Zoology
This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. 
Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.
Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.
Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.
Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.
Get the very latest Swine Flu news via the MedWorm Swine Flu RSS news feed - updated hourly from thousands of authoritative health and news sources.
This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 4.
ART for ART's Sake
Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Source: Ethology - October 11, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
A tamoxifen inducible knock-in allele for investigation of E2A functionEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions:
The E2AER system provides inducible and reversible regulation of E2A function at the protein level. Many previous studies have utilized over-expression systems to induce E2A function, which are complicated by the toxicity often resulting from high levels of E2A. The E2AER model instead restores E2A activity at an endogenous level and in addition, allows for tight regulation of the timing of induction. These features make our E2AER ex vivo culture system attractive to study both immediate and gradual downstream E2A-mediated events.
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - October 11, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Mary JonesMotonari KondoYuan Zhuang Source Type: journals
Complex Dynamics Based on a Quorum: Decision-Making Process by Cockroaches in a Patchy EnvironmentEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
This study on the cockroach species Periplaneta americana highlights a shelter-selection mechanism based on an amplification process resulting from the interactions between congeners. This mechanism leads to complex spatiotemporal aggregation dynamics characterized by transient bimodality, bifurcation patterns (shelter selection) and the existence of a quorum size in the settlement behaviour of the cockroaches. Finally, we discuss the generic aspect for other gregarious species of the collective decision-making process demonstrated for cockroaches.
Source: Ethology - October 11, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Grégory Sempo, Stéphane Canonge, Claire Detrain, Jean-Louis Deneubourg Source Type: journals
Reproductive periodicity and host-specific settlement and growth of a deep-water symbiotic sea anemoneEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Annie Mercier and Jean-François Hamel - Sea anemones Allantactis parasitica Danielssen, 1890 (Actiniaria: Hormathiidae) living as epibionts on various gastropods were found at depths of ~725 - 1100 m off Labrador (eastern Canada). Live...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - October 10, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Eco‐Evolutionary Dynamics of Mutualists and ExploitersEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The American Naturalist, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles.
Abstract: With the growing recognition of exploiters as a prominent and enduring feature of many mutualisms, there is a need to understand the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of mutualisms in the context of exploitation. Here, we model coevolution between mutualist and exploiter birth rates, using an obligate pollinating seed parasite mutualism associated with a nonpollinating exploiter as a reference system. In this system, mutualist and exploiter larvae parasitize the host plant, competing for and consuming seeds. Evolution of the mutualist...
Source: The American Naturalist - October 9, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals
Dominant Species and Diversity: Linking Relative Abundance to Controls of Species EstablishmentEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The American Naturalist, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles.
Abstract: Ecological theories make divergent predictions about whether extant species inhibit or promote the establishment of new species and which aspects of community composition determine these interactions; diversity, individual dominant species, and neutral interactions have all been argued to be most important. We experimentally tested these predictions by removing plant biomass (0%, 7%, 100%) from boreal forest understory communities. The 7% removals were restricted to the numerically dominant species, the second most dominant species, or m...
Source: The American Naturalist - October 9, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals
Erratum: ErratumEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The American Naturalist, Volume 174, Issue 5, Page 753, November 2009.
Source: The American Naturalist - October 8, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals
Monitoring male southern hairy-nosed wombat (Lasiorhinus latifrons) reproductive function and seasonality in a captive population.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
This study reports on the development and application of techniques used to assess the reproductive status of captive male southern hairy-nosed wombats (n=4) at Rockhampton Zoo. Initially, a GnRH agonist was used to establish a method for determining a reliable index of plasma and faecal testosterone secretion. Intra-muscular injection of buserelin (4mug) resulted in an increase (P<0.05) in plasma and faecal testosterone concentration 90min and 3 days after administration, respectively. Seasonal changes in faecal androgen, sperm production (spermatorrhoea) and testicular, prostatic and bulbourethral gland size were exam...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - October 8, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Hogan LA, Phillips CJ, Horsup AB, Keeley T, Nicolson V, Janssen T, Lisle A, Johnston SD Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Extinction memory in the crab Chasmagnathus: recovery protocols and effects of multi-trial extinction training.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
A decline in the frequency or intensity of a conditioned behavior following the withdrawal of the reinforcement is called experimental extinction. However, the experimental manipulation necessary to trigger memory reconsolidation or extinction is to expose the animal to the conditioned stimulus in the absence of reinforcement. Recovery protocols were used to reveal which of these two processes was developed. By using the crab contextual memory model (a visual danger stimulus associated with the training context), we investigated the dynamics of extinction memory in Chasmagnathus. Here, we reveal the presence of three r...
Source: Animal Cognition - October 7, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Hepp Y, Pérez-Cuesta LM, Maldonado H, Pedreira ME Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
An Intertidal Sea Star Adjusts Thermal Inertia to Avoid Extreme Body TemperaturesEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The American Naturalist, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles.
Abstract: The body temperature of ectotherms is influenced by the interaction of abiotic conditions, morphology, and behavior. Although organisms living in different thermal habitats may exhibit morphological plasticity or move from unfavorable locations, there are few examples of animals adjusting their thermal properties in response to short‐term changes in local conditions. Here, we show that the intertidal sea star Pisaster ochraceus modulates its thermal inertia in response to prior thermal exposure. After exposure to high body temperature ...
Source: The American Naturalist - October 6, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Natural History Note Source Type: journals
The Stress Response of the Highly Social African Cichlid Neolamprologus pulcherEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigates the relationship between social status and circulating plasma cortisol in groups of the cooperatively breeding African cichlid Neolamprologus pulcher. Baseline (resting) levels of cortisol were quantified, as was the cortisol response following an acute stressor. Dominants had the higher cortisol concentrations, and these were not related to their social behavior. Cortisol concentrations correlated (positively) with social behaviors and general activity levels only in subordinate males, arguably the individuals with the least stability in the social group. No status‐dependent differential response...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - October 6, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals
Internal fertilization in the salp Thalia democraticaEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
F. Boldrin, G. Martinucci, L. Z. Holland, R. L. Miller, and P. Burighel - Among tunicates, gamete morphology and sperm - egg interactions have been extensively investigated in ascidians, and to a lesser extent in appendicularians and thaliaceans. Sperm - egg interaction has...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - October 3, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Running Behavior and Its Energy Cost in Mice Selectively Bred for High Voluntary Locomotor ActivityEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles.
Abstract Locomotion is central to behavior and intrinsic to many fitness‐critical activities (e.g., migration, foraging), and it competes with other life‐history components for energy. However, detailed analyses of how changes in locomotor activity and running behavior affect energy budgets are scarce. We quantified these effects in four replicate lines of house mice that have been selectively bred for high voluntary wheel running (S lines) and in their four nonselected control lines (C lines). We monitored wheel speeds and oxyge...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - October 2, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals
Water Supplementation Affects the Behavioral and Physiological Ecology of Gila Monsters (Heloderma suspectum) in the Sonoran DesertEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles.
Abstract In desert species, seasonal peaks in animal activity often correspond with times of higher rainfall. However, the underlying reason for such seasonality can be hard to discern because the rainy season is often associated with shifts in temperature as well as water and food availability. We used a combination of the natural climate pattern of the Sonoran Desert and periodic water supplementation to determine the extent to which water intake influenced both the behavioral ecology and the physiological ecology of a long‐lived...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - October 2, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals
Determining Feeding State and Rate of Mass Change in Insectivorous Bats Using Plasma Metabolite AnalysisEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles.
Abstract Insectivorous bats regularly experience dramatic and sometimes rapid changes in nutrient stores, yet our ability to study these changes has been limited by available techniques. Plasma metabolite analysis has proven effective for studying individual rates of mass change in birds but has not been validated for other taxa. We tested the effectiveness of plasma metabolite analysis by conducting a study with captive big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) and little brown bats (Myotis lucifugus) in the field. In the lab, we varied foo...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - October 2, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Technical Comment Source Type: journals
Effects of predaceous and nonpredaceous introduced fish on the survival, growth, and antipredation behaviours of long-toed salamandersEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
K. J. Pearson and C. P. Goater - Simultaneous introduction of complex suites of exotic organisms into indigenous populations have poorly known magnitudes and consequences. We compared the effects of introduced piscivorous rainbow...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - October 2, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
The cold shoulder: free-ranging snowshoe hares maintain a low cost of living in cold climatesEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Michael J. Sheriff, J. R. Speakman, L. Kuchel, S. Boutin, and M. M. Humphries - The hypothesis that cold air temperatures (Ta) constrain the metabolic diversity of high-latitude endotherms is based on the observation among birds and mammals that mean...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - October 2, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Erratum Role of visual barriers on mitigation of interspecific interference competition between native and non-native salmonid speciesEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Koh Hasegawa and Koji Maekawa -
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - October 2, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Supplementary Testosterone Inhibits Paternal Care in a Tropically Breeding Sparrow, Zonotrichia capensisEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles.
Abstract In most male birds that exhibit paternal care, elevation in testosterone above the breeding baseline reduces nestling provisioning, which can be detrimental to offspring survival. Mechanisms that may allow some males to avoid this detrimental effect of elevated testosterone include (1) decreased sensitivity to testosterone’s effects on behavior and (2) uncoupling of testosterone secretion from territorial challenges (thus reducing the number of transient elevations in testosterone above the breeding baseline). Both of thes...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - October 2, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals
Escaping to the Surface: A Phylogenetically Independent Analysis of Hypoxia‐Induced Respiratory Behaviors in SculpinsEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles.
Abstract Behavioral responses to progressive hypoxia exposure were assessed in several species of fish from the family Cottidae (sculpins), which are distributed along the near‐shore marine environment and differ in their hypoxia tolerance. The use of aquatic surface respiration (ASR) and aerial emergence as a response to progressive decreases in environmental O2 differed between intertidal and subtidal sculpins. Intertidal sculpins consistently displayed ASR followed by emergence behaviors, while the subtidal species performed the...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - October 2, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals
The Role of Size in Synchronous Air Breathing of Hoplosternum littoraleEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
This study highlights how social interaction can affect air‐breathing behaviors and the importance of considering both behavioral and physiological responses of fish to hypoxia to understand the survival mechanisms they employ.
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - October 2, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals
Unifying Wildfire Models from Ecology and Statistical PhysicsEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The American Naturalist, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page E000, Latest Articles.
Abstract: Understanding the dynamics of wildfire regimes is crucial for both regional forest management and predicting global interactions between fire regimes and climate. Accordingly, spatially explicit modeling of forest fire ecosystems is a very active field of research, including both generic and highly specific models. There is, however, a second field in which wildfire has served as a metaphor for more than 20 years: statistical physics. So far, there has been only limited interaction between these two fields of wildfire modeling. Here we ...
Source: The American Naturalist - October 2, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article ‐Article Source Type: journals
A Plant Needs Ants like a Dog Needs Fleas: Myrmelachista schumanni Ants Gall Many Tree Species to Create HousingEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The American Naturalist, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles.
Abstract: Hundreds of tropical plant species house ant colonies in specialized chambers called domatia. When, in 1873, Richard Spruce likened plant‐ants to fleas and asserted that domatia are ant‐created galls, he incited a debate that lasted almost a century. Although we now know that domatia are not galls and that most ant‐plant interactions are mutualisms and not parasitisms, we revisit Spruce’s suggestion that ants can gall in light of our observations of the plant‐ant Myrmelachista schumanni, which creates clearings in the Amazonian...
Source: The American Naturalist - October 2, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Natural History Note Source Type: journals
Simian varicella virus in pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina): clinical, pathologic, and virologic features.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Simian varicella virus (SVV; Cercopithecine herpesvirus 9) is a naturally occurring herpesvirus of nonhuman primates. Here we present the clinical, pathologic, and virologic findings from 2 cases of SVV in adult female pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina). The initial case presented with hyperthermia and a diffuse inguinal rash which spread centripetally, progressing to vesiculoulcerative dermatitis of the trunk, face, and extremities. At 96 h after presentation, the animal was anorexic and lethargic and had oral and glossal ulcerations. Euthanasia was elected in light of the macaque's failure to respond to clinical ...
Source: Comparative Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Hukkanen RR, Gillen M, Grant R, Liggitt HD, Kiem HP, Kelley ST Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
Cloning and comparison of factor X from rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta).Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The reliability of the rhesus monkey as an important experimental animal depends on its genetic concordance with human. During our assessment of the rhesus monkey as a preclinical model for coagulation-related research, we cloned the full-length cDNA of rhesus monkey factor X (FX) and compared its genetic characteristics and coagulation activity with those of human FX. The full-length cDNA of rhesus monkey FX was 1683 bp in length, corresponding to 487 coding amino acids and sharing 94.71% nucleotide identity and 93.65% amino acid identity with human FX. When FX sequences from different animals were compared with that ...
Source: Comparative Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Chen Y, Qin S, Tan W, Lu Y, Zhang J, Li H, Bu H, Cheng J Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
The anatomy of the glenoid labrum: a comparison between human and dog.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the anatomy of the canine GL and related structures (n = 20) was investigated and compared with the human anatomic situation (n = 36). In both human and beagle joints, the GL consisted of 3 zones-the transition zone, shifting zone, and meniscoid fold, but not all 3 zones were present in all joint segments from canine joints. In particular the peripheral parts of the GL showed rich vascularization in both species. The height and width of the GL in the histologic specimens indicated that the GL is of less importance as a passive stabilizer in dogs. Additional differences between the human and canine CL include...
Source: Comparative Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Sager M, Herten M, Ruchay S, Assheuer J, Kramer M, Jäger M Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
MRI features in a canine model of ischemic stroke: correlation between lesion volume and neurobehavioral status during the subacute stage.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and assess the correlation between the volume of the ischemic lesion and neurobehavioral status during the subacute stage of ischemic stroke. Ischemic stroke was induced in 6 healthy laboratory beagles through permanent occlusion of the middle cerebral artery (MCAO). T2-weighted and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) imaging, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), measurement of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) ratio, and neurobehavioral evaluation were performed 3 times serially by using a 1.5-T MR system: be...
Source: Comparative Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Kang BT, Jang DP, Gu SH, Lee JH, Jung DI, Lim CY, Kim HJ, Kim YB, Kim HJ, Woo EJ, Cho ZH, Park HM Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
Insulin resistance in insulin-resistant and diabetic hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) is associated with abnormal hepatic expression of genes involved in lipid and glucose metabolism.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined the alterations in hepatic gene expression involved in FIHIR by using obese insulin-resistant and diabetic hamsters that received high-fat diet with or without low-dose streptozotocin. Microarray analysis and confirmatory real-time RT-PCR indicated that increased mRNA levels of sterol regulatory element-binding proteins (SREBPs) and decreased mRNA levels of liver X receptor (LXRalpha) and peroxisome-proliferator-activated receptor (PPARalpha) occurred in FIHIR in insulin-resistant and diabetic hamsters. Expression levels of hepatic LXRalpha, SREBPs, and PPARalpha differed significantly between insulin-resistant...
Source: Comparative Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Li G, Liu X, Zhu H, Huang L, Liu Y, Ma C, Qin C Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
Effects of timing of dexamethasone treatment on the outcome of collagenase-induced intracerebral hematoma in rats.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The effect of timing in providing dexamethasone treatment after intracerebral hematoma was evaluated in rats with hematoma induced by a subcortical collagenase injection. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (n = 30; body weight, 185 to 230 g) received dexamethasone (1 mg/kg) intraperitoneally at 2 h, 4 h, or 6 h (1 group per time point) after intracerebral collagenase injection, with another dose (1 mg/kg) administered at 24 h after collagenase injection. Neurologic examinations and rotarod treadmill tests were used to evaluate motor behavior before and at 24 and 48 h after intracerebral injection. Rats were euthanized after the ...
Source: Comparative Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Savard C, Lema PP, Hélie P, Vachon P Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
Reproductive experience and the response of female Sprague-Dawley rats to fear and stress.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was designed to determine how nulliparous (no reproductive experience), primiparous (1 reproductive experience) and multiparous (at least 2 reproductive experiences) rats respond to a Pavlovian paradigm of learned fear, involving the pairing of a neutral stimulus (conditioned stimulus) with an aversive stimulus (unconditioned stimulus). We report evidence that reproductive experience is linked with fear-response and anxiety-like behaviors. Our findings indicate that reproductive experience has an additive effect: primiparous mothers showed a different response to the paradigm of conditioned fear not only compare...
Source: Comparative Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Rima BN, Bardi M, Friedenberg JM, Christon LM, Karelina KE, Lambert KG, Kinsley CH Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
Adiposity-related biochemical phenotype in senescence-accelerated mouse prone 6 (SAMP6).Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Senescence-accelerated mouse prone 6 (SAMP6) is a model of senile osteoporosis. From 10 to 22 wk of age, SAMP6 mice were heavier than age-matched AKR/J and SAMR1 mice. Body mass indices of 10- and 25-wk-old SAMP6 mice were higher than those of age-matched AKR/J and SAMR1 mice, indicating obesity in the SAMP6 animals. We compared the blood biochemical values among SAMP6, SAMR1, and AKR/J mice to assess whether the SAMP6 strain has abnormal obesity-related parameters. Plasma glucose, triglyceride, insulin, and leptin levels were higher in 10-wk-old SAMP6 mice than in age-matched SAMR1 and AKR/J mice, whereas plasma gluca...
Source: Comparative Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Niimi K, Takahashi E, Itakura C Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
Infectious diseases in wild mice (Mus musculus) collected on and around the University of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia) Campus.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was undertaken to determine what infectious agents the wild mice on the University of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia) campus were carrying. Wild mice were trapped and evaluated for parasites, viruses, and selected bacteria by using histopathology, serology, and PCR-based assays. Results were compared with known infectious agents historically circulating in the vivaria housing mice on campus and were generally different. Although the ectoparasitic burdens found on the 2 populations were similar, the wild mice had a much lower incidence of endoparasites (most notably pinworms). The seroprevalence of some viral infecti...
Source: Comparative Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Parker SE, Malone S, Bunte RM, Smith AL Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
Estrogen-responsive transient expression assay using a brain aromatase-based reporter gene in zebrafish (Danio rerio).Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Whereas endogenous estrogens play an important role in the development, maintenance, and function of female and male reproductive organs, xenoestrogens present in the environment disrupt normal endocrine function in humans and wildlife. Various in vivo and in vitro assays have been developed to screen these xenoestrogens. However, traditional in vivo assays are laborious and unsuitable for large-scale screening, and in vitro assays do not necessarily replicate in vivo functioning. To overcome these limitations, we developed a transient expression assay in zebrafish, into which a brain aromatase (cyp19a1b)-based estroge...
Source: Comparative Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Kim DJ, Seok SH, Baek MW, Lee HY, Na YR, Park SH, Lee HK, Dutta NK, Kawakami K, Park JH Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals
How do guide dogs and pet dogs (Canis familiaris) ask their owners for their toy and for playing?Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, this study shows that dogs possess partially intentional non-verbal deictic abilities: they exhibit successive visual orienting between a partner and objects, apparent attention-getting behaviours, no sensitivity to the visual status of humans for communication, and persistence in (but no elaboration of) communicative behaviours when apparent attempts to "manipulate" the human partner fail.
PMID: 19795141 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Animal Cognition - September 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Gaunet F Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals
A new species of heterospio (polychaeta, longosomatidae) from offshore angola.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
A new polychaete species of the longosomatid genus Heterospio is described from the coastal shelf off Angola in the Southeast Atlantic. This species was found from two sampling points at depths of 105 and 146 m, and differs from other members of the family in having eight short thoracic setigers, in the lack of neuropodial acicular hooks in the first setiger, and in having only three pairs of branchiae. The material consists of 21 adults with gametes in the body cavity of posterior segments and one Juvenile. Size-dependent variation in morphological features such as the length of midbody setigers, number of spines per ...
Source: Zoological Science - September 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Bochert R, Zettler ML Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals
Structural regression of the rat corpus luteum of pregnancy: relationship with functional regression, apoptotic cell death, and the suckling stimulus.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
This study adds evidence that structural regression of the rat PCL 1) starts to occur before the completion of functional regression, 2) Involves a modest Incidence of TUNEL-reactlve apoptosls, and 3) is promoted by the suckling stimulus, presumably through the effects of prolactin.
PMID: 19832686 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Zoological Science - September 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Kurusu S, Suzuki K, Taniguchi K, Yonezawa T, Kawaminami M Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals
Heterogeneous Distribution of G Protein Alpha Subunits in the Main Olfactory and Vomeronasal Systems of Rhinella (Bufo) arenarum Tadpoles.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
We evaluated the presence of G protein subtypes Galpha(o), Galpha(i2), and Galpha(olf) in the main olfactory system (MOS) and accessory or vomeronasal system (VNS) of Rhinella (Bufo) arenarum tadpoles, and here describe the fine structure of the sensory cells in the olfactory epithelium (OE) and vomeronasal organ (VNO). The OE shows olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) with cilia in the apical surface, and the vomeronasal receptor neurons (VRNs) of the VNO are covered with microvilli. Immunohistochemistry detected the presence of at least two segregated populations of ORNs throughout the OE, coupled to Galpha(olf) and Gal...
Source: Zoological Science - September 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Jungblut LD, Paz DA, López-Costa JJ, Pozzi AG Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals
Morphological and Histochemical Study of the Nasal Cavity and Fused Olfactory Bulb of the Brown-Eared Bulbul, Hysipetes amaurotis.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The brown-eared bulbul (Hysipetes amaurotis) is commonly found in Japan where it is regarded as a harmful bird that causes damage to agricultural products. Few studies have investigated the sensory apparatus of this bird, and consequently little is known of the sensory modalities it uses. Here we analyzed the anatomical and histological properties of the nasal cavity and olfactory bulb (OB) of the bulbul in order to investigate the functional level of olfaction in this species. Although both anterior and maxillary conchae were observed in the bulbul nasal cavity, there was no structure equivalent to the posterior conch...
Source: Zoological Science - September 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Yokosuka M, Hagiwara A, Saito TR, Aoyama M, Ichikawa M, Sugita S Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals
Involvement of estrogen receptor Beta in the induction of polyovular follicles in mouse ovaries exposed neonatally to diethylstilbestrol.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the involvement of estrogen receptor subtypes ERalpha and ERbeta in induction of PFs by neonatal treatment with DES was analyzed by using ERalpha knockout (alphaERKO) and ERbeta knockout (betaERKO) mice. Ovaries of mice injected with 3 microg DES for 5 days from the day of birth were examined histologically from 10 to 60 days of age, and the expression of genes involved in folliculogenesis was analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR. The PF Incidence (percent of PFs per 100 follicles greater than 50 microm in diameter) in the ovary of alphaERKO mice treated with DES was not different from that in the DES-trea...
Source: Zoological Science - September 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Kirigaya A, Kim H, Hayashi S, Chambon P, Watanabe H, Lguchi T, Sato T Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals
Does the Thermal Advantage of Melanism Produce Size Differences in Color-dimorphic Snakes?Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Despite extensive research, the function and adaptive significance of melanism remain controversial.In snakes, melanistic individuals enjoy a thermal advantage compared with normal-colored individuals due to superior thermoregulatory capabilities. The hypothetical consequences of this thermal advantage are that melanistic individuals have longer daily and seasonal active periods, and thus collect more food, resulting in a higher growth rate and larger body size. To test the generality of this hypothesis, I made intermorph comparisons of body size using a melanistic/striped color-dimorphic snake (Elaphe quadrivirgata) o...
Source: Zoological Science - September 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Tanaka K Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals
Seasonal and sexual variation in the diet and gastrointestinal features of the sika deer in Western Japan: implications for the feeding strategy.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Sexual and seasonal variation in diet quality and the gastrointestine have important implications for forage acquisition and the feeding strategy. We assessed the botanical and chemical compositions of the diet and the gastrointestinal macrostructure of the sika deer (Cervus nippon) in western Japan. The sexual dimorphism-body size hypothesis predicts that smaller females will have a better diet than larger males to meet a higher nutritional demand due to a higher metabolic rate. According to the optimal digestion theory, the gut of larger males will retain a greater quantity of digesta of poor forage to compensate for...
Source: Zoological Science - September 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Jiang Z, Hamasaki S, Takatsuki S, Kishimoto M, Kitahara M Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals
Suppressor of Hairless (Su(H)) is Required for Foregut Development in the Sea Urchin Embryo.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
In sea urchin embryos, Notch signaling is required to segregate non-skeletogenic mesoderm from early endomesoderm, and is involved in endoderm development. To further investigate the role of Notch signaling in the endoderm cell lineage, we cloned a cDNA for the Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus ortholog of Suppressor of Hairless (HpSu(H)), which is a major mediator of the Notch signaling pathway, examined the expression during development and performed a functional analysis. HpSu(H) mRNA was ubiquitously expressed up to the unhatched blastula stage, and expression was exclusively detected in the vegetal plate region from the ...
Source: Zoological Science - September 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Karasawa K, Sakamoto N, Fujita K, Ochiai H, Fujii T, Akasaka K, Yamamoto T Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals
Influence of Queen and Diet on Nestmate Recognition and Cuticular Hydrocarbon Differentiation in a Fission-Dispersing Ant, Aphaenogaster senilis.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
In social insects, colony fission is a particular mode of dispersal by which an adult colony splits into two or more independent nests. In the monogynous ant Aphaenogaster senilis, field data suggest that new queens may be produced in queenless daughter nests after nest relocation. Because workers do not fly, colony fission limits dispersal distance, leading young sister colonies to compete together and with the mother queen. In the present study we analysed the effects of queen loss and diet change on nestmate recognition. Queenright colonies were separated into two queenless and one queenright fragments. One queenles...
Source: Zoological Science - September 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Ichinose K, Boulay R, Cerdá X, Lenoir A Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals
The role of the terminal nerve and GnRH in olfactory system neuromodulation.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Animals must regulate their sensory responsiveness appropriately with respect to their internal and external environments, which is accomplished in part via centrifugal modulatory pathways. In the olfactory sensory system, responsiveness is regulated by neuromodulators released from centrifugal fibers into the olfactory epithelium and bulb. Among the modulators known to modulate neural activity of the olfactory system, one of the best understood is gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). This is because GnRH derives mainly from the terminal nerve (TN), and the TN-GnRH system has been suggested to function as a neuromodu...
Source: Zoological Science - September 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Kawai T, Oka Y, Eisthen H Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals
A keystone predator at risk? Density and distribution of the spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta) in the Etosha National Park, NamibiaEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Martina Trinkel - For wildlife management and conservation biology, it is important to be able to estimate the status and distribution of animals and to monitor their population...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - September 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals
Stress and Parental Care in a Wild Teleost Fish: Insights from Exogenous Supraphysiological Cortisol ImplantsEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles.
Abstract Male largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) provide sole parental care over a 4–6‐wk period to a single brood, fanning the eggs to keep them oxygenated and free of silt and defending the brood until the offspring develop antipredator tactics. During this period, fish are highly active and have few opportunities for feeding, so this activity is energetically costly. To understand some of the consequences of stress during this challenging period, we injected fish with cortisol suspended in coconut oil to experimentally ra...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - September 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals
Characterization of Mithun (Bos frontalis) ejaculates and fertility of cryopreserved sperm.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
Technologies for conservation and propagation of genetic resources in the Mithun (Bos frontalis), a rare semi-wild bovine species of Southeast Asia. Successful cryopreservation of Mithun semen would provide a potential vehicle to address above issue. To date, information on characteristics of Mithun ejaculates is not available and there are no reports of birth of live offspring using cryopreserved Mithun semen collected using AV method. A study was therefore conducted to (i) characterize the Mithun ejaculate, (ii) investigate the effectiveness of Mithun sperm cryopreservation, and (iii) determine whether artificial ins...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - September 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Mondal M, Karunakaran M, Lee KB, Rajkhowa C Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Functional relationships among intrafollicular insulin-like growth factor 1, circulatory gonadotropins, and development of the dominant follicle in mares.Email this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The functional relationships among intrafollicular free insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1), circulatory gonadotropins, and development of the dominant follicle were studied in 40 mares in two experiments. A GnRH antagonist (Acyline) was given i.m. at the expected beginning of follicular deviation (largest follicle or F1>/=20mm; Day 0) alone (Acyline group) or in combination with intrafollicular treatment of F1 with rhIGF1 (Acyline/IGF1 group). In Experiment 1, blood samples, follicular-fluid samples, and diameter of F1 were taken on Days 1 and 2. In Experiment 2, daily follicular diameter and blood samples were tak...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - September 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Checura CM, Beg MA, Parrish JJ, Ginther OJ Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals
Species' Range: Adaptation in Space and TimeEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The American Naturalist, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles.
Abstract: Populations living in a spatially and temporally changing environment can adapt to the changing optimum and/or migrate toward favorable habitats. Here we extend previous analyses with a static optimum to allow the environment to vary in time as well as in space. The model follows both population dynamics and the trait mean under stabilizing selection, and the outcomes can be understood by comparing the loads due to genetic variance, dispersal, and temporal change. With fixed genetic variance, we obtain two regimes: (1) adaptation that is...
Source: The American Naturalist - September 29, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article ‐Article Source Type: journals
Macrophysiology: A Conceptual ReunificationEmail this article to a colleague.
Save this article to My Clippings.
Discuss or comment on this article.
The American Naturalist, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles.
Abstract: Widespread recognition of the importance of biological studies at large spatial and temporal scales, particularly in the face of many of the most pressing issues facing humanity, has fueled the argument that there is a need to reinvigorate such studies in physiological ecology through the establishment of a macrophysiology. Following a period when the fields of ecology and physiological ecology had been regarded as largely synonymous, studies of this kind were relatively commonplace in the first half of the twentieth century. However, su...
Source: The American Naturalist - September 29, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Synthesis Source Type: journals
