MedWorm: Colon Cancer

Impact of early reoperation after resection for colorectal cancer on long‐term oncological outcomes

Colorectal Disease — Wed, 08 Feb 2012 21:05:54 +0100

Conclusions Compared with non‐reoperated patients matched for patient, tumour and operative characteristics, patients reoperated in the early postoperative period have worse long‐term oncological outcomes. Adoption of strategies to reduce the risk of reoperation may be associated with the additional advantage of improved oncological outcomes in addition to the short‐term advantages. (Source: Colorectal Disease)

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Adherence to national guidelines for surveillance after curative resection of nonmetastatic colon and rectum cancer: a survey among Norwegian gastrointestinal surgeons

Colorectal Disease — Wed, 08 Feb 2012 21:05:13 +0100

Conclusion All hospitals reported having a strategy for surveillance after surgery for colon and rectal cancer, but there was considerable variance in strategy. A scientific audit of the true level of compliance, effectiveness and cost‐benefit is warranted at a national level. (Source: Colorectal Disease)

Microarray Analyses of Genes Differentially Expressed by Diet (Black Beans and Soy Flour) during Azoxymethane-Induced Colon Carcinogenesis in Rats

Journal of Oncology — Wed, 08 Feb 2012 13:24:10 +0100

The objective of this study was to identify genes altered by carcinogen treatment in normal-appearing colonic mucosa and those attenuated by bean feeding. Ninety-five male F344 rats were fed control (AIN) diets upon arrival. At 4 and 5 weeks, rats were injected with AOM (15 mg/kg) or saline and one week later administered an AIN, BB-, or SF-based diet. Rats were sacrificed after 31 weeks, and microarrays were conducted on RNA isolated from the distal colonic mucosa. AOM treatment induced a number of genes involved in immunity, including several MHC II-associated antigens and innate defense genes (RatNP-3, Lyz2, Pla2g2a). BB- and SF-fed rats exhibited a higher expression of genes involved in energy metabolism and water and sodium absorption and lower expression of innate (RatNP-3, Pl...

Top9ColCanRiskFactors

About.com Colon Cancer — Wed, 08 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Many of the top nine colon cancer risk factors are things you can change. Take the steps needed for better health and eliminate many of your colon cancer risk factors, too. (Source: About.com Colon Cancer)

Lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the colon.

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 13:36:02 +0100

Authors: Delaney D, Chetty R Abstract An 85-year old female had a polypoid tumour in the sigmoid colon that histologically conformed to a lymphoepithelioma-like (LEL) carcinoma. The tumour was arranged in cords, chains, clusters and microalveoli of pleomorphic, irregular cells set within a dense intratumoral lymphocytic stroma. The tumour was EBV-negative and showed loss of MLH-1 and PMS-2 mismatch repair proteins. The patient did not fulfil the criteria for HNPCC. Only 5 other cases of primary colonic LEL carcinoma have been described previously and only one case appears to have an unequivocal association with EBV. In addition, one of the cases was encountered in a HNPCC patient. This is an unusual morphologic variant of a microsatellite unstable tumour with a LEL pattern, not ass...

Reviewing Ways To Balance The Benefits Of Oxaliplatin With Its Side Effects When Treating Colon Cancer

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 08:00:00 +0100

The drug oxaliplatin is a major reason the prognosis for metastatic colon cancer has gone from an expected survival of several months to a couple years. Unfortunately, the drug can also carry with it debilitating neurological side effects, which generally start as the sensation of pins and needles in fingers and toes and can leave patients unable to walk or dress independently... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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Comparative Effectiveness of Oxaliplatin vs Non-Oxaliplatin-containing Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Stage III Colon Cancer

JNCI — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion The addition of oxaliplatin to 5-FU appears to be associated with better survival among patients receiving adjuvant colon cancer treatment in the community. (Source: JNCI)

Increased serum sTRAIL levels were correlated with survival in bevacizumab-treated metastatic colon cancer

BMC Cancer — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Serum sTRAIL levels might be a useful predictor of prognosis in metastatic colon cancer, in the early evaluation stages following bevacizumab treatment. (Source: BMC Cancer)

Laparoscopic versus Open Colectomy for Colon Cancer in an Older Population: A Cohort Study

World Journal of Surgical Oncology — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: In this older population, laparoscopic colectomy practice patterns were associated with factors which likely correlate with tertiary referral centers. Although short-term and long-term survival are comparable, laparoscopic colectomy offers shorter hospitalizations and less intensive care. (Source: World Journal of Surgical Oncology)

The Risk Of Colon Cancer Could Be Reduced By Regular Use Of Vitamin And Mineral Supplements

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 09:00:00 +0100

Could the use of vitamin and mineral supplements in a regular diet help to reduce the risk of colon cancer and protect against carcinogens? A study published in the Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology (CJPP) found that rats given regular multivitamin and mineral supplements showed a significantly lower risk of developing colon cancer when they were exposed to carcinogens. "It has been unclear whether multivitamin supplementation to cancer patients is helpful, has no effect, or is even detrimental during therapy," commented Dr. Grant Pierce, Editor of CJPP... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Booze and Family History of Colon Cancer a Bad Mix: Study

MedicineNet Cancer General — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 07:00:00 +0100

Title: Booze and Family History of Colon Cancer a Bad Mix: StudyCategory: Health NewsCreated: 2/3/2012 2:05:00 PMLast Editorial Review: 2/6/2012 (Source: MedicineNet Cancer General)

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Cocoa from dark chocolate lowers risk from colon cancer

NaturalNews.com — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 06:00:00 +0100

Colon cancer is the third leading cause of cancer deaths annually, a statistic that remains constant despite increased awareness of the deadly disease. Researchers from the Science and Technology Institute of Food and Nutrition in Spain have published the result of a... (Source: NaturalNews.com)

Luteolin blocks cellular signaling pathway to lower colon cancer risk

NaturalNews.com — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 06:00:00 +0100

The result of a body of research published in the journal BMC Gastroenterology has found that consumption of the plant flavonoid luteolin is able to inhibit the activity of cell signaling pathways (known as IGF and PI3K) important for the growth of colon cancer. Extensive... (Source: NaturalNews.com)

Clinical outcomes of palliative self‐expanding metallic stents in patients with malignant colorectal obstruction

Chinese Journal of Digestive Diseases — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Palliative SEMS are effective and favorable procedures for malignant colorectal obstruction but have some complications. Stent migration is associated with covered type and small diameter stent and other factors do not affect the stent complication in the present study and adverse events that occurred are manageable.© 2012 The Authors. Journal of Digestive Diseases © 2012 Chinese Medical Association Shanghai Branch, Chinese Society of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd. (Source: Chinese Journal of Digestive Diseases)

Adjuvant treatment of early colon cancer with micrometastases: Results of a national survey

Journal of Surgical Oncology — Sun, 05 Feb 2012 13:13:44 +0100

ConclusionsMM in colon cancer apparently influenced adjuvant treatment decisions absent known prognostic benefit. Prospective trials are needed to improve the selection of patients for systemic chemotherapy in early, node‐negative colon cancer. J. Surg. Oncol © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Surgical Oncology)

Polyps

About.com Colon Cancer — Sun, 05 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

A colon polyp is an abnormal growth in the lining of your colon. There are many different types of polyps, but only 10 percent of them will grow into colon cancer. Learn more about the types of polyps, the risk for colon cancer and how they are treated. (Source: About.com Colon Cancer)

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Colon Anatomy (Cross Section)

About.com Colon Cancer — Sun, 05 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

The colon is about six feet long and is the part of the body's digestive system that moves waste material from the small intestine to the rectum. The colon is comprised of four distinct layers: the mucosa, the submucosa, the muscularis externa (two thick bands of muscle), and the serosa. Learn more about each in this colon anatomy gallery. (Source: About.com Colon Cancer)

Booze and Family History of Colon Cancer a Bad Mix: Study

Cancercompass News: Colorectal Cancer — Sun, 05 Feb 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Red meat, smoking and skipping veggies also associated with a raised cancer risk, research finds (Source: Cancercompass News: Colorectal Cancer)

Silver packs a punch as chemotherapy drug

New Scientist - Cancer — Sat, 04 Feb 2012 15:12:23 +0100

Compounds of silver are as effective against breast and colon cancer cells as a leading chemotherapy drug and may result in fewer side effects (Source: New Scientist - Cancer)

Analysis of cell adhesion during early stages of colon cancer based on an extended multi-valued logic approach

RSC - Mol. BioSyst. latest articles — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 21:36:08 +0100

Mol. BioSyst., 2012, Advance ArticleDOI: 10.1039/C2MB05277F, PaperDaniel V. Guebel, Ulf Schmitz, Olaf Wolkenhauer, Julio VeraHere we present the first large scale multi-valued logic model investigating the signalling pathways that regulate cell adhesion during colorectal cancer initiation.To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry (Source: RSC - Mol. BioSyst. latest articles)

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Regular use of vitamin and mineral supplements could reduce the risk of colon cancer, study suggests

ScienceDaily Headlines — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 19:15:15 +0100

Booze and Family History of Colon Cancer a Bad Mix: Study

The Doctors Lounge - Oncology — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 18:00:00 +0100

Red meat, smoking and skipping veggies also associated with a raised cancer risk, research finds (Source: The Doctors Lounge - Oncology)

Intestinal obstruction caused by colonic metastasis from intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma 6 years after removal of the primary tumor: report of a case

Surgery Today — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 17:11:08 +0100

We report a case of intestinal obstruction caused by metastasis that manifested 6 years after surgery for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC). The patient, a 57-year-old man, had undergone resection of the hepatic left lobe, Spiegel lobe, and extrahepatic bile duct, following which histopathological examination had confirmed the diagnosis of ICC and that the resection margins were free from disease. There had been no signs of recurrence until an increase in the CA19-9 level was detected 6 years later. Colonoscopy revealed an ulcer-like lesion and stenosis at the level of the hepatic flexure. The patient was subsequently admitted to our hospital with abdominal pain and underwent right hemicolectomy with partial resection of hepatic segment V. Based on the immunohistologica...

Booze and Family History of Colon Cancer a Bad Mix

MedlinePlus Health News — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 17:00:00 +0100

Red meat, smoking and skipping veggies also associated with a raised cancer risk, research finds Source: HealthDay Related MedlinePlus Pages: Alcohol, Colorectal Cancer, Family History (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

Chronic Anti-inflammatory Drug Therapy Inhibits Gel-Forming Mucin Production in a Murine Xenograft Model of Human Pseudomyxoma Peritonei

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 07:21:21 +0100

Conclusions Inflammatory mediators are known to regulate mucin production and may promote overexpression of MUC2 by neoplastic cells with goblet cell phenotype in PMP. Anti-inflammatory drugs, dexamethasone and Celebrex, could inhibit extracellular mucin production in PMP by targeting inflammatory cascades and, therefore, may decrease compressive symptoms, increase the disease-free interval, and reduce the extent or frequency of morbid cytoreductive surgeries. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Regional Cancer TherapiesPages 1-8DOI 10.1245/s10434-012-2242-5Authors Haroon Asif Choudry, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USAArun Mavanur, Division of Surgical Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pitt...

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Combined Diffusion-Weighted and Gadolinium-Enhanced MRI Can Accurately Predict the Peritoneal Cancer Index Preoperatively in Patients Being Considered for Cytoreductive Surgical Procedures

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 07:21:17 +0100

Conclusions Combined diffusion-weighted and gadolinium-enhanced peritoneal MRI accurately predicts the PCI before surgery in patients undergoing evaluation for cytoreductive surgery. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Regional Cancer TherapiesPages 1-8DOI 10.1245/s10434-012-2236-3Authors Russell N. Low, Department of Radiology, Sharp Memorial Hospital, San Diego, CA, USARobert M. Barone, Department of Surgical Oncology, Sharp Memorial Hospital, San Diego, CA, USA Journal Annals of Surgical OncologyOnline ISSN 1534-4681Print ISSN 1068-9265 (Source: Annals of Surgical Oncology)

Regular use of vitamin and mineral supplements could reduce the risk of colon cancer

EurekAlert! - Biology — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Canadian Science Publishing (NRC Research Press)) Could the use of vitamin and mineral supplements in a regular diet help to reduce the risk of colon cancer and protect against carcinogens? A study published in the Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology found that rats given regular multivitamin and mineral supplements showed a significantly lower risk of developing colon cancer when they were exposed to carcinogens. (Source: EurekAlert! - Biology)

The hexosamine biosynthetic pathway and O-GlcNAcylation drive the expression of {beta}-catenin and cell proliferation

AJP: Endocrinology and Metabolism — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

The short half-life protooncogene β-catenin acquires a remarkable stability in a large subset of cancers, mainly from mutations affecting its proteasomal degradation. In this sense, colorectal cancers (CRC) form a group of pathologies in which early steps of development are characterized by an aberrant expression of β-catenin and an uncontrolled proliferation of epithelial cells. Diet has long been described as an influence in the emergence of CRC, but the molecular events that link metabolic disorders and CRC remain elusive. Part of the explanation may reside in hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) flux. We found that fasted mice being force-fed with glucose or glucosamine leads to an increase of β-catenin and O-GlcNAcylation levels in the colon. MCF7 cells possessing inta...

Higher adenoma detection rates with cap-assisted colonoscopy: a randomised controlled trial

Gut — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions CAC detected a 13% higher number of subjects with at least one adenoma and 59% higher adenomas per subject. CAC is a safe, effective and practical means to improve adenoma detection rates. Clinical Trial Registration NCT 01211132. (Source: Gut)

Regulation of Bmi1 in Colon Cancer [Signal Transduction]

Journal of Biological Chemistry — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

B lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 (Bmi1) is a Polycomb Group (PcG) protein important in gene silencing. It is a component of Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1), which is required to maintain the transcriptionally repressive state of many genes. Bmi1 was initially identified as an oncogene that regulates cell proliferation and transformation, and is important in hematopoiesis and the development of nervous systems. Recently, it was reported that Bmi1 is a potential marker for intestinal stem cells. Because Wnt signaling plays a key role in intestinal stem cells, we analyzed the effects of Wnt signaling on Bmi1 expression. We found that Wnt signaling indeed regulates the expression of Bmi1 in colon cancer cells. In addition, the expression of Bmi1 in human colon cancers is significantly...

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The Relationship of Lymph Node Evaluation and Colorectal Cancer Survival After Curative Resection: A Multi-Institutional Study

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:12:37 +0100

Conclusion This study found that the number of lymph nodes retrieved and the number of positive nodes are both important prognostic factors. At least a 12-node threshold may be supported as a measure to improve a predictive capacity within individual patients and as a quality control parameter of hospital performance. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Colorectal CancerPages 1-9DOI 10.1245/s10434-012-2223-8Authors Yukihide Kanemitsu, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, JapanKoji Komori, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, JapanSeiji Ishiguro, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, JapanToshiaki Watanabe, Department of Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medici...

Pharmacokinetics and tissue and tumor exposure of CP-31398, a p53-stabilizing agent, in rats

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:11:01 +0100

Conclusions CP-31398 is bioavailable and has a relatively long elimination half-life, which supports the achievement of plasma steady-state levels with a once daily dosing regimen. CP-31398 exhibits a dramatically high volume of distribution, which is consistent with its tissue concentrations being much higher than corresponding plasma levels. It is accumulated in colon tumor tissues, albeit at lower concentrations than found in liver, skin, and colon. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00280-011-1811-9Authors Izet M. Kapetanovic, Chemopreventive Agent Development Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, 6130 Executive Blvd., Rm. 2116, Bethesda, MD 20892, USAMiguel Muzzio, Life Sciences Group,...

Interleukin-1β enhances the production of soluble MICA in human hepatocellular carcinoma

Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 17:58:29 +0100

In this study, we investigated the immunoregulatory role of IL-1β in the production of soluble MICA of HCC cells. First, we investigated the correlation between the serum IL-1β levels and soluble MICA in CH patients. Serum IL-1β levels were associated with soluble MICA levels in CH patients. The serum IL-1β levels of CH patients with the HCC occurrence were significantly higher than those of CH patients without HCC. We next examined the MICA production of IL-1β-treated HCC cells. Addition of IL-1β resulted in significant increase in the production of soluble MICA in HepG2 and PLC/PRF/5 cells, human HCC cells. But soluble MICA was not detected in both non-treated and IL-1β-treated normal hepatocytes. Addition of IL-1β did not increase the expressions of membrane-bound MICA on ...

virtualcolon

About.com Colon Cancer — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

The virtual colonoscopy is a screening exam used to detect colon cancer. Learn more about this minimally invasive, fast test that detects colon cancer. (Source: About.com Colon Cancer)

Balancing oxaliplatin dose with neurological side effects in metastatic colon cancer

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(University of Colorado Denver) "Stop-and-go" dosing along with calcium and magnesium supplements reduce neurological side effects of oxaliplatin use with metastatic colon cancer patients. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

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TNF-α Induces Up-Regulation of EGFR Expression and Signaling in Human Colonic Myofibroblasts.

American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Yoo J, Rodriguez Perez CE, Nie W, Edwards RA, Sinnett-Smith J, Rozengurt E Abstract The myofibroblast has recently been identified as an important mediator of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)-associated colitis and cancer but the mechanism(s) involved remains incompletely understood. Recent evidence suggests that TNF-α is a central regulator of multiple inflammatory signaling cascades. One important target of TNF-α may be the signaling pathway downstream of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which has been associated with many human cancers. Here, we show that long-term exposure of 18Co cells, a model of human colonic myofibroblasts, with TNF-α led to a striking increase in cell surface EGFR expression, an effect that was completely inhibited by cycloheximide...

Orphan receptor TR3 participates in cisplatin-induced apoptosis via Chk2 phosphorylation to repress intestinal tumorigenesis

Carcinogenesis — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Cisplatin is a widely used antitumor agent that induces aggressive cancer cell death via triggering cellular proteins involved in apoptosis. Here, we demonstrate that cisplatin effectively induces orphan nuclear receptor TR3 phosphorylation by activating Chk2 kinase activity and promoting cross talk between these two proteins, thereby contributing to the repression of intestinal tumorigenesis via apoptosis. Mechanistic analysis has demonstrated that Chk2-induced phosphorylation enables TR3 to bind to its response elements on the promoters of the BRE and RNF-7 genes, leading to the negative regulation of these two anti-apoptotic genes. Furthermore, the induction of apoptosis by cisplatin is mediated by TR3, and knockdown of TR3 reduces cisplatin-induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells by 27...

Decorin-mediated inhibition of colorectal cancer growth and migration is associated with E-cadherin in vitro and in mice

Carcinogenesis — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Previous studies have shown that decorin expression is significantly reduced in colorectal cancer tissues and cancer cells, and genetic deletion of the decorin gene is sufficient to cause intestinal tumor formation in mice, resulting from a downregulation of p21, p27kip1 and E-cadherin and an upregulation of β-catenin signaling [Bi,X. et al. (2008) Genetic deficiency of decorin causes intestinal tumor formation through disruption of intestinal cell maturation. Carcinogenesis, 29, 1435–1440]. However, the regulation of E-cadherin by decorin and its implication in cancer formation and metastasis is largely unknown. Using a decorin knockout mouse model (Dcn–/– mice) and manipulated expression of decorin in human colorectal cancer cells, we found that E-cadherin, a prote...

Effects of S-adenosylmethionine and methylthioadenosine on inflammation-induced colon cancer in mice

Carcinogenesis — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, SAMe and MTA reduced inflammation-induced colon cancer and inhibited several pathways important in colon carcinogenesis. (Source: Carcinogenesis)

Screening Before Symptoms Key to Finding Colon Cancer Early

Government of Nova Scotia News Releases - Cancer Care Nova Scotia — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Forty-three per cent of Nova Scotians wrongly believe people should only be screened for cancer after they have symptoms, according to a survey released today, Feb. 2, by the Canadian Partnership Against Cancer. (Source: Government of Nova Scotia News Releases - Cancer Care Nova Scotia)

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Top Five Ways to Get Colon Cancer

About.com Colon Cancer — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

No, I didn't get the headline backwards. Many of us are aware of ways to decrease our colon cancer risk factors. However, sometimes we learn better when things are reframed for us. I extrapolated the absolute worst things you can do for your colon here. Don't take this organ for granted - it may get diseased if you don't care for it....Read Full Post (Source: About.com Colon Cancer)

Children’s becomes first hospital in New England to complete six organ transplant

Thrive, Children's Hospital Boston — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 15:57:55 +0100

The cover of today’s Boston Globe features the beaming face of Alannah Shevenell, a 9 year-old who will be heading home to Maine this morning after a three-month stay at Children’s Hospital Boston. For just under 100 days Alannah and her grandmother have been staying at Children’s while she received treatment for a rare and aggressive cancer that was compromising several of her internal organs. When all other treatments had failed, Heung Bae Kim, MD, director of Children’s Pediatric Transplant Center (PTC), suggested a multivisceral transplant that would remove Alannah’s tumor and replace the six organs that had been damaged by its presence. Under Kim’s guidance surgeons from Children’s PTC performed the 14-hour procedure. Once Alannah’s tumo...

Alcohol Consumption And Risk Of Colon Cancer In People With A Family History Of Such Cancer

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 08:00:00 +0100

A study based on more than 87,000 women and 47,000 men in the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, looks at whether there is a link between colon cancer and alcohol, and if so at what level of consumption, and the importance of a family history of the disease. A total of 1,801 cases of colon cancer were diagnosed during follow-up from 1980 onwards... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Evaluation of antigen specific recognition and cell mediated cytotoxicity by a modified lysispot assay in a rat colon carcinoma model

Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The assay proved to be highly sensitive and specific, detecting even low frequencies of cytotoxic/activated cells and providing the evaluation of cytokine-expressing T cells as well as the extent of cytotoxicity against the target cells as independent functions. This assay may represent an important tool to be adopted in experimental settings including the development of vaccines or immune therapeutic strategies (Source: Journal of Experimental and Clinical Cancer Research)

[News] Mixed messages from US cancer report

The Lancet Oncology — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

US mortality rates for lung, colon, breast and prostate cancer decreased between 1999 and 2008, but incidence increased for several less common cancers, according to the American Cancer Society's annual report. (Source: The Lancet Oncology)

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[Cancer and Society] Voices from the front: February

The Lancet Oncology — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

“I made him wear the helmet!” They were a long-married couple who had grown alike: two large mid-60 year olds. Struggling with metastatic colon cancer, he wore a colostomy. His treatments depleted him, but they were keeping his liver metastasis in control. She was always worrying by his side. They had planned his treatments carefully, so that for this weekend he would feel well. Their children helped them load their four-wheeler onto the truck and bring it to the edge of the wilderness. It was a beautiful crisp autumn day in the northeastern USA. (Source: The Lancet Oncology)

Milk fat globule membrane – a source of polar lipids for colon health?

International Journal of Dairy Technology — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

The milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) surrounds fat globules, protects them against lipolysis and disperses the milk fat in the milk plasma. Besides their structural and emulsifying roles, in vivo and in vitro studies have demonstrated that phospholipids and sphingolipids of MFGM possess cancer risk‐reducing properties. Several reports attribute its chemopreventive activity to products of sphingomyelin hydrolysis, which affect multiple cellular targets that control cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis. With knowledge on the potential health benefits of MFGM lipids and proteins, dairy industries could in the future address their research in developing new functional dairy products enriched in beneficial MFGM components. (Source: International Journal of Dairy Technology)

Genome-scale analysis of aberrant DNA methylation in colorectal cancer [RESEARCH]

Genome Research — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease in which unique subtypes are characterized by distinct genetic and epigenetic alterations. Here we performed comprehensive genome-scale DNA methylation profiling of 125 colorectal tumors and 29 adjacent normal tissues. We identified four DNA methylation–based subgroups of CRC using model-based cluster analyses. Each subtype shows characteristic genetic and clinical features, indicating that they represent biologically distinct subgroups. A CIMP-high (CIMP-H) subgroup, which exhibits an exceptionally high frequency of cancer-specific DNA hypermethylation, is strongly associated with MLH1 DNA hypermethylation and the BRAFV600E mutation. A CIMP-low (CIMP-L) subgroup is enriched for KRAS mutations and characterized by DNA hypermethylatio...

Unique DNA methylome profiles in CpG island methylator phenotype colon cancers [RESEARCH]

Genome Research — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

A subset of colorectal cancers was postulated to have the CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP), a higher propensity for CpG island DNA methylation. The validity of CIMP, its molecular basis, and its prognostic value remain highly controversial. Using MBD-isolated genome sequencing, we mapped and compared genome-wide DNA methylation profiles of normal, non-CIMP, and CIMP colon specimens. Multidimensional scaling analysis revealed that each specimen could be clearly classified as normal, non-CIMP, and CIMP, thus signifying that these three groups have distinctly different global methylation patterns. We discovered 3780 sites in various genomic contexts that were hypermethylated in both non-CIMP and CIMP colon cancers when compared with normal colon. An additional 2026 sites were found to b...

Sef Downregulation by Ras Causes MEK1/2 to Become Aberrantly Nuclear Localized Leading to Polyploidy and Neoplastic Transformation.

Cell Research — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In this study, we show how Ras activation causes aberrant nuclear localization of phosphorylated mitogen-activated protein (MAP)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK; MEK) MEK1/2 to drive neoplastic transformation. Phosphorylated MEK1/2 was aberrantly located within the nucleus of primary colorectal tumors and human colon cancer cells, and oncogenic activation of Ras was sufficient to induce nuclear accumulation of phosphorylated MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 in intestinal epithelial cells. Enforced nuclear localization of MEK1 in epithelial cells or fibroblasts was sufficient for hyperactivation of ERK1/2, thereby driving cell proliferation, chromosomal polyploidy, and tumorigenesis. Notably, Ras-induced nuclear accumulation of activated MEK1/2 was reliant on downregulation of the spatial regul...

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Piperonal ciprofloxacin hydrazone induces growth arrest and apoptosis of human hepatocarcinoma SMMC-7721 cells.

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion:QNT4 induced the apoptosis of SMMC-7721 cells via inhibiting topoisomerase II activity and modulating mitochondrial-dependent pathways. PMID: 22301863 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica)

A qualitative analysis of cancer-related fatigue in ambulatory oncology.

Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Borneman T, Piper BF, Koczywas M, Munevar CM, Sun V, Uman GC, Ferrell BR Abstract The purpose of this study was to describe patients' perceptions of the causes, relief, related symptoms, meaning, and suffering secondary to cancer-related fatigue (CRF). In total, 252 patients with breast, lung, colon, and prostate cancers were enrolled in a quasiexperimental study to test the effects of a clinical intervention on reducing barriers to symptom management in ambulatory care. Analysis of data reported in this article was derived from the Piper Fatigue Scale-Revised. Using qualitative research methods and content analysis, written statements related to the impact of CRF were coded using the following themes: patients' perceptions of CRF, causes, relief, related symptoms, meaning...

A proteomic profile of washing fluid from the colorectal tract to search for potential biomarkers of colon cancer

RSC - Mol. BioSyst. latest articles — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 14:49:04 +0100

Mol. BioSyst., 2012, Advance ArticleDOI: 10.1039/C2MB05394B, PaperLaura Giusti, Pietro Iacconi, Ylenia Da Valle, Federica Ciregia, Tiziana Ventroni, Elena Donadio, Gino Giannaccini, Massimo Chiarugi, Liborio Torregrossa, Agnese Proietti, Fulvio Basolo, Antonio LucacchiniWashing fluid (WF) from the colorectal tract might be a source of cellular and secreted proteins of tumours, as found for tissue samples, moreover, WF samples have allowed us to find new potential proteins involved in colorectal cancer.To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry (Source: RSC - Mol. BioSyst. latest articles)

Congressional Supporters of Science to Retire

Public Policy Reports — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 12:37:03 +0100

As the 2012 elections approach, more members of Congress are announcing their intention to withdraw from public life at the end of the 112th Congress. To date, 17 Representatives and 9 Senators plan to retire when the current session of Congress draws to a close. Among the soon to be retirees are several members who have been strong supporters of science. Representative Maurice Hinchey (D-NY) announced earlier this month that he plans to retire. Hinchey, who has served 10 terms in Congress, is a senior member of the House Appropriations Committee. In that role, he has defended federal investments in science. Hinchey has been treated for colon cancer, but recently was given a clean bill of health. Last week, Rep. Brad Miller (D-NC) announced that he will retire. He publically acknowledged...

Comparison of adverse events during 5‐fluorouracil versus 5‐fluorouracil/oxaliplatin adjuvant chemotherapy for stage III colon cancer

Cancer — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:The incremental harms of adjuvant chemotherapy with 5FU/oxaliplatin versus 5FU alone were modest in patients with stage III colon cancer who were insured by Medicare and Medicaid. The additional harms in patients aged ≥75 years largely were restricted to outpatient events and did not extend to an increased rate of hospitalization or early death. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society (Source: Cancer)

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A phase 1 trial of E7974 administered on day 1 of a 21‐day cycle in patients with advanced solid tumors

Cancer — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:This study shows that E7974 once every 21‐day cycle shows antitumor activity in patients with refractory solid tumors. The recommended phase 2 dose is 0.45 mg/m2. Cancer 2012. © 2012 American Cancer Society (Source: Cancer)

Sef Downregulation by Ras Causes MEK1/2 to Become Aberrantly Nuclear Localized Leading to Polyploidy and Neoplastic Transformation

Cancer Research — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Targeting Quiescent Tumor Cells via Oxygen and IGF-I Supplementation

Cancer Research — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In this study, we used a 3-dimensional tissue culture system to assay diffusible factors that can limit proliferation in the context of the tumor microenvironment, with the goal of identifying targets to heighten proliferative capacity in this setting. We found that supraphysiologic levels of insulin or insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I) in combination with oxygen supplementation were sufficient to initiate proliferation of quiescence cells in this system. At maximal induction with IGF-I, net tissue proliferation increased 3- to 4-fold in the system such that chemotherapy could trigger a 3- to 6-fold increase in cytotoxicity, compared with control conditions. These effects were confirmed in vivo in colon cancer xenograft models with demonstrations that IGF-I receptor stimulation was suff...

Brush border Myosin Ia has tumor suppressor activity in the intestine [Cell Biology]

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

The loss of the epithelial architecture and cell polarity/differentiation is known to be important during the tumorigenic process. Here we demonstrate that the brush border protein Myosin Ia (MYO1A) is important for polarization and differentiation of colon cancer cells and is frequently inactivated in colorectal tumors by genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. MYO1A frame-shift mutations were observed in 32% (37 of 116) of the colorectal tumors with microsatellite instability analyzed, and evidence of promoter methylation was observed in a significant proportion of colon cancer cell lines and primary colorectal tumors. The loss of polarization/differentiation resulting from MYO1A inactivation is associated with higher tumor growth in soft agar and in a xenograft model. In addition, the progre...

Induction of Colonic Aberrant Crypts in Mice by Feeding Apparent N-Nitroso Compounds Derived From Hot Dogs.

Nutrition and Cancer — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Davis ME, Lisowyj MP, Zhou L, Wisecarver JL, Gulizia JM, Shostrom VK, Naud N, Corpet DE, Mirvish SS Abstract Nitrite-preserved meats (e.g., hot dogs) may help cause colon cancer because they contain N-nitroso compounds. We tested whether purified hot-dog-derived total apparent N-nitroso compounds (ANC) could induce colonic aberrant crypts, which are putative precursors of colon cancer. We purified ANC precursors in hot dogs and nitrosated them to produce ANC. In preliminary tests, CF1 mice received 1 or 3 i.p. injections of 5 mg azoxymethane (AOM)/kg. In Experiments 1 and 2, female A/J mice received ANC in diet. In Experiment 1, ANC dose initially dropped sharply because the ANC precursors had mostly decomposed but, later in Experiment 1 and throughout Experiment 2, ANC re...

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Yerba mate tea kills colon cancer cells

NaturalNews.com — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 06:00:00 +0100

A recent scientific study found that yerba mate tea induces death in human colon cancer cells. Scientists discovered that in vitro cancer cells died when exposed to the bioactive compounds present in one cup of the beverage long valued for its medicinal properties by... (Source: NaturalNews.com)

Alcohol consumption and risk of colon cancer in people with a family history of such cancer

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Boston University Medical Center) A study based on more than 87,000 women and 47,000 men in the Nurses' Health Study and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study, looks at whether there is a link between colon cancer and alcohol, and if so at what level of consumption, and the importance of a family history of the disease. A total of 1,801 cases of colon cancer were diagnosed during follow-up from 1980 onwards. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Mutant Colon Ca May Respond to BRAF-EGFR Inhibition (CME/CE)

MedPage Today Hematology/Oncology — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 20:15:00 +0100

(MedPage Today) -- An unexpected feedback mechanism in cell signaling pathways may explain why some colorectal cancers don’t respond to a drug that theoretically should work, researchers reported. (Source: MedPage Today Hematology/Oncology)

Experts recommend genetic counseling for young sarcoma patients

Thrive, Children's Hospital Boston — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 13:41:39 +0100

Genetic testing may help sarcoma patients and their famlies know their risk of other cancers later in life If your child is diagnosed with a sarcoma—a tumor in connective tissue like muscles or bones—it’s natural to become totally focused on his immediate recovery. But what if beating sarcoma wasn’t the only time your child might face cancer? Data shows that there is a link between sarcomas and Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a rare condition that raises a person’s risk of developing one or more cancers to as high as 85 percent. Cancers typically diagnosed in patients with Li-Fraumeni syndrome include breast cancer, sarcomas, brain tumors, acute leukemia and adrenal cortical carcinoma. Recently, the list has been expanded to include colon cancer and stomach cancer. Li-Fraumeni syndrome m...

Neurolytic transversus abdominis plane block in the palliative treatment of intractable abdominal wall pain

Journal of Clinical Anesthesia — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:15:49 +0100

Abstract: A 45 year old man with metastatic colon cancer presented with uncontrollable abdominal wall pain. Transversus abdominis plane (TAP) block with ropivacaine and methylprednisolone was performed with excellent pain relief, which allowed a significant weaning of the patient's opioid requirements. A second TAP block was performed with a 33% ethanol solution (ethanol and ropivacaine) with excellent pain relief. The neurolytic block appeared to offer better pain control for more than 5 days after placement until the patient finally succumbed to his illness. (Source: Journal of Clinical Anesthesia)

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Too Few Americans Getting Screened for Common Cancers: CDC

Cancercompass News: Breast Cancer — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

National targets for breast, cervical and colon malignancies still not being met (Source: Cancercompass News: Breast Cancer)

Physiological and pathological role of local and immigrating colonic stem cells.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Sipos F, Valcz G, Molnár B Abstract The latest avenue of research is revealing the existence of and role for the colonic stem cells in the physiological renewal of the mucosa and in pathological circumstances where they have both positive and negative effects. In the case of human colon, different levels of stem cell compartments exist. First, the crypt epithelial stem cells, which have a role in the normal crypt epithelial cell dynamics and in colorectal carcinogenesis. Close to the crypts, the second layer of stem cells can be found; the local subepithelial stem cell niche, including the pericryptic subepithelial myofibroblasts that regulate the epithelial cell differentiation and have a crucial role in cancer progression and chronic inflammation-related fibrosis. The t...

Sequential biphasic changes in claudin1 and claudin4 expression are correlated to colorectal cancer progression and liver metastasis

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 21:50:34 +0100

In conclusion, sequential biphasic changes in claudin1 and claudin4 expression occur during the homing of rat CC531 CRC cells to the liver. This modulation is reflected by significant changes in claudin expression in human primary and metastatic CRC. (Source: Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine)

CDC: Too few Americans getting screened for common cancers

USATODAY.com Health — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 14:54:02 +0100

The number of Americans being screened for colon, breast and cervical cancers still fall below national targets, health officials said. (Source: USATODAY.com Health)

Long-Term Survival Benefits in Colon Cancer With OxaliplatinLong-Term Survival Benefits in Colon Cancer With Oxaliplatin

Medscape Today Headlines — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 14:16:23 +0100

A capecitabine/oxaliplatin regimen significantly improves survival in stage III colon cancer, compared with 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin, even 7 years after treatment. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

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A simple immunohistochemical algorithm predicts the risk of distant metastases in right‐sided colon cancer

Histopathology — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:24:10 +0100

Conclusions: By the use of three markers, this algorithm allowed identification of subgroups of right‐sided CC patients with extremely high and extremely low risk of distant metastases. (Source: Histopathology)

Effect of endostatin on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-induced colon tumor in mice

Toxicology and Industrial Health current issue — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Endostatin, one of the most potent negative regulators of angiogenesis, is naturally occurring as an inhibitor of angiogenesis capable of inhibiting tumor growth and their metastases. We aimed to investigate the in vivo activities of low dose of recombinant human endostatin on 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced mice colon cancer. Thirty male Balb-c mice were injected with DMH (20 mg/kg/week) subcutaneously once a week for 12 weeks to induce colon cancer. Twelve weeks after the last DMH injection, 7 µg rh-endostatin was injected every day for 6 weeks. The animals were killed after 30 weeks for histopathological examination. The weight of the animals, tumor inhibition rates, death rates and the distribution of the lesions in colon were evaluated after the mice were killed. The mean co...

Association of Obesity With DNA Mismatch Repair Status and Clinical Outcome in Patients With Stage II or III Colon Carcinoma Participating in NCCTG and NSABP Adjuvant Chemotherapy Trials [Gastrointestinal Cancer]

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion Colon cancers from obese patients are less likely to show dMMR, suggesting obesity-related differences in the pathogenesis of colon cancer. Although obesity was independently associated with adverse outcome, the favorable prognostic impact of dMMR was maintained among obese patients. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

Antitumor efficacy of oncolytic herpes simplex virus adsorbed onto antigen-specific lymphocytes

Cancer Gene Therapy — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: A Kanzaki, H Kasuya, K Yamamura, T T Sahin, N Nomura, T Shikano, T Shirota, G Tan, S Fukuda, M Misawa, Y Nishikawa, S Yamada, T Fujii, H Sugimoto, S Nomoto, S Takeda, Y Kodera & A Nakao (Source: Cancer Gene Therapy)

The clinical significance of incidental intra-abdominal findings on positron emission tomography performed to investigate pulmonary nodules

World Journal of Surgical Oncology — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Incidental abdominal findings in the colon on FDG-PET scan for work-up of pulmonary nodules need to be further investigated by colonoscopy. (Source: World Journal of Surgical Oncology)

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Colorectal Serrated Adenocarcinoma shows a different profile of oncogene mutations, MSI status and DNA repair protein expression compared to Conventional and Sporadic MSI‐H carcinomas

International Journal of Cancer — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractMolecular characterization has been extensively studied in serrated polyps but very little is known in serrated adenocarcinomas (SACs). We analyzed the incidence of KRAS, BRAF and PIK3CA mutations, microsatellite instability (MSI) status and loss of the DNA repair proteins MLH1, MSH2, MSH6 and MGMT in a series of 89 SAC, 81 matched conventional carcinomas (CC) and 13 sporadic colorectal cancer showing histological and molecular features of high‐level MSI (sMSI‐H). Our results demonstrate that KRAS are more prevalent than BRAF mutations in SAC (42.7% vs. 25.8%;p=0.011) being the KRAS‐mutated cases even more abundant in SAC displaying adjacent serrated adenomas (51%). G12D and E545K are the most common KRAS and PIK3CA mutations found in SAC respectively. SAC show higher frequen...

Optical imaging of MMP expression and cancer progression in an inflammation‐induced colon cancer model

International Journal of Cancer — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe purpose of this study was to use a near‐infrared (NIR) fluorescent cyclic His‐Try‐Gly‐Phe peptide to characterize and image the expressions of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), which are correlated with cancer promotion, in an inflammation‐induced colorectal cancer (ICRC) model. We explored the relationship between the development of colon cancer and the expression of MMPs at the same colonic sites in ICRC models. To develop ICRC models, mice were administered a single intraperitoneal dose (10 mg/kg) of azoxymethane (AOM) and exposed orally to 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) for one week. MMP‐2 expression and β‐catenin activation in colonic lesions were characterized by immunohistochemical (IHC) staining. After being treated with inducers for some time, cancerous...

Age Patterns of Incidence of Geriatric Disease in the U.S. Elderly Population: Medicare‐Based Analysis

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionThe developed computational approaches applied to the nationally representative Medicare‐based data sets allow reconstruction of age patterns of disease incidence in the U.S. elderly population at the national level with unprecedented statistical accuracy and stability with respect to systematic biases. (Source: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society)

Anti-VEGFR2 Inhibitor Shows No Clinical Benefit in Colon CancerAnti-VEGFR2 Inhibitor Shows No Clinical Benefit in Colon Cancer

Medscape Today Headlines — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:27:45 +0100

Adding brivanib alaninate to cetuximab has few clinical benefits in metastatic colon cancer, and high toxicity compromises both efficacy and quality of life. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Cancer Screening Falls Short, CDC Says (CME/CE)

MedPage Today Infectious Disease — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 21:43:04 +0100

(MedPage Today) -- Large numbers of Americans who should have screening exams for breast, colon, and cervical cancer are not getting them, government researchers said. (Source: MedPage Today Infectious Disease)

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US Cancer Screenings Not Meeting Goals, Says CDCUS Cancer Screenings Not Meeting Goals, Says CDC

Medscape Today Headlines — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 18:41:36 +0100

Testing for cancer of the breast, cervix, and colon/rectum is recommended. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Too Few Americans Getting Screened for Common Cancers

MedlinePlus Health News — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 17:00:00 +0100

National targets for breast, cervical and colon malignancies still not being metSource: HealthDay Related MedlinePlus Pages: Cancer, Health Disparities, Health Screening (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

Cocoa Could Prevent Intestinal Pathologies Such As Colon Cancer

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 08:00:00 +0100

A new study on living animals has shown for the first time that eating cocoa (the raw material in chocolate) can help to prevent intestinal complaints linked to oxidative stress, including colon carcinogenesis onset caused by chemical substances. The growing interest amongst the scientific community to identify those foods capable of preventing diseases has now categorized cocoa as a 'superfood'. It has been recognised as an excellent source of phytochemical compounds, which offer potential health benefits... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Clinical features of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) found in 110 nephrectomized Japanese, of which 24 (22%) RCC cases showed 31 double or triple cancers

Comparative Clinical Pathology — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 06:44:01 +0100

Abstract The causes of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) were investigated in 115 nephrectomized Japanese. Among them, 110 nephrectomized Japanese had RCC as follows: 86 clear cell RCC, 8 papillary RCC, 8 chromophobe RCC, 7 dialytic–multicystic RCC, and 1 liposarcoma, while 5 nephrectomized Japanese had benign renal tumors of oncocytoma (1), angiomyolipoma (2), and hemangioma (2). In the eight chromophobe RCC, three cases that resulted in death involved medullary RCC showing extensive oncogenic features. Double or triple cancers were found in 17 clear cell RCC, 5 papillary RCC, 1 chromophobe RCC, and 1 dialytic–multicystic RCC. Among 31 non-RCC found in 24 RCC cases, 23(74%) non-RCC were removed prenephrectomy. Prenephrectomy adenocarcinoma and postnephrectomy squamous cell c...

Too Few Americans Getting Screened for Common Cancers: CDC

The Doctors Lounge - Gastroenterology — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

National targets for breast, cervical and colon malignancies still not being met (Source: The Doctors Lounge - Gastroenterology)

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EGFR regulation of colon cancer stem-like cells during aging and in response to the colonic carcinogen dimethylhydrazine.

American Journal of Physiology. Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Nautiyal J, Du J, Yu Y, Kanwar SS, Levi E, Majumdar AP Abstract One of the most consistent pathological conditions in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract with advancing age is malignancy, particularly GI cancers, the incidence of which increases sharply with aging. Although the reasons for the age-related rise in colorectal cancer are not fully understood, we hypothesize that aging increases susceptibility of the colon to carcinogen(s)/toxicant(s) leading to an increase in cancer stem-like cells (CSLCs) that express cancer stem cell markers, in the colonic mucosa. The current study demonstrates that aging is associated with increased expression of several colon CSLC markers: CD44, CD166 and ALDH-1 and a higher proportion of cells expressing these markers. Aging is also accompa...

'Real World' Efficacy of Oxaliplatin for Colon Cancer 'Real World' Efficacy of Oxaliplatin for Colon Cancer

Medscape Today Headlines — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 18:19:13 +0100

Adding oxaliplatin to adjuvant 5-fluorouracil for stage III colon cancer works just as well in real-world community settings as it does in meticulously done randomized clinical trials. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Oxaliplatin for Colon Cancer: 'Real-World' ResultsOxaliplatin for Colon Cancer: 'Real-World' Results

Medscape Today Headlines — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 18:19:13 +0100

Oxaliplatin Improves Colon Cancer Survival Rates

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 17:00:00 +0100

An investigation published Jan. 20 in The Journal of the National Cancer Institute reveals that individuals in the general population with stage III colon cancer showed improved survival rates when they were administered with 5-fluorouracil (5FU), a commonly used cancer treatment, in combination with oxaliplatin. Colon cancer is one of the leading causes for illness and death worldwide. In 2011, an estimated 101,340 individuals in the U.S. were affected by the disease. Approximately one-third of individuals are diagnosed with stage III or node-positive colon cancer... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Oxaliplatin improves colon cancer survival

Pharmacy Europe — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 10:19:00 +0100

Survival in stage III patients improved in hospital setting as well as clinical trials (Source: Pharmacy Europe)

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Cell Death Induced In Colon Cancer Cells By Compounds In Mate Tea

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 08:00:00 +0100

Could preventing colon cancer be as simple as developing a taste for yerba mate tea? In a recent University of Illinois study, scientists showed that human colon cancer cells die when they are exposed to the approximate number of bioactive compounds present in one cup of this brew, which has long been consumed in South America for its medicinal properties. "The caffeine derivatives in mate tea not only induced death in human colon cancer cells, they also reduced important markers of inflammation," said Elvira de Mejia, a U of I associate professor of food chemistry and food toxicology... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Spermine synthase overexpression in vivo does not increase susceptibility to DMBA/TPA skin carcinogenesis or Min-Apc intestinal tumorigenesis.

Cancer Biology and Therapy — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 21:12:20 +0100

Authors: Welsh P, Sass-Kuhn S, Prakashagowda C, McCloskey D, Feith D Abstract Numerous studies have demonstrated a link between elevated polyamine biosynthesis and neoplastic growth, but the specific contribution of spermine synthase to epithelial tumor development has never been explored in vivo. Mice with widespread overexpression of spermine synthase (CAG-SpmS) exhibit decreased spermidine levels, increased spermine and a significant rise in tissue spermine:spermidine ratio. We characterized the response of CAG-SpmS mice to two-stage skin chemical carcinogenesis as well as spontaneous intestinal carcinogenesis induced by loss of the Apc tumor suppressor in ApcMin/+ (Min) mice. CAG-SpmS mice maintained the canonical increases in ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) activity, polyamine c...

ER Presentation Not the End for Colon Cancer Patients

MedPage Today Emergency Medicine — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 19:50:00 +0100

SAN FRANCISCO (MedPage Today) -- Curative therapy is still a possibility, even if a colon cancer patient is seen for the first time in the emergency department with acute symptoms, researchers said here. (Source: MedPage Today Emergency Medicine)

High expression of CXCR2 is associated with tumorigenesis, progression, and prognosis of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Medical Oncology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 18:13:16 +0100

Abstract The laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most common cancers threatening people’s life. CXC-chemokine receptor type 2 (CXCR2) was reported to play critical roles in angiogenesis, tumorigenesis, and metastasis of several cancers such as colon cancer, melanoma, lung cancer, and so on. However, the expression of CXCR2 in LSCC and its association with clinical characters of LSCC remain unclear. Quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR and immunohistochemistry were used, respectively, to analyze the mRNA level and protein level of CXCR2 in 109 cases of LSCC tissues and 28 cases of tumor-adjacent normal tissues. The expression of CXCR2 in LSCC was significantly higher than that in tumor-adjacent tissues. Moreover, the expression level of CXCR...

Haploinsufficiency of SGO1 results in deregulated centrosome dynamics, enhanced chromosomal instability and colon tumorigenesis.

Cell Cycle — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 09:52:38 +0100

We report here the generation and characterization of SGO1-mutant mice and show that haploinsufficiency of SGO1 leads to enhanced colonic tumorigenesis. Complete disruption of SGO1 results in embryonic lethality, whereas SGO1 (+/-) mice are viable and fertile. Haploinsufficiency of SGO1 results in genomic instability manifested as missegregation of chromosomes and formation of extra centrosomal foci in both murine embryonic fibroblasts and adult bone marrow cells. Enhanced CIN observed in SGO1-deficient mice resulted in an increase in formation of aberrant crypt foci (ACF) and accelerated development of tumors after exposure to azoxymethane (AOM), a colon carcinogen. Together, these results suggest that haploinsufficiency of SGO1 causes enhanced CIN, colonic preneoplastic lesions and tumor...

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p53 is not directly relevant to the response of Polo-like kinase 1 inhibitors.

Cell Cycle — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 09:52:05 +0100

In this study, we demonstrate that there is no obvious different cytotoxic response between cancer cells with and without functional p53, including the isogenic colon cancer cell lines HCT116p53(+/+) and HCT116p53(-/-), breast cancer cell line MCF7, lung cancer cell line A549 and cervical carcinoma cell line HeLa, after treatment with either siRNA against Plk1, the kinase domain inhibitors BI 2536 and BI 6727 or the PBD inhibitor Poloxin. We suggest that the p53 status is not a predictor for the response of Plk1 inhibition, at least not directly. Yet, the long-term outcomes of losing p53, such as genome instability, could be associated with the cytotoxicity of Plk1 inhibition. Further studies are required to investigate whether other circumstances of cancer cells, such as DNA replication/d...

Log Odds of Positive Lymph Nodes in Colon Cancer: A Meaningful Ratio-based Lymph Node Classification System

World Journal of Surgery — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:55:27 +0100

Discussion The LODDS system is a highly reliable staging system with strong predictive ability for patient outcome. Compared with other nodal staging systems, the prognostic power of LODDS is less influenced by the number of lymph nodes dissected and examined. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00268-011-1415-xAuthors Roberto Persiani, General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Catholic University, Rome, ItalyFerdinando C. M. Cananzi, General Surgery Unit, Department of Surgery, Catholic University, Rome, ItalyAlberto Biondi, Emergency and General Surgery Unit, Fondazione IRCCS “Ca’ Granda” Policlinico Maggiore, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122 Milan, ItalyGiuseppe Paliani, Digestive Endoscopy Unit, “Umberto I” Hospital, Frosinone, ItalyAndre...

The interaction between CD44 on tumour cells and hyaluronan under physiologic flow conditions: implications for metastasis formation

Histochemistry and Cell Biology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:26:56 +0100

Abstract The adhesion of tumour cells to the endothelial cells of blood vessels of the microcirculation represents a crucial step in haematogenous metastasis formation. Similar to leukocyte extravasation, selectins mediate initial tumour cell rolling on endothelium. An additional mechanism of leukocyte adhesion to endothelial cells is mediated by hyaluronan (HA). However, data on the interaction of tumour cells with hyaluronan under shear stress are lacking. The expression of the hyaluronan binding protein CD44 on tumour cell surfaces was evaluated using flow cytometry. The adhesion of tumour cells to HA with regard to adhesive events and rolling velocity was determined in flow assays in the human small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines SW2, H69, H82, OH1 and OH3, the col...

Hepatic colorectal cancer metastases showing a distinctive pattern of pathological response after metronomic capecitabine and bevacizumab

Medical Oncology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 06:54:27 +0100

Abstract A 48-year-old man was referred to our hospital with the diagnosis of colon cancer with multiple hepatic metastases. After right hemicolectomy, the rapid progression of liver disease was treated with metronomic capecitabine and bevacizumab according to a study protocol. A gradual regression of metastatic lesions was observed during a 9-month treatment period. After conversion of liver disease to resectability, the histological examination disclosed the complete necrosis of all lesions, with the exception of small neoplastic foci inside a single nodule. The comparison of this type of histological findings with the classic sclero-hyaline pathological response, as well as its importance as indicator of response to antiangiogenic treatment, is discussed. Content Ty...

Colorectal cancer screening of high-risk populations: A national survey of physicians

BMC Research Notes — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: There is a lack of knowledge amongst physicians of the screening guidelines for high-risk populations, based on family history and ethnicity. Educational programs to improve physician knowledge and to reduce perceived barriers to CRC screening are warranted to address health disparities in colorectal cancer. (Source: BMC Research Notes)

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Cocoa could prevent intestinal pathologies such as colon cancer

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(FECYT - Spanish Foundation for Science and Technology) A new study on living animals has shown for the first time that eating cocoa (the raw material in chocolate) can help to prevent intestinal complaints linked to oxidative stress, including colon carcinogenesis onset caused by chemical substances. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Intracranial hemorrhage in patients with cancer treated with bevacizumab: the Memorial Sloan-Kettering experience

Annals of Oncology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: ICH with bevacizumab treatment in this population is rare and does not appear to increase its frequency over the baseline rate of ICH in a comparable population. Most bevacizumab-related ICH occurs into central nervous system tumors but spontaneous hemorrhages were seen. (Source: Annals of Oncology)

Association between body mass index and the colorectal cancer risk in Japan: pooled analysis of population-based cohort studies in Japan

Annals of Oncology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: We found significant association between BMI and colorectal cancer risk by pooling of data from cohort studies with considerable number of subjects among Japanese population. This information is important in cancer control planning, especially in Asian population. (Source: Annals of Oncology)

Dietary cholesterol intake and cancer

Annals of Oncology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Our findings add to the evidence that high cholesterol intake is linked to increased risk of various cancers. A diet low in cholesterol may play a role in the prevention of several cancers. (Source: Annals of Oncology)

Common genetic variants in the 8q24 region and risk of papillary thyroid cancer

The Laryngoscope — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions:Our findings do not support a strong association between SNPs in the 8q24 chromosomal region and risk of sporadic PTC, but several SNPs with small effects might exist. (Source: The Laryngoscope)

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[Influence of Mucinous and Signet-Ring Cell Differentiation on Epidemiological, Histological, Molecular Biological Features, and Outcome in Patients with Colorectal Carcinoma.]

Zentralblatt fur Chirurgie — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: However, it should be noted that most of the results come from studies with a very low number of patients which can be attributed to the low incidence of mucinous and signet-ring cell CRC. Based on the findings of the present analysis, a more radical surgical approach should be considered providing that the exact preoperative histology is available. Furthermore, the histological subtype should be taken into account in future chemotherapy trials to avoid unnecessary therapy. A closer follow-up, especially for patients with signet-ring cell CRC should be discussed. In the near future, a more tailored therapy in patients with colorectal cancer would be highly desirable. PMID: 22274919 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Zentralblatt fur Chirurgie)

Colostomy Blues?

About.com Colon Cancer — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

One method used to treat colon cancer is surgery, which may entail a colon resection with a colostomy. Image © A.D.A.M. Following your surgery, an ostomy nurse, also referred to as an enterostomal therapy nurse (ET nurse), will come to you in the hospital and walk you through stoma care. Before you leave, you will gain the technical proficiency to empty, change and irrigate your colostomy - but that is not where the healing ends. After arriving home, you may face feelings of discouragement, isolation and even frustration according to the dietary restrictions or have special considerations?...Read Full Post (Source: About.com Colon Cancer)

Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Anticancer, and Antimicrobial Properties of Some Metal(II) Complexes of (Substituted) Nitrophenol Schiff Base

Advances in Pharmacological Sciences — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 18:36:31 +0100

The Schiff base, 2-[(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-4-ylimino)methyl]-5-nitrophenol coordinates to Mn(II), Cu(II), Zn(II), and Pd(II) ions through the phenolic O and imine N atoms. The complexes are characterized by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods. The metal complexes formed as [ML2]xH2O with exception of the Cu(II) complex which is anhydrous. Spectroscopic data corroborate the adoption of a four-coordinate, tetrahedral geometry for the Mn(II), and Zn(II) complexes, and a four-coordinate, square planar geometry for the Cu(II) and Pd(II) complexes. None is an electrolyte in DMSO. The in vitro anticancer activities of the metal free ligand, Cu(II), Zn(II), and Pd(II) complexes against MCF-7 (human breast adenocarcinoma) and HT-29 (colon carcinoma) cells reveal that the Pd(II) complex has the...

Colon Cancer Survival Improved With Use Of Oxaliplatin

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 18:00:00 +0100

In 2011, about 101,340 Americans have been diagnosed with colon cancer, a leading worldwide cause of both illness and death, with around one third of cancers being diagnosed as stage III, or node-positive disease. A study published in the January issue of The Journal of the National Cancer Institute reveals that patients with Stage III colon cancer have an improved rate of survival if they receive an adjuvant treatment of oxaliplatin added to 5-fluorouracil (5FU)... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Does fruit and veg chemical fight cancer?

NHS News Feed — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 17:15:00 +0100

Conclusion This research studied luteolin, which is a plant compound that can reduce growth and induce death of bowel cancer cells in the laboratory. The research seems to have pinpointed the specific signalling pathway through which this occurs. It did not, however, examine the impact of luteolin-rich diets on bowel cancer in people, and based on these results it cannot be assumed that eating vegetables containing this compound can prevent or slow cancer. Laboratory-based studies carried out in cells are a necessary first step in identifying a potential new disease treatment. The mechanism through which luteolin may prevent cancer cell growth has been identified, and the next step would be further studies in animals. If these animal studies suggest that luteolin is safe and beneficial, li...

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Compounds in mate tea induce death in colon cancer cells, in vitro study shows

ScienceDaily Headlines — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 16:55:55 +0100

In a recent study, scientists showed that human colon cancer cells die when they are exposed to the approximate number of bioactive compounds present in one cup of mate tea, which has long been consumed in South America for its medicinal properties. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)

NO16968: Xelox improved 7-year OS in advanced colon cancer

HemOncToday.com — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 15:14:00 +0100

(Source: HemOncToday.com)

39% of lung cancer patients STILL smoking within a year of diagnosis, say researchers

the Mail online | Health — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 14:49:27 +0100

The survey by researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital, also found that 14 per cent of colon cancer patients admitted they still lit up after their results. (Source: the Mail online | Health)

Chomping on carrots and celery ¿could ward off colon cancer¿

the Mail online | Health — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 10:45:39 +0100

Korean researchers found that luteolin - a flavanoid, or antioxidant, found in fruit and vegetables - can block cell signal pathways vital for the cancer's growth. (Source: the Mail online | Health)

Colon Cancer Patient Survival Improved By Oxaliplatin

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 09:00:00 +0100

Stage III colon cancer patients in the general population who receive adjuvant treatment for the disease have an improved rate of survival when oxaliplatin is added to 5-fluorouracil (5FU), according to a study published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Colon cancer is a leading global cause of both illness and death; with an estimated 101,340 cases among Americans in 2011. Roughly one third of diagnoses are stage III or node-positive disease... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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A Cause Of Resistance To Colon Cancer Treatment Identified

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 09:00:00 +0100

Doctors and researchers of Hospital del Mar and its research institute, the IMIM, have lead a study describing a new pharmacological resistance to cancer. This new mechanism is a mutation in an oncogene called EGFR (epidermal growth factor receptor) causing resistance to treatment using a drug called cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody which specifically attacks the EGFR. The study proves that, both in lab models and in patients with colon cancer, this mutation appears during the disease and that, when this happens, it stops the drug from being effective and the tumor grows... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Luteolin, A Plant Flavonoid, Blocks Cell Signaling Pathways In Colon Cancer Cells

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 08:00:00 +0100

Luteolin is a flavonoid commonly found in fruit and vegetables. This compound has been shown in laboratory conditions to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties but results from epidemiological studies have been less certain. New research published in BioMed Central's open access journal BMC Gastroenterology shows that luteolin is able to inhibit the activity of cell signaling pathways (IGF and PI3K) important for the growth of cancer in colon cancer cells. Colon cancer is the second most frequent cause of cancer-related death in the Western World... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

More Evidence for Oxaliplatin as Colon Cancer Chemotherapy

MedicineNet Cancer General — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 07:00:00 +0100

Title: More Evidence for Oxaliplatin as Colon Cancer ChemotherapyCategory: Health NewsCreated: 1/20/2012 6:06:00 PMLast Editorial Review: 1/23/2012 (Source: MedicineNet Cancer General)

Compounds in mate tea induce death in colon cancer cells

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences) In a recent University of Illinois study, scientists showed that human colon cancer cells die when they are exposed to the approximate number of bioactive compounds present in one cup of mate tea, which has long been consumed in South America for its medicinal properties."The caffeine derivatives in mate tea not only induced death in human colon cancer cells, they also reduced important markers of inflammation," said Elvira de Mejia, a U of I associate professor of food chemistry and food toxicology. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Luteolin decreases IGF-II production and downregulates insulin-like growth factor-I receptor signaling in HT-29 human colon cancer cells

BMC Gastroenterology — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Luteolin, a flavonoid found in fruits and vegetables, reduces insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) signaling in colon cancer cells, suggesting that this mechanism may contribute to luteolin-induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. (Source: BMC Gastroenterology)

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The value of CDX2 and cytokeratins 7 and 20 expression in differentiating colorectal adenocarcinomas from extraintestinal gastrointestinal adenocarcinomas: cytokeratin 7/20+ phenotype is more spesific than CDX2 antibody

Diagnostic Pathology — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Both the CK7/CK20+ phenotype and expression of the antibody CDX2 are highly specific and sensitive markers of colorectal origin. CDX2 expression should be a useful adjunct for the diagnosis of intestinal adenocarcinomas, particularly when better established markers such as CK7 and CK20 yield equivocal results. The CK7/CK20+ phenotype is superior in its specificity and positive predictive value and might be preferred.Virtual slides:The virtual slide(s) for this article can be found here:http://www.diagnosticpathology.diagnomx.eu/vs/4851011866354821 (Source: Diagnostic Pathology)

Strategies for Reducing Colorectal Cancer Among Blacks [Commentary]

Archives of Internal Medicine — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Archives of Internal Medicine)

Novel microtubule-targeted agent 6-chloro-4-(methoxyphenyl) coumarin induces G(2)-M arrest and apoptosis in HeLa cells.

Acta Pharmacologica Sinica — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion:6-Chloro-4-(methoxyphenyl) coumarin is a novel microtubule-targeting agent that induces G(2)-M arrest and apoptosis in HeLa cells. PMID: 22266726 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica)

Some Cancer Patients Continue to Smoke After Diagnosis

RWJF News Digest - Public Health — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

According to new data, published in the online version of the journal CANCER, researchers have found a large number of colon and lung cancer patients did not give up smoking, even though they knew it was not good for them. (Source: RWJF News Digest - Public Health)

When Cancer Patients Don't Quit Smoking...

About.com Cancer — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

I read an interesting study this morning about smokers who continue to smoke despite being diagnosed with cancer. A study featured in the medical journal Cancer analyzed data from lung and colon cancer patients and the results were not exactly encouraging. Researchers studied 5,300 lung and colon cancer patients and found that many smokers continue to smoke, even though they knew it was especially crucial during treatment....Read Full Post (Source: About.com Cancer)

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Plant flavonoid luteolin blocks cell signaling pathways in colon cancer cells

ScienceDaily Headlines — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 01:12:12 +0100

Luteolin is a flavonoid commonly found in fruit and vegetables. This compound has been shown in laboratory conditions to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties but results from epidemiological studies have been less certain. New research shows that luteolin is able to inhibit the activity of cell signaling pathways (IGF and PI3K) important for the growth of cancer in colon cancer cells. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)

More Evidence for Oxaliplatin as Colon Cancer Chemotherapy

Cancercompass News: Colorectal Cancer — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Adding the drug to standard regimen improved survival in new group of patients (Source: Cancercompass News: Colorectal Cancer)

Adjuvant Oxaliplatin Confers Survival Benefit in Colon Ca (CME/CE)

MedPage Today Gastroenterology — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 18:00:00 +0100

(MedPage Today) -- Among community-based colon cancer patients, the addition of oxaliplatin to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) in the adjuvant treatment setting may offer better survival, according to a retrospective analysis. (Source: MedPage Today Gastroenterology)

Identified a cause of resistance to colon cancer treatment

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute)) Spanish scientists point to an acquired mutation during treatment as the causative mechanism of therapeutic failure.This discovery leads to new perspectives to improve the efficiency of treatments, the survival of patients and to advance in customized treatments against cancer. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Plant flavonoid luteolin blocks cell signaling pathways in colon cancer cells

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(BioMed Central) Luteolin is a flavonoid commonly found in fruit and vegetables. This compound has been shown in laboratory conditions to have anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-cancer properties but results from epidemiological studies have been less certain. New research published in BioMed Central's open access journal BMC Gastroenterology shows that luteolin is able to inhibit the activity of cell signaling pathways (IGF and PI3K) important for the growth of cancer in colon cancer cells. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

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Effect of Peritoneal Lavage with Clindamycin-Gentamicin Solution on Infections after Elective Colorectal Cancer Surgery

Journal of the American College of Surgeons — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 10:57:32 +0100

Conclusions: Antibiotic lavage of the peritoneum is associated with a lower incidence of intra-abdominal abscesses and wound infections. (Source: Journal of the American College of Surgeons)

Use of computed tomography colonography to detect a synchronous early colorectal cancer in a patient with obstructive colorectal tumour

Surgical Practice — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 10:52:13 +0100

In patients with obstructive colorectal cancer, it is difficult to evaluate the oral site of the large bowel by colonoscopy. Instead of colonoscopy, previous studies have shown that computed tomography (CT) colonography is effective for detection of neoplastic lesions in the large bowel. In the present case, we carried out CT colonography and found superficial early cancer at the oral side of the obstructive cancer, and carried out surgical resection for both lesions. A 60‐year‐old man was admitted with complaints of abdominal pain and distension. Total colonoscopy could not be carried out because of the stricture of the lesion. To evaluate the proximal site of the large bowel, we carried out CT colonography, which showed a superficial lesion in the transverse colon suggestive of early...

Asanas for Your Colon?

About.com Colon Cancer — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Well before Valium or Angry Birds, our ancestors probably used basic breathing (remember when your mom told you to count to 10?) to mitigate their stress levels. Yoga is the marriage of healthful breaths and poses, known as asanas, used to harmonize your mind, body and spirit while decreasing stress and promoting a relaxed state....Read Full Post (Source: About.com Colon Cancer)

More Evidence for Oxaliplatin as Colon Cancer Chemotherapy

The Doctors Lounge - Health News — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 22:00:00 +0100

Adding the drug to standard regimen improved survival in new group of patients (Source: The Doctors Lounge - Health News)

Impact of chemotherapy-related prognostic factors on long-term survival in patients with stage III colorectal cancer after curative resection

International Journal of Clinical Oncology — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 07:06:37 +0100

Conclusions The appropriate duration of therapy and early chemotherapy after surgery were 2 of the most important factors in eradicating occult cancer and effecting long-term survival benefits in patients with stage III colorectal cancer. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-12DOI 10.1007/s10147-011-0370-8Authors Wen-Sy Tsai, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsing St., Kueishan, Taoyuan, 333 TaiwanPao-Shiu Hsieh, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsing St., Kueishan, Taoyuan, 333 TaiwanChien-Yuh Yeh, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu-Hsing St., Kueishan, Taoyuan, 333 TaiwanJy-Ming Chiang, Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, C...

Study showed oxaliplatin improved colon cancer patient survival

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Journal of the National Cancer Institute) Stage III colon cancer patients in the general population who receive adjuvant treatment for the disease have an improved rate of survival when oxaliplatin is added to 5-fluorouracil, according to a study published Jan. 20 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Subcutaneous placement of a free jejunum and pedicled colon segment to create a diversionary conduit for total esophageal reconstruction

Microsurgery — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In this report, we describe a case of difficult esophageal reconstruction with a pedicled colon segment interposition and a free jejunal flap. Laryngectomy and bilateral neck dissection for larynx carcinoma had been attempted in a 59‐year‐old patient 6 years previously. The patient then received radiotherapy. One year later, large resection was performed due to recurrence of the tumor. Since then the patient had been fed through a gastrostomy tube. Previous attempts at esophageal reconstruction in other institutions were unsuccessful. We reconstructed the total esophagus with subcutaneously tunneled pedicled colon segment interposition and a free jejunal flap using the diversionary loop technique to divert the passage of the foot from the pharynx to the new inlet at the buccogingival s...

Cytotoxic Salan-Titanium(IV) Complexes: High Activity Toward a Range of Sensitive and Drug-Resistant Cell Lines, and Mechanistic Insights.

ChemMedChem — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Manna CM, Braitbard O, Weiss E, Hochman J, Tshuva EY Abstract The cytotoxicities of highly efficient salan-Ti(IV) complexes toward a range of cell lines, including drug-resistant cells, are reported along with preliminary mechanistic insights. Five salan-Ti(IV) complexes were investigated toward eight different human and murine cancer-derived cell lines, including colon, ovarian, lung, cervical, pancreatic, leukemic, skin, and breast. The salan complexes are more active toward the cells analyzed than cisplatin and the known titanium compound (bzac)(2) Ti(OiPr)(2) , and no cell line resistant to the salan complexes was identified. Moreover, the salan-Ti(IV) complexes are highly active toward both cisplatin-sensitive (A2780) and cisplatin-resistant (A2780CisR) human ovarian ...

SAHA Inhibits the Growth of Colon Tumors by Decreasing Histone Deacetylase and the Expression of Cyclin D1 and Survivin.

Pathology Oncology Research — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Jin JS, Tsao TY, Sun PC, Yu CP, Tzao C Abstract We studied the effects of suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, on colon cancer. The expression of HDACs in colorectal cancer specimens and the effects of SAHA on colon cancer cells and tumors of nude mice were assessed. Treatment with SAHA (3 μm) for 72 h induced downregulation of different subtypes of HDAC proteins and also induced acetylation of histone 3 and histone 4. SAHA significantly inhibited the expression of the oncogenic protein c-myc and also increased the expression of the p53 and Rb proteins. The immunohistochemical staining of HDACs, including HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3, and HDAC4, was significantly increased in colorectal adenocarcinoma specimens compared to healthy contr...

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Experimental Drug Might Help Some a Bit With Colon Cancer

Cancercompass News: Colorectal Cancer — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Drug extended survival by one month in those with advanced disease (Source: Cancercompass News: Colorectal Cancer)

Two Influential Colon Cancer Organizations Join Forces

Medical News (via PRIMEZONE) — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 18:17:00 +0100

SAN FRANCISCO, Jan. 19, 2012 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The launch of the Global Colon Cancer Alliance (GCCA) was announced today at the ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium in San Francisco, California. The newly formed alliance unites two leading advocacy organizations: the Colon Cancer Alliance, a patient advocacy organization based in the United States and its European counterpart, EuropaColon. GCCA will effectively address the issues and provide information surrounding colorectal cancer to clinicians, patients and caregivers across the globe. "We are excited to be a part of a global organization that will provide hope to a greater number of people around the world," said Andrew Spiegel, CEO of the Colon Cancer Alliance and co-founder and co-chair of GCCA. "We have made huge strides in ...

Perioperative polyphenon E- and siliphos-inhibited colorectal tumor growth and metastases without impairment of gastric or abdominal wound healing in mouse models

Surgical Endoscopy — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 08:04:51 +0100

Conclusions The PES combination inhibited subcutaneous and hepatic tumor growth yet did not impair wound healing. PES holds promise as a perioperative anticancer therapy. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s00464-011-2114-2Authors Xiaohong Yan, Colon & Rectum Surgery, St. Luke’s Roosevelt Hospital Center, 432 West, 58th Street, Room 517, New York, NY 10019, USAThomas R. Gardner, Orthopaedic Surgery, Columbia University, 630 West, 168th Street, Black building 14th Floor, New York, NY 10032, USAMichael Grieco, Surgery, Saint Barnabas Medical Center, 94 Old Short Hills Road, Livingston, NJ 07039, USASonali A. C. Herath, Colon & Rectum Surgery, St. Luke’s Roosevelt Hospital Center, 432 West, 58th Street, Room 517, New York, NY 10019, USAJoon Ho Jang, Co...

Socioeconomic Factors Impact Colon Cancer Outcomes in Diverse Patient Populations

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 06:48:12 +0100

Conclusions While disparities across racial/ethnic groups are well-documented, our study is the first to identify socioeconomic disparities in survival for patients within the same group. These novel findings demonstrate the complex role of SES on race and ethnicity and identify the need to improve healthcare access even within select populations. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory 2011 SSAT Poster PresentationPages 1-13DOI 10.1007/s11605-011-1809-yAuthors Wendy Lee, Department of Oncologic Surgery, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USARebecca Nelson, Department of Oncologic Surgery, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1500 East Duarte Road, Duarte, CA 91010, USABrian Mailey, Department of Oncologic Surgery, C...

Meta-analysis of Histopathological Features of Primary Colorectal Cancers that Predict Lymph Node Metastases

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 06:48:04 +0100

Conclusions No single histopathological feature of colorectal cancer reliably predicted lymph node metastases. Several risk factors that correlate highly with nodal disease are not routine components of standard pathology reports. Until further research establishes histopathological or molecular patterns for predicting lymph node spread, caution should be exercised when basing treatment decisions solely on these factors. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s11605-012-1827-4Authors Sean C. Glasgow, Department of Surgery, San Antonio Military Medical Center, 3551 Roger Brooke Drive, Ft. Sam Houston, San Antonio, TX 78234-6200, USAJoshua I. S. Bleier, Department of Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USALawrenc...

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Should lymph nodes from colorectal cancer resection specimens be processed in their entirety?

Journal of Clinical Pathology — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Processing all slices of each lymph node significantly increases laboratory workload and is of minimal clinical benefit. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)

Effect of EpCAM, CD44, CD133 and CD166 expression on patient survival in tumours of the ampulla of Vater

Journal of Clinical Pathology — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion Our findings indicate, that in ampullary carcinomas, loss of expression of EpCAM may be linked to a more aggressive tumor phenotype. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)

Thymosin beta 4 in colorectal cancer is localized predominantly at the invasion front in tumor cells undergoing epithelial mesenchymal transition.

Cancer Biology and Therapy — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 00:12:48 +0100

Conclusions: Our data show that Tβ4 is expressed in the majority of colon cancers, with preferential immunoreactivity in deep tumor regions. The preferential expression of the peptide and the increase in intensity of the immunostaining at the invasion front suggests a possible link between the peptide and the process of epithelial mesenchymal transition, suggesting a role for Tβ4 in colorectal cancer invasion and metastasis. PMID: 22233609 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cancer Biology and Therapy)

A New Approach to Laparoscopic Lymph Node Excision in Cases of Transverse Colon Cancer

Digestion — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 23:00:00 +0100

Digestion 2012;85:121–125 (DOI:10.1159/000334683) (Source: Digestion)