Edwardsiella ictaluri isolates recovered from diseased farmed freshwater catfish, Pangasianodon hypophthalmus, cultured in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Thirteen isolates of E. ictaluri derived from diseased channel catfish, Ictalurus punctatus, cultured in the USA were included for comparison. All the E. ictaluri isolates tested were found to be biochemically indistinguishable. A repetitive (rep)‐PCR using the single (GTG)5 primer was shown to possess limited discriminatory power, yielding two similar DNA profiles categorized as (GTG)5‐PCR group 1 or 2 amon...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - July 17, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: K L Bartie, F W Austin, A Diab, C Dickson, T T Dung, M Giacomini, M Crumlish Source Type: research

Immunophysiology of Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus (Mitchill), and the relationship to parasitic copepod, Dichelesthium oblongum (Abilgaard) infection
AbstractThe copepod parasite, Dichelesthium oblongum, is known to infect the Atlantic sturgeon, Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus, within the area near New York city, USA, known as the NY Bight. The gross pathology associated with the juvenile and adult copepod stages along with the parasite’s link in causing changes in sturgeon osmoregulatory capabilities has led us to investigate the host immunophysiology in relation to this host–parasite system. All the host variables, which included gill Na+‐K+‐ATPase activity, serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) and white blood cell differential counts, were affected in a non‐line...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - July 17, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: M S Sokolowski, B A Allam, K J Dunton, M A Clark, E B Kurtz, M D Fast Source Type: research

Polycystic liver in a goldfish, Carassius auratus (L.)
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - July 17, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: A Rezaie, S M Mousavi, E Ahmadmoradi, F Mohammadi Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Geographical distribution of salmonid alphavirus subtypes in marine farmed Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. , in Scotland and Ireland
AbstractSequence data from salmonid alphavirus (SAV) strains obtained from farmed marine Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. , over a 20‐year period between 1991 and 2011 was reviewed to examine the geographical distribution of the genetically defined SAV subtypes in twelve regions across Ireland and Scotland. Of 160 different Atlantic salmon SAV strains examined, 62 belonged to subtype 1, 28 to subtype 2, 34 to subtype 4, 35 to subtype 5 and 1 to subtype 6. SAV subtypes 1, 4 and 6 were found in Ireland, while subtypes 1, 2, 4 and 5 were found in Scotland. In the majority of regions, there was a clear clustering of subtypes,...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - July 17, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: D A Graham, E Fringuelli, H M Rowley, D Cockerill, D I Cox, T Turnbull, H Rodger, D Morris, M F Mc Loughlin Source Type: research

The stability of infectious salmon anaemia virus infectivity at −80 °C in tissue homogenate and dry‐stored tissue from clinically diseased Atlantic salmon, salmo salar L.
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - July 16, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: D A Smail, R Grant Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Comparative thermoregulatory physiology of two dunnarts, Sminthopsis macroura and Sminthopsis ooldea (Marsupialia : Dasyuridae)
Sean Tomlinson, Philip C. Withers, Shane K. Maloney - Volume 60(1)
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - July 16, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Sean TomlinsonPhilip C. WithersShane K. Maloney Source Type: research

Assessment of Aquaflor®, copper sulphate and potassium permanganate for control of Aeromonas hydrophila and Flavobacterium columnare infection in sunshine bass, Morone chrysops female × Morone saxatilis male
AbstractTwo experiments were conducted to test the effectiveness of different therapeutants against a mixed infection of Aeromonas hydrophila and Flavobacterium columnare in sunshine bass. Experiment 1 evaluated copper sulphate, florfenicol‐medicated feed and potassium permanganate (KMnO4) against a natural mixed infection. Experiment 2 further evaluated copper sulphate as a treatment to control an experimental mixed infection. In experiment 1, naturally infected untreated fish had the lowest final survival per cent, at 71%, while florfenicol‐medicated feed at 15 mg kg−1 body weight for 10 days or copper sulpha...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - July 16, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: A M Darwish, J A Bebak, K K Schrader Source Type: research

Spatio‐temporal analysis of cyprinid herpesvirus 3 genetic diversity at a local scale
In this study, we evaluated the spatial and temporal distribution of CyHV‐3 strains in a small enzootic area, the lake of Cirata (West Java, Indonesia). Of the 365 samples analysed, from clinical or asymptomatic fish, 244 were found positive for CyHV‐3, suggesting a high occurrence of the virus. Genotyping of these viral specimens with a range of molecular markers revealed the presence of numerous haplotypes in the host population, all related to the J lineage. In single individuals, mixed‐genotype infections occurred at high frequency. The present results demonstrate that polymorphic molecular markers are suitable t...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - July 16, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: J‐C Avarre, A Santika, A Bentenni, Z Zainun, J‐P Madeira, M Maskur, L Bigarré, D Caruso Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The stability of infectious salmon anaemia virus infectivity at −80 °C in tissue homogenate and dry‐stored tissue from clinically diseased Atlantic salmon, salmo salar L
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - July 16, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: D A Smail, R Grant Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Antipredator Behavior of American Bullfrogs (Lithobates catesbeianus) in a Novel Environment
AbstractInvasive species capable of recognizing potential predators may have increased establishment rates in novel environments. Individuals may retain historical predator recognition and invoke innate responses in the presence of taxonomically or ecologically similar predators, generalize antipredator responses, or learn to avoid risky species in novel environments. Invasive amphibians in aquatic environments often use chemical cues to assess predation risk and learn to avoid novel predators via direct experience and/or associated chemical cues. Ontogeny may also influence recognition; experience with predators may need ...
Source: Ethology - July 16, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Tiffany S. Garcia, Lindsey L. Thurman, Jennifer C. Rowe, Stephen M. Selego Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Intruders in Nests of the Spotless Starling: Prospecting for Public Information or for Immediate Nesting Resources?
AbstractThe prospective behaviour for nests by conspecific intruders may be a strategy to gather public information for future reproduction or to secure resources for immediate reproduction. Although the relationship between the sex, age and breeding experience of intruders and the sex and age of residents may be crucial for understanding the significance of nest‐prospecting behaviour, a precise determination of these traits has rarely been addressed in field studies. In a free‐ranging population of spotless starlings (Sturnus unicolor), inexperienced birds were the predominant intruders. The ratio of male‐to‐femal...
Source: Ethology - July 16, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: José P. Veiga, Vicente Polo, Marta Arenas, Sara Sánchez Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Comparative thermoregulatory physiology of two dunnarts, Sminthopsis macroura and Sminthopsis ooldea (Marsupialia:Dasyuridae)
Sean Tomlinson, Philip C. Withers, Shane K. Maloney
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - July 16, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Sean TomlinsonPhilip C. WithersShane K. Maloney Source Type: research

Phylogenetic analysis and molecular methods for the detection of lymphocystis disease virus from yellow perch, Perca flavescens (Mitchell)
AbstractLymphocystis disease is a prevalent, non‐fatal disease that affects many teleost fish and is caused by the DNA virus lymphocystis disease virus (LCDV). Lymphocystis‐like lesions have been observed in yellow perch, Perca flavescens (Mitchell), in lakes in northern Alberta, Canada. In an effort to confirm the identity of the virus causing these lesions, DNA was extracted from these lesions and PCR with genotype generic LCDV primers specific to the major capsid protein (MCP) gene was performed. A 1357‐base pair nucleotide sequence corresponding to a peptide length of 452 amino acids of the MCP gene was sequenced...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - July 15, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: L J Palmer, N S Hogan, M R van den Heuvel Source Type: research

Analysis of the expression pattern of involucrin in human scalp skin and hair follicles: hair cycle-associated alterations
This study addresses this issue and tests the hypothesis that “the expression of involucrin undergoes hair follicle cycle-dependent changes”. A total of 50 normal human scalp skin biopsies were examined (healthy females, 51–62 years) using immunofluorescence staining methods and real-time PCR analysis. In each case, 50 hair follicles were analyzed (35, 10 and 5 follicles in anagen, catagen and telogen, respectively). Involucrin was prominently expressed in the human scalp skin and hair follicles, on both gene and protein levels. The protein expression showed hair follicle cycle-associated changes i.e. a ver...
Source: Histochemistry and Cell Biology - July 13, 2012 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Histochemistry and Cell Biology Source Type: research

Sexual segregation in goitered gazelles (Gazella subgutturosa)
Canadian Journal of Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 955-960, e-First articles.
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - July 13, 2012 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: research

Phenology and duration of remigial moult in Surf Scoters (Melanitta perspicillata) and White-winged Scoters (Melanitta fusca) on the Pacific coast of North America
Canadian Journal of Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 932-944, e-First articles.
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - July 13, 2012 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: research

Franz von Leydig (1821-1908), pioneer of comparative histology
Franz von Leydig, a German histologist and zoologist, is known to every student of human or animal anatomy because of the testicular testosterone-producing cells carrying his name. However, he made many contributions to our knowledge of the fine structure of animal tissues, including more than 200 scientific articles and several books. His most important work, the book Lehrbuch der Histologie des Menschen und der Thiere, established him as a pioneer if not the founder of comparative histology. Leydig taught at three different universities (Würzburg, Tübingen and Bonn) and received many honours from scientific org...
Source: Journal of Medical Biography - July 12, 2012 Category: History of Medicine Authors: Schneider, M. R. Tags: Anatomists Source Type: research

Don’t Put All Your Eggs in One Nest: Spread Them and Cut Time at Risk
The American Naturalist, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Ahead of Print.
Source: The American Naturalist - July 11, 2012 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: research

Effects of aversive experience on the behavior within a custom-made plus maze in the short-tailed fruit bat, Carollia perspicillata
Abstract Stress exposure evokes a variety of physiological and behavioral responses in an organism, enabling it to cope with stressful situations and changes in the environment. In a previous study, we found that subjecting individuals of Carollia perspicillata to a chronic immobilization stress paradigm resulted in a significant increase of fecal cortisol concentrations. In the present study, we investigated the influence of stress on the behavior of C. perspicillata, by adapting a commonly used behavioral paradigm for characterizing coping styles of animals (i.e., the elevated-plus maze) to bats. Adult bats...
Source: Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology - July 11, 2012 Category: Physiology Tags: Journal of Comparative Physiology A: Neuroethology, Sensory, Neural, and Behavioral Physiology Source Type: research

Statistical modeling of baleen and body length at age in bowhead whales (Balaena mysticetus)
Canadian Journal of Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 915-931, e-First articles.
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - July 11, 2012 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: research

Correlation between villous height and the disaccharidase activity in the small intestine of piglets from nursing to growing
ABSTRACTEarly weaning induces villous atrophy in the small intestine. Reduction in villous height in the small intestine after weaning is associated with reductions in brush‐border enzyme activity. Body weight gain after weaning is, therefore, correlated with villous height. This evidence suggested that the maintenance of small intestinal structure and function after weaning is important for the growth of young pigs. On the other hand, the relationship between villous height and the activity of the digestive enzymes in the small intestine has not been studied with piglets from the suckling to the growing period. Five suc...
Source: Animal Science Journal - July 11, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Takamitsu TSUKAHARA, Eriko KISHINO, Ryo INOUE, Nobuo NAKANISHI, Keizo NAKAYAMA, Tetsuya ITO, Kazunari USHIDA Source Type: research

Fatty acid‐binding protein expression in the gastrointestinal tract of calves and cows
In this study, we investigated the expression of I‐FABP and L‐FABP in the gastrointestinal tract of cattle. I‐ and L‐FABP had higher messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein expression levels in the duodenum and jejunum relatively to other gastrointestinal regions in both calves and cows. Furthermore, L‐FABP mRNA and protein expression were high in the colon. Both these protein types were confirmed to be in the cytosol of jejunal epithelial cells, where they were found in the villi rather than in the crypts. We concluded that duodenal and jejunal FABPs might be involved in the metabolism of fatty acids mainly in epithelial cells in cattle.
Source: Animal Science Journal - July 11, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Hideaki HAYASHI, Sachiko MARUYAMA, Madoka FUKUOKA, Takaharu KOZAKAI, Keiichi NAKAJIMA, Takenori ONAGA, Seiyu KATO Source Type: research

Case report: surviving a tiger attack
We report on a case where the patient survived a tiger attack despite severe head trauma and discuss the circumstances leading to the patient’s survival and excellent outcome. The patient we report on is a 28-year-old tamer, who was attacked by three tigers during an evening show. A bite to the head resulted in multiple injuries including left-sided skull penetration wounds with dislocated fractures, dural perforations, and brain parenchyma lesions. The patient recovered without neurological deficits after initial ICU treatment. No infection occurred. In order to understand the mechanism of the tiger’s bite to the...
Source: Urosurgical Review - July 10, 2012 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: Neurosurgical Review Source Type: research

Comparative morphology of the pectoral fin spine of the Persian sturgeon Acipenser persicus, the Russian sturgeon Acipenser gueldenstaedtii, and the Starry sturgeon Acipenser stellatus in Iranian waters of the Caspian Sea
AbstractThe morphological characteristics of the pectoral fin spine were compared in three species of sturgeon, the Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus), the Russian sturgeon (Acipenser gueldenstaedtii), and the Starry sturgeon (Acipenser stellatus), all sampled from the Caspian Sea. On the basis of morphological characters of the pectoral fin spine, 62.2% of the individuals were correctly classified into separate groups. The cluster analysis also divided the three species into two major subgroups. Acipenser persicus and A. gueldenstaedtii were grouped together, suggesting a similar evolutionary basis. Significant mor...
Source: Acta Zoologica - July 10, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Shima Bakhshalizadeh, Ali Bani, Shahram Abdolmalaki Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Corrigendum
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - July 9, 2012 Category: Zoology Source Type: research

Transportation decreases the pulse frequency of growth hormone in the blood of prepubertal male calves
ABSTRACTBoth the mean concentration and the pulse pattern of growth hormone (GH) in the blood are important for the metabolism and body growth of calves. Transportation is reported to decrease blood GH concentrations in prepubertal male calves. However, the effect of transportation on GH pulsatility remains unknown. Because transportation is important in moving these calves from calf‐production farms to markets or fattening farms, we tested whether transportation decreases their GH pulse frequency. Five calves were subjected to transportation by trucking (transport group), while five were left in their shed (non‐transp...
Source: Animal Science Journal - July 9, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Hiroya KADOKAWA, Koutarou NOGUCHI, Yuuki HAJIRI, Kazuhisa TAKESHITA, Youichi FUJII Source Type: research

Method for estimating maximum permissible load weight for Japanese native horses using accelerometer‐based gait analysis
ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to establish a method for estimating loading capacity for Japanese native horses by gait analysis using an accelerometer. Six mares of Japanese native horses were used. The acceleration of each horse was recorded during walking and trotting along a straight course at a sampling frequency of 200 Hz. Each horse performed 12 tests: one test with a loaded weight of 80 kg (First 80 kg) followed by 10 tests with random loaded weights between 85 kg and 130 kg and a final test with a loaded weight of 80 kg again. The time series of acceleration was subjected to fast Fourier transformat...
Source: Animal Science Journal - July 9, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Akihiro MATSUURA, Mami IRIMAJIRI, Kunihiro MATSUZAKI, Yuko HIRAGURI, Toshihiko NAKANOWATARI, Atusi YAMAZAKI, Koichi HODATE Source Type: research

Japanese consumer preferences for milk certified as good agricultural practice
This study examined Japanese consumers' valuation of a good agricultural practice (GAP) label on packaged milk and investigated the effect of detailed GAP information on valuation. A total of 624 Japanese consumers were asked to select their most preferred milk through an online survey. The milk was assumed to have three attributes: the GAP label, Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points certification, and price. The results showed that consumers' valuation of GAP was significantly positive. Although providing additional GAP information to a respondent who was aware of GAP and what it means had a positive effect on the ...
Source: Animal Science Journal - July 9, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Hideo AIZAKI, Teruaki NANSEKI, Hui ZHOU Source Type: research

Mitochondrial DNA analyses of the saltwater crocodile (Crocodylus porosus) from the Northern Territory of Australia
Naomi L. Luck, Kristen C. Thomas, Victoria E. Morin-Adeline, Sophie Barwick, Amanda Y. Chong, Eliza L. Carpenter, LinXiao Wan, Cali E. Willet, Shannan M. Langford-Salisbury, Mary Abdelsayd, Rachel A. Ang, Sarah J. Atkinson, Fabian G. Barcelo, Melanie E. Booth, Emma J. Bradbury, Thomas L. Branighan, Jennifer Brown, Lesley E. Castillo, Nichola D. Chandler, Josephine Y. Chong, Kimberly J. Collits, Emma Cook, Rachel E. Cruz, Claire A. Farrugia, Jessica L. Fletcher, Sophie Fletcher, Nicole S. Gamaliel, Jessica F. Gurr, Nathan J. Hallett, Grace Hargreaves, Teresa Harris, Samantha Hollings, Ryan L. Hopcroft, Danielle Johinke, Pip...
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - July 9, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Naomi L. LuckKristen C. ThomasVictoria E. Morin-AdelineSophie BarwickAmanda Y. ChongEliza L. CarpenterLinXiao WanCali E. WilletShannan M. Langford-SalisburyMary AbdelsaydRachel A. AngSarah J. AtkinsonFabian G. BarceloMelanie E. BoothEmma J. BradburyThomas Source Type: research

Incidental memory in dogs (Canis familiaris): adaptive behavioral solution at an unexpected memory test.
We examined whether domestic dogs could solve an unexpected test based on a single past experience. In Experiment 1, leashed dogs were led to 4 open, baited containers and allowed to eat from 2 of them (Exposure phase). After a walk outside for more than 10 min, during which time the containers were replaced with new identical ones, the dogs were unexpectedly returned to the site and unleashed for free exploration (test phase). Eleven out of 12 dogs first visited one of the containers from which they had not eaten. In Experiment 2, two containers had food in them, one had a nonedible object, and the last one was empty. Do...
Source: Animal Cognition - July 8, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Fujita K, Morisaki A, Takaoka A, Maeda T, Hori Y Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: research