Zoology
This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. 
Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.
Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.
Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.
Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.
Get the very latest Swine Flu news via the MedWorm Swine Flu RSS news feed - updated hourly from thousands of authoritative health and news sources.
This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 20.
Boundary cells regulate a switch in the expression of FGF3 in hindbrain rhombomeres.
Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions:
These findings suggest that boundary cells are required for the downregulation of segmental FGF3, presumably mediated by a soluble factor(s) that emanates from boundaries. We propose that this new function of boundary cells enables a switch in gene expression that may be required for stage-specific functions of FGF3 in the developing hindbrain.
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - February 20, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Dalit Sela-Donenfeld, Galya Kayam and David G Wilkinson Source Type: journals
Fine-scale habitat selection by adult female swamp wallabies (Wallabia bicolor)Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Matthew Swan, Julian Di Stefano, Andrew Greenfield, Graeme Coulson - Volume 56(5)
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - February 19, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
A novel exocrine structure of the bicellular unit type in the thorax of termitesEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Gonçalves, T. T., DeSouza, O., Billen, J. 2009. A novel exocrine structure of the bicellular unit type in the thorax of termites [mdash] Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) xx: 000[ndash]000 Studying the thorax of some Termitidae species, we found two pairs of hitherto unknown lateral glands in the mesothorax and metathorax of both workers and soldiers. The glands consist of distinct clusters of class 3 secretory cells accompanied by their duct cells, located in the upper lateral portion of the thoracic wall. Ultrastructural observations reveal numerous mitochondria, a well-developed Golgi apparatus and vesicular smooth endoplasmi...
Source: Acta Zoologica - February 19, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Teresa Telles Gonçalves, Og DeSouza, Johan Billen Source Type: journals
Sds22, a PP1 phosphatase regulatory subunit, regulates epithelial cell polarity and shapeEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions:
Sds22 is a conserved PP1 phosphatase regulatory subunit that controls cell shape and polarity.
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - February 19, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Felix A Grusche, Cristina Hidalgo, Georgina Fletcher, Hsin-Ho Sung, Erik Sahai and Barry J Thompson Source Type: journals
Cold exposure does not decrease serum leptin concentration, but increases energy intake and thermogenic capacity in pregnant Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii).Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
In most mammals, maternal body mass and fat mass increase during pregnancy due to hyperphagia. These physiological changes provide the fetus with energy and nutrients and prepare the mother for the high energetic demands of lactation. In the present study, metabolic changes in response to cold and pregnancy were examined in female Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii). At 23+/-1 degrees C, the voles increased body mass and deposited body fat during pregnancy. However, at 5+/-1 degrees C pregnant voles did not deposit body fat even though energy intake increased above the level in the warm. Serum leptin concentration i...
Source: Zoology - February 19, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Zhang XY, Jing BB, Wang DH Tags: Zoology (Jena) Source Type: journals
Morphology, ornaments and performance in two chameleon ecomorphs: Is the casque bigger than the bite?Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The evolution of ecomorphs within a species may represent either unique evolutionary events or multiple convergent events in similar environments. Functional studies of differing morphological traits of ecomorphs have been important to elucidate their role in adaptive radiations. The Cape dwarf chameleon, Bradypodion pumilum, has two ecomorphs: a large, brightly colored, ornate form found in closed habitats, and a small, dull form with reduced ornamentation found in open vegetation. The typical form is known to use casque size to communicate fighting ability, but it is unknown whether this is an honest signal and wheth...
Source: Zoology - February 19, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Measey GJ, Hopkins K, Tolley KA Tags: Zoology (Jena) Source Type: journals
Ultrastructure of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoon of Anonchotaenia globata (von Linstow, 1879) (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea, Paruterinidae)Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Yoneva, A., Georgieva, K., Mizinska, Ya., Nikolov, P.N., Georgiev, B.B. and Stoitsova, S.R. 2009. Ultrastructure of spermiogenesis and mature spermatozoon of Anonchotaenia globata (von Linstow 1879) (Cestoda, Cyclophyllidea, Paruterinidae). [mdash] Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) xx: 000[ndash]000 The ultrastructure of spermiogenesis and of the spermatozoon of a species of the family Paruterinidae is described for the first time. The spermiogenesis of Anonchotaenia globata starts with the formation of a differentiation zone with two centrioles associated with thin striated roots. One of the centrioles gives rise to a free flage...
Source: Acta Zoologica - February 18, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Aneta Yoneva, Katia Georgieva, Yana Mizinska, Pavel N. Nikolov, Boyko B. Georgiev, Stoyanka R. Stoitsova Source Type: journals
Structural and ultrastructural studies of male reproductive tract and spermatozoa in Xylocopa frontalis (Hymenoptera, Apidae)Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Fiorillo, B. S., Zama, U., Lino-Neto, J. and Báo, S. N. 2009. Structural and ultrastructural studies of male reproductive tract and spermatozoa in Xylocopa frontalis (Hymenoptera, Apidae). [mdash]Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) xx: 000[ndash]000. In Xylocopa frontalis the reproductive tract is composed of testes, deferent ducts, seminal vesicles, accessory glands and an ejaculatory duct. Each testis comprises four testicular tubules in which multiple cysts are present containing approximately 64 spermatozoa per cyst. The seminal vesicle consists of an epithelium, a thick basement lamina and a muscular external sheet. In the lu...
Source: Acta Zoologica - February 18, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: B. S. Fiorillo, U. Zama, J. Lino-Neto, S. N. Báo Source Type: journals
Chick tooth induction revisited.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Teeth have been missing from Aves for almost 100 million years. However, it is believed that the avian oral epithelium retains the molecular signaling required to induce odontogenesis, and this has been widely examined using heterospecific recombinations with mouse dental mesenchyme. It has also been argued that teeth can form from the avian oral epithelium owing to contamination of the mouse mesenchyme with mouse dental epithelial cells. To investigate the possibility of tooth formation from chick oral epithelium and the characteristics of possible chick enamel, we applied LacZ transgenic mice during heterospecific re...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - February 18, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Cai J, Cho SW, Ishiyama M, Mikami M, Hosoya A, Kozawa Y, Ohshima H, Jung HS Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Ultrastructure and functional features of midgut of an adult water mite Teutonia cometes (Koch, 1837) (Hydrachnidia: Teutoniidae)Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Shatrov, A.B. 2009. Ultrastructure and functional features of midgut of an adult water mite Teutonia cometes (Koch 1837) (Hydrachnidia: Teutoniidae). [mdash]Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) xx: 000[ndash]000 The midgut of the adult water mite Teutonia cometes (Koch 1837) (Hydrachnidia: Teutoniidae) was investigated by means of transmission electron microscopy and on semi-thin sections. The midgut is represented by a blind sac composed of the narrow ventriculus, two proventricular lateral diverticula and three pairs of postventricular caeca. A single-layered epithelium consists of one type of endodermal digestive cells of quite d...
Source: Acta Zoologica - February 17, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Andrew B. Shatrov Source Type: journals
Spermiogenesis and spermatozoon ultrastructure of the davaineid cestode Raillietina micracantha (Fuhrmann, 1909)Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Miquel, J., Torres, J., Foronda, P. and Feliu, C. 2009. Spermiogenesis and spermatozoon ultrastructure of the davaineid cestode Raillietina micracantha. [mdash] Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) xx: 000[ndash]000 The spermiogenesis and the ultrastructural organization of the spermatozoon of the davaineid cestode Raillietina micracantha are described by means of transmission electron microscopy. Spermiogenesis begins with the formation of a zone of differentiation containing two centrioles. One of the centrioles develops a free flagellum that later fuses with a cytoplasmic extension. The nucleus migrates along the spermatid body a...
Source: Acta Zoologica - February 17, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Jordi Miquel, Jordi Torres, Pilar Foronda, Carlos Feliu Source Type: journals
The evolution of the protonephridial terminal organ across Rotifera with particular emphasis on Dicranophorus forcipatus, Encentrum mucronatum and Erignatha clastopis (Rotifera: Dicranophoridae)Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
We report on the ultrastructure of the protonephridial terminal organ in three species of dicranophorid rotifers (Dicranophorus forcipatus, Encentrum mucronatum and Erignatha clastopis). Differences between the three species relate to shape and size, the morphology of the filter region and the number of microvilli and cilia inside the terminal organ. A comparison across Rotifera indicates that the terminal organs in D. forcipatus display a number of plesiomorphic characters, but are modified in E. mucronatum and Er. clastopis. This is in accordance with the results of phylogenetic analyses suggesting a basal position of D....
Source: Acta Zoologica - February 17, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Ole Riemann, Wilko H. Ahlrichs Source Type: journals
Biodiversity and distribution of epibiontic communities on Caridina ensifera (Crustacea, Decapoda, Atyidae) from Lake Poso: comparison with another ancient lake system of Sulawesi (Indonesia)Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Fernandez-Leborans, G. and von Rintelen, K. (2009) Biodiversity and distribution of epibiontic communities on Caridina ensifera (Crustacea, Decapoda, Atyidae) from Lake Poso: comparison with another ancient lake system of Sulawesi (Indonesia). [mdash] Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) xx: 000[ndash]000 The epibiont communities of the shrimp Caridina ensifera, endemic to Lake Poso (Sulawesi, Indonesia), were analysed. Most of the epibiont species were ciliated protozoa belonging to three suctorian genera (Acineta, Podophrya and Spelaeophrya), three peritrich genera (Zoothamnium, Vorticella and Cothurnia), and a haptorid genus (Amp...
Source: Acta Zoologica - February 17, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Gregorio Fernandez-Leborans, Kristina von Rintelen Source Type: journals
Light and electron microscopic study of the anterior oesophagus of Bulla striata (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia)Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Lobo-da-Cunha, A., Oliveira, E., Alves, Â., Coelho, R., Calado, G. 2009. Light and electron microscopic study of the anterior oesophagus of Bulla striata (Mollusca, Opisthobranchia). [mdash]Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 00: 000[ndash]000. The anterior oesophagus of Bulla striata was investigated with light and electron microscopy. In the most anterior region, the ridges of the oesophageal wall are covered by a ciliated columnar epithelium forming large apical blebs which are released into the lumen, an activity that is particularly intense in the oesophageal pouch. In the last two-thirds of the anterior oesophagus, the epith...
Source: Acta Zoologica - February 17, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Alexandre Lobo-da-Cunha, Elsa Oliveira, Ângela Alves, Rita Coelho, Gonçalo Calado Source Type: journals
A shortening of the manus precedes the attenuation of other wing-bone elements in the evolution of flightlessness in birdsEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Nudds, R. L., Slove Davidson, J. 2009. A shortening of the manus precedes the attenuation of other wing-bone elements in the evolution of flightlessness in birds. [mdash]Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 00: 000[ndash]000. This is the first study to present evidence for a general pattern of wing-bone attenuation during the early stages of the evolution of flightlessness. A comparative analysis using phylogenetic independent contrasts showed that in families that contain both flighted (volant) and flightless species, the volant species have shorter wings and total-arm (humerus + ulna + manus) lengths relative to their body masses ...
Source: Acta Zoologica - February 17, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: R. L. Nudds, J. Slove Davidson Source Type: journals
Genetic basis of tooth agenesis.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Tooth agenesis or hypodontia, failure to develop all normally developing teeth, is one of the most common developmental anomalies in man. Common forms, including third molar agenesis and hypodontia of one or more of the incisors and premolars, constitute the great majority of cases. They typically affect those teeth that develop latest in each tooth class and these teeth are also most commonly affected in more severe and rare types of tooth agenesis. Specific vulnerability of the last developing teeth suggests that agenesis reflects quantitative defects during dental development. So far molecular genetics has revealed ...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - February 13, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Nieminen P Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Lines of mice with chronically elevated baseline corticosterone levels are more susceptible to a parasitic nematode infection.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Chronically elevated circulating plasma glucocorticoid concentrations can have suppressive effects on immune function in mammals. House mice (Mus domesticus) that have been selectively bred for high voluntary wheel running exhibit chronically elevated (two-fold, on average) plasma corticosterone (CORT) levels and hence are an interesting model to study possible glucocorticoid-induced immune suppression. As an initial test of their immunocompetence, we compared the four replicate high runner (HR) lines with their four non-selected control (C) lines by subjecting them to infection by a parasitic nematode, Nippostrongylus...
Source: Zoology - February 13, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Malisch JL, Kelly SA, Bhanvadia A, Blank KM, Marsik RL, Platzer EG, Garland T Tags: Zoology (Jena) Source Type: journals
Simultaneous expansions of microRNAs and protein-coding genes by gene/genome duplications in early vertebrates.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Does miRNAs underlie the origin of organismal complexity in vertebrates? The current controversy is focused on whether the inventory of vertebrate miRNAs can be explained by the classical two-round genome duplications. We estimate the age distribution of vertebrate miRNA duplication events, showing the evolutionary scenario that gene/genome duplications in the early stage of vertebrates may expand the protein-encoding genes and miRNAs simultaneously. We further speculate that genetically lying behind the evolution of vertebrate complexity may be the proteome doubling and alterations of the epigenetic (including miRNA) ...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - February 12, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Gu X, Su Z, Huang Y Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Bobwhite quail (Colinus virginianus) hatchlings track the direction of human gaze.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Gaze following allows individuals to detect the locus of attention of both conspecifics and other species. However, little is known about how this ability develops. We explored the emergence of bobwhite quail hatchlings' ability to track human gaze by assessing their avoidance behavior in an open arena under five testing conditions: (1) a Direct Gaze condition, in which an experimenter looking down was positioned above one of two approach areas; (2) a Gaze Follow condition in which an experimenter, positioned equidistant between two approach areas, directed his/her gaze towards one of the areas; (3) a Masked Gaze Follo...
Source: Animal Cognition - February 11, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Jaime M, Lopez JP, Lickliter R Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
Its own reward: lessons to be drawn from the reversed-reward contingency paradigm.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
This is a review of the reversed-reward contingency (RRC) paradigm in animals and the cognitive functions on which it is founded. I shall present the RRC basic paradigm and the ensuing modifications it underwent, the animals tested, the results obtained and the analyses offered within the literature. Then I would the claim that RRC is a case of a compound cognitive behavior, one that is the result of interactions between three other cognitive functions: crude numerical assessment and economic choice (uniting value assignment and behavioral inhibition). I will present data concerning these three fields and will demonstr...
Source: Animal Cognition - February 11, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Shifferman EM Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
Convergent signalling through Fgfr2 regulates divergent craniofacial morphogenesis.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we confirm that molar tooth development in Fgfr2IIIb(-/-) mice is arrested early in development and that the molar teeth of Fgf10(-/-) mice develop through all the normal stages of morphogenesis. We show that the molar phenotype of Fgfr2IIIb(-/-) mice is, in part, owing to reduced cell proliferation in both epithelial and mesenchymal compartments. We also show that the developing molar teeth of Fgf10(-/-) mice exhibit reduced cell proliferation. However, this reduction is not sufficient to arrest molar development.Recent evidence has indicated that Fgfr2IIIb/Fgf10 signalling is active in the calvaria in some...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - February 9, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Veistinen L, Aberg T, Rice DP Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Calcium-mediated differentiation of ameloblast lineage cells in vitro.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study we used human ameloblast lineage cells to determine the effect of calcium on cell function. Primary human ameloblast lineage cells were isolated from human fetal tooth buds. Cells were treated with calcium ranging from 0.05 to -1.8 mM. Cell morphology was imaged by phase contrast microscopy, and amelogenin was immunolocalized. Proliferation of cells treated with calcium was measured by BrdU immunoassay. The effect of calcium on mRNA expression of amelogenin, Type 1 collagen, DSPP, amelotin, and KLK-4 was compared by PCR analysis. Von Kossa staining was used to detect mineral formation after cells were pretrea...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - February 9, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Chen J, Zhang Y, Mendoza J, Denbesten P Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Repeated sequence homogenization between the control and pseudo-control regions in the mitochondrial genomes of the subfamily Aquilinae.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
In birds, the noncoding control region (CR) and its flanking genes are the only parts of the mitochondrial (mt) genome that have been modified by intragenomic rearrangements. In raptors, two noncoding regions are present: the CR has shifted to a new position with respect to the "ancestral avian gene order," whereas the pseudo-control region (PsiCR) is located at the original genomic position of the CR. As possible mechanisms for this rearrangement, duplication and transposition have been considered. During characterization of the mt gene order in Bonelli's eagle Hieraaetus fasciatus, we detected intragenomic sequence s...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - February 9, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Cadahía L, Pinsker W, Negro JJ, Pavlicev M, Urios V, Haring E Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Developmental modularity and the marsupial-placental dichotomy.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The contrasting evolutionary histories of marsupial and placental mammals have often been attributed to their different reproductive strategies. The speciose placentals develop mainly in utero and have radiated into diverse niches, whereas marsupials are born in a highly altricial state with immediate functional requirements and are limited in taxonomic, ecological, and morphological diversity. These differences have been tied to heterochrony, and it has been hypothesized that coordinated shifts in developmental timing occur among functionally- or developmentally related structures, such as forelimbs in marsupials. We ...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - February 9, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Goswami A, Weisbecker V, Sánchez-Villagra MR Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
In vitro culture and somatic cell nuclear transfer affect imprinting of SNRPN gene in pre- and post-implantation stages of development in cattleEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions:
Together these results suggest that artificial reproductive techniques, such as prolonged in vitro culture and SCNT, lead to abnormal reprogramming of imprinting of SNRPN gene by altering methylation levels at this locus.
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - February 6, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Joao Suzuki, Jacinthe Therrien, France Filion, Rejean Lefebvre, Alan K Goff and Lawrence C Smith Source Type: journals
Is the remodeling of the polyp prepattern in a hydrozoan planula a function of larval age or size and is it of "adaptive" significance?Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Eggs of medusae develop into lecithotrophic planulae that undergo metamorphosis at different ages to form polyps. As planulae age they decrease in size as their yolk stores are utilized. The planulae of most Phialidium medusae develop into polyps where there is a decrease in the size of the holdfast region and a relative increase in the size of the hydranth region as they age. These changes occur independently of the decrease in planula size. In planulae with a decrease in the size of the holdfast region and an increase in the size of the hydranth-forming region there was a 50% decline in polyps that successfully staye...
Source: Zoology - February 6, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Freeman G Tags: Zoology (Jena) Source Type: journals
Plasticity of epithelial cell shape in response to upstream signals: A whole-organism study using transgenic Hydra.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Multicellular organisms consist of a variety of cells of distinctive morphology, with the cell shapes often reproduced with astonishing accuracy between individuals and across species. The morphology of cells varies with tissues, and cell shape changes are of profound importance in many occasions of morphogenesis. To elucidate the mechanisms of cell shape determination and regulation is therefore an important issue. One of the simplest multicellular organisms is the freshwater polyp Hydra. Although much is known about patterning in this early branching metazoan, there is currently little understanding of how cells in H...
Source: Zoology - February 6, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Anton-Erxleben F, Thomas A, Wittlieb J, Fraune S, Bosch TC Tags: Zoology (Jena) Source Type: journals
Marfan syndrome and its disorder in periodontal tissues.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Elastic system fibers are composed of two distinct elements, elastin, which is an amorphous component crosslinked in the core, and microfibril, localized in the periphery of elastin. As microfibrillar proteins, fibrillins, microfibril-associated glycoproteins (MAGPs), latent TGF-beta-binding proteins (LTBPs), microfibril-associated proteins (MFAPs), and fibulins are known. Fibrillin-1 is a major microfibrillar protein and characterized by calcium binding EGF-like (cbEGF) domain. Association between fibrillin-1 and TGF-beta is a recent topic of this field and this interaction is known to inactivate and target TGF-beta a...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - February 6, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Suda N, Shiga M, Ganburged G, Moriyama K Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Responses of Action Potential and K+ Currents to Temperature Acclimation in Fish Hearts: Phylogeny or Thermal Preferences?Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles.
Abstract Electrical activity of the heart is assumed to be one of the key factors that set thermal tolerance limits for ectothermic vertebrates. Therefore, we hypothesized that in thermal acclimation—the duration of cardiac action potential and the repolarizing K+ currents that regulate action potential duration (APD)—the rapid component of the delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr) and the inward rectifier K+ current (IK1) are more plastic in eurythermal than in stenothermal fish species. The hypothesis was tested in six freshwater ...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - February 4, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals
A Modified Yolk Biopsy Technique Improves Survivorship of Turtle EggsEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we present an improved yolk manipulation technique that resulted in increased egg survival (in excess of 70% survival) in the red‐eared slider turtle (Trachemys scripta) and that may be broadly applicable to other species. By elevating survival to a level on par with other oviparous taxa, this method permits a more thorough exploration of reptilian egg physiology and allows for studies that examine traits in both the egg and the resulting hatchling.
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - February 4, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Technical Comment Source Type: journals
The role of menopause and reproductive senescence in a long-lived social mammalEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions:
Although existing data do not allow us to examine evolutionary tradeoffs between survival and reproduction for this species, we were able to examine the effect of maternal age on offspring survival. Our results are consistent with similar studies of other mammals - oldest mothers appear to be better mothers, producing calves with higher survival rates. Studies of juvenile survival in humans have reported positive benefits of grandmothers on newly weaned infants; our results indicate that 3-years old killer whales may experience a positive benefit from helpful grandmothers. While our research provides little su...
Source: Frontiers in Zoology - February 3, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Eric J Ward, Kim Parsons, Elizabeth E Holmes, Kenneth C Balcomb and John KB Ford Source Type: journals
Comparative larval myogenesis and adult myoanatomy of the rhynchonelliform (articulate) brachiopods Argyrotheca cordata, A. cistellula, and Terebratalia transversaEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions:
Our data indicate that larvae of rhynchonelliform brachiopods share a common muscular bodyplan and are thus derived from a common ancestral larval type. Comparison of the muscular phenotype of rhynchonelliform larvae to that of the other two lophophorate phyla, Phoronida and Ectoprocta, does not indicate homology of individual larval muscles. This may be due to an early evolutionary split of the ontogenetic pathways of Brachiopoda, Phoronida, and Ectoprocta that gave rise to the morphological diversity of these phyla.
Source: Frontiers in Zoology - February 3, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Andreas Altenburger and Andreas Wanninger Source Type: journals
CDC2/SPDY transiently associates with endoplasmic reticulum exit sites during oocyte maturationEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions:
Our data demonstrate the presence of a novel structure in the cortex of porcine oocytes that comprises ERES and transiently accumulates CDC2 prior to germinal vesicle breakdown. In addition, we show that SPDY, but not cyclin B, localizes to this ERES cluster together with CDC2.
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - February 3, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Jurriaan J Holzenspies, Willem Stoorvogel, Ben Colenbrander, Bernard AJ Roelen, Dagmar R Gutknecht and Theo van Haeften Source Type: journals
Gestural communication of the gorilla (Gorilla gorilla): repertoire, intentionality and possible origins.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Social groups of gorillas were observed in three captive facilities and one African field site. Cases of potential gesture use, totalling 9,540, were filtered by strict criteria for intentionality, giving a corpus of 5,250 instances of intentional gesture use. This indicated a repertoire of 102 gesture types. Most repertoire differences between individuals and sites were explicable as a consequence of environmental affordances and sampling effects: overall gesture frequency was a good predictor of universality of occurrence. Only one gesture was idiosyncratic to a single individual, and was given only to humans. Indica...
Source: Animal Cognition - February 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Genty E, Breuer T, Hobaiter C, Byrne RW Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
Extreme susceptibility of African naked mole rats (Heterocephalus glaber) to experimental infection with herpes simplex virus type 1.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) is widely used as a gene delivery vector in a variety of laboratory animals. In a recent study, a thymidine-kinase-inactive (replication-conditional) HSV1 used as a delivery vector was lethal in naked mole rats, whereas mice infected with the identical virus showed no adverse effects. This result prompted us to undertake a controlled comparative histologic study of the effect of HSV1 infection on naked mole rats and mice. Replication-competent and replication-conditional HSV1 caused widespread inflammation and necrosis in multiple organ systems of naked mole rats but not mice; naked m...
Source: Comparative Medicine - February 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Artwohl J, Ball-Kell S, Valyi-Nagy T, Wilson SP, Lu Y, Park TJ Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
Refinement of canine pancreatitis model: inducing pancreatitis by using endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The causes and treatments of pancreatitis have been studied in diverse species, but the canine pancreatitis model has been used most often due to its similarities to the condition in humans. Although pancreatitis in dogs can be induced readily by numerous methods, managing these dogs can be difficult because they often develop severe abdominal pain, vomiting, inappetance, and lethargy. In an effort to study pancreatitis, we performed a pilot study to determine whether an endoscopic pancreatic procedure would be possible in a dog and whether, through various manipulations, a new method of inducing pancreatitis could be ...
Source: Comparative Medicine - February 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Ruben DS, Scorpio DG, Buscaglia JM Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
Three-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography of intracranial vessels in a canine model of ischemic stroke with permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the potential efficacy of 3-dimensional time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography (TOF-MRA) to validate a canine ischemic stroke model. Ischemic stroke was induced through permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in 5 healthy Beagle dogs. T2-turbo spin echo images and TOF-MRA were obtained with a 1.5-T magnetic resonance system before and 3 and 10 d after MCAO. In 3 dogs, angiograms of the brain obtained at 3 d after MCAO showed complete occlusion of the MCA; in addition, T2 hyperintensities were present unilaterally in the striatocapsular and cerebral cortex lesio...
Source: Comparative Medicine - February 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Kang BT, Jang DP, Gu SH, Kim YB, Lim CY, Lee JH, Woo EJ, Cho ZH, Park HM Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
Evaluation of buprenorphine in a postoperative pain model in rats.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
We evaluated the commonly prescribed analgesic buprenorphine in a postoperative pain model in rats, assessing acute postoperative pain relief, rebound hyperalgesia, and the long-term effects of postoperative opioid treatment on subsequent opioid exposure. Rats received surgery (paw incision under isoflurane anesthesia), sham surgery (anesthesia only), or neither and were treated postoperatively with 1 of several doses of subcutaneous buprenorphine. Pain sensitivity to noxious and nonnoxious mechanical stimuli at the site of injury (primary pain) was assessed at 1, 4, 24, and 72 h after surgery. Pain sensitivity at a si...
Source: Comparative Medicine - February 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Curtin LI, Grakowsky JA, Suarez M, Thompson AC, DiPirro JM, Martin LB, Kristal MB Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
Effects of 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide on peripubertal and adult Sprague-Dawley rats: ovarian, clinical, and pathologic outcomes.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, VCD effectively destroys small preantral follicles in adult Sprague-Dawley rats, making them a suitable model of the menopausal transition of women. However, because adult rats were more sensitive to the irritant properties of VCD, the use of a lower dose should be considered.
PMID: 19295054 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Comparative Medicine - February 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Muhammad FS, Goode AK, Kock ND, Arifin EA, Cline JM, Adams MR, Hoyer PB, Christian PJ, Isom S, Kaplan JR, Appt SE Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
Use of low-molecular-weight heparin to decrease mortality in mice after intracardiac injection of tumor cells.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Intracardiac injection of human tumor cells into anesthetized nude mice is an established model of bone metastasis. However, intracardiac injection of some human tumor cell lines cause acute neurologic signs and high mortality, making some potentially relevant tumor cell lines unusable for investigation. We showed that intracardiac injection of tumor cells can induce a hypercoagulable state leading to platelet consumption and thromboemboli formation and that pretreatment with intravenous injection of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH; enoxaparin) blocks this state. In addition, intravenous injection of enoxaparin befo...
Source: Comparative Medicine - February 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Stocking KL, Jones JC, Everds NE, Buetow BS, Roudier MP, Miller RE Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
Kinetics of transmission, infectivity, and genome stability of two novel mouse norovirus isolates in breeding mice.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we used 2 novel mouse norovirus (MNV) wildtype isolates to examine the kinetics of transmission and tissue distribution in breeding units of NOD.CB17-Prkdc(scid)/J and backcrossed NOD.CB17-Prkdc(scid)/J x NOD/ShiLtJ (N1) mice. Viral shedding in feces and dissemination to tissues of infected offspring mice were monitored by RT-PCR over a 6-wk period postpartum. Histologic sections of tissues from mice exposed to MNV were examined for lesions and their sera monitored for the presence of antibodies to MNV. Viruses shed in feces of parental and offspring mice were compared for sequence homology of the Orf2 gene....
Source: Comparative Medicine - February 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Kelmenson JA, Pomerleau DP, Griffey S, Zhang W, Karolak MJ, Fahey JR Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
Alopecia: possible causes and treatments, particularly in captive nonhuman primates.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Alopecia (hair loss) occurs in some nonhuman primates housed in captivity and is of concern to colony managers and veterinarians. Here we review the characteristics, potential causes, and treatments for this condition. Although we focus on nonhuman primates, relevant research on other mammalian species is discussed also, due to the relative paucity of studies on alopecia in the primate literature. We first discuss the cycle of hair growth and explain how this cycle can be disrupted to produce alopecia. Numerous factors may be related to hair loss and range from naturally occurring processes (for example, seasonality, a...
Source: Comparative Medicine - February 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Novak MA, Meyer JS Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
Effects of Helicobacter infection on research: the case for eradication of Helicobacter from rodent research colonies.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Infection of mouse colonies with Helicobacter spp. has become an increasing concern for the research community. Although Helicobacter infection may cause clinical disease, investigators may be unaware that their laboratory mice are infected because the pathology of Helicobacter species is host-dependent and may not be recognized clinically. The effects of Helicobacter infections are not limited to the gastrointestinal system and can affect reproduction, the development of cancers in gastrointestinal organs and remote organs such as the breast, responses to vaccines, and other areas of research. The data we present in t...
Source: Comparative Medicine - February 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Chichlowski M, Hale LP Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
Molecular phylogeny of Wolbachia strains in arthropod hosts based on groE-homologous gene sequences.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
This study includes the first survey for Wolbachia in isopods from a Southeast Asian country, i.e., Thailand. Two isopod species from different parts of Thailand were found to be infected by Wolbachia. Their groE sequences were also included in the phylogenetic analysis. Our results showed clearly that 19 strains from tropical insects, 11 strains from French isopods, and two strains from Thai isopods were in the B supergroup, and 15 strains from tropical insects were in the A supergroup. This is the first report of phylogenetic analysis of a large data set comprising Wolbachia groE sequences from both insects and isopod cr...
Source: Zoological Science - February 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Wiwatanaratanabutr I, Kittayapong P, Caubet Y, Bouchon D Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals
Effect of hyperosmotic stress on the gene expression and activity of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the preoptic-hypothalamic neurosecretory system of the euryhaline fish Oreochromis mossambicus.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined the effects of hyperosmotic stress on the gene expression and activity of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in the preoptic/hypothalamic neurosecretory system of the euryhaline tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus (Mozambique tilapia) by means of semiquantitative RT-PCR and NADPHd histochemistry. Expression of nos1 was rapidly and transiently up-regulated in the preoptic region and hypothalamus in response to a salinity change (70% seawater, SW). Expression levels increased 4 h after the salinity change and then returned to basal levels within 8 h of the hyperosmotic challenge. NADPHd histochemistry revealed tha...
Source: Zoological Science - February 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Cioni C, Bordieri L, Miele R, Bonaccorsi di Patti MC Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals
Quantitative study of apoptotic cells in the goldfish retina.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
In the vertebrate retina, it has been shown that a large number of neurons produced at the onset of neurogenesis die early in development. Since this apoptotic cell death occurs in a short, limited time, little is known in detail on its histocytology. Using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) method, we investigated the apoptotic cells in the adult goldfish retina in which the progenitor cell keeps proliferating. Most of the TUNEL-positive nuclei were found in the marginal retina, about 40-200 microm from the circular blood vessel (CBV) running parallel to the retinal rim. ...
Source: Zoological Science - February 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Mizuno TA, Ohtsuka T Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals
Fine structure of the dorsal surface of ostrich's (Struthio camelus) tongue.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The tongue of birds fills the oral cavity and has a beak-like shape. Morphological studies of birds reveal a correlation between the structure of the tongue and the mechanism of food intake and the type of food. However, several studies have shown morphological differences among the tongues of bird species. The aim of this study was to analyze ostrich tongue morphology and ultrastructural features using scanning electron microscopy. Tongues from 12 adult ostriches were examined. Six tongues were sectioned sagittally into lateral and middle portions, fixed in 10% formaldehyde solution, and examined under light microscop...
Source: Zoological Science - February 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Guimarães JP, Mari Rde B, Carvalho HS, Watanabe IS Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals
Genetic detection of sex-biased and age-biased dispersal in a population of wild carnivore, the red fox, Vulpes vulpes.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Field studies conducted on rural red fox (Vulpes vulpes) populations suggest that the majority of males tend to disperse while the majority of females tend to be philopatric, that males disperse farther than females, and that most of the foxes disperse during their first year of life. However, the quantification of dispersal parameters is poorly documented in the red fox, because this carnivore is notoriously difficult to follow from birth to maturity. The aim of this study was to test hypotheses from field data with the help of a molecular analysis using six random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers. The study w...
Source: Zoological Science - February 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Gachot-Neveu H, Lefevre P, Roeder JJ, Henry C, Poulle ML Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals
Genotoxic assessment of small mammals at an illegal dumpsite at the Aomori-Iwate prefectural boundary.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
In 2003, we examined the chromosomes of grass voles at an illegal dumpsite at the Aomori-lwate prefectural boundary. In subsequent years, from 2003-2006, we surveyed the chromosomes of four species of small mammals, namely, the Japanese grass vole (Microtus montebelli), the large Japanese field mouse (Apodemus speciosus), the small Japanese field mouse (A. argenteus), and the greater Japanese shrew mole (Urotrichus talpoides). Each annual survey revealed, both on a yearly basis and during the entire period in question, that the frequencies of breaks and gaps in chromosomes of M. montebelli were significantly higher at ...
Source: Zoological Science - February 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Obara Y, Kyoya T, Yamamoto D, Ito S, Hagiwara S, Tamura K Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals
