Zoology
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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 29.
EvoDevo and niche construction: building bridges.
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Evolutionary developmental biology and niche-construction theory have much in common, despite independent intellectual origins. Both place emphasis on the role of ontogenetic processes in evolution. The same historical events shaped them, and similar philosophical and sociological barriers hindered their respective advances. Both perspectives maintain that neo-Darwinism needs a theory of macroevolutionary variation and that such a theory can now be adduced from developmental biology. Some proponents of both EvoDevo and niche construction propose additional evolutionary mechanisms, and specify a key role for stable extr...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - August 28, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Laland KN, Odling-Smee J, Gilbert SF Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Chondrocranium and skeletal development of Phrynops hilarii (Pleurodira: Chelidae)Email this article to a colleague.
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Bona, P. and Alcalde, L. 2008. Chondrocranium and skeletal development of Phrynops hilarii (Pleurodira: Chelidae). [mdash]Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 89: 000[ndash]000 The present study represents the first comprehensive contribution to the knowledge of the skeletal development of a pleurodiran turtle, Phrynops hilarii (Pleurodira, Chelidae). The most remarkable features found are: (1) absence of ascending process on pterygoquadrate cartilage; (2) presence of ossification centres for the epiotics; (3) as in other pleurodirans, dorsal ribs IX and X are 'sacralized'; (4) contact between ilium and carapace occurs later in onto...
Source: Acta Zoologica - August 25, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Paula Bona, Leandro Alcalde Source Type: journals
Effects of high food-demand fish removal in groups of juvenile sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)Email this article to a colleague.
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Carole Di-Poi, Marilyn Beauchaud, Colette Bouchut, Gilbert Dutto, Denis Covès, and Joël Attia - In self-feeding conditions, a few individual sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax (L., 1758)) display strong activity in striking the food dispenser, whereas the remaining individuals of...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - August 23, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Modelling the partially unknown distribution of wall lizards (Podarcis) in North Africa: ecological affinities, potential areas of occurrence, and methodological constraintsEmail this article to a colleague.
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A. Kaliontzopoulou, J. C. Brito, M. A. Carretero, S. Larbes, and D. J. Harris - Species distribution modelling (SDM) is a powerful tool to investigate various biological questions with a spatial component, but is also sensitive to presence-data characteristics, particularly...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Population structure and stock identification of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta) from British Columbia determined with microsatellite DNA variationEmail this article to a colleague.
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Terry D. Beacham, Brian Spilsted, Khai D. Le, and Michael Wetklo - Variation at 14 microsatellite loci was surveyed in 205 populations of chum salmon (Oncorhynchus keta (Walbaum in Artedi, 1792)) from British Columbia to determine population...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Cryopreservation of Black Bengal buck semen: Effects of diluents and freezing on sperm motility and morphologyEmail this article to a colleague.
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Semen from Black Bengal bucks was collected to establish a cooling protocol (to [minus]196°C) for buck semen preservation, and to study the effect of freezing on sperm motility and morphology. Semen was diluted with diluents (Triladyl & Tris) and cryoprotectants, filled into straws, sealed, cooled (to 5°C) and equilibrated. After dilution, motility ranged from 75.00% to 76.67% and from 73.33% to 80.00% in Triladyl and Tris diluents, respectively. Motility of sperm after cooling to 5°C in Triladyl and Tris diluents ranged from 65.00% to 66.67% and from 63.33% to 70.00%, respectively. After equilibration in straws, the se...
Source: Animal Science Journal - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Sadia AFROZ, Md. Rashedul ISLAM, M.A.M. Yahia KHANDOKER, Quzi Sharmin AKTER Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: journals
Multiple genotyping in bovine pre-implantation embryos with whole genome amplificationEmail this article to a colleague.
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This study examined genetic diagnosis using whole genome amplification (WGA) in bovine embryos. The first experiment was conducted to compare the WGA efficiency of primer extension preamplification-PCR (PEP-PCR) and multiple displacement amplification (MDA), and to optimize the DNA extraction method. The sensitivity of SRY-specific PCR from MDA products increased when DNA of fibroblasts was extracted by a NaOH treatment instead of the conventional method (heat treatment). The detectability of SRY from PEP-PCR products was lower than that in MDA regardless of the DNA extraction method (proteinase K or NaOH treatment). Sexin...
Source: Animal Science Journal - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Hiroki HIRAYAMA, Akira FUJIKAWA, Soichi KAGEYAMA, Satoru MORIYASU, Ken SAWAI, Sadao ONOE, Akira MINAMIHASHI Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: journals
Effects of long-term exogenous bovine somatotropin on glucose metabolism and the utilization of glucose by the mammary gland in different stages of lactation of crossbred Holstein cattleEmail this article to a colleague.
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The effects of long-term administration of recombinant bovine somatotropin (rbST) on glucose turnover and the utilization of glucose in the mammary gland using a continuous infusion of [3-3H]glucose and [U-14C]glucose in lactating crossbred Holstein Friesian(HF) cattle were investigated. Glucose turnover of rbST-treated animals was significantly higher than those of control animals (P < 0.05) in mid lactation, while plasma glucose concentrations were not affected. The utilization of glucose of non-mammary tissues of rbST-treated animals significantly increased (P < 0.05) as lactation advanced. The glucose taken up by the m...
Source: Animal Science Journal - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Narongsak CHAIYABUTR, Siripen KOMOLVANICH, Sumpun THAMMACHAROEN, Somchai CHANPONGSANG Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: journals
The effect of replacing brewers' grains with barley tea grounds in total mixed ration silage on feed intake, digestibility and ruminal fermentation in wethersEmail this article to a colleague.
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Four wethers were used in a 4 × 4 Latin square to study the feed intake, apparent digestibility, nitrogen balance and ruminal fermentation characteristics when fed total mixed ration (TMR) silages which included wet barley tea grounds (WBTG). The TMR silages were prepared using compound feed including wet brewers' grains (WBG), corn, oat hay, alfalfa hay, dried beet pulp, salt and vitamin-mineral supplement in a ratio of 30.7:15:8:24:10:12:0.15:0.15, respectively, on a dry matter (DM) basis. The WBTG and soybean meal mixture (7:3 on DM basis) were substituted for WBG at ratio of 0% (Control), 5% (LTG), 10% (MTG), and 15% ...
Source: Animal Science Journal - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Chuncheng XU, Yimin CAI, Michiru FUKASAWA, Hiroki MATSUYAMA, Naoko MORIYA Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: journals
Evaluation of nutritive value and palatability by goats and sheep of selected browse foliages from semiarid area of KenyaEmail this article to a colleague.
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The feeding value of five browse foliages (Acacia brevispica, Acacia mellifera, Berchemia discolor, Zizyphus mucronata and Maerua angolensis) grown in semiarid area of Kenya were evaluated. Their chemical composition including polyphenolics and in vitro gas production characteristics were determined. The biological activity of the polyphenolics was assessed as the increases in gas production profiles and in vitro true dry matter (DM) and organic matter (OM) digestibility after in vitro incubation with or without addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a tannin binding reagent. The intake and palatability ranking of the br...
Source: Animal Science Journal - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Isaac M. OSUGA, Carolyne C. WAMBUI, Shaukat A. ABDULRAZAK, Toshiyoshi ICHINOHE, Tsutomu FUJIHARA Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: journals
Energy expenditure for chewing in sheep fed timothy or sudangrass hay at the same intake levelEmail this article to a colleague.
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In order to investigate the energy expended in chewing during eating and rumination in sheep fed timothy or sudangrass hay at the same intake level, the energy expenditure of the head was measured using the arterial-venous difference technique and that of the whole body was measured using an open-circuit, indirect respiration calorimeter. There was no difference in the per-chew energy expenditure between timothy hay and sudangrass hay during eating and rumination, but for both types of hay there was a difference in energy expenditure between eating (0.25 J per chew per kilogram body weight) and rumination (0.18 J per chew ...
Source: Animal Science Journal - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Tomoyuki SUZUKI, Naosumi TAKUSARI, Koji HIGUCHI, Mitsunori KURIHARA, Fuminori TERADA Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: journals
Differential cytokine expression in T cell subsets from bovine peripheral bloodEmail this article to a colleague.
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Although distinct cytokine expression in T cell subsets is well understood in mice and humans, limited information is available on bovine T cell subsets. In the present study, we analyzed the mRNA expression of 10 kinds of cytokines and CD25 expression in CD4+, CD8+, WC1+ and WC1-[gamma][delta] T cell subsets in bovine peripheral blood by Concanavalin A (Con A) stimulation. CD25 expression was significantly increased in CD4+, CD8+ and WC1+[gamma][delta] T cells, but not in WC1-[gamma][delta] T cells by Con A stimulation. In CD4+ T cells, the mRNAs of Interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-[gamma], tumor necrosis...
Source: Animal Science Journal - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Sachi TANAKA, Yasuhiro NAGAI, Yoko NOGUCHI, Masato MIYAKE, Kouichi WATANABE, Shyuichi OHWADA, Hisashi ASO, Takahiro YAMAGUCHI Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: journals
Effects of preventing hyperphagia on glycolipid metabolic abnormalities in Spontaneously Diabetic Torii fatty ratsEmail this article to a colleague.
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In conclusion, suppression of hyperphagia in SDT fatty rats was effective in temporally improving hyperglycemia or hypertriglyceridemia, and reducing the incidence or progression of diabetic complications, but was ineffective in reducing hypercholesterolemia.
Source: Animal Science Journal - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Kenichi MATSUI, Takeshi OHTA, Hisayo MORINAGA, Tomohiko SASASE, Sumiaki FUKUDA, Makoto ITO, Masatoshi UEDA, Naoto OGAWA, Katsuhiro MIYAJIMA, Mutsuyoshi MATSUSHITA Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: journals
A study of in vivo antihypertensive properties of enzymatic hydrolysate from chicken leg bone proteinEmail this article to a colleague.
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In this study, the best ACE inhibitory hydrolysate (A4) (which was derived from chicken leg bone protein by Alcalase after 4 h incubation) was orally administrated (50 mg/kg bw) in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) to investigate its antihypertensive effects. After oral administration of A4, a maximal reduction activity of about 26 mmHg was found at 4 h and maintained to 8 h. Moreover, SHRs treated with A4 (50 mg/kg bw/day) for eight weeks exhibited a reduction in systolic blood pressure, which is as significant as the effects of Captopril (P < 0.05). These results suggested that chicken leg bones have a high potentia...
Source: Animal Science Journal - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Fu-Yuan CHENG, Tien-Chun WAN, Yu-Tse LIU, Kung-Ming LAI, Liang-Chuan LIN, Ryoichi SAKATA Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: journals
Physical conditions in a cattle vehicle during spring and autumn conditions in Japan, and reactions of steers to long distance transportEmail this article to a colleague.
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The objective of this study was to investigate transportation conditions and behavioral and physiological responses of beef steers to long distance commercial transport in Japan. In spring (May) and autumn (September), eight (16 in total) Japanese Black × Holstein steers (7.8 ± 0.6 month of age; 310.3 ± 13.9 kg) were transported by truck. The transport distance was 1013.1 km (25 h including lairage periods) comprising 627.6 km (6.4 h) on expressways, 143.5 km (3.5 h) on arterial roads and 242.0 km (10.5 h) by ferry. The loading space of the truck gave a space allowance of about 1.62 m2/head. Internal temperature (±SD) ...
Source: Animal Science Journal - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Toshie ISHIWATA, Katsuji UETAKE, Yusuke EGUCHI, Toshio TANAKA Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: journals
Evaluation of direct and indirect measures of quarter milk from crossbred buffaloesEmail this article to a colleague.
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Somatic cell count (SCC), bacteriological findings and electrical conductivity (EC) were measured in milk from 216 quarters of 54 Murrah crossbred buffaloes for characterization of buffalo milk. Mean SCC in normal, subclinical and clinical mastitic milk was 171, 799 and 6039 × 103/mL, respectively. Coagulase negative Staphylococci (CNS) were the major organisms associated with subclinical mastitis, whereas CNS and coliforms were the predominant organisms in clinical mastitis. EC values were found to be significantly higher in buffalo milk with mammary infection. The best trade-off between sensitivity and specificity for d...
Source: Animal Science Journal - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Ishwari Prasad DHAKAL, Manish NEUPANE, Hajime NAGAHATA Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: journals
Bacteriocin production of probiotic Lactobacillus gasseri LA39 isolated from human feces in milk-based mediaEmail this article to a colleague.
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The use of bacteriocins from Lactobacillus gasseri, a probiotic lactic acid bacterium, as bio-preservatives in the food industry and animal formulations has been limited because few strains of Lb. gasseri are cultivated and produce a bacteriocin in natural media such as milk and milk-based media. By the determination of the growth-supplements to milk among the 47 nutrients, Lb. gasseri JCM1131T, LA39 and LA158 isolated from human feces were successfully cultured in reconstituted skim milk and cheese whey using proteose peptone as a nutrient supplement, where Lb. gasseri LA39 produced a useful bacteriocin, gassericin A, wit...
Source: Animal Science Journal - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Kensuke ARAKAWA, Yasushi KAWAI, Kenji FUJITANI, Junko NISHIMURA, Haruki KITAZAWA, Ken-ichi KOMINE, Kenzo KAI, Tadao SAITO Tags: RAPID COMMUNICATIONS Source Type: journals
Characterization of two microsatellites in chicken monoamine oxidase AEmail this article to a colleague.
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We surveyed two polymorphic microsatellites in a candidate gene for fear response, monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), in chicken. Two hundred and eighty chickens from five breeds (Nagoya, Mikawa, White Leghorn, White Plymouth Rock, and Rhode Island Red) were investigated. A thymine (T) repeat and an adenine (A) repeat were found on MAOA intron 4 (CMin4T) and intron 9 (CMin9A), respectively. Nine alleles (127-bp to 166-bp) in CMin4T and six alleles (184-bp to 198-bp) in CMin9A were detected. A 128-bp allele in CMin4T was observed in the Nagoya breed only, implying a highly useful marker for discriminating the Nagoya breed from oth...
Source: Animal Science Journal - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Kyung-Won HONG, Miho INOUE-MURAYAMA, Akihiro NAKAMURA, Kenji NAGAO, Shin'ichi ITO Tags: RAPID COMMUNICATIONS Source Type: journals
CorrigendumEmail this article to a colleague.
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Source: Animal Science Journal - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Tags: Corrigendum Source Type: journals
Visually guided capture of a moving stimulus by the pigeon (Columba livia).Email this article to a colleague.
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Although the pigeon is a popular model for studying visual perception, relatively little is known about its perception of motion. Three experiments examined the pigeons' ability to capture a moving stimulus. In Experiment 1, the effect of manipulating stimulus speed and the length of the stimulus was examined using a simple rightward linear motion. This revealed a clear effect of length on capture and speed on errors. Errors were mostly anticipatory and there appeared to be two processes contributing to response locations: anticipatory peck bias and lag time. Using the same birds as Experiment 1, Experiment 2 assessed ...
Source: Animal Cognition - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Wilkinson A, Kirkpatrick K Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
Gambling for Gatorade: risk-sensitive decision making for fluid rewards in humans.Email this article to a colleague.
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Determining how both humans and animals make decisions in risky situations is a central problem in economics, experimental psychology, behavioral economics, and neurobiology. Typically, humans are risk seeking for gains and risk averse for losses, while animals may display a variety of preferences under risk depending on, amongst other factors, internal state. Such differences in behavior may reflect major cognitive and cultural differences or they may reflect differences in the way risk sensitivity is probed in humans and animals. Notably, in most studies humans make one or a few choices amongst hypothetical or real m...
Source: Animal Cognition - August 22, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Hayden BY, Platt ML Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
Social attention in keas, dogs, and human children.Email this article to a colleague.
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This study suggests that attention should be incorporated as an important variable when testing species in social situations.
PMID: 18716802 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Animal Cognition - August 21, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Range F, Horn L, Bugnyar T, Gajdon GK, Huber L Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
Cartilage differentiation in cephalopod molluscs.Email this article to a colleague.
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Amongst the various metazoan lineages that possess cartilage, tissues most closely resembling vertebrate hyaline cartilage in histological section are those of cephalopod molluscs. Although elements of the adult skeleton have been described, the development of these cartilages has not. Using serial histology of sequential developmental stages of the European cuttlefish, Sepia officinalis, we investigate these skeletal elements and offer the first description of the formation of any cellular invertebrate cartilage. Our data reveal that cuttlefish cartilage most often differentiates from uncondensed mesenchymal cells nea...
Source: Zoology - August 21, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Cole AG, Hall BK Tags: Zoology (Jena) Source Type: journals
An assessment of memory awareness in tufted capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella).Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study, five capuchin monkeys searched for food after either watching the experimenter bait one of four opaque tubes (seen trials), or not watching (unseen trials). Monkeys with memory awareness should look into the tubes before making a selection only on unseen trials because on seen trials they already know the location of the food. In Experiment 1, one of the five capuchins looked significantly more often on unseen trials. In Experiment 2, we ensured that the monkeys attended to the baiting by interleaving training and test sessions. Three of the five monkeys looked more often on unseen trials. Because monkeys lo...
Source: Animal Cognition - August 20, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Basile BM, Hampton RR, Suomi SJ, Murray EA Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
Relative quantity judgment by Asian elephants (Elephas maximus).Email this article to a colleague.
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This study investigated whether Asian elephants can make relative quantity judgment (RQJ), a dichotomous judgment of unequal quantities ordered in magnitude. In Experiment 1, elephants were simultaneously shown two baskets with differing quantities of bait (up to 6 items). In Experiment 2, elephants were sequentially presented with baits, which could not be seen by elephants in their total quantities. The task of elephants was to choose the larger quantity in both experiments. Results showed that the elephants chose the larger quantity with significantly greater frequency. Interestingly, the elephants did not exhibit dispa...
Source: Animal Cognition - August 20, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Irie-Sugimoto N, Kobayashi T, Sato T, Hasegawa T Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
The anatomy of the palatoquadrate in the Lower Triassic Proterosuchus fergusi (Reptilia, Archosauromorpha) and its morphological transformation within the archosauriform cladeEmail this article to a colleague.
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Klembara, J. and Welman, J. 2008. The anatomy of the palatoquadrate in the Lower Triassic Proterosuchus fergusi (Reptilia, Archosauromorpha) and its morphological transformation within the archosauriform clade. [mdash] Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 89: 000[ndash]000. The anatomy of the palatoquadrate ossifications of the Lower Triassic archosauromorph Proterosuchus fergusi from South Africa is described. It consists of two ossifications, the epipterygoid and the quadrate, which were joined by cartilage in life. The margins of the cartilage are clearly indicated by ridges and grooves on the dorsal surface of the pterygoid. The...
Source: Acta Zoologica - August 18, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Jozef Klembara, Johann Welman Source Type: journals
Genetic and growth differences in the outcrossings between two clonal strains of the self-fertilizing mangrove killifishEmail this article to a colleague.
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Yukino Nakamura, Koushirou Suga, Yoshitaka Sakakura, Takashi Sakamoto, and Atsushi Hagiwara - The populations of the only known self-fertilizing vertebrate Kryptolebias marmoratus (Poey, 1880) (formerly known as Rivulus marmoratus Poey, 1880; Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheilidae) usually consist of different...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - August 17, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Movement patterns, habitat selection, and corridor use of a typical woodland-dweller species, the European pine marten (Martes martes), in fragmented landscapeEmail this article to a colleague.
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Vincent Pereboom, Marina Mergey, Nicolas Villerette, Rémi Helder, Jean-François Gerard, and Thierry Lodé - Woodland fragmentation through land consolidation practices (the merging of small fields by the removal of separating structures like hedgerows) is recognised as a major threat...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - August 17, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Biogeography of butterflies in the Australian monsoon tropicsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Michael F. Braby - Volume 56(1)
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - August 13, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Estimating the sex ratio of loggerhead turtle hatchlings at Mon Repos rookery (Australia) from nest temperaturesEmail this article to a colleague.
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Cuong The Chu, David T. Booth, Colin J. Limpus - Volume 56(1)
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - August 13, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Temporal dynamics of fish assemblages in small seasonal streams in the Queensland tropicsEmail this article to a colleague.
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Colton Perna, Richard G. Pearson - Volume 56(1)
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - August 13, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Morphology and histology of the larynx of the common toad Rhinella arenarum (Hensel, 1867) (Anura, Bufonidae)Email this article to a colleague.
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Hermida, G.N. and Farias, A. 2008. Morphology and histology of the larynx of the common toad Rhinella arenarum (Hensel, 1867) (Anura, Bufonidae). [mdash] Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 89: 000[ndash]000 The structure of the larynx of the toad Rhinella arenarum was exhaustively studied. The laryngeal skeleton consists of three bilaterally symmetrical cartilages: the cricoid and two arytenoids. Internally, each half-larynx has an anterior and a posterior chamber. The first chamber is delimited by the epithelium covering the arytenoid cartilage and the anterior membrane. The latter consists of fibro-elastic tissue and contains bl...
Source: Acta Zoologica - August 13, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Gladys N. Hermida, Alejandro Farías Source Type: journals
Ultrastructural characteristics of the process of cornification in developing claws of the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula)Email this article to a colleague.
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Alibardi, L. 2008. Cornification in developing claws of the brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula) in comparison with the process of claw cornification in amniotes. [mdash] Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 89: 000[ndash]000 Cornification of developing claws in the brush possum has been analysed by electron microscopy and compared with the process in other tetrapods. Newborns from 3 to 60 days postparturition were studied. After formation of symmetric and round outgrowth in digits the epidermis becomes thicker in the dorsal with respect to the ventral digit tip. The claw elongates forming the unguis and a shorter subunguis. Spi...
Source: Acta Zoologica - August 13, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Lorenzo Alibardi Source Type: journals
Osteoderm morphology in recent and fossil euphractine xenarthransEmail this article to a colleague.
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Krmpotic, C.M., Ciancio, M.R., Barbeito, C., Mario, R.C. and Carlini, A.A. (2008). Osteoderm morphology in recent and fossil euphractine xenarthrans. [mdash]Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) 89: 000[ndash]000. The presence of osteoderms within the integument, forming a carapace, is one of the most distinctive features of armadillos with the external morphology of these elements forming the basis of most systematic schemes. This is especially true for fossil taxa, where these elements are most frequent in the palaeontological record. A detailed study of osteoderms from the cephalic shield and different regions of the dorsal armour...
Source: Acta Zoologica - August 13, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: C. M. Krmpotic, M. R. Ciancio, C. Barbeito, R. C. Mario, A. A. Carlini Source Type: journals
Newly identified patterns of Pax2 expression in the developing mouse forebrainEmail this article to a colleague.
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Conclusions:
Pax2 is expressed in populations of cells within the developing septum, hypothalamus, and eminentia thalami. It seems especially useful as a marker of the telencephalic septum, because of its early, strong and characteristic expression in this structure. Further, its expression is maintained in the enlarged septum of Pax6Sey/Sey mutants.
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - August 13, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Vassiliki Fotaki, David J Price and John O Mason Source Type: journals
Nodal expression and heterochrony in the evolution of dorsal-ventral and left-right axes formation in the direct-developing sea urchin Heliocidaris erythrogramma.Email this article to a colleague.
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To understand the role of body axes in the evolution of larval form, we use the two sea urchins in the genus Heliocidaris, which have distinctly different larval morphologies. Heliocidaris tuberculata is an indirect-developing sea urchin, which forms a pluteus larva, whereas its sister species, Heliocidaris erythrogramma, exhibits direct development and forms a nonfeeding, ovoid larva. Changes along all three larval axes underlie the differences in larval form associated with each developmental mode. Nodal signaling has recently been implicated as important in establishing the dorsal-ventral (D-V) and left-right (L-R) ...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - August 13, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Smith MS, Rudolf Turner F, Raff RA Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Expression of Sox and fibrillar collagen genes in lamprey larval chondrogenesis with implications for the evolution of vertebrate cartilage.Email this article to a colleague.
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We examined whether the cascade is conserved in another type of lamprey cartilage, the trabecular cartilage. We found that SoxD and SoxE are expressed in both trabecular and pharyngeal cartilages. However, trabecular cartilage shows no clade A fibrillar collagen gene expression, including genes expressed in pharyngeal cartilage of this animal. On the basis of these observations, we propose that lampreys possess an ancestral type of cartilage that is similar to amphioxus gill cartilage, and in this respect, gnathostome cartilage can be regarded as derived for the loss of elastin-like protein as a cartilage component and rec...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - August 13, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Ohtani K, Yao T, Kobayashi M, Kusakabe R, Kuratani S, Wada H Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
The discrimination of discrete and continuous amounts in African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus).Email this article to a colleague.
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A wealth of research in infants and animals demonstrates discrimination of quantities, in some cases nonverbal numerical perception, and even elementary calculation capacities. We investigated the ability of three African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus) to select the largest amount of food between two sets, either discrete food items (experiment 1) or as volume of a food substance (experiment 2). The two amounts were presented simultaneously and were visible at the time of choice. Parrots were tested several times for all possible combinations between 1 and 5 seeds or 0.2 and 1 ml of food substance. In both conditio...
Source: Animal Cognition - August 13, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Aïn SA, Giret N, Grand M, Kreutzer M, Bovet D Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
Identification and sequencing of remnant messenger RNAs found in domestic swine (Sus scrofa) fresh ejaculated spermatozoa.Email this article to a colleague.
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The objective of this study was to investigate mRNA remnants from ejaculated spermatozoa of the domestic swine (Sus scrofa), a valuable model for biomedical research. A non-redundant 5'-end complementary DNA library was generated from swine ejaculated spermatozoa. After sequence quality verification, 4515 clones remained. These clones were then clustered and assembled into 514 unique sequences including 188 contigs (36.58%) and 326 singletons (63.42%), representing those clusters containing at least two clones and those clusters without having enough similarity with other clones. These unique gene sequences were annotated ...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - August 12, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Yang CC, Lin YS, Hsu CC, Wu SC, Lin EC, Cheng WT Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
The case of the blood-covered egg: ectoparasite abundance in an arctic goose colonyEmail this article to a colleague.
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V. B. Harriman, R. T. Alisauskas, and G. A. Wobeser - Since 1991, blood-covered eggs have been noted in nests of Ross’s (Chen rossii (Cassin, 1861)) and lesser snow (Chen caerulescens caerulescens (L., 1758)) geese at...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - August 8, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Foraging strategies of wolverines within a predator guildEmail this article to a colleague.
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Jiska van Dijk, Tommy Andersen, Roel May, Reidar Andersen, Roy Andersen, and Arild Landa - Within the predator guild, wolverines (Gulo gulo (L., 1758)) have evolved as generalist predators and scavengers on prey killed by other predators. The recovery of...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - August 8, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Oestrous synchronisation in cattle-Current options following the EU regulations restricting use of oestrogenic compounds in food-producing animals: A review.Email this article to a colleague.
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Oestrous synchronisation is an important strategy to improve reproductive management of cattle. The use of oestradiol-17beta, and its related ester derivatives, in food-producing cattle for the purposes of oestrous synchronisation is prohibited in the European Union since October 2006; a serious limitation in the implementation of large-scale use of cost effective synchronisation regimens in both dairy and beef herds. This has obvious consequences within the EU and also in other countries that have restricted the use of oestradiol following the EU ban. Oestrous synchronisation is an important facilitator for the use of...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - August 8, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Lane EA, Austin EJ, Crowe MA Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Standardization and validation of an induced ovulation model system in buffalo cows: Characterization of gene expression changes in the periovulatory follicle.Email this article to a colleague.
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The objectives of the present study were to standardize an experimental model in buffalo cows for accurately identifying the dominant follicle of the first wave of follicular growth and characterize changes in follicular fluid hormone concentrations as well as expression patterns of various genes associated with the process of ovulation. From the day of estrus (day 0), animals were subjected to blood sampling and ultrasonography for monitoring circulating progesterone levels and follicular growth. On day 7 of the cycle, animals were administered a PGF(2alpha) analogue (Tiaprost Trometamol, 750mug i.m.) followed by an injec...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - August 7, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Jyotsna UR, Medhamurthy R Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Attention to attention in domestic dog (Canis familiaris) dyadic play.Email this article to a colleague.
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The social cognitive capacities of dogs, including their communication skills and use of visual attention cues, have recently been investigated in numerous experimental studies. This paper reports on research of domestic dog behavior in a natural setting, which shows sensitivity to the visual attention of their partners when engaged in dyadic rough-and-tumble play. The sequential behaviors and head-direction of both dogs were noted throughout the bouts. The behaviors were differentially used according to the partner's posture. Play signals were sent nearly exclusively to forward-facing conspecifics; attention-getting b...
Source: Animal Cognition - August 5, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Horowitz A Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
Morphology, development, and evolution of fetal membranes and placentation in squamate reptiles.Email this article to a colleague.
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Current studies on fetal membranes of reptiles are providing insight into three major historical transformations: evolution of the amniote egg, evolution of viviparity, and evolution of placentotrophy. Squamates (lizards and snakes) are ideal for such studies because their fetal membranes sustain embryos in oviparous species and contribute to placentas in viviparous species. Ultrastructure of the fetal membranes in oviparous corn snakes (Pituophis guttatus) shows that the chorioallantois is specialized for gas exchange and the omphalopleure, for water absorption. Transmission and scanning electron microscopic studies o...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - August 5, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Blackburn DG, Flemming AF Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals
Dynamic expression of Dab2 in the mouse embryonic central nervous systemEmail this article to a colleague.
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Conclusions: This is the first study to demonstrate the dynamic spatiotemporal expression of Dab2 protein within the CNS during development.
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - August 4, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Kwok-Kuen Cheung, Samuel C Mok, Payam Rezaie and Wood-Yee Chan Source Type: journals
Long-term effects of nestling condition on blood parasite resistance in blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus)Email this article to a colleague.
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M. Stjernman, L. Råberg, and J.-Å. Nilsson - Little is know about whether the conditions experienced during ontogeny affect resistance to parasites later in life in wild animals. Here, we used a population...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - August 1, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Genetic structure of raccoons in eastern North America based on mtDNA: implications for subspecies designation and rabies disease dynamicsEmail this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we assess genetic partitioning of mitochondrial DNA...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - August 1, 2008 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Quantity judgments of sequentially presented food items by capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella).Email this article to a colleague.
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Recent assessments have shown that capuchin monkeys, like chimpanzees and other Old World primate species, are sensitive to quantitative differences between sets of visible stimuli. In the present study, we examined capuchins' performance in a more sophisticated quantity judgment task that required the ability to form representations of food quantities while viewing the quantities only one piece at a time. In three experiments, we presented monkeys with the choice between two sets of discrete homogeneous food items and allowed the monkeys to consume the set of their choice. In Experiments 1 and 2, monkeys compared an e...
Source: Animal Cognition - August 1, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Evans TA, Beran MJ, Harris EH, Rice DF Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
What-Where-When memory in magpies (Pica pica).Email this article to a colleague.
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In this study, we test whether magpies (Pica pica) also show evidence of remembering these different aspects of a past episode. Magpies hid red- and blue-dyed pellets of scrambled eggs in a large tray containing wood shavings. They were allowed to make as many caches as they wanted. The birds were then returned either the same day or the next day to retrieve the pellets. If they returned the same day, one colour of pellets was replaced with wooden beads of similar size and colour, while if they returned the next day this would happen to the other colour. Over just a few trials, the birds learned to only search for the food...
Source: Animal Cognition - August 1, 2008 Category: Zoology Authors: Zinkivskay A, Nazir F, Smulders TV Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
