MedWorm: Bladder Cancer

Prognostic value of bcl-2 and bax tumor cell expression in patients with non muscle-invasive bladder cancer receiving bacillus calmette-guerin immunotherapy.

Ultrastructural Pathology — Wed, 08 Feb 2012 03:06:09 +0100

In conclusion, the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in NMIBC could have a prognostic value in assessing the risk of recurrence after BCG immunotherapy. These findings require further investigations on larger cohort in order to ascertain new molecular markers of the response to BCG immunotherapy. PMID: 22292735 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Ultrastructural Pathology)

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Cytotoxic Triterpenoid Saponins from Ardisia gigantifolia

Planta Medica — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Planta MedDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1298254AbstractThree new triterpenoid saponins, 1–3, together with two known saponins, 4 and 5, were isolated from the rhizome of Ardisia gigantifolia. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies. Saponins 1, 2, 4, and 5 exhibited significant cytotoxicity against four human cancer cell lines, namely, Hela human cervical carcinoma cells, EJ human bladder tumor cells, HepG-2 human hepatoma cells, and BCG human gastric carcinoma cells with IC50 values in the range of 1.9–4.8 µM.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Planta Medica)

Long-Term Benefits With Chemoradiation for Bladder CancerLong-Term Benefits With Chemoradiation for Bladder Cancer

Medscape Today Headlines — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 21:40:28 +0100

An analysis of 6 studies shows that bladder preservation therapy with chemotherapy and high-dose radiation is a viable option for patients with less advanced and less bulky disease. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Comparability of cancer identification among death registry, cancer registry and hospital discharge registry

International Journal of Cancer — Sun, 05 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, some 10% of cancer deaths had no cancer records in CR or in HDR, and 3.4% were missing in both sources. The identification rate depended on tumor site, age at death, and, to some extent, death outside hospital. © 2012 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: International Journal of Cancer)

US Drug Watchdog Dramatically Intensifies Its Efforts To Insure...

PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 06:24:02 +0100

The US Drug Watchdog is warning diabetics, who used the diabetes drug called Actos, and then developed bladder cancer, to call them for the names, and contacts of the best possible national caliber...(PRWeb February 01, 2012)Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/2012/2/prweb9155285.htm (Source: PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals)

Insulin use is not significantly predictive for prostate cancer mortality in diabetic patients: a 12‐year follow‐up study

BJU International — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS• Insulin use in diabetic patients does not significantly predict the mortality from prostate cancer.• Further confirmation in other ethnicities is needed. (Source: BJU International)

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The principal urinary metabolite of allyl isothiocyanate, N-acetyl-S-(N-allylthiocarbamoyl)cysteine, inhibits the growth and muscle invasion of bladder cancer

Carcinogenesis — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Naturally occurring allyl isothiocyanate (AITC) was recently shown to be selectively delivered to bladder cancer tissue via urinary excretion and to inhibit bladder cancer growth and muscle invasion in an animal model. AITC is excreted in urine mainly as N-acetyl-S-(N-allylthiocarbamoyl)cysteine, more commonly known as the N-acetylcysteine conjugate (NAC-AITC). We show here that treatment of human bladder cancer UM-UC-3 cells or rat bladder cancer AY-27 cells with NAC-AITC at 15 μM results in significant inhibition of cell growth and proliferation, together with cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. We also show that NAC-AITC administered orally at 10 μmol/kg body wt inhibits cancer growth by 40% and muscle invasion by 49% in an orthotopic rat bladder cancer model. Furthermore, the antica...

Radical cystectomy for clinically muscle invasive bladder cancer: does prior non-invasive disease affect clinical outcomes?

World Journal of Urology — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 16:48:25 +0100

Conclusion Our retrospective study suggests that patients with non-invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder that progress to muscle invasion and require radical cystectomy appear to have better pathologic and clinical outcome than patients presenting with clinical muscle invasive disease de novo. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00345-012-0832-2Authors Ahmed F. Kotb, Department of Surgery (Urology), McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaEvan Kovac, Department of Surgery (Urology), McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaWassim Kassouf, Department of Surgery (Urology), McGill University, Montreal, QC, CanadaJoe Chin, Department of Surgery (Urology), University of Western Ontario, London, ON, CanadaYves Fradet, Department ...

Effects of fluorescent light‐guided transurethral resection on non‐muscle‐invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta‐analysis

BJU International — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION• FL‐guided TURBT was not superior to conventional WL in diagnostic accuracy. Although FL‐guided TURBT had an advantage in reducing the residual tumour rate, it had no significant effect on short‐term RFS and PFS. (Source: BJU International)

External-Beam Radiation Therapy and High–Dose Rate Brachytherapy Combined With Long-Term Androgen Deprivation Therapy in High and Very High Prostate Cancer: Preliminary Data on Clinical Outcome

International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 09:33:53 +0100

Conclusions: Intermediate-term results at the 5-year time point indicate a favorable outcome without an increase in the rate of late complications. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)

Lawyers Offer Free Actos Bladder Cancer Claims Consultation

PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 07:31:07 +0100

The bladder cancer attorneys of Onder, Shelton, O’Leary & Peterson, LLC are offering Actos users diagnosed with bladder cancer a no-cost, no-obligation Actos bladder cancer claim review.(PRWeb January 28, 2012)Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/actos-bladder-cancer/actos-lawsuits/prweb9146946.htm (Source: PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals)

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US Drug Watchdog's Now Zeros In On Making Sure Diabetics Who Used...

PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 07:31:07 +0100

The US Drug Watchdog says, "There is no way you could put a price tag on diabetics, who used the diabetes drug called Actos, and then developed bladder cancer; but we intend to make certain every...(PRWeb January 27, 2012)Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/2012/1/prweb9140335.htm (Source: PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals)

Pathology‐based risk stratification of muscle‐invasive bladder cancer patients undergoing cystectomy for persistent disease after induction chemoradiotherapy in bladder‐sparing approaches

BJU International — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION• In CRT‐based bladder‐sparing approaches, patients with a clinical non‐CR after induction CRT can be stratified into low‐ and high‐risk groups for death from cancer based on pathology of cystectomy specimens. Patients at high risk are potential candidates for intensive adjuvant therapy including clinical trials. (Source: BJU International)

Urothelial bladder carcinoma in young patients is characterized by a relatively good prognosis.

Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions. Pathological characteristics of UBC are dependent on the patients' age. Being a very rare condition, UBC in young patients is characterized by a relatively good prognosis. PMID: 22283443 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences)

What is the evidence for radical surgery in the management of localized embryonal bladder/prostate rhabdomyosarcoma?

Pediatric Blood and Cancer — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:58:06 +0100

AbstractAs survival outcomes for bladder/prostate rhabdomyosarcoma have improved over the last 40 years, the emphasis has shifted to minimizing treatment related morbidity. We undertook a critical review of the current literature to examine the role of radical pelvic surgery to achieve local control. We illustrate that there appears to be no difference in overall survival or event free survival when comparing differing modalities utilized in local disease control, microscopic disease clearance does not correlate with improved outcomes, and the morbidity associated with radical surgery for BP RMS is significantly greater than for a conservative method of local control. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer)

Hypofractionated radiotherapy as local hemostatic agent in advanced cancer

Indian Journal of Palliative Care — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion : Of 25 patients, 22 (88%) responded, and there was complete cessation of bleeding. Both 15 Gray and 20 Gray dose schedule had equal efficacy. Treatment was well tolerated without any intermission. Radiotherapy is a safe and effective option in controlling tumor bleeding. (Source: Indian Journal of Palliative Care)

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[Advanced bladder cancer in elderly patients : Prognostic outcomes and therapeutic strategies.]

Der Urologe. Ausg. A — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: In adequately selected elderly patients, radical cystectomy and urinary diversion as well as systemic chemotherapy are feasible, safe and efficacious treatment options for advanced UCB. PMID: 22282102 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Der Urologe. Ausg. A)

A case-control study of polymorphisms in xenobiotic and arsenic metabolism genes and arsenic-related bladder cancer in New Hampshire.

Toxicology Letters — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lesseur C, Gilbert-Diamond D, Andrew AS, Ekstrom RM, Li Z, Kelsey KT, Marsit CJ, Karagas MR Abstract Arsenic is associated with bladder cancer risk even at low exposure levels. Genetic variation in enzymes involved in xenobiotic and arsenic metabolism may modulate individual susceptibility to arsenic-related bladder cancer. Through a population-based case-control study in NH (832 cases and 1191 controls), we investigated gene-environment interactions between arsenic metabolic gene polymorphisms and arsenic exposure in relation to bladder cancer risk. Toenail arsenic concentrations were used to classify subjects into low and high exposure groups. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in GSTP1, GSTO2, GSTZ1, AQP3, AS3MT and the deletion status of GSTM1 and GSTT1 were determ...

Actos Bladder Cancer Lawsuits Consolidated before Federal Judge

PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 06:33:34 +0100

Leading litigation firm gears up to take on manufacturer of popular diabetes drug.(PRWeb January 25, 2012)Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/2012/1/prweb9134460.htm (Source: PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals)

US Drug Watchdog Now Urges Diabetics Living with Bladder Cancer To...

PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 06:33:34 +0100

The US Drug Watchdog says, "It is hard for us to even comprehend the damages associated with diabetics, who were using the diabetes drug called Actos, and then developed bladder cancer, but we...(PRWeb January 24, 2012)Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/2012/1/prweb9123733.htm (Source: PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals)

The genome of a blood fluke associated with human cancer

Nature Genetics — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Makedonka Mitreva The sequencing of the genome and transcriptome of Schistosoma haematobium, a highly prevalent blood fluke and human parasite with a proven link to malignant bladder cancer, marks the 160th anniversary of its discovery as the first schistosome known to infect humans. Comparative genomic analyses of S. haematobium and the more prevalent human-schistosomiasis pathogens (Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma japonicum) identified both shared and distinct genomic features. (Source: Nature Genetics)

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[Treatment of bladder cancer : Value of radical prostate-sparing cystectomy.]

Der Urologe. Ausg. A — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

[Treatment of bladder cancer : Value of radical prostate-sparing cystectomy.] Urologe A. 2012 Jan 27; Authors: Heidenreich A, Porres D, Pfister D Abstract In the management of muscle-invasive bladder cancer, prostate-sparing cystectomy represents a surgical alternative to radical cystoprostatectomy with equivalent oncological and improved functional results. Patient selection for prostate-sparing cystectomy is very critical and men with pT1 high-grade or solitary pT2 urothelial cancer without multifocal CIS and bladder neck involvement appear to be the most appropriate candidates. Stromal invasion of the prostate and accompanying clinically significant prostate cancer must be ruled out by appropriate diagnostic maneuvers. Considering the above-mentioned selection criteria, ...

Intravesical gemcitabine for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 08:18:08 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: A single dose immediately following surgery is ineffective based on one study. Gemcitabine may be more active than mitomycin C with a lower toxicity profile. Compared to intravesical BCG therapy, gemcitabine had similar effects in intermediate risk patients, less effective in high risk patient and superior in BCG refractory patients. However, each randomised trial identified represents a different clinical setting in NMIBC and therefore the evidence base is limited. Consequently these data should be interpreted with caution until further corroborative evidence becomes available. The aim of intravesical therapy in NMIBC is to prevent tumour recurrence and progression and to avoid the morbidity associated with cystectomy. Intravesical gemcitabine is a promising drug that may add...

High‐grade bladder cancer: Association of the apparent diffusion coefficient with metastatic disease: Preliminary results

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion:In this preliminary study, ADC was significantly different between cases of high‐grade urothelial carcinoma of the bladder with and without metastatic disease. These results may have value in assessing the metastatic potential of patients with localized high‐grade tumors of the bladder. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2012;. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

Fibroblast growth factor receptor-3 in urothelial tumorigenesis☆

Urologic Oncology — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Iyer G, Milowsky MI Abstract Fibroblast growth factor receptor-3 (FGFR3) is a receptor tyrosine kinase implicated in the tumorigenesis of multiple malignancies, including bladder and other urothelial cancers, multiple myeloma, and cervical cancer. In urothelial carcinoma (UC), constitutive receptor activation occurs most commonly through substitution of a wild-type residue with cysteine in the extracellular domain of FGFR3, thereby resulting in dimerization (through disulfide bridge formation) and subsequent stimulation of tyrosine kinase activity. Activating mutations of FGFR3 have been observed in up to 70% of non-muscle-invasive bladder tumors, while overexpression of a wild-type receptor, found in approximately 40% of tumors, has been correlated with more invasive dise...

Major Annoucement on Kidney Cancer Vaccine

Kidney Cancer Association — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 22:27:31 +0100

Roswell Park Launches Landmark Immunotherapy Vaccine Trial [Read More] The ability to stretch out the attack for a long-term, durable response suggests that the vaccine may be effective in preventing disease recurrence. The new NY-ESO-1 dendritic cell vaccine is expected to show great promise in patients with bladder, brain, breast, esophageal, gastrointestinal, hepatocellular, kidney, lung, melanoma, ovarian, prostate, sarcoma and uterine tumors. 01/24/2012 (Source: Kidney Cancer Association)

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Arsenic cancer risk still high decades later in Chile region

Reuters: Health — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 18:39:34 +0100

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - People exposed to very high levels of arsenic in Chilean drinking water back in the 1950s and 60s are still showing a higher-than-normal risk of bladder cancer -- years after the arsenic problem was brought under control, a new study shows. (Source: Reuters: Health)

Dietary cholesterol intake and cancer

Annals of Oncology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Our findings add to the evidence that high cholesterol intake is linked to increased risk of various cancers. A diet low in cholesterol may play a role in the prevention of several cancers. (Source: Annals of Oncology)

Salvage prostatectomy post-definitive radiation therapy: The Vancouver experience.

Canadian Urological Association Journal — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: This is the first Canadian centre to report that salvage prostatectomy can be performed with favourable oncological and functional outcomes. PMID: 22277631 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Canadian Urological Association Journal)

The Cardiovascular Effects of Peroxisome Proliferator-activated Receptor Agonists

The American Journal of Medicine — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 23:44:59 +0100

Abstract: Although peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists are prescribed to improve cardiovascular risk factors, their cardiovascular safety is controversial. We therefore reviewed the literature to identify landmark randomized controlled trials evaluating the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma agonists (pioglitazone and rosiglitazone), alpha agonists (fenofibrate and gemfibrozil), and pan agonists (bezafibrate, muraglitazar, ragaglitazar, tesaglitazar, and aleglitazar) on cardiovascular outcomes. Pioglitazone may modestly reduce cardiovascular events but also may increase the risk of bladder cancer. Rosiglitazone increases the risk of myocardial infarction and has been withdrawn in European and restricted in the United States. Fibrates improve cardiov...

CT scans have no influence on clinical decisions in bladder cancer treatment

MedWire News - Urology — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 12:58:34 +0100

Multi-detector row computerized tomography has a low accuracy in predicting the correct tumor and nodal stage in bladder cancer patients, report researchers. (Source: MedWire News - Urology)

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Anterior suspension combined with posterior reconstruction during robot‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy improves early return of urinary continence: a prospective randomized multicentre trial

BJU International — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 12:35:36 +0100

CONCLUSION• Anterior suspension associated with posterior reconstruction during RALP improved the early return of continence, without increasing complications. (Source: BJU International)

The US Drug Watchdog Now Urges Family Members of Diabetics Who Now...

PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 05:56:11 +0100

The US Drug Watchdog says, "We think diabetics using the diabetes drug called Actos, who then developed bladder cancer may become one of our group's more important drug initiatives ever. We...(PRWeb January 18, 2012)Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/2012/1/prweb9107853.htm (Source: PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals)

Genetic Code Cracked For A Devastating Blood Parasite

Health News from Medical News Today — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 08:00:00 +0100

Scientists have cracked the genetic code and predicted some high priority drug targets for the blood parasite Schistosoma haematobium, which is linked to bladder cancer and HIV/ AIDS and causes the insidious urogenital disease schistosomiasis haematobia in more than 112 million people in Africa. Schistomiasis is recognised by the World Health Organization as one of the most socioeconomically devastating diseases, besides malaria, and is in urgent need of extensive research and improved control... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

SPCs for pioglitazone containing medicines Actos and Competact updated to include bladder cancer wording

NeLM - News — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Source: Takeda UK Ltd Area: News There has been an update to the SPCs for pioglitazone containing medicines Actos and Competact to include bladder cancer wording. The previously available version of the Actos (dated 31 August 2010) and Competact (27 May 201) SPCs have been withdrawn from use with immediate effect. The updated SPCs also contain additional information in several sections- see link to letter from Takeda. (Source: NeLM - News)

Major Urologic Surgical Procedures in Locally Advanced Colorectal Cancers.

Actas Urologicas Espanolas — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Since the most important eventual effects of locally advanced colorectal cancer are on the kidneys from the urological point of view; the aim of an urologist, as a member of surgical team, should be preserving renal function in addition to helping complete removal of the tumor. PMID: 22266254 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Actas Urologicas Espanolas)

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Long non-coding RNA UCA1 regulated cell cycle distribution via CREB through PI3-K dependent pathway in bladder carcinoma cells.

Gene — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Yang C, Li X, Wang Y, Zhao L, Chen W Abstract Long non-coding RNA urothelial carcinoma associated 1 (UCA1) promotes human bladder cancer cell proliferation, but the underlying mechanism remains unknown. After knocking down of UCA1 in BLZ-211 cells, several cell cycle-related genes (CDKN2B, EP300 and TGFβ-2) were screened by microarray assay and validated by real-time PCR. Interestingly, in western blot analysis, p300 (encoded by EP300) and its coactivator cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB) level were significantly down-regulated. Both suppression of UCA1 expression by shRNA in BLZ-211 cells and ectopic expression of UCA1 in UMUC-2 cells showed that UCA1 alteration paralleled to the expression and phosphorylation of CREB, and UCA1 obviously influenced AKT express...

Serum prolidase activity, oxidative stress, and nitric oxide levels in patients with bladder cancer

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 06:53:37 +0100

Conclusions Our results show that increased prolidase seems to be associated with increased NO levels and oxidative stress along with decreased antioxidant levels in bladder cancer. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s00432-011-1136-4Authors Ilhan Gecit, Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, TurkeyMehmet Aslan, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Yuzuncu Yil University, 65400 Van, TurkeyMustafa Gunes, Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, TurkeyNecip Pirincci, Department of Urology, Medical Faculty, Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, TurkeyRamazan Esen, Department of Internal Medicine, Medical Faculty, Yuzuncu Yil University, 65400 Van, TurkeyHalit Demir, Depa...

Intake of red meat and heterocyclic amines, metabolic pathway genes, and bladder cancer risk

International Journal of Cancer — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractWe analyzed the association between meat intake, heterocyclic amines (HCAs) and bladder cancer (BC) risk in a large case‐control study comprised of 884 BC cases and 878 healthy controls, recruited from 1999 to 2009. Epidemiologic and dietary data were collected via an in‐person interview. Compared to the lowest quartile of red meat intake, the odds ratios (ORs) for the second, third and fourth quartiles were 1.17 (95% CI= 0.87 to1.58), 1.47 (95% CI= 1.09 to1.99), and 1.95 (95% CI=1.41 to 2.68), respectively (P‐for trend <0.001). In a subset of participants with intakes of heterocyclic amines (HCAs) available, compared to those with the lowest quartile of intake, the ORs for the second, third, and fourth quartiles were 1.47 (95% CI= 0.60 to 3.64), 2.58 (95% CI=1.09 to 6.11)...

Urothelial carcinoma of bladder having rhabdoid differentiation with isolated scapular metastasis

Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Sunil Pasricha, Ather Hafiz, Jatin S Gandhi, Anurag MehtaJournal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics 2011 7(4):486-488 (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)

Primary mixed small cell neuroendocrine-adenocarcinoma of the urinary bladder

Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Neha Singh, Nita Khurana, Meeta Singh, Prerna AroraJournal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics 2011 7(4):493-496 (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)

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Cigarette smoking extract causes hypermethylation and inactivation of WWOX gene in T-24 human bladder cancer cells.

Neoplasma — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 04:30:02 +0100

Authors: Yang W, Cui S, Ma J, Lu Q, Kong C, Liu T, Sun Z Abstract Genomic, epigenetic and expression alterations of WW domain containing oxidoreductase (WWOX) have been implicated in multiple tumor types. The current study was designed to examine the expression of WWOX in tumor tissues of human bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC) and the influence of cigarette smoke extract (CSE) on WWOX expression and methylation status in T-24 bladder cancer cells. WWOX protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry staining in a series of tumor samples from 78 patients with BTCC and 26 normal bladder tissues. The expression level and methylation status of WWOX in CSE-treated cells were examined by using quantitative Real-Time RT-PCR and methylation specific PCR, respectively. ...

Bladder Cancer Marker Identified By Computer Algorithm

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 08:00:00 +0100

Researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine have used an innovative mathematical technique to find markers that effectively predict how deadly a cancer will be. The discovery, which in this case concerned bladder cancer, could lead to faster, less expensive and more accurate analysis of cancer risk and better treatment of the disease. The findings were published online in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

p53 Status in Locally Advanced Bladder Cancer [CORRESPONDENCE]

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

FDA Approves Voraxaze To Treat Patients With Chemotherapy Toxicity

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 01:00:00 +0100

Voraxaze is an enzyme that rapidly breaks down the chemotherapy drug methotrexate to a byproduct that the body can more easily eliminate. Voraxaze is given intravenously. Methotrexate was developed in the 1950s as a chemotherapy and is used either alone or in combination with other drugs. It is effective for the treatment of a number of cancers including: breast, head and neck, leukemia, lymphoma, lung, osteosarcoma, bladder, and trophoblastic neoplasms... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

CT scans have no influence on clinical decisions in bladder cancer treatment

MedWire News - Oncology — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Multi-detector row computerized tomography has a low accuracy in predicting the correct tumor and nodal stage in bladder cancer patients, report researchers. (Source: MedWire News - Oncology)

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A study of segment weight optimization with the CMS XiO step-and-shoot IMRT technique for prostate cancer.

Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 11:30:03 +0100

This study shows that the segment weight optimization method significantly reduces the total number of segments and the dose to the rectum for IMRT prostate cancer. It also resulted in fewer monitor units for most of the prostate cases observed in this study. PMID: 22231214 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics)

Laparoscopic radical cystectomy for bladder cancer with prostatic and neurovascular sparing: initial experience

International Urology and Nephrology — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 07:17:24 +0100

Conclusion The laparoscopic radical cystectomy with a partial prostate preservation offers the advantages of a high continence, minimal impairment of erectile function, and low recurrence rate. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Urology – Original PaperPages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s11255-011-0121-9Authors Xin Gou, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 ChinaMing Wang, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 ChinaWei-yang He, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 ChinaCao-Dong Liu, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016 Chin...

Post-operative infection and prophylactic antibiotic administration after radical cystectomy with orthotopic neobladder urinary diversion

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 07:05:05 +0100

In conclusion, our data showed that PAA with TAZ/PIPC with a shorter duration PAA (within 72 h) might be recommended for radical cystectomy with orthotopic neobladder reconstruction. A prospective study based on our data is desirable to establish or revise guidelines for prophylactic medication for preventing post-operative infection after radical cystectomy with orthotopic neobladder urinary diversion. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s10156-011-0360-9Authors Katsumi Shigemura, Department of Urology, Shinko Hospital, 1-4-47 Wakihama-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 651-0072, JapanKazushi Tanaka, Division of Urology, Department of Organs Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, 650-0017 JapanMinor...

Stanford computer algorithm used to identify bladder cancer marker

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Stanford University Medical Center) Researchers at the Stanford University School of Medicine have used an innovative mathematical technique to find markers that effectively predict how deadly a cancer will be. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Genetic code cracked for a devastating blood parasite

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(University of Melbourne) Scientists have cracked the genetic code and predicted some high priority drug targets for the blood parasite Schistosoma haematobium, which is linked to bladder cancer and HIV/ AIDS and causes the insidious urogenital disease schistosomiasis haematobia in more than 112 million people in Africa. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

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Chronic dietary toxicity and carcinogenicity study with potassium perfluorooctanesulfonate in Sprague Dawley rats.

Toxicology — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Butenhoff JL, Chang SC, Olsen GW, Thomford PJ Abstract To investigate toxicity and neoplastic potential from chronic exposure to PFOS, a two-year toxicity and cancer bioassay was conducted with potassium PFOS (K(+)PFOS) in male and female Sprague Dawley rats via dietary exposure at nominal K(+)PFOS concentrations of 0, 0.5, 2, 5, and 20μg/g (ppm) diet for up to 104 weeks. Additional groups were fed 20ppm for the first 52 weeks, after which they were fed control diet through study termination (20ppm Recovery groups). Scheduled interim sacrifices occurred on Weeks 4, 14, and 53, with terminal sacrifice between Weeks 103 and 106. K(+)PFOS appeared to be well-tolerated, with some reductions in body weight occurring in treated rats relative to controls over certain study perio...

Whole-genome sequence of Schistosoma haematobium

Nature Genetics — Sun, 15 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Neil D Young, Aaron R Jex, Bo Li, Shiping Liu, Linfeng Yang, Zijun Xiong, Yingrui Li, Cinzia Cantacessi, Ross S Hall, Xun Xu, Fangyuan Chen, Xuan Wu, Adhemar Zerlotini, Guilherme Oliveira, Andreas Hofmann, Guojie Zhang, Xiaodong Fang, Yi Kang, Bronwyn E Campbell, Alex Loukas, Shoba Ranganathan, David Rollinson, Gabriel Rinaldi, Paul J Brindley, Huanming Yang, Jun Wang, Jian Wang & Robin B Gasser Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease caused by blood flukes (genus Schistosoma; schistosomes) and affecting 200 million people worldwide. No vaccines are available, and treatment relies on one drug, praziquantel. Schistosoma haematobium has come into the spotlight as a major cause of urogenital disease, as an agent linked to bladder cancer and as a predisposing factor for HI...

US Drug Watchdog Now Urges Family Members Of Diabetics Who Have Been...

PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals — Sat, 14 Jan 2012 17:41:50 +0100

The US Drug Watchdog says, "We do not think the average bladder cancer victim, who is also a diabetic would ever consider a drug for diabetes could be a contributing factor for bladder cancer, so...(PRWeb January 13, 2012)Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/2012/1/prweb9100585.htm (Source: PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals)

Federal Actos Lawsuits Consolidated In The Western District of...

PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals — Sat, 14 Jan 2012 17:41:50 +0100

Bernstein Liebhard LLP reports that all Actos lawsuits pending in federal courts nationwide alleging that Actos use leads to bladder cancer have been consolidated into a multidistrict litigation.(PRWeb January 11, 2012)Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/actos-lawsuits/consumer-injury-lawyers/prweb9100051.htm (Source: PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals)

US Drug Watchdog Now Urges Diabetics Who Used The Diabetes Drug Actos...

PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals — Sat, 14 Jan 2012 17:41:50 +0100

The US Drug Watchdog is now saying, "We completely underestimated the number of diabetics, who were using the diabetes drug called Actos, and then developed bladder cancer. We are now urging...(PRWeb January 09, 2012)Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/2012/1/prweb9080141.htm (Source: PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals)

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New Software For Analyzing Digital Pathology Separates Malignancy From Background Tissue In Bladder Cancer Test Case

Health News from Medical News Today — Sat, 14 Jan 2012 08:00:00 +0100

As tissue slides are more routinely digitized to aid interpretation, a software program whose design was led by the University of Michigan Health System is proving its utility. In a new study, a program known as Spatially Invariant Vector Quantization (SIVQ) was able to separate malignancy from background tissue in digital slides of micropapillary urothelial carcinoma, a type of bladder cancer whose features can vary widely from case to case and that presents diagnostic challenges even for experts... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

The Association Between -330T/G Polymorphism of Interleukin 2 Gene and Bladder Cancer

DNA and Cell Biology — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 15:20:36 +0100

DNA and Cell Biology , Vol. 0, No. 0. (Source: DNA and Cell Biology)

Software for analyzing digital pathology images proving its usefulness

ScienceDaily Headlines — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 14:38:38 +0100

As tissue slides are more routinely digitized to aid interpretation, a software program is proving its utility. In bladder cancer test case, a new software tool separates malignancy from background tissue. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)

Bladder cancer trends vary substantially by subtype

MedWire News - Oncology — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 13:20:42 +0100

The overall incidence of bladder cancer has fallen by about 9% in the past 40 years, but while cases of nonpapillary transitional cell carcinoma (NPTCC) have halved, the incidence of papillary transitional cell carcinoma has risen by more than 50%, study findings indicate. (Source: MedWire News - Oncology)

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Increased expression of HMGB1 is associated with poor prognosis in human bladder cancer

Journal of Surgical Oncology — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 13:11:47 +0100

The management of transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) in a European regional renal transplant population

BJU International — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS• Although this is one of the largest European case series of renal transplant patients with TCC, the numbers are small making clear conclusions difficult.• The frequency of TCC in our renal transplant population is low, consistent with previous studies. However, contrary to prior studies, TCC after renal transplantation in this European population was predominantly superficial, low‐grade, non‐progressive and confined to the bladder. Altering immunosuppression regimes in patients with TCC may have a role to play, although further work is required to clarify and substantiate this. (Source: BJU International)

Tapping The Body's Own Defenses, Researchers Look To Cutting-Edge Gene Therapy For Bladder Cancer

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 08:00:00 +0100

Bladder cancer, most frequently caused by smoking and exposure to carcinogens in the workplace, is one of the top 10 most common forms of cancer in men and women in the U.S. More than 70 percent of bladder cancers are diagnosed in stage T1 or less and have not invaded the muscle layer. At these early stages, standard treatment is surgery (transurethral resection) and the burning away of tumors with high energy electricity (fulguration). Many patients also may receive subsequent intravesical chemotherapy because there is often a high-risk for cancer recurrence... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Usefulness and pitfalls of MAA SPECT/CT in identifying digestive extrahepatic uptake when planning liver radioembolization

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 06:42:34 +0100

Conclusion SPECT/CT is more efficacious than planar imaging in identifying digestive extrahepatic uptake sites, with extrahepatic uptake observed in one third of scans using the former procedure. However, more than half of the uptake sites in our study were vascular in nature, without therapeutic implications. The risk of coregistration errors must also be kept in mind. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s00259-011-2033-4Authors Laurence Lenoir, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Comprehensive Cancer Institute Eugène Marquis, CS 44229, 35042 Rennes, FranceJulien Edeline, University of Rennes 1, 35043 Rennes, FranceYann Rolland, Department of Medical Imaging, Comprehensive Cancer Institute Eugène Marquis, CS 44229, 35042 Rennes, ...

Combination of a fusogenic glycoprotein, pro-drug activation and oncolytic HSV as an intravesical therapy for superficial bladder cancer

British Journal of Cancer AOP — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: G R Simpson, A Horvath, N E Annels, T Pencavel, S Metcalf, R Seth, P Peschard, T Price, R S Coffin, H Mostafid, A A Melcher, K J Harrington & H S Pandha (Source: British Journal of Cancer AOP)

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Estrogen receptor β (ERβ) is a novel prognostic marker of recurrence survival in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer potentially by inhibiting cadherin switch

World Journal of Urology — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 17:52:25 +0100

Conclusion ERβ is a prognostic marker of recurrence-free rate in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer, potentially through suppressing cadherin switch, and may act as a potential target for bladder cancer therapy. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00345-011-0819-4Authors Bangmin Han, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, The First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaDi Cui, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, The First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaYifeng Jing, Department of Urology, School of Medicine, The First People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University, S...

Current status of molecular markers for prognostication and outcome in invasive bladder cancer

BJU International — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS• Different molecular markers have the potential to improve prognostication of patients with invasive BC and provide improved evidence for targeted therapy in the neoadjuvant, adjuvant and metastatic setting.• However, in order to advocate their routine clinical use on a sound scientific basis prospective data are still necessary. (Source: BJU International)

Purinergic signalling: Its unpopular beginning, its acceptance and its exciting future

BioEssays — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractAdenosine 5′‐triphosphate (ATP) was identified in 1970 as the transmitter responsible for non‐adrenergic, non‐cholinergic neurotransmission in the gut and bladder and the term ‘purinergic’ was coined. Purinergic cotransmission was proposed in 1976 and ATP is now recognized as a cotransmitter in all nerves in the peripheral and central nervous systems. P1 (adenosine) and P2 (ATP) receptors were distinguished in 1978. Cloning of these receptors in the early 1990s was a turning point in the acceptance of the purinergic signalling hypothesis. There are both short‐term purinergic signalling in neurotransmission, neuromodulation and secretion and long‐term (trophic) purinergic signalling of cell proliferation, differentiation and death in development and regeneration. Muc...

Tapping the body's own defenses, researchers look to cutting-edge gene therapy for bladder cancer

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(University Hospitals Case Medical Center) The prognosis for recurrent cancer is poor, which drives clinician-scientists like William Larchian, M.D., orologic oncologist, University Hospitals Urology Institute at University Hospitals Case Medical Center, and associate professor of surgery, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, and his colleagues to develop an immunotherapy for bladder cancer that will stimulate the body's own natural defense mechanisms to cure the disease and prevent recurrence. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Nuclear Hormone Receptor Signals as New Therapeutic Targets for Urothelial Carcinoma.

Current Cancer Drug Targets — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Miyamoto H, Zheng Y, Izumi K Abstract Unlike prostate and breast cancers, urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder is not yet considered as an endocrine-related neoplasm, and hormonal therapy for bladder cancer remains experimental. Nonetheless, there are increasing amounts of evidence indicating that nuclear hormone receptor signals are implicated in the development and progression of bladder cancer. Androgen-mediated androgen receptor (AR) signals have been convincingly shown to induce bladder tumorigenesis. Androgens also promote the growth of AR-positive bladder cancer cells, although it is controversial whether AR plays a dominant role in bladder cancer progression. Both stimulatory and inhibitory functions of estrogen receptor signals in bladder cancer have been r...

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The role of TG2 in ECV304-related vasculogenic mimicry.

Amino Acids — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Jones RA, Wang Z, Dookie S, Griffin M Abstract Tumour vasculogenesis can occur by a process referred to as vasculogenic mimicry, whereby the vascular structures are derived from the tumour itself. These tumours are highly aggressive and do not respond well to anti-angiogenic therapy. Here, we use the well characterised ECV304 cell line, now known as the bladder cancer epithelial cell line T24/83 which shows both epithelial and endothelial characteristics, as a model of in vitro vasculogenic mimicry. Using optimised ratios of co-cultures of ECV304 and C378 human fibroblasts, tubular structures were identifiable after 8 days. The tubular structures showed high levels of TG2 antigen and TG in situ activity. Tubular structures and in situ activity could be blocked either by s...

Primary Metastatic Neuroendocrine Small Cell Bladder Cancer: A Case Report and Literature Review

Urologia Internationalis : Last 20 articles — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 23:00:00 +0100

Urol Int (DOI:10.1159/000335141) (Source: Urologia Internationalis : Last 20 articles)

Cucurbitacin E Induces G2/M Phase Arrest through STAT3/p53/p21 Signaling and Provokes Apoptosis via Fas/CD95 and Mitochondria-Dependent Pathways in Human Bladder Cancer T24 Cells

Comparative and Functional Genomics — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 18:04:58 +0100

Cucurbitacin E, a tetracyclic triterpenes compound extracted from cucurbitaceous plants, has been shown to exhibit anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. The purpose of this study was to elucidate whether cucurbitacin E promotes cell cycle arrest and induces apoptosis in T24 cells and further to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. The effects of cucurbitacin E on T24 cell's growth and accompanied morphological changes were examined by MTT assay and a phase-contrast microscope. DNA content, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and annexin V/PI staining were determined by flow cytometry. The protein levels were measured by Western blotting. Our results demonstrated that cucurbitacin E-induced G2/M arrest was associated with a marked increase in the levels o...

Bladder Cancer - Differentiate Between Types When Conducting Studies, Researchers Urged

Health News from Medical News Today — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 17:00:00 +0100

According to a detailed trends examination there are considerable differences between the main subtypes of bladder cancer. Due to this, investigators are being asked to make a distinction between both types of the disease when they conduct studies. In the January edition of the urology journal BJUI, a large investigation of almost 128,000 cases of bladder cancer in the U.S., revealed that the disease showed a 9% overall decrease between 1973 and 2007... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Risk of Subsequent Primary Thyroid Cancer after Another Malignancy: Latency Trends in a Population-based Study

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 16:43:43 +0100

Conclusions Many common cancers are associated with increased risk of SPTC beyond 12 months of initial diagnosis. Although this can be explained partly by continued surveillance bias, radiation effects, and known rare familial associations for some tumors, these factors alone are unlikely to explain the persistent, significant two-way association with renal and breast cancers. Additional research is needed to further define the biological and environmental mechanisms underlying these associations. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Endocrine TumorsPages 1-10DOI 10.1245/s10434-011-2193-2Authors Geeta Lal, Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USAMegan Groff, Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clin...

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Major Variation In Bladder Cancer Subtype Trends Highlights Need For Focused Research

Health News from Medical News Today — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 08:00:00 +0100

Researchers are being urged to differentiate between two types of bladder cancer when they carry out studies, after a detailed trends analysis revealed significant differences between the main subtypes of the disease. A major study of nearly 128,000 American bladder cancer cases, published in the January edition of the urology journal BJUI, shows that bladder cancer rates showed a 9% overall decrease between 1973 and 2007... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Combination of a novel gene expression signature with a clinical nomogram improves the prediction of survival in high-risk bladder cancer.

Clinical Cancer Research — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Prognostic information obtained from gene expression data can aid in post-treatment prediction of bladder cancer recurrence. Our findings require further validation in external cohorts and prospectively in a clinical trial setting. PMID: 22228636 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Cancer Research)

Major Variation In Bladder Cancer Subtype Trends Highlights Need For Focused Research

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 09:00:00 +0100

Expression of androgen and oestrogen receptors and its prognostic significance in urothelial neoplasm of the urinary bladder

BJU International — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS• Compared to benign bladders, a significant decrease in the expression of AR, ERα or ERβ in bladder cancer was seen.• Loss of AR or ERα was strongly associated with higher grade/more invasive tumours, whereas ERβ expression was increased in high‐grade/invasive tumours and predicted a worse prognosis. (Source: BJU International)

Antitumor effects of bladder cancer-specific adenovirus carrying E1A-androgen receptor in bladder cancer

Gene Therapy — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Z Zhai, Z Wang, S Fu, J Lu, F Wang, R Li, H Zhang, S Li, Z Hou, H Wang & R Rodriguez (Source: Gene Therapy)

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A novel role of Id-1 in regulation of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in bladder cancer.

Urologic Oncology — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that Id-1 may play roles in tumor progression and EMT activation in bladder cancer. PMID: 22226665 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Urologic Oncology)

Major variation in bladder cancer subtype trends highlights need for focused research

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Wiley-Blackwell) A major Yale University study of 128,000 patients has found significant differences between the most common cancer tumors growing inside and on the surface of the bladder. Papillary transitional cell carcinoma rose by 56 percent between 1973 and 2007 and non-papillary transitional cell carcinoma fell by 53 percent over the same period, suggesting that they may be two disease entities with different causes. This significant finding underlines the importance of future research differentiating between these two subtypes. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Accelerated methotrexate, vinblastine, doxorubicin, and cisplatin (MVAC) as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for patients with muscle‐invasive transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder

Cancer — Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:AMVAC is safe and appears to be a well‐tolerated and effective NAC regimen for MIBC. It minimizes delays to definitive treatment and produces excellent pathological and radiological response rates. It is an appropriate comparator for future randomized trials. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)

Low circulating serum levels of second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (Smac/DIABLO) in patients with bladder cancer.

International Journal of Oncology — Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Low circulating serum levels of second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (Smac/DIABLO) in patients with bladder cancer. Int J Oncol. 2012 Jan 3; Authors: Mizutani Y, Katsuoka Y, Bonavida B Abstract Smac/DIABLO promotes apoptosis by antagonizing inhibitor of apoptosis proteins. The expression of Smac/DIABLO in tissues has been reported in various cancers; however, little is known about circulating levels of Smac/DIABLO. The present study was designed to first determine if Smac/DIABLO can be detected in the serum and then assess whether the circulating levels of Smac/DIABLO are of prognostic significance in patients with bladder cancer. The levels of Smac/DIABLO in the sera of 173 patients with bladder cancer and 36 normal don...

Investigating the relationship between virtual cystoscopy image quality and CT slice thickness.

The British Journal of Radiology — Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: A slice thickness reconstruction less than 1.2 mm does not provide for better image quality at VC due to the presence of increased noise. PMID: 22215882 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Radiology)

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Multiplexed quantification of 63 proteins in human urine by multiple reaction monitoring-based mass spectrometry for discovery of potential bladder cancer biomarkers.

Journal of Proteomics — Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Genome regulations and Genetic diversity. PMID: 22236518 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Proteomics)

US Drug Watchdog Now Calls Its Initiative For Diabetics Who Used The...

PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:58:36 +0100

The US Drug Watchdog says, "We are calling our Actos Initiative for diabetics, who used the diabetes drug called Actos, and then developed bladder cancer, one of our most important initiatives...(PRWeb December 30, 2011)Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/2011/12/prweb9067049.htm (Source: PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals)

[Comment] Hypofractionated radiotherapy for prostate cancer

The Lancet Oncology — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In radiobiology, the α-β ratio, defined as the dose at which killing of cells by linear (α) and quadratic (β) components are equal, is used to quantify the fractionation sensitivity of tissues and tumours. With data from low-dose-rate brachytherapy and external-beam radiotherapy series, Brenner and Hall were the first to report a low α-β ratio of 1·5 for prostate cancer; many investigators have since recorded similar values (lower than those of surrounding normal tissues, such as the rectum and bladder). (Source: The Lancet Oncology)

Commentary on “Surgery-related complications of robot-assisted radical cystectomy with intracorporeal urinary diversion.” Schumacher MC, Jonsson MN, Hosseini A, Nyberg T, Poulakis V, Pardalidis NP, John H, Wiklund PN, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Division of Urology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden: Urology 2011;77:871–6

Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

To assess the surgery-related complications at robot-assisted radical cystectomy with total intracorporeal urinary diversion during our learning curve in treating 45 patients with bladder cancer. (Source: Urologic Oncology: Seminars and Original Investigations)

Squamous cell carcinoma in exstrophic unreconstructed urinary bladder in an adult.

Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

We report a rare case of squamous cell carcinoma occurring in exstrophic unreconstructed bladder in a 58-year-old male patient. PMID: 22237233 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation)

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American Brachytherapy Society consensus guidelines for interstitial brachytherapy for vaginal cancer

Brachytherapy — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Recommendations are made for interstitial brachytherapy for vaginal cancer and recurrent disease in the vagina. Practitioners and cooperative groups are encouraged to use these recommendations to formulate treatment and dose-reporting policies. Such a process will result in meaningful outcome comparisons, promote technical advances, and lead to appropriate utilization of these techniques. (Source: Brachytherapy)

Bladder Cancer Treatment: Optimize, Don't Compromise

Cancer Network — Sat, 31 Dec 2011 12:00:00 +0100

Patient selection based on a much more comprehensive biologic assessment of both host and tumor is likely the key to further advances in the treatment of all bladder cancer patients. Until such time, there can be no compromise in the careful application of the rigorous therapy required to optimize outcomes. (Source: Cancer Network)

Challenges in the Modern Treatment of Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer

Cancer Network — Sat, 31 Dec 2011 12:00:00 +0100

Still missing in our treatment of bladder cancer are the tools to accurately predict response to a specific therapy, whether it be chemotherapy, radiation, or transurethral resection alone. Once we have these tools, we will be well on our way to applying a more intelligent, true personalized medicine approach to the treatment of this disease. (Source: Cancer Network)

Contemporary Management of Locally Invasive Bladder Cancer

Cancer Network — Sat, 31 Dec 2011 12:00:00 +0100

Muscle-invasive bladder cancer is an aggressive and potentially lethal disease. Integration of multimodal therapies, improved surgical techniques, and utilization of targeted agents has tremendously improved outcomes. (Source: Cancer Network)

N-Succinimidyl 4-[(18)F]-fluoromethylbenzoate-labeled dimeric RGD peptide for imaging tumor integrin expression.

Amino Acids — Sat, 31 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, N-succinimidyl 4-[(18)F]-fluoromethylbenzoate ([(18)F]SFMB) prosthetic group can be a good alternative for labeling RGD peptides to image αvβ3 integrin expression and for labeling other peptides. PMID: 22209865 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Amino Acids)

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Editorial Comment

Urology — Thu, 29 Dec 2011 05:43:46 +0100

The causative relationship between cigarette smoking and bladder cancer, although well known to urologists and oncologists, may be unrecognized by urology patients. Even in this study's relatively well-educated, young, and motivated patients seeking care at a tertiary referral center, 15% were unaware of the connection between smoking and bladder cancer, and more than one half of current smokers continued to smoke despite being informed of this association. (Source: Urology)

US Drug Watchdog Now Urges Family Members Of Diabetics Who Have Been...

PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 22:31:00 +0100

The US Drug Watchdog says, "We are now urging family members, or loved ones of diabetics, who have been diagnosed with bladder cancer, to ask if they were using the diabetes drug called Actos....(PRWeb December 27, 2011)Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/2011/12/prweb9062556.htm (Source: PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals)

MicroRNA-1826 targets VEGFC, beta-catenin (CTNNB1) and MEK1 (MAP2K1) in human bladder cancer

Carcinogenesis — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, our data suggest that the miR-1826 plays an important role as tumor suppressor via CTNNB1/MEK1/VEGFC downregulation in BC. (Source: Carcinogenesis)

Mutational activation of FGFR3: no involvement in the development of renal cell carcinoma

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 17:02:39 +0100

Conclusion Our results argue against an involvement of mutational activation of FGFR3 in the development of RCC. A recently described cystic renal dysplasia in a patient with thanatophoric dysplasia type 1 due to a germ line FGFR3 mutation might portend to an involvement of mutational FGFR3 activation in renal cyst formation, but this speculation needs further evaluation. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Rapid CommunicationPages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s00432-011-1130-xAuthors C. G. Stoehr, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyR. Stoehr, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyA. Hartmann, Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, GermanyF. Hofstaedter, Institute of Pathology, Universi...

Survival disparities by Medicaid status

Cancer — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:Medicaid status was associated with unfavorable survival, even after adjusting for confounders. The findings reflect the vulnerability of Medicaid beneficiaries and possible inadequacies in the process of care. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)

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Isolinderanolide B, a Butanolide Extracted From the Stems of Cinnamomum subavenium, Inhibits Proliferation of T24 Human Bladder Cancer Cells by Blocking Cell Cycle Progression and Inducing Apoptosis

Integrative Cancer Therapies — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

This study reports the novel finding that the induction of p21 Waf1/Cip1 and activity of the Fas/mFas ligand apoptotic system may participate in the antiproliferative activity of IOB in T24 cells. (Source: Integrative Cancer Therapies)

Carboplatin–gemcitabine combination chemotherapy upregulates AKR1B10 expression in bladder cancer

International Journal of Clinical Oncology — Mon, 26 Dec 2011 06:32:41 +0100

Conclusions Although the present study is small and preliminary, our data suggest that post-chemotherapy AKR1B10 expression may be associated with a poor prognosis in patients who received carboplatin–gemcitabine combination chemotherapy and underwent cystectomy. Further study is warranted to elucidate its clinical significance. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s10147-011-0363-7Authors Yasuhiro Hashimoto, Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifucyo, Hirosaki, 036-8243 JapanKengo Imanishi, Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaifucyo, Hirosaki, 036-8243 JapanNoriko Tokui, Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5 Zaif...

Staging of muscle-invasive bladder cancer: can computerized tomography help us to decide on local treatment?

World Journal of Urology — Sat, 24 Dec 2011 06:41:41 +0100

Conclusions MDCT as a preoperative staging procedure has a low accuracy in predicting the correct tumour and nodal stage, and therefore, it has little impact on decision-making for local treatment of muscle-invasive bladder cancer during radical cystectomy. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s00345-011-0817-6Authors Stefan Tritschler, Department of Urology, University Hospital Großhadern, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, GermanyClarissa Mosler, Department of Urology, University Hospital Großhadern, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377 Munich, GermanyJulia Straub, Department of Urology, University Hospital Großhadern, Ludwig Maximilians University of Munic...

Functional polymorphisms in promoter survivin gene and its association with susceptibility to bladder cancer in North Indian cohort.

Molecular Biology Reports — Fri, 23 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Jaiswal PK, Goel A, Mandhani A, Mittal RD Abstract Survivin is a member of novel inhibitor of apoptosis protein family which expressed in human cancers. The molecular detection of bladder cancer by targeting Survivin as a novel marker may be useful in the occurrence and progression of cancer. We genotyped Survivin -31G>C, -1547A>G and -241C>T by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism to evaluate the risk of bladder cancer (BC) in 200 BC patients and 200 healthy controls from North Indian cohort. We observed significant increased BC risk associated with variant CC genotype of Survivin -31G>C having 2.6 fold risk. The variant genotype of Survivin -1547A>G was significantly associated with BC risk (P = 0.047). In case of Survivin -241C>T the protecti...

Med Sci Monit 2012; 18(1):BR47-53 "Chlorin-based photodynamic therapy enhances the effect of tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) in bladder cancer cells"

Medical Science Monitor — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 19:17:00 +0100

Conclusions: PDT with Ce6-PVP photosensitizer enhances the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of TRAIL on bladder cancer cells. The obtained results suggest that combined treatment by TRAIL and PDT may provide the basis for a new therapeutic approach to induce cell death in bladder cancer. (Source: Medical Science Monitor)

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The relationship between basal and squamous cell skin cancer and smoking related cancers

BMC Research Notes — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Individuals with a history of SCC having an increased risk of developing smoking related cancers cancer suggests smoking as a common etiology. The relationship between BCC and smoking-related cancers is less certain. (Source: BMC Research Notes)

Quantitative tissue analyses of prostate cancer foci in an unselected cystoprostatectomy series

BJU International — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION• This detailed morphometric analysis of prostate cancer foci in a population that is free from the selection bias associated with screening can help inform our diagnostic and treatment strategies. (Source: BJU International)

Patterns of Practice in Intensity-modulated Radiation Therapy and Image-guided Radiation Therapy for Prostate Cancer in Japan

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions The results of the survey identified current patterns in the treatment planning and delivery processes of external-beam radiation therapy for prostate cancer in Japan. (Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology)

Alteration in methylation pattern of oncogene Akt1 promoter region in bladder cancer.

Molecular Biology Reports — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

This study aims to investigate the methylation level of Akt1 in bladder cancer tissues and their clinical significance. Methylation of the oncogene Akt1 transcriptional regulation region (TRR) was detected using bisulfite-specific (BSP) PCR-based sequencing analysis in cases of bladder cancer and the normal tissues, including 15 bladder cancer tissues, and five normal bladder tissues. BSP cloning-based sequencing analysis was also performed in selected cases. Clinicopathological data from the cancer patients were collected and analyzed. Analysis of Akt1 gene TRR methylation showed decreased methylation level in bladder cancer than normal. Methylation level of Akt1 has clinical relevance (P = 0.0043 by unpaired student's t test) with bladder cancer. Abnormal methylation of the Akt1 gene m...

Intrauterine device embedded into the bladder wall with stone formation: laparoscopic removal is a minimally invasive alternative to open surgery

International Urogynecology Journal — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 20:08:33 +0100

Abstract Spontaneous perforation of the uterus and intravesical intrauterine device (IUD) is very rare. The treatment options for an intravesical IUD are open surgery or cystoscopic removal. Open surgery has been used generally for the removal of IUDs with formation of big stones or partial penetration of the bladder wall. In this case, we removed an IUD (multiload Cu 375®) with calculus that had sunk deeply into the bladder wall via laparoscopic partial cystectomy. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportPages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s00192-011-1632-8Authors Dong Gil Shin, Department of Urology, Medical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, 1-10 Ami-Dong, Seo-gu, Pusan, 602-739 South KoreaTae Nam Kim, Department of Urology, Medical Research Institute...

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Urinalysis before BCG instillation doesn't cut UTIs afterward

Modern Medicine — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - In patients with bladder cancer, screening urinalysis before bacille Calmette-Gurin (BCG) instillation didn't reduce the rate of urinary tract infection (UTI) afterward, investigators found. (Source: Modern Medicine)

Bladder cancer: A window of opportunity to understand carcinogenesis.

Urologic Oncology — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Loughlin KR Abstract Bladder cancer provides a unique opportunity to apply our knowledge of the molecular biology of the malignancy to its clinical behavior and prognosis. Urologists should apply the increasing fund of basic science knowledge to the clinical management of bladder cancer. PMID: 22196746 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Urologic Oncology)

High expression of polo-like kinase 1 is associated with the metastasis and recurrence in urothelial carcinoma of bladder.

Urologic Oncology — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Plk1 expression status was closely correlated with important histopathologic characteristics (grades and stages) and the recurrence and metastasis of bladder urothelial carcinomas. Furthermore, Plk1 played an important function on the bladder cancer cells' proliferation by regulating the cancer cell cycle from G1/S to G2/M and probably promoted the invasion and metastasis of bladder cancer. PMID: 22192978 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Urologic Oncology)

Bladder cancer

Medicine — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 02:10:11 +0100

Abstract: Bladder cancer is the most frequently occurring tumour of the urinary tract and the eighth-most common cause of cancer death in the UK. Urothelial cell carcinoma of the bladder is characterized by high recurrence rate, pathological progression and poor survival in advanced metastatic disease. Due to the long follow-up period and associated expenses of disease monitoring it is one of the most expensive cancers to manage. Local therapy and surveillance are the mainstays of management of early disease, whilst neoadjuvant chemotherapy, radical surgery and radiotherapy are effective in advanced disease. There remains a great need for effective tumour markers to aid diagnosis, staging, monitoring and predicting prognosis. Novel therapies for advanced metastatic bladder cancer are under...

US Drug Watchdog Initiates New National Outreach Program Designed to...

PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 18:21:41 +0100

The US Drug Watchdog says, "No one would ever consider the possibility of a drug used for diabetes could also be related to elevated cases of bladder cancer. Unfortunately, the use of Actos for...(PRWeb December 19, 2011)Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/2011/12/prweb9050997.htm (Source: PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals)

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Re: International Phase III Trial Assessing Neoadjuvant Cisplatin, Methotrexate, and Vinblastine Chemotherapy for Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Long-Term Results of the BA06 30894 Trial

The Journal of Urology — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

International Collaboration of Trialists; Medical Research Council Advanced Bladder Cancer Working Party (now the National Cancer Research Institute Bladder Cancer Clinical Studies Group); European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer Genito-Urinary Tract Cancer Group; Australian Bladder Cancer Study Group; National Cancer Institute of Canada Clinical Trials Group; Finnbladder; Norwegian Bladder Cancer Study Group, and Club Urologico Espanol de Tratamiento Oncologico Group; G. Griffiths, R. Hall, R. Sylvester, D. Raghavan and M. K. Parmar (Source: The Journal of Urology)

Re: Bladder Preservation Multimodality Therapy as an Alternative to Radical Cystectomy for Treatment of Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

The Journal of Urology — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

A. M. Maarouf, S. Khalil, E. A. Salem, M. El Adl, N. Nawar and F. Zaiton Department of Urology, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt (Source: The Journal of Urology)

Re: Surgery-Related Complications of Robot-Assisted Radical Cystectomy With Intracorporeal Urinary Diversion

The Journal of Urology — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

M. C. Schumacher, M. N. Jonsson, A. Hosseini, T. Nyberg, V. Poulakis, N. P. Pardalidis, H. John and P. N. Wiklund Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Division of Urology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden (Source: The Journal of Urology)

Re: Readaptation of the Peritoneum Following Extended Pelvic Lymphadenectomy and Cystectomy has a Significant Beneficial Impact on Early Postoperative Recovery and Complications: Results of a Prospective Randomized Trial

The Journal of Urology — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

B. Roth, F. D. Birkhäuser, P. Zehnder, F. C. Burkhard, G. N. Thalmann and U. E. Studer Department of Urology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland (Source: The Journal of Urology)

Role of CYP1B1 Gene Polymorphisms in Bladder Cancer Susceptibility

The Journal of Urology — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: This study provides strong evidence for the role of common CYP1B1 variants as risk factors for bladder cancer, which increases with occupational exposure. (Source: The Journal of Urology)

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Lactobacilli secreting a tumor antigen and IL15 activates neutrophils and dendritic cells and generates cytotoxic T lymphocytes against cancer cells.

Cellular Immunology — Sun, 18 Dec 2011 12:18:03 +0100

This study evaluates the potential of LGG to induce a directed anti-tumor response. Lactobacilli were modified to secrete the prostate specific antigen (PSA) or IL15 and PSA (IL-15-PSA). Neutrophils and DC were exposed to LGG for 2 h as in clinical therapy for bladder cancer. Recombinant LGG activated neutrophils (elevated MHC class I expression) induced DC maturation (increased expression of CD86, CD80, CD40, MHC II and CD83), T cell proliferation and PSA specific cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) activity. IL15 enhanced direct DC activation of CTL. Thus LGG secreting tumor antigens may activate antigen specific immune responses when instilled intravesically and IL15 could enhance this response. PMID: 21723537 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Cellular Immunology)

Words of Warning and Worry – Tidings of Comfort and Joy -- Terminology that can ratchet up Apprehension

Psychology Today Anxiety Center — Sat, 17 Dec 2011 14:55:11 +0100

The three most dreaded words in the English language?"Internal Revenue Service"That's how a "tax-resolution" firm opens its radio advertisements, pitching to non-filers, delinquent payers; those facing wage garnishment; those threatened with the loss of a business and a home. Pretty scary stuff. Primary Topic: Anxiety read more (Source: Psychology Today Anxiety Center)

Impact of tumour location versus multifocality in patients with upper tract urothelial carcinoma treated with nephroureterectomy and bladder cuff excision: a homogeneous series without perioperative chemotherapy

BJU International — Sat, 17 Dec 2011 01:03:09 +0100

CONCLUSION• Ureteral tumour location, particularly in association with multifocal disease in the renal pelvis, is an independent prognostic factor for higher disease recurrence and cancer‐specific mortality. (Source: BJU International)

Robot‐assisted nerve‐sparing radical cystectomy with bilateral extended pelvic lymph node dissection (PLND) and intracorporeal urinary diversion for bladder cancer: initial experience in 27 cases

BJU International — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS• Bilateral NVB‐sparing RARC with RAPLND and intracorporeal Studer pouch or ileal conduit reconstruction are complex procedures with acceptable morbidity, excellent short‐term surgical and pathological outcomes and satisfactory functional results.• Studies with more patients and longer follow‐ups are required to evaluate the feasibility of these RA totally intracorporeal complex procedures. (Source: BJU International)

Long‐term follow‐up of patients undergoing percutaneous suprapubic tube drainage after robot‐assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP)

BJU International — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS• PST placement after RARP is safe and efficacious on long‐term follow‐up.• Splinting of the urethrovesical anastomosis is not a critical step of RP if a watertight anastomosis and excellent mucosal apposition are achieved. (Source: BJU International)

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Probiotics, dendritic cells and bladder cancer

BJU International — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

What's known on the subject? and What does the study add?The suppressor effect of probiotics on superficial bladder cancer is an observed phenomenon but the specific mechanism is poorly understood. The evidence strongly suggests natural killer (NK) cells are the anti‐tumour effector cells involved and NK cell activity correlates with the observed anti‐tumour effect in mice. It is also known that dendritic cells (DC) cells are responsible for the recruitment and mobilization of NK cells so therefore it may be inferred that DC cells are most likely to be the interphase point at which probiotics act. In support of this, purification of NK cells was associated with a decrease in NK cells activity.The current use of intravesical bacille Calmette‐Guérin in the management of superficial bl...

Second Neoplasm After Treatment of Localized Prostate Cancer.

Actas Urologicas Espanolas — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: The information existing did not make it possible to demonstrated an association between the appearance of STP and therapies for localized PC, it even though there was a superior tendency in irradiated patients. PMID: 22178343 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Actas Urologicas Espanolas)

Polymorphisms of TP53 are markers of bladder cancer vulnerability and prognosis.

Urologic Oncology — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The TP53 codon72 polymorphism appears to play a crucial role in determining the association between TP53 haplotype and the incidence and prognosis of bladder cancer. Further functional assays to confirm whether these TP53 haplotypic variants interact with the proteins N-Myc and NDRG is necessary. PMID: 22178231 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Urologic Oncology)

Relationship between aberrant methylation of FAS promoter and biological behavior of bladder urothelial carcinoma

Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology -- Medical Sciences -- — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 16:45:15 +0100

This study examined the promoter methylation of APO-1/CD95 (Fas) gene in bladder urothelial carcinoma and analyzed the relationship between the Fas promoter methylation and the biological behavior of bladder cancer. Promoter methylation of Fas gene was detected by methylation-specific PCR (MSP) in 4 bladder cancer cell lines, 50 human bladder urothelial carcinoma samples and l0 normal bladder tissue samples. Correlation of the aberrant methylation of Fas promoter with the clinicopathological parameters was statistically analyzed. The results showed that Fas was down-regulated at both mRNA and protein level in bladder cancer cell lines and tissue samples of bladder urothelial carcinoma. The positive rate of Fas protein expression in bladder urothelial carcinoma was 34.0% (17/50), sign...

Boswellia sacra essential oil induces tumor cell-specific apoptosis and suppresses tumor aggressiveness in cultured human breast cancer cells

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Similar to our previous observations in human bladder cancer cells, Boswellia sacra essential oil induces breast cancer cell-specific cytotoxicity. Suppression of cellular network formation and disruption of spheroid development of breast cancer cells by Boswellia sacra essential oil suggest that the essential oil may be effective for treating advanced breast cancer. Consistently, the essential oil represses signaling pathways and cell cycle regulators that have been proposed as therapeutic targets for breast cancer. Future pre-clinical and clinical studies are urgently needed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of Boswellia sacra essential oil as a therapeutic agent for treating breast cancer. (Source: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine)

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The polymorphisms of IL-4, IL-4R and IL-13 genes and bladder cancer risk in a Chinese population: a case-control study.

Molecular Biology Reports — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

In this study, we explored whether polymorphisms (i.e. IL-4 C-590T, IL-4R Ile50Val, IL-4R Ser478Pro, IL-4R Gln551Arg, IL-13 C-1055T and IL-13 Arg130Gln) of IL-4, IL-4R and IL-13 genes predicted Chinese bladder cancer risk in 817 bladder cancer and 1,141 controls. Genotyping was performed by using the TaqMan method. We did not find any overall association between these single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and bladder cancer susceptibility in a Chinese population. However, in the classification and regression tree (CART) analysis, we found that carriers of IL-13 C-1055T variant genotype in smokers had a 2.57-fold increased bladder cancer risk with a 55% patient rate (OR = 2.57; 95% CI = 1.93-3.43), comparing with non-smokers. Similar result was also observed in combination of IL-13 C-1...

Metabolomic Profiling Reveals Potential Markers and Bioprocesses Altered in Bladder Cancer Progression

Cancer Research — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

In this study, we used high-throughput mass spectrometry to measure over 2,000 compounds in 58 clinical specimens, identifying 35 metabolites which exhibited significant changes in bladder cancer. This metabolic signature distinguished both normal and benign bladder from bladder cancer. Exploratory analyses of this metabolomic signature in urine showed promise in distinguishing bladder cancer from controls and also nonmuscle from muscle-invasive bladder cancer. Subsequent enrichment-based bioprocess mapping revealed alterations in phase I/II metabolism and suggested a possible role for DNA methylation in perturbing xenobiotic metabolism in bladder cancer. In particular, we validated tumor-associated hypermethylation in the cytochrome P450 1A1 (CYP1A1) and cytochrome P450 1B1 (CYP1B1) promo...

A Framework to Select Clinically Relevant Cancer Cell Lines for Investigation by Establishing Their Molecular Similarity with Primary Human Cancers

Cancer Research — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Experimental work on human cancer cell lines often does not translate to the clinic. We posit that this is because some cells undergo changes in vitro that no longer make them representative of human tumors. Here, we describe a novel alignment method named Spearman's rank correlation classification method (SRCCM) that measures similarity between cancer cell lines and human tumors via gene expression profiles, for the purpose of selecting lines that are biologically relevant. To show utility, we used SRCCM to assess similarity of 36 bladder cancer lines with 10 epithelial human tumor types (N = 1,630 samples) and with bladder tumors of different stages and grades (N = 144 samples). Although 34 of 36 lines aligned to bladder tumors rather than other histologies, only 16 of 28 had SRCCM assig...

Studies of the Mortality of Atomic Bomb Survivors, Report 14, 1950-2003: An Overview of Cancer and Noncancer Diseases.

Radiation Research — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ozasa K, Shimizu Y, Suyama A, Kasagi F, Soda M, Grant EJ, Sakata R, Sugiyama H, Kodama K Abstract This is the 14th report in a series of periodic general reports on mortality in the Life Span Study (LSS) cohort of atomic bomb survivors followed by the Radiation Effects Research Foundation to investigate the late health effects of the radiation from the atomic bombs. During the period 1950-2003, 58% of the 86,611 LSS cohort members with DS02 dose estimates have died. The 6 years of additional follow-up since the previous report provide substantially more information at longer periods after radiation exposure (17% more cancer deaths), especially among those under age 10 at exposure (58% more deaths). Poisson regression methods were used to investigate the magnitude of the ra...

Using Gene Polymorphisms to Assess Bladder Cancer Risk: Progress and Challenges

The Journal of Urology — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

As of October 31, 2011, a MEDLINE® search of “gene polymorphisms AND bladder cancer risk” yielded 414 publications, all published since 1987. The majority of these papers describe polymorphisms in genes that code various enzymes responsible for metabolism of carcinogens and more recently in DNA repair genes. (Source: The Journal of Urology)

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Interstitial Cystitis—Is it Time to Look Beyond the Bladder?

The Journal of Urology — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Interstitial cystitis (IC) was first described more than 95 years ago as a distinct ulcer seen in the bladder on cystoscopy (ulcerative IC). This was truly a bladder disease that was associated with inflammatory infiltrates on biopsy, and resulted in severe urinary urgency, frequency and pelvic pain. Since that time the definition was expanded to include symptoms of urinary urgency, frequency and pelvic pain without the need for cystoscopic findings. A driving force for this expanded definition came from the pharmaceutical industry. Clinicians were told that for their patients complaining of pelvic pain and urinary symptoms they only had to administer a questionnaire and perhaps instill potassium in the bladder to confirm a diagnosis of IC. This process resulted in millions of patients bei...

Systematic Review of Urological Followup After Spinal Cord Injury

The Journal of Urology — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Based on this review no definitive recommendations for screening can be made except routine renal ultrasound. Urodynamics are an important part of screening but the frequency is unclear. The optimum bladder cancer screening method has not been defined. (Source: The Journal of Urology)

Do We Continue to Unnecessarily Perform Ipsilateral Adrenalectomy at the Time of Radical Nephrectomy? A Population Based Study

The Journal of Urology — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Despite evidence to support preservation of the ipsilateral adrenal gland during radical nephrectomy, the rate of adrenalectomy decreased only slightly in 10 years. Adrenalectomy remains overused in populations that are unlikely to benefit from the procedure. (Source: The Journal of Urology)

Followup of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio and Recurrence of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma

The Journal of Urology — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The posttreatment neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio change was a significant prognostic factor for recurrence as well as tumor size and pathological tumor stage in patients with clear cell renal cell carcinoma. (Source: The Journal of Urology)

Prognostic Value of Microvascular Invasion in Predicting the Cancer Specific Survival and Risk of Metastatic Disease in Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Multicenter Investigation

The Journal of Urology — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Purpose: While microvascular invasion is an accepted risk factor in various cancers, its prognostic role in renal cell carcinoma is still unclear. Therefore, a large multicenter study examining the experience of 5 international institutions was performed to evaluate the prognostic value of microvascular invasion in the occurrence of metastases and cancer specific survival. Materials and Methods: A total of 2,596 patients (475 with microvascular invasion and 2,121 without microvascular invasion) having up to 212 (median 22.4) months of followup were compared for differences in clinicopathological features, occurrence of metastases and cancer specific survival. Results: Patients with microvascular invasion presented with higher age (p = 0.001) and a worse Eastern Cooperative Oncology Gr...

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Renal Function and Oncologic Outcomes of Parenchymal Sparing Ureteral Resection Versus Radical Nephroureterectomy for Upper Tract Urothelial Carcinoma

The Journal of Urology — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Purpose: We compared renal function and oncologic outcomes of parenchymal sparing ureteral resection with radical nephroureterectomy for the treatment of upper tract urothelial carcinoma confined to the ureter. Materials and Methods: Review of a large institutional database identified 367 patients treated for primary upper tract urothelial carcinoma with radical nephroureterectomy or parenchymal sparing ureteral resection from 1994 to 2009. Patients with known renal pelvis tumors, muscle invasive urothelial carcinoma, prior cystectomy, contralateral upper tract urothelial carcinoma, metastatic disease or chemotherapy were excluded, leaving 120 patients for analysis. Estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated using the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation. Recurrence-f...

Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Outcomes in Patients With Bladder Cancer and Asymptomatic Bacteriuria

The Journal of Urology — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: These data suggest that intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin is safe in patients who have asymptomatic bacteriuria and the 2-year disease-free intervals are similar to those of uninfected patients. Such strategy facilitates the timely administration of bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy and avoids the overuse of antibiotics. (Source: The Journal of Urology)

Anti-Angiogenic Effects of the Superantigen Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B and Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Immunotherapy for Nonmuscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

The Journal of Urology — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Bacillus Calmette-Guérin and staphylococcal enterotoxin B showed similar anti-angiogenic effects. Bacillus Calmette-Guérin plus enterotoxin treatment had additional activity compared to that of monotherapy. It was more effective in restoring apoptosis and balancing cellular proliferation, and it correlated with increased endostatin, and decreased vascular endothelial growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase-9, Ki-67 and insulin-like growth factor receptor-1 reactivity. (Source: The Journal of Urology)

Standard Lymph Node Dissection for Bladder Cancer: Significant Variability in the Number of Reported Lymph Nodes

The Journal of Urology — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Purpose: We compared the nodal yield after histopathological examination of extended bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection specimens for bladder cancer at 2 hospitals. Surgery at each hospital was done by the same 4 staff urologists using a standardized extended bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection template. Materials and Methods: All consecutive patients with bladder cancer who underwent extended bilateral pelvic lymph node dissection from January 1, 2007 to December 31, 2009 were included in this study. Specimens were sent for pathological evaluation in a minimum of 2 packages per side. At the 2 pathology departments specimens were processed according to institutional protocols. Results: A total of 174 patients with a mean age of 62.7 years were included in analysis. At hospital ...

Risk Stratification of Organ Confined Bladder Cancer After Radical Cystectomy Using Cell Cycle Related Biomarkers

The Journal of Urology — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Purpose: We tested whether assessing the expression of cell cycle related proteins (p53, pRB, p21 and p27) could predict clinical outcomes after radical cystectomy in patients with organ confined urothelial carcinoma of the bladder. Materials and Methods: Our study included a development cohort of 272 patients and an external testing cohort of 52 patients with chemotherapy naïve pT1-2N0M0 urothelial carcinoma of the bladder treated with radical cystectomy. Immunohistochemical staining of p53, p27, p21 and pRB was performed on the development cohort of 272 patients and the external testing cohort of 52 patients. Results: Overall 260 (80.2%) patients had altered expression of at least 1 molecular marker and 105 (32.4%), 95 (29.3%), 44 (13.6%) and 16 (4.9%) had 1 to 4 altered molecular ...

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Complications and Long-Term Results of Salvage Cystectomy After Failed Bladder Sparing Therapy for Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer

The Journal of Urology — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Salvage cystectomy is associated with acceptable morbidity, although complication rates are slightly higher than for other cystectomy series. Immediate cystectomies have more cardiovascular/hematological complications while delayed cystectomies have more tissue healing complications. (Source: The Journal of Urology)

Evaluation of bladder microvasculature with high-resolution photoacoustic imaging

Optics Letters — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 15:16:47 +0100

We explored the potential of an emerging laser-based technology, photoacoustic imaging (PAI), for bladder cancer diagnosis through high-resolution imaging of microvasculature in the bladder tissues. Imaging results from ex vivo canine bladders demonstrated the excellent ability of PAI in mapping ... (Source: Optics Letters)

The Enlightenment of Bladder Cancer TreatmentThe Enlightenment of Bladder Cancer Treatment

Medscape Today Headlines — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 11:17:49 +0100

Urothelial bladder cancer is the most common urogenital carcinoma affecting both men and women. Find out how photodynamic therapy is changing its treatment. Future Oncology (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Selected medical conditions and risk of pancreatic cancer

Molecular Carcinogenesis — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 11:13:15 +0100

AbstractWe review the current evidence for associations of several medical conditions with risk of pancreatic cancer, including allergies, pancreatitis, gall bladder disease, cholecystectomy, ulcers, gastrectomy, appendectomy, and tonsillectomy. There are consistent findings of reduced risk associated with presence of self‐reported allergies, particularly hay fever but not asthma; data on other allergies are limited and inconclusive. Several studies provide evidence that patients with pancreatic cancer are more likely than comparison groups to report pancreatitis. Those studies that investigated the time between onset of pancreatitis and diagnosis of pancreatic cancer found that risk estimates declined with longer periods of time; however, increased risks were noted for long‐term pancr...