Zoology Research This is an OPML file. It can be used to export all the MedWorm RSS feeds on this topic into your personal RSS reader (usually you have to save this file to your own computer before clicking on an Import OPML command in your own feed reader to upload the file which will then import all the feeds) or it can be used by webmasters to integrate MedWorm feeds with their own website. This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 37.

Space use and territoriality in swift foxes (Vulpes velox) in northeastern Colorado
Canadian Journal of Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 337-344, e-First articles.
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - February 22, 2012 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: research

Roost selection by the solitary, foliage-roosting hoary bat (Lasiurus cinereus) during lactation
Canadian Journal of Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 329-336, e-First articles.
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - February 22, 2012 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: research

Mammalian sexual dimorphism.
Abstract Sexual dimorphisms (SDs) have evolved in mammals to assure greater reproductive success for individuals, usually males. Secondary sexual characteristics (SSC) developed to further this objective, tending to be more pronounced in species which are polygynous, diurnal and open-habitat dwellers. Sexual selection has underpinned many of these changes, which are not necessarily advantageous for individual survival. Domestication has affected certain characteristics, more in terms of their quantitative rather than qualitative expression. However, restrictions imposed by domestication can also affect behaviors su...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - February 22, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: McPherson FJ, Chenoweth PJ Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: research

Alternate behavioural measurements following a single operant training regime demonstrate differences in memory retention.
Abstract Frequently studies of learning and memory measure a single focal behaviour; however it is likely that any learning paradigm will alter multiple behavioural traits in the same animal. We used video footage of the great pond snail (Lymnaea stagnalis), collected immediately prior to both training and testing for memory in response to operant conditioning to reduce aerial respiration, to measure two additional alternate behavioural traits: reducing the size of the pneumostome (breathing orifice) opening and shell tilt to cover the pneumostome. Typically, the training regime used here results in memory to reduc...
Source: Animal Cognition - February 22, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Dalesman S, Lukowiak K Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: research

Zoology: Antifreeze's role in fish spread
Nature 482, 7386 (2012). doi:10.1038/482443d Antifreeze proteins in the bodily fluids of Antarctic fishes are a crucial adaptation to life in the freezing waters — but their appearance alone is insufficient to explain the huge diversity of the region's fish species. Thomas Near of Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut,
Source: Nature - February 22, 2012 Category: Research Tags: Research Highlights Source Type: research

N-acetyl-l-cysteine modulates multiple signaling pathways to rescue male germ cells from apoptosis induced by chronic hCG administration to rats
Abstract The present study was aimed to investigate the beneficial effects of N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC, 150 mg/kg bw twice/week) against testicular germ cell apoptosis in rats induced by chronic hCG administration (100 IU/rat/day for 30 days). NAC co-treatment improved serum testosterone, prevented rise in lipid peroxidation, intracellular H2O2 and the activities of antioxidant enzymes in germ cells. Replenishment of intracellular GSH and total antioxidant capacity was seen. There was a marked reduction in TUNEL positive germ cells and expression of caspase-3 (p < 0.01) and PARP cl...
Source: Apoptosis - February 21, 2012 Category: Molecular Biology Tags: Apoptosis Source Type: research

Assessment of reproduction and growth performance of offspring derived from somatic cell cloned pigs
In this study, we compared the reproductive and growth performance of American Large White boars cloned by SCNT with the donor boar, and analyzed the test parameters, including semen quality, re‐service rate, rate of parturition, and average daily gain. The results showed that these cloned boars and the donor boar had no significant differences in the tests (P > 0.05) and the growth performance of their offspring was similar to the naturally bred American Large White pigs. In summary, the reproductive and growth performance of cloned pigs are similar to the donor pig and within the normal range. This suggests that...
Source: Animal Science Journal - February 21, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Kui HU, Qingran KONG, Zeping ZHAO, Xinyu LU, Biao LIU, Yutian LI, Hongbin WANG, Zhonghua LIU Source Type: research

Integrins are required for cardioblast polarisation in Drosophila
Drosphila lacking integrin receptors show abnormal dorsal vessel tube closure and incorrect distribution of Slit, Robo and Dg, all required for this process, revealing the importance of these proteins in heart development.
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - February 21, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Jessica VanderploegLuz de Lourdes Vazquez PazAllison MacMullinJ Roger Jacobs Source Type: research

Efficacy of Aphrodisiac Plants towards Improvement in Semen Quality and Motility in Infertile Males
Infertility is the inability to conceive after one year of unprotected intercourse. In the present study, herbal composition prepared by using medicinal plants having aphrodisiac potentials was administered orally to the albino rats for 40 days and to the oligospermic patients for 90 days in order to prove the efficacy of herbal composition. Herbal composition was the mixture (powder form) of the medicinal plants namely, Mucuna pruriens (Linn), Chlorophytum borivillianum (Sant and Fernand), and Eulophia campestris (Wall). In the neem oil treated albino rats, there was significant reduction in almost all the parameters viz....
Source: Journal of Complementary and Integrative Medicine - February 17, 2012 Category: Complementary Medicine Tags: Life Sciences: Animal Sciences: Zoology: Reproductive Physiology Source Type: research

Microsatellite DNA analysis of parapatric lamprey (Entosphenus spp.) populations: implications for evolution, taxonomy, and conservation of a Canadian endemic
Canadian Journal of Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 291-303, e-First articles.
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - February 17, 2012 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: research

Population structure, timing of divergence and contact between lineages in the endangered Hastings River mouse (Pseudomys oralis)
Karen M. C. Rowe, Kevin C. Rowe, Martin S. Elphinstone, Peter R. Baverstock - Volume 59(3)
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - February 17, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Karen M. C. RoweKevin C. RoweMartin S. ElphinstonePeter R. Baverstock Source Type: research

Rate of passage through the digestive tract of the kultarr (Antechinomys laniger)
Hayley J. Stannard, Julie M. Old
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - February 17, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Hayley J. StannardJulie M. Old Source Type: research

Is body size variation in the platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) associated with environmental variables?
Elise Furlan, J. Griffiths, N. Gust, R. Armistead, P. Mitrovski, K. A. Handasyde, M. Serena, A. A. Hoffmann, A. R. Weeks
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - February 17, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Elise FurlanJ. GriffithsN. GustR. ArmisteadP. MitrovskiK. A. HandasydeM. SerenaA. A. HoffmannA. R. Weeks Source Type: research

Small reserves around hibernation sites may not adequately protect mobile snakes: the example of Great Basin Gophersnakes (Pituophis catenifer deserticola) in British Columbia
Canadian Journal of Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 304-312, e-First articles.
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - February 16, 2012 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: research

Protective effects of the neuropeptide PACAP in diabetic retinopathy
Abstract Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) is a neuropeptide with highly potent neurotrophic and neuroprotective effects. PACAP and its receptors occur in the retina and PACAP has been applied in animal models of metabolic retinal disorders to reduce structural and functional damage. Furthermore, PACAP has been implicated as a potential anti-diabetic peptide. Our aim has been to investigate, by using a complex morphological, immunochemical and molecular biological approach, whether PACAP attenuates diabetic retinopathy. Diabetes was induced in rats with a single streptozotocin inject...
Source: Cell and Tissue Research - February 16, 2012 Category: Cytology Tags: Cell and Tissue Research Source Type: research

Rats can make relative perceptual judgments about sequential stimuli.
This study is the first demonstration of the use of a sequential "more than versus less than" rule in rats and provides a well-controlled paradigm for studying abstract comparisons in a rodent model system. PMID: 22350084 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Animal Cognition - February 16, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Perry C, Felsen G Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: research

Nepal Crocodile Farm Aims to Save Endangered Species
By Gopal SharmaKASARA, Nepal (Reuters) - As Prem Sharma steps gingerly into the sand-filled chamber, lines of baby crocodiles basking in the warm sunshine splash into a pond, eyes glinting behind their long, thin snouts.Sharma quietly puts his hand into the green water, takes a young reptile from the pool, opens its mouth with a brush and begins to clean its teeth with potash, its thrashing 60 cm (2 ft) body held under his knee.The activity, repeated every three or four days, is just one example of the tender care lavished on Gharial crocodiles at a farm southwest of the Nepali capital of Kathmandu, an effort to save the c...
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - February 15, 2012 Category: Science Tags: Energy & Sustainability,Environment,Society Policy,Evolutionary Biology,More Science,Evolution,Biology,Everyday Science Source Type: research

Seasonal changes in thermogenesis of a free-ranging afrotherian small mammal, the Western rock elephant shrew (Elephantulus rupestris)
We report on the seasonal metabolic adjustments of a small-sized member of the phylogenetically ancient Afrotheria, the Western rock elephant shrew (Elephantulus rupestris). We recorded body temperature (T b) patterns and compared the capacity for adrenergically induced nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) in E. rupestris captured in the wild in summer and winter. Noradrenaline (NA) treatment (0.4–0.5 mg/kg, s.c.) induced a pronounced elevation in oxygen consumption compared to controls (saline), and the increase in oxygen consumption following injection of NA was 1.8-fold higher in winter compared to summer. This s...
Source: Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology - February 15, 2012 Category: Physiology Tags: Journal of Comparative Physiology B: Biochemical, Systemic, and Environmental Physiology Source Type: research

Zoology: Stripes from shifting cells
Nature 482, 7385 (2012). doi:10.1038/482279d Repulsion between pigment cells helps to explain how adult zebrafish develop the stripes for which they are named.Shigeru Kondo and his colleagues at Osaka University in Japan looked at cultured black melanophore and yellow xanthophore pigment cells from the animals (pictured top).
Source: Nature - February 15, 2012 Category: Research Tags: Research Highlights Source Type: research

Climate-driven variation in food availability between the core and range edge of the endangered northern bettong (Bettongia tropica)
Brooke L. Bateman, Sandra E. Abell-Davis, Christopher N. Johnson
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - February 15, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Brooke L. BatemanSandra E. Abell-DavisChristopher N. Johnson Source Type: research

Dynamics and functions of CD4+CD25high regulatory T lymphocytes in Chinese rhesus macaques during the early stage of infection with SIVmac239
Abstract CD4+CD25high regulatory T cells (Treg), which are a specialized subset of T cells, play an important role in the prevention of autoimmune diseases, maintenance of immune system homeostasis and tolerance to self-antigens. Chinese rhesus macaques (CRMs) are widely used in preclinical research on potential therapeutic drugs, vaccines and mechanisms of human diseases. However, the basic immunological characterization of Treg cells of CRMs has not been well established. To characterize Treg cells, peripheral blood of 43 adult CRMs was analyzed for CD4+ T lymphocytes by flow cytometry. It was found that T...
Source: Archives of Virology - February 14, 2012 Category: Virology Tags: Archives of Virology Source Type: research

Bacterial host interaction of GFP‐labelled Vibrio anguillarum HI‐610 with gnotobiotic sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (L.), larvae
AbstractThe location and cell damage caused by Vibrio anguillarum, the causative agent of classical vibriosis, within the developing gut of the newly hatched sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax (L.), is unknown. A gnotobiotic sea bass model was used to investigate the early interactions of V. anguillarum with sea bass larvae. In the present study, germ‐free sea bass larvae were orally exposed to a V. anguillarum HI‐610 pathogen labelled with the green fluorescent protein (GFP‐HI‐610) and sampled at regular intervals. Pathogenic colonization of gut enterocytes was observed 2 h post‐exposure (p.e.) and onwards, wher...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - February 13, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: A RekeckiR A Y S A GunasekaraK DierckensS LaureauN BoonH FavoreelM CornelissenP SorgeloosR DucatelleP BossierW Van den Broeck Source Type: research

A Behavioral Biology for the Future
AbstractSome comments are appended to Patrick Bateson’s reflections on the future of behavioral biology that were triggered by remembering the contributions of Günter Tembrock to ethology. While the suggestions made are valid and insightful, a few specific areas where exciting research possibilities may reside are added including those involving communication and language, culture and ritual, brain imaging, genetics, animal tracking, and aesthetics. The need for the historical grounding of graduate education in behavior studies is also emphasized as an important possible factor if the future will effectively fulfill its...
Source: Ethology - February 13, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Gordon M. Burghardt Tags: COMMENTARY(Commentary on Pat Bateson – Behavioural Biology: The Past and a Future) Source Type: research

Behavioural Biology: The Past and a Future
AbstractBehavioural biologists have typically combined interests in the control, function, development and evolution of behaviour. They have used observational and experimental methods, and their findings have been both attractive and scientifically invigorating. A future to be hoped for is that they will continue to combine an understanding of behaviour with studies carried out at other levels but that they will not become too locked into a purely analytical framework. Methodologies are needed that enable scientists to deal with all the principal factors that influence behaviour. In so doing, behavioural biologists should...
Source: Ethology - February 13, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Patrick Bateson Tags: COMMENTARY Source Type: research

Perspectives and Current Debates in Ethology
Source: Ethology - February 13, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Mark E. Hauber Tags: EDITORIAL Source Type: research

An endemic Sulawesi Flying Fox, Acerodon celebensis, nursing its pup at Bantimurung, Sulawesi, Indonesia. Photo reproduced by permission of Stefan Greif, Max Planck Institute for Ornithology
Source: Ethology - February 13, 2012 Category: Zoology Source Type: research

Individual Variation in Male Size and Behavioral Repertoire in the Sailfin Molly Poecilia latipinna
AbstractVariation among individuals in the expression of behaviors and associations of behaviors in different contexts can lead to the maintenance of behavioral polymorphisms. Individual variation in morphology is often associated with behavioral polymorphism, yet the degree to which morphology predicts behavioral phenotype is not well understood. We measured individual variation in size and behaviors in the sailfin molly, Poecilia latipinna, by comparing the behavior of individual males of different sizes across four different contexts (mating, exploratory tendency, sociability, and predator inspection). We also investiga...
Source: Ethology - February 13, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Jennifer B. SedaMichael J. ChildressMargaret B. Ptacek Tags: RESEARCH PAPER Source Type: research

The functional morphology of the abyssal Limopsis cristata (Arcoida: Limopsidae) with a discussion on the evolution of the more advanced bivalve foot
AbstractThe bivalve Limopsis cristata pursues a semi‐endobenthic life in abyssal soft sediments. It attaches to particles by up to three byssal threads and filter feeds by inhaling water from posterior and anterior directions. Because of partial burial, however, only the latter is functionally significant. Complex ciliary currents in the mantle cavity concerned with the rejection of unwanted particles keep most material out of the simplified intestine. It is generally considered that the ligament is the constraining force in arcoid evolution. This may be true in part, but the lack of pallial fusions and the retention of ...
Source: Acta Zoologica - February 13, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Brian Morton Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Additivity pretraining and cue competition effects: Developmental evidence for a reasoning-based account of causal learning.
The effect of additivity pretraining on blocking has been taken as evidence for a reasoning account of human and animal causal learning. If inferential reasoning underpins this effect, then developmental differences in the magnitude of this effect in children would be expected. Experiment 1 examined cue competition effects in children's (4- to 5-year-olds and 6- to 7-year-olds) causal learning using a new paradigm analogous to the food allergy task used in studies of human adult causal learning. Blocking was stronger in the older than the younger children, and additivity pretraining only affected blocking in the older grou...
Source: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes - February 13, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Simms, Victoria; McCormack, Teresa; Beckers, Tom Source Type: research

Perception of emergent configurations in humans (Homo sapiens) and chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes).
We examined the perceptions of emergent configurations in humans and chimpanzees using a target-localization task. The stimulus display consisted of a target placed among multiple identical distractors. The target and distractors were presented either solely, within congruent contexts in which salient configurations emerge, or within incongruent contexts in which salient configurations do not emerge. We found that congruent contexts had similar facilitative effects on target localization by humans and chimpanzees, whereas similar disruptive effects emerged when the stimuli were presented within incongruent contexts. When d...
Source: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes - February 13, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Goto, Kazuhiro; Imura, Tomoko; Tomonaga, Masaki Source Type: research

Predator Detection is Limited in Microhabitats with High Light Intensity: An Experiment with Brown‐Headed Cowbirds
AbstractVariations in ambient light conditions across different microhabitats can modify the detectability of predators and prey. Prey have been shown to be more visible in sunlit than in shaded patches, leading to higher predation risk and more investment in vigilance (predation risk hypothesis). Additionally, prey have been hypothesized to take longer to detect predators in sunlit compared to shaded patches because of the excess of sunlight causing glare effects (disability glare hypothesis). We tested the predictions of these two non‐mutually exclusive hypotheses in a seminatural experiment with brown‐headed cowbird...
Source: Ethology - February 13, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Esteban Fernández‐JuricicMarcella DeisherAmy C. StarkJacquelyn Randolet Tags: RESEARCH PAPER Source Type: research

Levels of dispersal and tail loss in an Australian gecko (Gehyra variegata) are associated with differences in forest structure
Paul E. Duckett, Adam J. Stow
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - February 13, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Paul E. DuckettAdam J. Stow Source Type: research

Ammonium chloride bath treatment as a quarantine measure to prevent spread of Lernaea cyprinacea infection during transfer of fish from affected ponds
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - February 12, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: A RaghavendraK P HemaprasanthR SinghN SridharV KumarM R Raghunath Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Spontaneous schwannoma in zebrafish, Danio rerio (Hamilton)
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - February 12, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: F MarinoG LanteriG RapisardaA PerilloB Macrì Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Expression profiles of seven channel catfish antimicrobial peptides in response to Edwardsiella ictaluri infection
AbstractUsing quantitative polymerase chain reaction (QPCR), the relative transcriptional levels of seven channel catfish antimicrobial peptide (AMP) genes (NK‐lysin type 1, NK‐lysin type 2, NK‐lysin type 3, bactericidal permeability‐increasing protein, cathepsin D, hepcidin and liver‐expressed AMP 2) in response to Edwardsiella ictaluri infection were determined. None of the AMP genes tested was significantly upregulated at 2 h post‐infection. Hepcidin was the only one that was significantly (P < 0.05) upregulated at 4, 6 and 12 h post‐infection. At 24 and 48 h post‐infection, four AMPs (hepci...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - February 12, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: J W PridgeonX MuP H Klesius Source Type: research

Differential expression profiling of orange‐spotted grouper larvae, Epinephelus coioides (Hamilton), that survived a betanodavirus outbreak
AbstractNervous necrosis virus (NNV), a piscine nodavirus, has caused serious viral nervous necrosis and viral encephalopathy and retinopathy in hatchery‐reared larvae and juveniles of a wide range of marine teleost species worldwide in the last two decades. Although the mortality of NNV‐infected larvae is nearly 100%, there are still some larvae that survive this catastrophe. To comprehensively understand the variations of these survivors at the molecular level, we collected orange‐spotted grouper larvae that survived an NNV outbreak in an indoor hatchery in southern Taiwan to study differential gene expression. Hea...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - February 12, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: M‐S WuC‐W ChenC‐H LinC‐S TzengC‐Y Chang Source Type: research

Oral DNA vaccination of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), against infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus using PLGA [Poly(D,L‐Lactic‐Co‐Glycolic Acid)] nanoparticles
AbstractA DNA vaccine against infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is effective at protecting rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, against disease, but intramuscular injection is required and makes the vaccine impractical for use in the freshwater rainbow trout farming industry. Poly (D,L‐lactic‐co‐glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved polymer that can be used to deliver DNA vaccines. We evaluated the in vivo absorption of PLGA nanoparticles containing coumarin‐6 when added to a fish food pellet. We demonstrated that rainbow trout will eat PLGA nanoparticle coated fee...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - February 12, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: M AdomakoS St‐HilaireY ZhengJ EleyR D MarcumW SealeyB C DonahowerS LaPatraP P Sheridan Source Type: research

Diversity of Flavobacterium psychrophilum and the potential use of its phages for protection against bacterial cold water disease in salmonids
We report characterization of F. psychrophilum strains and their bacteriophages isolated in Chilean salmonid aquaculture. Results suggest that under laboratory conditions phages can decrease mortality of salmonids from infection by their F. psychrophilum host strain. Twelve F. psychrophilum isolates were characterized, with DNA restriction patterns showing low diversity between strains despite their being obtained from different salmonid production sites and from different tissues. We isolated 15 bacteriophages able to infect some of the F. psychrophilum isolates and characterized six of them in detail. DNA genome size...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - February 12, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: D CastilloG HigueraM VillaM MiddelboeI DalsgaardL MadsenR T Espejo Source Type: research

Natural outbreak of Streptococcus agalactiae (GBS) infection in wild giant Queensland grouper, Epinephelus lanceolatus (Bloch), and other wild fish in northern Queensland, Australia
AbstractNinety‐three giant Queensland grouper, Epinephelus lanceolatus (Bloch), were found dead in Queensland, Australia, from 2007 to 2011. Most dead fish occurred in northern Queensland, with a peak of mortalities in Cairns in June 2008. In 2009, sick wild fish including giant sea catfish, Arius thalassinus (Rüppell), and javelin grunter, Pomadasys kaakan (Cuvier), also occurred in Cairns. In 2009 and 2010, two disease epizootics involving wild stingrays occurred at Sea World marine aquarium. Necropsy, histopathology, bacteriology and PCR determined that the cause of deaths of 12 giant Queensland grouper, three wild f...
Source: Journal of Fish Diseases - February 12, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: R O BowaterJ Forbes‐FaulknerI G AndersonK CondonB RobinsonF KongG L GilbertA ReynoldsS HylandG McPhersonJ O’ BrienD Blyde Source Type: research

Towards a Better Understanding of the Use of Probiotics for Preventing Chytridiomycosis in Panamanian Golden Frogs
Abstract Populations of native Panamanian golden frogs (Atelopus zeteki) have collapsed due to a recent chytridiomycosis epidemic. Reintroduction efforts from captive assurance colonies are unlikely to be successful without the development of methods to control chytridiomycosis in the wild. In an effort to develop a protective treatment regimen, we treated golden frogs with Janthinobacterium lividum, a skin bacterium that has been used to experimentally prevent chytridiomycosis in North American amphibians. Although J. lividum appeared to colonize A. zeteki skin temporarily, it did not prevent or delay mo...
Source: EcoHealth - February 11, 2012 Category: Environmental Health Tags: EcoHealth Source Type: research

Analysis of preference for domestic grass‐fed beef in Japanese youths
ABSTRACTA questionnaire based on sensory evaluation of completely domestic grass‐fed beef was carried out on 157 Japanese undergraduate students aged between 18 and 22 years in Kitasato University. The sensory evaluation sheet consisted of 10 questions concerning preference for domestic grass‐fed beef, and three demographic/lifestyle questions. Using principal component analysis and cluster analysis, the respondents were divided into four groups (G1–G4). G1 accepted almost all properties. G2 accepted most properties but disliked chewiness. G3 accepted juiciness and flavor but disliked the color and texture of the m...
Source: Animal Science Journal - February 10, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Ai ORIME, Tomohiro YONEZAWA, Hideki OGASAWARA, Tadashi KUROYANAGI, Tomiharu MANDA Source Type: research

Chemerin analog regulates energy metabolism in sheep
This study provides new information about endocrine and metabolic changes in response to chemerin in sheep.
Source: Animal Science Journal - February 10, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Yutaka SUZUKI, Sang‐Houn SONG, Katsuyoshi SATO, Kyoung‐Ha SO, Astrid ARDIYANTI, Shun KITAYAMA, Yeon‐Hee HONG, Sung‐Dae LEE, Ki‐Choon CHOI, Akihiko HAGINO, Kazuo KATOH, Sang‐gun ROH Source Type: research

Stable fighting strategies to maintain social ranks in captive male Alpine musk deer (Moschus sifanicus)
This study was conducted at the Xinglongshan Musk Deer Farm of China from July to September 2008. Results showed that captive male musk deer exhibit aggressive dominance behavior, by which a stable social ranking is established. Generally, there were three types of aggression in agonistic interactions among males: attacking, displacing and threatening. Threatening was more frequently observed than displacing and attacking. When in conflict with other deer, high‐rank males exhibited significantly more attacking than displacing and threatening. Moreover, no attacking occurred in low‐rank and middle‐rank males, but thes...
Source: Animal Science Journal - February 10, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Xiuxiang MENG, Nicholas CODY, Baocao GONG, Leilei XIANG Source Type: research

Evaluation of associative effects on ruminal digestion kinetics between pasture and grains using in vitro gas production method
ABSTRACTIn vitro gas production (GP) method was used to investigate associative effects on ruminal digestion when grains (corn or barley) were supplemented to spring pasture and autumn pasture. Pasture (75%) was incubated with 25% corn or barley and gas production was monitored up to 96 h. After incubation, the residues were used to determine dry matter and organic matter digestibility (DMD and OMD). Gas production parameters were analyzed by applying a single exponential equation. Organic matter effective degradability (OMED) was determined from GP parameters and OMD. The positive associative effects on the rate of GP, ...
Source: Animal Science Journal - February 10, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Aye Sandar CHO, Koichiro UEDA, Seiji KONDO Source Type: research

Utilization of dietary urea nitrogen is stimulated by D‐mannitol feeding in rabbits
ABSTRACTThe effect of D‐mannitol as an indigestible sugar on apparent digestibility of nutrients, nitrogen (N) utilization and growth performance, have been investigated in growing rabbits fed a urea‐containing diet. In experiment 1, 40‐day‐old male rabbits were fed a commercial diet with urea 10 g/kg with added glucose or D‐mannitol 60 g/kg each. Thereafter, in experiment 2 the rabbits aged 55 days were fed a commercial diet with or without urea 10 g/kg. Feed restriction at 55 g/kg0.75/day was carried out in both experiments. Addition of D‐mannitol to the urea‐containing diet decreased urinary N ex...
Source: Animal Science Journal - February 10, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Xiao LI, Xiao MIN, Jin XIAO, Kiyonori KAWASAKI, Naoko OHTA, Ei SAKAGUCHI Source Type: research

Stable fighting strategies to maintain social ranks in captive male Alpine musk deer (Moschus sifanicus)
This study was conducted at the Xinglongshan Musk Deer Farm of China from July to September 2008. Results showed that captive male musk deer exhibit aggressive dominance behavior, by which a stable social ranking is established. Generally, there were three types of aggression in agonistic interactions among males: attacking, displacing and threatening. Threatening was more frequently observed than displacing and attacking. When in conflict with other deer, high‐rank males exhibited significantly more attacking than displacing and threatening. Moreover, no attacking occurred in low‐rank and middle‐rank males, but thes...
Source: Animal Science Journal - February 10, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Xiuxiang MENGNicholas CODYBaocao GONGLeilei XIANG Source Type: research

Utilization of dietary urea nitrogen is stimulated by D‐mannitol feeding in rabbits
ABSTRACTThe effect of D‐mannitol as an indigestible sugar on apparent digestibility of nutrients, nitrogen (N) utilization and growth performance, have been investigated in growing rabbits fed a urea‐containing diet. In experiment 1, 40‐day‐old male rabbits were fed a commercial diet with urea 10 g/kg with added glucose or D‐mannitol 60 g/kg each. Thereafter, in experiment 2 the rabbits aged 55 days were fed a commercial diet with or without urea 10 g/kg. Feed restriction at 55 g/kg0.75/day was carried out in both experiments. Addition of D‐mannitol to the urea‐containing diet decreased urinary N ex...
Source: Animal Science Journal - February 10, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Xiao LIXiao MINJin XIAOKiyonori KAWASAKINaoko OHTAEi SAKAGUCHI Source Type: research

Chemerin analog regulates energy metabolism in sheep
This study provides new information about endocrine and metabolic changes in response to chemerin in sheep.
Source: Animal Science Journal - February 10, 2012 Category: Zoology Authors: Yutaka SUZUKISang‐Houn SONGKatsuyoshi SATOKyoung‐Ha SOAstrid ARDIYANTIShun KITAYAMAYeon‐Hee HONGSung‐Dae LEEKi‐Choon CHOIAkihiko HAGINOKazuo KATOHSang‐gun ROH Source Type: research

Pathogen Persistence in the Environment and Insect-Baculovirus Interactions: Disease-Density Thresholds, Epidemic Burnout, and Insect Outbreaks.
The American Naturalist, Volume 179, Issue 3, Page E70-E96, March 2012.
Source: The American Naturalist - February 9, 2012 Category: Zoology Tags: article E-Article Source Type: research