MedWorm: Cancer of the Uterus

SGO: Laparoscopy Passes Staging Test for Uterine Cancer (CME/CE)

MedPage Today Hematology/Oncology — Thu, 18 Mar 2010 14:13:06 +0100

SAN FRANCISCO (MedPage Today) -- Laparoscopic staging of uterine cancer offers a safe and effective alternative standard of care to open surgical staging, results of a multicenter clinical trial showed. (Source: MedPage Today Hematology/Oncology)

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Sexual Pain and Dysfunction after Cancer Treatment

Women Speak — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 19:57:00 +0100

Patients undergoing cancer therapy are faced with many difficult side effects and changes in their bodies. For women, a frequent but unexpected side effect of cancer therapy is painful intercourse. Painful intercourse or dyspareunia may result from physical changes in the vagina following radiation and/or surgery or a depletion of the female hormone, estrogen, which can cause vaginal dryness. Female patients receiving certain chemotherapy agents may be at risk for premature menopause due to the effect of medication(s). Women with cancers of the cervix, uterus, ovaries, or vagina/vulva may undergo radical surgery or radiation, which leads to scarring and narrowing of the vagina. During treatment, most women and physicians are concerned with their battle against cancer, and there is ra...

Endometrial hyperplasia: a clinician's review

Obstetrics, Gynaecology and Reproductive Medicine — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 15:07:39 +0100

Abstract: Endometrial hyperplasia is considered present when the ratio of glandular to stromal tissue of the endometrium is greater than 1:1. Further differentiation is made into simple or complex hyperplasia with or without the presence of cytological atypia. Such changes are caused by excess or unopposed oestrogenic stimulation. Clinically endometrial hyperplasia is often asymptomatic but can present as abnormal uterine bleeding. Many cases are detected incidentally or following abnormal vaginal bleeding by an increase in the normal endometrial thickness on transvaginal ultrasonography (TVS). An endometrial biopsy can be obtained using a pipelle or at hysteroscopy, and examination of this allows a histological diagnosis. Cytological atypia mandates active intervention as its presence cor...

Heterogeneous expression of nestin in myofibroblasts of various human tissues

Pathology International — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, nestin was expressed in variable proportions of stromal myofibroblasts in human tissues. The differential expression of nestin may indicate phenotypic and functional heterogeneity. Nestin-positive myofibroblast may represent a relatively immature subpopulation of cells with multipotentiality. (Source: Pathology International)

The Pill 'does not raise death risk'

NHS News Feed — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 11:21:00 +0100

Conclusion This study followed a large number of women who had taken the contraceptive pill over 39 years. It showed that there was a small decrease in mortality rates for women who had ever used the Pill compared to those who had never used it. However, there are several things to consider when interpreting these results, many of which the researchers highlight: Medical diseases and risk factors may have differed between the two groups of women but were not adjusted for in the analyses. A lack of adjustment for medical history may have influenced the results as the oral contraceptive pill is not suitable for all women as a number of medical factors make taking the Pill undesirable or unsafe, including a history of vascular disease (e.g. deep vein thrombosis, DVT), past strokes or mi...

Abdominal hysterectomy: What to expect

MayoClinic.com Full Feed — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 02:45:00 +0100

Abdominal hysterectomy — Surgery that removes the uterus and treats gynecologic conditions, such as cancer. (Source: MayoClinic.com Full Feed)

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Assessment of gross examination and frozen section of uterine specimen in endometrial cancer patients

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 15:21:04 +0100

Conclusion These data confirm the previous reports for the accuracy of gross examination and frozen section diagnosis in early stage and low-grade tumors. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Gynecologic OncologyDOI 10.1007/s00404-010-1387-3Authors Fatemeh Ghaemmaghami, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Gynecology Oncology Department, Vali-E-Asr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex Keshavarz blvd. Tehran IranSoheila Aminimoghaddam, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Gynecology Oncology Department, Vali-E-Asr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex Keshavarz blvd. Tehran IranMitra Modares-Gilani, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Gynecology Oncology Department, Vali-E-Asr Hospital, Imam Khomeini Hospital Complex Keshavarz blvd. Tehran IranAzamosadat Mo...

Cervical polyps: evaluation of routine removal and need for accompanying D&C

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 15:21:02 +0100

Conclusion Routine removal of cervical polyps, although not mandatory, seems clinically prudent because pathological evaluation is needed to confirm the diagnosis and to rule out other possibilities. 10.9% of postmenopausal patients and 7.8% of premenopausal patients were diagnosed with any endometrial pathology accompanying cervical polyp. Therefore, cervical polyps can be a sign of endometrial disease, especially in postmenopausal women with cervical polyp endometrium should be evaluated more carefully. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory General GynecologyDOI 10.1007/s00404-010-1405-5Authors Esra Esim Buyukbayrak, Dr. Lutfi Kirdar Kartal Education and Research Hospital Department of Gynecology Çanakkale cd. No: 26/11 Atalar, Kartal Istanbul TurkeyAyse Yasemin ...

Yale Study Details How And Why Of BPA's Dangers

Cancercompass News: Breast Cancer — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Exposing a female fetus to a chemical found in plastics causes permanent changes in a daughter's uterus that might result in cancer -- and a research team led by a Yale doctor has figured out why. (Source: Cancercompass News: Breast Cancer)

Three Cry Toxins in Two Types from Bacillus thuringiensis Strain M019 Preferentially Kill Human Hepatocyte Cancer and Uterus Cervix Cancer Cells.

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry — Sun, 07 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Nagamatsu Y, Okamura S, Saitou H, Akao T, Mizuki E Bacillus thuringiensis strain M019, non-pathogenic to lepidopteran and dipteran insects, produces a parasporal inclusion that consists of three 84-kDa Cry proteins (CPs). CP78A and CP78B, which exhibit 83.5% amino acid identity, were new variants of the previously reported HeLa cell-killing protein (parasporin-1). CP84 was a novel CP showing low-level homology, of 21.9% (56.4% similarity), with the insecticidal Cry2 toxin. In vitro solubilization with dithiothreitol at pH 10.2 and limited hydrolysis with trypsin resulted in the removal of N-terminal portions of the CPs and their activation. The 70-kDa proteins (15- and 55-kDa fragments) from CP78A and CP78B and the 73-kDa protein (14- and 59-kDa fragments) from CP84 exhibited ...

High-risk human papillomavirus type 18 E7 caused p27 elevation and cytoplasmic localization.

Cancer Biology and Therapy — Sat, 06 Mar 2010 19:28:11 +0100

Authors: Yan X, Shah W, Jing L, Chen H, Wang Y The tumor suppressor p27(Kip1) is an inhibitor of cyclin/cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) complexes and plays a crucial role in cell cycle regulation. Nevertheless, p27 function in the tumorigenesis of the uterine cervix has been poorly defined. Some phenomenon hints that HPV E7 protein can enhance p27 expression, which is contradictory to HPV E7's property of increasing cell proliferation rate. So, in the present study, we have examined the effect of E7 on p27 expression. Though the levels of p27 are increased after HPV E7 expression, most of the p27 protein localized in the cytoplasm and have no function on cell cycle arrest and contact inhibition. The cell migration rate is elevated when p27 is high expression and located in cytoplasm. The...

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Promoter hypermethylation of CIDEA, HAAO and RXFP3 associated with microsatellite instability in endometrial carcinomas.

Gynecologic Oncology — Sat, 06 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Hypermethylation of CIDEA, HAAO and RXFP3 promoter regions appears to be a frequent event in endometrial carcinomas. Hypermethylation at these loci is strongly associated with microsatellite instability status. Moreover, HAAO methylation predicts disease-free survival in this cohort of patients with endometrioid endometrial cancer. PMID: 20211485 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gynecologic Oncology)

[Comment] Radiotherapy for endometrial cancer: a key piece in the jigsaw

LANCET — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

With a rising yearly incidence of more than 20 women per 100 000, endometrial cancer is now the most common gynaecological cancer in developed countries. More than 75% of patients present with disease confined to the uterus. After hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, histopathological variables are used to assign risk of recurrence. Endometrial cancer of high-intermediate risk accounts for around 30% of women with early disease, of whom about 15% either have occult metastases or will develop metastatic disease. Adjuvant treatment to reduce the risk of recurrence has traditionally been external beam radiotherapy (EBRT), which is presently offered to about a third of women with endometrial cancer, with or without vaginal brachytherapy (VBT). However, although EBRT reduces the r...

Pelvic radiotherapy and the risk of secondary leukemia and multiple myeloma

Cancer — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Although several studies had examined secondary malignancies in patients with specific primary tumor types, to the authors' knowledge there are very few data examining the long-term sequelae of pelvic radiation as a whole. The goal of the current study was to examine the risk of treatment-associated leukemia and multiple myeloma in patients treated with pelvic radiotherapy.Patients with invasive tumors of the vulva, cervix, uterus, anus, and rectosigmoid treated from 1973 to 2005 and recorded in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were analyzed. Patients were stratified based on receipt of pelvic radiotherapy. The incidence of secondary leukemia (except chronic lymphocytic leukemia) and multiple myeloma were examined. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models...

Invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix associated with pregnancy

Cancer — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study is a representation of 90 years of experience with carcinoma of the uterine cervix in pregnancy. The objective was to retrospectively study changes in the distribution of cervical carcinoma (CC) by age, disease stage, histopathology, survival, and the development of second primary cancers.Altogether, 18,474 women with newly diagnosed CC were examined and treated at the Radiumhemmet between 1914 and 2004, including 9247 women who were of a childbearing age ( (Source: Cancer)

Human papillomavirus type 16 E5 protein inhibits hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis by stimulating ubiquitin-proteasome-mediated degradation of Bax in human cervical cancer cells

Carcinogenesis — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 15:26:26 +0100

To investigate the mechanism by which the human papillomavirus (HPV) E5 protein contributes to the carcinogenesis of uterine cervical cancer, we studied the effect of HPV E5 on apoptosis of cervical cancer cells and its underlying mechanism. Expression of HPV16 E5 protein inhibited hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis in C-33A cervical cancer cells. E5 decreased the expression of Bax protein, and exogenous expression of Bax abolished the anti-apoptotic effect of E5. Knockdown of E5 by small interfering RNA sensitized CaSki cervical cancer cells to hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis with concurrent increase in Bax expression. Transient expression of E5 significantly increased the degradation rate of Bax protein by inducing the ubiquitination. The E5-induced decrease in Bax expression was in...

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Histone deacetylase inhibitor vorinostat suppresses the growth of uterine sarcomas in vitro and in vivo

Molecular Cancer — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Our data strongly indicate the high therapeutic potential of vorinostat in uterine sarcomas. (Source: Molecular Cancer)

Latest Advances In Minimally Invasive Medicine Featured At Society Of Interventional Radiology Meeting March 13-18 In Tampa, Fla.

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 14:00:00 +0100

The Society of Interventional Radiology (SIR) will present the latest research on treatments for individuals with liver, breast, soft tissue, colon, prostate, lung and pancreatic cancers; painful spinal fractures; peripheral arterial disease (PAD); uterine fibroids; and more at its 35th Annual Scientific Meeting March 13 -18 at the Tampa Convention Center. More than 5,000 physicians, scientists and allied health professionals are expected to attend this premier IR event... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Latest Advances In Minimally Invasive Medicine Featured At Society Of Interventional Radiology Meeting March 13-18 In Tampa, Fla.

Cancer / Oncology News From Medical News Today — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 14:00:00 +0100

The Society of Interventional Radiology (SIR) will present the latest research on treatments for individuals with liver, breast, soft tissue, colon, prostate, lung and pancreatic cancers; painful spinal fractures; peripheral arterial disease (PAD); uterine fibroids; and more at its 35th Annual Scientific Meeting March 13 -18 at the Tampa Convention Center... (Source: Cancer / Oncology News From Medical News Today)

Dietary glycemic index and load in relation to risk of uterine leiomyomata in the Black Women's Health Study.

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that high dietary GI and GL may be associated with an increased UL risk in some women. The observed associations warrant investigation in future studies. PMID: 20200259 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)

Uterine-specific p53 deficiency confers premature uterine senescence and promotes preterm birth in mice

Journal of Clinical Investigation — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 17:25:43 +0100

Many signaling pathways that contribute to tumorigenesis are also functional in pregnancy, although they are dysregulated in the former and tightly regulated in the latter. Transformation-related protein 53 (Trp53), which encodes p53, is a tumor suppressor gene whose mutation is strongly associated with cancer. However, its role in normal physiological processes, including female reproduction, is poorly understood. Mice that have a constitutive deletion of Trp53 exhibit widespread development of carcinogenesis at early reproductive ages, compromised spermatogenesis, and fetal exencephaly, rendering them less amenable to studying the role of p53 in reproduction. To overcome this obstacle, we generated mice that harbor a conditional deletion of uterine Trp53 and examined pregnancy outcome in...

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Society of Interventional Radiology hosts 35th Annual Scientific Meeting

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 05:00:00 +0100

(Society of Interventional Radiology) The Society of Interventional Radiology (SIR) will present the latest research on treatments for individuals with liver, breast, soft tissue, colon, prostate, lung and pancreatic cancers; painful spinal fractures; peripheral arterial disease (PAD); uterine fibroids; and more at its 35th Annual Scientific Meeting March 13-18 at the Tampa Convention Center. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Pelvic Tuberculosis Mimicking Advanced Ovarian Cancer

The Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

A 29-year-old woman with asthenia, weight loss, and abdominal tension came to our attention because of bilateral adnexal masses and ascites. Blood tests showed elevated levels of cancer antigen 125 (CA 125) (448IU/mL) and fibrinogen (550mg/dL); other values were normal. Her mother had died of ovarian cancer at age 46 years. Her father was receiving active treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). In our patient, a chest radiograph and subsequent computed tomographic (CT) scan showed no signs of TB. The intradermal Mantoux test yielded negative findings. An abdominal CT scan indicated that both ovaries were markedly increased in volume and were structurally subverted, with diffused packing of the small bowel with abundant ascites, findings highly suggestive of advanced ovarian cancer. Parac...

Upregulation of FOXM1 induces genomic instability in human epidermal keratinocytes

Molecular Cancer — Fri, 26 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: We hypothesise that prolonged and repeated UVB exposure selects for skin cells bearing stable FOXM1 protein causes aberrant cell cycle checkpoint thereby allowing ectopic cell cycle entry and subsequent genomic instability. The aberrant upregulation of FOXM1 serves as a first hit where cells acquire genomic instability which in turn predisposes cells to a second hit whereby DNA-damage checkpoint response (eg. p53 or p16) is abolished to allow damaged cells to proliferate and accumulate genetic aberrations/mutations required for cancer initiation. (Source: Molecular Cancer)

Removing Lymph Nodes May Boost Endometrial Cancer Survival

MedlinePlus Health News — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 19:00:00 +0100

For medium- to high-risk women, more surgery is better, study shows Source: HealthDay Related MedlinePlus Pages: Lymphatic Diseases, Uterine Cancer (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

Long-term endometrial effects in postmenopausal women with early breast cancer participating in the Intergroup Exemestane Study (IES)--a randomised controlled trial of exemestane versus continued tamoxifen after 2-3 years tamoxifen

Annals of Oncology — Mon, 22 Feb 2010 13:25:35 +0100

Conclusion: Switching from tamoxifen to exemestane significantly reverses endometrial thickening associated with continued tamoxifen. (Source: Annals of Oncology)

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Faith makes regulating herbal medicine difficult

Guardian Unlimited Science — Sat, 20 Feb 2010 00:00:01 +0100

A judge this week called for traditional medicine to be regulated, but it's not easy when practitioners make claims based on faithYou may have read about Ying Wu this week: a traditional Chinese medicine doctor operating out of a shop in Chelmsford, Essex, who for several years prescribed pills with high doses of a dangerous substance to treat the acne of senior civil servant Patricia Booth, 58. Following this, her patient lost both kidneys, developed urinary tract cancer, had a heart attack, and is on dialysis three times a week. Judge Jeremy Roberts gave Ying a two-year conditional discharge, saying she could not be blamed, because she did not know the pills were harmful and the practice of traditional Chinese medicine is unregulated in Britain, a situation that he suggests should be rem...

Faith clouds herbal medicine regulation

Guardian Unlimited Science — Sat, 20 Feb 2010 00:00:01 +0100

Assessment of Tumor Recurrence in Patients With Colorectal Cancer and Elevated Carcinoembryonic Antigen Level: FDG PET/CT Versus Contrast-Enhanced 64-MDCT of the Chest and Abdomen

American Journal of Roentgenology — Fri, 19 Feb 2010 21:02:50 +0100

CONCLUSION. FDG PET/CT has higher sensitivity than MDCT in the identification of sites of recurrent and metastatic disease in patients with colorectal cancer and an elevated CEA level. The two techniques appear to have similar specificity. (Source: American Journal of Roentgenology)

Study Findings On Cervical Cancer Are Outlined In Reports From University Of Michigan

Cancercompass News: Gynecological Cancer — Fri, 19 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In previous studies, we have shown a three to four times higher urban incidence of breast cancer and estrogen receptor-positive breast cancers in the Gharbiah Province of Egypt. We investigated the urban-rural incidence differences of gynaecologic malignancies (uterine, ovarian and cervical cancers) to explore if they show the same trend that we found for breast cancer, scientists in the United States report. (Source: Cancercompass News: Gynecological Cancer)

The influence of TXNDC5 gene on gastric cancer cell

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology — Mon, 15 Feb 2010 17:59:48 +0100

Conclusion TXNDC5 can promote the growth and proliferation of gastric cells. Silencing of TXNDC5 can restrain the growth and proliferation of gastric cancer cells. The gene can enhance the capability of invasion of gastric cancer cells. In some respects, TXNDC5 could be thought as a tumor-enhancing gene in gastric cancer. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s00432-010-0807-xAuthors Lin Zhang, The 309 Hospital of PLA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Beijing 100091 ChinaYanhong Hou, The 309 Hospital of PLA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Beijing 100091 ChinaNan Li, The 309 Hospital of PLA Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Beijing 100091 ChinaKai Wu, The 309 Hospital of PLA Department of Gastroenterology a...

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Tobacco Use Linked To Worse Outcomes In HPV-Positive Head And Neck Cancer, U-M Study Finds

Cancer / Oncology News From Medical News Today — Mon, 15 Feb 2010 10:00:00 +0100

Patients with head and neck cancer linked to high risk human papillomavirus, or HPV, have worse outcomes if they are current or former tobacco users, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center. High-risk HPVs are the same viruses that are associated with cancers of the uterine cervix... (Source: Cancer / Oncology News From Medical News Today)

Tobacco Use Linked To Worse Outcomes In HPV-Positive Head And Neck Cancer, U-M Study Finds

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 15 Feb 2010 10:00:00 +0100

Patients with head and neck cancer linked to high risk human papillomavirus, or HPV, have worse outcomes if they are current or former tobacco users, according to a new study from researchers at the University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center. High-risk HPVs are the same viruses that are associated with cancers of the uterine cervix. The research suggests that current or former tobacco users may need a more aggressive treatment regimen than patients who have never used tobacco... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Transcription Factor KLF11 Integrates Progesterone Receptor Signaling and Proliferation in Uterine Leiomyoma Cells

Cancer Research — Mon, 15 Feb 2010 05:08:33 +0100

Progesterone signaling is crucial for proliferation of a variety of clinically significant tumors in women, but compared to estrogen signaling relatively less is understood about the signaling pathways for progesterone. (Source: Cancer Research)

Expression of miR-122 mediated by adenoviral vector induces apoptosis and cell cycle arrest of cancer cells.

Cancer Biology and Therapy — Sun, 14 Feb 2010 05:16:08 +0100

Conclusion: The antitumor activity of Ad-miR122 was probably due to the induction of apoptosis and/or cell cycle arrest in cancer cells through inhibiting Bcl-W and/or CCNG1 expression. We concluded that expression of therapeutic microRNA, such as miR-122, via adenoviral vector is a promising strategy for cancer treatment. PMID: 20150764 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cancer Biology and Therapy)

Do HLRCC and BHD Syndrome share a similar obligation to respire anaerobically?

Kidney Cancer Association — Sat, 13 Feb 2010 17:24:41 +0100

Yang et al, (2010) describe the generation and characterisation of an immortalised hereditary leiomyomatosis renal cell carcinoma (HLRCC) cell line, derived from a human patient. HLRCC is a form of inherited kidney cancer in which affected individuals are at risk of developing cutaneous and uterine leiomyomas and kidney cancer, characterized by germline mutation of the Krebs cycle enzyme fumarate hydratase (FH; Launonen et al, 2001). Incidences of renal cancer in HLRCC are highly aggressive and often result in metastasis.02/14/2010 (Source: Kidney Cancer Association)

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Leiomyoma of the gallbladder: a case report with review of the literature and discussion of the differential diagnosis

Journal of Clinical Pathology — Fri, 12 Feb 2010 10:25:41 +0100

Mesenchymal neoplasms of the gallbladder are rare, and most represent sarcomas of various histological types. To our knowledge, only a few patients with multiple Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-associated smooth muscle tumours of the gallbladder in the setting of immunodeficiency have been reported in the English literature, but no single case of conventional leiomyoma has been well documented to date. A case of gallbladder leiomyoma in a healthy 34-year-old woman is described here. The tumour was found incidentally on a routine ultrasound examination and was removed by simple cholecystectomy. The patient is alive and well at last follow-up, 6 months after surgery. Histology and immunohistochemistry were consistent with a benign smooth muscle neoplasm that is very similar to conventional ut...

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the uterine cervix

Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 13:47:35 +0100

We report a case of LELC of the cervix, diagnosed on the basis of histopathology in a 42-year-old female who presented with a history of postcoital bleeding. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)

Incidence of malignancy in primary Sjogren's syndrome in a Chinese cohort

Rheumatology — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 12:45:03 +0100

Conclusions. The current study confirms the increased incidence of lymphoma in Chinese patients with pSS, with the majority of B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Associations between pSS and other malignant tumours such as myeloid myeloma, mouth cancer, breast cancer and thymoma need to be further observed. (Source: Rheumatology)

High micronucleus frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes of untreated cancer patients irrespective of gender, smoking and cancer sites.

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 06:10:03 +0100

In conclusion, untreated cancer patients may be associated with an increase of chromosomal instability in peripheral blood lymphocytes, irrespective of gender, cigarette smoking and cancer sites. PMID: 20139662 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine)

Disparities in uterine cancer survival in a Brooklyn cohort of black women

Future Oncology — Wed, 10 Feb 2010 17:27:00 +0100

Future Oncology , February 2010, Vol. 6, No. 2, Pages 319-327. (Source: Future Oncology)

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Revealing A Potent Suppressor Of Endometrial Cancer

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 11:00:00 +0100

Endometrial cancer is the most common cancer of the female reproductive tract, representing 6% of all cancers. There is currently no screening method or biomarker to indicate early presence of disease. "It is a very common malignancy that affects women of all ages" comments paper author Dr. Diego Castrillon. The cancer forms from the cells that grow along the inner lining of the uterus, which is called the endometrium, and usually it is diagnosed following patient reports of abnormal bleeding... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Phase I Trial of Pelvic Radiation, Weekly Cisplatin, and 3-Aminopyridine-2-Carboxaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone (3-AP, NSC #663249) for Locally Advanced Cervical Cancer.

Clinical Cancer Research — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: 3-AP was well tolerated at a three times weekly i.v. 25 mg/m(2) dose during cisplatin and pelvic radiation. Clin Cancer Res; 16(4); 1298-306. PMID: 20145183 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Cancer Research)

A potent suppressor of endometrial cancer is revealed

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Mon, 08 Feb 2010 05:00:00 +0100

(The Company of Biologists) Treatment of endometrial cancer has not advanced significantly in 30 years and there are no screening tests to promote early detection. Researchers at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Harvard Medical School developed a new approach to specifically target genetic changes to the endometrial cells in mice. Using this new technique, they show that loss of an emerging tumor suppressor causes abnormal growth and widespread malignancy of cells lining the uterus. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

A potent suppressor of endometrial cancer is revealed

ScienceDaily Headlines — Mon, 08 Feb 2010 05:00:00 +0100

Treatment of endometrial cancer has not advanced significantly in 30 years and there are no screening tests to promote early detection. Researchers have developed a new approach to specifically target genetic changes to the endometrial cells in mice. Using this new technique, they show that loss of an emerging tumor suppressor causes abnormal growth and widespread malignancy of cells lining the uterus. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)

Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 – An Independent Risk Factor for Cancer?

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes — Sat, 06 Feb 2010 14:19:34 +0100

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2010; 118: 4-8DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1243193AbstractEpidemiological findings have shown up to two-fold increases in the risks of cancers of the colorectum, breast, endometrium, kidney (renal cell tumours), liver and pancreas among diabetes patients. In the present review, we address the question whether, on the basis of these epidemiological observations, type 2 diabetes should be considered a specific and independent risk factor for these various forms of cancer, due to its particular metabolic characteristics of glucose intolerance and hyperinsulinemia. On the basis of further epidemiological evidence among non-diabetic individuals, as well as recent studies examining the effects of different types of diabetes treatment on cancer risks, we conclude that chronic ...

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Vaginal polyp: an unusual cause of postmenopausal bleeding

Gynecological Surgery — Thu, 04 Feb 2010 18:12:06 +0100

We present this unusual case of fibroepithelial polyp of the vagina as a cause for PMB. Vaginal fibroepithelial polyp is a rare lesion, and although benign, it can be confused with malignant connective tissue lesions. Treatment is simple excision, and recurrence is extremely uncommon. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/s10397-010-0554-7Authors Janaki Putran, Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Turner Road Colchester CO4 5JL UKRachana Gupta, Colchester Hospital University NHS Foundation Trust Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Turner Road Colchester CO4 5JL UK Journal Gynecological SurgeryOnline ISSN 1613-2084Print ISSN 1613-2076 (Source: Gynecological Surgery)

Research From University Hospital In Cervical Cancer Provides New Insights

Cancercompass News: Gynecological Cancer — Thu, 04 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Current study results from the report, 'Diagnostic approach for precancerous and early invasive cancerous lesions of the uterine cervix,' have been published. (Source: Cancercompass News: Gynecological Cancer)

Total laparoscopic hysterectomy with pelvic/aortic lymph node dissection for endometrial cancer-a consecutive series without case selection and comparison to laparotomy.

Gynecologic Oncology — Thu, 04 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: For clinically localized endometrial cancer, TLH/BSO/LND can functionally duplicate operative time equivalent to "open" procedures, while improving nodal yield, and minimizing influence of BMI on conversion to laparotomy and case selection. PMID: 20138346 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gynecologic Oncology)

Fine Tuning of Endometrial Function by Estrogen and Progesterone Through microRNAs.

Biology of Reproduction — Wed, 03 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lessey BA Progesterone suppresses estrogen at multiple levels in the normal secretory phase endometrium including the induction of microRNAs. If progesterone-stimulated miRNAs are disrupted, expression from the mRNA targets of each miRNA may fail to be suppressed, allowing excessive cell proliferation. In fact, recent work by others is already confirming the hypothesis that miRNAs are diagnostic smoking guns for various diseases like endometriosis. This is an area of intense investigation and one that is worth watching, especially for those interested in the endometrium, infertility, cancer, and even contraception. The study published in Biology of Reproduction by Kuokkanen et al. on miRNA expression in endometrial epithelium sets the stage to look for miRNAs as a mechanism fo...

Molecular alterations in uterine serous carcinoma.

Gynecologic Oncology — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Since optimal treatment of uterine serous carcinoma remains unknown, novel therapeutic approaches need to be actively pursued. The molecular targets discussed warrant further investigation and suggest a potential role for therapeutic agents targeting HER-2 and EGFR, as well as downstream targets such as the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway in the treatment of uterine serous carcinoma. PMID: 20109727 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gynecologic Oncology)

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Intractable haematuria: long-term results after selective embolization of the internal iliac arteries

BJU International — Fri, 29 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Study Type [ndash] Therapy (case series)Level of Evidence 4 To determine the feasibility and efficacy of transarterial embolization (TAE) in haemorrhagic urological emergencies, and to assess the perioperative morbidity, effect of timing of intervention on the requirement for blood transfusion, and the long-term follow-up. Between October 1997 and March 2009, 44 patients (30 men and 14 women; mean age 79 years, range 51[ndash]95) with intractable haematuria secondary to advanced pelvic tumour arising from or invading the bladder, underwent internal iliac TAE. Twenty-four patients had transitional carcinoma of the urinary bladder, 12 adenocarcinoma of the prostate, five carcinoma of the uterus, one cancer of the vagina, two carcinoma of the rectum, three carcinoma of the kidney, two simulta...

Pomegranate Extract Stimulates Uterine Contractions

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 28 Jan 2010 12:00:00 +0100

The team identified beta-sitosterol - a steroid that can inhibit the absorption of cholesterol in the intestine - as the main constituent of pomegranate seed extract. The research suggests that pomegranate extract could be used as a natural stimulant to encourage the uterus to contract during labour. Pomegranate juice is thought to have a number of health benefits, from lowering cholesterol and blood pressure to protecting against some cancers, but until now there has been no evidence to demonstrate its effects on the uterus... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Expression of interleukin-1 (IL-1) ligands system in the most common endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer subtypes

Journal of Ovarian Research — Thu, 28 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Endometrioid ovarian cancer exhibits an alteration in the expression of IL-1RA, a key protector against tumorogenic effects of IL-1. This alteration evokes the same alteration observed in endometriotic cells in previous studies. This suggests a possible link between the endometrium, the tissue ectopic endometriosis and endometrioid ovarian cancer. (Source: Journal of Ovarian Research)

Role of Progesterone in Endometrial Cancer

Seminars in Reproductive Medicine — Wed, 27 Jan 2010 15:53:59 +0100

Semin Reprod Med 2010; 28: 081-090DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1242998ABSTRACTProgesterone is a key hormone in the endometrium that opposes estrogen-driven growth. Insufficient progesterone will result in unopposed estrogen action that could lead to the development of endometrial hyperplasia and adenocarcinoma. Although these endometrial neoplasias can regress in response to progestin treatment, this does not occur in all instances. To understand this resistance to progesterone and to improve on existing hormonal therapies, it is imperative that the molecular mechanisms of progesterone action through its receptor be deciphered in endometrial cancer. This review highlights what is known thus far regarding the efficacy of progestin therapy in the clinic and the role of progesterone in endometrial can...

Novel chemoembolization using calcium-phosphate ceramic microsphere incorporating TNP-470, an anti-angiogenic agent

Cancer Science — Wed, 27 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

The purpose of the present study was to develop a new method of chemoembolization to improve the therapeutic effectiveness and safety profile of cancer treatment. A chemoembolization approach was designed for human solid tumors using resorbable calcium-phosphate ceramic microspheres loaded with an agent anti-angiogenic to tumor vasculature in vivo. The human uterine sarcoma cell line FU-MMT-3 was used in this study because this tumor is aggressive and also exhibits a poor response to radiotherapy or any chemotherapy currently used. The calcium-phosphate ceramic microspheres loaded with TNP-470, an anti-angiogenic agent, were injected into FU-MMT-3 xenografts in nude mice three times per week for 8 weeks. The treatment using TNP-470-loaded microspheres suppressed tumor growth, compared to t...

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Primary surgery versus primary radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy for early adenocarcinoma of the uterine cervix

NeLM - Oncology — Wed, 27 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

The objectives of this review were to compare the effectiveness and safety of primary surgery for early stage AC of the uterine cervix with primary radiotherapy or chemoradiation. Search strategy We searched Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) Issue 3, 2009, MEDLINE (1950 to July week 5, 2009), EMBASE (1980 to week 32, 2009) and we also searched the related articles feature of PubMed and the Web of Science. We also checked the reference lists of articles. Selection ... (Source: NeLM - Oncology)

Endometrial Profile of Tamoxifen and Low-Dose Estradiol Combination Therapy.

Clinical Cancer Research — Tue, 26 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These findings characterize a novel phenotype resulting from estrogen + SERM co-therapy. The predominance of Tam effects on endometrial proliferation, morphology, and transcriptional profiles suggests that endometrial risks for E(2) + Tam may be similar to Tam alone. Clin Cancer Res; 16(3); 946-56. PMID: 20103679 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Cancer Research)

[Cervical screening: Toward a new paradigm?]

Journal de Gynecologie, Obstetrique et Biologie de la Reproduction — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: The health care providers in France have to understand the characteristics of the HPV testing: its advantages compared to the cytologic screening are only evident in case of an organization of the screening in France and even in Europe. PMID: 20106606 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal de Gynecologie, Obstetrique et Biologie de la Reproduction)

Rapid, Sensitive Type Specific PCR Detection of the E6 and E7 regions of Human Papillomavirus Type 16 and 18 from Paraffin Embedded Sections of Cervical Carcinoma

Infectious Agents and Cancer — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, and in particularly infection with HPVs 16 and 18 is a central carcinogenic factor in the uterine cervix. We established and optimized a PCR assay for the detection and discrimination of HPV types 16 and 18 in archival formaldehyde fixed and paraffin embedded (FFPE) sections of cervical cancer.Tissue blocks from 35 cases of in situ or invasive cervical squamouscell carcinoma and surrogate FFPE sections containing the cell lines HeLa and SiHa were tested for HPV 16 and HPV18 and for the housekeeping gene beta-actin by conventional PCR using type specific primers. Using HPV 16 E7 primers, PCR products with the expected length were detected in 18 of 35 of FFPE sections (51%). HPV 18 E7 specific sequences were detected in 3 of 35 FFPE sections (9%).In our ...

Ultrastaging of lymph node in uterine cancers

Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research — Thu, 21 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In uterine cancers, H&E, serial sectioning and IHC appears the best histological combined technique to detect micrometastases. Although accumulating data have proved the relation between the risk of recurrence and the presence of micrometastases, their clinical implications on indications for adjuvant therapy has to be clarified. (Source: Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research)

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Novel Hydroxysteroid (17{beta}) Dehydrogenase 1 Inhibitors Reverse Estrogen-Induced Endometrial Hyperplasia in Transgenic Mice.

The American Journal of Pathology — Thu, 21 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Saloniemi T, Järvensivu P, Koskimies P, Jokela H, Lamminen T, Ghaem-Maghami S, Dina R, Damdimopoulou P, Mäkelä S, Perheentupa A, Kujari H, Brosens J, Poutanen M Local estrogen production plays a key role in proliferative endometrial disorders, such as endometrial hyperplasia and cancer. Hydroxysteroid (17beta) dehydrogenase 1 (HSD17B1) is an enzyme that catalyzes with high efficiency the conversion of weakly active estrone into highly potent estradiol. Here we report that female transgenic mice expressing human HSD17B1 invariably develop endometrial hyperplasia in adulthood. These mice also fail to ovulate and have enhanced peripheral conversion of estrone into estradiol in a variety of target tissues, including the uterus. As in humans, endometrial hyperplasia ...

A cancer stem cell origin for human endometrial carcinoma?

Reproduction — Wed, 20 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Hubbard S, Gargett C Endometrial cancer (EC) is the most common gynaecological malignancy affecting women in the Western world. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are defined as a subset of tumour cells with the capacity to self renew and give rise to the differentiated cells that comprise the bulk of the tumour. Given that a rare population of epithelial stem/progenitor cells has been identified in human endometrium, it is possible that these or their progeny may be the source of the putative cancer stem cell that may initiate and maintain EC. Studies have shown that some cells within EC have the capacity to initiate clones that undergo self renewing cell division and form tumours in vivo that can be serially passaged, demonstrating self renewal, proliferation and differentiation abili...

Higher expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptor VEGFR-2 (Flk-1) and metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in a rat model of peritoneal endometriosis is similar to cancer diseases

Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The present endometriosis model would be useful for investigation of the mechanisms of angiogenesis process involved in the peritoneal attachment of endometrial cells, as well as of the effects of therapeutic drugs, particularly with antiangiogenic activity. (Source: Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research)

Cochrane review: Levonorgestrel intrauterine system for endometrial protection in women with breast cancer on adjuvant tamoxifen

NeLM - Drug Specific Reviews — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Source: Cochrane Library Area: Evidence > Drug Specific Reviews Background Adjuvant tamoxifen reduces the risk of breast cancer recurrence in women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer. Tamoxifen also increases the risk of postmenopausal bleeding, endometrial hyperplasia, polyps, and endometrial cancer. The levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) causes profound endometrial suppression. This systematic review considered the evidence that the LNG-IUS prevents the development of endometrial pathology in women taking tamoxifen as adjuvant endocrine therapy for breast cancer. Objectives To determine the effectiveness of the levonorgestrel intrauterine system in preventing the development of endometrial hyperplasia, polyps, and adenocarcinoma in pre and post...

Amputation of uterine corpus as the intraoperative modification during cesarean radical hysterectomy for invasive cervical cancer during pregnancy

International Journal of Clinical Oncology — Mon, 18 Jan 2010 18:47:14 +0100

Conclusion Amputation of uterine corpus during CRH for invasive cervical cancer during pregnancy significantly improves the intraoperative performance, although it should be used with care. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10147-009-0014-4Authors Koji Matsuo, MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Unit 1362 1151 Pressler Street P.O. Box 301439 Houston TX 77230-1439 USATakayuki Enomoto, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Osaka JapanMasato Yamasaki, Osaka Rosai Hospital Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Osaka Japan Journal International Journal of Clinical OncologyOnline ISSN 1437-7772Print ISSN 1341-9625 (Source: International Journ...

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Heterozygous deficiency of {delta}-catenin impairs pathological angiogenesis

The Journal of Experimental Medicine — Mon, 18 Jan 2010 17:03:36 +0100

Vascular and neuronal networks share a similar branching morphology, and emerging evidence implicates common mechanisms in the formation of both systems. -Catenin is considered a neuronal catenin regulating neuron cell–cell adhesion and cell motility. Here, we report expression of -catenin in vascular endothelium, and show that deletion of only one allele of -catenin is sufficient to impair endothelial cell motility and vascular assembly in vitro and pathological angiogenesis in vivo, thereby inhibiting tumor growth and wound healing. In contrast, deletion of one or both allele of -catenin had no effects on hormone-induced physiological angiogenesis in the uterus. Molecular analysis confirmed a gene dosage effect of -catenin on Rho GTPase activity. Moreover, we show that inflammatory...

Endometrial Cancer: Often Curable When Caught Early

Cancer / Oncology News From Medical News Today — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 10:00:00 +0100

Postmenopausal women who experience vaginal bleeding should see a doctor promptly. According to the January issue of Mayo Clinic Health Letter, vaginal bleeding is a symptom that occurs early in the course of endometrial cancer, when the chance of a complete cure is the greatest. Even one drop of blood is abnormal in postmenopausal women. The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus... (Source: Cancer / Oncology News From Medical News Today)

Endometrial Cancer: Often Curable When Caught Early

Health News from Medical News Today — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 10:00:00 +0100

Postmenopausal women who experience vaginal bleeding should see a doctor promptly. According to the January issue of Mayo Clinic Health Letter, vaginal bleeding is a symptom that occurs early in the course of endometrial cancer, when the chance of a complete cure is the greatest. Even one drop of blood is abnormal in postmenopausal women. The endometrium is the inner lining of the uterus. Endometrial cancer develops when cells divide and grow abnormally, potentially invading other layers of the uterine tissue or even spreading beyond the uterus... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Researchers Report Details Of New Studies For Endometrial Cancer Immunology

Cancercompass News: Other Cancer — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Investigators publish new data in the report 'p53 overexpression in morphologically ambiguous endometrial carcinomas correlates with adverse clinical outcomes.' According to a study from the United States, The distinction between uterine serous and endometrioid carcinomas can usually be achieved by morphologic examination alone. (Source: Cancercompass News: Other Cancer)

Myocardin Functions as an Effective Inducer of Growth Arrest and Differentiation in Human Uterine Leiomyosarcoma Cells

Cancer Research — Thu, 14 Jan 2010 05:08:20 +0100

An unusual mechanism of cell cycle deregulation is revealed in uterine leiomyosarcomas, which along with endometrial tumors are the two most common uterine tumors encountered clinically. (Source: Cancer Research)

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Receptor-binding cancer antigen expressed on SiSo cells induces apoptosis via ectodomain shedding.

Experimental Cell Research — Wed, 13 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study explores how RCAS1 is involved in apoptosis initiation. The cell lines SiSo and MCF-7, human uterine carcinoma and breast adenocarcinoma, respectively, both express RCAS1, but RCAS1 secretion is undetectable in MCF-7 cells. SiSo and MCF-7 cells were stimulated to induce RCAS1 ectodomain shedding followed by assessment of RCAS1 expression and secretion. Additionally, the RCAS1 putative receptor-expressing human chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line K562 was co-cultured with SiSo, MCF-7, or soluble RCAS1 to follow RCAS1 secretion in apoptosis initiation. RCAS1 secretion was strongly suppressed by inhibitors of metalloproteases, protein kinase C (PKC)-delta, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase kinase (MEK), epidermal growth factor (EGF), a...

Anti-breast cancer potential of SS1020, a novel antiestrogen lacking estrogenic and genotoxic actions

International Journal of Cancer — Wed, 13 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Long-term treatment with tamoxifen (TAM) increases the risk of developing endometrial cancer in women. Several antiestrogens developed in last decades have been discontinued from clinical testing because of their undesirable effects on the uterus. To avoid such serious side-effect while increasing the drug's anti-breast cancer potential, new triphenylethylene antiestrogens, 2E-3-{4-[(E)-4-chloro-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-phenylbut-1-enyl]-phenyl} acrylic acid (SS1020) and 2E-3-{4-[(Z)-4-chloro-1,2-diphenylbut-1-enyl]phenyl}acrylic acid (SS1010), were designed as safer alternatives. Unlike TAM, SS1020 does not present significant uterotrophic potential in rats; in contrast, SS1010, a compound removing a 4-OH moiety from SS1020, represented weak uterotrophic activity. The structurally related co...

Myocardin Functions as an Effective Inducer of Growth Arrest and Differentiation in Human Uterine Leiomyosarcoma Cells.

Cell Research — Tue, 12 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Kimura Y, Morita T, Hayashi K, Miki T, Sobue K Myocardin is an important transcriptional regulator in smooth and cardiac muscle development. We noticed that the expression of myocardin was markedly downregulated in human uterine leiomyosarcoma cells. Restoration of myocardin expression induced the reexpression of smooth muscle marker proteins and the formation of well-developed actin fibers. A concomitant increase in the expression of a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p21, led to significantly reduced cell proliferation, via p21's inhibition of the G(1)-S transition. A p21 promoter-reporter assay showed that myocardin markedly increased p21's promoter activity. Furthermore, a serum response factor (SRF)-binding cis-element CArG box in the p21 promoter region was required fo...

Mary Kay Foundation Grant Application Announcement for Innovative/Translational Cancer Research

ScanGrants feed — Sun, 10 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Applications are accepted from November 1, 2009, through February 12, 2010Deadline For Receipt: Friday, February 12, 2010. Applications must be received no later than 5 p.m., CST. Faxes will not be accepted.Applications should be sent to:The Mary Kay FoundationP. O. Box 799044Dallas, TX 75379-9044(877) 652-2737Federal Express applications should be sent to:The Mary Kay Foundation16251 Dallas ParkwayAddison, TX 75001Innovative / Translational Cancer ResearchThe Mary Kay Foundation, a funding source for cancer research, is currently accepting applications for innovative grants for translational research in ovarian, uterine, breast, or cervical cancer.The program will offer at least eight grants. The awards will be up to $100,000 each (combined direct and indirect costs). The grant period is...

[Case Report] Cutaneous papules, uterine fibroids, and renal cell cancer: one family's tale

LANCET — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In May, 2007, a 35-year-old woman was referred to our dermatology unit with painful papules and nodules on the left side of her body. The lesions had developed on her left arm at the age of 14 years and subsequently appeared on her left leg, buttocks, and back. Pain at these sites was episodic and aggravated on exposure to cold. More recently, her lesions had progressed and become more painful. Medical history included a subtotal hysterectomy at age 25 years for menorrhagia from uterine leiomyomas. She had a 47-year-old female first cousin with a history of similar skin lesions on her legs since age 34 years, a total hysterectomy for uterine leiomyomas at 44 years, and a right mastectomy for breast cancer at 45 years. Her brother, at age 23 years, had a right total nephrectomy for renal ce...

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The global burden of cancer: priorities for prevention

Carcinogenesis — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:36:51 +0100

Despite decreases in the cancer death rates in high-resource countries, such as the USA, the number of cancer cases and deaths is projected to more than double worldwide over the next 20–40 years. Cancer is now the third leading cause of death, with >12 million new cases and 7.6 million cancer deaths estimated to have occurred globally in 2007 (1). By 2030, it is projected that there will be ~26 million new cancer cases and 17 million cancer deaths per year. The projected increase will be driven largely by growth and aging of populations and will be largest in low- and medium-resource countries. Under current trends, increased longevity in developing countries will nearly triple the number of people who survive to age 65 by 2050. This demographic shift is compounded by the entrenc...

Radio Frequency Energy Used To Shrink Fibroids And Reduce Symptoms In New Minimally Invasive Procedure

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 06 Jan 2010 10:00:00 +0100

Montefiore Medical Center recently became the only hospital on the East Coast to conduct the Radio Frequency Ablation procedure to shrink uterine fibroids in women 30 years and older. This minimally invasive procedure, initially used to treat liver cancer, uses a tiny needle that is inserted into the fibroid, applying low energy radio frequency electrical current, which creates localized tumor destruction by heat... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Socioeconomic inequalities in cancer incidence and mortality—a spatial analysis in Bremen, Germany

Journal of Public Health — Tue, 05 Jan 2010 17:00:34 +0100

Conclusions In spite of the methodical restrictions, our analyses suggest an association between social factors and cancer incidence and mortality. The results are in agreement with international studies. Many of the observed social class differences could probably be explained by known risk factors, such as smoking, alcohol consumption, diet and physical activity. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10389-009-0306-1Authors Andrea Eberle, University of Bremen Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine Linzer Str. 10 28359 Bremen GermanySabine Luttmann, University of Bremen Bremen Institute for Prevention Research and Social Medicine Linzer Str. 10 28359 Bremen GermanyRonja Foraita, University of Bremen Bremen Institute f...

Blood sugar and cancer risk

NHS News Feed — Mon, 04 Jan 2010 11:14:00 +0100

Conclusion This large prospective cohort study was well conducted. However, there are several facts that should be considered when interpreting the results. The study included previous smokers. Although the researchers say that smoking status had no effect on their findings, they also state that imprecise or incorrect categorisation of smoking status may have affected the results. The researchers highlight that the different protocols for measuring blood glucose levels may have affected the outcome. Information about the participants’ diet and lifestyle was not available, for example exercise levels, alcohol consumption or the many other genetic and medical risk factors that can also contribute to the risk of cancer. The 5 and 11% risk increases for men and women had only bor...

Ten million Britons at risk from cancer, reveals new research

Guardian Unlimited Science — Sun, 03 Jan 2010 00:06:00 +0100

This study looked at the link between high blood glucose levels such as those found in people with pre-diabetes and the relative risk of both getting cancer and dying from it. It is important, however, not to oversimplify the findings of this study. It would be wrong to conclude that high blood glucose levels alone are causing the increase in cancer cases and deaths. Nor can we say that, by controlling blood glucose levels alone, we could lower the risk of cancer. There are likely to be other factors at work, such as genetics, diet and levels of physical activity, which are all also linked to both cancer and blood glucose levels," said Frame.People could reduce their risk of developing either pre-diabetes or Type 2 diabetes by being more physically active and eating plenty of fruit and veg...

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Excess blood sugar raises cancer risk

Guardian Unlimited Science — Sun, 03 Jan 2010 00:06:00 +0100

Expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 IIIc in human uterine cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer.

International Journal of Oncology — Sat, 02 Jan 2010 08:49:03 +0100

In this study, we determined the expression and roles of FGFR2 IIIc in cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and cervical cancer. In CINs 1 and 2, FGFR2 IIIc was found to be localized at the basal to lower two-thirds of the squamous epithelium, whereas it was localized in most of the squamous epithelium, except for the superficial layer in CIN 3. In situ hybridization (ISH) analysis showed that the expression patterns of FGFR2 IIIc mRNA are similar to those of FGFR2 IIIc protein in CINs. The FGFR2 IIIc protein was detected in all invasive cervical cancer patients (29 cases) and its mRNA was found to be strongly expressed in the invasive front of cancer cell nests. FGFR2 IIIc cDNA was stably transfected into CaSki cells, which are derived from a cervical SCC. The growth rates of the CaSk...

Laparoscopic Nerve-Sparing Radical Trachelectomy: Surgical Technique and Outcome

The Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology — Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Laparoscopic nerve-sparring radical trachelectomy may be an alternative in fertility-preserving surgery for cervical cancer in centers in which specialization in radical vaginal surgery is lacking. The procedure enables preservation of autonomic innervation of the urinary bladder and the arterial supply of the uterus. (Source: The Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology)

Laparoscopic Pelvic Lymphadenectomy in a Patient with Cervical Cancer Stage Ib1 Complicated by a Twin Pregnancy

The Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology — Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Cervical cancer is the most frequently observed malignancy during pregnancy. The presence of nodal metastasis is the most important negative predictor factor, and its assessment is crucial in deciding whether the pregnancy can safely continue. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a twin pregnancy complicated by cancer of the uterine cervix that was sucessfully treated with laparoscopic pelvic lymphadenectomy and subsequently with neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A 35-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, with a dichorionic-diamniotic twin pregnancy underwent laparoscopic staging of the pelvic lymph nodes at 17 weeks of gestation. Cervical adenocarcinoma, grade 2, stage 1b1 with lymphovascular space invasion was diagnosed. Nineteen negative nodes were removed, and the patient was c...

NewsCap: Younger women with early-stage ovarian cancer can keep the healthy ovary and uterus

AJN — Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

No abstract available (Source: AJN)

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The prevalence of benign and malignant neoplasms in acromegalic patients.

Endokrynologia Polska — Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: From our retrospective study, we suggest an overall increase of tumour incidence in acromegalic patients. Prospective multicentre studies are required to resolve the significance of this observation. In our study group, the number of malignant neoplasms was significantly higher in patients with long-lasting uncontrolled disease (over 5 years), compared to patients with controlled disease. (Pol J Endocrinol 2010; 61 (1): 29-34). PMID: 20205101 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Endokrynologia Polska)

Comparison of Time Trends in Uterus Cancer and Cervix Uteri Cancer Mortality (1990-2006) in the World, from the WHO Mortality Database

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology — Thu, 31 Dec 2009 11:15:28 +0100

(Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology)

An Exploration of Shared Genetic Risk Factors Between Periodontal Disease and Cancers: A Prospective Co-Twin Study

American Journal of Epidemiology — Thu, 31 Dec 2009 08:43:13 +0100

Biologic mechanisms underlying associations of periodontal disease with cancers remain unknown. The authors propose that both conditions share common genetic risk factors. They analyzed associations between baseline periodontal disease, measured by questionnaire-recorded tooth mobility, and incident cancers, identified by linkage with national registries, between 1963 and 2004 in 15,333 Swedish twins. The authors used co-twin analyses to control for familial factors and undertook analyses restricted to monozygotic twins to further control for confounding by genetic factors. They observed 4,361 cancer cases over 548,913 person-years. After adjustment for covariates, baseline periodontal disease was associated with increased risk of several cancers ranging from 15% for total cancer (proporti...

Transcriptional regulation of pro-apoptotic Par-4 by NF-[kappa]B/p65 and its function in controlling cell kinetics during early events in endometrial tumourigenesis

The Journal of Pathology — Thu, 31 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Prostatic apoptosis response-4 (Par-4) was first identified in prostatic cancer cells that were induced to undergo apoptosis. Recently, Par-4 has been suggested to be a tumour suppressor gene that plays a role in the development of endometrial carcinomas (ECs), but the exact mechanism remains to be clarified. Here we examined gene activation signalling cascades and influence on cell kinetics during endometrial tumourigenesis. In normal endometrium, constitutively high levels of Par-4 expression were observed in epithelial cells through the menstrual cycle, in contrast to the transient up-regulation in stromal components in the menstrual stage, correlated positively with the phospho-p65 (pp65) status and apoptosis. In contrast, most ECs exhibited significant down-regulation as compared to n...

Phase II Study of Carboplatin, Paclitaxel, and Bevacizumab With Maintenance Bevacizumab As First-Line Chemotherapy for Advanced Mullerian Tumors [Gynecologic Cancer]

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Mon, 28 Dec 2009 23:31:54 +0100

Conclusion The regimen of carboplatin, paclitaxel, and bevacizumab with maintenance bevacizumab is feasible, safe, and worthy of future study in advanced ovarian cancer. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

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An Alternative Interpretation of, "A Lifetime Cancer Bioassay of Quinacrine Administered into the Uterine Horns of Female Rats"

Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP — Mon, 28 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: McConnell EE, Lippes J, Growe RG, Fail P, Luster MI, Zeiger E This companion article offers an alternative interpretation for the quinacrine-induced uterine tumors observed in a 2-year bioassay in rats (CaBio, Cancel et al., this issue), and provides additional data from two new experiments that support a different interpretation and analysis. Our major premise is that the design of the Cancel et al. bioassay was flawed, particularly regarding dose selection that allowed for misinterpretation of carcinogenic activity. We feel the totality of the information provided herein dictates that the doses (70/70, 70/250 and 70/350 mg/kg quinacrine) causing uterine tumors in their study clearly exceeded the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) typically administered in chronic cancer studies. O...

NewsCap: Younger women with early-stage ovarian cancer can keep the healthy ovary and uterus.

The American Journal of Nursing — Sat, 26 Dec 2009 11:23:05 +0100

Authors: PMID: 20032655 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Nursing)

BJOG Release: Study Finds Higher Incidence Of Gynaecological Cancers In Urban Areas

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 24 Dec 2009 08:00:00 +0100

New research to be published in BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology has found a higher incidence of gynaecological cancers (uterine, ovarian and cervical cancer) in urban areas of Egypt, as compared to rural areas. The incidence of uterine cancer among urban women was six times higher than that of rural women. The study suggests that women in urban areas may have a higher exposure to environmental xenoestrogens (industrially made compounds that have an oestrogenic activity), which may increase the risk of developing hormone-related cancers... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

BJOG Release: Study Finds Higher Incidence Of Gynaecological Cancers In Urban Areas

Cancer / Oncology News From Medical News Today — Thu, 24 Dec 2009 08:00:00 +0100

BJOG Release: Study Finds Higher Incidence Of Gynaecological Cancers In Urban Areas

Women's Health / OBGYN News From Medical News Today — Thu, 24 Dec 2009 08:00:00 +0100

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Lymph node dissection in the surgical management of atypical endometrial hyperplasia

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology — Mon, 21 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Lymph node dissection did not adversely affect surgical outcomes in patients with atypical endometrial hyperplasia. Because many of these patients have concurrent endometrial cancer, we recommend consideration of lymph node dissection in atypical endometrial hyperplasia patients undergoing definitive surgical treatment. (Source: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology)

Endometrial sampling diagnosis of FIGO grade 1 endometrial adenocarcinoma with a background of complex atypical hyperplasia and final hysterectomy pathology

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology — Mon, 21 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: An endometrial sampling diagnosis of FIGO grade 1 endometrial adenocarcinoma with a background of CAH is more likely to correlate with final posthysterectomy grade than a diagnosis not arising with a background of CAH. (Source: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology)

No evidence for a genetic modifier for renal cell cancer risk in HLRCC syndrome

Familial Cancer — Sat, 19 Dec 2009 16:45:57 +0100

Abstract Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) is a tumor predisposition syndrome caused by heterozygous germline mutations in the fumarate hydratase (FH) gene. Cutaneous and uterine leiomyomas are the most common clinical manifestations of HLRCC, whereas only approximately 20% of the families display renal cell cancer (RCC). The number of RCC cases in these families varies from one to five. Interestingly, families with multiple RCC cases are mainly found in Finland and the USA. Such aggregation of RCC in only some families and populations has led to the hypothesis that besides FH mutations also other inherited genetic and/or environmental factors may contribute to the malignant kidney tumor formation. To search for such a genetic modifier we have performe...

Clinical characteristics and outcomes of women with stage IV endometrial cancer

Medical Oncology — Sat, 19 Dec 2009 06:52:17 +0100

Abstract Treatment strategies for patients with stage IV endometrial cancer (EC) remain controversial. Some studies have suggested that optimal cytoreduction improves survival. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics and outcomes of 41 women with stage IV EC. The results of preoperative cytologic evaluation and biopsy of the endometrium were reviewed by a single pathologist for patients in whom stage IV EC was diagnosed preoperatively. Of the 41 patients with stage IV EC (median age, 62 years), 31 had surgical stage IV disease and 10 had clinical stage IV disease. Twenty-eight patients were diagnosed of stage IV EC before surgery or without surgery. Progression-free survival and overall survival were 10.4 and 21.3 months, respectively. On univari...

Methods of Cancer Diagnosis, Therapy, and Prognosis

Springer Biomedical Sciences titles — Sat, 19 Dec 2009 00:06:44 +0100

Ovarian Cancer, Renal Cancer, Urogenitary tract Cancer, Urinary Bladder Cancer, Cervical Uterine Cancer, Skin Cancer, Leukemia, Multiple Myeloma and Sarcoma series: Methods of Cancer Diagnosis, Therapy and Prognosis This sixth volume in the series Methods of Cancer Diagnosis, Therapy, and Prognosis discusses Ovarian Cancer, Renal Cancer, Urogenitary Cancer, Urinary Bladder Cancer, Cervical Uterine Cancer, Skin Cancer, Leukemia, Multiple Myeloma and Sarcoma. Both standard and emerging therapies for these cancers, written by expert oncologists/pathologists in this field, are included.This fully ... (Source: Springer Biomedical Sciences titles)

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Insular thyroid carcinoma in a patient with Cowden syndrome

The Laryngoscope — Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

We present a patient with clinically relevant manifestations of Cowden syndrome, with genetic verification, impacting by way of airway compromise due to hamartomas, urinary tract abnormalities, and insular thyroid cancer. This case illustrates the value of recognizing Cowden syndrome at an earlier stage when the patient could have received appropriate management to decrease the morbidity of untreated hamartomatous growths, and an elective thyroidectomy would have been a viable option to manage his malignancy. Through this case report, we provide further insight into management of this disorder. Laryngoscope, 2010 (Source: The Laryngoscope)

A taxonomy of epithelial human cancer and their metastases

BMC Medical Genomics — Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Our molecular taxonomy of epithelial human cancer indicates surprising correlations over tissues. This may have a significant impact on the classification of many cancer sites and may guide pathologists, both in research and daily practice. Moreover, these results based on unsupervised analysis yielded a signature predictive of clinical outcome in breast cancer. Additionally, we hypothesize that metastases from gastrointestinal origin either remember their tissue of origin or adapt to the tissue of destination. More specifically, colon metastases in the liver show strong evidence for such a bimodal tissue specific profile. (Source: BMC Medical Genomics)

HER2 codon 655 polymorphism is associated with advanced uterine cervical carcinoma.

Clinical Biochemistry — Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Our results indicate that the HER2 655Val variant may be associated with the incidence of advanced cervical cancer. PMID: 20026098 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Biochemistry)

A cell-free assay for the functional analysis of variants of the mismatch repair protein MLH1

Human Mutation — Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

The hereditary colon and endometrium cancer predisposition Lynch Syndrome (also called HNPCC) is caused by a germ-line mutation in one of the DNA mismatch repair (MMR) genes. A significant fraction of the gene alterations detected in suspected Lynch Syndrome patients is comprised of amino acid substitutions. The relevance for cancer risk of these variants is difficult to assess, as currently no time- and cost-effective, validated, and widely applicable functional assays for the measurement of MMR activity are available. Here we describe a rapid, cell-free, and easily quantifiable MMR activity assay for the diagnostic assessment of variants of the MLH1 MMR protein. This assay allows the parallel generation and functional analysis of a series of variants of the MLH1 protein in vitro using re...

Loss of let-7 binding sites resulting from truncations of the 3′ untranslated region of HMGA2 mRNA in uterine leiomyomas

Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 15:34:26 +0100

Abstract: A subset of uterine leiomyomas (UL) shows chromosomal rearrangements of the region 12q14∼q15, leading to an overexpression of the high-mobility group protein A2 gene (HMGA2). Recent studies identified microRNAs of the let-7 family as post-transcriptional regulators of HMGA2. Intragenic chromosomal breakpoints might cause truncated HMGA2 transcripts lacking part of the 3' UTR. The corresponding loss of let-7 complementary sites (LCS) located in the 3' UTR would therefore stabilize HMGA2 mRNA. The aim of this study was to check UL with rearrangements of the chromosomal region 12q14∼15 for truncated HMGA2 transcripts by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. In 8/13 leiomyomas with aberrations of chromosomal region 12q15, the results showed the presence of th...

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Temporal and Spatial Expression of Tumor-Associated Antigen RCAS1 in Pregnant Mouse Uterus

American Journal of Reproductive Immunology — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion The results of this study suggest the importance of day 7.5 p.c. for RCAS1 protein expression in connection with placentation as a possible target for future in vivo studies. (Source: American Journal of Reproductive Immunology)

Urban–rural differences of gynaecological malignancies in Egypt (1999–2002)

BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions The higher urban incidence of uterine cancer, coupled with our previous findings of higher incidence of breast cancer and estrogen receptor positive breast cancer in urban areas in this region, may be suggestive of possible higher exposure to environmental estrogenic compounds, such as xenoestrogens, in urban areas. (Source: BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology)

Gynaecological cancers more common in urban areas

OnMedica Latest News — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Study finds six times higher incidence of uterine cancer in urban areasRelated items from OnMedicaPolycystic ovarian syndromeWomen are taking risks for overseas fertility treatmentDoctors are missing symptoms of ovarian cancerFast treatment for auto-immune brain condition Alert on antibiotics during pregnancy issued (Source: OnMedica Latest News)

Urban-rural differences of gynaecological malignancies in Egypt (1999-2002).

BJOG : An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions The higher urban incidence of uterine cancer, coupled with our previous findings of higher incidence of breast cancer and estrogen receptor positive breast cancer in urban areas in this region, may be suggestive of possible higher exposure to environmental estrogenic compounds, such as xenoestrogens, in urban areas. PMID: 20015310 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: BJOG : An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology)

ERBB Receptor Feedback Inhibitor 1 Regulation of Estrogen Receptor Activity Is Critical for Uterine Implantation in Mice.

Biology of Reproduction — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Kim TH, Lee DK, Franco HL, Lydon JP, Jeong JW Normal endometrial function requires a balance of progesterone (P4) and estrogen (E2) effects. E2 acts to stimulate the proliferation of uterine epithelial cells while P4 action inhibits E2-mediated proliferation of the epithelium. P4 through its cognate receptor, the progesterone receptor (Pgr), has important roles in the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy. In previous studies, we have identified ERBB receptor feedback inhibitor 1 (Errfi1) as a downstream target of Pgr action in the uterus. Here we show that Errfi1 mRNA expression was significantly increased in the uterus after day 2.5 of gestation. Its expression is also induced in the uterus by acute E2 treatment and this induction is synergistically induced by chronic E...

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Gonadotropins, clomifene may carry risk of uterine cancer

Reactions — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 14:08:48 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Lack of functional and expression homology between human and mouse aldo-keto reductase 1C enzymes: implications for modelling human cancers

Molecular Cancer — Mon, 14 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: This study exposes significant lack of phylogenetic and functional homology between human and murine AKR1C enzymes. Therefore, we conclude that mice are not suitable to model the role of AKR1C in human cancers and leukemia. (Source: Molecular Cancer)

Claudia Cohen Research Foundation Annual Prize for Outstanding Gynecologic Cancer Researcher

ScanGrants feed — Mon, 14 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

This $50,000 annual prize will be awarded to an individual in recognition of his or her outstanding contributions to research improving the care of women with gynecologic cancer. The awardees will have made important contributions that improve gynecologic cancer patient care, including early detection. The award will be made to the individual rather than his/her institution. The prize is funded by the Claudia Cohen Research Foundation (CCRF) in honor of Claudia Cohen who lost her battle with uterine leiomyosarcoma in 2007. Ms. Cohen was a highly respected journalist and philanthropist. The Claudia Cohen Research Foundation was founded by Ms. Cohen’s daughter Samantha, and her sisters Caleigh and Debra Perelman to foster research aimed at reducing the burden of gy...

Interleukin-11 in Endometrial Adenocarcinoma Is Regulated by Prostaglandin F2{alpha}-F-Prostanoid Receptor Interaction via the Calcium-Calcineurin-Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells Pathway and Negatively Regulated by the Regulator of Calcineurin-1.

The American Journal of Pathology — Fri, 11 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

This study investigated the expression of IL-11 and role of prostaglandin F2alpha-F-prostanoid receptor (FP receptor) signaling in the modulation of IL-11 expression in endometrial adenocarcinoma cells. Localization of IL-11, IL-11Ralpha, and GP130 expression was performed by immunohistochemistry. IL-11 and regulator of calcineurin 1 isoform 4 (RCAN1-4) mRNA and protein expression were determined by real-time RT-PCR and/or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay/Western blot analysis using Ishikawa endometrial adenocarcinoma cells stably expressing the FP receptor (FPS cells) and endometrial adenocarcinoma explants. IL-11 mRNA expression was significantly elevated in endometrial adenocarcinoma samples compared with normal endometrium and increased with tumor grade. IL-11 protein expression local...

Endometrial Cancer Side-Population Cells Show Prominent Migration and Have a Potential to Differentiate into the Mesenchymal Cell Lineage.

The American Journal of Pathology — Fri, 11 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

In this study, we isolated and characterized the SP cells in human endometrial cancer cells and in rat endometrial cells expressing oncogenic human K-Ras protein. These SP cells showed i) reduction in the expression levels of differentiation markers; ii) long-term proliferative capacity of the cell cultures; iii) self-renewal capacity in vitro; iv) enhancement of migration, lamellipodia, and uropodia formation; and v) enhanced tumorigenicity. In nude mice, SP cells formed large, invasive tumors, which were composed of both tumor cells and stromal-like cells with enriched extracellular matrix. The expression levels of vimentin, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and collagen III were enhanced in SP tumors compared with the levels in non-SP tumors. In addition, analysis of microdissected samples and...

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Thyroid transcription factor 1 expression in ovarian carcinomas is an independent prognostic factor

Human Pathology — Fri, 11 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

We examined the incidence of thyroid transcription factor 1 expression in gynecologic tumors in Japanese patients, and we further evaluated the presence of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in thyroid transcription factor 1–positive gynecologic malignancies. A total of 186 patient samples collected at our hospitals between 1991 and 2006 were analyzed, and these specimens consisted of 83 ovarian carcinomas, 55 endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinomas of the uterus, 28 cervical adenocarcinomas of the uterus, and 20 leiomyosarcomas of the uterus. Thyroid transcription factor 1 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The presence of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations was investigated by polymerase chain reaction analyses. Thyroid transcription factor 1 was detected ...

Inhibin/activin-betaC and -betaE subunits in the Ishikawa human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics — Thu, 10 Dec 2009 15:16:38 +0100

Discussion Here, we show for the first time that the novel inhibin/activin-betaC and -betaE subunits are expressed in normal human endometrium and the estrogen receptor positive human endometrial carcinoma cell line Ishikawa using RT-PCR and immunohistochemical detection methods. Interestingly, the Ishikawa minus cell line (lacking estrogen receptor expression) demonstrated no to minimal expression of the betaC subunit as observed with immunofluorescence and RT-PCR, suggesting a possible hormone- dependency of this subunit in human endometrial cancer cells. Moreover, because the Ishikawa cell line minus is thought to be a more malignant endometrial cell line than its estrogen receptor positive counterpart, inhibin-betaC subunit might be substantially involved in the pathoge...

Hormone replacement after gynaecological cancer

Maturitas — Mon, 07 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Treatment of gynaecological cancer frequently results in the loss of ovarian function and menopausal symptoms. Symptoms of iatrogenic menopause are usually significantly more intense than those of natural menopause due to sudden onset of symptoms, younger age and its effects on common physical and psychological problems of cancer therapy like body image concerns and sexual dysfunction. The most effective treatment for menopausal symptoms is hormone replacement therapy (HRT). However, it is very controversial if HRT is safe in patients after a gynaecological malignancy. The main concerns are the potential stimulation of residual cancer and the induction of new hormone-dependent disease. However, the majority of the most common gynaecological malignancies like squamous cell carcino...

An Exploration of Shared Genetic Risk Factors Between Periodontal Disease and Cancers: A Prospective Co-Twin Study.

Am J Epidemiol — Sun, 06 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Arora M, Weuve J, Fall K, Pedersen NL, Mucci LA Biologic mechanisms underlying associations of periodontal disease with cancers remain unknown. The authors propose that both conditions share common genetic risk factors. They analyzed associations between baseline periodontal disease, measured by questionnaire-recorded tooth mobility, and incident cancers, identified by linkage with national registries, between 1963 and 2004 in 15,333 Swedish twins. The authors used co-twin analyses to control for familial factors and undertook analyses restricted to monozygotic twins to further control for confounding by genetic factors. They observed 4,361 cancer cases over 548,913 person-years. After adjustment for covariates, baseline periodontal disease was associated with increased risk o...

Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell carcinoma: very early diagnosis of renal cancer in a paediatric patient

Familial Cancer — Sat, 05 Dec 2009 08:59:31 +0100

This report serves to emphasize the need to improve guidelines for screening of at risk individuals, including the necessity for predictive genetic testing and early institution of tumour surveillance in childhood. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10689-009-9306-0Authors Ismail Alrashdi, St George’s Hospital Medical School Department of Medical Genetics Cranmer Terrace SW17 0RE London UKSamantha Levine, St George’s Healthcare Trust Department of Cellular Pathology London UKJoan Paterson, Addenbrooke’s Hospital Medical Genetics, Addenbrooke’s Treatment Centre Cambridge UKRohit Saxena, Mayday University Hospital Department of Paediatrics Croydon UKSoonie R. Patel, Mayday University Hospital Department of Paediatrics Croydon UKSarita Depani, Royal Marsden Hospital Paedi...

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Ovarian Cancer Op Doesn't Have To End Fertility

Fri, 04 Dec 2009 22:04:10 +0100

Most women diagnosed with ovarian cancer undergo a hysterectomy, with removal of the uterus and both ovaries. (Source: WBZ-TV - Breaking News, Weather and Sports for Boston, Worcester and New Hampshire)

Soy may lessen risk of endometrial, ovarian cancers

Reuters: Health — Fri, 04 Dec 2009 20:45:47 +0100

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Women who eat more soy-based foods than average may have less risk for certain cancers in the ovaries and the lining of the uterus, according to the combined findings of a few studies. (Source: Reuters: Health)

Soy May Lessen Risk of Endometrial, Ovarian Cancers

MedlinePlus Health News — Fri, 04 Dec 2009 20:45:47 +0100

Women who eat more soy-based foods than average may have less risk for certain cancers in the ovaries and the lining of the uterus, according to the combined findings of a few studies. Source: Reuters Health Related MedlinePlus Topics: Nutrition, Ovarian Cancer, Uterine Cancer (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

What Is Vaginal Cancer? What Causes Vaginal Cancer?

Cancer / Oncology News From Medical News Today — Thu, 03 Dec 2009 10:00:00 +0100

What Is Vaginal Cancer? What Causes Vaginal Cancer?

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 03 Dec 2009 10:00:00 +0100

Vaginal cancer is a rare type of cancer. It occurs in the vagina which is the muscular tube that connects the uterus with the outer genitals. Vaginal cancer most commonly occurs in the cells that line the surface of the vagina, which is sometimes called the birth canal. While several cancers can spread to the vagina from other places in the body, cancer that begins in the vagina (primary vaginal cancer) is rare. Vaginal cancer comprises only 2 to 3 percent of gynecologic cancers. Women with early-stage vaginal cancer have the best chance for a cure... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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In response to "Comparison of surgery or radiotherapy on complications and quality of life in patients with the stage IB and IIA uterine cervical cancer"

Gynecologic Oncology — Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Hsu WC, Chung NN, Chen YC PMID: 19962741 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gynecologic Oncology)

Abstract IA-6: Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the p53 pathway

Cancer Research — Wed, 02 Dec 2009 04:15:37 +0100

The p53 protein and the signal transduction pathway controlled by that protein responds to a wide variety of stress signals which can disrupt the fidelity of DNA replication and cell division. To prevent these errors or mutations the p53 pathway responds by initiating a process of cell cycle arrest, senescence or apoptosis which either permits repair of these errors or kills the clone of cells that contain these mutations. Central to this pathway are a series of proteins that respond to the stress signals and regulate the levels and activity of the p53 pathway. We have identified a number of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in those genes that regulate p53 activity and functions and these SNPs can play a role in the incidence of cancers in a population, the age of onset of cancers and...

Abstract C67: Hypoxia-inducible factor-2{alpha} regulates macrophage functions in both acute and tumor inflammation

Cancer Research — Wed, 02 Dec 2009 04:15:36 +0100

Hypoxia and inflammation in the tumor microenvironment profoundly influence carcinogenesis and tumor progression. In order to connect hypoxic signaling to inflammatory responses and their roles in oncogenesis, we investigated how one of the master regulators of hypoxic hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-2, adaptations, regulates macrophage functions in both acute inflammatory diseases and cancer (a disease involving various inflammatory components). Myeloid-specific deletion of HIF-2 results in defective expression of a panel of proinflammatory cytokines in macrophages responding to innate stimuli. Also, mice lacking myeloid HIF-2 are resistant to lipopolysaccharide-induced endotoxemia and display a marked inability to mount inflammation in response to several other acute irritants, revealing ...

Femur metastasis in carcinoma of the uterine cervix: a rare entity

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 20:57:21 +0100

Conclusion Bone metastasis is not so infrequent in patients with LACC. Because the prognosis of these patients is poor and most of them die within 1 year after the diagnosis of metastatic disease, the policy of treatment should be directed to maintain their quality of life. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Gynecologic OncologyDOI 10.1007/s00404-009-1307-6Authors Giacomo Corrado, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology L.go A. Gemelli, 1 86100 Campobasso ItalySalvatore Santaguida, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Oncology L.go A. Gemelli, 1 86100 Campobasso ItalyGianfranco Zannoni, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart Institute of Human Pathology Rome ItalyGiov...

The effect of cyclooxygenase-2 expression on tumor volume response in patients treated with radiotherapy for uterine cervical cancer.

J Korean Med Sci — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, the COX-2 expression status has no significant correlation with the tumor response. Further studies on the changes in COX-2 expression levels during RT may be helpful for determination of its role in the tumor response to treatment and patient prognosis. PMID: 19949677 [PubMed - in process] (Source: J Korean Med Sci)

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Chemosensitivity of uterine cervical cancer demonstrated by the histoculture drug response assay.

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lee SW, Kim YM, Kim MB, Kim DY, Kim JH, Nam JH, Kim YT Uterine cervical cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the female population worldwide. In vitro chemosensitivity test is important to find effective drugs in uterine cervical cancer that requires the established chemotherapeutic strategies. The purpose of this study is to investigate the chemosensitivity of uterine cervical cancer using the histoculture drug response assay (HDRA). Sixty-five fresh tumor tissues were obtained from patients with cervical cancer: 47 squamous cell carcinomas, 11 adenocarcinomas, and 7 adenosquamous cell carcinomas. The median age was 44 years (range, 25-74 years), and the median follow-up duration was 26.3 months (range, 1.6-52.7 months). The clinical stage by the International...

Robotic Assisted Rectal Cancer Surgery

Seminars in Colon and Rectal Surgery — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

The intended application of robotics in surgery was in the field of cardiac surgery. The addition of robot was thought to improve surgeon dexterity in a small field with the added advantage of a minimal invasive approach. Shortly thereafter, urologists recognized that this modality could be used in the deep pelvis and brought the robot to its current most widely used application, the robotic prostatectomy. In the subsequent years, the use of this technology for other “pelvic organs” such as the uterus, rectum, and bladder evolved. Similarly, during this time period, minimally invasive surgical techniques were being studied in colorectal surgery. The results of the Clinical Outcomes of Surgical Therapy trial in 2004 concluded that laparoscopic approaches to colon cancer could be perform...

Diagnostic approach for precancerous and early invasive cancerous lesions of the uterine cervix.

Collegium Antropologicum — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Grubisić G, Klarić P, Jokanović L, Soljacić Vranes H, Grbavac I, Bolanca I Invasive cervical cancer is second most common female cancer worldwide with about 493,000 new cases per year. About 273,000 women die from cervical cancer each year, 85% of which take place in developing countries. Cervical cancer has a slow progress, from pre-invasive cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) to invasive phases, meaning that the disease can be diagnosed while in the phase of pre-invasive lesion, and treated successfully thanks to the regular screening of asymptomatic women (the Pap smear). The authors review new possibilities of early detection of cervical cancer with emphasis on colposcopy. The role of colposcopy is discussed among possibilities of early diagnos...

Regional Differences in Prevalence of Anemia Found by Periodic Health Checkups at Workplaces.

Sangyo Eiseigaku Zasshi : Journal of Occupational Health — Fri, 27 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Shimomura T, Wakabayashi I Anemia-related blood examinations are included in examinations for periodic health checkups at workplaces designated by the Industrial Safety and Health Law in Japan. The aim of this study was to determine whether there were regional differences in the prevalence of anemia in workers and, if so, to investigate possible reasons for the differences. Relationships between prevalence of anemia found by periodic health checkups and some common factors related to anemia in each prefecture of Japan were investigated by ecological regression analysis using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient. There were regional differences in the prevalence of anemia in the prefectures of Japan (5.1-11.7%), and high prevalence was observed in prefectures in the northeas...

Cigarettes Damage More Than Lungs

About.com Colon Cancer — Fri, 27 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Most everyone understands that smoking cigarettes greatly increases the risk of lung cancer. Unfortunately, not nearly as many people understand the connection between smoking and risk of other cancers. Now we can definitively add colon and rectum (colorectal) cancers to the list of diseases caused by smoking. In one of the most comprehensive studies on this topic to date, researchers discovered that a long-term history of smoking increases risk of colorectal cancer by 30-50%. In particular, colorectal cancer risk was highest in those who did not quit smoking before age 40 or who smoked cigarettes for 40 or more years. If you smoke, quitting smoking is the single best thing you can do to improve your health and reduce your risk of cancer. Along with the new study showing that smoking signi...

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Quality Assurance in the Prospective Multi-institutional Trial on Definitive Radiotherapy Using High-dose-rate Intracavitary Brachytherapy for Uterine Cervical Cancer: The Individual Case Review

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology — Thu, 26 Nov 2009 16:16:47 +0100

Conclusions The present ICR demonstrated the favorable radiotherapy compliance with the JAROG0401/JROSG04-2 protocol. The QA process using ICRs can potentially be used to improve the quality of radiotherapy, including HDR-ICBT in the multi-institutional prospective studies for cervical cancer. (Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology)

Basal cell carcinoma arising on a chronic lymphedematous leg

The Journal of Dermatology — Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

We describe a case of an 82-year-old Japanese woman with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) on the leg with secondary chronic lymphedema due to treatment for uterine cancer. Sparse tumor nests with remarkable edema of the dermis in the nodule appeared to be influenced by the chronic lymphedema. However, it remains inconclusive whether or not the tumorigenesis of the BCC was associated with chronic lymphedema in this case. (Source: The Journal of Dermatology)

Use of fertility drugs and risk of uterine cancer

NeLM - Oncology — Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Source: Am J Epidemiol Area: News In contrast to the fairly large number of studies that have investigated the association between fertility drugs and ovarian cancer and breast cancer, only a few epidemiological studies have assessed the link with uterine cancer and findings from these studies have been conflicting. Therefore researchers established a cohort of 54,362 Danish women who attended infertility clinics during the period 1965-1998 to further assess the association between fertility drugs and risk of uterine cancer. A case-cohort study evaluated the effects of different types of fertility drugs on uterine cancer risk. The following findings were reported: . Through mid-2006, 83 uterine cancers were identified. . Ever use of any fertility...

Epithelial maturation and molecular biology of oral HPV

Infectious Agents and Cancer — Wed, 25 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is widespread and can cause latent infection in basal cells, with low HPV DNA copy-number insufficient for transmission of infection; can cause subclinical infection that is active but without clinical signs; or can cause clinical infection leading to benign, potentially malignant or malignant lesions. The HPV cycle is influenced by the stage of maturation of the infected keratinocytes, and the production of virions is restricted to the post-mitotic suprabasal epithelial cells where all the virus genes are expressed.Low-risk HPV genotypes are associated with the development of benign oral lesions, whereas high-risk HPV genotypes are implicated in the development of malignant epithelial neoplasms. The role of high-risk HPV as a causative agent in epithelial malign...

Fertility drugs may pose some uterine cancer risk

Reuters: Health — Tue, 24 Nov 2009 21:19:30 +0100

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Though the use of fertility drugs does not seem to generally increase uterine cancer risk, a Danish study identified small increases in risk from certain fertility drugs used for longer duration. (Source: Reuters: Health)

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Fertility Drugs May Pose Some Uterine Cancer Risk

MedlinePlus Health News — Tue, 24 Nov 2009 21:19:30 +0100

Though the use of fertility drugs does not seem to generally increase uterine cancer risk, a Danish study identified small increases in risk from certain fertility drugs used for longer duration. Source: Reuters Health Related MedlinePlus Topics: Hormones, Infertility, Uterine Cancer (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

Prognostic nomogram for overall survival in stage IIB-IVA cervical cancer patients treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology — Mon, 23 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: This nomogram is a predictive tool, upon external validation, that can be used to counsel patients in predicting outcomes. The discriminatory ability of the nomogram indicates that this population should not be considered homogeneous with respect to risk of death. (Source: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology)

Postmenopausal bleeding

Menopause International — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 00:53:47 +0100

(PMB) is a symptom of possible gynaecological malignancy. According to present guidelines, women presenting with this symptom should be referred urgently to a team specializing in the management of gynaecological cancer, and be seen within two weeks of referral. Examination and investigation of these women should be able to exclude malignancy, while being acceptable to the patient and cost-effective. The gold standard modality of investigation to visualize the uterine cavity is hysteroscopy, but transvaginal scanning is recommended as the first-line investigation to select those who need further diagnostic evaluation. Hysteroscopy should be performed in women with a thickened endometrium on scan and women with recurrent episodes of bleeding despite negative scan findings. There have been ...

Obesity and Cancer

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 14:15:55 +0100

Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2009; 117: 563-566DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1241870AbstractEpidemiological studies have suggested that obesity is associated with increased risk of several cancer types including colon, esophagus, breast (in postmenopausal women), endometrium, kidney, liver, gallbladder and pancreas. Suggested mechanisms include increased intake of potentially carcinogenic food ingredients along with excessive amount of calories, loss of cancer protective effects due to reduced physical activity, carcinogenic factors released from increased adipose tissue mass and “secondary” associations via “precursor” condition such as gallstones. The increased cancer risk in patients with obesity is a neglected topic which deserves more scientific attention. Because of its...

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome: diagnostic and therapeutic approach.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 04:12:44 +0100

Authors: Kopacova M, Tacheci I, Rejchrt S, Bures J Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is an inherited, autosomal dominant disorder distinguished by hamartomatous polyps in the gastrointestinal tract and pigmented mucocutaneous lesions. Prevalence of PJS is estimated from 1 in 8300 to 1 in 280,000 individuals. PJS predisposes sufferers to various malignancies (gastrointestinal, pancreatic, lung, breast, uterine, ovarian and testicular tumors). Bleeding, obstruction and intussusception are common complications in patients with PJS. Double balloon enteroscopy (DBE) allows examination and treatment of the small bowel. Polypectomy using DBE may obviate the need for repeated urgent operations and small bowel resection that leads to short bowel syndrome. Prophylaxis and polypectomy of the entire sm...

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Use of Fertility Drugs and Risk of Uterine Cancer: Results From a Large Danish Population-based Cohort Study

American Journal of Epidemiology — Wed, 18 Nov 2009 04:11:06 +0100

Some epidemiologic studies have indicated that uterine cancer risk may be increased after use of fertility drugs. To further assess this association, the authors used data from a large cohort of 54,362 women diagnosed with infertility who were referred to Danish fertility clinics between 1965 and 1998. In a case-cohort study, rate ratios and 95% confidence intervals were used to assess the effects of 4 groups of fertility drugs on overall risk of uterine cancer after adjustment for potentially confounding factors. Through mid-2006, 83 uterine cancers were identified. Ever use of any fertility drug was not associated with uterine cancer risk (rate ratio (RR) = 1.10, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.69, 1.76). However, ever use of gonadotropins (follicle-stimulating hormone and human menopaus...

Anesthetic management of a patient with hyperthyroidism due to hydatidiform mole

Journal of Anesthesia — Tue, 17 Nov 2009 23:59:15 +0100

We report here the perioperative management of hyperthyroidism due to hydatidiform mole. A 53-year-old woman underwent emergency surgery due to suspicion of hydatidiform mole. Tachycardiac atrial fibrillation was detected by electrocardiography at the preoperative examination. No abnormalities were found in blood count, coagulation, biochemical tests, chest radiographs, or respiratory function. General anesthesia with nitrous oxide, oxygen, and sevoflurane, combined with fentanyl and 1% mepivacaine, was administered intermittently from an epidural catheter. Intraoperative events included hypotension and tachycardia, although in general, tachycardia was prevented with antiarrhythmic agents and transfusion with a plasma expander and crystalloid fluid. Hyperthyroidism was highly suspec...

The endometrium--from estrogens alone to TSECs.

Climacteric — Sun, 15 Nov 2009 11:30:31 +0100

This article reviews publications dating back more than a century describing investigations of the endometrium, including those examining the relationship between endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma, the influence of estrogens on the endometrium, and strategies for protecting the endometrium from unopposed estrogen stimulation. Endometrial hyperplasia and carcinoma studies date from before 1900. The influence of endogenous estrogens on the endometrium became evident with observations of endometrial hyperplasia and/or carcinoma in women with estrogen-secreting tumors or polycystic ovarian disease. Later, observational studies and randomized, controlled trials suggested a relationship between unopposed estrogens and endometrial cancer and hyperplasia. The first, and to date only, effective...

Risk of gynecological cancers in users of estradiol/dydrogesterone or other HRT preparations.

Climacteric — Sun, 15 Nov 2009 11:30:20 +0100

CONCLUSION: This study provides evidence that the risk of developing gynecological cancers with E/D use of several months to a few years is similar to the risks of developing gynecological cancer without HRT or use of other HRT. PMID: 19905903 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Climacteric)