MedWorm: Burkitt Lymphoma

Denis Parsons Burkitt CMG, MD, DSc, FRS, FRCS, FTCD (1911–93) Irish by birth, Trinity by the grace of God

British Journal of Haematology — Wed, 08 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

SummaryDenis Parsons Burkitt, surgeon and research scientist, is a household name in the medical profession. Denis received his BA in 1933 and graduated as a physician in 1935 from Trinity College, Dublin. After serving as a surgeon in the Royal Army Medicine Corps during World War II, he worked as a surgeon and lecturer in Africa. It was in Africa that he developed exceptional observational and analytical skills, which led him to identify and formally develop a successful treatment for a childhood cancer that is now called Burkitt Lymphoma. The influence of Christianity in his life was huge. Throughout his life he remained extremely modest, attributing much of what he had achieved to the work of others. Denis's contributions to haemato‐oncology remain salient today, and his discoveries ...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Burkitt lymphoma in UGANDA, the legacy of Denis Burkitt and an update on the disease status

British Journal of Haematology — Wed, 08 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

SummaryBurkitt lymphoma (BL) was first described in Uganda in 1958 as a sarcoma of the jaw but later confirmed to be a distinct form of Non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). This discovery was the defining moment of cancer research in Uganda, which eventually led to the establishment of a dedicated cancer research institute, the Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI) in 1967. The centre was dedicated to Denis Burkitt in recognition of his contribution to cancer research in East Africa. BL is still the commonest NHL in childhood in Uganda. Its incidence has significantly increased recently due to yet unknown factors. Although the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was considered a possible reason for the increase, there is no evidence that it has substantially impacted on the epidemiology of the disease. Howe...

Primary central nervous system B cell lymphoma with features intermediate between diffuse large B cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma.

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 13:36:02 +0100

We report a case of a primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) with findings consistent with DLBCL/BL. It is characterized by a very aggressive clinical course, and a widespread multifocal involvement of the CNS. Our case shows that a DLBCL/BL can manifest in the CNS alone without any systemic involvement. PMID: 22295149 [PubMed - in process] (Source: International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology)

Burkitt lymphoma: staging and response evaluation

British Journal of Haematology — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

SummaryThe refinements in both the staging and response evaluation of children with Burkitt lymphoma (BL) have contributed to the improvements in treatment outcome observed over the past 40 years. Ziegler and Magrath designed a staging system in the 1970s for children with BL in equatorial Africa. Currently, the most widely used staging system around the world is that described by Murphy in 1980, which was developed for children with non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) of any histology. There are opportunities for refinement in this system, particularly with respect to certain extra‐nodal sites, such as skin and bone. The findings obtained at diagnosis with novel technologies (functional imaging [e.g., positron emission tomography [PET]] and minimal residual disease [MRD] technology), which ar...

Into and out of Africa – taking over from Denis Burkitt

British Journal of Haematology — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

SummaryDenis Burkitt's description of the eponymous lymphoma in 1958 in Uganda, opened up a vast and important field of enquiry in haematology and oncology. His pioneering experiments with chemotherapy demonstrated the possibility of cure, often with a single dose. His geographical explorations showed the tumour to be delimited by climate, suggesting an infectious cause vectored by mosquitoes. His clinical observations furthered the field of cancer immunotherapy. And his collegial, inquisitive nature facilitated the development of an enduring cancer research centre in Kampala. Burkitt's legacy in Uganda has wide‐reaching effects that endure not only in Uganda but also throughout the haematology‐oncology community to this day. (Source: British Journal of Haematology)

Nailing Burkitt lymphoma

British Journal of Haematology — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: British Journal of Haematology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Burkitt's lymphoma of an ileal pouch following restorative proctocolectomy

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)

Advanced Stage, Increased Lactate Dehydrogenase, and Primary Site, but Not Adolescent Age (>= 15 Years), Are Associated With an Increased Risk of Treatment Failure in Children and Adolescents With Mature B-Cell Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma: Results of the FAB LMB 96 Study [Hematologic Malignancies]

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion LDH level at diagnosis, mediastinal disease, and combined BM-positive/CNS-positive involvement are independent risk factors in children with mature B-cell NHL. Future studies should be developed to identify specific therapeutic strategies (immunotherapy) to overcome these risk factors and to identify the biologic basis associated with these prognostic factors in children with mature B-cell NHL. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

[Oral Burkitt lymphoma in an immunocompetent patient.]

Archives de Pediatrie — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

We report a case of Burkitt lymphoma of the jaws in an immunocompetent adolescent, revealed by intraoral swelling. An orthopantomogram showed multiple osteolytic lesions. Biopsy revealed Burkitt lymphoma. The disease was treated with chemotherapy. Complete remission was attained 15 months after the end of treatment. Burkitt lymphomas accounts for 30-40% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas in children, with diagnosis confirmed by histology. Immunophenotyping completes the diagnosis by identifying the presence of B markers. Chemotherapy is currently the main treatment of BL, because of the high chemosensitivity of the tumor and its low radiosensitivity. Overall survival in localized stages is close to 100%. PMID: 22285713 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Archives de Pediatrie)

Epidemiology: clues to the pathogenesis of Burkitt lymphoma

British Journal of Haematology — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 21:51:02 +0100

SummaryThe two major epidemiological clues to the pathogenesis of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) are the geographical association with malaria – BL incidence relates to the malaria transmission rate – and early infection by Epstein–Barr virus (EBV). Both agents cause B cell hyperplasia, which is almost certainly an essential component of lymphomagenesis in BL. The critical event in lymphomagenesis is the creation of a MYC translocation, bringing the MYC gene into juxtaposition with immunoglobulin genes and causing its ectopic expression, thereby driving the proliferation of BL cells. It is highly likely that such translocations are mediated by the activation‐induced cytidine deaminase (AID) gene, which is responsible for hypervariable region mutations as well as class switching. Stimulation...

Risk factors and treatment of childhood and adolescent Burkitt lymphoma/leukaemia

British Journal of Haematology — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

SummaryBurkitt lymphoma/leukaemia is the most common (40%) form of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma that occurs in children and adolescents. The prognosis of advanced (disseminated) Burkitt lymphoma/leukaemia in children and adolescents three decades ago had a 5‐year event‐free survival (EFS) of <40%, and required combination chemotherapy and radiation therapy over a 1–2 year period. Currently, the prognosis for the same advanced stage has a 5‐year EFS of 85–90% with <6 months of chemotherapy only. Radiation therapy has been eliminated for children and adolescents with Burkitt lymphoma/leukaemia except in emergencies, such as superior vena cava syndrome and acute neurological impairment or in patients with relapse/progression. Current risk factors in the prognosis of childhood and ...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

PTLD Burkitt Lymphoma in a Patient with Remote Lymphomatoid Granulomatosis

Journal of Nanomaterials — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 15:27:25 +0100

We report the case of a patient with renal transplantation for SLE, who presented, 9 months after renal transplantation, an EBV-associated LG limited to the intracranial structures that recovered completely after adjustment of her immunosuppressive treatment. Nine years later, she developed a second PTLD disorder with central nervous system initial manifestation. Workup revealed an EBV-positive PTLD Burkitt lymphoma, widely disseminated in most organs. In summary, the reported patient presented two lymphoproliferative disorders (LG and Burkitt's lymphoma), both with initial neurological manifestation, at 9 years interval. With careful reduction of the immunosuppression after the first manifestation and with the use of chemotherapy combined with radiotherapy after the second manifestation, ...

Burkitt lymphoma: the role of Epstein‐Barr virus revisited

British Journal of Haematology — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

SummaryThe particular epidemiological features of Burkitt lymphoma (BL) in Tropical Africa, first described by Denis Burkitt in 1958, initiated the search for a virus that induces malignant B cell lymphomas in humans and is transmitted by arthropods. The herpes virus (Epstein‐Barr virus, EBV) discovered by Epstein and collaborators in cell lines established from BL biopsies fulfilled some of these predictions. It drives primary B cells into unlimited proliferation, induces malignant B cell lymphomas in immunocompromised individuals (post‐transplant lympho‐proliferative disease, PTLD) in vivo, and footprints of the virus are generally detected in African BL biopsies supporting a causative role of the virus in the pathogenesis of BL. The virus is, however, not transmitted by arthropods...

Synthesis of anticancer heptapeptides containing a unique lipophilic β2,2‐amino acid building block

Journal of Peptide Science — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

We report a series of synthetic anticancer heptapeptides (H‐KKWβ2,2WKK‐NH2) containing eight different central lipophilic β2,2‐amino acid building blocks, which have demonstrated high efficiency when used as scaffolds in small cationic antimicrobial peptides and peptidomimetics. The most potent peptides in the present study had IC50 values of 9–23 µm against human Burkitt's lymphoma and murine B‐cell lymphoma and were all nonhaemolytic (EC50 > 200 µm). The most promising peptide 10e also demonstrated low toxicity against human embryonic lung fibroblast cells and peripheral blood mononuclear cells and exceptional proteolytic stability. Copyright © 2012 European Peptide Society and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.We report a series of synthetic anticancer heptapeptides (...

Viral infections and human cancers: the legacy of Denis Burkitt

British Journal of Haematology — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

SummaryDenis Parsons Burkitt was born in 1911, and in the late 1950s, described the disease that has come to be known as Burkitt lymphoma based on cases he observed in Uganda. Subsequently, Burkitt lymphoma was recognized as the first human tumour associated with an infectious agent when Epstein–Barr virus was isolated from samples supplied by Burkitt. It is now recognized that over one‐quarter of cancers worldwide are tied to infections. Notably, liver cancer is linked to hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infections, and cervical cancer to infections involving the human papilloma viruses. In addition, immunocompromise arising from infection with the human immunodeficiency virus allows tumours (e.g., Kaposi sarcoma) caused by other viruses to arise. More than 50 years after the...

Burkitt lymphoma and the discovery of Epstein–Barr virus

British Journal of Haematology — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

SummaryThe chance germinal encounter with the first lecture outside Africa on Burkitt lymphoma is described together with the hypothesis of a viral cause. Repeated virological investigations on lymphoma biopsies proved negative, leading to the idea that a latent virus might be activated if lymphoma cells could be cultured, although no human lymphoid cell had at that time ever been maintained in vitro. A chance event reminding of the need for suspension culture with mouse lymphomas led to success. The cultured cells carried a morphologically unequivocal, strangely inert, herpesvirus shown later to be immunologically, biologically and biochemically unique. How this new agent acquired its name, Epstein–Barr virus, is explained. (Source: British Journal of Haematology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

CD68+ cell numbers and dendritic cell numbers and phenotype fail to predict the presence of a MYC rearrangement in aggressive B-cell lymphomas

Journal of Hematopathology — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 06:58:24 +0100

Abstract MYC rearrangements are frequently associated with aggressive B-cell lymphomas, such as Burkitt’s lymphoma. We sought surrogate markers of MYC rearrangements that might obviate the need for a complex and expensive technique such as fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH). We show that numbers of CD68+ macrophages/dendritic cells (DCs), DC-SIGN+ myeloid DCs and CD123+ plasmacytoid DCs fail to correlate with MYC rearrangement, although a starry sky appearance shows positive correlation (p = 0.003) when statistical analysis is performed on all three diagnostic groups together. We conclude that FISH is required to investigate the presence of a MYC rearrangement in cases of aggressive B-cell lymphoma, in order to guide the chemotherapeutic regime offered to the pa...

Glucose-Independent Glutamine Metabolism via TCA Cycling for Proliferation and Survival in B Cells.

Cell Metabolism — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Le A, Lane AN, Hamaker M, Bose S, Gouw A, Barbi J, Tsukamoto T, Rojas CJ, Slusher BS, Zhang H, Zimmerman LJ, Liebler DC, Slebos RJ, Lorkiewicz PK, Higashi RM, Fan TW, Dang CV Abstract Because MYC plays a causal role in many human cancers, including those with hypoxic and nutrient-poor tumor microenvironments, we have determined the metabolic responses of a MYC-inducible human Burkitt lymphoma model P493 cell line to aerobic and hypoxic conditions, and to glucose deprivation, using stable isotope-resolved metabolomics. Using [U-(13)C]-glucose as the tracer, both glucose consumption and lactate production were increased by MYC expression and hypoxia. Using [U-(13)C,(15)N]-glutamine as the tracer, glutamine import and metabolism through the TCA cycle persisted under hypoxia, ...

Recurrent deletions of the TNFSF7 and TNFSF9 genes in 19p13.3 in diffuse large B‐cell and burkitt lymphomas

International Journal of Cancer — Sat, 31 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractA single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)‐chip analysis of 98 cases of aggressive Bcell lymphomas revealed a recurrent deletion at 19p13 in 9 of the cases. Six further cases with deletions encompassing this region were found in array‐comparative genomic hybridization data of 295 aggressive B‐cell lymphomas from a previous study. Three cases even showed a homozygous deletion, suggesting a tumor suppressor gene in the deleted region. Two genes encoding members of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily were located in the minimally deleted region, i.e. TNFSF7 and TNFSF9. As no mutations were found within the coding exons of the remaining alleles in the lymphomas with heterozygous deletions, we speculate that the deletions may mostly function through a haploinsufficiency mechanism. T...

Addition of Rituximab to High-Dose Methotrexate-Based Chemotherapy Improves Survival of Adults with Burkitt Lymphoma/Leukemia.

Acta Haematologica — Sat, 31 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Dujmovic D, Aurer I, Radman I, Serventi-Seiwerth R, Dotlic S, Stern-Padovan R, Dubravcic K, Santek F, Labar B PMID: 22212303 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Acta Haematologica)

Addition of Rituximab to High-Dose Methotrexate-Based Chemotherapy Improves Survival of Adults with Burkitt Lymphoma/Leukemia

Karger Publishers — Fri, 30 Dec 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Acta Haematol 2012;127:115–117 (DOI:10.1159/000334705) (Source: Karger Publishers)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Type I interferons directly down-regulate BCL-6 in primary and transformed germinal center B cells: Differential regulation in B cell lines derived from endemic or sporadic Burkitt's lymphoma.

Cytokine — Mon, 26 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Salamon D, Adori M, He M, Bönelt P, Severinson E, Kis LL, Wu L, Ujvari D, Leveau B, Nagy N, Klein G, Klein E Abstract Type I interferons (IFN) exert multiple effects on both the innate and adaptive immune system in addition to their antiviral and antiproliferative activities. Little is known, however about the direct effects of type I IFNs on germinal center (GC) B cells, the central components of adaptive B cell responses. We used Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) lines, as a model system of normal human GC B cells, to examine the effect of type I IFNs on the expression of BCL-6, the major regulator of the GC reaction. We show that type I IFNs, but not IFNγ, IL-2 and TNFα rapidly down-regulate BCL-6 protein and mRNA expression, in cell lines derived from endemic, but not from sp...

A shared gene expression signature in mouse models of EBV-associated and non-EBV-associated Burkitt lymphoma

Blood — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

The link between EBV infection and Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is strong, but the mechanism underlying that link has been elusive. We have developed a mouse model for EBV-associated BL in which LMP2A, an EBV latency protein, and MYC are expressed in B cells. Our model has demonstrated the ability of LMP2A to accelerate tumor onset, increase spleen size, and bypass p53 inactivation. Here we describe the results of total gene expression analysis of tumor and pretumor B cells from our transgenic mouse model. Although we see many phenotypic differences and changes in gene expression in pretumor B cells, the transcriptional profiles of tumor cells from LMP2A/-MYC and -MYC mice are strikingly similar, with fewer than 20 genes differentially expressed. We evaluated the functional significance of one of...

Expert second-opinion pathology review of lymphoma in the era of the World Health Organization classification

Annals of Oncology — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Clinically meaningful diagnostic revision occurs frequently with expert pathology review for a diagnosis of lymphoma. Despite the WHO classification, rates of diagnostic revision at our institution in 2001 and 2006 did not differ significantly. Given the potential harm from misdiagnosis, expert hematopathology review should be considered the standard of care. (Source: Annals of Oncology)

Coupled transcriptome and proteome analysis of human lymphotropic tumor viruses: insights on the detection and discovery of viral genes

BMC Genomics - Latest articles — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: This systems biology approach coupling proteome and transcriptome measurements provides a comprehensive view of viral gene expression that could not have been attained using each methodology independently. Detection of viral proteins in combination with viral transcripts is a potentially powerful method for establishing virus-disease relationships. (Source: BMC Genomics - Latest articles)

Synergism between arsenite and proteasome inhibitor MG132 over cell death in myeloid leukaemic cells U937 and the induction of low levels of intracellular superoxide anion.

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology — Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lombardo T, Cavaliere V, Costantino SN, Kornblihtt L, Alvarez EM, Blanco GA Abstract Increased oxygen species production has often been cited as a mechanism determining synergism on cell death and growth inhibition effects of arsenic-combined drugs. However the net effect of drug combination may not be easily anticipated solely from available knowledge of drug-induced death mechanisms. We evaluated the combined effect of sodium arsenite with the proteasome inhibitor MG132, and the anti-leukaemic agent CAPE, on growth-inhibition and cell death effect in acute myeloid leukaemic cells U937 and Burkitt's lymphoma-derived Raji cells, by the Chou-Talalay method. In addition we explored the association of cytotoxic effect of drugs with changes in intracellular superoxide anion (O...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

The nucleotide polymorphisms within the Epstein–Barr virus C and Q promoters from nasopharyngeal carcinoma affect transcriptional activity in vitro

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 17:01:04 +0100

In this study, we determined nucleotides polymorphisms in the Cp and Qp promoter regions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from Cantonese healthy carriers and in biopsies of NPC, nasal NK/T lymphoma, BL, and gastric carcinoma. The sequence changes of −12G>T and +69 C>T in Cp and −197 G>A and +1 G>C in Qp were frequently identified in NPC. Transient transfection studies using luciferase gene reporters revealed a significant reduction (57.11%) in gene expression from the Cp +69T variant and increased expression (43.5%) from the Qp +1C variant compared to the prototype, suggesting that these sequence variations affect promoter activity. Our results indicate that the nucleotides polymorphisms in Cp and Qp occur frequently in NPC and might contribute to the onc...

Burkitt-Like Lymphoma Arising in the Thyroid Gland.

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences — Fri, 02 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: In patients with lymphoma diagnosed on fine needle aspiration, an incisional thyroid and bone marrow biopsies are required to aid in the diagnosis and assure the appropriate chemotherapy protocol. PMID: 22143121 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The American Journal of the Medical Sciences)

Histone deacetylase inhibitor potentiates chemotherapy-induced apoptosis through Bim upregulation in Burkitt’s lymphoma cells

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology — Wed, 30 Nov 2011 18:42:27 +0100

Conclusions The study provides strong evidence for the synergistic effects of the association with HDCI and chemotherapy in BL cells. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s00432-011-1093-yAuthors Ana Carolina dos Santos Ferreira, Programa de Pesquisa em Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Coordenação Geral Técnico-Científica, Instituto Nacional de Câncer-INCA, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilRenan Amphilophio Fernandes, Programa de Pesquisa em Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Coordenação Geral Técnico-Científica, Instituto Nacional de Câncer-INCA, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilJolie Kiemlian Kwee, Programa de Pesquisa em Hemato-Oncologia Molecular, Coordenação Geral Técnico-Científica, Instituto Nacional de Câncer-INCA, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilClaudete ...

99mTc-labeled Rituximab for Imaging B Lymphocyte Infiltration in Inflammatory Autoimmune Disease Patients

Molecular Imaging and Biology — Wed, 30 Nov 2011 09:19:22 +0100

Conclusion Rituximab can be efficiently labelled with 99mTc with high labelling efficiency. The results suggest that this technique might be used to assess B lymphocyte infiltration in affected organs in patients with autoimmune diseases; this may provide a rationale for anti-CD20 therapies. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research ArticlePages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s11307-011-0527-xAuthors G. Malviya, Nuclear Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, ItalyK. L. Anzola, Nuclear Medicine Unit, Clinica Colsanitas, Bogotà, ColombiaE. Podestà, Allergy, Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, “Sapienza” University of Rome, Rome, ItalyB. Laganà, All...

Classification of Epstein-Barr Virus-Positive Gastric Cancers by Definition of DNA Methylation Epigenotypes

Cancer Research — Tue, 29 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is associated with Burkitt lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, opportunistic lymphomas in immunocompromised hosts, and a fraction of gastric cancers. Aberrant promoter methylation accompanies human gastric carcinogenesis, though the contribution of EBV to such somatic methylation changes has not been fully clarified. We analyzed promoter methylation in gastric cancer cases with Illumina's Infinium BeadArray and used hierarchical clustering analysis to classify gastric cancers into 3 subgroups: EBV−/low methylation, EBV−/high methylation, and EBV+/high methylation. The 3 epigenotypes were characterized by 3 groups of genes: genes methylated specifically in the EBV+ tumors (e.g., CXXC4, TIMP2, and PLXND1), genes methylated both in EBV+ and EBV−/high tumors (e...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Sorafenib, a multi‐kinase inhibitor, is effective in vitro against non hodgkin lymphoma and synergizes with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin

American Journal of Hematology — Wed, 23 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractNon‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) represents a heterogenous group of neoplasias originating from lymphoid cells. Increased angiogenesis and expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFR) have been found to be associated with NHL disease progression. Increase in VEGF and other cytokines stimulate signaling cascades including the Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk pathway resulting in increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis. Here, we report the in vitro anti‐lymphoma activity of sorafenib, an inhibitor of VEGFR and Raf kinase. Sorafenib induced potent cytotoxicity in NHL cell lines and patient samples. This induction of cytotoxicity was associated with a corresponding increase in apoptotic cell death. Mechanism of action of sorafenib was investigated in follicula...

Sorafenib, a multikinase inhibitor, is effective in vitro against non‐hodgkin lymphoma and synergizes with the mTOR inhibitor rapamycin

American Journal of Hematology — Wed, 23 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractNon‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) represents a heterogenous group of neoplasias originating from lymphoid cells. Increased angiogenesis and expression of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) and its receptors (VEGFR) have been found to be associated with NHL disease progression. Increase in VEGF and other cytokines stimulate signaling cascades, including the Ras/Raf/Mek/Erk pathway, resulting in increased proliferation and decreased apoptosis. Here, we report the in vitro antilymphoma activity of sorafenib, an inhibitor of VEGFR and Raf kinase. Sorafenib induced potent cytotoxicity in NHL cell lines and patient samples. This induction of cytotoxicity was associated with a corresponding increase in apoptotic cell death. Mechanism of action of sorafenib was investigated in follicular...

RD‐CODOX‐M/IVAC with rituximab and intrathecal liposomal cytarabine in adult Burkitt lymphoma and ‘unclassifiable’ highly aggressive B‐cell lymphoma

British Journal of Haematology — Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

SummarySpecific trials on adult Burkitt lymphoma (BL) and ‘unclassifiable’ lymphomas with features intermediate between BL and diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (BL/DLBCL) are advocated which include substantial numbers of older patients, to improve treatment feasibility, while countering risks of systemic and central nervous system (CNS) recurrences. We prospectively evaluated a modified CODOX‐M/IVAC (CODOX‐M: cyclophosphamide, vincristine, doxorubicin, high‐dose methotrexate; IVAC: ifosfamide, etoposide and high‐dose cytarabine) regimen by the addition of rituximab (R) and liposome‐encapsulated cytarabine (D) to increase antitumour activity and halve the number of intrathecal treatments. Thirty adults (40% >60 years) with BL (n = 15) and BL/DLBCL (n = 15) were ac...

Characterization of Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus-Related Lymphomas by DNA Microarray Analysis

Laser Chemistry — Sun, 20 Nov 2011 12:23:08 +0100

Among herpesviruses, γ-herpesviruses are supposed to have typical oncogenic activities. Two human γ-herpesviruses, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), are putative etiologic agents for Burkitt lymphoma, nasopharyngeal carcinoma, and some cases of gastric cancers, and Kaposi's sarcoma, multicentric Castleman's disease, and primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) especially in AIDS setting for the latter case, respectively. Since such two viruses mentioned above are highly species specific, it has been quite difficult to prove their oncogenic activities in animal models. Nevertheless, the viral oncogenesis is epidemiologically and/or in vitro experimentally evident. This time, we investigated gene expression profiles of KSHV-oriented lymphoma cell...

MYC Regulation through G4 in Euchromatin [Molecular Biophysics]

Journal of Biological Chemistry — Fri, 18 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Most transcription of the MYC proto-oncogene initiates in the near upstream promoter, within which lies the nuclease hypersensitive element (NHE) III1 region containing the CT-element. This dynamic stretch of DNA can form at least three different topologies: single-stranded DNA, double-stranded DNA, or higher order secondary structures that silence transcription. In the current report, we identify the ellipticine analog GQC-05 (NSC338258) as a high affinity, potent, and selective stabilizer of the MYC G-quadruplex (G4). In cells, GQC-05 induced cytotoxicity with corresponding decreased MYC mRNA and altered protein binding to the NHE III1 region, in agreement with a G4 stabilizing compound. We further describe a unique feature of the Burkitt's lymphoma cell line CA46 that allowed us to clea...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Sporadic Burkitt lymphoma in southern China: 12 years' experience in a single institution in Guangzhou

Journal of Clinical Pathology — Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion sBL is rare and mainly affects male children, with predominantly extranodal presentation. MUM1 expression was found in some sBLs. EBER expression was found in 29.4% of sBLs from southern China, an area with a well-known high incidence of nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which is closely associated with Epstein–Barr virus infection. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)

Acute or Chronic Life-Threatening Diseases Associated With Epstein-Barr Virus Infection.

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences — Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Okano M, Gross TG Abstract Infectious mononucleosis (IM) is one of the representative, usually benign, acute diseases associated with primary Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. IM is generally self-limiting and is characterized mostly by transient fever, lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly. However, very rarely primary EBV infection results in severe or fatal conditions such as hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis together with fulminant hepatitis designated as severe or fatal IM or EBV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis alone. In addition, chronic EBV-associated diseases include Burkitt's lymphoma, undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (LPD)/lymphoma, natural killer-cell LPD including leukemia or lymp...

Establishment of Recombinant Hybrid‐IgG / IgA Immunoglobulin Specific for Shiga Toxin

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology — Wed, 16 Nov 2011 01:29:43 +0100

AbstractShiga toxin 1 produced by enterohaemorrhagic Escherichia coli is an AB5 toxin that is involved in the life‐threatening haemolytic‐uraemic syndrome. The B subunits (Stx1B) are cell‐binding subunits. We previously established mouse hybridoma cell line producing IgA and IgG monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against Stx1B. Here, we cloned cDNAs encoding each of the heavy, light and joining (J) chains from the hybridoma cell lines by means of the 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) PCR method. Upon assignment of the variable regions of the heavy and light chains to known germline sequences, we found substantial somatic hypermutation in the complementarity‐determining regions in both the IgA and IgG mAbs. We also established a hybrid‐IgG/IgA heavy chain having variable regi...

Prognostic significance of biochemical markers in African Burkitt’s lymphoma

Clinical and Translational Oncology — Tue, 15 Nov 2011 16:55:02 +0100

Conclusion The better monitoring of these prognostic indices coupled with risk-stratification treatment may improve patients’ survival, especially in resource-limited settings. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research ArticlesPages 731-736DOI 10.1007/s12094-011-0724-8Authors Fareed Kow Nanse Arthur, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, GhanaLawrence Owusu, Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology College of Science, Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, GhanaFrancis Agyemang Yeboah, Department of Molecular Medicine School of Medical Sciences (SMS), Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology (KNUST), Kumasi, GhanaTheresa Rett...

Clinical characteristics, treatment and outcome of childhood Burkitt's lymphoma at the Uganda Cancer Institute

Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene — Fri, 11 Nov 2011 22:43:21 +0100

Summary: Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is a major cause of death among Ugandan children. We studied clinical characteristics and outcomes of childhood BL over time at the Uganda Cancer Institute (UCI). A total of 1217 children (766 boys, 451 girls, mean age 6.69 years) diagnosed with BL between 1985 and 2005 were included. There were no significant changes in the proportion of boys and girls diagnosed, or in mean age at diagnosis. Facial tumor (n=945, 77.65%) and abdominal disease (n=842, 69.19%) were the most common presentations. The proportion of children presenting with hepatic mass, malignant pleocytosis, and advanced-stage (stage C and D) BL increased during the study period (P (Source: Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Burkitt's Lymphoma Generally Rare But Common In Children In Equatorial Africa

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 10 Nov 2011 08:00:00 +0100

Although Burkitt's lymphoma is thankfully fairly rare in the general population, it is the most common form of malignancy in children in Equatorial Africa and is very frequent in immunocompromised persons, such as those suffering from AIDS. It is invariably accompanied by an increase in the expression of a particular gene, the so-called c-myc gene. An increased level of c-myc is not usually enough to cause cancer and most patients also have alterations to another gene... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

"If Hamlet Give The First Or Second Hit", The Development Of Burkitt's Lymphoma

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 09 Nov 2011 09:00:00 +0100

'If Hamlet give the first or second hit': The development of Burkitt's lymphoma

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(University of Veterinary Medicine -- Vienna) Burkitt's lymphoma is accompanied by an increase in the expression of a particular gene, the so-called c-myc gene. However, most patients also have alterations to another gene. The groups of Veronika Sexl at the Vetmeduni Vienna and Dagmar Stoiber at the Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Cancer Research, Vienna have recently provided important new information on these additional genetic alteration. The results are published in the current issue of the journal Blood. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Evidence for functional trace amine associated receptor-1 in normal and malignant B cells

Leukemia Research — Mon, 31 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Following the observation that dopaminergic components are present in normal and malignant B cells, we now provide evidence that they additionally express the functionally related trace amine-associated receptor-1 (TAAR1). Immunodetectable TAAR1 was found in lines derived from a broad range of B-cell malignancy; and in tonsillar B cells, particularly when activated. L3055 Burkitt's lymphoma cells were shown to respond to prototypical TAAR1 agonists in cytotoxicity assays with features of apoptotic death evident; normal B cells were somewhat less sensitive to the agonists. These data raise the possibility that TAAR1 may have therapeutic relevance to leukemia, lymphoma, and wider B-cell pathologies. (Source: Leukemia Research)

Lymphoma Cytogenetics

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine — Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

The historical significance of lymphoma cytogenetics is accentuated by the fact that a distinct chromosomal abnormality, “14q+”, was first identified and associated with Burkitt lymphoma. This triggered numerous investigations in search of specific chromosomal abnormalities in various malignancies. However, the maximum success came from chromosome studies in hematologic malignancies because they readily lent themselves to cytogenetic analysis. The characterization of t(8;14)(q24;q32) and its association with Burkitt lymphoma led to focused genetic studies in various subtypes of lymphomas. Since then, cytogenetics has played a crucial role in providing substantial insight into the genetic mechanisms of lymphomagenesis. Consistent chromosomal alterations in lymphomas, specifically, non-H...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Composite diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and precursor B lymphoblastic lymphoma presenting as a double-hit lymphoma with MYC and BCL2 translocation

Journal of Clinical Pathology — Sat, 22 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We describe the first case of double-hit lymphoma that revealed morphologic and immunophenotypic features of both DLBCL and precursor B-lymphoblastic lymphoma (B-ALL), further highlighting the dilemma in diagnosis and treatment of DHL because of its broad morphologic and immunophenotypic spectrum. Case report A 43-year-old male came to medical attention because of a cough, sore throat, dysphagia and a 20-pound weight... (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)

Aggressive B cell lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract: clinicopathologic and genetic analysis

Virchows Archiv — Fri, 14 Oct 2011 15:45:12 +0100

Abstract Aggressive B cell lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract include Burkitt lymphoma (BL), diffuse large B cell lymphoma, and B cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between DLBCL and BL. To investigate the clinical characters of DLBCL/BL of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, 101 cases of aggressive B cell lymphoma of the GI tract were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) using break apart probe for c-MYC gene. For cases with c-MYC rearrangement, additional FISH studies with MYC/IgH fusion probe, BCL2 break apart probe, and BCL6 break apart probe were performed. MYC rearrangement was detected in 23 of 101 cases of aggressive B cell lymphomas (22.5%). The cases with MYC rearrangement were divided into 14 BL,...

Regulation of memory B-cell survival by the BH3-only protein Puma

Blood — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, using both human and murine models, our data show that Puma has a major role in the T cell– dependent B-cell immune response. These data demonstrate that Puma is a major regulator of memory B lymphocyte survival and therefore a key molecule in the control of the immune response. (Source: Blood)

Identification of a novel non-immunoglobulin/MYC translocation t(8;12)(q24;p12) involving the LRMP gene in a primary B-cell lymphoma. A case report

Leukemia Research — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We report a novel MYC translocation in a single case involving chromosome band 12p12. Using chromosome walking – fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) based analysis we have identified the candidate partner gene at translocation site and mapped the corresponding breakpoint near MYC on chromosome band 8q24. (Source: Leukemia Research)

Characterization of STAT6 Target Genes in Human B Cells and Lung Epithelial Cells

DNA Research — Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Using ChIP Seq, we identified 556 and 467 putative STAT6 target sites in the Burkitt's lymphoma cell line Ramos and in the normal lung epithelial cell line BEAS2B, respectively. We also examined the positions and expression of transcriptional start sites (TSSs) in these cells using our TSS Seq method. We observed that 44 and 132 genes in Ramos and BEAS2B, respectively, had STAT6 binding sites in proximal regions of their previously reported TSSs that were up-regulated at the transcriptional level. In addition, 406 and 109 of the STAT6 target sites in Ramos and BEAS2B, respectively, were located in proximal regions of previously uncharacterized TSSs. The target genes identified in Ramos and BEAS2B cells in this study and in Th2 cells in previous studies rarely overlapped and differed in the...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

The role of MTHFR and RFC1 polymorphisms on toxicity and outcome of adult patients with hematological malignancies treated with high-dose methotrexate followed by leucovorin rescue

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology — Sat, 08 Oct 2011 15:45:01 +0100

Conclusions Leucovorin rescue given after high-dose MTX probably accounts for the lack of influence of C677T polymorphism. To better define a role of RFC1 polymorphism on patients outcome, it would be worthwhile to perform a study on intracellular MTX level and RFC1 substrate binding affinities in different genotypes. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00280-011-1751-4Authors Patrizia Chiusolo, Department of Hematology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, ItalySabrina Giammarco, Department of Hematology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, ItalySilvia Bellesi, Department of Hematology, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, It...

Genome wide copy number analysis of paediatric Burkitt lymphoma using formalin‐fixed tissues reveals a subset with gain of chromosome 13q and corresponding miRNA over expression

British Journal of Haematology — Sat, 08 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

SummaryThe majority of paediatric Burkitt lymphoma (pBL) patients that relapse will die of disease, but markers for this high‐risk subset are unknown. MYC translocations characterize pBL, but additional genetic changes may relate to prognosis and serve as potential biomarkers. We utilized a molecular inversion probe single nucleotide polymorphism assay to perform high resolution, genome‐wide copy number analysis on archival formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded pBL and germline tissues. We identified copy number abnormalities (CNAs) in 18/28 patients (64%) with a total of 62 CNAs that included 32 gains and 30 copy number losses. We identified seven recurrent CNAs including 1q gain (7/28, 25%), 13q gain (3/28, 11%), and 17p loss (4/28, 14%). The minimum common amplified region on 13q wa...

Burkitt Lymphoma Presenting as Ptosis in a Man With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences — Fri, 07 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Verma R, Dhamija R, Leeburg WT, Rafi M, Loehrke ME Abstract Unilateral ptosis is seen in a limited number of conditions such as Horner syndrome, cluster headache, trauma, tumor, stroke, old age, nerve injury, lacrimal gland tumor, temporal arteritis or disorders of the upper eyelid. The authors present a case of unilateral ptosis secondary to Burkitt lymphoma metastasis to brain with excellent response to chemotherapy and complete resolution of ptosis in a man with human immunodeficiency virus. This vignette emphasizes the importance of recognizing ptosis as an initial presentation of Burkitt lymphoma in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus under appropriate clinical settings. PMID: 21986302 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The American Journal of th...

Systemic but asymptomatic transthyretin amyloidosis 8 years after domino liver transplantation

Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry — Thu, 06 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

As familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) is an adult-onset disease, a long period is expected between domino liver transplantation (DLT) and the occurrence of amyloidosis in recipients of a FAP liver. However, as time passes, and increased numbers of patients have undergone DLT, patients with symptoms suggesting amyloidosis have been reported. The authors describe, for the first time, pathological findings in an autopsy case of a recipient of a FAP liver. A male patient with primary sclerosing cholangitis received a liver graft from a FAP patient with the transthyretin (TTR) Tyr114Cys mutation when he was 30 years old. Although a recurrence of primary sclerosing cholangitis was detected at age 34, he had no symptoms indicating amyloidosis. He died from Burkitt's lymphoma at 38 ye...

Cancers in Togo from 1984 to 2008: Epidemiological and Pathological Aspects of 5251 Cases

Clinical and Developmental Immunology — Wed, 05 Oct 2011 22:54:55 +0100

Conclusion. This study shows that cancers are frequent in Togo and emphasizes on the necessity of having a cancer register for the prevention and the control of this disease in Togo. (Source: Clinical and Developmental Immunology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Intussusception as a presenting feature of Burkitt lymphoma: implications for management and outcome

Pediatric Surgery International — Tue, 04 Oct 2011 05:50:37 +0100

Conclusions Small bowel lymphoma should be considered in children presenting with intussusception above the normal infantile peak age range. The presentation is often insidious, and complete obstruction may not be apparent. However, when surgically resected, the majority can achieve a good outcome with additional chemotherapy. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s00383-011-2982-5Authors R. J. England, Department of Paediatric Surgery, Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Klipfontein Road, Rondebosch, Cape Town, 7700 South AfricaK. Pillay, Division of Anatomical Pathology, Red Cross War Memorial Children’s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South AfricaA. Davidson, Department of Paed...

Targeting MYC dependence in cancer by inhibiting BET bromodomains [Cell Biology]

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences — Tue, 04 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

The MYC transcription factor is a master regulator of diverse cellular functions and has been long considered a compelling therapeutic target because of its role in a range of human malignancies. However, pharmacologic inhibition of MYC function has proven challenging because of both the diverse mechanisms driving its aberrant expression and the challenge of disrupting protein–DNA interactions. Here, we demonstrate the rapid and potent abrogation of MYC gene transcription by representative small molecule inhibitors of the BET family of chromatin adaptors. MYC transcriptional suppression was observed in the context of the natural, chromosomally translocated, and amplified gene locus. Inhibition of BET bromodomain–promoter interactions and subsequent reduction of MYC transcript and prote...

Immunohistochemical detection of MYC protein correlates with MYC gene status in aggressive B cell lymphomas

Histopathology — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: MYC protein expression detected by immunohistochemistry using a commercially available antibody correlates with MYC gene translocation, and could be used as a screening tool to select those cases in which confirmatory genetic testing is mandatory. (Source: Histopathology)

Gastrointestinal lymphomas: Pattern of distribution and histological subtypes: 10 years experience in a tertiary centre in South India.

Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In this largest retrospective single centre study from India, we establish that the pattern of distribution of primary GIT lymphomas (PGLs) in India is similar to the western literature in that the stomach is the commonest site of PGL and DLBCL is the commonest histological subtype. Immunoproliferative small intestinal disease cases were seen in this study, which is uncommon in the west. PMID: 22234096 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology)

Peripheral blood and bone marrow findings in B‐cell lymphoma, unclassifiable with features intermediate between diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma

American Journal of Hematology — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

(Source: American Journal of Hematology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Chemoimmunotherapy in acute lymphoblastic leukemia

Blood Reviews — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: ALL blast cells express a variety of specific antigens e.g. CD19, CD20, CD22, CD33, and CD52, which serve as targets for Monoclonal Antibodies (MoAbs). So far, the most experience is available for anti-CD20 (rituximab), which has been combined with chemotherapy for treatment of mature B-ALL/Burkitt's lymphoma. Studies with rituximab have also been completed in B-precursor ALL. Another antigen, CD19, is of great interest due to a very high rate of expression in ALL. It can be targeted by a bispecific monoclonal antibody, Blinatumomab, directed against CD19 and CD3. Smaller studies or case reports are also available for the anti CD52 antibody (Alemtuzumab), for anti CD22 (Epratuzumab) or anti CD33 (Gemtuzumab). Available data demonstrate that MoAb therapy in ALL is a highly promisi...

Transformation of double-hit large B-cell lymphoma into B-lymphoblastic lymphoma: a case report

Journal of Hematopathology — Wed, 28 Sep 2011 05:51:16 +0100

We describe a 55-year-old male who initially presented in March 2010 with significant ascites and extensive lymphadenopathy. A diagnosis of B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma, was made in both peritoneal fluid and bone marrow. The malignant cells expressed CD10, CD19, CD20, CD45 (bright), CD79b, and monotypic kappa light chain, but were negative for TdT. Both IGH/BCL2 and IGL/MYC gene rearrangements were identified by FISH. Following chemotherapy, the patient remained in morphologic and cytogenetic remission for approximately 4 months. At relapse, a precursor B-cell lymphoma was detected in the diaphragm, pleural wall, and pleural effusion. The malignant cells were TdT positive and were negative ...

Anti‐tumor activity of a B‐cell receptor‐targeted peptide in a novel disseminated lymphoma xenograft model

International Journal of Cancer — Tue, 27 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractReceptor‐targeted therapies have become standard in the treatment of various lymphomas. In view of its unparalleled specificity for the malignant B‐cell clone, the B‐cell receptor (BCR) on B cell lymphoma cells is a potential therapeutic target. We have used two BCR epitope mimicking peptides binding to the Burkitt's lymphoma cell lines CA46 and SUP‐B8. We proved their functionality by demonstrating calcium flux and BCR‐mediated endocytosis upon peptide receptor binding. Toxicity experiments in vitro via cross‐linking of the BCR with tetramerized epitope mimics lead to apoptosis in both cell lines but was far more effective in SUP‐B8 cells.We established a SUP‐B8‐based disseminated Burkitt's lymphoma model in NOD/SCID mice. Treatment of tumor‐bearing mice with t...

Burkitt lymphoma in adults

British Journal of Haematology — Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

SummaryThe diagnosis of Burkitt Lymphoma (BL) and B‐cell lymphomas unclassifiable with features intermediate between Diffuse Large B‐cell Lymphoma and BL (BLU) in adults remains problematic even with immunophenotyping and MYC gene analysis. Gene expression profiling may improve categorization but is not routinely available. BL and its variants should be treated with specific regimens incorporating intensive courses of chemotherapy with fractionated alkylating agents and cell cycle phase‐specific agents that readily cross the blood brain barrier. Subsequent courses should be given as soon as haematological recovery occurs, with the whole course completed within a few months. A number of regimens have been developed that encompass these principles but there have been no comparative ran...

Intensive short‐term chemotherapy regimen induces high remission rate (over 90%) and event‐free survival both in children and adult patients with advanced sporadic burkitt lymphoma/leukemia

American Journal of Hematology — Mon, 19 Sep 2011 02:42:45 +0100

Conclusion.Our experience confirms that such an intensive pediatric‐derived chemotherapy is feasible and improves the long‐term outcome of adults with advanced Burkitt lymphoma. Am. J. Hematol., 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: American Journal of Hematology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

A Burkitt's Lymphoma Case Mimicking Crohn's Disease: A Case Report

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy — Sat, 10 Sep 2011 22:28:57 +0100

In this report, we are presenting a case which initially displayed clinical and radiological signs of Crohn's disease, but was eventually diagnosed as Burkitt's lymphoma by laparotomy, and also we aim to underscore the importance of differential diagnosis. (Source: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy)

Paraplegia following caudal block in a child with Burkitt’s lymphoma

Pediatric Anesthesia — Sat, 03 Sep 2011 12:38:14 +0100

(Source: Pediatric Anesthesia)

Molecular Cytogenetic Analysis of Chemoresistant Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma Patients with p53 Abnormalities using Fluorescence In Situ Hybridisation and Comparative Genomic Hybridisation.

Archives of Iranian Medicine — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Further characterisation of the genetic regions identified might more closely contribute to our understanding of acquired MDR in NHL. Alterations in the three evaluated chromosomes may be prevalent in other tumours. In the present study, using FISH and CGH, there was insufficient difference between NHL patients with and without p53 overexpression. PMID: 21888455 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Iranian Medicine)

Plasmacytoma-like Posttransplant Lymphoproliferative Disorder Following Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: A Case Report

Transplantation Proceedings — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We report a case of plasmacytoma-like PTLD arising in the allograft in a 66-year-old male diagnosed 2 months following an orthotopic liver transplant for alcohol-related end-stage liver disease. The liver biopsy revealed marked infiltration of atypical plasma cells with lambda light chain restriction and positivity for EBV by in situ hybridization confirming the diagnosis. Also noted was a remarkable increase of tissue eosinophils. Reduction of immunosuppression led to improvement in his clinical condition, and also resolution of the hepatic lesions and abdominal lymphadenopathy noted on imaging studies. While a few cases of plasmacytoma-like PTLDs have been described in literature, to our knowledge, this is the first reported case of early onset plasmacytoma-like PTLD in a liver transplan...

A novel five-way translocation, t(3;9;13;8;14)(q27;p13;q32;q24;q32), with concurrent MYC and BCL6 rearrangements in a primary bone marrow B-cell lymphoma

Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Chromosomal translocations involving MYC at 8q24 are found in Burkitt lymphoma (BL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), and B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between DLBCL and BL (BCLU). Here, we describe a novel five-way translocation, t(3;9;13;8;14)(q27;p13;q32;q24;q32), involving MYC, BCL6, and the immunoglobulin heavy locus (IGH@) in a 73-year-old man with BCLU. The bone marrow was massively infiltrated with 95.6% abnormal medium- to large-sized lymphoid cells without vacuoles. Flow cytometric analyses indicated that the infiltrating cells were positive for CD10, CD19, CD20, CD25, HLA-DR, and κ chain. Immunohistochemistry revealed that they were also positive for BCL2 and CD10, and weakly positive for BCL6. The MIB1 index was approximately 99%. G-banding ...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

[Hiccups ad severe hyponatremia induced by low dose cyclophosphamide therapy for Burkitt lymphoma].

Annales de Biologie Clinique — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Tazi I, Zaoui S, Nafil H, Mahmal L PMID: 22034668 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annales de Biologie Clinique)

Prognostic value of MYC rearrangement in cases of B‐cell lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma

Cancer — Tue, 30 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:MYC aberrations are common in unclassifiable B‐cell lymphoma. The presence of MYC aberrations identifies a patient subset that requires more aggressive therapy than R‐CHOP. In contrast, MYC− unclassifiable B‐cell lymphoma patients responded variably to either R‐CHOP or aggressive therapy, and the latter showed no survival advantage. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)

Burkitt's lymphoma in leukemic phase in an Indian boy

Table of Contents : Indian Journal of Dental Research : 2006 - 17(3) — Fri, 26 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Vijeev Vasudevan, Usha Mohandas, V ManjunathIndian Journal of Dental Research 2011 22(2):340-344Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) is the most common childhood cancer in Africa and is most prevalent in areas endemic for malaria. The disease, a malignant growth of lymphoid tissue, usually presents itself as a large tumor of the jaw. It is however, a rarity in the Indian subcontinent. Through an extensive literary survey, it is seen that only a few cases of BL have been reported, accounting for only 0.76% of solid malignant tumors among Indian children. Here we present a case of BL of mandible extending to maxilla in a 13-year-old boy of Indian origin. (Source: Table of Contents : Indian Journal of Dental Research : 2006 - 17(3))

Establishment of Recombinant Hybrid‐IgG/IgA Immunoglobulin Specific for Shiga Toxin

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology — Thu, 25 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractShiga toxin 1 produced by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli is an AB5 toxin that is involved in the life‐threatening hemolytic‐uremic syndrome (HUS). The B subunits (Stx1B) are cell‐binding subunits. We previously established mouse hybridoma cell line producing IgA and IgG monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against Stx1B. Here we cloned cDNAs encoding each of the heavy, light, and joining (J) chains from the hybridoma cell lines by means of the 5′ rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE)‐PCR method. Upon assignment of the variable regions of the heavy and light chains to known germline sequences, we found substantial somatic hypermutation in the complementarity determining regions in both the IgA and IgG mAbs. We also established a hybrid‐IgG/IgA heavy chain having variable r...

Antioxidant and antiproliferative activities of Helleborus odorus Waldst. & Kit, H. multifidus Vis. and H. hercegovinus Martinis.

Natural Product Research — Mon, 22 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

This study was undertaken in order to evaluate possible antioxidative and antiproliferative activities of three Helleborus taxa. The dry leaves and roots of three Helleborus taxa were extracted with ethanol and water. A phytochemical evaluation of the selected extracts was performed using spectrophotometric methods and a 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity assay was used for measuring the antioxidative activity of extracts. The antiproliferative activity of the three Helleborus taxa was studied using Burkitt's lymphoma B cells (BJAB) cell lines. The phytochemical evaluation showed that the leaves contain high levels of total phenolic and flavonoid content. Results from the DPPH assay indicated that the activity of the ethanol and water extracts of the leaves wa...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Modified Ecstasy used in blood cancer study

NHS News Feed — Fri, 19 Aug 2011 10:42:00 +0100

Conclusion This is early stage research into identifying modified forms of MDMA that have improved efficacy against cancer cells. The researchers added different molecular groups to see how effective these new MDMA-like chemicals (called MDMA 'analogues') were at killing a type of B-cell lymphoma cell in the laboratory. The researchers did not examine MDMA/ecstasy in its recreational drug form, nor did they examine the effects of these new chemicals against cancers in any animals or humans. At this stage, the researchers have only investigated the effect of directly adding the test chemicals to cells and observing them under laboratory conditions to see if they were able to kill the cells. It is also important to note that this study has only tested MDMA analogues against Burkitt’s lymp...

Enhancing the anti-lymphoma potential of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (‘ecstasy’) through iterative chemical redesign: mechanisms and pathways to cell death

Investigational New Drugs — Thu, 18 Aug 2011 05:48:29 +0100

In conclusion, MDMA analogues have been discovered with enhanced cytotoxic efficacy against lymphoma subtypes amongst which high-level Bcl-2—often a barrier to drug performance for this indication—fails to protect. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory PRECLINICAL STUDIESPages 1-13DOI 10.1007/s10637-011-9730-5Authors Agata M. Wasik, School of Immunity & Infection, The Medical School, Birmingham, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT UKMichael N. Gandy, School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, AustraliaMatthew McIldowie, School of Biomedical, Biomolecular and Chemical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Crawley, AustraliaMichelle J. Holder, School of Immunity & Infection, The Medical Scho...

Fluorescence in situ hybridisation analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections in the diagnostic work-up of non-Burkitt high grade B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma: a single centre's experience

Journal of Clinical Pathology — Wed, 17 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions FISH analysis of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue sections is a highly reproducible technique with an excellent success rate for the detection of genetic abnormalities which will play an increasingly important role in improving risk stratification of patients with HG-BNHL. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)

Expression of JL1 in Burkitt lymphoma is associated with improved overall survival

Virchows Archiv — Thu, 04 Aug 2011 15:31:48 +0100

Abstract JL1 is a novel molecule expressed in the surface of hematopoietic precursor cells, but not on any other mature human tissue. Accordingly, JL1 is expressed in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells and can be used both for specific diagnosis and as a target for treatment. However, expression of JL1 by lymphomas has not been thoroughly assessed. Burkitt lymphoma is a potentially curable aggressive lymphoma, but prognostic markers that stratify risk have not been established. We therefore assayed JL1 expression in Burkitt lymphoma patients to assess its value as a prognostic marker for this disease. Tissue microarray blocks of formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue samples from patients with Burkitt lymphoma and other B-cell lymphomas, at the Asan Medical Center a...

Efficacy and toxicity of a rituximab and methotrexate based regimen (GMALL B‐ALL/NHL 2002 protocol) in Burkitt's and primary mediastinal large B‐cell lymphoma

American Journal of Hematology — Wed, 03 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: American Journal of Hematology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

A fifteen-year review of lymphomas in a Nigerian tertiary healthcare centre.

Journal of Health, Population, and Nutrition — Mon, 01 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Oluwasola AO, Olaniyi JA, Otegbayo JA, Ogun GO, Akingbola TS, Ukah CO, Akang EE, Aken'Ova YA Abstract In Africa, epidemiological data on the effect of the HIV epidemic on the occurrence of lymphomas are scanty. The 1990s witnessed the alarming rates of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria. The prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria increased from 1.8% in 1991 to 4.4% in 2005. The aim of this study was to determine whether there have been any changes in the frequency and pattern of lymphomas in view of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the country. This is a retrospective study of all lymphoma cases diagnosed during 1991-2005. The prevalence of lymphomas declined from 1.4% to 0.7% of surgical biopsies during 1991-2005. There was a decline in the proportion of high-grade non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Burkitt's...

Evaluation of the addition of rituximab to CODOX-M/IVAC for Burkitt's lymphoma: a retrospective analysis

Annals of Oncology — Tue, 26 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: CODOX-M/IVAC, with or without rituximab, is a highly effective regimen for the treatment of adult BL. Rituximab decreased the recurrence rate and showed a trend in favor of improvement in PFS and OS. HIV-infected patients achieved outcomes comparable with those of their non-HIV-infected counterparts. (Source: Annals of Oncology)

Inactivation of the putative suppressor gene DOK1 by promoter hypermethylation in primary human cancers

International Journal of Cancer — Tue, 26 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe DOK1 gene is a putative tumour suppressor gene located on the human chromosome 2p13 which is frequently rearranged in leukemia and other human tumours. We previously reported that the DOK1 gene can be mutated and its expression down‐regulated in human malignancies. However, the mechanism underlying DOK1 silencing remains largely unknown. We show here that unscheduled silencing of DOK1 expression through aberrant hypermethylation is a frequent event in a variety of human malignancies. DOK1 was found to be silenced in nine head and neck cancer (HNC) cell lines studied and DOK1 CpG hypermethylation correlated with loss of gene expression in these cells. DOK1 expression could be restored via demethylating treatment using 5‐aza‐2'deoxycytidine. In addition, transduction of can...

Nuclear factor kappa B (NFkB) pathway associated biomarkers in AIDS defining malignancies

International Journal of Cancer — Sun, 24 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe Nuclear Factor kappa B (NFkB) pathway is essential for many human cancers. Therapeutics such as bortezomib (Velcade™), which interfere with nuclear factor NF‐kappa‐B (NFkB) signaling are of great clinical interest. NFkB signaling, however, is multifaceted and variable among tissues, developmental, and disease entities. Hence, targeted biomarkers of NFkB pathways are of prime importance for clinical research. We developed a novel real‐time qPCR‐based NFkB array. Only mechanistically validated NFkB targets were included. We then used random‐forest classification to define individual genes and gene combinations within the NFkB pathways that define viral lymphoma subclasses as well as Kaposi sarcoma (KS). Few NFkB targets emerged that were universally present in all tum...

Nuclear factor kappa B pathway associated biomarkers in AIDS defining malignancies

International Journal of Cancer — Sun, 24 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB) pathway is essential for many human cancers. Therapeutics such as bortezomib (Velcade™) that interfere with NFκB signaling are of great clinical interest. NFκB signaling, however, is multifaceted and variable among tissues, developmental and disease entities. Hence, targeted biomarkers of NFκB pathways are of prime importance for clinical research. We developed a novel real‐time qPCR‐based NFκB array. Only mechanistically validated NFκB targets were included. We then used random‐forest classification to define individual genes and gene combinations within the NFκB pathways that define viral lymphoma subclasses as well as Kaposi sarcoma (KS). Few NFκB targets emerged that were universally present in all tumor types tested, underscori...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Therapeutic interventions for Burkitt lymphoma in children.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Thu, 14 Jul 2011 13:00:03 +0100

Authors: Okebe JU, Skoetz N, Meremikwu MM, Richards S Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an important cancer found mostly in children but uncertainty remains as to the most effective form of management. In endemic areas, late-stage presentation as a result of delayed access to treatment compounds the situation. PMID: 21735399 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)

Epoetin alpha decreases the number of erythrocyte transfusions in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, lymphoblastic lymphoma, and Burkitt leukemia/lymphoma

Cancer — Mon, 11 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:Epoetin alpha decreased the number of PRBC transfusions and did not appear to have a negative impact on remission duration. No difference in QOL was observed. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)

Burkitt Lymphoma of the Heart: Echocardiographically Documented Improvement With Chemotherapy

Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography — Mon, 11 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

The incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma has increased over the past 10 years, particularly in association with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. Burkitt lymphoma is a highly aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma that involves the heart in up to a third of cases. This case describes an HIV-positive patient with cardiac involvement of Burkitt lymphoma who presented with atrial flutter and heart failure with pulmonary edema. Transthoracic echocardiography showed extensive heterogeneous lymphomatous infiltration of the heart (including the right atrium), with associated wall motion abnormalities. Within a day of starting chemotherapy, the patient had converted to normal sinus rhythm. His heart failure rapidly improved, and a repeat echocardiogram performed on day 5 of chemotherapy showed a...

Etiopathogenesis of Burkitt's lymphoma: a lesson from a BL-like in CD1 mouse immune to Plasmodium yoelii yoelii

Infectious Agents and Cancer — Fri, 08 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Neoplasm development in CD1 mouse is associated to both, immunity against malaria and continuous antigenic stimulation with living parasites.It is the first observation of a histopathologically expressed Human Burkitt's lymphoma-like neoplasm in a non-genetically manipulated mouse.Chronic immune response associated to neoplasms development could probably be not an exclusive expression of malaria-host interaction but, it could be a pattern that can bee applied also to other agent-host interactions such as host-bacteria, fungus, virus and other parasites. (Source: Infectious Agents and Cancer)

Atypical Burkitt's lymphoma transforming from follicular lymphoma

Diagnostic Pathology — Thu, 07 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Amongst follicular lymphoma that transforms into a high-grade lymphoma, majority are diffuse large B cell lymphoma. Here we reported a rare atypical Burkitt's lymphoma transformation from an asymptomatic follicular lymphoma. Lymph node biopsy showed a composite lymphoma with infiltration of the inter-follicular areas by high grade small non-cleaved lymphoma cells amongst neoplastic follicles. Moreover, FISH and molecular genetic study confirmed concomitant MYC translocations with t(14;18) in the high-grade component, thereby testifying the atypical Burkitt's lymphoma has transformed from an undiagnosed antecedent follicular lymphoma. The disease followed an aggressive clinical course, terminating in refractory disease 13 months after diagnosis. This is followed by a comprehenisve review of...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Classical Burkitt's lymphoma.

Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology — Fri, 01 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Reddy RS, Lavanya R, Ravikanth M, Ramesh T, John T, Singh TR PMID: 21934267 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology)

Diagnosis of Burkitt lymphoma using an algorithmic approach – applicable in both resource‐poor and resource‐rich countries

British Journal of Haematology — Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

SummaryDistinguishing Burkitt lymphoma (BL) from B cell lymphoma, unclassifiable with features intermediate between diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and BL (DLBCL/BL), and DLBCL is challenging. We propose an immunohistochemistry and fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) based scoring system that is employed in three phases – Phase 1 (morphology with CD10 and BCL2 immunostains), Phase 2 (CD38, CD44 and Ki‐67 immunostains) and Phase 3 (FISH on paraffin sections for MYC, BCL2, BCL6 and immunoglobulin family genes). The system was evaluated on 252 aggressive B‐cell lymphomas from Europe and from sub‐Saharan Africa. Using the algorithm, we determined a specific diagnosis of BL or not‐BL in 82%, 92% and 95% cases at Phases 1, 2 and 3, respectively. In 3·4% cases, the algorit...

Lymphomas in sub‐Saharan Africa – what can we learn and how can we help in improving diagnosis, managing patients and fostering translational research?

British Journal of Haematology — Mon, 27 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

SummaryApproximately 30 000 cases of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) occur in the equatorial belt of Africa each year. Apart from the fact that Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is very common among children and adolescents in Africa and that an epidemic of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is currently ongoing in this part of the world, very little is known about lymphomas in Africa. This review provides information regarding the current infrastructure for diagnostics in sub‐Saharan Africa. The results on the diagnostic accuracy and on the distribution of different lymphoma subsets in sub‐Saharan Africa were based on a review undertaken by a team of lymphoma experts on 159 fine needle aspirate samples and 467 histological samples during their visit to selected sub‐Saharan African cent...

Numb chin syndrome: A warning sign of aggressive B-cell malignancy

Leukemia Research — Sun, 26 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

We present three cases diagnosed in our center between 2007 and 2011, in which the NCS clinical features preceded the onset of hematological malignancies. (Source: Leukemia Research)

The different epidemiologic subtypes of Burkitt lymphoma share a homogenous micro RNA profile distinct from diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Leukemia — Thu, 23 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: D Lenze, L Leoncini, M Hummel, S Volinia, C G Liu, T Amato, G De Falco, J Githanga, H Horn, J Nyagol, G Ott, J Palatini, M Pfreundschuh, E Rogena, A Rosenwald, R Siebert, C M Croce & H Stein (Source: Leukemia)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

A review of the utilization of fine needle aspiration in clinical practice and research in Nigeria

CytoJournal — Wed, 22 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The utilization of FNA is apparently lagging in Nigeria. Given its potential in resource-constrained settings, we are of the opinion that it should be used more often in clinical and translational research. (Source: CytoJournal)

The Novel Chemokine Receptor CXCR7 Regulates Trans-Endothelial Migration of Cancer Cells

Molecular Cancer — Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In this study, we set out to assess the potential stimulation by CXCL12 of tumor cell TEM towards other chemokines and whether CXCR7 might be able to regulate such effects. Methods: The human Burkitt's lymphoma cell line NC-37, which expresses CXCR4, CXCR5, CXCR7 and CCR7, was selected as a model system. TEM of these cells through a human HUVEC endothelial cell monolayer was used as the main model system for these studies. Regulation of their TEM behavior by various concentrations of the various cognate chemokines for the above-mentioned receptors, placed in either the source or target wells of modified Boyden chamber migration plates, was assessed by quantifying the number of cells migrated under each experimental condition. Results: Exposure of CXCR4+CXCR7+ cancer cells to CXCL12 greatly...

Combinatorial effects of microRNAs to suppress the Myc oncogenic pathway

Blood — Wed, 08 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Many mammalian transcripts contain target sites for multiple miRNAs, although it is not clear to what extent miRNAs may coordinately regulate single genes. We have mapped the interactions between down-regulated miRNAs and overexpressed target protein-coding genes in murine and human lymphomas. Myc, one of the hallmark oncogenes in these lymphomas, stands out as the up-regulated gene with the highest number of genetic interactions with down-regulated miRNAs in mouse lymphomas. The regulation of Myc by several of these miRNAs is confirmed by cellular and reporter assays. The same approach identifies MYC and multiple Myc targets as a preferential target of down-regulated miRNAs in human Burkitt lymphoma, a pathology characterized by translocated MYC oncogenes. These results indicate that seve...

Bortezomib induction of C/EBP{beta} mediates Epstein-Barr virus lytic activation in Burkitt lymphoma

Blood — Wed, 08 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with a variety of lymphoid malignancies. Bortezomib activates EBV lytic gene expression. Bortezomib, a proteasome inhibitor, leads to increased levels of CCAAT/enhancer-binding proteinβ (C/EBPβ) in a variety of tumor cell lines. C/EBPβ activates the promoter of the EBV lytic switch gene ZTA. Bortezomib treatment leads to increased binding of C/EBP to previously recognized binding sites in the ZTA promoter. Knockdown of C/EBPβ inhibits bortezomib activation of EBV lytic gene expression. Bortezomib also induces the unfolded protein response (UPR), as evidenced by increases in ATF4, CHOP10, and XBP1s and cleavage of ATF6. Thapsigargin, an inducer of the UPR that does not interfere with proteasome function, also induces EBV lytic gene ...

Non-Hodgkin lymphoma in childhood and adolescence: frequency and distribution of immunomorphological types from a tertiary care center in South India.

World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The distribution of different subtypes of lymphoma in pediatric and adolescent NHL in India differs considerably from that in western countries and other eastern countries. PMID: 21633853 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Fatal pulmonary veno‐occlusive disease after chemotherapy for Burkitt's lymphoma

Pediatrics International — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Pediatrics International)

Antibodies reactive to Plasmodium falciparum serine repeat antigen in children with burkitt lymphoma from ghana

International Journal of Cancer — Mon, 30 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe role of protective immunity to Plasmodium falciparum (Pf) malaria in Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is unknown. We investigated the association between BL and antibodies reactive to SE36 antigen, a recombinant protein based on Pf‐SERA5 gene, targeted by protective malaria immune responses. Cases were children (0‐14 years) enrolled at the Korle‐Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana, during 1965‐1994 with BL confirmed by histology or cytology (92% of cases). Controls were healthy appearing children enrolled contemporaneous to the cases from the nearest neighbor house to the case house age‐ and sex‐frequency matched to the cases. Anti‐SE36 IgG antibodies were measured using enzyme‐linked absorbent immunoassays (ELISA). SE36 titers were estimated by extrapolating ELISA optical ...

Bilateral Burkitt Lymphoma of the Ovaries: A Report of a Case in a Child with Williams Syndrome

Clinical and Developmental Immunology — Thu, 26 May 2011 13:57:38 +0100

A 10-year-old female with Williams Syndrome (WS) presented with a two-month history of fatigue, weight loss, and bilateral ovarian masses. Histologic, immunophenotypic, and cytogenetic studies confirmed the diagnosis of Burkitt lymphoma (BL). While there is no established association between the two disorders, this is the third case in the literature of Burkitt lymphoma in a patient with Williams Syndrome. (Source: Clinical and Developmental Immunology)

Immortalizing EBV Increases Ca2+ Influx of B Cells [Molecular Bases of Disease]

Journal of Biological Chemistry — Thu, 19 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Ca2+ signaling plays an important role in B cell survival and activation and is dependent on Ca2+ trapped in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and on extracellular Ca2+. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) can immortalize B cells and contributes to lymphomagenesis. Previously, we showed that the ER Ca2+ content of Burkitt lymphoma cell lines was increased following infection with immortalization-competent virus expressing the full set of EBV latency genes (B95–8). In contrast, infection with an immortalization-deficient virus (P3HR-1) not expressing LMP-1 is without effect. LMP-1 protein expression was sufficient to increase the ER Ca2+ content and to increase the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]cyt). In this follow-up study, we showed that the resting [Ca2+]cyt of P3HR-1-infected cells was decrea...

Spontaneous conception and live birth after gonadotoxic chemotherapy for an aggressive bilateral ovarian Burkitt's lymphoma

European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology — Thu, 19 May 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We found that an aggressive Burkitt's lymphoma of the ovaries was associated with a reduced follicular reserve, impairing oocyte yield for ICSI as a fertility preserving measure. Unexpectedly, the patient achieved spontaneous pregnancy after completion of gonadotoxic chemotherapy. (Source: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

TLRs innate immunereceptors and Plasmodium falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 (PfEMP1) CIDR1α-driven human polyclonal B-cell activation.

Acta Tropica — Wed, 18 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In this report, we extend the analysis of the PfEMP1-CIDR1α B-cell interaction and demonstrate that PfEMP1-CIDR1α increases the expression of TLR7 and TLR10 mRNA transcripts and sensitizes B cells to TLR9 signalling via the MyD88 adaptor molecule. Furthermore, despite its ability to bind to surface Igs, PfEMP1-CIDR1α-induced B-cell activation does not seem to proceed through the BCR, since it does not induce Lyn and/or phospho-tyrosine mediated signalling pathways. Rather PfEMP1-CIDR1α induces the phosphorylation of downstream kinases, such as ERK1/2, p38 and IKBα, in human B cells. These findings indicate that PfEMP1-CIDR1α induces a persistent activation of B cells, which in turn can contribute to the exhaustion and impairment of B-cell functions during chronic malaria infection. ...

Cutaneous metastatic disease: Burkitt lymphoma

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology — Wed, 18 May 2011 16:52:02 +0100

We report on an otherwise healthy patient with cutaneous metastases of Burkitt lymphoma. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology)

Oral maxillofacial tumors and tumor-like conditions: a Ugandan survey

Pediatric Surgery International — Wed, 18 May 2011 06:12:49 +0100

Conclusions This survey shows that, while nearly 29% of cases biopsied at the authors’ unit are from children under 16 years of age, the majority of lesions are malignant. Burkitt’s lymphoma took up the lion’s share; this entity requires chemotherapeutic treatment, hence there is need to strengthen medical oncology. Odontogenic tumors are relatively rare in this age group; however, certain lesions such as adenomatoid odontogenic tumor are common in children and therefore should be considered when we have failed maxillary canine eruption. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00383-011-2922-4Authors Adriane Kamulegeya, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, UgandaFrancis Lakor, Makerere University College of Health Sciences,...

Cytopathology of “double‐hit” non‐Hodgkin lymphoma

Cancer Cytopathology — Mon, 09 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:No specific cytomorphologic feature(s) were found to reliably identify DHL using FNA or exfoliative cytology. A high Ki‐67 proliferation index and positive bcl‐2 staining (on cytospin slides or cell block material) of cases not conforming to typical Burkitt lymphoma morphology should prompt FISH analysis for c‐MYC and/or IGH‐BCL2 rearrangements to identify DHL, particularly if tissue biopsy is not expected. Cancer (Cancer Cytopathol) 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society (Source: Cancer Cytopathology)

The Gray Zone Between Burkitt's Lymphoma and Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma From a Genetics Perspective [REVIEW ARTICLES]

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Thu, 05 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

It has long been recognized that the border between classical Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) and classical diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is hard to determine. Instead, both classical lymphoma entities seem to be the extreme ends of a spectrum of diseases that contains a group of lymphomas characterized predominately by the fact that they are hard to assign to the one or the other group. This gray zone has been recently termed "lymphoma, unclassifiable, with features intermediate between DLBCL and BL" by the updated WHO classification. The term "intermediate" resembles that from a recent gene-expression study of mature aggressive B-cell lymphomas, although, notably, it is used differently. Intermediate lymphomas according to the WHO classification clearly are a temporary container of diffe...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

MYC and Aggressive B-cell Lymphomas

Advances in Anatomic Pathology — Sun, 01 May 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Rearrangement of the proto-oncogene MYC leads to MYC protein deregulation and is an important driver of oncogenic transformation. MYC rearrangement is a recurring genetic abnormality in several aggressive B-cell lymphomas including: Burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; B-cell lymphoma, unclassifiable with features intermediate between diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and Burkitt lymphoma; rare de novo acute lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia, transformed follicular lymphoma, and plasmablastic lymphoma. Important distinctions in the role of MYC in these tumors likely reflect whether it is a primary or secondary genetic event. The presence of a MYC rearrangement in these diseases has diagnostic and prognostic implications and it is important for the practicing anatomic pathologist to b...

Inhibitory activities of microalgal extracts against Epstein-Barr virus DNA release from lymphoblastoid cells.

J Zhejiang Univ Sci ... — Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

This study aimed to assess the inhibitory activities of methanol extracts from the microalgae Ankistrodesmus convolutus, Synechococcus elongatus, and Spirulina platensis against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in three Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cell lines, namely Akata, B95-8, and P3HR-1. The antiviral activity was assessed by quantifying the cell-free EBV DNA using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The methanol extracts from Ankistrodesmus convolutus and Synechococcus elongatus displayed low cytotoxicity and potent effect in reducing cell-free EBV DNA (EC(50)<0.01 µg/ml) with a high therapeutic index (>28000). After fractionation by column chromatography, the fraction from Synechococcus elongatus (SEF1) reduced the cell-free EBV DNA most effectively (EC(50)=2.9 µg/ml, th...

Minimal Disseminated Disease in High-Risk Burkitt's Lymphoma Identifies Patients With Different Prognosis [Pediatric Oncology]

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion MDD identifies a poor-prognosis subgroup among children with high-risk BL. To improve disease control in these patients, a more effective risk-adapted therapy, possibly including anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, should be considered. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

In defense of the somatic mutation theory of cancer

BioEssays — Thu, 21 Apr 2011 13:55:46 +0100

AbstractAccording to the somatic mutation theory (SMT), cancer begins with a genetic change in a single cell that passes it on to its progeny, thereby generating a clone of malignant cells. It is strongly supported by observations of leukemias that bear specific chromosome translocations, such as Burkitt's lymphoma, in which a translocation activates the c‐myc gene, and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), in which the Philadelphia chromosome causes production of the BCR‐ABL oncoprotein. Although the SMT has been modified and extended to encompass tumor suppressor genes, epigenetic inheritance, and tumor progression through accumulation of further mutations, perhaps the strongest validation comes from the successful treatment of certain malignancies with drugs that directly target the produ...

Minimal disease assessment in the treatment of children and adolescents with intermediate‐risk (Stage III/IV) B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma: a children’s oncology group report

British Journal of Haematology — Sun, 17 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

SummaryChildren/adolescents with mature B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (B‐NHL) have an excellent prognosis but relapses still occur. While chromosomal aberrations and/or clonal immunoglobulin (Ig) gene rearrangements may indicate risk of failure, a more universal approach was developed to detect minimal disease (MD). Children/adolescents with intermediate‐risk B‐NHL were treated with French‐British‐American/Lymphome Malins de Burkitt 96 (FAB/LMB96) B4 modified chemotherapy and rituximab. Specimens from diagnosis, end of induction (EOI), and end of therapy (EOT) were assayed for MD. Initial specimens were screened for IGHV family usage with primer pools followed by individual primers to identify MD. Thirty‐two diagnostic/staging specimens screened positive with primer pools and...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Arsenic trioxide induces apoptosis of Burkitt lymphoma cell lines through multiple apoptotic pathways and triggers antiangiogenesis.

Oncology Research — Fri, 15 Apr 2011 03:30:03 +0100

Authors: Li HM, Long Y, Qing C, Yu M, Li ZH, Zhang XM, Li XJ, Chen YJ, Zhang YL, Liang Y Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is an aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and it appears to be one of the most common childhood cancers in equatorial areas. Unprecedented gains have been made in the cure rates for BL during the past two decades and these reflect steady improvements in treatment protocols and a multidisciplinary approach to patient care. However, the life-threatening side effects associated with conventional treatment urge us to explore new strategies. Arsenic trioxide (ATO), a natural product that has improved the prognosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) from highly fatal to highly curable, has also been proven to be effective in treating BL cell lines through multiple pathwa...

Proportions of Kaposi Sarcoma, Selected Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas, and Cervical Cancer in the United States Occurring in Persons With AIDS, 1980-2007 [Original Contribution]

JAMA — Mon, 11 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions In the United States, the estimated proportions of AIDS-defining malignancies that occurred among persons with AIDS were substantial, particularly for KS and some NHLs. Except for cervical cancer, the proportions of AIDS-defining malignancies occurring among persons with AIDS peaked in the mid-1990s and then declined. (Source: JAMA)

A case report of fatal tumor lysis syndrome after chemotherapy in a pregnant patient with Burkitt's lymphoma

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research — Mon, 11 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractA 35‐year‐old Japanese woman in the 24th week of gestation with bilateral breast enlargement was referred to hospital. She was diagnosed with Burkitt's lymphoma and admitted for detailed evaluation and treatment. Early delivery and subsequent chemotherapy was chosen after considering the gestational week, her general condition and the wishes of the patient and her husband. She gave birth to a male infant by cesarean section in the 25th week of gestation. It had been planned to begin high‐dose chemotherapy, such as CODOX‐M/IVAC, on day 7 of the puerperium; however, her general condition worsened and chemotherapy was therefore begun on day 2 after the birth. Eight hours after chemotherapy (cyclophosphamide, vincristine and doxorubicin), she developed cardiac arrest due to...

Primary CNS lymphoma other than DLBCL: a descriptive analysis of clinical features and treatment outcomes

Annals of Hematology — Fri, 08 Apr 2011 16:58:01 +0100

In conclusion, primary CNS lymphoma other than DLBCL occurred more in younger patients and showed a generally good prognosis, except for Burkitt’s lymphoma. Further research on treatment strategies for Burkitt’s lymphoma is needed. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00277-011-1225-0Authors Taekyu Lim, Division of Hematology–Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135–710 South KoreaSeok Jin Kim, Division of Hematology–Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, 135–710 South KoreaKihyun Kim, Division of Hematology–Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Cent...

Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization on Formalin-Fixed, Paraffin-Embedded Tissue Sections

Springer protocols feed by Cancer Research — Fri, 08 Apr 2011 14:39:12 +0100

Although in situ hybridization has been in use for over 30 years, its application to the study of solid tissue has only recently been adopted. Despite the numerous reports of the viability of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue for fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) testing, this technique has not been universally implemented in the routine diagnostic setting. This is most likely due to the perception that the process is more technically demanding than FISH using conventional cytogenetic samples. FFPE FISH does, however, enable retrospective analysis of archived tissue samples and is helpful in the diagnosis of morphologically difficult cases such as Burkitt-like lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and mantle-cell lymphoma. (Source: Springer protocols feed by Cancer...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Proteasome inhibitors induce the presentation of an EpsteinBarr virus nuclear antigen 1-derived cytotoxic T lymphocyte epitope in Burkitts lymphoma cells

Immunology — Fri, 08 Apr 2011 13:56:27 +0100

(Source: Immunology)

OSU‐DY7, a novel D‐tyrosinol derivative, mediates cytotoxicity in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and Burkitt lymphoma through p38 mitogen‐activated protein kinase pathway

British Journal of Haematology — Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

This study provides evidence for a role of OSU‐DY7 in p38 MAPK activation and BIRC5 down regulation associated with apoptosis in B lymphocytic cells, thus warranting development of this alternative therapy for lymphoid malignancies. (Source: British Journal of Haematology)

Accuracy of burkitt lymphoma diagnosis in constrained pathology settings: importance to epidemiology.

Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine — Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions.-Accuracy of clinical diagnosis of BL was reduced by inclusion of other diseases with similar clinical presentations. Local pathology, using morphology alone, only marginally improved clinical accuracy and often could not support outside pathology review due to inadequate laboratory procedures. There is an urgent need to improve pathology services in Uganda before conducting high-quality clinical and epidemiologic studies. PMID: 21466360 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine)

Jumping translocation of chromosome 1q associated with good clinical outcome in a case of Burkitt leukemia

Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics — Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

We report clinical, conventional and molecular cytogenetic findings of a 12-year-old boy who presented with BL. In addition to the primary aberration, t(8;14)(q24;q32), JT of 1q onto chromosomes 21 and der(14) as well as the formation of isochromosome 1q could be detected in his bone marrow sample. Despite the expected poor prognostic outcome of these aberrations, the patient has been experiencing an event free survival of 7.5 years at the time of the present report, reflecting the excellent clinical outcome of the disease. (Source: Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics)

Strong BCL2 expression in Burkitt lymphoma is not uncommon in adults.

Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology — Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: It was concluded that contrary to the common belief, strong BCL2 IHC expression is possible in typical BL in adults and cannot be absolutely relied upon to distinguish between BL and DLBCL. PMID: 21623076 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Gene expression analysis uncovers similarity and differences among Burkitt lymphoma subtypes

Blood — Wed, 30 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, our study provided substantial insights on the pathobiology of BLs, by offering novel evidences that may be relevant for its classification and possibly future treatment. (Source: Blood)

Burkitt's Lymphoma Symposium

British Journal of Haematology — Tue, 29 Mar 2011 16:56:07 +0100

(Source: British Journal of Haematology)

Efalizumab: Gastric Burkitt's lymphoma in an elderly patient: case report

Reactions — Tue, 29 Mar 2011 16:01:27 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Post‐transplant burkitt lymphoma is a more aggressive and distinct form of post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorder

Cancer — Sun, 27 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:BL‐PTLD had a higher Epstein‐Barr virus incidence compared with sporadic and immunodeficiency‐associated BL and represented a distinct monomorphic PTLD. Although some M‐PTLDs can be managed less aggressively with decreased immunosuppression alone, immediate lymphoma‐specific chemotherapy was associated with a favorable outcome and was strongly recommended. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)

An unusual cause of acute obstructive jaundice in an HIV-infected patient

International Journal of STD and AIDS — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

We describe the case of an HIV-1-infected patient presenting with acute obstructive jaundice as the initial manifestation of primary small bowel Burkitt's lymphoma. The biliary obstruction resolved rapidly following chemotherapy without the need for surgical intervention. The prognosis is favourable with appropriate timely treatment. (Source: International Journal of STD and AIDS)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Burkitt's non-Hodgkins lymphoma presenting as facial nerve palsy in HIV-positive patients

International Journal of STD and AIDS — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

An isolated facial nerve palsy is rare as the presentation of a central nervous system lymphoma. In this case series, we present the clinical features of three HIV-positive patients presenting with facial nerve palsies due to HIV-associated Burkitt's lymphoma. These patients had a non-resolving facial paralysis, which occurred during a late stage of HIV. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) did not show leptomeningeal enhancement. Cerebrospinal fluid revealed a lymphocytosis with elevated protein and low glucose levels. The diagnosis of Burkitt's lymphoma was made on histology which showed the characteristic ‘starry sky’ appearance due to scattered tangible body-laden macrophages. The patients were commenced on the intensive chemotherapy regimen of CODOX-M/IVAC. Two patients died o...

Visualization and quantification of cytotoxicity mediated by antibodies using imaging flow cytometry.

Journal of Immunological Methods — Mon, 21 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

We report a new method for the direct imaging and quantification of ADCC of cancer cells. The proposed method using imaging flow cytometry combines the statistical power of flow cytometry with the analytical advantages of cell imaging, providing a novel and more comprehensive perspective of effector/target cell interactions during ADCC events. With this method we can quantify and show in detail the morphological changes in target and effector cells, their apoptotic index, the physical interaction between effector and target cells, and a directional transfer of cytosolic contents from effector to target cells. As a model system we used the therapeutic anti-CD20 antibody rituximab to target CFSE labeled Ramos human Burkitt's lymphoma cells, to CMTPX-labeled human monocytic U937 effector cell...

Using Roche's CASY Cell Counter And Analyzer For Proliferation And Viability Measurement In Cancer Studies

Health News from Medical News Today — Fri, 18 Mar 2011 08:00:00 +0100

In a recent study (1), Prokop et al. used the CASY Cell Counter and Analyzer from Roche Applied Science (SIX: RO, ROG; OTCQX: RHHBY) to identify the specific anticancer properties of a therapeutic substance in Burkitt-like lymphoma cells (BJAB cells). In addition to using the CASY system for multi-parameter quality control of the cell cultures, the team also brought the system to bear in examining apoptosis induction as early as 24 hours after treatment, i.e., before taking final measurements with Annexin-V and DNA fragmentation assays 24 h and 48 h later, respectively... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Burkitt lymphoma in South African children: One or two entities?

Transfusion and Apheresis Science — Wed, 16 Mar 2011 17:37:44 +0100

Conclusions: The HIV infection worsens significantly the prognosis of children with BL, in spite of anti-retroviral and cytostatic treatment. (Source: Transfusion and Apheresis Science)

Impact of the HIV epidemic and Anti-Retroviral Treatment policy on lymphoma incidence and subtypes seen in the Western Cape of South Africa, 2002–2009: Preliminary findings of the Tygerberg Lymphoma Study Group

Transfusion and Apheresis Science — Wed, 16 Mar 2011 17:37:43 +0100

This study is designed to qualify and establish the impact of HIV epidemic and the ARV roll-out treatment program on the incidence of HIV Related Lymphoma (HRL). Early data document that despite the ART roll out, cases of HRL are increasing in this geographical location, now accounting for 37% of all lymphomas seen in 2009 which is an increase from 5% in 2002. This is in contrast to trends seen in developed environments following the introduction of ART. Also noted are the emergence of subtypes not previously seen in this location such as Burkitt and plasmablastic lymphomas. Burkitt lymphoma is now the commonest HRL seen in this population followed by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma subtypes. The reasons for this observed increase in HRL are not ascribable to improved diagnostic capacity as ...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

A case of tumor lysis syndrome following chemotherapy for a uterine epithelioid leiomyosarcoma with focal rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research — Wed, 16 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractTumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a potential complication characterized by hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia, hyperkalemia and hypocalcemia due to massive necrosis of malignant cells after cytotoxic therapy. This fatal complication occurs frequently in tumors with hematological malignancies, such as acute lymphoblastic leukemia and Burkitt's lymphoma, and in other tumors with high proliferative rates and tumor burdens. TLS is rarely associated with the treatment of solid tumors. Herein, we report a case of TLS following the initial administration of effective chemotherapy for an epithelioid leiomyosarcoma with focal rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation of the uterus. (Source: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research)

A BACH2‐BCL2L1 fusion gene resulting from a t(6;20)(q15;q11.2) chromosomal translocation in the lymphoma cell line BLUE‐1

Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer — Tue, 15 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractAbnormalities of the long arm of chromosome 6 are a common feature in various B‐cell malignancies. In most cases, the genes involved have not yet been clearly identified. We have molecularly characterized the recently established Burkitt lymphoma cell line BLUE‐1 that carries a t(6;20)(q15;q11.2) rearrangement in addition to the typical t(8;14) with MYC‐IGH fusion. To identify the gene loci involved on both chromosomes we applied a sequential BAC clone mapping strategy. By using RT‐PCR we were finally able to detect a chimeric mRNA transcript showing a fusion of the first (non‐coding) exon of BACH2 (BTB and CNC homology 1, basic leucine zipper transcription factor 2) on 6q15 to the second exon of BCL2L1 (BCL‐X) on 20q11. Various fusion transcripts were detected for diff...

Cytokine signatures of transformed B cells with distinct EBV latencies as a potential diagnostic tool for B cell lymphoma

Cancer Science — Thu, 10 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

ABSTRACTImmunocompromised individuals, including those infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), are at increased risk of Epstein‐Barr virus (EBV)‐associated aggressive B cell malignancies such as Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) or diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Differential diagnosis of these lymphomas requires histopathological, immunohistochemical, and cytogenetic assessments. Rapid, less invasive approaches to the diagnosis of EBV‐associated B cell lymphomas are needed. Here, high‐throughput cytokine profiling of BL cell lines and EBV‐transformed B lymphoblastoid cell lines (B‐LCLs), representing DLBCL, was carried out. By monitoring the production of 42 different cytokines, unique cytokine signatures were identified for BL and B‐LCL/DLBCL. BL cells produced int...

Cytokine signatures of transformed B cells with distinct Epstein–Barr virus latencies as a potential diagnostic tool for B cell lymphoma

Cancer Science — Thu, 10 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Immunocompromised individuals, including those infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), are at increased risk of Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)‐associated aggressive B cell malignancies such as Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL) or diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Differential diagnosis of these lymphomas requires histopathological, immunohistochemical and cytogenetic assessments. Rapid, less invasive approaches to the diagnosis of EBV‐associated B cell lymphomas are needed. Here, high‐throughput cytokine profiling of BL cell lines and EBV‐transformed B lymphoblastoid cell lines (B‐LCL), representing DLBCL, was carried out. By monitoring the production of 42 different cytokines, unique cytokine signatures were identified for BL and B‐LCL/DLBCL. The BL cells produced interleuk...

Two Proteins Play Key Roles In Burkitt's Lymphoma

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 08 Mar 2011 08:00:00 +0100

Burkitt's lymphoma is one of the most aggressive tumors affecting humans. Multiple alterations in genes that regulate cell proliferation rate explain its aggressive behavior. A new study reveals new molecular insights into the understanding and treatment of Burkitt`s lymphoma. The new finding concentrates on a genetic locus -- a piece of DNA with one or more genes which is the specific location of a gene or DNA sequence on a chromosome -- called INK4a/ARF locus... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

2 proteins play key roles in Burkitt's lymphoma

EurekAlert! - Cancer — Mon, 07 Mar 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(Sbarro Health Research Organization) A new study from the Sbarro Health Research Organization reveals new molecular insight into the understanding and treatment of Burkitt`s lymphoma, one of the most aggressive tumors affecting humans. (Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer)

Clinical features and types of paediatric orofacial malignant neoplasms at two hospitals in Nairobi, Kenya

Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery — Mon, 07 Mar 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Overall, malignancies were more common in males than females with most having been diagnosed in children aged less than 10 years. Retinoblastoma and BL were the most common neoplasms. (Source: Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery)

7-b, a novel amonafide analogue, cause growth inhibition and apoptosis in Raji cells via a ROS-mediated mitochondrial pathway

Leukemia Research — Mon, 07 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Previous studies have shown that 7-b (6-(dodecylamino)-2-(3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl)-1H-benzo-[de]isoquinoline-1,3(2H)-dione), a novel amonafide-based DNA intercalator, was generated as a new anticancer candidate. However, the effects induced by 7-b and the molecular mechanisms involved remain poorly understood in Burkitt's lymphoma. To shed light on these issues, we have investigated the effects of 7-b on proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis activity and oxidative stress levels of lymphoma Raji cells in vitro. Our results showed that 7-b inhibited the proliferation of Raji cells and induced G1 cell cycle arrest in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, 7-b treatment triggered programmed cell death, production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and alteration of the ...

The use of ultrasound in endemic Burkitt lymphoma in Cameroon

Pediatric Blood and Cancer — Wed, 02 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsWe demonstrate that US provides more accurate staging of eBL than clinical examination. Abdominal involvement is more common than previously reported and appears to be as frequent as disease of the jaw at presentation. Further study should determine if more accurate staging with US is useful in risk‐stratifying treatment. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer)

Angioedema associated with dihydropyridine calcium-channel blockers in a child with Burkitt lymphoma.

American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy : AJHP — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion An eight-year-old boy with Burkitt lymphoma developed severe macroglossia and angioedema when treated with nicardipine. The reaction persisted throughout treatment with amlodipine and resolved quickly after amlodipine was withdrawn. PMID: 21330681 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy : AJHP)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Biological Effects of MC2050, a Quinazoline-Based PARP-1 Inhibitor, in Human Neuroblastoma and EBV-Positive Burkitt's Lymphoma Cells.

ChemMedChem — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mosca L, Rotili D, Tempera I, Masci A, Fontana M, Chiaraluce R, Mastromarino P, d'Erme M, Mai A PMID: 21365766 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: ChemMedChem)

African Burkitt Lymphoma: Age-Specific Risk and Correlations with Malaria Biomarkers.

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Emmanuel B, Kawira E, Ogwang MD, Wabinga H, Magatti J, Nkrumah F, Neequaye J, Bhatia K, Brubaker G, Biggar RJ, Mbulaiteye SM Abstract. African Burkitt lymphoma is an aggressive B-cell, non-Hodgkin lymphoma linked to Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Malaria biomarkers related to onset of African Burkitt lymphoma are unknown. We correlated age-specific patterns of 2,602 cases of African Burkitt lymphoma (60% male, mean ± SD age = 7.1 ± 2.9 years) from Uganda, Ghana, and Tanzania with malaria biomarkers published from these countries. Age-specific patterns of this disease and mean multiplicity of P. falciparum malaria parasites, defined as the average number of distinct genotypes per positive blood sample based on the merozoite surface protein-2 assessed by polymerase chain react...

Effects of AZD1152, a selective Aurora B kinase inhibitor, on Burkitt's and Hodgkin's lymphomas.

Biochemical Pharmacology — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mori N, Ishikawa C, Senba M, Kimura M, Okano Y We studied the effects of AZD1152, an Aurora B kinase inhibitor, on Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) and Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) in human tissues and cell cultures and in a murine xenograft model of lymphoma. Aurora kinase A and B levels were assessed by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry. They were aberrantly expressed in BL and HL cell lines, and in lymph nodes from patients with BL and HL. Next, activation of the Aurora B promoter was detected by reporter gene assays. The promoter activity of Aurora B kinase was high in BL cell lines and the Aurora B promoter contained a positive regulatory region between -74 and -104 from the transcription initiation site. AZD1152-hQPA had antiproliferative effects in the BL and HL cell lines studied; inh...

Secondary intracardiac Burkitt-like lymphoma in the absence of HIV infection.

Cardiovascular Journal of Africa — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

We report the case of a child with BLL, presenting with extensive infiltration of the heart in the absence of HIV infection, and with right-sided heart failure and positional dyspnoea as the major clinical problems. We highlight the challenges for diagnosis and adequate treatment in poor settings like ours. PMID: 21556454 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cardiovascular Journal of Africa)