Zoology
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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 17.
Memory for “what”, “where”, and “when” information in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta).
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The present study examined working memory for what, where, and when information in rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) using a computerized task. In Experiment 1, monkeys completed three delayed matching-to-sample (DMTS) tasks: (1) identity DMTS, (2) spatial DMTS, and (3) temporal DMTS. In Experiment 2, the identity and spatial tasks were combined so that monkeys had to report both what and where information about an event. In Experiment 3, the identity, spatial, and temporal tasks were combined to examine what-where-when memory integration. The rhesus monkeys reported all three components of the events, and there was some evi...
Source: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes - April 29, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Hoffman, Megan L.; Beran, Michael J.; Washburn, David A. Source Type: journals
Do pigeons (Columba livia) study for a test?Email this article to a colleague.
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In 4 experiments, the authors asked whether pigeons (Columba livia) would show metamemory by choosing to study a sample stimulus before taking a memory test. In Experiments 1a–1c, pigeons chose between cues that led either to exposure to a sample stimulus or directly to the comparison test stimuli without seeing the sample in a delayed matching-to-sample task. The same choice was used in Experiment 2 to see whether pigeons would take a reminder when memory of the sample was weak. In Experiments 3 and 4, pigeons’ responses led to either a choice between red and green side keys with a sample present to guide the choice o...
Source: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Animal Behavior Processes - April 29, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Roberts, William A.; Feeney, Miranda C.; McMillan, Neil; MacPherson, Krista; Musolino, Evanya; Petter, Mark Source Type: journals
Effect of refuge distance on escape behavior of side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana)Email this article to a colleague.
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P. A. Zani, T. D. Jones, R. A. Neuhaus, and J. E. Milgrom - Side-blotched lizards (Uta stansburiana Baird and Girard, 1852) use sagebrush desert habitat above cliffs and typically flee over and down the nearest cliff when disturbed....
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - April 29, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Egg neglect under risk of predation in Cassin’s Auklet (Ptychoramphus aleuticus)Email this article to a colleague.
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R. A. Ronconi and J. M. Hipfner - We tested predictions concerning the significance of egg neglect for the burrow-nesting seabird Cassin’s auklet (Ptychoramphus aleuticus (Pallas, 1811)) at a colony where endemic Keen’s...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - April 29, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
ZOONET: perspectives on the evolution of animal form. Meeting report.Email this article to a colleague.
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What drives evolution? This was one of the main questions raised at the final ZOONET meeting in Budapest, Hungary, in November 2008. The meeting marked the conclusion of ZOONET, an EU-funded Marie-Curie Research Training Network comprising nine research groups from all over Europe (Max Telford, University College London; Michael Akam, University of Cambridge; Detlev Arendt, EMBL Heidelberg; Maria Ina Arnone, Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn Napoli; Michalis Averof, IMBB Heraklion; Graham Budd, Uppsala University; Richard Copley, University of Oxford; Wim Damen, University of Cologne; Ernst Wimmer, University of Gött...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - April 29, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Fischer AH, Arboleda E, Egger B, Hilbrant M, McGregor AP, Cole AG, Daley AC Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Fin regeneration from tail segment with musculature, endoskeleton, and scales.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we used grass carp, common carp, koi carp, and zebrafish as experimental organisms. Some caudal fins could be distinctly regenerated in 2 weeks after tail amputation. After all-trans-retinoic acid treatment and tail amputation, zebrafish were unable to regenerate caudal fins that could be seen with the naked eye. However, after tail amputation, more than half of the zebrafish tested were able to regenerate caudal fins. Caudal fin regeneration depended on the presence of musculature and endoskeleton at the site of amputation. These caudal fins arose from segments of the endoskeleton, which contrast with curre...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - April 28, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Shao J, Qian X, Zhang C, Xu Z Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Conflict and resolution between phylogenies inferred from molecular and phenotypic data sets for hagfish, lampreys, and gnathostomes.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study I present results of phylogenetic analyses of combined phenotypic and molecular data sets that focus on relationships among hagfishes, lampreys, and gnathostomes. Maximum parsimony analyses of 115 phenotypic characters combined with 4,638 rRNA sites and more than 10,000 amino acids each result in monophyly of lampreys and gnathostomes, demonstrating that the addition of relatively few phenotypic characters can alter phylogenetic inferences from large molecular data sets. On the other hand, Bayesian analyses of the combined data sets support monophyly of hagfish and lampreys, indicating that model-based analys...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - April 28, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Near TJ Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Identification of Genes differentially expressed in dorsal and ventral Chick Midbrain during early Development.Email this article to a colleague.
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Conclusions:
This study reveals some possible and new networks, which might be involved in directing the different neuronal cytoarchitecture observed in the brain.
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - April 27, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: A Chittka, J n Volff and A Wizenmann Source Type: journals
Simple and integrated detours: field tests with Columbian ground squirrels.Email this article to a colleague.
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An internal representation of space offers flexibility to animals during orientation and allows execution of short cuts and detours. We tested the ability of 19 free-ranging Columbian ground squirrels (Spermophilus columbianus) to perform integrated detours that required travelling under- and aboveground. Squirrels were individually tested on their territories (2 tests) and in an arena (7 tests). During tests, animals could reach food by running aboveground and then through tunnels. For the territory tests, natural tunnels were available. For the arena tests, animals used artificial tunnels within a fenced-in part of t...
Source: Animal Cognition - April 25, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Nesterova AP, Hansen F Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
Horses (Equus caballus) select the greater of two quantities in small numerical contrasts.Email this article to a colleague.
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The ability to select the greater numerosity over another in small sets seems to stem from the calculation of which set contains more, and has been taken as evidence of a primordial representation at the roots of the primate numerical system. We tested 56 horses (Equus caballus) in a paradigm previously used with human infants and nonhuman primates. Horses saw two quantities paired in contrasts-2 versus 1, 3 versus 2, 6 versus 4 and a control for volume, 2 versus 1 big-and had to make a choice by snout touching the container holding the numerosity selected. The horses spontaneously selected the greater of the two quant...
Source: Animal Cognition - April 23, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Uller C, Lewis J Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
Disruption of the periovulatory LH surge by a transient increase in circulating 17beta-estradiol at the time of ovulation in mares.Email this article to a colleague.
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The mechanism for a reported temporal association between ovulation and a transient disruption in the periovulatory increase in LH concentrations was studied in nine mares treated with human chorionic gonadotropin when the preovulatory follicle was >/=32mm. Examinations for ovulation detection and blood collection were done at 2-h intervals and the results were retrospectively centralized to ovulation (Hour 0). Concentrations of LH began to increase (P<0.03) rapidly at Hour -18, decreased (P<0.04) between Hours 0 and 6, and again increased (P<0.0001) after Hour 12. A progressive decrease (P<0.0001) in es...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - April 23, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Ginther OJ, Almamun M, Shahiduzzaman AK, Beg MA Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Processing and subcellular localization of ADAM2 in the Macaca fascicularis testis and sperm.Email this article to a colleague.
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Fertilin, a heterodimeric protein complex composed of ADAM1 and ADAM2 located on the sperm surface, is involved in sperm-egg interaction. In our study, we examined the physiological processing and subcellular localization of M. fascicularis ADAM2 during spermatogenesis in the testis and epididymal tract. M. fascicularis ADAM2 was initially synthesized as a 100kDa precursor in testicular germ cells. After passing into 50kDa intermediate form in the epididymal tracts, the precursor form was finally processed into a 47kDa protein in sperm. We found that M. fascicularis ADAM2 is localized on the sperm surface and contribut...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - April 23, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Kim E, Lee JW, Baek DC, Lee SR, Kim MS, Kim SH, Kim CS, Ryoo ZY, Kang HS, Chang KT Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Costs and economy of autotomy for tail movement and running speed in the skink Trachylepis maculilabrisEmail this article to a colleague.
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William E. Cooper, Jr. and Chad S. Smith - Economy of autotomy (shedding less than complete tails) is advantageous via retention of ability to autotomize and reduction of costs, including lipid loss, regeneration, and...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - April 22, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Plasma concentration of anti-diuretic hormone and urine volume in response to intraruminal administration of acetate, propinata and butyrate in suckling calvesEmail this article to a colleague.
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Acetate, propionate, and butyrate were intraruminally administered to dry feed-fed suckling calves to evaluate their effects on plasma ketone bodies, anti-diuretic hormone (ADH) concentrations, and urine volume. Four male Holstein calves (5[ndash]7 weeks old) were given 1.0 L of warm water or 0.5 mole of one of the acids in 1.0 L of warm water. A 4 × 4 Latin square design was adopted for the experiment. The acetate group showed significantly higher plasma acetate concentrations than the other three groups between 0.25 h and 2.0 h after administration (P < 0.01). Plasma glucose concentrations did not differ markedly among ...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 22, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Tsunenori IRIKI, Tomomi NAKAMURA, Rui OBIGATA, Ken ONDA Source Type: journals
Application of cycling index and input-output environs for interpretation of nutrient flows in mixed rice-beef production systems in JapanEmail this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, these methods indicated new findings on nutrient utilization in the systems. The results of this study implied the further applicability of these two methods to the study of nutrient flows in mixed crop-animal production systems.
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 21, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Yusuke TABATA, Kazato OISHI, Hajime KUMAGAI, Hiroyuki HIROOKA Source Type: journals
Influence of orally administered bovine lactoferrin on lipid metabolism in lipopolysaccharide-injected preruminant calvesEmail this article to a colleague.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of oral lactoferrin (LF) administration on lipid metabolism changes in calves given lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Twenty-one 4-day-old Holstein calves were divided into three groups, with each group receiving one of three oral doses of LF (0, 1, 3 g/day) for 10 consecutive days (day [minus]10 to day [minus]1). All calves were intravenously injected with LPS (50 ng/kg BW) on day 0, the day after LF treatment ended. Plasma triglyceride concentrations were lower (P < 0.05) in the LF-treated calves than in the control calves given 0 g/day of LF at 12 and 24 h after LPS injecti...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 21, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Shiro KUSHIBIKI, Hiroyuki SHINGU, Tokushi KOMATSU, Fumiaki ITOH, Naoko MORIYA, Eiko TOUNO, Akinori OSHIBE, Koichi HODATE Source Type: journals
Using a complex non-TDN based model (the DVE/OEB system) to predict microbial protein synthesis, endogenous protein, degradation balance, and total truly absorbed protein supply of different varieties of cereal oats for ruminantsEmail this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, the model predicted significantly different protein degradation balance. The SuperOat had positive degradation balance but other two normal varieties had negative protein degraded balance However, the SuperOat had similar total absorbed protein value to the two normal varieties of oats.
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 21, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Peiqiang YU, Zhiyuan NIU Source Type: journals
Death losses due to stillbirth, neonatal death and diseases in cloned cattle derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer and their progeny: a result of nationwide survey in JapanEmail this article to a colleague.
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To obtain the data concerning death losses due to stillbirth, neonatal death and diseases in cloned cattle derived from somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) and their progeny produced by Japanese institutions, a nationwide survey was carried out in July-August, 2006. As a result, lifetime data concerning 482 SCNT cattle (97.5% of cattle produced in the country at that time) and 202 progeny of SCNT cattle were accumulated and the death loss of these cattle was analyzed. Although 1/3 of delivered SCNT calves died during the perinatal period due to stillbirth and neonatal death, incidence of death loss due to diseases in SCNT...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 21, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Shinya WATANABE, Takashi NAGAI Source Type: journals
Changes in peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma gene expression of chicken abdominal adipose tissue with different age, sex and genotypeEmail this article to a colleague.
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Peroxisome proliferatior-activated receptor gamma (PPAR[gamma]) is a transcription factor that regulates adipocyte differentiation, and the activation of PPAR[gamma] increases fat deposition in growing chickens. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the levels of PPAR[gamma] gene expression were related to fat pad weight in abdominal adipose tissue in growing chickens with different genotype and sex. Body weight and abdominal adipose tissue weight in broiler chickens (Ross strain) were higher than the other genotypes (Road Island Red, White Leghorn, and Japanese native poultry (Tsushima)) at 3 and 5 weeks...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 21, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Kan SATO, Hiroyuki ABE, Tatsuyoshi KONO, Makoto YAMAZAKI, Kazuki NAKASHIMA, Toshihiko KAMADA, Yukio AKIBA Source Type: journals
Effect of SCD and SREBP genotypes on fatty acid composition in adipose tissue of Japanese Black cattle herdsEmail this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we investigated effects of genetic factors such as stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) and sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP) on beef carcass traits including fatty acid composition using two cattle populations. Sire effect was significantly related to almost all traits except BMS, suggesting that the trait examined in this study is highly controlled by genetic factors. The effect of SCD genotype on fatty acid composition was detected remarkably in both cattle groups, especially on stearic and oleic acids. This result was consistent with our previous studies and suggests that SCD is associated with ...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 21, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Hideki OHSAKI, Atsuko TANAKA, Shogo HOASHI, Shinji SASAZAKI, Kenji OYAMA, Masaaki TANIGUCHI, Fumio MUKAI, Hideyuki MANNEN Source Type: journals
Effect of soybean hull supplementation to finishing pigs on the emission of noxious gases from slurryEmail this article to a colleague.
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Ninety six pigs were assigned on the basis of body weight (BW) to one of four dietary treatments (4 pigs per pen and 6 pens per treatment) and fed for 4 weeks. Four 14.85% CP diets were formulated to contain graded levels of soybean hulls at 0, 5, 10, or 15%, respectively. The results showed that treatments did not affect growth performance. Coefficient of total tract apparent digestibility (CTTAD) for dry matter (DM) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations were decreased linearly (P < 0.05) with the addition level of soybean hulls. Slurry ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) was not affected with the increased soybean hulls leve...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 21, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Yuan WANG, Ying-Jie CHEN, Jin-Ho CHO, Jong-Sang YOO, Yan HUANG, Hyo-Jin KIM, Seung-Oh SHIN, Tian-Xiang ZHOU, In-Ho KIM Source Type: journals
Effect of dietary dried milky sludge on productive performance and egg quality in laying Japanese quailsEmail this article to a colleague.
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The experiment was conducted to study the effectiveness of dried milky sludge (DMS) as a feed source for laying Japanese quails. The DMS was incorporated into the experimental diets at levels of 0, 5.0, 10.0, 15.0 and 20.0%. Four hundred quails were used in a completely randomized design. The results revealed that the daily egg-laying rate, feed cost/100 egg weight, egg width, egg length, egg weight, shell quality characteristics in terms of breaking time, Young's modulus, work, max force, fracturability, breaking stress, stiffness and power, as well as color intensity and yolk height improved significantly with increasing...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 21, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Tawadchai SUPPADIT, Sanchai JATURASITHA, Wirote SELASAT, Rakkeart NORKEAW, Pukkapong POUNGSUK, Nakarin PRIPWAI Source Type: journals
O-GlcNAc modifications regulate cell survival and epiboly during zebrafish developmentEmail this article to a colleague.
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Conclusions:
We conclude that O-GlcNAc modifications control the activity of proteins that regulate apoptosis and epiboly movements, but do not seem to regulate germ layer specification. O-GlcNAc modifies the transcription factor Spiel ohne grenzen/Pou5f1 and may regulate its activity.
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - April 21, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Danielle M Webster, Chin FEN Teo, Yuhua Sun, Dorota Wloga, Steven Gay, Kimberly D. Klonowski, Lance Wells and Scott T Dougan Source Type: journals
How horses (Equus caballus) see the world: humans as significant "objects"Email this article to a colleague.
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This study aimed to determine whether horses have a kind of memory of humans (based on previous interactions), leading to a general significance of humans revealed by their reactions to humans in subsequent interactions. Subjects were 59 adult horses used to interact daily with humans. Three types of behavioural tests involving an unknown experimenter evaluated three possibly different memorized types of human-animal interactions (not work-related, using work-related objects, unfamiliar working task). We also performed standardized observations of routine interactions between each horse and its familiar handler (caretaker)...
Source: Animal Cognition - April 21, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Fureix C, Jego P, Sankey C, Hausberger M Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
Mineral solubility of Panicum maximum with four herbaceous forage legume mixtures incubated in the rumen of N' Dama steersEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study was designed to determine the mineral concentration and bioavailability of iron (Fe), phosphorus (P), calcium (Ca) and sodium (Na) of mixtures of Panicum maximum (Panicum) with Lablab purpureus (Lablab), Centrosema pubescens (Centro), Stylosanthes guianensis (Stylo), and Aeschynomene histrix (Histrix) in a fistulated N'Dama steer. The solubility of minerals was determined by an in sacco method by incubating ground samples of these forages in the rumen at 0, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h. The mineral solubility characteristics of the forages were evaluated using the equation PD = a + b (1 [minus] e[minus]ct). The result...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 20, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Festus T. AJAYI, Olaniyi Jacob BABAYEMI, Abiodun A. TAIWO Source Type: journals
SOX9 is not required for the cellular events of testicular organogenesis in XX mole ovotestes.Email this article to a colleague.
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Mammalian sex determination is the genetic process that commits the undifferentiated bipotential gonads to develop as either testes or ovaries. The differentiation of SOX9-expressing Sertoli cells is assumed to be necessary to initiate testis development. Insectivorous moles of the genus Talpa represent a unique case of generalized true hermaphroditism, as XX female moles constitutively develop two ovotestes instead of normal ovaries. In this work, we have investigated the expression patterns of a number of genes known to play key roles in gonad organogenesis, throughout the entire process of ovotestis development in f...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - April 20, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Carmona FD, Lupiáñez DG, Real FM, Burgos M, Zurita F, Jiménez R Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Comparing black-capped (Poecile atricapillus) and mountain chickadees (Poecile gambeli): use of geometric and featural information in a spatial orientation task.Email this article to a colleague.
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Since Cheng (Cognition 23:149-178, 1986) first proposed the "geometric module" in rats, a great deal of research has focused on how other species use geometric information and how geometric encoding may differ across species. Here, hand-reared and wild-caught black-capped chickadees and wild-caught mountain chickadees searched for food hidden in one corner in a rectangular environment. Previous research has shown that mountain chickadees do not spontaneously encode geometric information when a salient feature is present near the goal location. Using a slightly different training and testing procedure, we found that bot...
Source: Animal Cognition - April 19, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Batty ER, Bloomfield LL, Spetch ML, Sturdy CB Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
Morphine uptake, disposition, and analgesic efficacy in the common goldfish (Carassius auratus)Email this article to a colleague.
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N. C. Newby, M. P. Wilkie, and E. D. Stevens - The purposes of the present study were to examine the rate of morphine uptake in goldfish (Carassius auratus (L., 1758)) when administered via the water,...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - April 18, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Body-condition dynamics in a northern ungulate gaining fat in winterEmail this article to a colleague.
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Serge Couturier, Steeve D. Côté, Jean Huot, and Robert D. Otto - Individual condition generally depends on density and is partly determined by habitat quality and climate. We studied long-term trends in the condition and productivity of...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - April 17, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Effects of nest substrate on egg deposition and incubation conditions in a natural population of fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas)Email this article to a colleague.
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Brian Wisenden, Shireen Alemadi, Thomas P. Dye, Katie Geray, Jodi Hendrickson, Courtney Rud, Michael Jensen, Goodwin Sonstegard, and Michelle Malott - Fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas Rafinesque, 1820) occur commonly in small lakes across the prairie region of North America. Males establish nests, court females, and tend...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - April 17, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Apparent survival, natal philopatry, and recruitment of Barrow’s goldeneyes (Bucephala islandica) in the Cariboo - Chilcotin region of British Columbia, CanadaEmail this article to a colleague.
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W. S. Boyd, B. D. Smith, S. A. Iverson, M. R. Evans, J. E. Thompson, and S. Schneider - We used capture - resight data to evaluate apparent survival, natal philopatry, and recruitment of Barrow’s goldeneyes (Bucephala islandica (Gmelin, 1789)) in British Columbia, Canada. Median ages...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - April 17, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Large-scale spatiotemporal variation in calf sex ratio in moose (Alces alces): an effect of density-dependent decrease in maternal condition?Email this article to a colleague.
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K. Bjørneraas, E. J. Solberg, I. Herfindal, and B.-E. Sæther - The harvest of Norwegian moose (Alces alces (L., 1758)) is directed towards certain sex and age classes to maximize yield in terms of meat...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - April 17, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Testing the orbital lubrication hypothesis: the Harderian glands in burrowing skinks (Reptilia: Squamata)Email this article to a colleague.
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This study investigated the...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - April 17, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Effect of fortifying concentrate supplement with fibrolytic enzymes on nutrient utilization, milk yield and composition in lactating goatsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Thirty lactating Beetle-sannen crossbred goats were randomly divided into 3 groups based on first fortnight milk yield, and then adjusted to body weights to study the effect of fibrolytic enzyme supplementation on digestibility and milk production. Goats in the control group (C) were fed 500 g of concentrate supplement (CS) without exogenous fibrolytic enzymes (control; CG) or CS fortified with cellulase and xylanases @ of 4000 and 12500 (EG1) or 8000 and 18 750 IU/kg (EG2), respectively. CS was offered in two equal proportions just after milking at 7 and 17 h. After feeding CS, goats were fed 1200 g of wheat straw as roug...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 17, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Prokasananda BALA, Raman MALIK, Bandla SRINIVAS Source Type: journals
Autoradiographic observations on developing and growing claws of reptilesEmail this article to a colleague.
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Alibardi, L. 2009. Autoradiographic observations on developing and growing claws of reptiles. [mdash]Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) xx: 000[ndash]000. The present qualitative autoradiographic analysis aims to present the main features of morphogenesis and growth of claws in reptiles. Lizard embryos treated with tritiated thymidine reveal that epidermal cell proliferation in terminal digits is prevalent in the dorsal side and gives origin to the curved unguis of the claw. Less proliferation occurs in the ventral side of the digit tip where the concave sub-unguis is derived. Adult claws of a turtle show that thymidine-labelled c...
Source: Acta Zoologica - April 17, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Lorenzo Alibardi Source Type: journals
Lactobacillus hayakitensis, L. equigenerosi and L. equi, predominant lactobacilli in the intestinal flora of healthy thoroughbredsEmail this article to a colleague.
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To detect the predominant lactobacilli in the intestinal flora of healthy thoroughbreds, we isolated lactobacilli from the feces of nine thoroughbreds (five males and four females; 0[ndash]15-year-old). The isolated lactobacilli comprise 17 species (37 strains), and they were classified into five groups: Lactobacillus salivarius (6 species), L. reuteri (6 species), Lactobacillus delbrueckii (3 species), L. buchneri (1 species) and L. vitulinus (1 species). On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequences, we identified 3 other phylogenetic relatives belonging to the genus Lactobacillus. These results suggest that the intestinal flo...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 16, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Hidetoshi MORITA, Akiyo NAKANO, Mitsuharu SHIMAZU, Hidehiro TOH, Fumihiko NAKAJIMA, Masahiro NAGAYAMA, Shin HISAMATSU, Yukio KATO, Misako TAKAGI, Hideto TAKAMI, Hiroaki AKITA, Minoru MATSUMOTO, Toshio MASAOKA, Masaru MURAKAMI Source Type: journals
A study on feeding hazelnut kernel oil meal as a protein source for broiler chickensEmail this article to a colleague.
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An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of substituting different levels of hazelnut kernel oil meal (HKM) for soybean meal (SBM) in diets for broiler. A total of 450 one-day-old female Ross 308 broiler chicks were allocated randomly to three treatment groups of 150 birds each in a randomized design. Each treatment group consisted of five replicates each of 30 chicks. All diets (in mash form) were formulated to meet nutrient concentrations recommended for broilers. The experiment lasted for six weeks. In the experiment, an SBM control (SBM) diet was compared to two HKM diets, replacing 50 (50HKM) and 100% (HKM) ...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 16, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Guray ERENER, F. BURAK AK, Nuh OCAK Source Type: journals
Water-soluble phosphorus excretion in pigs fed diets supplemented with microbial phytaseEmail this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, adding phytase at 1000 units/kg to a corn-soybean meal-based P-deficient diet basal diet containing no added inorganic P compared with B + P diet reduced the daily excretion of water-soluble P in starter, grower, and finisher pigs by 42, 34, and 30%, respectively.
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 16, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Joshua A. JENDZA, Olayiwola ADEOLA Source Type: journals
Variety diversity effect on the chemical composition and dry matter degradation characteristics of residue and by-products of oil palm fruitsEmail this article to a colleague.
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The materials palm press fibre (PPF), palm calyx (PCL) and palm oil sludge (POS) obtained from three varieties of oil palm: dura, oleifera and tenera were investigated for the effect of variety on their nutritive value. Analysis of proximate composition, cell wall fractions, some mineral concentration as well as in-situ dry matter degradation in the rumen of steers were carried out. Significant effects of materials (i.e. PPF, PCL and POS) as well as variety (i.e. dura, oleifera and tenera) were noticed in all the parameters studied except sodium (Na) and organic matter (OM) components. Crude protein (CP) values in all the ...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 16, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Musibau Adungbe BAMIKOLE, Uamai Julius IKHATUA Source Type: journals
The effects of inclusion levels of urea-treated potato pulp silage in concentrate and roughage sources on finishing performance and carcass quality in cull beef cowsEmail this article to a colleague.
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An experiment was conducted to determine the effects of inclusion levels of potato pulp silage in concentrate (0, 15, 30 or 45%; on a dry matter basis) and roughage sources (rice straw or wheat straw) on finishing performance and carcass quality of cull beef cows. Sixteen Japanese Black (Wagyu) mature cull cows (490 ± 31 kg of BW) were used in this experiment. Increasing the levels of potato pulp silage in concentrate and roughage sources did not significantly affect feed intake in cows. In addition, the final body weight, daily gain and feed : gain ratio were not influenced by the inclusion levels of potato pulp silage i...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 16, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Masahito SUGIMOTO, Waka SAITO, Motoki OOI, Yukinobu SATO, Toshiro SAITO Source Type: journals
Red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus) as a model for studying the molecular mechanism of seasonal reproductionEmail this article to a colleague.
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Photoperiodism is an adaptation mechanism that enables animals to predict seasonal changes in the environment. Japanese quail is the best model organism for studying photoperiodism. Although the recent availability of chicken genome sequences has permitted the expansion from single gene to genome-wide transcriptional analysis in this organism, the photoperiodic response of the domestic chicken is less robust than that of the quail. Therefore, in the present study, we examined the photoperiodic response of the red jungle fowl (Gallus gallus), a predecessor of the domestic chicken, to test whether this animal could be develo...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 16, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Hiroko ONO, Nobuhiro NAKAO, Takashi YAMAMURA, Keiji KINOSHITA, Makoto MIZUTANI, Takao NAMIKAWA, Masayuki IIGO, Shizufumi EBIHARA, Takashi YOSHIMURA Source Type: journals
Effects of 'Five freedoms' environmental enrichment on the welfare of calves reared indoorsEmail this article to a colleague.
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We provided comfortable resting areas in pens and tools for self-grooming and suppressing aggressive behavior for environmental enrichment in Japanese black and Japanese Shorthorn calves. At the start of the experiment, the black calves (n = 10) were 164 days old and 138 kg in weight, and the Japanese Shorthorn calves (n = 10) were 176 days old and 164 kg in weight. Calves of each breed were divided into two groups (the enrichment group and the non-treatment group), and each group was housed in a 4 m × 7.2 m pen. The effect of enrichment on calf welfare was estimated on the basis of daily weight gain and behavior. The bru...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 16, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Shigeru NINOMIYA, Shusuke SATO Source Type: journals
Reduced glutathione decreases energy expenditure in chicks exposed to separation stressEmail this article to a colleague.
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Recently, we reported that intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of reduced glutathione (GSH) induces hypnotic and sedative effects under an acute stressful condition in chicks. However, no information is available on the effects of GSH on energy expenditure (EE) under stressful conditions. The purpose of the present study was to clarify whether i.c.v. injection of GSH affects EE of neonatal chicks, and whether EE is correlated with behavioral changes after isolation-induced stress. The EE was rapidly decreased by i.c.v. injection of GSH, but was increased 27 min after injection. This change in EE was correlated with ...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 16, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Haruka YAMANE, Shozo TOMONAGA, Yousuke TSUNEYOSHI, D. Michael DENBOW, Mitsuhiro FURUSE Source Type: journals
Intracerebroventricular injection of L-aspartic acid and L-asparagine induces sedative effects under an acute stressful condition in neonatal chicksEmail this article to a colleague.
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The present study was conducted to clarify the central functions of L-aspartic acid (Asp) and L-asparagine (Asn) during an acute stressful condition in chicks. Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of Asp and Asn (0.84 µmol) attenuated the vocalization that normally occurs during social separation stress. Asp decreased the time spent in active wakefulness and induced sedation. Asn had a similar effect to Asp, although somewhat weaker. However, i.c.v. injection of Asp and Asn further enhanced plasma corticosterone release under social separation stress. Taken together, the i.c.v. injection of Asp and Asn has sedative ...
Source: Animal Science Journal - April 16, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Haruka YAMANE, Mari ASECHI, Yousuke TSUNEYOSHI, Isao KURAUCHI, D. Michael DENBOW, Mitsuhiro FURUSE Source Type: journals
Organization of the vitelline envelope in ovarian follicles of Torpedo marmorata Risso, 1810 (Elasmobranchii: Torpediniformes).Email this article to a colleague.
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In Torpedo marmorata, the vitelline envelope (VE), an extracellular envelope surrounding the growing oocyte, consists of fibrils and amorphous materials that are deposited in the perivitelline space starting from the initial steps of oocyte growth. SDS-PAGE analysis of the isolated and purified VE reveals that it consists of different glycoproteins. Furthermore, our investigations showed that the 120 and 66 kDa glycoproteins are positive to an antibody directed against gp69/64 of the Xenopus laevis VE and are synthesized under the control of 17beta-estradiol in the liver, that, together follicle cells and the oocyte, i...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - April 16, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Prisco M, Del Giudice G, Agnese M, Ricchiari L, Campanella C, Andreuccetti P Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Uncovering genetic regulatory network divergence between duplicate genes using yeast eQTL landscape.Email this article to a colleague.
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Genetical genomics, a novel approach combining microarray technology and quantitative genetic analysis, aims to identify the expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs), which may regulate the genome-wide expression pattern. In this article, we have studied yeast genomic eQTL data to investigate how the genetic eQTL regulation of ancestral gene has diverged since gene duplication. Our findings are as follows: (i) Duplicate genes have higher heritability for gene expression than single-copy genes, but little difference in their epistasis and directional effect. (ii) The divergence of trans-acting eQTLs between duplicate ...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - April 16, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Zou Y, Su Z, Yang J, Zeng Y, Gu X Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Effect of Vitamin E supplement in diet on antioxidant ability of testis in Boer goat.Email this article to a colleague.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the supplementation of Vitamin E in diet on the antioxidant capacity of testis in Boer goat. Twenty-four healthy, Boer male kids of similar body weight (BW) were selected at 3 months of age from the kid flock. Kids were born from does treated with simultaneous flushing and artificial insemination technology. The Boer kids were divided into four groups randomly, supplemented with 0, 80, 320 and 880IUkid(-1)d(-1) Vitamin E, which were labeled as Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively, for 150 days (5 months). Blood samples were collected at the 15th-, 30th-, 60th-, 90th-, 120th-, and 150...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - April 8, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Hong Z, Hailing L, Hui M, Guijie Z, Leyan Y, Dubing Y Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
A prime inference on genetic diversity (RAPDs) in the marine fish Atherinella brasiliensis (Teleostei, Atherinopsidae) from Southern BrazilEmail this article to a colleague.
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Da Silva Cortinhas, M. C., Glienke, C., Prioli, A. J., Noleto, R. B., Matoso, D. A. and Cestari, M. M. 2009. A prime inference on genetic diversity (RAPDs) in the marine fish Atherinella brasiliensis (Teleostei, Atherinopsidae) from Southern Brazil. [mdash]Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) xx: 000[ndash]000 As a result of the importance of Atherinella brasiliensis in estuarine environments, random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to verify the genetic diversity in A. brasiliensis from two different places in Paranaguá Bay (Paraná State) and one from the Conceição Lagoon (Santa Catarina State). Cytogenetic da...
Source: Acta Zoologica - April 5, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Maria Cristina da Silva Cortinhas, Chirlei Glienke, Alberto José Prioli, Rafael Bueno Noleto, Daniele Aparecida Matoso, Marta Margarete Cestari Source Type: journals
Prostaglandin H synthase Type 2 is differentially expressed in endometrium based on pregnancy status in pony mares and responds to oxytocin and conceptus secretions in explant culture.Email this article to a colleague.
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The equine embryo must signal its presence to the uterus for pregnancy to continue to term. Mobility of the conceptus throughout the uterus is crucial for its survival, and this action presumably permits the conceptus to transmit its antiluteolytic signal to the endometrium. Studies were completed to establish whether this unidentified antiluteolytic signal targets prostaglandin G/H synthase 2 (PGHS2), a rate limiting enzyme in converting arachidonic acid to prostaglandins (PGs). In the first study, quantitative RT-PCR was used to determine the relative abundance of PGHS2 mRNA in endometrium derived from estrous cyclic...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - April 5, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Ealy AD, Eroh ML, Sharp DC Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
In vitro survival and development of goat preantral follicles in two different oxygen tensions.Email this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, concentration of 20% O(2) was more efficient in promoting follicular growth and oocyte meiosis resumption from preantral follicles of goats when grown in vitro.
PMID: 19442461 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - April 5, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Silva CM, Matos MH, Rodrigues GQ, Faustino LR, Pinto LC, Chaves RN, Araújo VR, Campello CC, Figueiredo JR Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
