MedWorm: Chondrosarcoma

Primary malignant tumours of the bone

Surgery (Medicine Publishing) — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 14:21:38 +0100

Abstract: Primary bone tumours are rare, with approximately 400 new cases per year in the UK. The diagnosis of bone tumours are hampered by delays in presentation. Radiographic changes are often characteristic for each type of bone tumour and should alert the physician to investigate further. Investigations should include blood tests, local staging and systemic staging. MRI, CT of the chest and isotope bone scans are important in evaluating the tumour. The most common types of bone tumour are osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, spindle cell sarcoma of bone and chordoma. The important pathological features and treatment of each type of tumour are described in this article. Early contact to a supra-regional bone tumour unit is mandatory when a bone tumour is suspected, where a multi...

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Incorporation of exudates of human platelet-rich fibrin gel in biodegradable fibrin scaffolds for tissue engineering of cartilage.

Biomed Res — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Chien CS, Ho HO, Liang YC, Ko PH, Sheu MT, Chen CH Abstract The goal of this study was to assess the incorporation of exudates of human platelet-rich fibrin (hPRF) that is abundant in platelet cytokines and growth factors into biodegradable fibrin (FB) scaffolds as a regeneration matrix for promoting chondrocyte proliferation and re-differentiation. hPRF was obtained from human blood by centrifugation without an anticoagulant, and the exudate of hPRF was collected and mixed with bovine fibrinogen, and then thrombin was added to form the FB scaffold. Proliferation and differentiation of human primary chondrocytes and a human chondrosarcoma cell line, the SW-1353, embedded in the three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds and on the two-dimensional (2D) surface of the FB scaffolds so ...

Biological effects of the plant‐derived polyphenol resveratrol in human articular cartilage and chondrosarcoma cells

Journal of Cellular Physiology — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe natural phytoestrogen resveratrol (RSV) may have therapeutic potential for arthritic conditions. RSV is chondroprotective for articular cartilage in rabbit models for arthritis, but its biological effects on human articular cartilage and chondrosarcoma cells are unknown. Effects of RSV on human articular cartilage homeostasis were studied by assessing production of matrix‐degrading enzymes (MMP‐13, ADAMTS‐4, and ADAMTS‐5), as well as proteoglycan production and synthesis. The counteractions of RSV against catabolic factors (e.g., FGF‐2 or IL‐1β) were examined by in vitro and ex vivo using monolayer, three‐dimensional alginate beads and cartilage explants cultures, respectively. RSV improves cell viability of articular chondrocytes and effectively antagonizes car...

Sulfated chitooligosaccharide II (SCOS II) suppress collagen degradation in TNF-induced chondrosarcoma cells via NF-κB pathway.

Carbohydrate Research — Sun, 08 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

This study reports the effects of SCOSs with different molecular weights on the degradation of articular cartilage through unregulated collagenase expression. The results indicated that the SCOS II (3-5kDa) effectively inhibited the expressions of collagenases 1 and 3 and thereby prevented TNF-α induced degradation of collagen in human chondrosarcoma cells (SW-1353). Moreover, the signaling cascade responsible for this effect was found as SCOS II mediated suppression of NF-κB activation. Based on these data, it can be concluded that SCOS II prevented collagen degradation by inhibiting collagenases 1 and 3 via suppressing TNF-α induced NF-κB signaling. We suggest that SCOS II can be further studied as a potential candidate for the treatment of arthritis. PMID: 22264629 [PubMed - as ...

Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma: clinicopathologic study of 20 cases.

Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions.-Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma presents multiple challenges. Diagnostic pitfalls include inadequate biopsy samples, which may result in sample error. Sox9 has been proposed as a unique marker for mesenchymal chondrosarcoma which may improve diagnostic specificity. Treatment and prognosis vary considerably. Patients who receive surgery and chemotherapy seem to fare better. Multicenter studies with higher sample numbers may improve our understanding of this malignancy. PMID: 22208489 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine)

The treatment of locally recurrent chondrosarcoma: Is extensive further surgery justified?

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Streitbuerger A, Ahrens H, Gosheger G, Henrichs M, Balke M, Dieckmann R, Hardes J Abstract The aim of this study was to define the treatment criteria for patients with recurrent chondrosarcoma. We reviewed the data of 77 patients to examine the influence of factors such as the intention of treatment (curative/palliative), extent of surgery, resection margins, status of disease at the time of local recurrence and the grade of the tumour. A total of 70 patients underwent surgery for recurrent chondrosarcoma. In seven patients surgery was not a viable option. Metastatic disease occurred in 41 patients, appearing synchronously with the local recurrence in 56% of cases. For patients without metastasis at the time of local recurrence, the overall survival at a mean follow-up af...

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CCL2 increases MMP-9 expression and cell motility in human chondrosarcoma cells via the Ras/Raf/MEK/ERK/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Biochemical Pharmacology — Sat, 31 Dec 2011 01:47:53 +0100

Authors: Tang CH, Tsai CC Abstract Chondrosarcoma is a type of highly malignant tumor with a potent capacity to invade locally and cause distant metastasis. Chondrosarcoma shows a predilection for metastasis to the lungs. Chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2), also known as monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), belongs to the CC chemokine family that is associated with the disease status and outcomes of cancers. However, the effect of CCL2 on migration activity in human chondrosarcoma cells is mostly unknown. Here we found that CCL2 increased the migration and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in human chondrosarcoma cells. CCL2-mediated migration and MMP-9 up-regulation were attenuated by CCR2, Ras, Raf-1, and MEK inhibitor. Activation of the Ras, Raf-1, MEK, ERK, and NF-κ...

Composite biological reconstruction following total calcanectomy of primary calcaneal tumors

Journal of Surgical Oncology — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsVascularized fibular flaps in combination with massive allografts provide an excellent option for biological reconstruction after total calcanectomy in tumor situation and have proven to be a successful limb salvage procedure, which result in earlier patient recovery and return of function.Level of EvidenceTherapeutic Level IV. J. Surg. Oncol © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Surgical Oncology)

Ectopic pituitary adenoma of the clivus presenting with apoplexy: case report and review of the literature.

Clinical Neuropathology — Mon, 26 Dec 2011 11:31:06 +0100

We report a 78-year-old male with known prostate carcinoma admitted with acute onset of blurred vision, suggestive of apoplexy. Work-up revealed unilateral cranial nerve VI palsy and neuroimaging showed a mass confined to the clivus; sellar region was normal. Preoperative considerations included chordoma, chondrosarcoma, or metastatic prostate carcinoma to bone. Resection was via endoscopic transsphenoidal approach to the clivus. An ectopic null cell pituitary adenoma with bland infarction was identified as the cause of the patient's clinical apoplexy. No antecedent precipitating factors for apoplexy were present; specifically the patient had not received leuprolide preoperatively, a known precipitant of pituitary apoplexy in prostate cancer patients who receive drug. We review the literat...

Macrophage migration inhibitory factor increases cell motility and up‐regulates αvβ3 integrin in human chondrosarcoma cells

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry — Sat, 17 Dec 2011 06:49:57 +0100

AbstractThe macrophage migration‐inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pro‐inflammatory cytokine first known for its effect on macrophage migration and activation. Recent studies have shown that MIP plays a critical role in tumor growth, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Chondrosarcoma is a type of highly malignant tumor with a potent capacity to invade locally and cause distant metastasis. However, the effects of MIF on human chondrosarcoma cells are largely unknown. In the present study, MIF was found to increase the migration and the expression of αvβ3 integrin in human chondrosarcoma cells. The phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K), Akt, and NF‐κB pathways were activated by MIF treatment, and the MIF‐induced expression of integrin and migration activity were inhibited by the specific in...

The contrasting age‐incidence patterns of bone tumours in teenagers and young adults: Implications for aetiology

International Journal of Cancer — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractBone tumours comprise 0.2% of cancers overall but 5.7% in 15–24 year‐olds. To explore the relationship with adolescence we have analysed age‐incidence patterns of bone tumours in a large national dataset. Data on incident cases of bone tumours in 0–84 year‐olds in England, 1979‐2003, were extracted from national cancer registration data. Incidence rates per million person‐years by; 5‐year age‐group, sex, morphology and primary site were calculated and adjusted to the world standard population. 9146 cases were identified giving an overall age‐standardized rate of 7.19 per million person‐years. The distribution by morphology was: osteosarcoma, 34.2%; chondrosarcoma, 27.2%; Ewing sarcoma, 19.3%; other, 19.4%. The distribution varied by age. Ewing sarcoma was most...

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D469del-COMP Retention in Chondrocytes Stimulates Caspase-Independent Necroptosis.

The American Journal of Pathology — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Coustry F, Posey KL, Liu P, Alcorn JL, Hecht JT Abstract Mutations in the cartilage oligomeric matrix protein gene (COMP; previously PSACH) cause pseudoachondroplasia. This dysplasia results from the intracellular retention of mutant COMP protein and premature death of growth-plate chondrocytes. Toward better understanding of these underlying mechanisms, we examined D469del-COMP activation of the unfolded protein response and cell death pathways in rat chondrosarcoma cells. Using an inducible expression system, we examined the effects of D469del-COMP retention after 4 days of mRNA expression and then 5 days without inducing agent. Retention of D469del-COMP stimulated Chop (Ddit3) and Gadd34 (Ppp1r15a) and triggered reactivation of protein translation that exacerbated intra...

Incidence, Predictive Factors, and Prognosis of Chondrosarcoma in Patients with Ollier Disease and Maffucci Syndrome: An International Multicenter Study of 161 Patients.

The Oncologist — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions. Overall incidence of development of chondrosarcoma is 40%, but may, due to age-dependency, increase when considered as a lifelong risk. Patients with enchondromas located in long bones or axial skeleton, especially the pelvis, have a seriously increased risk of developing chondrosarcoma, and are identified as the population that needs regular screening on early detection of malignant transformation. PMID: 22147000 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The Oncologist)

[Primary malignant bone tumors].

Der Orthopade — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: von Eisenhart-Rothe R, Toepfer A, Salzmann M, Schauwecker J, Gollwitzer H, Rechl H Abstract Among human neoplasms, primary malignant bone tumors are fairly rare. They present an incidence rate of roughly 10 cases per 1 million inhabitants per year. During childhood (<15 years), the percentage of malignant bone tumors amounts to 6% of all infantile malignancies. Only leukemia and lymphoma show a higher incidence in adolescence. Of all primary malignant bone tumors, 60% affect patients younger than 45 years and the peak incidence of all bone tumors occurs between 15 and 19 years. The most common primary malignant bone tumors are osteosarcoma (35%), chondrosarcoma (25%), and Ewing's sarcoma (16%). Less frequently (≤ 5%) occurring tumors are chordoma, malignant fibro...

Similar cytogenetic findings in two synchronous secondary peripheral chondrosarcomas in a patient with multiple osteochondromas

Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

We describe the genetic examination of three secondary peripheral chondrosarcomas that had arisen synchronously from osteochondromas in a patient with MO by chromosome banding, high resolution chromosomal comparative genomic hybridization, and mutation analysis of the EXT1 and EXT2 genes. In two of the tumors (the third was not genetically informative), very similar chromosome abnormalities were found, indicating that they must somehow be part of the same neoplastic process in spite of being anatomically distinct. (Source: Cancer Genetics and Cytogenetics)

Laryngeal Chondroma: A Rare Diagnosis in This Localization

Clinical and Developmental Immunology — Wed, 30 Nov 2011 23:54:38 +0100

Primary chondroid tumors of the larynx represent less than 1% of all laryngeal tumors. Most of them are chondromas and they often involve to the cricoid cartilage. A 31-year-old male patient applied to the oto-laryngology service with a history of dysphonia and dyspnea. Microlaryngoscopy revealed 2 cm sized, ill-defined, covered with regular mucosa, porous, and hard mass on posterior surface of crycoid cartilage in subglottic area. Following the excision of the lesion, histopathologic examination revealed as chondroma. Two years later, local recurrence was detected and the diagnosis was again chondroma. There was no complaint of the patient in last 3 and half years of follow-up. Chondroma should carefully be differentiated from chondrosarcoma and the patients should be followed...

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Peripheral chondrosarcoma progression is associated with increased type X collagen and vascularisation

Virchows Archiv — Thu, 24 Nov 2011 17:52:50 +0100

In this study, two critical steps of endochondral bone formation, the deposition of collagen X-rich matrix and blood vessel attraction/invasion, were investigated by immunohistochemistry. Fourteen multiple osteochondromas and six secondary peripheral chondrosarcomas occurring in patients with multiple osteochondromas were studied and compared to epiphyseal growth plate samples. Mutation analysis showed all studied patients (expect one) to harbour a germ-line mutations in either EXT1 or EXT2. Here, we described that homozygous mutations in EXT1/EXT2, which are causative for osteochondroma formation, are likely to affect terminal chondrocyte differentiation and vascularisation in the osteocartilaginous interface. Contrastingly, terminal chondrocyte differentiation and vascularisation se...

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) and bone tumor which mimic malignant neoplasm

Bone — Tue, 22 Nov 2011 16:58:00 +0100

OI type V is characterized by fragile bones and also calcification of interosseous membrane between radius and ulna, dense radiolucent band adjacent to growth cartilage and hypertrophic calluses in fracture sites. We refer a 27-year-old patient with OI type V who presented multiple fractures during childhood and adolescence which got better with bisphosphonates, calcium and vitamin D treatment. A tumor could be observed in his left elbow, which disappeared during the adolescent period. The patient uses a wheel chair, has short stature 1.40m, multiple deformations and white sclerotics. A 10-cm diameter tumor was found in sole region of the left foot. The bone and mineral metabolism was normal. A low bone mass was seen at the total body BMD (Z: –2.3). The X-ray showed bilateral cubito-radi...

Free fibular graft reconstruction following resection of chondrosarcoma in the first metacarpal.

Hand Surgery — Tue, 22 Nov 2011 02:06:03 +0100

We report excellent functional outcome with this procedure. PMID: 22072475 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Hand Surgery)

Malignant transformation of an enchondroma of the hand: a case report.

Hand Surgery — Tue, 22 Nov 2011 02:06:03 +0100

Authors: Ozcanli H, Alimoglu E, Aydin AT Abstract Secondary chondrosarcomas according to malignant transformations of the solitary enchondromas were extremely rare in the hand. The aim of this study is to present a case of a 43-year-old male having rare malignant transformation of the solitary enchondroma treated with total excision and replacement with iliac bone graft. PMID: 21548161 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Hand Surgery)

Tumours of the atlas and axis: a 37-year experience with diagnosis and management

La Radiologia Medica — Fri, 18 Nov 2011 06:53:23 +0100

Conclusions Bone tumours of the cervical spine are rare. However, they should be kept in mind when examining patients with neck pain or neurological symptoms at the extremities. In most cases, only intralesional surgery can be administered. Combined radiation therapy and chemotherapy is indicated for certain tumour histologies. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Musculoskeletal Radiology / Radiologia Muscolo-ScheletricaPages 1-20DOI 10.1007/s11547-011-0753-yAuthors A. F. Mavrogenis, Orthopaedic Oncology Service, Department of Orthopaedics, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, University of Bologna, Via Di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, ItalyG. Guerra, Orthopaedic Oncology Service, Department of Orthopaedics, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, University of Bologna, Via Di Barbia...

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AIRP Best Cases in Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation: Synovial Chondrosarcoma [Musculoskeletal Imaging]

Radiographics recent issues — Mon, 14 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Radiographics recent issues)

IDH1 mutations are not found in cartilaginous tumours other than central and periosteal chondrosarcomas and enchondromas

Histopathology — Thu, 10 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Histopathology)

Survival and prognostic factors in chondrosarcoma.

Acta Orthopaedica — Wed, 09 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

We examined a homogeneous group of patients with primary central chondrosarcoma of bone who were treated according to a uniform surgical protocol at our institution, in order to determine the factors that influence survival and identify potential improvements to our therapeutic algorithm. Patients and methods We performed a retrospective analysis of 115 patients with primary central chondrosarcoma of bone who presented with localized disease and who had a minimum follow-up of 5 years after diagnosis. 68 tumors were localized in the extremities and 47 in the axial skeleton or pelvis. 59 patients had a high-grade (II and III) and 56 a low-grade (I) tumor. 94 patients underwent surgical resection with adequate (wide or radical) margins, while 21 patients had inadequate (marginal or intralesi...

Somatic mosaic IDH1 and IDH2 mutations are associated with enchondroma and spindle cell hemangioma in Ollier disease and Maffucci syndrome

Nature Genetics — Sun, 06 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We report somatic heterozygous mutations in IDH1 (c.394C>T encoding an R132C substitution and c.395G>A encoding an R132H substitution) or IDH2 (c.516G>C encoding R172S) in 87% of enchondromas (benign cartilage tumors) and in 70% of spindle cell hemangiomas (benign vascular lesions). In total, 35 of 43 (81%) subjects with Ollier disease and 10 of 13 (77%) with Maffucci syndrome carried IDH1 (98%) or IDH2 (2%) mutations in their tumors. Fourteen of 16 subjects had identical mutations in separate lesions. Immunohistochemistry to detect mutant IDH1 R132H protein suggested intraneoplastic and somatic mosaicism. IDH1 mutations in cartilage tumors were associated with hypermethylation and downregulated expression of several genes. Mutations were also found in 40% of solitary central cart...

Chondrosarcoma of the femur with histology-imaging correlation of tumor growth - preliminary observations concerning periosteal new bone formation and soft tissue extension.

Bulletin of the NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases — Thu, 03 Nov 2011 21:35:02 +0100

Conclusion: PNBF is a common imaging manifestation of CHS of the femur, which correlated with the degree of cortical destruction. A grey line between the cortex and periosteum is an MRI finding described in this study and may facilitate the evaluation of periosteal thickening and tumor invasion in CHS. PNBF often occurs in the absence of direct periosteal involvement. Periosteal imaging abnormalities suggestive of tumor infltration should be interpreted with caution on MRI, and early soft tissue extension in CHS may be difficult to determine on MRI. PMID: 22035395 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Bulletin of the NYU Hospital for Joint Diseases)

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Metastatic chondrosarcoma – current aspects of a rare event in dermatopathology

Journal of Cutaneous Pathology — Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

(Source: Journal of Cutaneous Pathology)

Rose hip and its constituent galactolipids confer cartilage protection by modulating cytokine, and chemokine expression

BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine — Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: RHP and GLGPG attenuate inflammatory responses in different cellular systems (macrophages, PBLs and chondrocytes). The effects on cytokine production and MMP expression indicate that RHP and its constituent GLGPG down-regulate catabolic processes associated with osteoarthritis (OA) or rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These data provide a molecular and biochemical basis for cartilage protection provided by RHP. (Source: BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine)

Primary intraosseous myoepithelioma arising in the iliac bone and displaying trisomies of 11, 15, 17 with del (16q) and del (22q11)-A rare case report with review of literature.

Pathology, Research and Practice — Wed, 02 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Rekhi B, Amare P, Gulia A, Baisane C, Patil A, Agarwal S, Puri A, Jambhekar NA Abstract Mixed tumors are uncommonly observed in the musculoskeletal system, where they form a common spectrum with a myoepithelioma and a parachordoma. Herein, we present a rare case of a mixed tumor/myoepithelioma arising in the iliac bone of a young adult male who presented with swelling in his right hip. Radiological imaging disclosed a large, intraosseous, lytic, heterogenous mass with a soft tissue component. Biopsy and subsequent tumor resection showed an 18cm sized tumor involving the iliac bone and soft tissues and comprising polygonal and spindly cells, arranged in cords and aggregates, embedded in a myxohyaline stroma with osteochondroid differentiation. Tumor cells exhibited mild nuc...

p63 Immunohistochemical Staining Is Limited in Soft Tissue Tumors.

American Journal of Clinical Pathology — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Jo VY, Fletcher CD Abstract p63 is a p53 homolog that is expressed in various normal epithelial tissues and epithelial malignancies. Its expression in mesenchymal lesions has not been examined in depth; therefore, we studied p63 expression by immunohistochemical analysis in 650 soft tissue tumors. We found that p63 expression is limited in soft tissue tumors. The majority of tumors studied were p63-, including all cases of angiosarcoma, lipomatous neoplasms, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, solitary fibrous tumor, schwannoma, neurofibroma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, and leiomyosarcoma. Nuclear p63 reactivity was found in a subset of soft tissue myoepithelioma and myoepithelial carcinoma of soft tissue, cellular neurothekeoma, soft tissue perineurioma, Ewing sarcoma/pe...

Enchondroma of the skull base secondary to generalized enchondromatosis: A case report and review of the literature.

Ear, Nose and Throat Journal — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We present the case of a patient with generalized enchondromatosis who developed a large enchondroma of the clivus, and we discuss the clinical presentation and potential treatments for this entity. PMID: 22109922 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Ear, Nose and Throat Journal)

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Primary Cardiac Chondrosarcoma

Journal of Cardiac Surgery — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In this report, we describe a case of primary chondrosarcoma of the left atrium. The management of these rare tumors is the subject of this report.(J Card Surg 2012;**:1‐3) (Source: Journal of Cardiac Surgery)

Identification of a novel, recurrent HEY1‐NCOA2 fusion in mesenchymal chondrosarcoma based on a genome‐wide screen of exon‐level expression data

Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer — Thu, 27 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractCancer gene fusions that encode a chimeric protein are often characterized by an intragenic discontinuity in the RNA\expression levels of the exons that are 5′ or 3′ to the fusion point in one or both of the fusion partners due to differences in the levels of activation of their respective promoters. Based on this, we developed an unbiased, genome‐wide bioinformatic screen for gene fusions using Affymetrix Exon array expression data. Using a training set of 46 samples with different known gene fusions, we developed a data analysis pipeline, the “Fusion Score (FS) model”, to score and rank genes for intragenic changes in expression. In a separate discovery set of 41 tumor samples with possible unknown gene fusions, the FS model generated a list of 552 candidate genes. The ...

Morphologic Heterogeneity in Carcinosarcoma of the Gallbladder: Report of a Rare Cases

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience — Mon, 24 Oct 2011 22:02:00 +0100

We report a rare case of carcinosarcoma of the gallbladder in an 83-year-old male, with the carcinomatous component represented by undifferentiated carcinoma (spindle and giant cell type with osteoclastic giant cells) and the mesenchymal component seen as foci of chondrosarcoma. (Source: Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience)

Total cricoidectomy in the treatment of laryngeal chondrosarcomas

The Laryngoscope — Sat, 22 Oct 2011 08:46:25 +0100

Conclusions:Total cricoidectomy with thyrotracheopexy may avoid the need for total laryngectomy in low‐grade chondrosarcomas of the cricoid cartilage. Laryngoscope, 121:2375–2380, 2011 (Source: The Laryngoscope)

Radiological diagnosis of enchondroma protuberans of the humerus.

Radiologia — Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Calbo Maiques J, Garramone Ramírez JE, Humanes López L, Navarro Navarro M Abstract Enchondroma protuberans (EP) is an uncommon exophytic cartilaginous tumor described as an intramedullary osseous lesion that protrudes through a cortical defect in one of the sides of the affected bone and expands to the adjacent soft tissues. Due to its peculiar features on imaging studies, the main differential diagnosis is with osteochondroma, chondrosarcoma, and periosteal chondral tumors. In this article, we describe the imaging findings in two patients with EP in the humerus. We review the literature and discuss the imaging features that can enable a definitive diagnosis. The identification of the connection between the two components of the lesion through a cortical defect is a key ...

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[Ankle joint prosthesis for bone defects.]

Der Orthopade — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lampert C Abstract Large defects of the talus, i.e. due to tumors, large areas of osteolysis in total ankle replacement (TAR) and posttraumatic talus body necrosis are difficult to manage. The gold standard in these circumstances is still tibiocalcaneal arthrodesis with all the negative aspects of a completely rigid hindfoot. We started 10 years ago to replace the talus by a custom-made, all cobalt-chrome implant (laser sintering). The first patient with a giant cell tumor did very well but the following patients showed all subsidence of the metal talus into the tibia due to missing bony edges. Therefore, we constructed a custom-made talus (mirrored from the healthy side) and combined it with a well functioning total ankle prosthesis (Hintegra). So far we have implanted t...

Anterior thigh flap extended hemipelvectomy and spinoiliac arthrodesis

Surgical Oncology — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 00:45:02 +0100

We present the technique of anterior thigh flap extended external hemipelvectomy with spinoiliac arthrodesis in treatment of the patient with recurrent low-grade pelvic chondrosarcoma extending to the lower lumbar spine. Extended hemipelvectomy involves skeletal resection beyond the standard hemipelvectomy that is the SI joint by removal of contiguous musculoskeletal structures, such as elements of the sacral and lumbar spine or contralateral pelvic bone, in addition to the affected innominate bone. Spinoiliac arthrodesis reestablishes spinopelvic stability; the anterior thigh musculocutaneous flap provides reliable well-vascularized soft tissue coverage. This technique may serve an important role in the surgical management of patients with low-grade pelvic malignancies.Highlights: ►We p...

Extremely rare synovial chondrosarcoma arising from the elbow joint: case report and review of the literature

Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery — Mon, 10 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Primary synovial chondromatosis is benign disease of the mucosal membrane in the joint. This disease often affects the knee joint but rarely the elbow joint. Chondrosarcoma, however, is a common malignant bone tumor that usually arises from cartilaginous tissue but which can also arise de novo in extraskeletal tissues. Synovial chondrosarcoma arising from chondromatosis is one of the rarest types of chondrosarcoma. To our knowledge, only 31 patients with a malignant transformation of synovial chondromatosis have been reported (). (Source: Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery)

Reduced expression of von hippel-lindau protein correlates with decreased apoptosis and high chondrosarcoma grade.

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American volume — Wed, 05 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Reduced pVHL expression was associated with decreased apoptosis and increasing chondrosarcoma grade, but the relationship between these findings and chondrosarcoma pathogenesis requires further study. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Restored VHL expression could be a potential targeted therapy to treat chondrosarcoma. PMID: 22005870 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American volume)

Imaging of Thoracic Sarcomas of the Chest Wall, Pleura, and Lung

Seminars in Ultrasound CT and MRI — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Primary sarcomas of the thorax are uncommon. The purpose of this review is to describe the radiologic findings of sarcomas affecting the thorax, in particular the chest wall, pleura, and lungs. Most primary sarcomas affecting the thorax arise in the chest wall, and the most common sarcomas of the chest wall are chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, Ewing's sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor, malignant fibrous histiocytoma, and fibrosarcoma. Primary pleural and pulmonary sarcomas are rare. Although histologic analysis is almost always required for accurate diagnosis, imaging is important for staging of these tumors, and several of these tumors have distinctive radiologic features, allowing the radiologist to narrow the differential diagnosis. (Source: Seminars in Ultrasound CT and MRI)

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Imaging of Sarcomas of Pelvic Bones

Seminars in Ultrasound CT and MRI — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Sarcomas are the most common nonhematologic primary malignancies of bones in the pelvis. Chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and Ewing's sarcoma are the most common sarcomas to originate from the pelvic bones. Various imaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging and computed tomography play an important role in the detection, characterization, and staging of these lesions. Biopsy, usually performed with imaging guidance, is essential for the histologic diagnosis of these tumors and for planning therapeutic options. Despite considerable advances in treatment options, sarcomas in the pelvic bones generally are associated with poorer outcomes than sarcomas in the appendicular skeleton because of the larger size of the lesions at the time of discovery and the difficulty of obtaining a wide ...

Prospective assessment of patient morbidity from prone sacral positioning.

Journal of Neurosurgery.Spine — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions A positioning protocol using head suspension on an open radiolucent frame facilitates oncological sacral surgery with reasonable patient morbidity. Morbid obesity and procedure times in excess of 10 hours are risk factors for positioning-related complications. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of surgical positioning morbidity in this patient population. PMID: 21962033 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Neurosurgery.Spine)

Endothelin‐1 promotes MMP‐13 production and migration in human chondrosarcoma cells through FAK/PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathways

Journal of Cellular Physiology — Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractTumor malignancy is associated with several cellular properties including proliferation and ability to metastasize. Endothelin‐1 (ET‐1) the most potent vasoconstrictor plays a crucial role in migration and metastasis of human cancer cells. We found that treatment of human chondrosarcoma (JJ012 cells) with ET‐1 increased migration and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐13. ET‐1‐mediated cell migration and MMP‐13 expression were reduced by pretreatment with inhibitors of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K), Akt, and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), as well as the NF‐κB inhibitor and the IκB protease inhibitor. In addition, ET‐1 treatment induced phosphorylation of FAK, PI3K, AKT, and mTOR, and resulted in increased ...

Epiphyseal growth plate and secondary peripheral chondrosarcoma: the neighbours matter

The Journal of Pathology — Wed, 28 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractChondrocytes interact with their neighbours through their cartilaginous extracellular matrix. Chondrocyte‐matrix interactions compensate the lack of cell‐cell contact and are modulated by proteoglycans and other molecules. The epiphyseal growth plate is a highly organized tissue responsible for long bone elongation. The growth plate is regulated by gradients of morphogens that are established by proteoglycans. Morphogens diffuse across the extracellular matrix creating short and long range signalling that lead to the formation of a polarized tissue. Mutations affecting genes that modulate cell‐matrix interactions are linked to several human disorders. Homozygous mutations of EXT1/EXT2 result in reduced synthesis and shortened heparan sulphate chains on both cell surface and m...

CCAAT‐enhancer‐binding protein beta activation of MMP‐1 gene expression in SW1353 Cells: Independent roles of extracellular signal‐regulated and p90/ribosomal S6 kinases

Journal of Cellular Physiology — Sat, 24 Sep 2011 02:10:22 +0100

AbstractCCAAT‐enhancer‐binding protein beta (CEBPB) is a pluripotent transcription factor that controls inflammation, proliferation, and differentiation. We recently reported a role for CEBPB during matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) gene expression, but the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. To address this we interrogated CEBPB‐dependent MMP‐1 and MMP‐13 gene activation in the SW1353 chondrosarcoma cell line, a well‐established model of MMP gene regulation in mesenchymal cells. IL‐1B treatment increased CEBPB expression in SW1353 cells over a 24‐h period and knockdown of CEBPB with shRNA abrogated IL‐1B‐dependent MMP‐1 and MMP‐13 gene activation. Exogenous expression of the CEBPB isoforms LAP1 or LAP2 was sufficient to induce MMP‐1 mRNA levels comparable to ...

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CCN3 increases cell motility and MMP‐13 expression in human chondrosarcoma through integrin‐dependent pathway

Journal of Cellular Physiology — Sat, 24 Sep 2011 02:09:58 +0100

AbstractChondrosarcoma is a type of highly malignant tumor with a potent capacity to invade locally and cause distant metastasis. Chondrosarcoma shows a predilection for metastasis to the lungs. CCN3, also called nephroblastoma overexpressed gene (NOV), regulates proliferation and differentiation of cancer cells. However, the effect of CCN3 on migration activity in human chondrosarcoma cells is mostly unknown. Here, we found that CCN3 increased the migration and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐13 in human chondrosarcoma cells (JJ012 cells). αvβ3 or αvβ5 monoclonal antibody (mAb), phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K) inhibitors (Ly294002 and wortmannin) and Akt inhibitor inhibited the CCN3‐induced increase of the migration and MMP‐13 upregulation of chondrosarcoma c...

A case of metastatic brain tumor causing multifocal cerebral embolism

Brain Tumor Pathology — Wed, 21 Sep 2011 05:55:27 +0100

Abstract The patient was a 72-year-old woman who had previously undergone treatment for femoral chondrosarcoma (histologically rated as myxofibrosarcoma). She suddenly developed left homonymous hemianopsia and was diagnosed with cerebral embolism. Because she had atrial fibrillation, we treated her for cardiogenic cerebral embolism. About 3 months later, however, she developed left hemiplegia, and head magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple tumorous lesions affecting the previously detected infracted area and several new areas. We assumed that a tumor embolus had caused cerebral embolism, which resulted in growth of the tumor from the embolus and formation of a metastatic brain tumor. The metastatic foci formed from the tumor embolus were visualized by diagnosti...

Presacral parachordoma causing intestinal obstruction in a patient with renal failure: Report of a case

Surgery Today — Thu, 15 Sep 2011 15:52:41 +0100

Abstract Parachordoma is usually lobulated and pseudoencapsulated, grows slowly, and is only locally invasive. It rarely occurs in the retroperitoneal area. Differential diagnoses include chordoma, extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, and subcutaneous sacrococcygeal myxopapillary ependymoma. We herein report our experience with a huge presacral parachordoma causing intestinal obstruction. A 48-year-old woman was a hemodialysis-dependent patient with end-stage renal disease. She had been diagnosed with uterine myomas several years prior. The patient presented with signs of intestinal obstruction. A presacral tumor with severe compression on the rectum resulting in rectal stricture was found. A resection of the presacral tumor was difficult owing to its large size and the di...

Extraskeletal Chondrosarcoma of Labium Majus

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience — Thu, 15 Sep 2011 15:32:33 +0100

We report a case of soft tissue swelling of left labium majus in a 66-year-old female. Patient underwent wide excision with uneventful postoperative course. Histopathology of specimen confirmed it to be ESMC. Patient refused adjuvant therapy. Followup of 1 year has shown her to be disease- and symptom- free. Only two cases arising from vulva have been reported in literature . This is the third case and first from Indian subcontinent. A brief review of clinical features, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of patients with extraskeletal chondrosarcoma is presented. (Source: Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience)

Sixty Percent 10-year Survival of Patients With Chondrosarcoma After Local Recurrence.

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research — Thu, 15 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Prolonged survival of patients after local recurrence of conventional chondrosarcoma is possible, albeit with further recurrences in many patients. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, prognostic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence. PMID: 21918803 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research)

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Incidence and survival of malignant bone sarcomas in England 1979‐2007

International Journal of Cancer — Mon, 12 Sep 2011 17:51:32 +0100

AbstractPrimary malignant bone sarcomas (MBS) are rare and there are few studies examining their incidence and outcome. Here, the incidence and survival of all subtypes of MBS registered in England between 1979 and 2007 were analysed from patient registry data held by the National Cancer Intelligence Network (NCIN). Over 11,002 new cases of MBS were registered, an average of 379 per year. There was no change in incidence demonstrated over the study period (p=0.08). Although a peak incidence is observed in adolescence, approximately half of MBS are diagnosed in patients over 50 years. An improvement in outcome of MBS was observed between those patients registered from 1979‐1983 and 1983‐1987 (p<0.0001), but there has been no improvement since. In the most recent period studied (patie...

[Cervical chondrosarcoma: About two cases.]

Neuro-Chirurgie — Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We report two cases of cervical chondrosarcoma in two men aged respectively 70 and 40years. Symptomatology was cervicobrachial neuralgia and motor deficit. Both patients were operated and the treatment completed by radiotherapy. PMID: 21917278 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Neuro-Chirurgie)

Incidence and survival of malignant bone sarcomas in England 1979–2007

International Journal of Cancer — Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractPrimary malignant bone sarcomas (MBS) are rare and there are few studies examining their incidence and outcome. Here, the incidence and survival of all subtypes of MBS registered in England between 1979 and 2007 were analysed from patient registry data held by the National Cancer Intelligence Network (NCIN). Over 11,002 new cases of MBS were registered, an average of 379 per year. There was no change in incidence demonstrated over the study period (p = 0.08). Although a peak incidence is observed in adolescence, approximately half of MBS are diagnosed in patients over 50 years. An improvement in outcome of MBS was observed between those patients registered from 1979 to 1983 and 1983 to 1987 (p < 0.0001), but there has been no improvement since. In the most recent period studied ...

Is bone scintigraphy necessary in the initial surgical staging of chondrosarcoma of bone?

Skeletal Radiology — Sun, 04 Sep 2011 10:56:59 +0100

Conclusion There is little role for the routine use of whole-body bone scintigraphy in the initial surgical staging in patients with chondrosarcoma of bone irrespective of the histological grade. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Scientific ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00256-011-1252-xAuthors Hassan Douis, Department of Radiology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, B31 2AP UKSteven L. James, Department of Radiology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, B31 2AP UKRobert J. Grimer, Department of Orthopaedic Oncology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, B31 2AP UKMark A. Davies, Department of Radiology, Royal Orthopaedic Hospital, Birmingham, B31 2AP UK Journal Skeletal RadiologyOnline ISSN 1432-2161Print ISSN 0364-2348 (Source: Skeletal Radiology)

Mimicry in older patients: tophaceous pseudogout as a tumorlike lesion: a case report.

Journal of the American Podiatric Medical Association — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Erhardt MA, Vetter SY, Suda AJ, Wentzensen A, Frank CB Abstract Pseudogout is frequently seen in painful arthritis of larger joints, especially the knees and shoulders. This case report describes a rare clinical entity of soft-tissue calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystal deposition disease surrounding the second metatarsal bone of an 81-year-old man with moderate painful swelling of the right forefoot for 2 years. Diagnostic imaging demonstrated a calcified soft-tissue tumor adjacent to the second metatarsal bone by considering a neoplastic process in the differential diagnosis. Excisional biopsy revealed a chalklike material on the calcified soft tissue that was pathognomonic for chondrocalcinosis or pseudogout. The excisional biopsy findings led to stagnation of the cl...

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Function preservation surgery in patients with chondrosarcoma of the cricoid cartilage.

The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Zeitels SM, Burns JA, Wain JC, Wright CD, Rosenberg AE Abstract Chondrosarcoma is a rare laryngeal neoplasm that is most commonly encountered in the cricoid cartilage and is optimally treated by surgical excision. It is typically a slow-growing malignancy with well-defined margins and a minimal risk of metastasis; however, radiographic imaging studies often appear ominous if the clinician correlates these findings to the biological behavior of epithelial cancer. Furthermore, the fact that the neoplasm's epicenter is usually under the cricoarytenoid joint can lead to airway and voice deficits before and after operation. Although many surgeons opt for function-sparing resection approaches, it is commonplace for some surgeons to injudiciously perform total laryngectomy as the...

Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma of Cervical Spine

Australasian Medical Journal - AMJ — Mon, 29 Aug 2011 08:08:39 +0100

We report here, the case of a 30-year-old female who presented with neck pain, weakness and tingling and numbness starting on the right side and later involving all four limbs. MRI revealed an ill-defined neoplastic lesion showing specks of calcification and arising from the right half of C2 and C3 cervical vertebrae. Microscopy showed an admixture of well differentiated cartilage showing focal calcification and spindly cell areas having a hemangiopericytomatous pattern (Source: Australasian Medical Journal - AMJ)

Collagen Prolyl 3-Hydroxylase 2 Specificity [Enzymology]

Journal of Biological Chemistry — Thu, 25 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

The fibrillar collagen types I, II, and V/XI have recently been shown to have partially 3-hydroxylated proline (3Hyp) residues at sites other than the established primary Pro-986 site in the collagen triple helical domain. These sites showed tissue specificity in degree of hydroxylation and a pattern of D-periodic spacing. This suggested a contributory role in fibril supramolecular assembly. The sites in clade A fibrillar α1(II), α2(V), and α1(I) collagen chains share common features with known prolyl 3-hydroxylase 2 (P3H2) substrate sites in α1(IV) chains implying a role for this enzyme. We pursued this possibility using the Swarm rat chondrosarcoma cell line (RCS-LTC) found to express high levels of P3H2 mRNA. Mass spectrometry determined that all the additional candidate 3Hyp substr...

RUNX2 expression in developing human bones and various bone tumors

Pathology International — Mon, 08 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

The heterozygous germline mutation of runt‐related protein 2 (RUNX2) causes cleidocranial dysplasia. To clarify the involvement of RUNX2 in human osteogenesis, fetal bones and various bone tumors were immunohistochemically examined. During both membranous and endochondral ossification in the fetus (n= 8), RUNX2 was expressed not only in osteoblastic cells but also in surrounding mesenchymal cells and early stage chondrocytes. Such an expression pattern was recapitulated in bone tumors: RUNX2 was unequivocally expressed in osteosarcoma (n= 20) and fibrous dysplasia (n= 10), regardless of the site of occurrence, cell morphology or amount of neoplastic osteoid. RUNX2 expression was limited to less differentiated cells in chondrogenic tumors (n= 20). We further analyzed whether RUNX2 express...

Med Sci Monit 2011; 17(8):RA177-190 "Review of therapeutic strategies for osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing’s sarcoma"

Medical Science Monitor — Mon, 01 Aug 2011 05:00:00 +0100

The most prevalent forms of bone cancer are osteosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and Ewing’s sarcoma. Although chemotherapy and radiotherapy have replaced traditional surgical treatments, survival rates have undergone only marginal improvements. Current knowledge of the molecular pathways involved in each type of cancer has led to better approaches in cancer treatment. A number of cell signaling molecules are involved in tumorigenesis, and specific targets have been identified based on these signal transducers. This review highlights some of the important cellular pathways and potential therapeutic targets, tumor site-specific irradiation techniques, and novel drug delivery systems used to administer these drugs. (Source: Medical Science Monitor)

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Secondary peripheral chondrosarcoma evolving from osteochondroma as a result of outgrowth of cells with functional EXT

Oncogene — Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: C E de Andrea, C M A Reijnders, H M Kroon, D de Jong, P C W Hogendoorn, K Szuhai & J V M G Bovée (Source: Oncogene)

Collagen membranes for host-implant integration: a pilot clinical study.

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery — Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION. The Tutomesh membrane facilitated host-implant integration and provided a feasible anatomic reconstruction for ligaments in the shoulder, knee, and hip. PMID: 21857036 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery)

Primary giant pulmonary chondrosarcoma [Images in cardio-thoracic surgery]

European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery — Thu, 28 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery)

Paclitaxel-Eluting Polymer Film Reduces Locoregional Recurrence and Improves Survival in a Recurrent Sarcoma Model: A Novel Investigational Therapy

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Tue, 19 Jul 2011 05:50:20 +0100

Conclusions Tumor bed implantation of Pax-films after R0/R1 resection is superior to Pax IV as evidenced by reduced locoregional recurrence and improved OS in a murine recurrent sarcoma model. Continuous local drug exposure via polymer films represents a potentially novel approach for treatment of locally aggressive sarcomas. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1245/s10434-011-1871-4Authors Rong Liu, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USAJesse B. Wolinsky, Departments of Chemistry and Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA, USAPaul J. Catalano, Department of Biostatistics and Computational Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, USALucian R. Chirieac, Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women’s Hos...

Radical resection of a giant recurrent chondrosarcoma of the anterior chest wall

General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery — Wed, 13 Jul 2011 05:57:31 +0100

Abstract A 63-year-old woman presented with a giant anterior chest wall tumor. She had undergone an operation 5 years previously for sternal chondrosarcoma at another medical center. Here, the patient underwent further surgery: a radical en bloc resection of an 18 × 18 cm portion of her anterior chest wall was performed, including the proximal ends of both clavicles, the first three costochondral joints bilaterally, and the tumor mass. The large chest wall defect was reconstructed in two layers: the first with a polypropylene mesh and a pedicled latissimus dorsi muscle flap as the second. She is healthy 20 months postoperatively. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 512-514DOI 10.1007/s11748-010-0714-8Authors Necati Çitak, Thoracic Surgery Department, Yedikule Teaching...

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Invasion of lung mesenchymal chondrosarcoma into the left atrium via the pulmonary vein detected on transoesophageal echocardiography

European Journal of Echocardiography — Tue, 12 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: European Journal of Echocardiography)

A fatal case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the mandible

Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics — Mon, 11 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Arvind Krishnamurthy, Anitha Vaidhyanathan, Satish Srinivas, Urmila MajhiJournal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics 2011 7(2):192-194A 34-year-old man presented with an expansile, erosive tumor involving the left side of the mandible, with secondary invasion into the maxilla, measuring 13 Χ 7 cm. Microscopic analysis revealed a malignant small round cell neoplasm with focal cartilaginous differentiation. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed positivity for vimentin, NSE and CD99 with primitive small round cells, and S100 positivity with neoplastic chondrocytes. To the best of our knowledge, this is perhaps the largest reported case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the maxillofacial region. Diagnosed as inoperable, he was treated with radiation and chemotherapy only to die with...

Falcine and parasagittal intracranial chondrosarcomas of the classical variant: Report of two cases with review of literature

Neurology India — Wed, 06 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

We report two cases of the classical variant which were dural based: one falcine and the other parasagittal are presented. Only 10 cases of this variant have been reported in this location. The pathology and management of these lesions have been reviewed. (Source: Neurology India)

Imaging pediatric bone sarcomas.

Radiologic Clinics of North America — Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

This article reviews the 3 most common pediatric bone sarcomas-osteosarcoma, Ewing sarcoma, and chondrosarcoma-and their imaging as applicable to contemporary disease staging and monitoring, and explores the roles of evolving imaging techniques. PMID: 21807172 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Radiologic Clinics of North America)

Choroidal metastasis from chondrosarcoma

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology — Tue, 28 Jun 2011 15:59:13 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s00417-011-1736-3Authors Ester Francés-Muñoz, Department of Ophthalmology, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Calle Mare Nostrum 9–8 (Quart de Poblet), 46930 Valencia, SpainRoberto Gallego-Pinazo, Department of Ophthalmology, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Calle Mare Nostrum 9–8 (Quart de Poblet), 46930 Valencia, SpainDiamar Pardo-López, Department of Ophthalmology, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Bulevar Sur S/N, 46026 Valencia, SpainManuel Diaz-Llopis, Department of Ophthalmology, University and Polytechnic Hospital La Fe, Calle Mare Nostrum 9–8 (Quart de Poblet), 46930 Valencia, Spain Journal Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental OphthalmologyOnline ISSN 1435-702XPrint ISSN 0721-...

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Arizona Oncology participates in first randomized phase 2 clinical trial for chondrosarcoma

TGen News — Mon, 13 Jun 2011 08:00:00 +0100

Arizona Oncology, in cooperation with Virginia G. Piper Cancer Center Clinical Trials in Scottsdale, Ariz., is enrolling patients in a randomized, double-blind Phase 2 clinical trial to evaluate... (Source: TGen News)

Versican V1 isoform regulates cell‐associated matrix formation and cell behavior differentially from aggrecan in Swarm rat chondrosarcoma cells

International Journal of Cancer — Sun, 12 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Teratoma With Somatic-Type Malignant Components in Germ Cell Tumors of the Testis: A Clinicopathologic Analysis of 40 Cases With Outcome Correlation

International Journal of Surgical Pathology — Thu, 09 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Teratoma with a malignant somatic component (MSC) is a rare phenomenon recognized when a somatic type malignancy occurs in the context of a germ cell tumor (GCT). The authors present their 29-year experience with 40 patients treated from 1981 to 2009 in their institution. The average age was 31 years. All patients underwent radical orchiectomy, which demonstrated a GCT in 19 with an MSC. The MSC was observed in the other 21 cases in metastatic sites, including lung (13), liver (3), pleura (1), mediastinum (7), supraclavicular lymph nodes (1), and retroperitoneal lymph nodes (9). The most common histologic types were rhabdomyosarcoma (n = 11) and primitive neuroectodermal tumors (n = 10), followed by adenocarcinoma (n = 9), sarcoma, not otherwise specified (n = 5), well-differentiated lipos...

BRICHOS domain associated with lung fibrosis, dementia and cancer: a chaperone that prevents amyloid fibril formation?

FEBS Journal — Thu, 09 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe BRICHOS domain was initially defined from sequence alignments of the Bri protein associated with familial dementia, chondromodulin associated with chondrosarcoma and surfactant protein C precursor (proSP‐C) associated with respiratory distress syndrome and interstitial lung disease (ILD). Today BRICHOS has been found in 12 protein families. Mutations in the Bri2 and proSP‐C genes result in familial dementia and ILD, respectively, and both these conditions are associated with amyloid formation. Amyloid is of great medical relevance as it is found in several major incurable diseases, like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease and diabetes mellitus. Work on recombinant BRICHOS domains and transfected cells indicate that BRICHOS is a chaperone domain that, during biosynthesis...

BRICHOS domain associated with lung fibrosis, dementia and cancer – a chaperone that prevents amyloid fibril formation?

FEBS Journal — Thu, 09 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

The BRICHOS domain was initially defined from sequence alignments of the Bri protein associated with familial dementia, chondromodulin associated with chondrosarcoma and surfactant protein C precursor (proSP‐C) associated with respiratory distress syndrome and interstitial lung disease (ILD). Today BRICHOS has been found in 12 protein families. Mutations in the Bri2 and proSP‐C genes result in familial dementia and ILD, respectively, and both these conditions are associated with amyloid formation. Amyloid is of great medical relevance as it is found in several major incurable diseases, like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease and diabetes mellitus. Work on recombinant BRICHOS domains and transfected cells indicate that BRICHOS is a chaperone domain that, during biosynthesis, binds ...

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Primary extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the vulva

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research — Wed, 08 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

We report a rare case of primary EMC of the vulva treated surgically. A 24‐year‐old Japanese woman had demonstrated a small and elastic mass of the vulva and underwent enucleation of the mass at a previous hospital, but a definitive histopathological diagnosis was not obtained. Therefore, the patient was referred to our hospital for further evaluation and treatment. We histopathologically diagnosed the tumor as primary EMC of the vulva and performed vulvectomy with vulvoperineal reconstruction. Microscopic examination of the resected specimens demonstrated residual tumor nodules of EMC. However, there were no viable tumor cells at the surgical margin. Approximately two years after wide local excision was performed, the patient is doing well and there is no apparent recurrence of EMC. (...

Re-irradiation with scanned charged particle beams in recurrent tumours of the head and neck: Acute toxicity and feasibility

Radiotherapy and Oncology — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Initial experience of re-irradiation with scanned particle beams in recurrent tumours of the head and neck seems feasible and encouraging. Further follow-up is needed to investigate potential late effects. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)

Re-irradiation with scanned charged particle beams in recurrent tumours of the head and neck: Acute toxicity and feasibility.

Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Initial experience of re-irradiation with scanned particle beams in recurrent tumours of the head and neck seems feasible and encouraging. Further follow-up is needed to investigate potential late effects. PMID: 21640421 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology)

Characterization of CXCR4 expression in chondrosarcoma of bone.

Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion.-CXCR4 is expressed in chondrosarcomas. CXCR4 expression levels were higher in high-grade chondrosarcoma cells than in low-grade specimens. A larger number of cases will be required to confirm these results and expand the observation, but preliminary data would argue for CXCR4 immunohistochemistry as a potential marker for biologic aggressiveness in chondrosarcoma of bone. PMID: 21631268 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine)

Spontaneous massive hemothorax secondary to chest wall chondrosarcoma: a case report.

Tuberkuloz ve Toraks — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

We present the case of a 30-year-old man with no past history of disease or recent trauma, who was seen in the emergency room after developing sharp pain in the left hemithorax. Chest roentgenogram showed costopherenic angle blunting and an oval mass in the left mediastinum. A computed tomographic scan showed extrapleural mass with coarse calcifications and pleural effusion, confirmed by magnetic resonance imaging. The tumor was biopsied and removed during thoracotomy. The pathology reported revealed chondrosarcoma, which is a rare cause for a spontaneous massive hemothorax. Invasion of the intercostals vessels by the tumor was the probable cause of hemothorax in this patient. PMID: 21740393 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Tuberkuloz ve Toraks)

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Oncologic Impact of the Curettage of Grade 2 Central Chondrosarcoma of the Extremity

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Wed, 25 May 2011 06:22:03 +0100

Conclusions Intracompartmental grade 2 chondrosarcoma with nonaggressive radiologic pattern have a chance of curettage. However, proper subsequent management achieves outcomes comparable with those of primary wide excision. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1245/s10434-011-1792-2Authors Wan Hyeong Cho, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, KoreaWon Seok Song, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, KoreaDae-Geun Jeon, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, KoreaChang-Bae Kong, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, KoreaJae-Soo Koh, Department of Pathology, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, KoreaJeung Il Kim, Department of Ortho...

Diagnostic pitfall in the diagnosis of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma arising in the central nervous system

Neuropathology — Tue, 24 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

We report a case of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma arising from the right tentorium cerebelli in a 21‐year‐old woman with symptoms relating to mass effect. Histological examination demonstrated a purely small round cell appearance in a specimen obtained during partial resection at an outside institution, leading to an erroneous diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET). The diagnosis of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma was made only after tissue obtained during a definitive complete macroscopic removal involving the regional tentorium cerebelli, transverse and sigmoid dural venous sinuses which showed a prominent cartilaginous component. We discuss the features of mesenchymal chondrosarcoma arising in the CNS, the important differential diagnoses of small round‐cell tum...

FPipTB, a benzimidazole derivative, induces chondrosarcoma cell apoptosis via endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis signal‐regulating kinase 1

Molecular Carcinogenesis — Tue, 17 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In this study, we investigated the anticancer effects of a new benzimidazole derivative, 2‐(furanyl)‐5‐(piperidinyl)‐ (3,4,5‐trimethoxybenzyl) benzimidazole (FPipTB) in human chondrosarcoma cells. FPipTB‐induced apoptosis in human chondrosarcoma cell lines (JJ012 and SW1353) but not in primary chondrocytes. Furthermore, it triggered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, which was characterized by changes in cytosolic calcium levels. Treatment of chondrosarcoma cells with FPipTB was associated with increased intracellular levels of ASK1, p38, p53, and Bax, followed by release of cytochrome c from mitochondria and activation of caspases. It is also known that ER stress activates apoptosis signal‐regulating kinase 1 (ASK1), which mediates activation of JNK and p38 pathways. We also...

Four year experience of sarcoma of soft tissues and bones in a tertiary care hospital and review of literature

World Journal of Surgical Oncology — Mon, 16 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The median recurrence free survival of patients in our study was comparable to the reported literature but with significant lost to follow rate. Further large-scale, multi centre studies are needed to have a more comprehensive understanding of this heterogeneous disease in our population. (Source: World Journal of Surgical Oncology)

IL‐8 increases integrin expression and cell motility in human chondrosarcoma cells

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry — Sun, 15 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In this study, we found that IL‐8 increased the migration and the expression of αvβ3 integrin in human chondrosarcoma cells. Activations of phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K), Akt and AP‐1 pathways after IL‐8 treatment were demonstrated, and IL‐8‐induced expression of integrin and migration activity was inhibited by the specific inhibitor and mutant of PI3K, Akt and AP‐1 cascades. Taken together, our results indicated that IL‐8 enhances the migration of chondrosarcoma cells by increasing αvβ3 integrin expression through the PI3K/Akt/AP‐1 signal transduction pathway. J. Cell. Biochem. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: Journal of Cellular Biochemistry)

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Case of an unusual clinical and radiological presentation of pulmonary metastasis from a costal chondrosarcoma after wide surgical resection: A transbronchial biopsy is recommended

World Journal of Surgical Oncology — Sun, 15 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Chondrosarcomas are the most frequently occurring primary malignant chest wall tumors. Furthermore, the lungs serve as the most frequent sites for metastases. Pulmonary metastases from sarcomas usually appear as round nodules of varying sizes on roentgenograms. Here, we report an unusual clinical and radiographic presentation of pulmonary metastasis from a costal chondrosarcoma. Bilateral pulmonary metastases developed soon after wide surgical resection. Thoracic computed tomography revealed unusual radiological findings: consolidation accompanied with ground-glass opacity. To confirm the metastasis, we recommend a transbronchial biopsy in cases where unusual pulmonary findings are detected. (Source: World Journal of Surgical Oncology)

Maffucci syndrome: A genome‐wide analysis using high resolution single nucleotide polymorphism and expression arrays on four cases

Genes, Chromosomes and Cancer — Sun, 15 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractOllier disease and Maffucci syndrome are rare, nonhereditary skeletal disorders characterized by the presence of multiple enchondromas with (Maffucci) or without (Ollier) co‐existing multiple hemangiomas of soft tissue. Enchondromas can progress toward central chondrosarcomas. PTH1R mutations are found in a small subset of Ollier patients. The genetic deficit in Maffucci syndrome is unknown. Here, we report the first genome‐wide analysis using Affymetrix SNP 6.0 array on Maffucci enchondromas (n = 4) and chondrosarcomas (n = 2) from four cases. Results were compared to a previously studied cohort of Ollier patients (n = 37). We found no loss of heterozygosity (LOH) or common copy number alterations shared by all enchondromas, with the exception of some copy number variations. A...

WISP-1 increases MMP-2 expression and cell motility in human chondrosarcoma cells.

Biochemical Pharmacology — Sat, 14 May 2011 23:49:38 +0100

Authors: Hou CH, Chiang YC, Fong YC, Tang CH Chondrosarcoma is a type of highly malignant tumor with a potent capacity to invade locally and cause distant metastasis. Chondrosarcoma shows a predilection for metastasis to the lungs. WISP-1 is a cysteine-rich protein that belongs to the CCN (Cyr61, CTGF, Nov) family of matricellular proteins. However, the effect of WISP-1 on migration activity in human chondrosarcoma cells is mostly unknown. Here we found that WISP-1 increased the migration and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 in human chondrosarcoma cells (JJ012 cells). We also found that human chondrosarcoma tissues had significant expression of the WISP-1 which was higher than that in normal cartilage. α5β1 monoclonal antibody and MAPK kinase (MEK) inhibitors (PD98059 ...

Primary synovial chondrosarcoma of the hip joint in a 45-year-old male: case report and literature review

Skeletal Radiology — Thu, 12 May 2011 19:27:57 +0100

Abstract Synovial chondrosarcoma is a rare tumor, seen most commonly arising from antecedent synovial chondromatosis, the more common benign entity. The distinction between the two can be difficult on the basis of clinical, imaging, and histologic criteria. The authors report a case of pathologically proven synovial chondrosarcoma of the hip in a 45-year-old male initially treated for presumed synovial chondromatosis. The case is made more unusual by the fact that no evidence of co-existent synovial chondromatosis was noted at histology. The literature as regards synovial chondrosarcoma, both de novo and secondary cases, is reviewed. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00256-011-1172-9Authors Leon David Rybak, Department of Radiology, NYU Hospital for Jo...

The Value of Cryosurgery in Treating a Case of Thoracic Chondrosarcoma

Clinical and Developmental Immunology — Wed, 11 May 2011 13:59:59 +0100

Chondrosarcomas of the spine are rare and difficult to treat. In this paper a case of thoracic chondrosarcoma is presented. Chondrosarcomas of the spine are generally smaller, more difficult to excise and are followed by higher local recurrence compared with chondrosarcomas of the peripheral skeleton. The tumor is radio- and chemoresistant, making the surgical treatment of utmost importance. The most important prognostic factor for local control is wide or marginal tumor resection. Our patient was treated in two stages, with total excision of the tumor, using cryosurgery. Liquid nitrogen was used to freeze the damaged tissue at a cellular level and made the excision more efficient. (Source: Clinical and Developmental Immunology)

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Sternal chondrosarcoma: a case report

Indian Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery — Tue, 10 May 2011 05:54:00 +0100

Abstract Primary chest wall tumors are uncommon and constitute 0.2–2% of all tumors. Most common primary malignant bone tumor of sternum is chondrosarcoma. Adequate surgical excision remains the most important aspect of the management of chondrosarcoma. We herein describe a case of sternal chondrosarcoma in adult female. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s12055-011-0101-9Authors Ashesh Kumar Jha, Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, 110095 IndiaSanjay Gupta, Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, 110095 IndiaSudipta Saha, Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences and Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital, Delhi, 110095 Indi...

Rib chondrosarcoma with intramedullary progression completely resected by magnetic resonance imaging: useful short inversion time inversion recovery sequence [Case report - Thoracic oncologic]

Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery — Sun, 08 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Chondrosarcoma is the second most common bone sarcoma, for which complete resection is the only effective treatment. Herein, we report a case of completely resected rib chondrosarcoma protruding through the bone marrow. An intramedullary lesion was revealed with magnetic resonance imaging using short inversion time inversion recovery sequence (STIR-MRI), but was not depicted by computed tomography. STIR-MRI is highly sensitive for the detection of bone tumors due to the suppression of peritumoral soft tissue signals, and is critical for radical resection of chondrosarcoma. (Source: Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery)

Surgically-challenging chondrosarcomas of the chest wall: five-year follow-up at a single institution

Clinics — Fri, 06 May 2011 18:47:38 +0100

Atypical Mole Syndrome is the most important phenotypic risk factor for developing cutaneous melanoma, a malignancy that accounts for about 80% of deaths from skin cancer. Because the diagnosis of melanoma at an early stage is of great prognostic relevance, the identification of Atypical Mole Syndrome carriers is essential, as well as the creation of recommended preventative measures that must be taken by these patients. (Source: Clinics)

Intrathoracic rupture of an extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma

General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery — Thu, 05 May 2011 16:40:56 +0100

We describe a case of EMC that was complicated by intrathoracic rupture of the tumor and took an aggressive clinical course. A 64-year-old man with a precordial tumor suddenly began suffering from acute chest pain. Radiographic examination revealed a massive pleural effusion. Emergency surgery was performed but resulted in rupture of the pleural side of the tumor. The tumor was resected with the chest wall. The patient died 16 months after surgery owing to abdominal wall recurrence. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 367-370DOI 10.1007/s11748-010-0674-zAuthors Takashi Eguchi, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621 JapanKazuo Yoshida, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi,...

A Case of Giant Bladder Carcinosarcoma without Submucosal Invasion

Advances in Pharmacological Sciences — Thu, 05 May 2011 16:19:26 +0100

Carcinosarcoma is a rare biphasic neoplasia containing both malignant mesenchymal and epithelial elements. Bladder carcinosarcoma commonly presented as high-grade, advanced stage, and aggressive behavior with a poor prognosis. An 83-year-old male presented with painless gross hematuria to our hospital. Cystoscopy revealed massive nonpapillary bladder tumor on the right wall. The 91 g tumor could be completely removed with transurethral resection. Histology of the tumor was diagnosed as carcinosarcoma with no submucosal invasion composed of biphasic malignant epithelial and mesenchymal cells. Epithelial malignancy was urothelial cancer and mesenchymal one was chondrosarcoma and leiomyosarcoma. The specimens taken at the second-look TUR-Bt revealed that carcinoma in situ (urothelial c...

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[Primary chondrosarcoma of stomach.]

Presse Medicale — Wed, 04 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Kunin N, Ferrand L, Fontaine A, Gayet C, Daaboul M, Letoquart JP PMID: 21550201 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Presse Medicale)

Chondromyxoid fibroma of the nasal septum: Case report and review of literature

Head and Neck — Tue, 03 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions.CMF is a rare, benign neoplasm occasionally occurring in the head and neck. Surgical resection is often curative. CMF must be differentiated from chondrosarcoma, given the substantial differences in treatment. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011 (Source: Head and Neck)

Prevalence of bone and soft tissue tumors.

Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica — Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Turkey still lacks a comprehensive series indicating the incidence and diagnostic distribution of bone and soft tissue tumors. The presented data would add to our knowledge on the specific rates of the bone and soft tissue tumors in Aegean region. PMID: 21765225 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica)

Reconstruction of a maxillectomy patient with an osteocutaneous flap and implant-retained fixed dental prosthesis: A clinical report

Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry — Fri, 29 Apr 2011 19:24:51 +0100

This clinical report describes a multidisciplinary approach in the implant rehabilitation of a 53-year-old white male diagnosed with chondrosarcoma. Following a maxillectomy and insertion of a surgical obturator, the patient was unable to adapt physically and psychologically to the removable prosthesis. The patient underwent a microvascular free tissue transfer using an osteocutaneous free fibula flap to reconstruct a right/left infrastructure maxillectomy defect, a soft tissue modification of the skin component using an implant retained stent, and placement of maxillary dental implants to retain a fixed prosthesis. Prosthodontic planning and treatment considerations are discussed. (Source: Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry)

Reconstruction of the pelvis and lumbar-pelvic junction using 2 vascularized autologous bone grafts after en bloc resection for an iliosacral chondrosarcoma.

Journal of Neurosurgery.Spine — Thu, 21 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mendel E, Mayerson JL, Nathoo N, Edgar RL, Schmidt C, Miller MJ Primary pelvic sarcomas remain challenging and complex surgical problems with significant potential for postoperative impairment of ambulation, as well as bowel, bladder, and sexual function. En bloc resection with negative tumor margins represents the best chance of control or cure as current adjuvant therapies remain ineffective. Tumor involvement of the sacrum with extension to the greater sciatic notch and ipsilateral ilium requires an external hemipelvectomy and sagittal sacrectomy with sacrifice of the lower extremity to achieve en bloc resection, followed by lumbar-pelvic reconstruction. A patient with an iliosacral chondrosarcoma is presented to illustrate a novel lumbar-pelvic reconstruction technique, in...

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Quaternary ammonium-melphalan conjugate for anticancer therapy of chondrosarcoma: in vitro and in vivo preclinical studies

Investigational New Drugs — Fri, 15 Apr 2011 15:49:39 +0100

Summary Cartilage tumours present ongoing therapeutic challenges due to their chondrogenic extracellular matrix that potentially hampers drug delivery, their low percentage of dividing cells, and their poor vascularity. In this context, and based on the affinity of the quaternary ammonium moiety for proteoglycans (PG), we developed a strategy that uses the quaternary ammonium function to selectively deliver DNA alkylating agents to the cartilage tumour tissue. We engineered the quaternary ammonium derivative of melphalan (Mel-AQ) and assessed its antitumoural activity in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, micromolar concentrations of Mel-AQ inhibited the proliferation of human HEMC-SS chondrosarcoma and Saos-2 osteosarcoma cell lines. Moreover, 24-h incubation with 20 μM M...

Primary pulmonary chondrosarcomas: a clinicopathologic study of 4 cases

Human Pathology — Fri, 15 Apr 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Summary: Malignant cartilaginous tumors of the lung are unusual, and although their occurrence has been reported in the literature in some cases, their separation from other benign cartilaginous tumors of the lung can be very difficult. Four cases of primary chondrosarcomas of the lung are presented. The patients are 2 men and 2 women between the ages of 51 and 69 years. Clinically, the most common symptoms were chest pain, dyspnea, and cough. Two tumors were centrally located, whereas 2 tumors were peripheral. Complete surgical resection was accomplished in all the patients. Histologically, 2 tumors were low grade of the hyaline type, whereas 2 tumors were predominantly myxoid chondrosarcomas. In the 2 myxoid chondrosarcomas immunohistochemical studies for keratin, desmin, smooth muscle a...

Malignant mesenchymal tumor with leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, and osteosarcoma differentiation: case report and literature review

Diagnostic Pathology — Thu, 14 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

A case of malignant mesenchymoma of the bladder containing leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, and myxomatous components is described. The primary pedunculated tumor measuring 14 by 13 by 7 cm and weighing 343 g arose from the left trigone of the bladder and was treated by total cystectomy. The histogenesis of malignant mesenchymomas and their optimal management strategy and prognosis remain uncertain. Herein, we present the fifth case of malignant mesenchymoma of the urinary bladder to be reported in the literature, which presented five unrelated differentiated tissues more than did previously reported cases. (Source: Diagnostic Pathology)

Intraluminal Chondrosarcoma Leading to Occlusion of the Brachiocephalic Trunk

The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon — Thu, 07 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Thorac cardiovasc Surg 2011; 59: 177-179DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1250348AbstractA 62-year-old female patient was admitted with temporary neurological symptoms. CT scan revealed occlusion of the brachiocephalic trunk by an intraluminal mass suspicious for a thrombus and extending into the ascending aorta. The patient underwent aortic arch replacement with reinsertion of the supraaortic vessels. A 5 × 3 × 4 cm large mass was found in the aorta which had obviously caused occlusion of the brachiocephalic trunk. The patient had an uneventful postoperative recovery and follow-up imaging showed no pathological findings. Histopathological examination revealed inhomogeneous chondroid tissue such as that found in a G2 grade bone chondrosarcoma.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle...

Chondroid Tenosynovial Giant Cell Tumor: A Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Analysis of 5 New Cases

International Journal of Surgical Pathology — Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) arises from the synovium of joints or tendon sheaths. Chondroid metaplasia in TGCT is rare with only 4 well-documented cases reported in the literature. The authors describe the morphological features and immunophenotype of 5 new cases of chondroid TGCT emphasizing a broader range of matrix patterns in these tumors and an expanded immunophenotype, specifically, staining for clusterin and podoplanin which have recently been found to be expressed in conventional TGCTs. Chondroid metaplasia was extensive in 3 cases. Matrix patterns included chondromyxoid, chondro-osseous, hyaline-like, and lace-like calcification similar to that seen in chondroblastoma. The authors conclude that chondroid TGCT is a rare, distinct synovial tumor with a predilection for the ...

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IDH1 and IDH2 mutations are frequent events in central chondrosarcoma and central and periosteal chondromas but not in other mesenchymal tumours

The Journal of Pathology — Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, IDH1 and IDH2 mutations represent the first common genetic abnormalities to be identified in conventional central and periosteal cartilaginous tumours. As in gliomas and AML, the mutations appear to occur early in tumourigenesis. We speculate that a mosaic pattern of IDH‐mutation‐bearing cells explains the reports of diverse tumours (gliomas, AML, multiple cartilaginous neoplasms, haemangiomas) occurring in the same patient. Copyright © 2011 Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: The Journal of Pathology)

Infinity Reports New Preclinical Data for IPI-926 at AACR Supporting Development in Chondrosarcoma

Medical News (via PRIMEZONE) — Sun, 03 Apr 2011 17:36:00 +0100

CAMBRIDGE, Mass., April 3, 2011 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Infinity Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq:INFI) today announced encouraging results for its novel Smoothened antagonist, IPI-926, in a preclinical model of chondrosarcoma, a life-threatening cancer of the cartilage. The data demonstrated that IPI-926 inhibited tumor growth and led to tumor calcification in primary patient-derived chondrosarcoma tumor xenografts. These data, generated through a collaboration with Drs. Jay Wunder and Ben Alman at University of Toronto, were presented during a major symposium session at the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) 102nd Annual Meeting 2011 in Orlando, Florida. (Source: Medical News (via PRIMEZONE))

Chondrosarcoma of sacrum presenting with a deep vein thrombosis

Journal of Orthopaedic Science — Sat, 02 Apr 2011 05:55:13 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s00776-011-0057-zAuthors Shinji Minami, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8510 JapanShinji Kounami, Department of Pediatrics, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8510 JapanRyosuke Sakata, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8510 JapanNobuyuki Miyazaki, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8510 JapanAtsunori Watanuki, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8510 JapanMunehito Yoshida, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Wakayama Medical University, 811-1 Kimiidera, Wakayama, 641-8510 Japan ...

The antiapoptotic gene survivin is highly expressed in human chondrosarcoma and promotes drug resistance in chondrosarcoma cells in vitro

BMC Cancer — Fri, 01 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: These findings indicate that survivin plays a role in the pathogenesis and pronounced chemoresistance of chondrosarcoma. Survivin antagonizing therapeutic strategies may lead to new treatment options in unresectable and metastasized chondrosarcoma. (Source: BMC Cancer)

Intraluminal chondrosarcoma leading to occlusion of the brachiocephalic trunk.

The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon — Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Szalay Z, Wilhelm J, Ziegelhoeffer T, Rolf A, Skwara W, Schoenburg M A 62-year-old female patient was admitted with temporary neurological symptoms. CT scan revealed occlusion of the brachiocephalic trunk by an intraluminal mass suspicious for a thrombus and extending into the ascending aorta. The patient underwent aortic arch replacement with reinsertion of the supraaortic vessels. A 5 × 3 × 4 cm large mass was found in the aorta which had obviously caused occlusion of the brachiocephalic trunk. The patient had an uneventful postoperative recovery and follow-up imaging showed no pathological findings. Histopathological examination revealed inhomogeneous chondroid tissue such as that found in a G2 grade bone chondrosarcoma. PMID: 21480142 [PubMed - in process] (Source: T...

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Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma of the chest wall: reconstruction with polypropylene mesh using a transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap

General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery — Wed, 30 Mar 2011 05:53:25 +0100

We report a case of dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma of the chest wall. After resection, the chest wall defect was reconstructed using polypropylene mesh and a transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap. A 61-year-old woman presented with a 16-year history of a slow-growing mass underneath the right chest wall. After percutaneous biopsy, preoperative cytopathological examination of the large mass revealed dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma. The tumor was resected with a wide margin along with the chest wall including skin, the right seventh to tenth ribs, and part of the diaphragm. The chest wall defect was reconstructed with a polypropylene (Marlex) mesh sheet followed by a left-side transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous flap. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 199-201DOI 10.10...

Extraskeletal Chondrosarcoma Between Chest Wall and Liver

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology — Sun, 27 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

A 71-year-old man presented with a 1-year history of swelling and pain in the right upper abdomen. He was admitted to our hospital because of shortness of breath for 1 month. He had suffered from chronic bronchitis and emphysema for 20 years and hepatic hemangiomas for 40 years. The physical examination was unremarkable except for mild tenderness in the right upper abdomen. The hematologic and biochemical profiles were normal, including carcinoembryonic antigen, carbohydrate antigen 199, and α-fetoprotein level. Computed tomography () revealed an oval-shaped, scattered, mineralized mass measuring 9.1 × 6.6 × 6.6 cm in the right upper abdomen. Ring-and-arc calcifications were seen adjacent to the inner edge of the mass. The outer margin of the mass was obscure with lateral chest wall tis...

IL-6 Increases Cell Motility in Chondrosarcoma [Signal Transduction]

Journal of Biological Chemistry — Fri, 25 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Chondrosarcoma is a type of highly malignant tumor with a potent capacity to invade locally and cause distant metastasis. Chondrosarcoma shows a predilection for metastasis to the lungs. IL-6 is a multifunctional cytokine that is associated with the disease status and outcomes of cancers. However, the effect of IL-6 on the migration activity of human chondrosarcoma cells is mostly unknown. Here, we found that IL-6 increased the migration and expression of MMP-13 in human chondrosarcoma cells. We also found that human chondrosarcoma tissues had significant expression of IL-6, which was higher than that in normal cartilage. IL-6-mediated migration and MMP-13 up-regulation were attenuated by anti-IL-6 receptor antibody, Ras, Raf-1, and a MEK inhibitor. Activation of the Ras, Raf-1, MEK, ERK, ...

Erosion Bleeding as a Late Complication of Chest Wall Reconstruction with a Dacron Mesh Silicone Prosthesis

The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon — Fri, 25 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Thorac cardiovasc SurgDOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1250771AbstractA 71-year-old man who had undergone chest wall resection and reconstruction with a Dacron mesh silicone prosthesis for chondrosarcoma 23 years previously presented with a chest wall hematoma. Since the hematoma was found to increase in size over time, we performed an operation to achieve hemostasis. Operative findings showed that the prosthesis had separated into three sheets.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon)

Feasibility of Proton Beam Therapy for Chordoma and Chondrosarcoma of the Skull Base

Skull Base — Fri, 25 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Skull BaseDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1275636ABSTRACTWe explored the general feasibility of proton beam therapy for chordoma and chondrosarcoma of the skull base. Clinical records and treatment-planning data of patients with the pathological diagnosis of chordoma or chondrosarcoma were examined. Proton beam therapy was administered for gross tumor mass as well as microscopic residual disease after surgery. The prescribed dose was determined to maximize the coverage of the target and to not exceed predefined constraints for the organs at risk. Eight cases of chordoma and eight cases of chondrosarcoma were enrolled. The median tumor volume was 40 cm3 (range, 7 to 546 cm3). The prescribed dose ranged from 50 to 70 Gy (relative biological effectiveness [RBE]), with a median of 63 Gy RBE. The median fo...

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Erosion Bleeding as a Late Complication of Chest Wall Reconstruction with a Dacron Mesh Silicone Prosthesis.

The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon — Fri, 25 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Sano A, Takeuchi E, Fukami T, Murakawa T, Nakajima J A 71-year-old man who had undergone chest wall resection and reconstruction with a Dacron mesh silicone prosthesis for chondrosarcoma 23 years previously presented with a chest wall hematoma. Since the hematoma was found to increase in size over time, we performed an operation to achieve hemostasis. Operative findings showed that the prosthesis had separated into three sheets. PMID: 21442584 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgeon)

Infinity to Present New Preclinical Data on IPI-926, a Novel Smoothened Antagonist Targeting the Hedgehog Pathway, at Upcoming AACR Meeting

Medical News (via PRIMEZONE) — Wed, 23 Mar 2011 12:01:00 +0100

CAMBRIDGE, Mass., March 23, 2011 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Infinity Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq:INFI) today announced that the company will present new preclinical data supporting ongoing development of IPI-926 in chondrosarcoma during the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR) 102nd Annual Meeting being held in Orlando, Florida from April 2 through April 6, 2011. (Source: Medical News (via PRIMEZONE))

Myxoid Chondrosarcoma of the Phalanx with an EWS Translocation: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

JBJS [Am] — Wed, 16 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: JBJS [Am])

Chordoma and Chondrosarcoma of the Skull Base and Spine: Small Post-operative Tumour Volume may still be Curable after High Dose Photon Radiotherapy

Clinical Oncology — Tue, 15 Mar 2011 18:27:07 +0100

Aims: High dose radiotherapy (RT) following surgical debulking is the treatment of choice for chordomas and chondrosarcomas. While many patients are now eligible for proton RT abroad, those with spinal tumours requiring metal reconstruction implants are probably better treated with photons. Can such patients still be cured if there is any residual postoperative tumour? (Source: Clinical Oncology)

Endocrinological outcome after pituitary transposition (hypophysopexy) and adjuvant radiotherapy for tumors involving the cavernous sinus.

Journal of Neurosurgery — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions The increased distance between the normal pituitary gland and the residual tumor facilitates treatment of the tumor with radiosurgery or radiotherapy and effectively reduces the incidence of radiation injury to the normal pituitary gland when compared with historical controls. PMID: 21395389 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Neurosurgery)

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CCN6 enhances ICAM‐1 expression and cell motility in human chondrosarcoma cells

Journal of Cellular Physiology — Wed, 09 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

In this study, we found that CCN6 increased the migration and the expression of ICAM‐1 in human chondrosarcoma cells. αvβ3 and αvβ5 integrin monoclonal antibody and mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MEK) inhibitors (PD98059 and U0126) inhibited the CCN6‐induced increase of the migration and ICAM‐1 up‐regulation of chondrosarcoma cells. CCN6 stimulation increased the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinase (FAK), MEK and extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (ERK). In addition, activator protein‐1 (AP‐1) inhibitors suppressed the cell migration and ICAM‐1 expression enhanced by CCN6. Moreover, CCN6 increased AP‐1 luciferase activity and binding of c‐Jun to the AP‐1 element on the ICAM‐1 promoter. Taken together, our results indicate that CCN6 enhances the migr...

Infinity Initiates Phase 2 Trial of IPI-926 in Patients With Chondrosarcoma

Medical News (via PRIMEZONE) — Thu, 03 Mar 2011 13:00:00 +0100

CAMBRIDGE, Mass., March 3, 2011 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Infinity Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq:INFI) today announced the initiation of a randomized, double-blind Phase 2 clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of IPI-926 compared to placebo in patients with metastatic or locally advanced, inoperable chondrosarcoma. The trial is expected to enroll over 100 patients worldwide. Chondrosarcoma is a rare, life-threatening bone cancer. There are no approved systemic treatments for this disease and, when surgery is no longer possible, chondrosarcoma is uniformly fatal. (Source: Medical News (via PRIMEZONE))

The novel benzimidazole derivative, MPTB, induces cell apoptosis in human chondrosarcoma cells

Molecular Carcinogenesis — Thu, 03 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

This study is the first to investigate the anti‐cancer effects of the new benzimidazole derivative (5‐methyl‐2(pyridine‐3‐yl)‐1‐(3,4,5‐trimethoxybenzyl)benzimidazole; MPTB) in human chondrosarcoma cells. MPTB‐induced cell apoptosis in two human chondrosarcoma cell lines, JJ012 and SW1353 but not in primary chondrocytes. MPTB‐induced upregulation of Bax and Bak and dysfunction of mitochondria in chondrosarcoma. MPTB triggered endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, as indicated by changes in cytosol calcium levels, and increased glucose‐regulated protein (GRP) expression. MPTB also increased calpain expression. Transfection of cells with GRP78 or calpain siRNA reduced MPTB‐mediated cell apoptosis in JJ012 cells. Importantly, animal studies have revealed a dramatic 44% red...

Myxoid Chondrosarcoma of the Phalanx with an EWS Translocation: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American volume — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Bumpass DB, Kyriakos M, Rubin DA, Manske PR, Goldfarb CA PMID: 21411698 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American volume)

Downregulation of Matrix Metalloproteinase-13 by the Root Extract of Cyathula officinalis Kuan and its Constituents in IL-1β-treated Chondrocytes

Planta Medica — Wed, 23 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Planta MedDOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1270834AbstractThe roots of Cyathula officinalis Kuan are widely used in Chinese medicine for the treatment of inflammatory disorders. Here, the ability of C. officinalis Kuan to downregulate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-13 was examined since MMP-13 is an important enzyme for the degradation of the cartilage collagen matrix, especially under arthritic conditions. The ethanol extract of C. officinalis Kuan as well as the n-hexane and chloroform soluble fractions were found to potently inhibit MMP-13 induction in IL-1β-treated SW1353 cells, a human chondrosarcoma cell line, at 50-200 µg/mL. Activity-guided separation led to the isolation of six compounds, palmitic acid (1), β-sitosterol (2), α-spinasterol (3), atractylenolide I (4), 1,3-diaceto...

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CCN3 increases cell motility and MMP‐13 expression in human chondrosarcoma through integrin dependent pathway

Journal of Cellular Physiology — Tue, 22 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractChondrosarcoma is a type of highly malignant tumor with a potent capacity to invade locally and cause distant metastasis. Chondrosarcoma shows a predilection for metastasis to the lungs. CCN3, also called nephroblastoma overexpressed gene (NOV), regulates proliferation and differentiation of cancer cells. However, the effect of CCN3 on migration activity in human chondrosarcoma cells is mostly unknown. Here we found that CCN3 increased the migration and expression of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)‐13 in human chondrosarcoma cells (JJ012 cells). αvβ3 or αvβ5 monoclonal antibody, phosphatidylinositol 3‐kinase (PI3K) inhibitors (Ly294002 and wortmannin) and Akt inhibitor inhibited the CCN3‐induced increase of the migration and MMP‐13 up‐regulation of chondrosarcoma cells...

CCAAT‐Enhancer‐binding protein beta activation of MMP‐1 gene expression in SW1353 cells: independent roles of extracellular signal‐regulated and p90/Ribosomal S6 kinases.

Journal of Cellular Physiology — Tue, 22 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractCCAAT‐enhancer‐binding protein beta (CEBPB) is a pluripotent transcription factor that controls inflammation, proliferation and differentiation. We recently reported a role for CEBPB during matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) gene expression, but the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. To address this we interrogated CEBPB‐dependent MMP‐1 and MMP‐13 gene activation in the SW1353 chondrosarcoma cell line, a well‐established model of MMP gene regulation in mesenchymal cells. IL‐1B treatment increased CEBPB expression in SW1353 cells over a twenty‐four hour period and knockdown of CEBPB with shRNA abrogated IL‐1B‐dependent MMP‐1 and MMP‐13 gene activation. Exogenous expression of the CEBPB isoforms LAP1 or LAP2 was sufficient to induce MMP‐1 mRNA levels com...

IGF‐I enhances α5β1 integrin expression and cell motility in human chondrosarcoma cells

Journal of Cellular Physiology — Tue, 22 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Direct application of MR images to computer-assisted bone tumor surgery

Journal of Orthopaedic Science — Thu, 17 Feb 2011 08:14:59 +0100

Conclusion Direct patient-to-MRI registration is a very useful method for bone tumor surgery, permitting the application of MR images to intraoperative visualization without any additional costs or exposure of the patient to radiation from the preoperative CT scan. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00776-011-0035-5Authors Hwan Seong Cho, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University College of Medicine, Daegu, KoreaIl-Hyung Park, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University College of Medicine, Daegu, KoreaIn-Ho Jeon, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University College of Medicine, Daegu, KoreaYoung-Gun Kim, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kyungpook National University College of Medicine, Da...

Association of Elevated HIF-2α Levels with Low Beclin 1 Expression and Poor Prognosis in Patients with Chondrosarcoma

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Thu, 17 Feb 2011 08:09:22 +0100

Conclusions Elevated HIF-2α levels assocaited with low Beclin 1 expression play a role in the development of chondrosarcoma. Beclin 1 can serve as a novel biomarker to predict survival of chondrosarcoma patients, and may represent a potential therapeutic target. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1245/s10434-011-1587-5Authors Changbao Chen, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, ChinaQingjun Ma, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, ChinaXinlong Ma, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, ChinaZhongjun Liu, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, ChinaXiaoguang Liu, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Peking University Third Hospital, Be...

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Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate induces cell apoptosis of human chondrosarcoma cells through apoptosis signal‐regulating kinase 1 pathway

Journal of Cellular Biochemistry — Wed, 16 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractChondrosarcoma is a malignant primary bone tumor that responds poorly to both chemotherapy and radiation therapy. (‐)‐Epigallocatechin‐3‐gallate (EGCG), the major polyphenol in green tea, has been shown to inhibit tumorigenesis and cancer cell growth in animal models. The aim of this study was to elucidate the mechanism of EGCG‐induced apoptosis of human chondrosarcoma cells. EGCG induced cell apoptosis in human chondrosarcoma cell lines but not primary chondrocytes. EGCG induced upregulation of Bax and Bak, downregulation of Bcl‐2 and Bcl‐XL and dysfunction of mitochondria in chondrosarcoma. We also found that the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a critical mediator in EGCG‐induced cell death. EGCG induced apoptosis signal‐regulating kinase 1 (ASK...

Primary mediastinal chondrosarcoma with Horner’s syndrome

General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery — Thu, 10 Feb 2011 07:00:18 +0100

We report a rare case of a large primary mediastinal chondrosarcoma that presented with Horner’s syndrome. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 145-147DOI 10.1007/s11748-010-0622-yAuthors Tarun Jindal, Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 IndiaRamkaran Chaudhary, Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 IndiaNeeraj Sharma, Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 IndiaMonika Meena, Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 IndiaRoman Dutta, Department of Surgical Disciplines, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029 IndiaArvind Kumar, Department of S...

Assessment of Early Toxicity and Response in Patients Treated With Proton and Carbon Ion Therapy at the Heidelberg Ion Therapy Center Using the Raster Scanning Technique

International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics — Mon, 07 Feb 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Side effects related to particle treatment were rare, and the overall tolerability of the treatment was shown. The initial response was promising. The data have confirmed the safe delivery of carbon ions and protons at the newly opened Heidelberg facility. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)

A Phase I study of the Heat Shock Protein 90 inhibitor alvespimycin (17-DMAG) given intravenously to patients with advanced, solid tumors.

Clinical Cancer Research — Thu, 03 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: The recommended Phase II dose of 17-DMAG is 80mg/m2 weekly, IV. PMID: 21278242 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Cancer Research)

Preoperative grading scale to predict survival in patients undergoing resection of malignant primary osseous spinal neoplasms

The Spine Journal — Thu, 03 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Background context: Large population-based studies of malignant primary osseous spinal neoplasms are lacking and are necessary to have sufficient statistical power to determine if various patient-related factors are in fact significant indicators of prognosis.Purpose: Using a 30-year US national cancer registry (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results [SEER]), we introduce a preoperative grading scale that is associated with survival in patients undergoing surgical resection for malignant primary osseous spinal neoplasms.Study design: Large-scale retrospective study.Patient sample: SEER registry.Outcome measure: Survival.Methods: The SEER registry (1973–2003) was queried to identify adult patients undergoing surgical resection of histologically confirmed primary spinal chor...

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Reactive bone lesions mimicking neoplasms

Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology — Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Reactive lesions of bone and soft tissue can appear alarming on histologic examination because they are often cellular and have atypical (activated) cytologic features, such as distinct nucleoli and mild hyperchromasia, and mitotic activity. Reactive lesions of bone and periosteum also produce bone and cartilage matrix, resulting in confusion with osteosarcoma or chondrosarcoma. Careful attention to key cytomorphological features such as the pattern of bone formation, uniform appearance of cells, and absence of atypical mitoses should help identify the reactive nature of a lesion. Correlation with clinical and radiological findings is also imperative to avoid misclassification of the tumor because reactive lesions often arise at sites where osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma are rare (eg, the...

Dedifferentiated chondrosarcoma of the lung: Report of a case

Surgery Today — Tue, 25 Jan 2011 06:48:30 +0100

This report presents a rare case of pulmonary sarcoma with regional anaplastic changes. A 73-year-old Japanese man with a hamartoma-like nodule of the left lung accompanied by interstitial pneumonia was followed up for 30 months. He underwent a surgical resection due to the rapid growth of the lung nodule. A pathological examination revealed a dedifferentiated sarcoma arising from the chondrosarcoma. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 251-254DOI 10.1007/s00595-009-4240-1Authors Daigo Kawano, Department of Surgery and Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 JapanIchiro Yoshino, Department of Thoracic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, JapanFumihiro Shoji, Department of Surgery and Sci...

A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Intralesional Versus Wide Resection for Intramedullary Grade I Chondrosarcoma of the Extremities

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Sat, 22 Jan 2011 07:06:13 +0100

Conclusions Intralesional curettage as an alternative to wide resection for extrapelvic grade I chondrosarcoma of bone does not greatly increase the risk for local recurrence or metastasis. Overall effect estimates, however, should be interpreted with caution as a result of the relatively small number of events. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1245/s10434-010-1532-zAuthors Michael Hickey, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON CanadaForough Farrokhyar, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON CanadaBen Deheshi, Department of Surgery, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON CanadaRobert Turcotte, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC CanadaMichelle Ghert, Department of Surgery, McMaste...

High‐risk extracranial chondrosarcoma

Cancer — Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:Although surgery with complete resection is paramount in management of chondrosarcoma, RT is a useful adjuvant treatment and appears to offer excellent and durable local control where wide surgical resection is difficult to accomplish. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)

Cytostatic Effect of the Hypothalamic Cytokine PRP-1 is Mediated by mTOR and cMyc Inhibition in High Grade Chondrosarcoma.

Neurochemical Research — Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

This study aimed to further elucidate the molecular mechanisms of antiproliferative action of proline rich polypeptide 1 (PRP-1) cytokine, produced by neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus to be considered as alternative adjuvant therapy for metastatic chondrosarcoma, which does not respond to chemotherapy or radiation and currently without any effective treatment. Rapid cell proliferation assay of human primary cultures from high grade chondrosarcoma patients biopsies and human chondrosarcoma JJ012 cell line indicated 50 and 80% inhibition in PRP-1 treated samples correspondingly. Videomicroscopy detected that despite the treatment there are still dividing cells, meaning that cells are not in the state of dormancy, rather PRP-1 repressed the cell cycle progression, exhibited cytostatic...

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Genome-wide analysis of Ollier disease: Is it all in the genes?

Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases — Fri, 14 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: We present the first genome-wide analysis of the largest international series of Ollier ECs and CS reported so far and demonstrate that copy number alterations and LOH are rare and non-recurrent in Ollier ECs while secondary CS are genetically unstable. One could predict that instead small deletions, point mutations or epigenetic mechanisms play a role in the origin of ECs of Ollier disease. (Source: Orphanet Journal of Rare Diseases)

[Ollier disease: benign tumours with risk of malignant transformation. A review of 17 cases.]

Anales de Pediatria — Thu, 13 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Multiple enchondromatosis is a benign disease with a high risk of malignant transformation above 40 years old. Bone scintigraphy is the best tool for detecting multiple lesions and malignant transformation. Radical surgery is the only way to improve survival, and this is the reason why early diagnosis is essential. PMID: 21237730 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anales de Pediatria)

Chondrosarcoma of the petroclival synchondrosis

HemOncToday.com — Fri, 07 Jan 2011 16:13:54 +0100

(Source: HemOncToday.com)

A Simple Surgical Approach for Management of the Rhinoliths: Case Report

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery — Mon, 03 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Rhinoliths are uncommon foreign bodies formed by in situ calcification of intranasal endogenous or exogenous foreign material. Any material, from exogenous or endogenous origin, can act as a potential agent of a rhinolith, first becoming lodged in the nasal cavity and then being calcified because of gradual deposition of salts from nasal, lachrymal, and inflammatory secretions. Teeth, sequestra, dried blood clots, dried pus, desquamated epithelium, leukocytes, and osseous fragments are examples of endogenous precipitants. Fruit seeds, beads, buttons, dirt, pebbles, sand, peas, parasites, wood, glass, and remains of a gauze tampon are examples of exogenous sources. Although rhinoliths are more frequently seen in children and appear to be more common in women, they have been reported in pati...

Extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma of the pleura: Report of a rare case.

Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology — Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Jain A, Safaya R, Jagan C, Sharma SK Mesenchymal chondrosarcoma is a rare aggressive variant of chondrosarcoma that frequently occurs in extraskeletal location. A 28-year-old female presented with a history of dyspnea and fever and succumbed to her illness before a conclusive diagnosis was established. An autopsy performed revealed the presence of an extraskeletal mesenchymal chondrosarcoma (ESMC) involving the pleura. Only one case of ESMC of the pleura has been reported previously. Herein, we report the second case of ESMC of the pleura. PMID: 21393900 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology)

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Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma in a Pediatric Patient

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics — Thu, 30 Dec 2010 00:33:39 +0100

We present a case of EMC affecting the infratemporal space of a 13-year-old boy presenting a large painless diffuse mass in his right parotid region lasting 6 months. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging exhibited a lesion with high signal and lobular configuration. Histologic evaluation of the specimen obtained by incisional biopsy revealed multiple nodules containing tumoral cells separated by several fibrous septae. The tumoral cells presented vacuolated granular cytoplasm and round nuclei and were supported by an abundant myxoid pale stroma. Periodic acid–Schiff staining with and without prior diastase digestion demonstrated cytoplasmic glycogen in the tumoral cells. Immunohistochemical features of the tumoral cells included positivity for vimentin, neuron- specific enolase, and ch...

Hip transposition as a limb salvage procedure following the resection of periacetabular tumors

Journal of Surgical Oncology — Wed, 29 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

ConclusionHip transposition can be considered as an easy and safe surgical procedure to employ in order to achieve good functional outcome in periacetabular tumors. J. Surg. Oncol. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: Journal of Surgical Oncology)

Direct anti-cancer effect of oncostatin M on chondrosarcoma

Bone — Tue, 28 Dec 2010 22:19:57 +0100

Oncostatin M (OSM) is cytostatic, pro-apoptotic and induces differentiation of osteosarcoma cells into osteocytes, suggesting new adjuvant treatment for these bone-forming sarcomas. However, OSM systemic over-expression can lead to adverse side effects such as generalized inflammation, neo-angiogenesis and osteolysis. We determine here the effect of OSM on a closely related malignancy, cartilage-forming chondrosarcoma. (Source: Bone)

Primary malignant clavicular tumours: a clinicopathological analysis of six cases and evaluation of surgical management

Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery — Tue, 28 Dec 2010 15:02:58 +0100

Abstract Primary malignant tumours of the clavicle are extremely rare and little is known regarding their clinicopathological characteristics and outcomes of surgical management. The aim of the study is to analyse the clinical, imaging, and histological features of six patients with malignant tumours of the clavicle and present the outcome of cleidectomy in four of them. A review of the literature is also provided. Six cases were included in this series: two plasmocytomas; three PNETs, one non-Hodgkin lymphoma, one high-grade chondrosarcoma and one post-irradiation fibrosarcoma. Apart from one patient with plasmocytoma and another one with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, the remaining four patients underwent partial or complete cleidectomy according to tumour location. At the time o...