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This page shows you the most recent publications within this specialty of the MedWorm directory. This is page number 9.

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Altered sleep patterns and physiologic characteristics in spontaneous dwarf rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study aimed to describe the sleep pattern and physiologic characteristics of these rats compared with normal-sized adult rats. Because growth hormone can attenuate the upregulation of ceruloplasmin expression caused by acute inflammation, we also assessed the basal levels of serum ceruloplasmin in these animals. At 90 d of age, body weight and length were significantly lower in dwarf rats relative to normal rats. Dwarves had lower concentrations of serum testosterone and growth hormone, but progesterone was unchanged. Corticosterone levels did not differ between groups. During the light period, the percentage of sleep...
Source: Comparative Medicine - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Andersen ML, Lee KS, Guindalini C, Leite WA, Bignotto M, Tufik S Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals

Isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury and diastolic dysfunction in mice: structural and functional correlates.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to determine whether a simple, noninvasive method involving administration of isoproterenol could be used to produce myocardial injury and cardiac dysfunction in the mouse heart with a low incidence of mortality. Adult Swiss-Webster mice were injected with isoproterenol (100 mg/kg SC) once daily for 5 d. Myocardial histology and left ventricular (LV) function were assessed 10 to 14 d after the last isoproterenol injection in 14 surviving isoproterenol-treated mice and 15 saline-treated control mice. Left ventricular systolic and diastolic pressures were evaluated in vitro by means of isovolu...
Source: Comparative Medicine - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Brooks WW, Conrad CH Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals

Decreased growth factor expression through RNA interference inhibits development of mouse preimplantation embryos.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Mitogenic growth factors play an important role in cellular development and differentiation. The purpose of this study was to assess the extent to which epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor alpha (TGFalpha) and their cognate receptor (EGFR) are crucial for normal preimplantation embryo development. We used RNA interference to decrease expression of growth factors in preimplantation mouse embryos. We microinjected 1-cell mouse embryos individually with short interfering RNA (siRNA) specific to EGF, TGFalpha, and EGFR and then analyzed temporal and spatial gene expression patterns at different sta...
Source: Comparative Medicine - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Dadi TD, Li MW, Lloyd KC Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals

Pulmonary inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in a mouse model of asthma complicated by acid aspiration.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Several studies have indicated a strong association between asthma and aspiration of stomach contents. However, the complex association between these inflammatory processes has not been studied extensively in animal models. In the present study, we developed an animal model to evaluate the inflammatory cell, chemokine, and airway responses to asthma complicated by aspiration. The model was produced by sensitizing mice to cockroach allergens from house-dust extracts. Mice with asthma-like airway responses then were inoculated intratracheally with either an acidic solution or saline. Acid aspiration increased airway hype...
Source: Comparative Medicine - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Nemzek JA, Kim J Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals

Alopecia: possible causes and treatments, particularly in captive nonhuman primates.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19712570 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Comparative Medicine - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Kessler MJ Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals

A new species of kalophrynus with a unique male humeral spine from peninsular malaysia (amphibia, anura, microhylidae).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A new microhylid, Kalophrynus yongi, Is described from the Cameron Highlands of Peninsular Malaysia. Morphologi cally, the new species differs from all known congeners by having a very stout forelimb with a humeral spine in males. Acoustically, it resembles K. baluensis and K. heterochirus and sharply differs from K. interlineatus, K. pleurostigma, K. palmatissimus, and K. nubicola. PMID: 19719411 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Zoological Science - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Matsui M Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals

Teratodiplogaster fignewmani gen. nov., sp. nov. (Nematoda: Diplogastridae) from the Syconia of Ficus racemose in Australia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
During the course of a survey of fig-associated nematodes in eastern Australia, we discovered an unusual diplogastrid nematode that we describe herein as Teratodiplogaster fignewmani gen. nov., sp. nov. This nematode was isolated as adults and juveniles from the syconia of Ficus racemose in Queensland and Western Australia. It is presumed to be associated with the agaonid fig wasp, Ceratosolen fusciceps, for dispersion to new phase-B sycones. Teratodiplogaster fignewmani gen. nov., sp. nov. was inferred to be the sister taxon to the genus Parasitodiplogaster based upon molecular phylogeny using nearly full-length seque...
Source: Zoological Science - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Kanzaki N, Giblin-Davis RM, Davies K, Ye W, Center BJ, Thomas WK Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals

DNA barcoding in photosymbiotic species of diplosoma (ascidiacea: didemnidae), with the description of a new species from the southern ryukyus, Japan.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Partial sequences of the cytochrome c oxldase subunlt I (COI) gene were determined for six species of the genus Diplosoma (Ascldlacea, Dldemnldae) to develop tools for species identification. Because each Diplosoma species has distinctly different COI haplotype(s), the gene sequence seems to be usable for species discrimination in this ascldlan genus. The phylogenetic hypothesis supported by the COI data is congruent with the distribution of character states of the retractor muscle. in this paper, we describe a new Diplosoma species harboring symbiotic cyanophytes, found on Mlyakojima Island, Ryukyu Archipelago, Japan....
Source: Zoological Science - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Hirose M, Hirose E Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals

Differential Gene Expression in the Hypopharyngeal Glands of Worker Honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) Associated with an Age-Dependent Role Change.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Associated with the age-dependent role change of worker honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) from nurse bees to foragers, some structural and functional changes occur in the hypopharyngeal glands (HPGs): nurse bee HPGs are well developed and synthesize major royal jelly proteins (MRJPs), while forager HPGs shrink and synthesize alpha-glucosldase, which converts nectar into honey. To identify candidate genes involved in the structural and functional HPG changes associated with the age-dependent role change of worker honeybees, we searched for genes whose expression in the HPGs depends on the role of workers, by using different...
Source: Zoological Science - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Ueno T, Nakaoka T, Takeuchi H, Kubo T Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals

Temporal and spatial dynamics of a lower-intertidal lancelet population in the seto inland sea, Japan.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The population dynamics of Branchiostoma japonicum, formerly known as B. belcheri, were Investigated from September 2003 to August 2005 in the intertidal zone at Takehara (Hiroshima Prefecture), Seto Inland Sea, Japan. The intertidal population appeared from spring to autumn and disappeared during winter. A laboratory experiment showed that exposure to temperatures below 1 degrees C for 2 hours resulted in severe mortality. This low temperature corresponds to the minimum temperature in sediments in the study area. This result suggested either that the intertldal population collapses in winter because of low temperature...
Source: Zoological Science - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Saito H, Mimura K, Kawai K, Lmabayashi H Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals

Limited Overwater Dispersal and Genetic Differentiation of the Snake-Eyed Skink (Cryptoblepharus nigropunctatus) in the Oceanic Ogasawara Islands, Japan.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The genetic differentiation and speciation of lizards on oceanic islands may be affected by their rate of overwater dispersal. Cryptoblepharus is one of the most geographically widespread scincid lizards throughout the Indo-Pacific and Australian regions. Cryptoblepharus nigropunctatus is the northernmost species of the genus, dwelling on several small Pacific islands. To examine the colonization history of this lizard, mitochondrial 16S rDNA and D-loop sequences were compared among populations of the Ogasawara Islands consisting of four island groups (the Muko-Jima, Chichijima, Haha-jima, and Kazan groups), and an iso...
Source: Zoological Science - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Hayashi F, Shima A, Horikoshi K, Kawakami K, Segawa RD, Aotsuka T, Suzuki T Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals

Ayu (Plecoglossus altivelis) in a Contact Zone Between Amphidromous and Landlocked Forms: Genetic Analyses of Populations in the Yodo River System.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The migratory fish ayu, Plecoglossus altivelis, has two forms: an amphldromous form found throughout the Japanese Islands and a landlocked form found In Lake Blwa. Because Lake Blwa Is one of the sources of the Yodo River, which flows Into Osaka Bay, It Is likely that there has been contact between the two forms within the Yodo River system. To examine the effects of such contact, 573 ayu were collected from the Yodo River system and several other rivers and compared through an extensive investigation of mlcrosatellite genotyping. Multivarlate and individual admixture analyses of microsatellite data showed that samples...
Source: Zoological Science - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Takeshima H, Lguchi K, Nishida M Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals

Genetic Diversity of the MHC Class-II DQA Gene in Brown Bears (Ursus arctos) on Hokkaido, Northern Japan.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To investigate genetic diversity of a major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene in the brown bear (Ursus arctos) population on Hokkaido Island, northern Japan, we cloned and sequenced parts of exon 2 and intron 2 of the MHC class-II DQA gene from 32 brown bears. According to strict criteria for allele identification established by mammalian MHC nomenclature committees, four DQA types (Urar-DQA*01 to Urar-DQA*04) were identified. Of the four, however, Urar-DQA*04 had a 12-bp deletion not detected in a cDNA analysis, indicating that this is a pseudogene at a distinct locus generated by gene duplication. The nucleotide ...
Source: Zoological Science - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Goda N, Mano T, Masuda R Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals

Larval cannibalism and pupal defense against cannibalism in two species of tenebrionid beetles.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cannibalism of pupae by larvae has been documented In many species of Insects, but the features of larval cannibalism and pupal defensive mechanisms against larval cannibalism have been largely Ignored. Pupae of tenebrionld beetles rotate their abdominal segments in a circular motion in response to the tactile stimulation of appendages, including legs, antennae, maxillary pulps, and wings. When the pupal abdominal rotation responses of Tenebrio molitor and Zophobas atratus were completely blocked by transecting the ventral nerve cord (VNC) of the pupae, the appendages of the paralytic pupae became initial, major target...
Source: Zoological Science - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Ichikawa T, Kurauchi T Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals

Calling and Courtship Behaviors Initiated by Male-Male Contact Via Agonistic Encounters in the Cricket Gryllus bimaculatus.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We investigated the stridulatory courtship initiated by male-male contact after agonistic encounters and the effect of dominance status on subsequent reproductive behavior in the cricket Gryllus bimaculatus. When two male crickets were kept together in a small area, their dominance status was quickly established through fighting or non-fighting interactions. Approximately 10 min after pairing, most dominant males produced calling and/or courtship songs in the presence of subordinate males. This behavior appeared to be triggered by some contact chemicals on the body surface of the males. Stimulation using the forewing o...
Source: Zoological Science - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Ogawa Y, Sakai M Tags: Zoolog Sci Source Type: journals

False killer whale (Pseudorca crassidens) echolocation and acoustic disruption: implications for longline bycatch and depredationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
T. A. Mooney, A. F. Pacini, and P. E. Nachtigall - False killer whales (Pseudorca crassidens (Owen, 1846)) depredate fish caught by the North Pacific pelagic longline fishery, resulting in loss of target species catch and...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals

Wild European Starlings (Sturnus vulgaris) Adjust to Captivity with Sustained Sympathetic Nervous System Drive and a Reduced Fight‐or‐Flight ResponseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we investigated changes to the cardiovascular stress response during the first 10 d of captivity of freshly captured wild European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). We demonstrated that (1) baseline heart rate (HR) remains elevated for several days following transport into captivity, (2) the normal balance between sympathetic nervous system (SNS) and parasympathetic nervous system regulation of HR is disrupted, with the SNS exerting relatively greater control over baseline HR for the first days of captivity, and (3) the HR response to startle, a mild stressor, becomes significantly reduced compared to that of st...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals

What Factors Drive Prolactin and Corticosterone Responses to Stress in a Long‐Lived Bird Species (Snow Petrel Pagodroma nivea)?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we tested the hypothesis that individuals should modulate their prolactin stress response according to the fitness value of the current reproductive effort relative to the fitness value of future reproduction. Specifically, we examined the influence of breeding status (failed breeders vs. incubating birds) and body condition on prolactin and corticosterone stress responses in a long‐lived species, the snow petrel Pagodroma nivea. When facing stressors, incubating birds had higher prolactin levels than failed breeders. However, we found no effect of body condition on the prolactin stress response. The corti...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Metabolic Similarity Despite Striking Behavioral Divergence: Aerobic Performance in Low‐ and High‐Density Forms of the Mormon CricketEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. Abstract Mormon crickets, large flightless katydids from western North America, occur in two forms that differ dramatically in population density and daily movement distances. The low‐density form is small and cryptic and moves
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - July 31, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Molecular and morphological evidence for a new species status within the genus Euseius (Acari: Phytoseiidae)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
M. Okassa, M.-S. Tixier, B. Cheval, and S. Kreiter - The identity of specimens belonging to the genus Euseius Wainstein, 1962 found on several trees in France is investigated. These specimens are morphologically close to...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - July 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals

Potential for adaptation-by-time in sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka): the interactions of body size and in-stream reproductive life span with date of arrival and breeding locationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
K. K. Doctor and T. P. Quinn - In salmonid fishes, the tendency to return to the natal site for breeding leads to reproductively isolated, locally adapted populations. In addition to this isolation-by-space,...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - July 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals

Variability in the sonic muscles of the Lusitanian toadfish (Halobatrachus didactylus): acoustic signals may reflect individual qualityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
M.C.P. Amorim, R. O. Vasconcelos, and B. Parreira - Animal vocalizations are good examples of signals that have been shaped by sexual selection and often contribute to resolve contests or the choice of mates....
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - July 30, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals

dl-Aspartic acid administration improves semen quality in rabbit bucks.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, dl-Asp administration improved sperm quality in bucks and the high d-Asp content in seminal plasma suggests a primary role for this d-amino acid in regulatory mechanisms of reproductive activity. PMID: 19716665 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - July 29, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Macchia G, Topo E, Mangano N, D'Aniello E, Boni R Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals

Plasticity in the Physiological Energetics of Mongolian Gerbils Is Associated with Diet QualityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. Abstract Small mammals usually show physiological and behavioral adaptations to cope with seasonal changes in food quality and availability. To examine the adaptive strategy of small rodents responding to varying dietary quality, we acclimated Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguiculatus) to a high‐fiber diet (HF: 35.5% neutral detergent fiber [NDF] and 21.4% acid detergent fiber [ADF]) for 4 wk and then a relatively low‐fiber diet (LF: standard rat chow, 12.8% NDF and 4.8% ADF) for another 4 wk. Body mass was stable over the course ...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - July 29, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Context-Related Variation in the Vocal Growling Behaviour of the Domestic Dog (Canis familiaris)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We investigated whether the growls of domestic dogs, Canis familiaris, exhibit predictable variations in a range of key acoustic parameters when they are given in two contrasting experimental contexts, and whether humans are sensitive to such variation. In a standardized experimental paradigm, an experimenter visited 32 domestic dogs and generated an aggression context and a play context. In these contexts, 204 isolated growls were recorded and subsequently acoustically analysed. Contrary to previous findings on barks, fundamental and formant frequencies of growls did not vary between the two contexts. However, growls from...
Source: Ethology - July 28, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Anna M. Taylor, David Reby, Karen McComb Source Type: journals

Exclusion of NEU1 and PPGB from candidate genes for a lysosomal storage disease in Japanese Black cattleEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A case of lysosomal storage disease has been reported in a calf of Japanese Black cattle. Lysosomal storage diseases are hereditary diseases caused by deficiency of lysosomal hydrolases. The clinical and pathological features and accumulated substrates of the affected animal indicated a possibility of sialidosis or galactosialidosis caused by deficiency of neuraminidase (NEU1) or protective protein for [beta]-galactosidase (PPGB). In the present study, we investigated nucleotide sequences of the genes encoding these two proteins to evaluate whether mutation of these genes is involved in this disease. We determined cattle g...
Source: Animal Science Journal - July 28, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Ali Akbar MASOUDI, Osamu YAMATO, Kazuhiro YONEDA, Takehito TSUJI, Osamu MIKAMI, Tetsuo KUNIEDA Source Type: journals

Developmental plasticity in fish exposed to a water velocity gradient: a complex response.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Developmental plasticity plays a major role in evolution and provides an excellent context for unravelling the ecological implication of variation in abiotic factors to which developing fish are subjected. Water velocity has been known to induce plasticity in salmonids, but the ontogenetic component of these changes is poorly documented. Newly hatched specimens of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were reared in four constant water velocity treatments (0.4, 0.8, 1.6 and 3.2 cm/sec) for a period of 100 days. Traditional and geometric morphometrics were used complementarily to characterize morphological changes among t...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - July 28, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Fischer-Rousseau L, Chu KP, Cloutier R Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals

Plasma Testosterone Correlates with Morph Type across Breeding Substages in Male White‐Throated SparrowsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. Abstract White‐throated sparrows (Zonotrichia albicollis) exhibit a genetic polymorphism that affects plumage and behavior in both sexes. White‐striped morphs are more territorially aggressive, whereas tan‐striped morphs provision nestlings at a higher rate. We investigated testosterone physiology in this species in an effort to understand hormonal mechanisms for the observed differences in aggression and parental care between the morphs. We found a small but significant difference in plasma testosterone between free‐living w...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - July 28, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Energy Reallocation during and after Periods of Nutritional Stress in Steller Sea Lions: Low‐Quality Diet Reduces Capacity for Physiological AdjustmentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. Abstract Two groups of female Steller sea lions (groups H and P) were subjected to periods of energy restriction and subsequent refeeding during winter and summer to determine changes in energy partitioning among principal physiological functions and the potential consequences to their fitness. Both sea lion groups consumed high‐quality fish (herring) before and after the energy restrictions. During restrictions, group H was fed a lower quantity of herring and group P a caloric equivalent of low‐quality fish (pollock). Quantitati...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - July 28, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Eavesdropping on the Neighbourhood: Collared Pika (Ochotona collaris) Responses to Playback Calls of Conspecifics and HeterospecificsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The acoustic environment, composed in part by the vocalizations of sympatric animals, is a major source of information and can be used to fine-tune behavioural decisions. Active assessment of alarm calls within and between mammal species is not fully understood. We explored the behavioural responses of collared pikas to con- and heterospecific vocalizations, in order to determine whether they selectively attend to these calls. Pikas increased their vigilance after playback of alarm calls of heterospecific mammals (marmots and ground squirrels), but responded most strongly to conspecific calls. While responses to playback c...
Source: Ethology - July 27, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Sarah A. Trefry, David S. Hik Source Type: journals

Genetic diversity of growth hormone receptor gene in cattleEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Growth hormone receptor (GHR) belongs to a member of the cytokine receptor superfamily. Polymorphism of presence or absence of an approximately 1.2 kbp LINE-1 element is observed in bovine GHR gene. The present study was carried out for estimating the genetic diversity and the origin of the LINE-1 element in 10 European, Southeastern Asian and East Asian cattle breeds or populations. Genotyping of the LINE-1 revealed predominant LINE-1 presence in European breeds (0.917[sim]0.991), absence in the Bos taurus indicus populations (0.000[sim]0.017), and intermediate presence in Northeast Asian cattle (0.417[sim]0.522). From ge...
Source: Animal Science Journal - July 27, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Bang Zhong LIN, Shinji SASAZAKI, June Heon LEE, Hideyuki MANNEN Source Type: journals

Nucleologenesis and embryonic genome activation are defective in interspecies cloned embryos between bovine ooplasm and rhesus monkey somatic cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: The down-regulation of housekeeping and imprinting genes, abnormal nucleolar morphology, and aberrant patterns of nucleolar proteins during EGA resulted in developmental failure in MB-iSCNT embryos. These results provide insight into the unresolved problems of early embryonic development in iSCNT embryos.
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - July 27, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Bong-Seok SongSang-Hee LeeSun-Uk KimJi-Su KimJung Sun ParkCheol-Hee KimKyu-Tae ChangYong-Mahn HanKyung-Kwang LeeDong-Seok LeeDeog-Bon Koo Source Type: journals

Female Barn Swallows Gain Indirect but not Direct Benefits through Social Mate ChoiceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined a breeding population of Japanese barn swallows Hirundo rustica gutturalis to determine whether male tail streamer length reflected indirect and/or direct benefits to females. There was no significant positive relationship between male streamer length and the number of extra-pair young (EPY) sired, suggesting that male tail streamers are not a signal of indirect benefits (i.e. good genes theory). In addition, we found no evidence that males with longer streamers fed their offspring more frequently or sired more within-pair young (WPY). The result indicates that male streamer length probably does not act as a si...
Source: Ethology - July 27, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Wataru Kojima, Wataru Kitamura, Sachie Kitajima, Yoko Ito, Keisuke Ueda, Go Fujita, Hiroyoshi Higuchi Source Type: journals

Developmental expression profile of the yy2 gene in miceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Yy2 expression in the heart and lung is constitutively expressed during embryogenesis and in adult mice. For the first time, developmental changes of yy2 transcription became obvious in various areas of the brain. This suggests that yy2 is involved in developmental gene regulation.
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - July 27, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: David DrewsMartin KlarChristof DameAnja Brauer Source Type: journals

Lectin binding patterns and carbohydrate mediation of sperm binding to llama oviductal cells in vitro.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Sperm binding to oviductal epithelium would be involved in sperm reservoir formation in the utero tubal junction (UTJ). Although in other mammals sperm-oviduct interaction has been proved to be mediated by carbohydrate-recognition mechanisms, the factors implicated in the sperm adhesion to oviductal epithelium of llama are still unknown. In order to assess the role of carbohydrates present in the mucosa surface, we examined the distribution of glycoconjugates in the llama oviduct by confocal lectin-histochemistry. Mannosyl, glucosyl, N-acetylglucosaminyl, galactosyl, N-acetylgalactosaminyl and sialic acid residues were...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - July 27, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Apichela SA, Valz-Gianinet JN, Schuster S, Jiménez-Díaz MA, Roldán-Olarte EM, Miceli DC Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals

Investigation of Gibbs sampling conditions to estimate variance components from Japanese Black carcass field dataEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The genetic evaluation using the carcass field data in Japanese Black cattle has been carried out employing an animal model, implementing the restricted maximum likelihood (REML) estimation of additive genetic and residual variances. Because of rapidly increasing volumes of the official data sets and therefore larger memory spaces required, an alternative approach like the REML estimation could be useful. The purpose of this study was to investigate Gibbs sampling conditions for the single-trait variance component estimation using the carcass field data. As prior distributions, uniform and normal distributions and independ...
Source: Animal Science Journal - July 26, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Aisaku ARAKAWA, Hiroaki IWAISAKI, Katsuhito ANADA Source Type: journals

A preliminary analysis of gene pleiotropy estimated from protein sequences.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Biologists have long recognized the importance of gene pleiotropy, that is, single genes affect multiple traits, which is one of the most commonly observed attributes of genes. Yet the extent of gene pleiotropy has been seriously under-explored. Theoretically, Fisher's model assumed a universal pleiotropy, that is, a mutation can potentially affect all phenotypic traits. On the other hand, experimental assays of a gene usually showed a few distinct phenotypes. Our recent work provides a new approach by estimating the degree of pleiotropy effectively from the phylogenetic sequence analysis. In this article, we estimated...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - July 26, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Su Z, Zeng Y, Gu X Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals

Enforcing biphasic eye development in a directly developing insect by transient knockdown of single eye selector genes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The visual system of indirectly developing insects such as Drosophila passes through two phases of development. Larval eyes form in the embryo, whereas the adult compound eyes form during metamorphosis. Comparative evidence implies that this biphasic mode of visual system development evolved from the continuously developing eye of directly developing insects. We investigated the developmental basis of this evolutionary transformation in a directly developing insect taking advantage of the time-limited nature of systemic RNAi in the grasshopper Schistocerca americana. Transient knockdown of the homologs of the early ret...
Source: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part B. Molecular and Developmental Evolution - July 26, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Dong Y, Friedrich M Tags: J Exp Zoolog B Mol Dev Evol Source Type: journals

Dietary manipulation of Bos indicusxheifers during gestation affects the prepubertal reproductive development of their bull calves.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, prepubertal reproductive development of bulls may be affected by prenatal nutrition during early and mid gestation. PMID: 19671489 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - July 25, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Sullivan TM, Micke GC, Greer RM, Perry VE Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals

Transcript expression of mitochondria related genes is correlated with bovine oocyte selection by BCB test.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was conducted in order to determine whether the level of G6PDH activity in immature bovine oocytes is correlated with the transcript expression of the mtDNA replication related genes, POLG, TFAM, NRF1 and mtDNA, encoded COX1 in immature and mature oocytes. G6PDH activity was assessed by the BCB test. Transcript level was assessed by real-time PCR. In immature oocytes, significant differences were noted in mRNA expression of three out of four of the genes analysed: TFAM mRNA expression differed (P<0.01) between BCB-, BCB+, and the control group; COX1 expression differed (P<0.05) between all analysed groups,...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - July 25, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Opiela J, Lipiński D, Słomski R, Kątska-Książkiewicz L Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals

Cognitive consequences of cooperative breeding in primates?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Several hypotheses propose that cooperative breeding leads to increased cognitive performance, in both nonhuman and human primates, but systematic evidence for such a relationship is missing. A causal link might exist because motivational and cognitive processes necessary for the execution and coordination of helping behaviors could also favor cognitive performance in contexts not directly related to caregiving. In callitrichids, which among primates rely most strongly on cooperative breeding, these motivational and cognitive processes include attentional biases toward monitoring others, the ability to coordinate actio...
Source: Animal Cognition - July 23, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Burkart JM, van Schaik CP Tags: Anim Cogn Source Type: journals

A Phylogenetic Test of the Size‐Advantage Model: Evolutionary Changes in Mating Behavior Influence the Loss of Sex Change in a Fish LineageEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The American Naturalist, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page E000, Latest Articles. Abstract: The size‐advantage model asserts that mating behavior influences the incidence and direction of sex change in animals. Selection for protogyny (female to male sex change) occurs in mating systems in which large males monopolize and pair spawn with females; however, gonochorism (no sex change) is favored when adults spawn in groups and sperm competition is present. Despite widespread empirical and theoretical support for the model, these predictions have not been tested within a phylogenetic context. Here we show that the loss of sex c...
Source: The American Naturalist - July 23, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article ‐Article Source Type: journals

Variation in Pollination: Causes and Consequences for Plant ReproductionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report empirical studies of the nature and magnitude of pollen dispersal variance, which provide the basis for a numerical model of the consequences of dispersal for expected seed production. Model fitting revealed that dispersal of Brassica napus pollen by bumblebees and especially butterflies exhibited much more variation than is expected of a binomial process and was best modeled as a beta‐binomial process with a constant mean. Overdispersion arose primarily during pollen dispersal by individual insects, since differences between individuals of the same pollinator type were limited. Our model revealed variance limi...
Source: The American Naturalist - July 23, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Influence of the environmental heterogeneity of breeding ponds on anuran assemblages from southeastern BrazilEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
T. S. Vasconcelos, T. G. Santos, D. C. Rossa-Feres, and C.F.B Haddad - We hypothesized that the environmental heterogeneity of breeding ponds influences the species composition and species richness of anuran assemblages from southeastern Brazil, because it provides...
Source: Canadian Journal of Zoology - July 23, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals

Degeneration of germ line cells in amphibian ovaryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Ogielska, M., Rozenblut, B., Augustyńska, R., Kotusz, A. 2009. Degeneration of germ line cells in amphibian ovary. [mdash]Acta Zoologica (Stockholm) xx: 00[ndash]00 We studied the morphology of degenerating ovarian follicles in juvenile and adult frogs Rana temporaria, Rana lessonae and Rana ridibunda. Degeneration of primordial germ cells was never observed and was extremely rare in oogonia and early oocytes in a cyst phase in juveniles. Previtellogenic oocytes were rarely affected. Three main types of atresia were identified. In type I (subdivided into stages A[ndash]D), vitellogenic oocytes are digested by prolif...
Source: Acta Zoologica - July 22, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Maria Ogielska, Beata Rozenblut, Renata Augustyńska, Agnieszka Kotusz Source Type: journals

YA is needed for proper nuclear organization to transition between meiosis and mitosis in DrosophilaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Our data suggest YA function is needed at a control point, following meiosis II and the initiation of the first postmeiotic S phase, which is sensitive to the chromatin condensation state of the haploid meiotic products.
Source: BMC Developmental Biology - Latest articles - July 22, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Katharine SacktonJacqueline LopezCindy BermanMariana Wolfner Source Type: journals

The interplay between claw morphology and microhabitat use in neotropical iguanian lizards.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Traditionally, it has been suggested that variation in locomotor mode should be correlated with variation in the anatomy of the structures responsible for locomotion. Indeed, organisms can expand their ecological niche by using specialized traits of the locomotor system including hooks, claws, adhesive pads, etc. Despite the fact that claws are the most common biological mechanism of clinging in vertebrates, little is known about their function or evolutionary relationship to habitat use. The present study focuses on claw morphology in 57 species of iguanian lizards occupying different microhabitats. Qualitative differ...
Source: Zoology - July 22, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Tulli MJ, Cruz FB, Herrel A, Vanhooydonck B, Abdala V Tags: Zoology (Jena) Source Type: journals

Spontaneous myometrial contractility in cows suffering from endometritis-Influence of localisation, smooth muscle layer and cycle phase. An in vitro study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Contractility of the healthy bovine myometrium depends on the reproductive state. Furthermore, contractility is influenced by localisation and the direction of smooth muscle strips. However, little is known about the contractile behaviour of the uterus when affected by endometritis. In our study, myometrial specimens from the larger horn (near the corpus and near the tip) in cows suffering from endometritis in estrus (n=8) or diestrus (n=8) were collected after slaughter. Two strips were prepared from each region corresponding to the circular and the longitudinal muscle layers, respectively. The spontaneous contractili...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - July 22, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Hirsbrunner G, Kaufmann C, Keller C, Hüsler J, Steiner A Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: journals

Directional Evolution of the Slope of the Metabolic Rate–Temperature Relationship Is Correlated with ClimateEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. Abstract The evolution of metabolic rate–temperature (MR‐T) reaction norms is of fundamental importance to physiological ecology. Metabolic cold adaptation (MCA) predicts that populations or species from cooler environments will have either a higher metabolic rate at a common temperature or steeper MR‐T relationships, indicating greater sensitivity of respiratory metabolism to temperature. Support for MCA has been found in some insect species by comparing species or populations differing in latitude. However, the generality of ...
Source: Physiological and Biochemical Zoology - July 22, 2009 Category: Zoology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Age and seasonal changes in the semiochemicals of the sternal gland secretions of male koalas (Phascolarctos cinereus)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
J. R. Tobey, T. R. Nute, F. B. Bercovitch - Volume 57(2)
Source: Australian Journal of Zoology - July 20, 2009 Category: Zoology Source Type: journals

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