MedWorm: Breast Carcinoma

How early breast tumors become deadly: A small group of molecules might hold the answer

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Ohio State University Medical Center) Researchers have discovered a pattern of molecules that differentiate early-stage breast tumors from invasive, life-threatening cancer. They also found a similar molecular signature that correlated with the aggressiveness of invasive tumors, and with the time to metastasis and overall survival. The findings could offer new strategies for treating breast cancer by blocking progression of early-stage breast cancer called ductal carcinoma in situ to life-threatening invasive cancer. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Accelerated Partial Breast Irradiation Using Once-Daily Fractionation: Analysis of 312 Cases with Four Years Median Follow-Up

Radiation Oncology — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: External beam APBI with once daily fractionation has a low rate of IBF consistent with other published APBI studies. The ASTRO risk stratification did not differentiate a subset of patients with a higher rate of IBF. APBI may be an appropriate treatment for women with DCIS and ILC. (Source: Radiation Oncology)

HER2/HER3 Signaling Regulates NK Cell-Mediated Cytotoxicity via MHC Class I Chain-Related Molecule A and B Expression in Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines.

Journal of Immunology — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In this study, we demonstrate that HER2/HER3 signaling regulates the expression of MHC class I-related chain A and B (MICA and MICB) in breast cancer cell lines. The MICA and MICB (MICA/B) molecules act as key ligands for the activating receptor NK group 2, member D (NKG2D) and promote NK cell-mediated recognition and cytolysis. Genetic silencing of HER3 but not HER2 downregulated the expression of MICA/B, and HER3 overexpression significantly enhanced MICA expression. Among the major pathways activated by HER2/HER3 signaling, the PI3K/AKT pathway was shown to predominantly regulate MICA/B expression. Treatment with the HER3-specific ligand neuregulin 1β promoted the expression in a process that was antagonized by pharmacological and genetic interference with HER3 but not by the ataxia-te...

The incremental value of magnetic resonance imaging for breast surgery planning

Surgery Today — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 16:46:47 +0100

Conclusions Assessment of the tumor size, multifocality, multicentricity, and presence of ductal carcinoma in situ by MRI may lead to misinterpretations in the majority of patients. The surgical approach should not be changed based solely on MRI findings. An accurately interpreted MMG combined with USG may be sufficient in most cases. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00595-012-0137-5Authors Sibel Ozkan Gurdal, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Namık Kemal University, 100. yıl mahallesi, Tunca caddesi, No: 32, Tekirdağ, Istanbul, TurkeyBeyza Ozcinar, Departments of Surgery, Istanbul University, Istanbul, TurkeyMunire Kayahan, Departments of Surgery, Bezmialem Vakif University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, TurkeyAbdul...

Roles of MicroRNAs and Other Non-coding RNAs in Breast Cancer Metastasis

Journal of Mammary Gland Biology and Neoplasia — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 16:45:59 +0100

Abstract Despite the fact that metastases are responsible for the overwhelming majority of human cancer deaths, our comprehension of the molecular events that drive metastatic progression remains woefully incomplete. Excitingly, the recent appreciation that various species of non-coding RNAs—including microRNAs—play pivotal roles in dictating the malignant behaviors of breast carcinoma cells promises to afford new insights into the molecular circuitry that determines metastatic propensity. Here, I summarize our current knowledge regarding these still-emerging functions for non-coding RNAs in the pathogenesis of breast cancer metastasis, with an emphasis placed upon the roles played by microRNAs in these processes. Additionally, I discuss the potential translational opp...

Comparison of ER/PR and HER2 statuses in primary and paired liver metastatic sites of breast carcinoma in patients with or without treatment

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 07:10:50 +0100

Conclusions ER/PR and HER2 statuses between primary and liver metastatic lesions of breast carcinoma can be modified after treatment but are stable in most cases during the natural metastatic process. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00432-012-1150-1Authors Jieqiong Liu, Department of Breast Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaHeran Deng, Department of Breast Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaWeijuan Jia, Department of Breast Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of ChinaYunjie Zeng, Department of Pathology, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital,...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Comparative evaluation of the modified Scarff-Bloom-Richardson grading system on breast carcinoma aspirates and histopathology

CytoJournal — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion : This prospective study shows that FNA smears from peripheral portion of the lesion are representative of the corresponding histopathological sections and it is possible to score and grade by SBR system on FNA smears. (Source: CytoJournal)

Virtual Touch Tissue Quantification Using Acoustic Radiation Force Impulse Technology: Initial Clinical Experience With Solid Breast Masses

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions— Virtual Touch tissue quantification can yield reproducible and quantitative diagnostic information on solid breast masses and serve as an effective diagnostic tool for differentiation between benign and malignant solid masses. (Source: Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine)

Intrathymic primary intrathoracic goiter in a patient with breast malignancy.

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 04:13:04 +0100

We report a rare case of an intrathymic primary intrathoracic goiter. The patient with newly diagnosed breast carcinoma was also known to have a distinct large anterior mediastinal mass. This was removed via a median sternotomy, after a thorascopic biopsy had been performed in the past but a diagnosis had not been reached. A discussion relating to the extremely rare occurrence of intrathymic ectopic thyroid tissue and the surgical treatment of primary intrathoracic goiters is included. PMID: 22269766 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery)

Sensor-based cell and tissue screening for personalized cancer chemotherapy

Medical and Biological Engineering and Computing — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 16:06:57 +0100

Abstract Personalized tumor chemotherapy depends on reliable assay methods, either based on molecular “predictive biomarkers” or on a direct, functional ex vivo assessment of cellular chemosensitivity. As a member of the latter category, a novel high-content platform is described monitoring human mamma carcinoma explants in real time and label-free before, during and after an ex vivo modeled chemotherapy. Tissue explants are sliced with a vibratome and laid into the microreaction chambers of a 24-well sensor test plate. Within these ≈23 μl volume chambers, sensors for pH and dissolved oxygen record rates of cellular oxygen uptake and extracellular acidification. Robot-controlled fluid system and incubation are parts of the tissue culture maintenance system whil...

Metastatic tumours of bone

Surgery (Medicine Publishing) — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 14:21:38 +0100

Abstract: Metastatic tumours of the bone are tumours that spread to bone from another primary site in the body. Histologically they often resemble the cells of the tumour they originated from. Traditionally the presence of a metastatic bone deposit has been seen as a terminal event; however, with the increased survival of patients with carcinoma and improved treatment, long-term survival is possible with metastatic bone disease and treatment can prolong life, or even be curative. Implants used in reconstruction need to be sufficiently robust to survive the patient, and the expertise of reconstruction available within tertiary bone tumour units is increasingly required. Autopsy studies have shown that 70% of patients with breast and prostate carcinoma develop skeletal metastases. The most c...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

4-week vaccination regimen knocks out early breast cancer tumors, Penn researchers report

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine) Researchers at the Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania report that a short course of vaccination with an anti-HER2 dendritic cell vaccine made partly from the patient's own cells triggers a complete tumor eradication in nearly 20 percent of women with ductal carcinoma in situ, an early breast cancer. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Experts recommend genetic counseling for young sarcoma patients

Thrive, Children's Hospital Boston — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 13:41:39 +0100

Genetic testing may help sarcoma patients and their famlies know their risk of other cancers later in life If your child is diagnosed with a sarcoma—a tumor in connective tissue like muscles or bones—it’s natural to become totally focused on his immediate recovery. But what if beating sarcoma wasn’t the only time your child might face cancer? Data shows that there is a link between sarcomas and Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a rare condition that raises a person’s risk of developing one or more cancers to as high as 85 percent. Cancers typically diagnosed in patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome include breast cancer, sarcomas, brain tumors, acute leukemia and adrenal cortical carcinoma. Recently, the list has been expanded to include colon cancer and stomach cancer. Li-Fraumeni syndrome m...

A Radiologic Review of Common Breast Disorders in Pregnancy and the Perinatal Period

Seminars in Ultrasound CT and MRI — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 08:38:45 +0100

The imaging changes in the breast associated with pregnancy and the perinatal period may not only deviate from the baseline appearance for each patient, but may also mimic disease or confound evaluation of disease. The hormonal changes can influence a range of disorders, from benign or inflammatory changes to malignant tumors. Moreover, outcomes differ from those of similar pathologies in nonpregnant patients, owing to either physiological changes or delays in diagnosis and treatment. Ultrasonography is the preferred imaging modality for evaluation during pregnancy and lactation, as its sensitivity for carcinoma is nearly 100% (Sabate JM, Clotet M, Torrubia S, et al, 2007; Radiographics 27 suppl 1:S101-S124). Therefore, an understanding of the specific pregnancy-associated pathologies and ...

Adenovirus-mediated Aurora A shRNA driven by stathmin promoter suppressed tumor growth and enhanced paclitaxel chemotherapy sensitivity in human breast carcinoma cells

Cancer Gene Therapy — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: M Long, G Yin, L Liu, F Lin, X Wang, J Ren, J Wei, K Dong & H Zhang (Source: Cancer Gene Therapy)

‘Genetic heterogeneity’ in HER2/neu testing by fluorescence in situ hybridization: a study of 2522 cases

Modern Pathology AOP — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

‘Genetic heterogeneity’ in HER2/neu testing by fluorescence in situ hybridization: a study of 2522 cases Modern Pathology advance online publication, January 27, 2012. doi:10.1038/modpathol.2011.206 Authors: Martin C Chang, Janet I Malowany, Julita Mazurkiewicz & Martha Wood (Source: Modern Pathology AOP)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Factors Noted to Affect Breast Cancer Treatment Decisions of Women Aged 80 and Older

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionThe quality of physician documentation about decision‐making in these women was high. A great amount of thoughtful and complex decision‐making involving patients, family, and physicians occurs after a woman aged 80 and older is diagnosed with breast cancer. (Source: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society)

Accuracy of Unenhanced MR Imaging in the Detection of Axillary Lymph Node Metastasis: Study of Reproducibility and Reliability [Breast Imaging]

Radiology — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Unenhanced MR imaging techniques showed high accuracy in the preoperative evaluation of axillary status in patients with invasive breast cancer. Results indicate reliable and reproducible assessment with DW imaging, but it is unlikely to be useful in clinical practice. © RSNA, 2011 (Source: Radiology)

LCIS lesions found on biopsy should be removed

AuntMinnie.com Headlines — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 07:00:00 +0100

Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) is a relatively rare form of breast cancer, (more) (Source: AuntMinnie.com Headlines)

Diagnostic value of fine-needle aspiration biopsy for breast mass: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMC Cancer — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: FNAB is an accurate biopsy for evaluating breast malignancy if rigorous criteria are used. With regard to unsatisfactory samples, futher invasive procedures are required in order to minimize the chance of a missed diagnosis of breast cancer. (Source: BMC Cancer)

Metastasis is an early event in mouse mammary carcinomas and is associated with cells bearing stem cell markers

Breast Cancer Research — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The tumorigenic and metastatic potential of a subpopulation of mammary epithelial/tumor cells in MMT mice is endowed relatively early in mammary neoplasms and suggests a potential role for cancer stem cell sub-populations in metastasis. (Source: Breast Cancer Research)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Hereditary ovarian cancer: Beyond the usual suspects.

Gynecologic Oncology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 23:31:04 +0100

Authors: Pennington KP, Swisher EM Abstract In the past, hereditary ovarian carcinoma was attributed almost entirely to mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2, with a much smaller contribution from mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes. Recently, three new ovarian cancer susceptibility genes have been identified: RAD51C, RAD51D, and BRIP1. In addition, germline mutations in women with ovarian carcinoma have been recently identified in many of the previously identified breast cancer genes in the Fanconi anemia (FA)-BRCA pathway. While mutations in genes other than BRCA1 and BRCA2 are each individually rare, together they make up a significant proportion of cases. With at least 16 genes implicated in hereditary ovarian cancer to date, comprehensive testing for ovarian cancer risk will require...

p53 is not directly relevant to the response of Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitors.

Cell Cycle — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 09:52:05 +0100

In this study, we demonstrate that there is no obvious different cytotoxic response between cancer cells with and without functional p53, including the isogenic colon cancer cell lines HCT116p53(+/+) and HCT116p53(-/-), breast cancer cell line MCF7, lung cancer cell line A549 and cervical carcinoma cell line HeLa, after treatment with either siRNA against Plk1, the kinase domain inhibitors BI 2536 and BI 6727 or the PBD inhibitor Poloxin. We suggest that the p53 status is not a predictor for the response of Plk1 inhibition, at least not directly. Yet, the long-term outcomes of losing p53, such as genome instability, could be associated with the cytotoxicity of Plk1 inhibition. Further studies are required to investigate whether other circumstances of cancer cells, such as DNA replication/d...

Overexpression of a novel cell cycle regulator ecdysoneless in breast cancer: a marker of poor prognosis in HER2/neu-overexpressing breast cancer patients

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:35:08 +0100

Abstract Uncontrolled proliferation is one of the hallmarks of breast cancer. We have previously identified the human Ecd protein (human ortholog of Drosophila Ecdysoneless, hereafter called Ecd) as a novel promoter of mammalian cell cycle progression, a function related to its ability to remove the repressive effects of Rb-family tumor suppressors on E2F transcription factors. Given the frequent dysregulation of cell cycle regulatory components in human cancer, we used immunohistochemistry of paraffin-embedded tissues to examine Ecd expression in normal breast tissue versus tissues representing increasing breast cancer progression. Initial studies of a smaller cohort without outcomes information showed that Ecd expression was barely detectable in normal breast tissue and i...

Fibroblasts prepared from different types of malignant tumors stimulate expression of luminal marker keratin 8 in the EM-G3 breast cancer cell line

Histochemistry and Cell Biology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:26:57 +0100

In conclusion, our data indicate that CAFs are able to influence the phenotype of a breast cancer cell line and this effect is based on a tumor type-unspecific mechanism. Finally, a clear functional difference between normal and CAFs was demonstrated. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00418-012-0918-3Authors B. Dvořánková, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, U nemocnice 3, 12800 Prague 2, Czech RepublicP. Szabo, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, U nemocnice 3, 12800 Prague 2, Czech RepublicL. Lacina, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, U nemocnice 3, 12800 Prague 2, Czech RepublicO. Kodet, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Charles Un...

Dormant but migratory tumour cells in desmoplastic stroma of invasive ductal carcinomas

Clinical and Experimental Metastasis — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 06:54:48 +0100

This study has important connotations for a role of SPCs in local recurrence. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research PaperPages 1-20DOI 10.1007/s10585-011-9450-4Authors Vanisri Raviraj, Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis (ACMM), AMMRF, The University of Sydney, Madsen Building F09, Room 243, Sydney, NSW 2006, AustraliaHui Zhang, Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis (ACMM), AMMRF, The University of Sydney, Madsen Building F09, Room 243, Sydney, NSW 2006, AustraliaHsin-ya Chien, Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis (ACMM), AMMRF, The University of Sydney, Madsen Building F09, Room 243, Sydney, NSW 2006, AustraliaLouise Cole, Advanced Microscopy Facility, Bosch Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, AustraliaErik W. Th...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Sensitivity of a novel model of mammary cancer stem cell-like cells to TNF-related death pathways

Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 06:48:06 +0100

Abstract Cancer stem cells (CSC) are resistant to radiation and chemotherapy and play a significant role in cancer recurrence and metastatic disease. It is therefore important to identify alternative strategies, such as immunotherapies that can be used to control this refractory population. A CD44+CD24−/low subpopulation of cells within the B6 PyMT-MMTV transgenic mouse-derived AT-3 mammary carcinoma cell line was identified, which had CSC-like characteristics, including pluripotency and a resistance to chemo- and radiotherapy. Therefore, unlike xenograph models that require immunocompromised settings, this novel system may provide a means to study immune-mediated responses against CSC-like cells. The immunobiology of the AT-3 CSC-like cell population was studied by their...

Microenvironmental Control of the Breast Cancer Cell Cycle

Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe mammary gland is one of the best‐studied examples of an organ whose structure and function are influenced by reciprocal signaling and communication between cells and their microenvironment. The mammary epithelial cell (MEC) microenvironment includes stromal cells and extracellular matrix (ECM). Abundant evidence shows that the ECM and growth factors co‐operate to regulate cell cycle progression, and that the ECM is altered in breast tumors. In particular, mammographically dense breast tissue is a significant risk factor for developing breast carcinomas. Dense breast tissue is associated with increased stromal collagen and epithelial cell content. In this article, we overview recent studies addressing the effects of ECM composition on the breast cancer cell cycle. Although t...

Intrathymic Primary Intrathoracic Goiter in a Patient With Breast Malignancy [CASE REPORTS]

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Pre-existing type-2 diabetes is not an adverse prognostic factor in patients with renal cell carcinoma: A single-center retrospective study.

Urologic Oncology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: In our experience, the prevalence of DM in RCC patients is close to 10%. Such a condition does not determine any significant influence on prognosis of RCC. PMID: 22281433 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Urologic Oncology)

Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Anticancer, and Antimicrobial Properties of Some Metal(II) Complexes of (Substituted) Nitrophenol Schiff Base

Advances in Pharmacological Sciences — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 18:36:31 +0100

The Schiff base, 2-[(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-ylimino)methyl]-5-nitrophenol coordinates to Mn(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Pd(II) ions through the phenolic O and imine N atoms. The complexes are characterized by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods. The metal complexes formed as [ML2]xH2O with exception of the Cu(II) complex which is anhydrous. Spectroscopic data corroborate the adoption of a four-coordinate, tetrahedral geometry for the Mn(II), and Zn(II) complexes, and a four-coordinate, square planar geometry for the Cu(II) and Pd(II) complexes. None is an electrolyte in DMSO. The in vitro anticancer activities of the metal free ligand, Cu(II), Zn(II), and Pd(II) complexes against MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) and HT-29 (colon carcinoma) cells reveal that the Pd(II) complex has the...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Tumor suppressor function of RUNX3 in breast cancer

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractEmerging evidence indicates that RUNX3 is a tumor suppressor in breast cancer. RUNX3 is frequently inactivated in human breast cancer cell lines and cancer samples by hemizygous deletion of the Runx3 gene, hypermethylation of the Runx3 promoter, or cytoplasmic sequestration of RUNX3 protein. Inactivation of RUNX3 is associated with the initiation and progression of breast cancer. Female Runx3+/− mice spontaneously develop ductal carcinoma, and overexpression of RUNX3 inhibits the proliferation, tumorigenic potential, and invasiveness of breast cancer cells. This review is intended to summarize these findings and discuss the tumor suppressor function of RUNX3 in breast cancer. J. Cell. Biochem. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry)

Human umbilical cord Wharton's jelly stem cell (hWJSC) extracts inhibit cancer cell growth in vitro

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractUmbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to inhibit breast cancer cell growth but it is not known whether this effect is specific to only breast cancer cells. We compared the effects of human Wharton's jelly stem cell (hWJSC) extracts [conditioned medium (hWJSC‐CM) and cell lysate (hWJSC‐CL)] on breast adenocarcinoma (MDA‐MB‐231), ovarian carcinoma (TOV‐112D) and osteosarcoma (MG‐63) cells. The cells were treated with either hWJSC‐CM (50%) or hWJSC‐CL (15μg/ml) for 48 h‐72 h and changes in cell morphology, proliferation, cycle, gene expression, migration and cell death studied. All three cancer cell lines showed cell shrinkage, blebbing and vacuolations with hWJSC‐CL and hWJSC‐CM compared to controls. MTT and BrdU assays showed inhibition ...

Isolation and Cytotoxic Activity of Selaginellin Derivatives and Biflavonoids from Selaginella tamariscina

Planta Medica — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Planta MedDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1298175AbstractFive selaginellin derivatives, including two new selaginellins termed selaginellins M (1) and N (2), and three previously identified compounds, selaginellin (3), selaginellin A (4), and selaginellin C (5), were isolated from the Selaginella tamariscina (Beauv.) Spring plant. In addition, four known biflavonoids, namely neocryptomerin (6), hinokiflavone (7), pulvinatabiflavone (8), and 7′′-O-methylamentoflavone (9), were also isolated. The structures of new compounds 1 and 2 were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis. The cytotoxic activity of compounds 1-9 was evaluated against a small panel of human cancer cell lines, including U251 (human glioma cells), HeLa (human cervical carcinoma cells), and MCF-7 (human breast cancer cells). The two ne...

The differences in the histological types of breast cancer and the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy: The relationship between the outcome and the clinicopathological characteristics.

Breast — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The response to standardized NAC and prognosis varies for each histological type. For some types, the prognosis was not associated with the clinicopathological response to NAC. Innovative regimens should therefore be investigated for each histological type to achieve the best response. PMID: 22277312 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Breast)

Breast surgeons performing immediate breast reconstruction with implants - Assessment of resource-use and patient-reported outcome measures.

Breast — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Robertson S, Wengström Y, Eriksen C, Sandelin K Abstract Oncoplastic surgery, including immediate breast reconstruction (IBR), is expanding as a result of public demand. IBR in women with breast carcinoma is resource intense and the reconstruction is often completed concurrently with adjuvant oncological treatment. A series of 223 patients with implant-based IBRs, performed by breast surgeons 2005-2008, were analysed for use of resources and outcome. Low overall major complication rates (19,7%) were identified, even though 41% of the patients had received post-mastectomy radiation. A total of 1.1 reoperations per patient were required. Patient-reported outcomes using the EQ-5D and a disease-specific questionnaire at a median of four years follow-up were analysed. Patients...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Expression of GLUT1 and GLUT3 Glucose Transporters in Endometrial and Breast Cancers.

Pathology Oncology Research — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Krzeslak A, Wojcik-Krowiranda K, Forma E, Jozwiak P, Romanowicz H, Bienkiewicz A, Brys M Abstract Cancer cells have accelerated metabolism and high glucose requirements. The up-regulation of specific glucose transporters may represent a key mechanism by which malignant cells may achieve increased glucose uptake to support the high rate of glycolysis. In present study we analyzed the mRNA and protein expression of GLUT1 and GLUT3 glucose transporters by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) and Western blotting technique in 76 cases of endometrial carcinoma and 70 cases of breast carcinoma. SLC2A1 and SLCA2A3 mRNAs expression was found, respectively in 100% and 97.4% samples of endometrial cancers and only in 50% and 40% samples of breast cancers. In endo...

Influence of the in situ component in 389 infiltrating ductal breast carcinomas.

Breast Cancer — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The presence of intraductal component in the infiltrating carcinoma seems to increase DFS and may be an independent and favorable prognostic factor for breast cancer. PMID: 22271067 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Breast Cancer)

Downregulation of ER60 Protease Inhibits Cellular Proliferation by Inducing G1/S Arrest in Breast Cancer Cells In Vitro

Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

This study explored the relationship of ER60 protease with cell proliferation in breast cancer in vitro. ER60 protease expression was first determined in a panel of breast cell lines by real‐time RT‐PCR and Western blot analysis and found to be most abundantly expressed in T47D breast cancer cells. The ER60 protease gene was then successfully knocked down in T47D breast cancer cells using two different sequences of small‐interfering RNA. The silencing efficiencies of siER‐1 and siER‐2 at 48‐hr post‐transfection were found to be >80% at the mRNA level with concomitant downregulation of the ER60 protease protein by >60% when compared with control T47D breast cancer cells. Downregulation of ER60 protease was also associated with inhibition of cell proliferation when assess...

STAT1-deficient mice spontaneously develop estrogen receptor alpha-positive luminal mammary carcinomas

Breast Cancer Research — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that STAT1 suppresses mammary tumor formation and its expression is frequently lost during breast cancer progression. Spontaneous mammary tumors that develop in STAT1-/- mice closely recapitulate the progression, ovarian hormone responsiveness, and molecular characteristics of human luminal breast cancer, the most common subtype of human breast neoplasms, and thus represent a valuable platform for testing novel treatments and detection modalities. (Source: Breast Cancer Research)

Pathologic Complete Response of HER-2 Neu-Positive Invasive Ductal Carcinoma and Ductal Carcinoma In Situ following Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy plus Trastuzumab: A Case Report and Review of Literature

Journal of Nanomaterials — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 15:27:25 +0100

We report a case of pCR of DCIS associated with invasive carcinoma in an HER-2 + tumor after NC plus trastuzumab despite persistence of malignant-appearing microcalcifications mammographically. A 41-year-old Caucasian female presented with a 4×4 cm mass in the right breast and a 2.5 cm right axillary node. Mammogram showed a 2.5 cm mass and a 12 cm area of linear pleomorphic, suspicious calcifications in the upper part of the breast. Core biopsy revealed invasive ductal carcinoma and DCIS associated with calcifications (ER 85%, PR 6%, Her2neu 3+ by IHC). Axillary node FNA was positive for malignancy. The patient received doxorubicin/cyclophosphamide (AC) → paclitaxel plus T with complete clinical and radiologic response but no significant cha...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Tumour-infiltrating macrophages and clinical outcome in breast cancer

Journal of Clinical Pathology — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Macrophages are heterogeneous with different subsets having different functions. The present study suggests that overall macrophage numbers are not related to prognosis in breast cancer. However, further studies are needed to investigate the potential role of different subsets of macrophages. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)

Displaced ovarian granulosa cells mimicking metastatic lobular carcinoma of the breast

Journal of Clinical Pathology — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

We read with interest the review by Clarke and McCluggage on iatrogenic lesions and artefacts in gynaecological pathology and in particular displaced ovarian granulosa cells and wish to report a further case in which displaced ovarian granulosa cells caused diagnostic difficulty.1 A 49-year-old Caucasian woman underwent a wide local excision for grade 2 lobular carcinoma of the breast with sentinel lymph node biopsy, which revealed no evidence of metastatic disease. Two years later, she underwent a therapeutic bilateral oophorectomy. The right ovary was entirely normal histologically but in the peripheral cortex of the left ovary, adjacent to an ovarian follicle, there were clusters of fairly uniform small round cells with variable nuclear chromasia, stippled nuclear chromatin and scanty e...

Imaging Features and Management of High-Risk Lesions on Contrast-Enhanced Dynamic Breast MRI

American Journal of Roentgenology — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION. To our knowledge, no studies to date show definitive and specific characteristics for high-risk lesions. Underestimation of malignancy on MRI-guided biopsy currently warrants surgical management for all high-risk lesions. There is a need for prospective larger power studies. (Source: American Journal of Roentgenology)

Management of Patients Diagnosed With Lobular Carcinoma in Situ at Needle Core Biopsy at a Community-Based Outpatient Facility

American Journal of Roentgenology — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION. The diagnosis of LCIS at needle core biopsy, in this small study, revealed that 84% of lesions either were malignant or were atypical or high risk at surgery, of which 33% were found to be carcinoma. Our findings suggest that LCIS should be excised when noted at core biopsy. (Source: American Journal of Roentgenology)

Surgical Outcome of Biopsy-Proven Lobular Neoplasia: Is There Any Difference Between Lobular Carcinoma In Situ and Atypical Lobular Hyperplasia?

American Journal of Roentgenology — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION. No statistically significant difference was found between mammographic presentation and postsurgical outcome of LCIS versus ALH lesions. Surgical excision of these lesions is recommended as long as no evident criteria are provided to differentiate those that might be associated with an underlying malignancy. (Source: American Journal of Roentgenology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Outcome Analysis of 9-Gauge MRI-Guided Vacuum-Assisted Core Needle Breast Biopsies

American Journal of Roentgenology — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION. Patients with ipsilateral cancer who have additional suspicious lesions identified on MRI require careful evaluation and biopsy to exclude additional sites of cancer that may impact surgical management. (Source: American Journal of Roentgenology)

The Postconservation Breast: Part 1, Expected Imaging Findings

American Journal of Roentgenology — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION. Imaging the treated breast presents challenges because of its limited compressibility and the overlapping features of benign posttreatment alterations and tumor recurrence. After lumpectomy and radiation therapy, mammographic findings such as breast edema, skin thickening, fluid collections, architectural distortion, and calcifications have characteristic sequences of evolution toward stability. Awareness of these normal chronologic imaging findings for the conservatively treated breast minimizes unnecessary recall from screening and permits early detection of recurrent breast carcinoma. (Source: American Journal of Roentgenology)

The role of sentinel lymph node biopsy in patients with ductal carcinoma in situ and microinvasion.

Surgical Practice — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Our data suggests that the risk of nodal metastasis in DCISMI may be low and questions the role of SLNB in DCISMI. We highlight the lack of data on DCISMI and risk of nodal metastasis and the need for further investigation.© 2012 The Authors. Surgical Practice © 2012 College of Surgeons of Hong Kong (Source: Surgical Practice)

Cardioprotective radiotherapy: The circadian way

Medical Hypotheses — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Radiotherapy (RT) has been established to improve both local control as well as overall survival rates in breast cancer. However, RT especially in left-sided breast cancer also irradiates a portion of the heart. Radiation associated toxicity to the heart assumes significance because of improval in survival of breast cancer patients. A circadian pattern has been reported in the myocardial oxygen demand and myocardial ischaemia with the cardiac tissue being more susceptible to injury between 6am and noon. Radiation damages blood vessels of all sizes causing an increase in capillary wall permeability and dilatation of vessels leading to the characteristic radiation erythema followed by an inflammatory cell infiltrate. Coronary artery spasm may be the reason behind some cases of sudd...

HIPK2 downregulates vimentin and inhibits breast cancer cell invasion.

Cancer Biology and Therapy — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 00:12:21 +0100

This study, by starting with a microarray analysis, demonstrates that HIPK2 downregulates vimentin expression in invasive, vimentin-positive, MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells and in the non invasive MCF7 breast cancer cells subjected to chemical hypoxia, a drive for mesenchymal shift and tumor invasion. At functional level, vimentin downregulation by HIPK2 correlates with inhibition of breast tumor cell invasion. Together, these data show that vimentin is a novel target for HIPK2 repressor function and that HIPK2-mediated vimentin downregulation can contribute to inhibition of breast cancer cells invasion that might be applied in clinical therapy. PMID: 22236966 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cancer Biology and Therapy)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Genomic and mutational profiling of ductal carcinomas in situ and matched adjacent invasive breast cancers reveals intra‐tumour genetic heterogeneity and clonal selection

The Journal of Pathology — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 06:01:20 +0100

AbstractThe mechanisms underlying the progression from ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) of the breast are yet to be fully elucidated. Several hypotheses have been put forward to explain the progression from DCIS to IDC, including the selection of a subpopulation of cancer cells with specific genetic aberrations, the acquisition of new genetic aberrations or non‐genetic mechanisms mediated by the tumour microenvironment. To determine whether synchronously diagnosed ipsilateral DCIS and IDCs have modal populations with distinct repertoires of gene copy number aberrations and mutations in common oncogenes, matched frozen samples of DCIS and IDCs were retrieved from 13 patients and subjected to microarray‐based comparative genomic hybridisation (aCGH), and...

MIBE acts as antagonist ligand of both estrogen receptor alpha and GPER in breast cancer cells

Breast Cancer Research — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Our findings provide novel insights on the functional cross-talk between GPER and EGFR signaling. Furthermore, the exclusive antagonistic activity exerted by MIBE on ERalpha and GPER could represent an innovative pharmacological approach targeting breast carcinomas which express one or both receptors at the beginning and/or during tumor progression. Hence, the simultaneous inhibition of both ERalpha and GPER may guarantee major therapeutic benefits respect to the use of a selective estrogen receptor antagonist. (Source: Breast Cancer Research)

Outcome after ipsilateral breast tumor recurrence in patients who receive accelerated partial breast irradiation

Cancer — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:With 5 years of follow‐up, APBI produced clinical outcomes and patterns of failure comparable to those achieved with whole breast irradiation. Patients who developed an IBTR after APBI had excellent 3‐year survival outcomes after salvage treatments. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)

HER‐2 pulsed dendritic cell vaccine can eliminate HER‐2 expression and impact ductal carcinoma in situ

Cancer — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:Results suggest that vaccination against HER‐2/neu is safe and well tolerated and induces decline and/or eradication of HER‐2/neu expression. These findings warrant further exploration of HER‐2/neu vaccination in estrogen‐independent breast cancer and highlight the need to target additional tumor‐associated antigens and pathways. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)

Evaluation of in vitro cytotoxicity of one-dimensional chain [Fe(salen)(L)](n) complexes against human cancer cell lines.

Toxicology in Vitro — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Dvořák Z, Starha P, Sindelář Z, Trávníček Z Abstract The 1d-polymeric iron(III) complexes [Fe(salen)(μ-L)](n) (1-6), involving a deprotonated form of the N-donor heterocyclic compounds (l) imidazole (complex 1), 1,2,4-triazole (2), benztriazole (3), 5-methyltetrazole (4), 5-aminotetrazole (5) and 5-phenyltetrazole (6), were studied for their in vitro cytotoxic activity against human cancer cell lines including lung carcinoma (A549), cervix epithelial carcinoma (HeLa), osteosarcoma (HOS), malignant melanoma (G361), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7), ovarian carcinoma (A2780) and cisplatin-resistant ovarian carcinoma (A2780cis). Cytotoxicity in vitro (IC(50)=0.39-0.48μM) was achieved for 2-6 against A2780 (IC(50) of cisplatin equals 11.5μM) as well as for 5 and 6 agains...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Lifetime Cancer Risks in Individuals with Germline PTEN Mutations.

Clinical Cancer Research — Sun, 15 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Lifetime risks for a variety of cancers, now extending to colorectal cancer, kidney cancer, and melanoma, are increased in patients with PTEN mutations. The genotype-phenotype associations here may provide new insights on PTEN structure and function. We propose a comprehensive approach to surveillance of patients with PTEN mutations. Clin Cancer Res; 18(2); 400-7. ©2012 AACR. PMID: 22252256 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Cancer Research)

Mechanism for Expansile Nanoparticle Uptake in Mesothelioma

Journal of Surgical Research — Sat, 14 Jan 2012 22:29:49 +0100

Conclusions: Uptake of expansile nanoparticles by tumor cells utilizes pathways of macropinocytosis. This pathway is non-receptor dependent thus allowing rapid nanoparticle uptake to occur in tumors of various cell origins; thus explaining similar anti-tumor efficacy against breast and ovarian carcinoma in vivo. (Source: Journal of Surgical Research)

Assessment of Serum Platelet Factor 4 as a Predictive Marker for VTE and as a Prognostic Biomarker in Pancreatic, Colorectal, Breast, and Lung Cancer

Journal of Surgical Research — Sat, 14 Jan 2012 22:29:06 +0100

Conclusions: These initial results suggest PF4 may have utility as a clinical biomarker to predict survival in patients with pancreatic, and colorectal cancer and may be useful for patient stratification for VTE prophylaxis. We hypothesize that colon and pancreatic cancer patients with high serum PF4 levels may benefit from extended VTE prophylaxis. This question should be answered in a clinical trial. (Source: Journal of Surgical Research)

The Impact of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy on Wound Complication Risk After Breast Cancer Resection and Reconstruction - A Multi-Institutional Assessment

Journal of Surgical Research — Sat, 14 Jan 2012 22:29:04 +0100

Conclusions: in this multi-institutional analysis, neoadjuvant chemotherapy was not associated with post-operative wound complication, regardless of the type of breast surgery performed. Patients and providers can be assured that receipt of neoadjuvant therapy does not increase the risk of post-operative wound complication. (Source: Journal of Surgical Research)

Invasive Lobular Carcinoma Predicts Micrometastatic Disease in Stage I-III Breast Cancer

Journal of Surgical Research — Sat, 14 Jan 2012 22:29:04 +0100

Conclusions: ILC was an independent predictor of the presence of DTCs and CTCs. Since most late recurrences are ER positive this raises the question of whether DTCs and CTCs are indeed responsible for late breast cancer recurrence. We are currently assessing DTCs and CTCs for ER status to determine discordance rates between these cells and the primary tumor. (Source: Journal of Surgical Research)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Assessment of the novel tubulin-binding agent EHT 6706 in combination with ionizing radiation or chemotherapy

Investigational New Drugs — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 16:57:57 +0100

Summary The potential of EHT 6706, a novel tubulin-binding agent, was investigated in combination with ionizing radiation (IR) and with conventional cytotoxic chemotherapy agents. Cell proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and clonogenic assays were performed in five human cancer cell lines: H460 (non small cell lung carcinoma, NSCLC), HCT116 and HCT116 p53-/- (colorectal cancer), MDA-MB-231 (breast cancer), and MiaPaca2 cells (pancreatic cancer). The drug inhibited cell proliferation in all cell lines. This effect was associated with G2/M arrest and activation of apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. The drug was then tested in combination with chemotherapy and IR in vitro. Effects on proliferation and clonogenic survival were analyzed. EHT 6706 treatment inhibited clonogen...

DEK overexpression is correlated with the clinical features of breast cancer

Pathology International — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, DEK overexpression appears to be associated with breast cancer progression and DEK may potentially be used as a breast cancer biomarker for the early diagnosis, prognostic evaluation and therapeutic target for breast cancer. (Source: Pathology International)

Autocrine proNGF in Breast Cancer [Signal Transduction]

Journal of Biological Chemistry — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

The precursor of nerve growth factor (proNGF) has been described as a biologically active polypeptide able to induce apoptosis in neuronal cells, via the neurotrophin receptor p75NTR and the sortilin receptor. Herein, it is shown that proNGF is produced and secreted by breast cancer cells, stimulating their invasion. Using Western blotting and mass spectrometry, proNGF was detected in a panel of breast cancer cells as well as in their conditioned media. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated an overproduction of proNGF in breast tumors, when compared with benign and normal breast biopsies, and a relationship to lymph node invasion in ductal carcinomas. Interestingly, siRNA against proNGF induced a decrease of breast cancer cell invasion that was restored by the addition of non-cleavable pr...

Synthesis, in vitro Cytotoxicity, and Interaction with DNA of Platinum(II) Complexes with N-Monocycloalkyl Derivatives of 1R,2R-Diaminocyclohexane as Carrier Ligands.

ChemMedChem — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Sun Y, Gou S, Liu F, Yin R, Fang L Abstract A series of platinum(II) complexes with N-monocyclopentyl/cyclohexyl derivatives of 1R,2R-diaminocyclohexane as carrier ligands and dicarboxylate anions as leaving groups were synthesized and characterized. All complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, (1) H NMR, and (13) C NMR spectroscopy, as well as ESIMS. The in vitro antiproliferative activities were tested by MTT assay against four human cancer cell lines; breast carcinoma (MCF-7) and colon cancer (HCT-116) cells were particularly sensitive, especially to complexes 1 f (IC(50) =9.81 and 1.49 μM) and 2 f (IC(50) =4.59 and 0.36 μM). Flow cytometry indicated that representative compounds exert cytotoxicity toward MCF-7 and HCT-116 cells through in...

Ubiquitous Brms1 expression is critical for mammary carcinoma metastasis suppression via promotion of apoptosis

Clinical and Experimental Metastasis — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 16:49:15 +0100

Abstract Morbidity and mortality of breast cancer patients are drastically increased when primary tumor cells are able to spread to distant sites and proliferate to become secondary lesions. Effective treatment of metastatic disease has been limited; therefore, an increased molecular understanding to identify biomarkers and therapeutic targets is needed. Breast cancer metastasis suppressor 1 (BRMS1) suppresses development of pulmonary metastases when expressed in a variety of cancer types, including metastatic mammary carcinoma. Little is known of Brms1 function throughout the initiation and progression of mammary carcinoma. The goal of this study was to investigate mechanisms of Brms1-mediated metastasis suppression in transgenic mice that express Brms1 using polyoma middl...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Interplay between membrane lipid peroxidation, transglutaminase activity, and Cyclooxygenase 2 expression in the tissue adjoining to breast cancer

Journal of Cellular Physiology — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 12:47:18 +0100

AbstractBreast cancer, a leading cause of cancer related deaths worldwide, is one of the most common neoplasms in women. The increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in breast lesion is critically involved in the mutagenic processes that drive to breast carcinoma initiation and progression. To date, the molecular events occurring in the tissue adjoin the cancer lesion have not been elucidated. Here, we investigated the role of excess ROS generation during human breast carcinogenesis by evaluating oxidative stress biomarkers, tissue transglutaminase (t‐TGase) activity, and expression levels of ubiquitin and cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) in the normal tissue adjoin to fibroadenoma (nFA), atypical ductal hyperplasia (nADH), and invasive ductal carcinoma (nIDC) from 45 breast can...

Mucocele-like tumor associated with ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosed as mucinous carcinoma by fine-needle aspiration cytology: report of a case

Surgery Today — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 06:43:01 +0100

We report a case of MLT associated with ductal carcinoma in situ, which was initially diagnosed as fibroadenoma by mammography and ultrasonography, and as mucinous carcinoma by fine-needle aspiration cytology. We discuss the characteristic findings of imaging and the appropriate clinical treatment of this tumor. The characteristic image first signals the possibility of this tumor, following which the diagnosis can be confirmed by pathological examination of a fully excised tumor specimen. Breast-conserving surgery is recommended because of the low risk of high-grade malignancy, even when malignancy is confirmed, and lymph node dissection may be avoided. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportPages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s00595-011-0063-yAuthors Shoichi Kikuchi, Department of S...

HER2 and TOP2A in high-risk early breast cancer patients treated with adjuvant epirubicin-based dose-dense sequential chemotherapy.

Journal of Translational Medicine — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Background: HER2 and TOP2A parameters (gene status, mRNA and protein expression) have individually been associated with the outcome of patients treated with anthracyclines. The aim of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the prognostic/predictive significance of the above parameters in early, high-risk breast cancer patients treated with epirubicin-based, dose-dense sequential adjuvant chemotherapy. Methods: In a series of 352 breast carcinoma tissues from patients that had been post-operatively treated with epirubicin-CMF with or without paclitaxel, we assessed HER2 and TOP2A gene status (chromogenic in situ hybridization), mRNA expression (quantitative reverse transcription PCR), as well as HER2 and TopoIIa protein expression (immunohistochemistry). Results: HER2 and TOP2A amplific...

Integrated proteomic, transcriptomic, and biological network analysis of breast carcinoma reveals molecular features of tumorigenesis and clinical relapse.

Molecular and Cellular Proteomics : MCP — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Imielinski M, Cha S, Rejtar T, Richardson EA, Karger BL, Sgroi DC Abstract Gene and protein expression changes observed with tumorigenesis are often interpreted independently of each other and out of context of biological networks. To address these limitations, this study examined several approaches to integrate transcriptomic and proteomic data with known protein-protein and signaling interactions in estrogen receptor positive (ER+) breast cancer tumors. An approach that built networks from differentially expressed proteins and identified among them networks enriched in differentially expressed genes yielded the greatest success. This method identified a set of genes and proteins linking pathways of cellular stress response, cancer metabolism, and tumor microenvironment. ...

Radiosensitization induced by the anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies cetuximab and nimotuzumab in A431 cells.

Cancer Biology and Therapy — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 04:00:33 +0100

Authors: González JE, Barquinero JF, Lee M, García O, Casacó A Abstract Epidermal growth factor receptors (EGFR) are over-expressed in a wide range of malignancies including head and neck, colon and breast cancers. It has been identified that carcinomas with high expression levels of EGFR are more resistant to radiotherapy. Therefore, inhibiting nuclear translocation of EGFR to increase the radiosensitivity of malignant cells expressing EGFR offers the potential for increasing the therapeutic index of radiotherapy. The purpose of the present study was to quantify and to compare the radiosensitizing properties of the well known anti-EGFR antibodies, cetuximab and nimotuzumab in human epidermoid A431 overexpressing EGFR cells. Cells were treated with two concentrations of the anti...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Melatonin suppresses aromatase expression and activity in breast cancer associated fibroblasts

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 17:56:47 +0100

Abstract The main biological active substance secreted by the pineal gland, melatonin (MLT), counteracts the effects of estrogens in breast cancer via exerting a number of its own oncostatic properties. Recent studies of postmenopausal women have identified that the major metabolite of MLT is statistically significantly associated with a lower risk of developing breast cancer. While MLT production decreases with age, breast cancer risk, however, increases with age and obesity. We hypothesize that MLT inhibits estrogen production in breast adipose fibroblasts (BAFs), the main local source of estrogen in breast tumors of postmenopausal women, by inhibiting transcription of the CYP19A1 gene that encodes the key enzyme aromatase. Normal BAFs were cultured from women undergoing ...

Comparison of clinicopathological characteristics and prognoses between bilateral and unilateral breast cancer

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 17:51:11 +0100

Conclusions Bilateral cancer was associated with shorter disease-free survival and overall survival than unilateral cancer. The prognosis of metachronous bilateral cancer, especially those diagnosed within 2 years after the first cancer was significantly worse than synchronous bilateral cancer. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s00432-011-1141-7Authors Yan-Xia Shi, Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road, East, Guangzhou, 510060 People’s Republic of ChinaQing Xia, Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Cancer Center, 651 Dongfeng Road, East, Guangzhou, 510060 People’s Republic of ChinaRou-Jun Peng, Department of Medical Oncology, Sun Yat-Sen University Can...

The value of mastectomy flap fixation in reducing fluid drainage and seroma formation in breast cancer patients

World Journal of Surgical Oncology — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The mastectomy flap fixation technique is a valuable procedure that significantly decreases the incidence of seroma formation, and reduces the duration and amount of drained fluid. However, it should be tried on a much wider scale to prove its validity.Key Words: mastectomy, flap, fixation, seroma (Source: World Journal of Surgical Oncology)

miR‐7 inhibits tumor growth and metastasis by targeting the PI3K/AKT pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatology — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: These findings indicate that miR‐7 functions as a tumor suppressor and plays a substantial role in inhibiting the tumorigenesis and reversing the metastasis of HCC through the PI3K/Akt/mTOR signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo. By targeting PIK3CD, mTOR and p70S6K, miR‐7 efficiently regulates the PI3K/Akt pathway. Given these, miR‐7 may be a potential therapeutic or diagnostic/prognostic‐target for treating HCC. (HEPATOLOGY 2012.) (Source: Hepatology)

Abnormal accumulation of human transmembrane (TMEM)-176A and 176B proteins is associated with cancer pathology.

Acta Histochemica — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Cuajungco MP, Podevin W, Valluri VK, Bui Q, Nguyen VH, Taylor K Abstract Transmembrane (TMEM)-176A and 176B proteins belong to the MS4A family of proteins whose function in the immune system remains unclear. TMEM176A transcripts were previously shown to be elevated in liver cancer or kidney tissue with proteinuria, while marked changes in TMEM176B transcripts have been found in tolerated tissue allografts and neoplastic fibroblasts. To study the functional relationship between human TMEM176A and 176B and their putative link to cancer, we used polymerase chain reaction and biochemical assays. Here, we show that TMEM176A and 176B are widely expressed in all human tissues examined. Co-immunoprecipitation of heterologously expressed TMEM176A and 176B revealed direct physical i...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

"A novel in vivo model for the study of human breast cancer metastasis using primary breast tumor-initiating cells from patient biopsies"

BMC Cancer — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Tumorspheres isolated under defined culture conditions from patient core biopsies were tumorigenic when transplanted into the mammary fat pad of NUDE mice, and metastasized to multiple mouse organs. Micrometastases in mouse organs demonstrated a dormancy period prior to outgrowth of macrometastases. The development of macrometastases with organ-specific phenotypic distinctions provides a superior model for the investigation of organ-specific effects on metastatic cancer cell survival and growth. (Source: BMC Cancer)

Nek2A contributes to tumorigenic growth and possibly functions as potential therapeutic target for human breast cancer

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsThese data suggested that Nek2A might bear a close relationship with development and progression of breast carcinoma, and highlighted its role as a novel potential biomarker for diagnosis and a possible therapeutic target for human breast cancer especially for DCIS. J. Cell. Biochem. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry)

Nuclear Hormone Receptor Signals as New Therapeutic Targets for Urothelial Carcinoma.

Current Cancer Drug Targets — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Miyamoto H, Zheng Y, Izumi K Abstract Unlike prostate and breast cancers, urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder is not yet considered as an endocrine-related neoplasm, and hormonal therapy for bladder cancer remains experimental. Nonetheless, there are increasing amounts of evidence indicating that nuclear hormone receptor signals are implicated in the development and progression of bladder cancer. Androgen-mediated androgen receptor (AR) signals have been convincingly shown to induce bladder tumorigenesis. Androgens also promote the growth of AR-positive bladder cancer cells, although it is controversial whether AR plays a dominant role in bladder cancer progression. Both stimulatory and inhibitory functions of estrogen receptor signals in bladder cancer have been r...

Oroxylin A inhibits matrix metalloproteinase-2/9 expression and activation by up-regulating tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 and suppressing the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.

Toxicology Letters — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Trends in incidence and detection of advanced breast cancer at biennial screening mammography in The Netherlands: a population based study

Breast Cancer Research — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: We observed no decline in the risk of advanced breast cancer during 12 years of biennial screening mammography. The majority of these cancers could not have been prevented through earlier detection at screening. (Source: Breast Cancer Research)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

CIGB-247: A VEGF-based therapeutic vaccine that reduces experimental and spontaneous lung metastasis of C57Bl/6 and BALB/c mouse tumors.

Vaccine — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Bequet-Romero M, Morera Y, Ayala-Ávila M, Ancizar J, Soria Y, Blanco A, Suárez-Alba J, Gavilondo JV Abstract CIGB-247 is a novel cancer therapeutic vaccine that uses a mutated form of human VEGF as antigen. Being metastatic disease the most dramatic factor of tumor biology affecting patient survival and cure, preclinical evaluation of the impact of CIGB-247 vaccination on experimental metastasis mouse models is highly relevant, and constitutes the focus of this work. CIGB-247 was administered in a weekly schedule known to effectively reduce primary tumor growth. The vaccine was tested in experimental and spontaneous metastasis models of colon (CT26), lung (3LL-D122) and breast (F3II) carcinomas growing in C57Bl/6 or BALB/c mice. Primary tumor growth parameters, metastati...

Antiproliferative steroidal glycosides from Digitalis ciliata.

Fitoterapia — Sun, 08 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Perrone A, Capasso A, Festa M, Kemertelidze E, Pizza C, Skhirtladze A, Piacente S Abstract Two new compounds, a furostanol glycoside (1) and a pregnane glycoside (4), along with eight known compounds, belonging to the classes of steroidal (2,3), pregnane (5-7) and cardenolide (8-10) glycosides, were isolated from the seeds of Digitalis ciliata. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D-NMR experiments as well as ESI-MS analysis. For the first time pregnane glycosides of the diginigenin series have been isolated from D. ciliata. The cytotoxic effects of compounds 1-10 on cell viability of several cancer cell lines, namely human breast cancer (MCF-7), human glioblastoma (T98G), human lung adenocarcinoma (A549), human colon carcinoma (HT-29), and human prostate cancer (PC...

[Modern radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery].

Orvosi Hetilap — Sat, 07 Jan 2012 13:48:50 +0100

This article reviews the results of these studies focusing on individual risk-adapted radiotherapy after breast-conserving surgery for patients with early-stage breast carcinoma. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 45-55. PMID: 22217684 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Orvosi Hetilap)

Zosuquidar and an albumin-binding prodrug of zosuquidar reverse multidrug resistance in breast cancer cells of doxorubicin and an albumin-binding prodrug of doxorubicin

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment — Sat, 07 Jan 2012 06:44:09 +0100

In this study, we consequently developed an acid-sensitive albumin-binding prodrug of the P-gp inhibitor zosuquidar (LY335979) in a two-step synthesis using a maleimide hydrazone linker system established in our laboratory that first introduces acetylbenzoic acid at the HO-group of zosuquidar followed by derivatization with 6-maleimidocaproyl hydrazide to form the acid-sensitive hydrazone bond. The maleimide group enables the prodrug to bind rapidly and selectively to the cysteine-34 position of endogenous albumin after intravenous administration. HPLC analysis demonstrated rapid albumin binding of the zosuquidar prodrug as well as the quantitative release of the acetylbenzoic ester derivative of zosuquidar at pH 5.0. Subsequently, its ability to circumvent MDR was tested in two doxo...

Hyperinsulinemia enhances c-Myc-mediated mammary tumor development and advances metastatic progression to the lung in a mouse model of Type 2 Diabetes.

Breast Cancer Research — Sat, 07 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Hyperinsulinemia in a mouse model promotes breast cancer metastasis to lung. Therapies to reduce insulin levels in hyperinsulinemic patients suffering from breast cancer could lessen the likelihood of metastatic progression. (Source: Breast Cancer Research)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha promotes primary tumor growth and tumor-initiating cell activity in breast cancer

Breast Cancer Research — Sat, 07 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: These results demonstrate that HIF-1alpha plays a key role in promoting primary mammary tumor growth and metastasis, in part through regulation of TICs. HIF-1 regulates expression of several members of the Notch pathway, CD133 and markers of the basal lineage in mammary tumors. Our results suggest that CD133, which has not been profiled extensively in breast cancer, may be a useful marker of TICs in the PyMT model. These data reveal for the first time that HIF-1 directly regulates breast TIC activity in vivo. (Source: Breast Cancer Research)

Accuracy of Predicting Axillary Lymph Node Positivity by Physical Examination, Mammography, Ultrasonography, and Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 16:43:45 +0100

Conclusions Physical examination and multimodal imaging in combination are useful for preoperative axillary staging and treatment planning. However, they remain inadequate definitive predictors of axillary lymph node involvement. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Breast OncologyPages 1-6DOI 10.1245/s10434-011-2200-7Authors Stephanie A. Valente, Division of Breast and Soft Tissue Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USAGary M. Levine, Division of Breast Services, Department of Radiology, Hoag Memorial Hospital Presbyterian, Newport Beach, CA, USAMelvin J. Silverstein, Division of Breast and Soft Tissue Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, L...

Risk of Subsequent Primary Thyroid Cancer after Another Malignancy: Latency Trends in a Population-based Study

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 16:43:43 +0100

Conclusions Many common cancers are associated with increased risk of SPTC beyond 12 months of initial diagnosis. Although this can be explained partly by continued surveillance bias, radiation effects, and known rare familial associations for some tumors, these factors alone are unlikely to explain the persistent, significant two-way association with renal and breast cancers. Additional research is needed to further define the biological and environmental mechanisms underlying these associations. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Endocrine TumorsPages 1-10DOI 10.1245/s10434-011-2193-2Authors Geeta Lal, Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, IA, USAMegan Groff, Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clin...

p38 Phosphorylation Relocates FOXO3a to the Nucleus [Signal Transduction]

Journal of Biological Chemistry — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

FOXO3a is a forkhead transcription factor that regulates a multitude of important cellular processes, including proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation, and metabolism. Doxorubicin treatment of MCF-7 breast carcinoma cells results in FOXO3a nuclear relocation and the induction of the stress-activated kinase p38 MAPK. Here, we studied the potential regulation of FOXO3a by p38 in response to doxorubicin. Co-immunoprecipitation studies in MCF-7 cells demonstrated a direct interaction between p38 and FOXO3a. We also showed that p38 can bind and phosphorylate a recombinant FOXO3a directly in vitro. HPLC-coupled phosphopeptide mapping and mass spectrometric analyses identified serine 7 as a major site for p38 phosphorylation. Using a phosphorylated Ser-7 FOXO3a antibody, we demonstrated that F...

Changes in keratin expression during metastatic progression of breast cancer: impact on the detection of circulating tumor cells.

Clinical Cancer Research — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Joosse SA, Hannemann J, Spotter J, Bauche A, Andreas A, Muller V, Pantel K Abstract Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) might function as early markers for breast cancer metastasis or monitoring therapy efficacy. Enrichment and identification of CTCs are based on epithelial markers that might be modulated during epithelial-mesenchymal-transition. Little is known about the expression of keratins in CTCs and whether all CTCs can be detected with antibodies directed against a limited panel of keratins. Protein expression of keratin 2, 4-10, 13-16, 18 and 19 were assessed by a cocktail of antibodies (C11, AE1, AE3, and K7) and keratin antibodies C11 and A45-B/B3 alone in 11 breast cancer cell lines and 50 primary breast carcinomas and their lymph node metastases. Furthermore, CTCs ...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Effect of Ulinastatin and Taxotere on growth inhibition, apoptosis of breast carcinoma cells is related to a decrease in signal conduction of JNk-2 and NF-kappaB

Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

This study aims to investigate the in vitro effects of Ulinastatin (UTI) and Taxotere (TXT) on cell proliferation; cell apoptosis; xenografted tumor growth; and expression of insulin-like growth factor receptor 1 (IGF-1R), platelet-derived growth factor A (PDGFA), nerve growth factor (NGF), c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2 (JNk-2), and NF-kappaB in a human primary breast cancer cells and breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231. Methods: The cell lines cultured were divided into four groups: 1) control group, 2) UTI group, 3) TXT group, and 4) UTI+TXT group. The method of MTT essay, flow cytometry, and RT-PCR were used to detect cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, and expression of IGF-1R, PDGFA, NGF, NF-kappaB, JNk-2, respectively. The growth of xenografted tumor in nude mice was used to calculate the...

A safe approach to sparing the rectus muscle in abdominal-based microvascular breast reconstruction—TRAM, MS-TRAM, DIEP or SIEA?

European Journal of Plastic Surgery — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 07:01:31 +0100

We present an algorithm to aid decision-making in autologous breast reconstruction that reflects our safe flexible approach. We have achieved excellent success rates in autologous breast reconstruction and conclude that in order to minimize complications, a safe flexible approach towards muscle harvest must be maintained in our drive to use perforator flaps. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s00238-011-0667-xAuthors Jonathan Adamthwaite, Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ UKAndrew D. H. Wilson, Department of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, Fulham Road, London, SW3 6JJ UKStuart James, Department of Plastic & Reconstructiv...

HIF-1 activation induces doxorubicin resistance in MCF7 3-D spheroids via P-glycoprotein expression: a potential model of the chemo-resistance of invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast

BMC Cancer — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: MCF7 breast cancer cells cultured as 3-D spheroids are resistant to doxorubicin and this resistance is associated with an increased Pgp expression in the plasma membrane via activation of HIF-1. The same mechanism may be suggested for IMPC drug resistance. (Source: BMC Cancer)

Triple negative breast cancer is associated with an increased risk of residual invasive carcinoma after lumpectomy

Cancer — Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION:TN subtype has a statistically significant association with an increased risk of residual tumor. This suggests the putative increase in the risk of local failure in TN patients may be related to increased residual tumor burden. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)

Fine needle aspirate cell blocks are reliable for detection of hormone receptors and HER‐2 by immunohistochemistry in breast carcinoma

Cytopathology — Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Cell blocks provide a useful method of assessing ER, PR and HER‐2/neu, mainly for inoperable and recurrent cases, but consideration should be given to carrying out FISH analysis on 1+ as well as 2+ HER‐2/neu results. (Source: Cytopathology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Nucleobindin 2 (NUCB2) in human breast carcinoma as a potent prognostic factor. NUCB2 immunoreactivity was detected in the carcinoma cells of DCIS

Cancer Science — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Cancer Science)

Molecular classification of breast carcinomas with particular emphasis on “basal‐like” carcinoma: A critical review

Journal of Biophotonics — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractDuring the last 11 years, 5 molecular subtypes of breast carcinoma (luminal A, luminal B, Her2‐positive, basal‐like, and normal breast‐like) have been characterized and intensively studied. As genomic research evolves, further subtypes of breast cancers into new “molecular entities” are expected to occur. For example, a new and rare breast cancer subtype, known as claudin‐low, has been recently found in human carcinomas and in breast cancer cell lines. There is no doubt that global gene expression analyses using high‐throughput biotechnologies have drastically improved our understanding of breast cancer as a heterogeneous disease. The main question is, however, whether new molecular techniques such as gene expression profiling (or signature) should be regarded as the ...

Psammomatous Colloid Carcinoma of the Breast with Micropapillary Pattern

The Breast Journal — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: The Breast Journal)

Screening Mammography in Men with BRCA Mutations: Is There a Role?

The Breast Journal — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

We report a case of male breast carcinoma in a patient with the BRCA2 mutation detected by screening mammography, and review the literature regarding screening mammography in men. (Source: The Breast Journal)

Detection and classification of contrast‐enhancing masses by a fully automatic computer‐assisted diagnosis system for breast MRI

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion:The fully automatic CAD technique seems to reliably distinguish between benign and malignant mass‐like breast tumors. Observer‐independent CAD may be a promising additional tool for the interpretation of breast MRI in the clinical routine. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography-guided core needle biopsy for breast lesions.

Singapore Medical Journal — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: US-guided CNB is an accurate diagnostic alternative to surgical biopsy in patients with breast lesions detected via US, although the high underestimation rates in DCIS and high-risk lesions are still a concern. PMID: 22252182 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Singapore Medical Journal)

2‐Amino‐3‐cyano‐4‐(5‐arylisoxazol‐3‐yl)‐4H‐chromenes: Synthesis and In Vitro Cytotoxic Activity

Archiv der Pharmazie — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractA new series of 4‐aryl‐4H‐chromenes bearing a 5‐arylisoxazol‐3‐yl moiety at the C‐4 position were prepared as potential anticancer agents. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of the synthesized compounds was investigated against a panel of tumor cell lines including MCF‐7 (breast cancer), KB (nasopharyngeal epidermoid carcinoma), Hep‐G2 (liver carcinoma), MDA‐MB‐231 (breast cancer), and SKNMC (human neuroblastoma) using the MTT colorimetric assay. Doxorubicin, a well‐known anticancer drug, was used as positive standard drug. Among the synthesized compounds, the 5‐(3‐methylphenyl)isoxazol‐3‐yl analog (7j) showed the most potent cytotoxic activity against all five human tumor cell lines.A series of 2‐amino‐3‐cyano‐4‐(5‐arylisoxazol‐3‐yl)‐...

The palliation of malignant pleural effusions.

British Journal of Hospital Medicine — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

The palliation of malignant pleural effusions. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2012 Jan;73(1):4-5 Authors: Bhatnagar R, Rahman NM Abstract Malignant pleural effusions are a common complication of many cancers, usually representing metastatic disease. Over 50% of cases are the result of primary lung or pleural malignancy (Janssen et al, 2007), but they may also be caused by other malignancies including lymphoma, breast or ovarian carcinoma. An effusion can be the result of direct tumour involvement, or result from indirect effects such as lymphatic obstruction, sometimes referred to as a paramalignant effusion. PMID: 22241400 [PubMed - in process] (Source: British Journal of Hospital Medicine)

Cells Transformed by PLC-Gamma 1 Overexpression are Highly Sensitive to Clostridium difficile Toxin A-Induced Apoptosis and Mitotic Inhibition.

Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Nam HJ, Kang JK, Chang JS, Lee MS, Nam ST, Jung HW, Kim SK, Ha EM, Seok H, Son SW, Park YJ, Kim H Abstract Phospholipase C-gammal (PLC-gammal) expression is associated with cellular transformation. Notably, PLC-gamma is up-regulated in colorectal cancer tissue and breast carcinoma. Because exotoxins released by Clostridium botulinum have been shown to induce apoptosis and promote growth arrest in various cancer cell lines, we examined here the potential of Clostridium difficile toxin A to selectively induce apoptosis in cells transformed by PLC-gammal overexpression. We found that PLC-gammal-transformed cells, but not vectortransformed (control) cells, were highly sensitive to C. difficile toxin A-induced apoptosis and mitotic inhibition. Moreover, expression of the proapo...

DNA damage induced by mammography in high family risk patients: Only one single view in screening.

Breast — Sat, 31 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Colin C, Foray N Abstract Women with high risk of breast or ovarian cancers might be more susceptible to radiation-induced cancer because most of tumor suppressor genes are also implicated in the radio-induced DNA damage repair and signaling. Recent radiobiological advances may help to re-consider the potential cellular and molecular consequences of the standard two-view mammographic screening. A major radiobiological effect exacerbated in high family risk women caused by mammographic repeated doses was pointed out on relevant cellular model (untransformed and non tumoral human breast epithelial cells): the Low and Repeated Dose (LORD) effect. In parallel, while magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is reported to be less sensitive than mammography for detection of ductal carci...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Preoperative Breast MRI in the Surgical Treatment of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

The Breast Journal — Fri, 30 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

This study examined the accuracy of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for assessment of DCIS size, and evaluated the effect of preoperative breast MRI on achievement of tumor‐free surgical margins after breast‐conserving surgery (BCS). One‐hundred and fifty‐eight female patients with DCIS were identified from a prospective database: 60 patients (62 cases) had preoperative breast MRI, and 98 patients did not have MRI. The accuracy of tumor size assessed by MRI was determined by comparison with histopathologic size. All patients underwent BCS initially. The rate of involved margins after resection was compared in MRI and no‐MRI groups. The overall correlation between MRI size and histopathologic size was high (p < 0.0001). MRI assessment of size was significantly more accurat...

Natural Flavones Overcome TRAIL Resistance of Tumors [Cell Biology]

Journal of Biological Chemistry — Fri, 30 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anticancer agent that kills various tumor cells without damaging normal tissues. However, many cancers remain resistant to TRAIL. To overcome TRAIL resistance, combination therapies using sensitizers of the TRAIL pathway would be an efficacious approach. To investigate potential sensitizers of TRAIL-induced apoptosis, we used TRAIL-resistant human T cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1)-associated adult T cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) cells as a model system. So far, HTLV-1-associated ATL is incurable by presently known therapies. Here, we show that wogonin and the structurally related natural flavones apigenin and chrysin break TRAIL resistance in HTLV-1-associated ATL by transcriptional down-regulation of c-FLIP,...

Hypoxia decreased chemosensitivity of breast cancer cell line MCF-7 to paclitaxel through cyclin B1.

Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie — Fri, 30 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Dong XL, Xu PF, Miao C, Fu ZY, Li QP, Tang PY, Wang T Abstract Hypoxia, frequently found in the center of solid tumors, may lead to enhance the production of key factor in cell survival, invasion, angiogenesis and loss of apoptosis. The low oxygen tension in hypoxic tumors is also known to interfere with the efficacy of chemotherapy, but the underlying mechanisms are not very clear. Paclitaxel (PTX) is an active agent used in breast cancer chemotherapy, which disturbs microtubule dynamics and impairs the transition of cells from metaphase to anaphase in mitosis, leading to cell death by apoptosis. In the present study, we try to determine whether hypoxia can decrease the chemosensitivity of human breast carcinoma cells to PTX and elucidate the underlying mechanism. We foun...

The role of breast MR imaging in pre-operative determination of invasive disease for ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosed by needle biopsy

European Radiology — Thu, 29 Dec 2011 06:42:30 +0100

Conclusions Breast MR imaging is potentially useful to predict the presence of occult invasion in biopsy-proven DCIS with NMLE. Key Points • MR mammography permits more precise lesion assessment including ductal carcinoma in situ • A correct diagnosis of occult invasion before treatment is important for clinicians • This study showed the potential of MR mammography to diagnose occult invasion • Treatment and/or aggressive biopsy can be given with greater confidence • MR mammography can lead to more appropriate management of patients Content Type Journal ArticleCategory BreastPages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s00330-011-...

Anti‐Inflammatory and Antiproliferative Activities of Organic Fractions from the Mediterranean Brown Seaweed, Cystoseira compressa

Drug Development Research — Thu, 29 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractStrategy, Management and Health PolicyEnabling Technology, Genomics, ProteomicsPreclinical ResearchPreclinical Development Toxicology, Formulation Drug Delivery, PharmacokineticsClinical Development Phases I‐III Regulatory, Quality, ManufacturingPostmarketing Phase IVThe inability to cure many diseases, such as cancer and arthritis, has stimulated the need for the development of new drugs from natural sources. Of all natural sources, the marine environment is clearly the last great frontier for pharmaceutical and medical research. As part of our search for new anti‐inflammatory or anticancer potential drugs, organic fractions (chloroform, ethyl acetate and methanol) from the Mediterranean brown seaweed, Cystoseira compressa were evaluated for in vivo anti‐inflammatory activit...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Medullary Cancer of Breast with Atypical Features – A Case Study

Journal of Pakistan Medical Students — Thu, 29 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

DISCUSSION According to the World Health Organization, over 1.2 million women are diagnosed with breast cancer annually worldwide.(1) Infiltrating ductal carcinoma is a broad entity which comprises of tumors that exhibit one or more characteristics of specific types of breast cancers. There is evidence of tubular, papillary, medullary or mucinous differentiation microscopically.(2)The etiology is still unknown. Marcus et al have suggested that BRCA1-associated tumors were more likely to be of medullary or atypical medullary type.(3) For the diagnosis of medullary carcinoma to be made, strict histopathologic criteria should be completed. Traditionally, there has been no clear consensus among pathologists of the best diagnostic parameters for classifying medullary carcinoma. Since th...

SnoN oncoprotein enhances estrogen receptor-α transcriptional activity.

Cellular Signalling — Thu, 29 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

This study reveals a novel mechanism that interconnects ERα and TGF-β signaling pathways by SnoN. Accordingly, the results indicate that high SnoN level promotes ERα signaling and possibly breast cancer progression. PMID: 22227247 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cellular Signalling)

Gene therapy with RNAi targeting UHRF1 driven by tumor-specific promoter inhibits tumor growth and enhances the sensitivity of chemotherapeutic drug in breast cancer in vitro and in vivo

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 16:45:19 +0100

In this study, we explored whether UHRF1 can be a therapeutic target for human breast carcinoma. We successfully constructed the tumor-specific shRNA expression vector driven by survivin promoter targeting UHRF1 gene. The tumor-specific RNA interference system efficiently and specifically knocked down UHRF1 expression, induced the apoptosis of tumor cells, and enhanced chemosensitivity of tumor cells to cisplatinum, but not in normal cells in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, the survivin promoter-driving shRNA expression system targeting UHRF1 may play a vital and potential role for the treatment of specificity and high efficacy in human breast carcinomas. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s00280-011-1801-yAuthors Lin Fang, Department of Cli...

Breast and Ovarian Cancers: A Survey and Possible Roles for the Cell Surface Heparan Sulfate Proteoglycans

Journal of Histochemistry and Cytochemistry — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Tumor markers are widely used in pathology not only for diagnostic purposes but also to assess the prognosis and to predict the treatment of the tumor. Because tumor marker levels may change over time, it is important to get a better understanding of the molecular changes during tumor progression. Occurrence of breast and ovarian cancer is high in older women. Common known risk factors of developing these cancers in addition to age are not having children or having children at a later age, the use of hormone replacement therapy, and mutations in certain genes. In addition, women with a history of breast cancer may also develop ovarian cancer. Here, the authors review the different tumor markers of breast and ovarian carcinoma and discuss the expression, mutations, and possible roles of cel...

Pathological aspects of the intraductal spread of breast cancer.

Breast Cancer — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ohtake T, Yasuda M, Ito J, Watanabe K, Gonda K, Abe N, Ishii M, Sato Y, Momma T, Takenoshita S Abstract The intraductal spread of breast cancer is a major cause of local recurrence following breast-conserving therapy. To properly understand this pathology, three-dimensional (3D) cancer localization within the mammary ductal-lobular system (MDLS) is necessary. To this end we generated computer-assisted 3D reconstructions of all MDLSs using 2-mm-thick serial sections of surgically resected specimens. We then analyzed the characteristics of intraductal spread of breast cancer. In our study of quadrantectomy specimens from patients with primary invasive breast carcinoma, the intraductal spread of breast cancer was found to be continuous from the invasive tumor and spreading al...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Cell signaling pathways associated with a reduction in mammary cancer burden by dietary common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)

Carcinogenesis — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

This study sought to identify cancer-associated molecular targets that mediate the effects of bean on cancer burden in a chemically induced rat model for breast cancer. Initial experiments were conducted using a high dietary concentration of bean (60% wt/wt) where carcinoma burden in bean-fed rats was reduced 62.2% (P < 0.001) and histological and western blot analyses revealed that the dominant cellular process associated with reduced burden was induction of apoptosis. Further analysis of mammary carcinomas revealed changes in the phosphorylation states of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) substrates (4E-binding protein 1 and p70S6 kinase) and mTOR regulators adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase and protein kinase B (Akt) (P < 0.001). Effects on mTOR signaling in carc...

Trichostatin A reduced phospholipase C gamma-1 transcript and protein contents in MCF-7 breast cancer cells.

Biomedicine and pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine and pharmacotherapie — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Drzewiecka H, Jagodzinski PP Abstract It has recently been demonstrated that phospholipase C gamma-1 (PLCγ1) activation may contribute to breast carcinoma cell motility and their metastasis. Employing MCF-7 breast cancer cells, we showed the effect of trichostatin A (TSA) on the cellular contents of the PLCγ1 molecule. Using reverse transcription, real-time quantitative PCR and western blot analysis, we demonstrated that TSA reduced the PLCγ1 transcript and protein levels in MCF-7 cells. We also found that TSA decreased the half-life of the PLCγ1 transcript from approximately 7hours to 5hours. Moreover, we observed that protein synthesis appears to be essential in the TSA reduction of PLCγ1 mRNA stability. Since PLCγ1 activation is considered a key factor in the init...

Routine prophylactic sentinel lymph node biopsy is not indicated in women undergoing prophylactic mastectomy

Journal of Surgical Oncology — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsAlthough it is not uncommon to find occult carcinomas in the prophylactic breast, it is rare for the occult carcinoma to spread to the lymph nodes. Therefore, routine prophylactic SLNB is not indicated in patients undergoing PM. J. Surg. Oncol © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Surgical Oncology)

The AIB1 oncogene enhances human cholangiocarcinoma growth and chemoresistance by simultaneous activation of Akt and Nrf2 pathways

Hepatology — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion:AIB1 plays an important role in proliferation and chemoresistance of CCA through simultaneous activation of Akt and Nrf2 pathways, suggesting that AIB1 is a potential molecular target for CCA treatment. (HEPATOLOGY 2011.) (Source: Hepatology)

Type V collagen and protein kinase C η down‐regulation in 8701‐BC breast cancer cells

Molecular Carcinogenesis — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractWe previously reported that ductal infiltrating carcinomas (d.i.c.) of the human breast display profound modifications of the stromal architecture, associated with anomalous collagen composition. Among the major alterations observed in the interstitial collagen, the relative increase of type V collagen content was detected. When type V collagen was used as an “in vitro” substrate for 8701‐BC d.i.c. cells, it appeared able to restrain cell growth, inhibit cell motility and invasion “in vitro”, and modify the expression levels of genes coding for apoptosis factors, caspases and stress response proteins. In the present paper we demonstrate that type V collagen induces the down‐regulation of protein kinase C η, an event that may be, at least in part, responsible of the pre...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Atypical Hyperplasia on Core Biopsy: Is Further Surgery Needed?

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Upgrade rate to cancer after surgical excision was 11.3% of AH patients diagnosed on CNB. However, none of the variables are significant in determining the presence of malignancy associated with AH diagnosed by CNB. PMID: 22205116 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The American Journal of the Medical Sciences)

IgG4-Related Sclerosing Disease, an Emerging Entity: A Review of a Multi-System Disease.

Yonsei Medical Journal — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 03:59:17 +0100

Authors: Divatia M, Kim SA, Ro JY Abstract Immunoglobulin G4-related systemic disease (IgG4-RSD) is a recently defined emerging entity characterized by a diffuse or mass forming inflammatory reaction rich in IgG4-positive plasma cells associated with fibrosclerosis and obliterative phlebitis. IgG4-RSD usually affects middle aged and elderly patients, with a male predominance. It is associated with an elevated serum titer of IgG4, which acts as a marker for this recently characterized entity. The prototype is IgG4-related sclerosing pancreatitis or autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP). Other common sites of involvement are the hepatobiliary tract, salivary gland, orbit, and lymph node, however practically any organ can be involved, including upper aerodigestive tract, lung, aorta, mediasti...

8. Benign and malignant breast lesions mimicking each other: imaging-histopathologic correlation.

Cancer Imaging — Mon, 26 Dec 2011 17:24:03 +0100

Conclusion: There is overlap in the mammographic and sonographic features of benign and malignant breast lesions, especially those graded BIRADS 4, which may cause diagnostic confusion. Lesions graded BIRADS 3 are likely to remain benign and short-term follow-up rather than immediate biopsy is advised. PMID: 22186419 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cancer Imaging)

Breast MR with special focus on DW-MRI and DCE-MRI.

Cancer Imaging — Mon, 26 Dec 2011 17:24:03 +0100

Authors: Petralia G, Bonello L, Priolo F, Summers P, Bellomi M Abstract The use of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the assessment of breast lesions was first described in the 1970s; however, its wide application in clinical routine is relatively recent. The basic principles for diagnosis of a breast lesion rely on the evaluation of signal intensity in T2-weighted sequences, on morphologic assessment and on the evaluation of contrast enhancement behaviour. The quantification of dynamic contrast behaviour by dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI and evaluation of the diffusivity of water molecules by means of diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) have shown promise in the work-up of breast lesions. Therefore, breast MRI has gained a role for all indications that could benefit from its h...

Prevalence of the CTNNB1 mutation genotype in surgically resected fibromatosis of the breast

Histopathology — Sun, 25 Dec 2011 17:27:06 +0100

Conclusions: In the majority of cases, clinical presentation and breast imaging are highly suspicious for carcinoma. Definitive pre‐operative pathological diagnosis by core needle biopsy is difficult. CTNNB1 mutation and nuclear β‐catenin expression are frequently detected in sporadic breast fibromatoses, suggesting their potential as a useful tool to distinguish breast fibromatoses from other neoplasms. (Source: Histopathology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

An insulator loop resides between the synthetically interacting elements of the human/rat conserved breast cancer susceptibility locus MCS5A/Mcs5a

Nucleic Acids Research — Sun, 25 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

In this study, we show the presence of a conserved higher order chromatin structure in MCS5A/Mcs5a located in between the synthetically interacting genetic elements. The looped elements are shown to be bound by CTCF and cohesin. We identify the downregulation of Fbxo10 expression in T cells as a strong candidate mechanism through which the interacting genetic elements of the resistant Mcs5a allele modulate mammary carcinoma susceptibility. Finally, we show that the human MCS5A polymorphisms associated with breast cancer risk are located at both sides of the looped structure and functionally interact to downregulate transcriptional activity, similar to rat Mcs5a. We propose a mechanistic model for MCS5a/Mcs5a in which a CTCF-mediated insulator loop encompassing the TOMM5/Tomm5 gene, resides...

Hormone receptor and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 status evaluation on ThinPrep specimens from breast carcinoma

Cancer Cytopathology — Sun, 25 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:Alcohol‐based fixation seems not to affect the immunocytochemical evaluation of HR and HER2. Considering the high levels of agreement between the evaluation of HR and HER2, on both cytology specimens and on the corresponding FFPE tissue samples, the authors concluded that the TP technique can be routinely used for the biological characterization of IBC. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer Cytopathology)

Expressions of MAGE-A10 and MAGE-A11 in breast cancers and their prognostic significance: a retrospective clinical study

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology — Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:44:49 +0100

Conclusions MAGE-A10 and MAGE-A11 are tumor-specific antigens, and MAGE-A11 expression probably is a potential poor prognostic factor for breast cancer patients. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s00432-011-1122-xAuthors Yishui Lian, Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017 Hebei, People’s Republic of ChinaMeixiang Sang, Research Center, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017 Hebei, People’s Republic of ChinaChunyan Ding, Tumor Research Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, 050017 Hebei, People’s Republic of ChinaXinliang Zhou, Tumor Research Institute, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuan...

Expression of Tight Junction Molecules in Breast Carcinomas Analysed by Array PCR and Immunohistochemistry.

Pathology Oncology Research — Fri, 23 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Tőkés AM, Szász AM, Juhász E, Schaff Z, Harsányi L, Molnár IA, Baranyai Z, Besznyák I, Zaránd A, Salamon F, Kulka J Abstract In the past few decades an enormous amount of data became known to clarify the molecular composition and architecture of tight junctions (TJs). Despite the efforts, the expression and function of several TJ genes and proteins in breast carcinoma are still not known and some of the data are contradictory. The expression of forty-four TJ associated genes was examined at mRNA level in eighteen invasive ductal breast carcinoma samples and corresponding normal breast tissues by using low density array PCR. Expressions of claudins (CLDNs) 5, 10, 16, 17, and 18, and ZO-1, ZO-2 were evaluated by immunohistochemistry as well. Using immunohistochemical...

Diospyrin derivative, an anticancer quinonoid, regulates apoptosis at endoplasmic reticulum as well as mitochondria by modulating cytosolic calcium in human breast carcinoma cells.

Biochemical and Biophysical Research communications — Fri, 23 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Kumar B, Kumar A, Ghosh S, Pandey BN, Mishra KP, Hazra B Abstract Diospyrin diethylether (D7), a bisnaphthoquinonoid derivative, exhibited an oxidative stress-dependent apoptosis in several human cancer cells and tumor models. The present study was aimed at evaluation of the increase in cytosolic calcium [Ca(2+)](c) leading to the apoptotic cell death triggered by D7 in MCF7 human breast carcinoma cells. A phosphotidylcholine-specific phospholipase C (PC-PLC) inhibitor, viz. U73122, and an antioxidant, viz. N-acetylcysteine, could significantly prevent the D7-induced rise in [Ca(2+)](c) and PC-PLC activity. Using an endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-Ca(2+) mobilizer (thapsigargin) and an ER-IP3R antagonist (heparin), results revealed ER as a major source of [Ca(2+)](c) which led ...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Med Sci Monit 2012; 18(1):BR60-67 "Apoptosis – associated genes and their role in predicting responses to neoadjuvant breast cancer treatment"

Medical Science Monitor — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 19:17:00 +0100

Conclusions: Gene expression profiling using real-time PCR assay is a valuable research tool for the investigation of molecular markers, which reflect tumor biology and treatment response. (Source: Medical Science Monitor)

An unusual case of metaplastic breast carcinoma following neoadjuvant chemotherapy

Pathology International — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 17:25:15 +0100

(Source: Pathology International)

Comparative Effectiveness of Positron Emission Mammography and MRI in the Contralateral Breast of Women With Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer

American Journal of Roentgenology — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION. Contralateral cancer was found in 15 of 367 women (4.1%), with MRI showing 14 (93%). Eleven contralateral cancers (73%) were visible on PEM, but only three (20%) were recognized prospectively as suspicious. Lesions that are visible on PEM should be viewed as suspicious unless known to be benign by prior breast imaging or biopsy. (Source: American Journal of Roentgenology)

Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Breast during Pregnancy: A Case Report

Clinical and Developmental Immunology — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 23:54:28 +0100

We report a case of SCCB in a 30-year-old primigravida that had an aggressive propensity and fatal outcome. (Source: Clinical and Developmental Immunology)

Psoriasin (S100A7) increases the expression of ROS and VEGF and acts through RAGE to promote endothelial cell proliferation

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 20:04:56 +0100

Abstract Psoriasin (S100A7), originally identified in psoriasis, is a calcium-binding protein belonging to the multigenic S100 family. In high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ, psoriasin was identified as one of the most abundant transcripts. We have previously shown that psoriasin was induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Moreover, the downregulation of psoriasin by short hairpin RNA (shRNA) led to the reduced expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and inhibited tumor growth in vivo. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether psoriasin could have direct effects on endothelial cells. In this study we demonstrated that psoriasin increased VEGF expression in mammary epithelial cells. The treatment of endothelial cells with recombinant psoriasi...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Evaluation of Dual Immunohistochemistry and Chromogenic In Situ Hybridization for HER2 on a Single Section.

American Journal of Clinical Pathology — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:13:58 +0100

Authors: Reisenbichler ES, Horton D, Rasco M, Andea A, Hameed O Abstract The evaluation of HER2 status in invasive breast carcinoma can be performed by multiple methods. We assessed the feasibility of performing 2 of these, chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) and immunohistochemical staining, on single tissue sections of breast carcinoma. During assay development, sequential performance of immunohistochemical staining after CISH resulted in weaker HER2 expression than that obtained when immunohistochemical staining was performed alone; this was ameliorated by increased antibody incubation time. Performance of both techniques in a combined/hybrid protocol resulted in HER2 protein expression and gene signals identical to those produced by the individual techniques performed alon...

[Breast cancer after Hodgkin disease.]

Gynecologie, Obstetrique et Fertilite — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

We report a case of bilateral intraductal and invasive carcinoma that occurred 16 years after treatments for HD, developing its particularities in diagnosis and treatment, particularly place of conservative treatments and sentinel lymph node biopsy. PMID: 22192693 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gynecologie, Obstetrique et Fertilite)

Upregulated IL-19 in breast cancer promotes tumor progression and affects clinical outcome.

Clinical Cancer Research — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: High IL-19 expression in breast cancer tissue is associated with a poor clinical outcome. IL-19 is pivotal in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. PMID: 22186257 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Cancer Research)

Fully covered removable nitinol self-expandable metal stents (SEMS) in malignant strictures of the esophagus: a multicenter analysis

Surgical Endoscopy — Sat, 17 Dec 2011 06:43:54 +0100

Conclusions Our study suggests that fully covered SEMS placement improve dysphagia scores in patients with malignant strictures, particularly in the unresectable population. Further technical improvements in design to minimize long-term malfunction and migration are required. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00464-011-2089-zAuthors Jayant P. Talreja, Digestive Health Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USAMohamad A. Eloubeidi, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USABryan G. Sauer, Digestive Health Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USABasil S. Al-Awabdy, Digestive Health Center, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USATercio Lopes, Division of Gastroentero...

Lymphangioma circumscriptum-like presentation of breast carcinoma

Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology — Sat, 17 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Dilek Bayramgürler, Evren Odyakmaz Demirsoy, Nurşah Doğan, Kürşat Yıldız, Zafer UtkanIndian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology 2012 78(1):121-121 (Source: Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Current trends in TSH suppression therapy for patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma in Japan: results of a questionnaire distributed to councilors of the Japanese Society of Thyroid Surgery

Surgery Today — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 06:53:23 +0100

Conclusions Our survey demonstrated that TSH suppression therapy is a common adjuvant therapy, but that the criteria for adjustment, the indications for and the duration of this therapy have not been standardized in Japan. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00595-011-0091-7Authors Katsuhiro Tanaka, Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192 JapanHiroshi Sonoo, Department of Breast and Thyroid Surgery, Kawasaki Medical School, 577 Matsushima, Kurashiki, 701-0192 Japan Journal Surgery TodayOnline ISSN 1436-2813Print ISSN 0941-1291 (Source: Surgery Today)

A mitotically active, cellular tumor stroma and/or inflammatory cells associated with tumor cells may contribute to intermediate or high Oncotype DX Recurrence Scores in low-grade invasive breast carcinomas

Modern Pathology AOP — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

A mitotically active, cellular tumor stroma and/or inflammatory cells associated with tumor cells may contribute to intermediate or high Oncotype DX Recurrence Scores in low-grade invasive breast carcinomas Modern Pathology advance online publication, December 16, 2011. doi:10.1038/modpathol.2011.194 Authors: Geza Acs, Nicole N Esposito, John Kiluk, Loretta Loftus & Christine Laronga (Source: Modern Pathology AOP)

A novel inhibitor of fatty acid synthase shows activity against HER2+ breast cancer xenografts and is active in anti-HER2 drug-resistant cell lines

Breast Cancer Research — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: G28UCM inhibits FASN activity and the growth of breast carcinoma xenografts in vivo, and is active in cells with acquired resistance to anti-HER2 drugs, which make it a candidate for further pre-clinical development. (Source: Breast Cancer Research)

A comparison of the demographics, clinical features, and survival of patients with adenoid cystic carcinoma of major and minor salivary glands versus less common sites within the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry

Cancer — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:The demographics and clinical features of patients with ACC differ by disease site. The current results indicated that site may be an important predictor of survival for patients who present with localized disease but is less important for patients who present with regional disease. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)

The prognostic significance of lymphovascular invasion in invasive breast carcinoma

Cancer — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:LVI provided a strong predictor of outcome in patients with invasive breast cancer and should be incorporated into breast cancer staging systems. Cancer 2012;. © 2011 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Why the term ‘low-grade ductal carcinoma in situ’ should be changed to ‘borderline breast disease’: diagnostic and clinical implications

Future Medicine: Women's Health — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 16:11:56 +0100

Women's Health , January 2012, Vol. 8, No. 1, Pages 57-62. (Source: Future Medicine: Women's Health)

Chromosomal rearrangements and fusion genes in carcinoma.

Bulletin du Cancer — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Massard C, Auger N, Lacroix L, Bénard J Abstract In the last decades, rarity of chromosomal rearrangements and fusion genes detected in epithelial cancers in using classical karyotyping led to consider these genomic events as specifically restricted to haematological neoplasia and mesenchymal tumors. Today, gene positioning as well as bio-informatics approaches has enabled identifying in carcinoma various fusion genes subsequent to chromosomal translocations, inversions, or deletions. Thus, gene fusion formation appears as a common mechanism in oncology that concerns most of human cancers, independent of original tissue lineage. At a clinical point of view, applications of fusion genes in terms of diagnosis, prognosis and therapeutics can be envisioned. This review will p...

Classical lobular breast carcinoma consistently lacks topoisomerase‐IIα gene amplification: implications for the tailored use of anthracycline‐based chemotherapies

Histopathology — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: In the era of personalized and tailored therapies, we suggest that patients affected by the classical lobular subtype of breast carcinoma constantly lack the ad hoc predictive rationale for receiving common chemotherapy that includes anthracyclines. (Source: Histopathology)

Gene amplification of ESR1 in breast cancers ‐ Fact or fiction? A fluorescence in situ hybridization and multiplex ligation‐dependent probe amplification study

The Journal of Pathology — Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractEstrogen receptor‐alpha (ERα), encoded by the ESR1 gene located on 6q25, is a nuclear transcription factor. Since it was reported in 2007 that more than 20% of breast cancers show ESR1 gene amplification, there has been considerable controversy about its frequency and clinical significance. We set out to assess the frequency and levels of ESR1 amplification in breast cancers. In a total of 106 breast needle biopsy specimens examined by immunohistochemistry, 78 tumors contained more than 10% ERα‐positive cancer cells. In fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) analysis with an ESR1‐specific probe, variously extended ESR1 signals were found in ERα‐expressing cells. Some of these were indistinguishable from large clustered signals generally accepted to mean high‐level g...