Zoology
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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 24.
Gap junctions in the ovary of Drosophila melanogaster: localization of innexins 1, 2, 3 and 4 and evidence for intercellular communication via innexin-2 containing channels
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Conclusions:
Our results suggest that all analyzed innexins are involved in the formation of gap junctions in the ovary. While innexins 2 and 3 are colocalized between soma cells, innexins 2 and 4 are colocalized between soma and germ-line cells. Innexin 2 is participating in cell-cell communication via hemichannels residing in the oolemma. It is obvious that gap-junctional communication between germ-line and soma cells is essential for several processes during oogenesis.
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - November 27, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Johannes Bohrmann and Jennifer Zimmermann Source Type: journals
Cell cycle and apoptosis in normal and cloned bovine near-term placentae.Email this article to a colleague.
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This study compared tissue growth and apoptosis by flow cytometry in the cell population found at distinct placental regions (central region of placentomes, </=1-cm microplacentomes and the interplacentomal region) between normal and cloned near-term bovine pregnancies. After a morphological comparison between regions and groups (controls vs. clones), a lesser proportion of diploid to tetraploid cells was observed in the central region of placentomes and in microplacentomes from cloned-derived pregnancies. In addition, cloned animals had a fewer apoptotic cells in the central region of the placentome and in interplacent...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - November 27, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Rici RE, Facciotti PR, Ambrósio CE, Maria DA, Jr JR, Bertolini M, Miglino MA Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Telomere length change in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)Email this article to a colleague.
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T. Horn, N. J. Gemmell, B. C. Robertson, C. R. Bridges - Volume 56(3)
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - November 26, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Spatial ecology of the giant burrowing frog (Heleioporus australiacus): implications for conservation prescriptionsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Trent D. Penman, Frank L. Lemckert, Michael J. Mahony - Volume 56(3)
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - November 26, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Solo and duet calling in the pheasant coucal: sex and individual call differences in a nesting cuckoo with reversed size dimorphismEmail this article to a colleague.
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Golo Maurer, Claire Smith, Marc Süsser, Robert D. Magrath - Volume 56(3)
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - November 26, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Phylogenetic relationships of the heath dragons (Rankinia adelaidensis and R. parviceps) from the south-western Australian biodiversity hotspotEmail this article to a colleague.
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Jane Melville, Luke P. Shoo, Paul Doughty - Volume 56(3)
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - November 26, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Planigales (Marsupialia : Dasyuridae) of eastern Australia's interior: a comparison of morphology, distributions and habitat preferences, with particular emphasis on South AustraliaEmail this article to a colleague.
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Mark J. Blacket, Catherine Kemper, Robert Brandle - Volume 56(3)
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - November 26, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Factors influencing population dynamics in island and mainland populations of the swamp antechinus (Antechinus minimus)Email this article to a colleague.
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Michael G. Sale, Barbara A. Wilson, John P. Y. Arnould - Volume 56(3)
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - November 26, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Body sizes, activity times, food habits and reproduction of brown tree snakes (Boiga irregularis) (Serpentes : Colubridae) from tropical north Queensland, AustraliaEmail this article to a colleague.
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D. F. Trembath, S. Fearn - Volume 56(3)
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - November 26, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Diet and digestive performance of an urban population of the omnivorous freshwater turtle (Emydura krefftii) from Ross River, QueenslandEmail this article to a colleague.
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Madeleine Wilson, Ivan R. Lawler - Volume 56(3)
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - November 26, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Humoral immune response suppresses reproductive physiology in male Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii).Email this article to a colleague.
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In order to evaluate the potential costs of humoral immune response, which is important for survival in small wild mammals, we studied the physiological function of adult male Brandt's voles (Lasiopodomys brandtii) challenged with human immunoglobulin G (IgG). Compared with controls, the immunochallenged voles showed significantly higher antibody levels 15 days after injection. Serum testosterone levels, and mass of testes and epididymides were lower in immunochallenged voles than in control animals. Body mass remained stable during the course of the experiment. Total and digestible energy intake showed a transient dec...
Source: Zoology - November 26, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Cai XQ, Yang M, Zhong WQ, Wang DH Tags: Zoology (Jena) Source Type: journals
Flexible cue use in food-caching birds.Email this article to a colleague.
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An animal's memory may be limited in capacity, which may result in competition among available memory cues. If such competition exists, natural selection may favor prioritization of different memory cues based on cue reliability and on associated differences in the environment and life history. Food-caching birds store numerous food items and appear to rely on memory to retrieve caches. Previous studies suggested that caching species should always prioritize spatial cues over non-spatial cues when both are available, because non-spatial cues may be unreliable in a changing environment; however, it remains unclear wheth...
Source: Animal Cognition - November 26, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Ladage LD, Roth TC, Fox RA, Pravosudov VV Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
Phenotypic plasticity and variation in morphological and life-history traits of antlion adults across a climatic gradient.Email this article to a colleague.
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We report here on two complementary experiments examining the effect of climate on morphological and life-history traits of antlion adults. We first examined whether body size and wing loading of emerging adults are plastic by raising larvae, collected from five antlion populations along Israel's sharp climatic gradient, in two environmental chambers simulating temperature and humidity of desert and Mediterranean climates. The variance in adult morphology was mostly related to body size, with adults of Mediterranean populations being larger than those of desert populations. Wing-to-thorax ratio was negatively correlated wi...
Source: Zoology - November 25, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Scharf I, Filin I, Ben-Yehoshua D, Ovadia O Tags: Zoology (Jena) Source Type: journals
The Effects of Elevated Osmotic Concentration on Control of Germination in the Gemmules of Freshwater Sponges Eunapius fragilis and Anheteromeyania ryderiEmail this article to a colleague.
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We examined the mechanism of germination in two species of freshwater sponges, Eunapius fragilis and Anheteromeyania ryderi. Germination, cell division, and oxygen consumption are all inhibited when the osmotic concentration of the gemmules of either species is maintained at or above 50 mOsm by placing them in a solution of impermeable osmolytes. The internal osmotic concentration of cells of quiescent gemmules is maintained above 100 mOsm by the presence of sorbitol (in E. fragilis) and myoinositol (in A. ryderi). During the early stages of germination, levels of sorbitol and myoinositol decline to less than 50 mM by 20 h...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - November 24, 2008 Category: Zoology Tags: article Articles Source Type: journals
Different hatching strategies in embryos of two species, pacific herring Clupea pallasii and Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus, that belong to the same order Clupeiformes, and their environmental adaptation.Email this article to a colleague.
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Pacific herring Clupea pallasii and Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus, which belong to the same order Clupeiformes, spawn different types of eggs: demersal adherent eggs and pelagic eggs, respectively. We cloned three cDNAs for Pacific herring hatching enzyme and five for Japanese anchovy. Each of them was divided into two groups (group A and B) by phylogenetic analysis. They were expressed specifically in hatching gland cells (HGCs), which differentiated from the pillow and migrated to the edge of the head in both species. HGCs of Japanese anchovy stopped migration at that place, whereas those of Pacific herring co...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - November 24, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Kawaguchi M, Fujita H, Yoshizaki N, Hiroi J, Okouchi H, Nagakura Y, Noda T, Watanabe S, Katayama S, Iwamuro S, Nishida M, Iuchi I, Yasumasu S Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Vertebral development of modern salamanders provides insights into a unique event of their evolutionary history.Email this article to a colleague.
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The origin of salamanders and their interrelationships to the two other modern amphibian orders (frogs and caecilians) are problematic owing to an 80-100 million year gap in the fossil record between the Carboniferous to the Lower Jurassic. This is compounded by a scarcity of adult skeletal characters linking the early representatives of the modern orders to their stem-group in the Paleozoic. The use of ontogenetic characters can be of great use in the resolution of these questions. Growth series of all ten modern salamander families (a 120 cleared and stained larvae) were examined for pattern and timing of vertebral e...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - November 24, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Boisvert CA Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Evaluation of culture systems for attachment and proliferation of epithelial cells cultured from ovine semen.Email this article to a colleague.
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Different culture systems were evaluated for their ability to support attachment and proliferation of the somatic cells obtained from ovine semen. Ejaculates (n=14) were collected from eight rams representing three breeds, Dorper, Suffolk and Hampshire. All samples were processed immediately and somatic cells were obtained from 11 of the 14 ejaculates. These cells had classic epithelial morphology and expressed cytokeratin, indicating they were of epithelial origin. Cells from four rams with the greatest growth rates were used for subsequent studies. Cells were cultured in four different media for 5 days and total numb...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - November 24, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Liu J, Westhusin M, Johnson G, Raudsepp T, Chowdhary B, Burghardt R, Long C, Kraemer D Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Behavioral responses of white-tailed deer subjected to lethal managementEmail this article to a colleague.
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Scott C. Williams, Anthony J. DeNicola, and Isaac M. Ortega - Currently, the most effective and cost-efficient mechanism for controlling overabundant white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann, 1780)) is lethal removal, most commonly controlled hunting and sharpshooting....
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - November 23, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Diet of two insectivorous bats, Myotis lucifugus and Myotis keenii, in relation to arthropod abundance in a temperate Pacific Northwest rainforest environmentEmail this article to a colleague.
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D. W. Burles, R. M. Brigham, R. A. Ring, and T. E. Reimchen - We assessed the diet of two morphologically similar bats (Myotis lucifugus (LeConte, 1831) and Myotis keenii (Merriam, 1895)), which both used hydrothermally heated nursery roosts...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - November 23, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
The characterization of Tasmanian devil Sarcophilius harrisii pelage fibres and their associated lipidsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Church, J. S., Evans, D. J., Woodhead, A. L., 2008. The characterization of Tasmanian devil Sarcophilius harrisii pelage fibres and their associated lipids. [mdash]Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 00: 000[ndash]000 The Tasmanian devil (Sarcophilius harrisii) is the largest living marsupial carnivore left on Earth. In this paper we report the results of the first thorough characterization of the keratin fibres comprising the Tasmanian devil pelage. The fibre's morphology, structure, composition and surface have been investigated. The results have been compared with those of a number of other mammalian species including carnivores...
Source: Acta Zoologica - November 23, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: J. S. Church, D. J. Evans, A. L. Woodhead Source Type: journals
Breeding habitat preference and nest success of Red-necked Phalaropes on Niglintgak Island, Northwest TerritoriesEmail this article to a colleague.
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Bree Walpole, Erica Nol, and Vicky Johnston - Red-necked Phalaropes (Phalaropus lobatus (L., 1758)) breed throughout arctic and subarctic wetlands. These wetlands provide Red-necked Phalaropes dense graminoid habitat that shelters and conceals nests,...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - November 21, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Building an evolutionary innovation: Differential growth in the modified vertebral elements of the zebrafish Weberian apparatus.Email this article to a colleague.
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The Weberian apparatus, a complex assemblage of greatly modified vertebral elements, significantly enhances hearing within Otophysi. Ultimately we are interested in investigating the genetic mechanisms responsible for the origin, development and morphological diversification of these vertebral elements in the Weberian apparatus of otophysan fishes. However, a necessary first step involves identifying changes in growth of this region as compared with the vertebrae from which these modified elements purportedly derive. Using an ontogenetic series of the zebrafish, Danio rerio, we collected growth data for specific elemen...
Source: Zoology - November 20, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Bird NC, Hernandez LP Tags: Zoology (Jena) Source Type: journals
Malformations of the epididymis, incomplete regression of the mesonephric tubules and hyperplasia of Leydig cells in canine persistence of Müllerian duct syndrome.Email this article to a colleague.
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We report a case of a male PMDS dog with a uterus and bilateral cryptorchidism. The dog had an incomplete regression of the mesonephric tubules. As a consequence of this an abnormally enlarged head of the epididymis was observed. In addition, an extreme reduction in size of both the body and the tail was found. Microscopic examination of both testicles revealed bilateral hyperplasia of Leydig cells. The progesterone blood level was measured by ELISA and was found to be abnormally high (3.18ng/ml) compared to that of normal male dogs (lower than 1ng/ml). Three months after surgical removal of the internal genitalia, the ser...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - November 20, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Whyte A, Monteagudo LV, Díaz-Otero A, Lebrero ME, Tejedor MT, Falceto MV, Whyte J, Gallego M Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Sperm velocity and its relation to social status in Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus).Email this article to a colleague.
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We examined ejaculates of dominant and subordinate male Arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus), a species with sperm competition. Yet, rather than examining just average sperm velocity values, the aim was to examine whether the fastest fraction of sperm cell from dominant and subordinate males differed in velocity. While there was no difference in the average sperm velocity between dominant and subordinate males, analysis of the fastest swimming sperm cells show that subordinate males have significantly higher initial sperm velocity than dominant males within the 10, 5 and 1% fastest sperm cells. That is, the difference in sper...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - November 20, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Haugland T, Rudolfsen G, Figenschou L, Folstad I Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Double freezing of bovine semen.Email this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, acceptable CR can be achieved by DF technique. These can be improved by selecting suitable bulls. The DF technique can be utilized in storage, sperm sexing and genome resource banking.
PMID: 19108961 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - November 20, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Saragusty J, Gacitua H, Zeron Y, Rozenboim I, Arav A Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
The spatial scale of habitat selection by red deerEmail this article to a colleague.
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James A. Schaefer, Nicolas Morellet, Dominique Pépin, and Hélène Verheyden - Accounting for spatial scale is essential for understanding habitat selection, but few studies have used spatial statistics to reveal the characteristic scale at which organisms...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - November 19, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Accelerometry to Estimate Energy Expenditure during Activity: Best Practice with Data LoggersEmail this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, data storage can be maximized when using acceleration as a proxy for $\dot{\mathrm{V}}\textsc{$o$}_{2}$ by consideration of reductions in (1) number of axes measured and (2) sampling frequency.
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - November 19, 2008 Category: Zoology Tags: article Technical Comment Source Type: journals
The lateral somitic frontier in ontogeny and phylogeny.Email this article to a colleague.
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The vertebrate musculoskeletal system comprises the axial and appendicular systems. The postcranial axial system consists of the vertebrae, ribs and associated muscles, and the appendicular system comprises the muscles and skeleton of the paired appendages and their respective girdles. The morphology, proportions, and arrangements of these parts have undergone tremendous variation during vertebrate history. Despite this vertebrate diversity, the cells that form all of the key parts of the musculoskeletal system during development arise from two populations of embryonic mesoderm, the somites and somatic lateral plate. N...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - November 19, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Shearman RM, Burke AC Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
End-tidal CO(2) in some aquatic mammals of large size.Email this article to a colleague.
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While resting on land or at the water surface, the breathing frequency (f) of aquatic mammals of medium and large size is lower than in terrestrial mammals of similar body weight (W), the difference widening with the increase in W. The allometric function for aquatic mammals is f proportional, variantW(-0.42) (f, breaths/min, W, kg) and that of terrestrial species is f proportional, variantW(-0.25). We asked whether or not resting breathing at such low f would entail high values of alveolar CO(2). End-tidal alveolar CO(2) pressure, taken as representative of alveolar CO(2) pressure, PaCO(2), was measured from the expir...
Source: Zoology - November 19, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Mortola JP, Seguin J Tags: Zoology (Jena) Source Type: journals
Determination of semen characteristics and sperm cell ultrastructure of captive coatis (Nasua nasua) collected by electroejaculation.Email this article to a colleague.
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The objective of this study was to describe the various characteristics of coati semen by morphometric and ultrastructural analysis. Five mature males were anesthetized and electroejaculated for the collection of semen. Semen was immediately evaluated for color, volume, pH, sperm motility, vigor, morphology, acrosomal integrity, percentage of live cells and hypo-osmotic response by light microscopy. Sperm cell morphometry and ultrastructural analyses were also performed. Observations of seminal characteristics determined by electroejaculation in captive coatis represent a valuable baseline dataset for establishing fertilit...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - November 18, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Lima GL, Barros FF, Costa LL, Castelo TS, Fontenele-Neto JD, Silva AR Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Analysis of prey capture and food transport kinematics in two Asian box turtles, Cuora amboinensis and Cuora flavomarginata (Chelonia, Geoemydidae), with emphasis on terrestrial feeding patterns.Email this article to a colleague.
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This study examines the kinematics and morphology of the feeding apparatus of two geoemydid chelonians, the Malayan (Amboina) box turtle (Cuora amboinensis) and the yellow-margined box turtle (Cuora flavomarginata). Both species are able to feed on land as well as in water. Feeding patterns were analysed by high-speed cinematography. The main focus of the present study is on the terrestrial feeding strategies in both Asian box turtles, because feeding on land has probably evolved de novo within the ancestrally aquatic genus Cuora. During terrestrial feeding (analysed for both species), the initial food prehension is always...
Source: Zoology - November 14, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Natchev N, Heiss E, Lemell P, Stratev D, Weisgram J Tags: Zoology (Jena) Source Type: journals
Parallel evolution of placentation in Australian scincid lizards.Email this article to a colleague.
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Viviparity and placental nutrient provision have evolved on numerous occasions in squamate reptiles. Five lineages are substantially placentotrophic and two of these, the genera Pseudemoia and Niveoscincus, are closely related scincid lizards that have independently evolved viviparity and placentation. Histological comparison of placental ontogeny of placentotrophic species of these genera with development of the extraembryonic membranes of oviparous outgroups indicates a high level of homoplasy. The terminal placental stage of each lineage consists of an omphaloplacenta (yolk sac placenta) and a chorioallantoic placen...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - November 14, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Stewart JR, Thompson MB Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Prosencephalic neural folds give rise to neural crest cells in the Australian lungfish, Neoceratodus forsteri.Email this article to a colleague.
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Here we present a fate map of the prosencephalic neural fold (PNF) for the Australian lungfish. The experimental procedures were carried out on lungfish embryos at Kemp's stage 24 using three different approaches. First, either medial PNF (MPNF) or lateral PNF (LPNF) were ablated and the embryos cultured until they reached Kemp's stage 42 and 44. Ablation of the LPNF provided phenotypes with arrested development of the eye, reduction of periocular pigmentation, frontonasal deformity, and a slightly reduced olfactory organ, whereas the MPNF-ablated phenotypes resulted in arrested development of the cornea and frontonasa...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - November 12, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Kundrát M, Joss JM, Olsson L Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Early effects of equine FSH (eFSH) treatment on hormonal and reproductive parameters in mares intended to carry their own pregnancy.Email this article to a colleague.
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Superovulatory treatment may potentially increase the embryo recovery rate and the per-cycle pregnancy rate in normal or subfertile mares that are managed properly. However, some studies suggest a possible negative effect of superovulatory treatment on ovarian follicular maturation and embryo viability. Objectives of the present study were to investigate the early effects of eFSH treatment in reproductively normal mares in terms of: folliculogenesis, pregnancy rate, early embryonic development, reproductive tract parameters (tone and edema), and serum estradiol-17beta and progesterone concentrations. Reproductively sou...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - November 11, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Raz T, Gray A, Hunter B, Card C Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Studies on morphological features of foetal and adult ovaries in Kano brown goats.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this work we studied the structures of 51 foetal and 14 adult ovaries obtained from slaughtered Kano brown does in Nsukka abattoir. The ages of the adult does were determined by dentition and foetuses by crown rump length method. The foetal and adult ovaries were divided into five different groups using specific age intervals as Gestation day (GD) 50-65, 66-95, 96-125 and 126-145 and adults. For histological studies the ovaries were fixed, processed and routinely stained with H&E. The ovarian follicles were classified into 5 types according to granulosa cell layers surrounding the oocytes. The number of ovarian ...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - November 11, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Chima NI, Ifeoma OP Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Effect of low density lipoprotein on the quality of cryopreserved dog semen.Email this article to a colleague.
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This study evaluates how semen quality is affected by using LDL as a replacement for egg yolk in extenders for cooled and frozen dog semen. In Experiment 1, semen was extended in TRIS-glucose at 5 degrees C, in four treatments: 20% egg yolk (T1); 6% (T2); 8% (T3); and 10% LDL (T4). Sperm motility and membrane integrity after 24, 48, 72 and 96h and the 50% conservation rate of motile spermatozoa (50M) were evaluated. The 50M was less for T1 than for the other treatments (P<0.01), but T2-T4 did not differ (P>0.05). In Experiment 2, glycerol at 10% was included in the freezing extender, in treatments similar to those fr...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - November 11, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Varela Junior AS, Corcini CD, Ulguim RR, Alvarenga MV, Bianchi I, Corrêa MN, Lucia T, Deschamps JC Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
The human neonatal small intestine has the potential for arginine synthesis; developmental changes in the expression of arginine-synthesizing and -catabolizing enzymes.Email this article to a colleague.
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Conclusions:
The human small intestine acquires the potential to produce arginine well before fetuses become viable outside the uterus. The perinatal human intestine therefore resembles that of rodents and pigs. Enteral ASS behaves as a typical suckling enzyme because its expression all but disappears in the putative weaning period of human infants.
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - November 10, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Eleonore S Kohler, Selvakumari Sankaranarayanan, Christa J van Ginneken, Paul van Dijk, Jacqueline L M Vermeulen, Jan M Ruijter, Wouter H Lamers and Elisabeth Bruder Source Type: journals
Predator diet and prey adaptive responses: Can tadpoles distinguish between predators feeding on congeneric vs. conspecific prey?Email this article to a colleague.
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Bastien Ferland-Raymond and Dennis L. Murray - Predator diet can play an important role in facilitating detection of predation risk among prospective prey, and such detection should have adaptive significance in reducing...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - November 8, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Tracing salmon nutrients in riparian food webs: isotopic evidence in a ground-foraging passerineEmail this article to a colleague.
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Katie S. Christie, Morgan D. Hocking, and Thomas E. Reimchen - The predictable annual spawning of anadromous salmon (genus Oncorhynchus Suckley, 1861) provides an important marine resource subsidy to terrestrial species throughout the North Pacific. Using...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - November 8, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Size-selective predation by river otter (Lontra canadensis) improves refuge properties of shallow coastal marine nursery habitatsEmail this article to a colleague.
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D. Cote, R. S. Gregory, and H. M.J. Stewart - Young fish often avoid deep water to reduce predation risk from larger fish. Less clear are explanations for the avoidance of shallows by large piscivorous...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - November 8, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
An analysis of the horizontal burrow morphology of the oriental mole cricket (Gryllotalpa orientalis) and the distribution pattern of surface vegetationEmail this article to a colleague.
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C. Endo - Food acquisition in animals that construct burrows for foraging is influenced by burrow structure associated with food distribution and searching patterns. The burrowing patterns of...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - November 7, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Habitat selection by black bears in an intensively logged boreal forestEmail this article to a colleague.
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Vincent Brodeur, Jean-Pierre Ouellet, Réhaume Courtois, and Daniel Fortin - Extensive logging of the boreal forest rejuvenates landscapes once dominated by old-growth stands. As black bear (Ursus americanus Pallas, 1780) fitness and behavior are known...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - November 7, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Embryonic motility and hatching success of Ambystoma maculatum are influenced by a symbiotic algaEmail this article to a colleague.
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Glenn J. Tattersall and Nicole Spiegelaar - To augment O2 supply through the jelly mass and egg capsule, embryonic yellow-spotted salamanders (Ambystoma maculatum (Shaw, 1802)) take advantage of a unicellular alga, Oophila...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - November 5, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Mechanisms of uterine contractility in laying hens.Email this article to a colleague.
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The physiological basis of uterine contractility in laying hens is not well understood, but a better understanding is important for understanding the mechanisms governing egg laying. The characteristics of uterine contractility arising spontaneously or by prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PGF(2alpha)) stimulation were therefore examined and the underlying mechanisms investigated. Uterine strips were isolated from laying hens 4h before oviposition and force measured. These strips remained healthy in vitro and produced regular spontaneous contractions. The contractions were phasic and could be recorded for several hours. Exposure...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - November 5, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Kupittayanant S, Kupittayanant P, Suwannachat C Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
The mammalian yolk sac placenta.Email this article to a colleague.
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There are three fetal membranes in mammals, namely the yolk sac, allantois and amnion, but only the first two form a placenta. In Monotremata (monotremes), Marsupialia (marsupials) and Placentalia (eutherians), the yolk sac transfers nutrients originating from uterine glandular secretion or the maternal blood. Ontogenetically, the yolk sac of most eutherians loses contact with the peripheral chorion and forms a free splanchnopleuric yolk sac that transfers substances from the exocoelomic cavity, not directly from the endometrium as in marsupials and rodents. This free yolk sac has been preserved in humans and substance...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - November 4, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Freyer C, Renfree MB Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Reproductive performance of Farafra ewes in the subtropics.Email this article to a colleague.
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The present study was carried out to assess the reproductive performance of Farafra ewes-a breed with potential economic importance in the subtropics. A total of 262 ewes were categorized according to age, parity, and postpartum interval. Ewes were introduced for breeding in fall, winter and late spring seasons. Fertility, prolificacy, lamb birth weight, and ultrasonic fetal parameters were recorded. Results obtained showed that litter size was increased with age and parity. Lamb birth weight was affected by season. None of the parameters studied had a clear-cut effect on fertility. However, an interaction between seas...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - November 1, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Ali A, Hayder M, Derar R Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Corpus luteum function following single and double ovulation during estrous cycle in Sanjabi ewes.Email this article to a colleague.
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This study compared the effect of double and single ovulation on serum progesterone concentrations and luteal characteristics in Sanjabi ewes at different days of the estrous cycle. The estrous cycles of 197 Sanjabi ewes were synchronized by a 12-day treatment with intravaginal sponges (Chronogest((R))). Estrus was detected in 144 ewes 27-39h after sponge removal. Daily blood samples were taken every morning and analyzed for serum progesterone (P4). Ewes were then transported to a local abattoir, where nine ewes were slaughtered on each experimental day (days 1-16 after estrus) for ovary collection. The ovarian follicles w...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - November 1, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Shabankareh HK, Habibizad J, Torki M Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Comparison of long-term CIDR-based protocols to synchronize estrus in beef heifers.Email this article to a colleague.
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Two experiments evaluated long-term controlled internal drug release (CIDR) insert-based protocols to synchronize estrus and compare differences in their potential ability to facilitate fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI) in beef heifers. In Experiment 1 estrous cycling heifers (n=85) were assigned to one of two treatments by age and body weight (BW). Heifers with T1 received a CIDR from days 0 to 14, gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) on day 23, and prostaglandin F(2alpha) (PG) on day 30. Heifers with T2 received a CIDR from days 2 to 16, GnRH on day 23, and PG on day 30. Ovaries were evaluated by ultrasonogr...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - November 1, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Leitman NR, Busch DC, Mallory DA, Wilson DJ, Ellersieck MR, Smith MF, Patterson DJ Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Regulation of the proliferative activity of ovarian surface epithelial cells by follicular fluid.Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study, the effects of follicular and luteal products on proliferation of cultured OSE cells were tested using cells obtained from seasonally anoestrous ewes. Follicular fluid but not luteal extracts induced OSE cell proliferation (2.5-fold relative to untreated controls; P<0.0001). The response of OSE cells was not affected by follicle size or previous charcoal-extraction of follicular fluid (P>0.1). Treatment with IGF-1 (2.2-fold; P<0.01), EGF (1.9-fold; P<0.01) and, to a lesser extent, FSH (P<0.05) also induced OSE cell proliferation. In contrast, oestradiol or progesterone did not induce cell prol...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - November 1, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Doyle LK, Donadeu FX Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Ovarian and endocrine responses in tropical sheep treated with reduced doses of cloprostenol.Email this article to a colleague.
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The present study aimed to assess the efficacy of reduced doses of cloprostenol for synchronizing estrus and ovulation in hair sheep. With the aim to evaluate the luteolytic activity of reduced cloprostenol doses, a first experiment was performed using a relatively large (group H: 126mug; n=8), medium (group M: 68.25mug; n=6) and small (group L: 38.5mug; n=6) cloprostenol dose. Luteolysis was assessed at Days 3 and 6 after injection (Day 0) by progesterone concentrations (P(4)) and transrectal ultrasonography (US). In Experiment 2, sheep were randomly assigned to the same three doses to evaluate a protocol for estrous ...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - November 1, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Contreras-Solis I, Vasquez B, Diaz T, Letelier C, Lopez-Sebastian A, Gonzalez-Bulnes A Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
