MedWorm: Ductal Carcinoma

p63 short isoforms are found in invasive carcinomas only and not in benign breast conditions

Virchows Archiv — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 18:12:45 +0100

Abstract Two N-terminal isoforms characterize the p63 protein: the transactivating isoform TAp63 and the amino-terminal truncated isoform ΔNp63. Two further N-terminal isoforms lacking exon 4 (d4TAp63 and ΔNp73L) have been reported. Purpose of the study was to investigate the molecular expression of N-terminal p63 isoforms in benign and malignant breast tissues. Eighteen randomly selected cases of invasive breast carcinoma (IBC) of luminal type, two cases of in situ duct carcinoma (DCIS/DIN), and 20 specimens of normal and benign breast tissues were studied. All cases were immunostained for p63. Reverse polymerase chain reaction and nested PCR were performed to evaluate p63 N-terminal expression patterns. These isoforms whenever present were validated by sequencing. All ...

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Is there a Role for MRI in the Preoperative Assessment of Patients with DCIS?

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 16:00:55 +0100

Conclusions MRI does not accurately predict extent of disease in patients with extensive DCIS. In patients with MRI tumor size ≤2 cm, MRI may assist in surgical planning. MRI results in patients with DCIS should be interpreted with caution; decision for mastectomy should not be made on MRI findings alone. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Breast OncologyDOI 10.1245/s10434-010-1000-9Authors Lisa R. Allen, Drexel University College of Medicine Department of Surgery Philadelphia PA USAClaudia E. Lago-Toro, The Bryn Mawr Hospital Department of Breast Surgery Bryn Mawr PA USAJenevieve H. Hughes, The Bryn Mawr Hospital Department of Breast Surgery Bryn Mawr PA USAEduardo Careaga, The Bryn Mawr Hospital Department of Breast Surgery Bryn Mawr PA USAAnjeanette T. B...

Loss of ICAM-1 signaling induces psoriasin (S100A7) and MUC1 in mammary epithelial cells

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 13:17:34 +0100

Abstract Psoriasin (S100A7), a member of the S100 gene family, is highly expressed in high-grade comedo ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), with a higher risk of local recurrence. Psoriasin is, therefore, a potential biomarker for DCIS with a poor prognosis. High-grade DCIS is characterized by a high proliferation rate and crowded cells, consequently, lose contact with the extracellular matrix. The aim of this study was, therefore, to elucidate the involvement of adhesion signals in the regulation of psoriasin. Protein expression was evaluated by Western blotting, flow cytometry, and immunohistochemistry, and using breast carcinoma SAGE databases available from the CGAP website. Intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) was down-regulated in MCF10A cells using short hairpin ...

Expression of HAb18G is associated with tumor progression and prognosis of breast carcinoma

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 13:17:30 +0100

In conclusion, this study suggests that HAb18G expression is associated with BC progression and prognosis. Further evaluation of this new marker in breast cancer is indicated. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Preclinical studyDOI 10.1007/s10549-010-0790-6Authors Fangfang Liu, Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research Tianjin 300060 ChinaLifang Cui, Cancer Hospital of Tianjin Medical University Department of Breast Cancer Pathology and Research Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Research Tianjin 300060 ChinaYang Zhang, Fourth Military Medical University Cell Engineering Research Centre & Department of Cell Biology, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biolo...

Metastatic Breast Cancer or Multiple Myeloma? Camouflage by Lytic Lesions

Journal of Oncology — Sun, 07 Mar 2010 13:47:51 +0100

This report addresses the pitfalls of overlapping symptoms and the question of which patients with suspected metastatic disease should undergo a biopsy. (Source: Journal of Oncology)

Neuroendocrine ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast: cytological features in 32 cases

Cytopathology — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: NE-DCIS has distinctive cytological features and can therefore be diagnosed as a neuroendocrine tumour in most FNAs and some nipple discharge smears by cytological examination employing immunohistochemical techniques. We emphasize that a breast lesion with these features may be in situ and not invasive, and also that there is a risk of under-diagnosis. (Source: Cytopathology)

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p53 expression in tumor-stromal fibroblasts forming and not forming fibrotic foci in invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast

Modern Pathology AOP — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Takahiro Hasebe, Motoki Iwasaki, Sadako Akashi-Tanaka, Takashi Hojo, Tatsuhiro Shibata, Yuko Sasajima, Takayuki Kinoshita & Hitoshi Tsuda (Source: Modern Pathology AOP)

Extra-long Projections of the Cell Surface in Nonspecial-type Ductal Carcinoma with Vascular Invasion under the Scanning Electron Microscope.

Ultrastructural Pathology — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 18:17:01 +0100

In this study, cell surface projections of primary culture cells from tissues of infiltrating ductal carcinoma Non Special Type with vascular invasion are examined by use of the Scanning Electron Microscopy method. In these cases the projections of cell membrane appeared extremely long and bridge-like covering very long distances between the breast cancer cells. Also, the long cell membrane projections, connect cells between them and form a complex. Sometimes, from one edge to another we observed a very long chain of cancer cells reaching sometimes a length of 3, 3 mm. On the other hand the absence of vascular invasion never shows such long projections of the cell membrane even if there are many metastatic nodes. The role of these extra long projections in communication between cancer cell...

Lead Exposure: A Contributing Cause of the Current Breast Cancer Epidemic in Nigerian Women.

Biological Trace Element Research — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Alatise OI, Schrauzer GN Breast cancer incidence in Nigerian women has significantly increased during the past three decades in parallel with the rapid industrialization of that country. This suggested that the associated widespread contamination of the soil and of the water supplies by lead (Pb) and other industrial metals was a major contributing cause. Because of its many domestic, industrial, and automotive uses, Pb is of particular concern as it has been shown to promote the development of mammary tumors in murine mammary tumor virus-infected female C3H mice at levels as low of 0.5 ppm Pb in the drinking water. Lead belongs to the group of selenium-antagonistic elements that interact with selenium (Se), abolishing its anti-carcinogenic effect. Lead on chronic, low-level e...

Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast: A Systematic Review of Incidence, Treatment, and Outcomes

Medscape Radiology Headlines — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 16:38:35 +0100

How have DCIS rates changed and what factors influence incidence rates over time? Journal of the National Cancer Institute (Source: Medscape Radiology Headlines)

Image-Guided Treatment of Breast Cancer

Journal of the American College of Surgeons — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

The article by Dr Silverstein and colleagues was published at a very important time, when key issues of disagreement remain in the management of breast carcinoma. The authors have discussed very eloquently various issues, such as the role of MRI, minimally invasive breast biopsy, sentinel node biopsy, clinical significance of micrometastasis, brachytherapy, and management of ductal carcinoma of situ and future research to improve the survival and overall survival in breast cancer. (Source: Journal of the American College of Surgeons)

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Clinicopathological characteristics of mucinous carcinoma of the breast in Korea: comparison with invasive ductal carcinoma-not otherwise specified.

J Korean Med Sci — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Park S, Koo J, Kim JH, Yang WI, Park BW, Lee KS Clinicopathological characteristics and prognostic factors of mucinous carcinoma (MC) were compared with invasive ductal carcinoma-not otherwise specified (IDC-NOS). Clinicopathological characteristics and survivals of 104 MC patients were retrospectively reviewed and compared with those of 3,936 IDC-NOS. The median age at diagnosis was 45 yr in MC and 47 yr in IDC-NOS, respectively. The sensitivity of mammography and sonography for pure MC were 76.5% and 94.7%, respectively. MC showed favorable characteristics including less involvement of lymph node, lower stage, more expression of estrogen receptors, less HER-2 overexpression and differentiated grade, and better 10-yr disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) (86.1...

The Adjacent Vessel Sign on Breast MRI: New Data and a Subgroup Analysis for 1,084 Histologically Verified Cases.

Korean J Radiol — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: The adjacent vessel sign was significantly associated with malignancy. Thus, it can be used to accurately assess breast lesions on bMRI. In this study, the AVS was particularly associated with advanced and invasive carcinomas. PMID: 20191065 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Korean J Radiol)

Evaluation of Ki-67 and Bcl-2 antigen expression in breast carcinomas of women treated with raloxifene

Cell Proliferation — Fri, 26 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Raloxifene treatment significantly reduced Ki-67 antigen expression and increased Bcl-2 expression in breast carcinomas of post-menopausal women. (Source: Cell Proliferation)

Differential diagnosis of mammographically and clinically occult breast lesions on diffusion-weighted MRI

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

To investigate the diagnostic performance of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for mammographically and clinically occult breast lesions.The study included 91 women with 118 breast lesions (91 benign, 12 ductal carcinoma in situ [DCIS], 15 invasive carcinoma) initially detected on dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and assigned BI-RADS category 3, 4, or 5. DWI was acquired with b = 0 and 600 s/mm2. Lesion visibility was assessed on DWI. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were compared between malignancies, benign lesions, and normal (no abnormal enhancement on DCE-MRI) breast tissue, and the diagnostic performance of DWI was assessed based on ADC thresholding.Twenty-four of 27 (89%) malignant and 74/91 (81%) benign lesions were hyperintense on the b = 60...

Angiotensin II type 2 receptor signaling significantly attenuates growth of murine pancreatic carcinoma grafts in syngeneic mice

BMC Cancer — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: These results suggest that Ang II regulates the growth of pancreatic carcinoma cells through modulating functions of host stromal cells; Moreover, Ang II AT2 receptor signaling is a negative regulator in the growth of pancreatic carcinoma cells. These findings indicate that the AT2 receptor in stromal fibroblasts is a potentially important target for chemotherapy for pancreatic cancer. (Source: BMC Cancer)

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SPARC (Osteonectin) in Breast Tumors of Different Histologic Types and Its Role in the Outcome of Invasive Ductal Carcinoma

The Breast Journal — Tue, 23 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to characterize the immunohistochemical distribution of secreted protein acidic and rich in cystein (SPARC) in benign and malignant breast tumors of different histologic types and define its association with the outcome of invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) patients. A total of 286 samples of benign and malignant breast lesions between 1994 and 2005 were retrieved from National Taiwan University Hospital. Up to 11 years clinical follow-up data were available for 185 patients with IDC. Immunohistochemistry staining with SPARC was performed in tissue microarray or whole section. The association of expression of SPARC and cumulative overall survival of IDC patients were analyzed using Kaplan[ndash]Meier survival analysis and Cox regression analysis. Secret...

Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition Does Not Improve the Reduction in Ductal Carcinoma In situ Proliferation with Aromatase Inhibitor Therapy: Results of the ERISAC Randomized Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Clinical Breast Cancer — Tue, 23 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Exemestane reduces proliferation in ER-positive DCIS. Aromatase inhibition is a potential alternative to tamoxifen in patients who have undergone breast conservation for ER-positive DCIS. Clin Cancer Res; 16(5); 1605-12. PMID: 20179229 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Breast Cancer)

Cancerous Breast Lesions on Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MR Images: Computerized Characterization for Image-based Prognostic Markers [BREAST IMAGING]

Radiology — Mon, 22 Feb 2010 20:50:30 +0100

Study results show that our MR imaging computer-aided diagnosis algorithm, with use of a combination of computer-extracted MR imaging kinetic and morphologic features, has the potential to be extended to two prognostic tasks: (a) classification of noninvasive (ductal carcinoma in situ) versus invasive (invasive ductal carcinoma [IDC]) lesions and (b) further classification of IDC lesions into lesions with positive lymph nodes (LNs) and lesions with negative LNs. (Source: Radiology)

Expression of Vascular Notch Ligand Delta-Like 4 and Inflammatory Markers in Breast Cancer.

The American Journal of Pathology — Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We examined 296 breast adenocarcinomas and 38 ductal carcinoma in situ tissues that were represented in tissue microarrays. Additional whole sections representing 10 breast adenocarcinomas, 10 normal breast tissues, and 16 angiosarcomas were included. Immunohistochemistry was then performed by using validated antibodies against Dll4, CD68, CD14, DC-SIGN, CD123, neutrophil elastase, CD31, and carbonic anhydrase 9. Dll4 was selectively expressed by intratumoral endothelial cells in 73% to 100% of breast adenocarcinomas, 18% of in situ ductal carcinomas, and all lactating breast cases, but not normal nonlactating breast. High intensity of endothelial Dll4 expression was a statistically significant adverse prognostic factor in univariate (P = 0.002 and P = 0.01) and multivariate analyses (P = ...

[Ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast (DCIS). Histopathological features and treatment modalities: analysis of 1,289 cases.]

Bulletin du Cancer — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Cutuli B, Lemanski C, Fourquet A, de Lafontan B, Giard S, Lancrenon S, Meunier A, Pioud-Martigny R, Campana F, Marsiglia H, Mery E, Penault-Llorca F, Fondrinier E, Tunon de Lara C From March 2003 to April 2004, were prospectively collected in France 1,289 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) with data on diagnosis, patient and tumour characteristics, and treatments. Median age was 56 years (range, 30-84). DCIS was diagnosed by mammography in 87.6% of patients. Mastectomy (M), conservative surgery alone (CS) and conservative surgery with radiotherapy (CS + RT) were performed in 30.5, 7.8 and 61.7% of patients, respectively. Sentinel node biopsy (SNB) and axillary dissection (AD) were performed in 21.3 and 10.4% of patients, respectively. Hormone therapy was administered to 13.4% of ...

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DCIS and the Power of Words

Medscape Today Headlines — Fri, 12 Feb 2010 22:10:28 +0100

The word carcinoma impacts how patients and physicians think about ductal carcinoma in situ. Dr. Kathy Miller considers whether a change in name could influence a change in practice. Medscape Hematology-Oncology (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Increased estrogen sulfatase (STS) and 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1(17β-HSD1) following neoadjuvant aromatase inhibitor therapy in breast cancer patients

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment — Fri, 12 Feb 2010 07:12:02 +0100

Abstract Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) are considered the gold standard for endocrine therapy of estrogen receptor (ER) positive postmenopausal breast cancer patients. The therapy may enhance therapeutic response and stabilize disease but resistance and disease progression inevitably occur in the patients. These are considered at least partly due to an emergence of alternative intratumoral estrogen production pathways. Therefore, in this study we evaluated effects of exemestane (EXE) upon the enzymes involved in intratumoral estrogen production including estrogen sulfatase (STS), 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17β-HSD1), and estrogen sulfotransferase (EST) and correlated the findings with therapeutic responses including Ki67 labeling index (Ki67). 116 postmenopausa...

Number of lymph nodes removed in sentinel lymph node-negative breast cancer patients is significantly related to patient age and tumor size

Cancer — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy has been well-established for axillary lymph node staging for patients with breast cancer. For lymph node-negative patients, planned "backup" axillary lymph node dissection (ALND) is rarely indicated. Among patients with negative SLNs, the authors observed variation by tumor size and patient age in the total number of lymph nodes removed (SLNs plus non-SLNs). They hypothesized that this variation is an unrecognized source of bias for studies examining the morbidity of SLN biopsy.Retrospective review of this institution's SLN database identified 4103 SLN biopsy procedures between 1997 and 2004 in which SLN biopsy was performed for prophylactic mastectomy, ductal carcinoma in situ, or T1 to T2 invasive cancers, and the SLNs were benign.The mean number of SLNs...

Following DCIS Diagnosis, Psychosicail Interventions Recommended

Dermatology News From Medical News Today — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 11:00:00 +0100

Following DCIS Diagnosis, Psychosicail Interventions Recommended

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 11:00:00 +0100

A new analysis has found that women with medium or low levels of income are particularly susceptible to anxiety and depression after being diagnosed with the precancerous breast condition, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Published early online in Cancer, a peer-reviewed journal of the American Cancer Society, the study suggests that women with financial hardship may benefit from psychosocial interventions that are designed to accommodate their unique needs... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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Breast density, scintimammographic (99m)Tc(V)DMSA uptake, and calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) expression in mixed invasive ductal associated with extensive in situ ductal carcinoma (IDC + DCIS) and pure invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC): correlation with estrogen receptor (ER) status, proliferation index Ki-67, and histological grade.

Breast Cancer — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: BetaD, SMM, CGRP, and Ki-67 were significantly increased, whereas ER was significantly decreased, in IDC + DCIS as compared with IDC, indicating that IDC + DCIS is an entity that is more aggressive, ER independent, and possibly associated with a pathway linked to stromal involvement and CGRP activity. PMID: 20143189 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Breast Cancer)

Worse prognosis of metaplastic breast cancer patients than other patients with triple-negative breast cancer

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment — Mon, 08 Feb 2010 17:32:22 +0100

Abstract The present study was designed to assess the clinical characteristics and outcomes of metaplastic breast cancer (MBC) compared to general invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and the triple-negative subtype (TN-IDC). The study population included 35 MBC and 2,839 IDC patients, including 473 TN-IDC diagnoses, from the National Cancer Center, Korea between 2001 and 2008. The clinicopathological characteristics and clinical outcomes were retrospectively reviewed. Mean age of patients was 47.4 years for the MBC group and 48.3 years for the IDC group. The MBC patients presented with a larger tumor size (≥T2, 74.3% vs. 38.8%, P < 0.001), more distant metastasis at the first diagnosis (8.6% vs. 2.0%, P = 0.04), higher histologic grade (grade ...

Financial hardship and anxiety

Medicineworld.org: New Article Alert — Mon, 08 Feb 2010 14:04:47 +0100

A new analysis has observed that women with medium or low levels of income are especially susceptible to anxiety and depression after being diagnosed with the premalignant breast condition, ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS). Published early online in Cancer, a peer-evaluated journal of the American Cancer Society, the study suggests that women with financial hardship appears to benefit from psychosocial interventions that are designed to accommodate their unique needs........ (Source: Medicineworld.org: New Article Alert)

Financial status associated with anxiety and depression in women with DCIS

HemOncToday.com — Mon, 08 Feb 2010 12:02:00 +0100

(Source: HemOncToday.com)

Financial hardship contributes to diagnosis anxiety

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Mon, 08 Feb 2010 05:00:00 +0100

(American Cancer Society) Women with medium or low levels of income are more susceptible to anxiety and depression after ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosis. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

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Financial hardship contributes to diagnosis anxiety

ScienceDaily Headlines — Mon, 08 Feb 2010 05:00:00 +0100

Women with medium or low levels of income are more susceptible to anxiety and depression after ductal carcinoma in situ diagnosis. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)

The role of socioeconomic status in adjustment after ductal carcinoma in situ

Cancer — Mon, 08 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study also explored whether social support explained the association between SES and distress and whether social support buffered the impact of low SES on distress.A total of 487 women with newly diagnosed DCIS were enrolled in the study. Participants completed questions about sociodemographic, psychosocial, and clinical characteristics at the time of enrollment and 9 months after their diagnosis.Financial status was inversely associated with anxiety and depression at the 9-month follow-up. Financial status also predicted change in anxiety and depression. Women with high financial status reported a decline in anxiety and depression during the study period, whereas women with medium or low financial status reported an increase in anxiety and depression. In addition, the probability of ...

Epidermal growth factor-dependent enhancement of invasiveness of squamous cell carcinoma of the breast

Cancer Science — Mon, 08 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Factors that promote the aggressiveness of squamous cell carcinoma of the breast are not well understood. To examine the involvement of cell motility and the mechanism of this behavior, a squamous cell carcinoma cell line of the breast (HBC9) was established from a metastatic lymph node of a Japanese woman. HBC9 expressed epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), but was negative for Her2 or Her3.The invasive ability of HBC9 was compared with that of four breast ductal carcinoma cell lines by Matrigel invasion assay. EGF stimulation induced the formation of surface protrusions and cell migration in HBC9 cells, and significantly increased the number of cells migrating through the Matrigel. The invasive ability of HBC9 was compared with other cell lines of breast carcinoma; it was much greate...

Diagnostic value of vacuum-assisted breast biopsy for breast carcinoma: a meta-analysis and systematic review

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment — Wed, 03 Feb 2010 17:58:00 +0100

Abstract As mammography screening has its limitation in diagnosis in breast carcinoma, minimally invasive procedures offer a better option. We conducted a systematic review to establish the overall value of Vacuum-assisted breast biopsy (VAB) for the diagnosis of breast cancer. After a review and quality assessment of 21 studies, sensitivity, specificity and other measures of accuracy of VAB for evaluating breast lesions were pooled using random-effects models. Summary receiver operating characteristic curves were used to summarize overall accuracy. Underestimate rate of atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) and ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) were also calculated. The summary estimates for VAB in diagnosis of breast carcinoma were as follows: sensitivity, 0.981 (95% confidenc...

Lesion size is a major determinant of the mammographic features of ductal carcinoma in situ: findings from the Sloane project

Clinical Radiology — Wed, 03 Feb 2010 15:36:27 +0100

Aim: To assess the radiological features of calcific ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) in a large, multicentre dataset according to grade and size, and to investigate the possibility that DCIS has different mammographic features when small.Materials and methods: The dataset consisted of all Sloane Project DCIS cases where calcification was present mammographically and histological grade and size were available. The radiology data form classifies calcific DCIS as casting/linear, granular/irregular, or punctate. The pathology dataset includes cytonuclear grade and microscopic tumour size. Correlations were sought between the radiological findings and DCIS grade and size. The significance of differences was assessed using the chi-square test and chi-square test for trend.Results: One thousand, ...

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Vasohibin-1 as a potential predictor of aggressive behavior of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast

Cancer Science — Wed, 03 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In this study, we first evaluated mRNA expression of vasohibin-1 and CD31 in 39 Japanese female breast carcinoma specimens including 22 invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) and 17 ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) using a real-time quantitative RT-PCR (QRT-PCR) with LightCycler system. In addition, we also immunolocalized vasohibin-1 and CD31 and compared their immunoreactivity to nuclear grades and histological grades of 100 carcinoma cases (50 IDC and 50 DCIS). There were no statistically significant differences of CD31 mRNA expression and the number of CD31 positive vessels between DCIS and IDC (P = 0.250 and P = 0.191, respectively), whereas there was a statistically significant difference in vasohibin-1 mRNA expression and the number of vasohibin-1 positive vessels in DCIS and IDC (P = 0.022...

Vasohibin-1 as a potential predictor of aggressive behavior of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast

Cancer Science — Wed, 03 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

National Institutes of Health State-of-the-Science Conference Statement: Diagnosis and Management of Ductal Carcinoma In Situ September 22-24, 2009

JNCI — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 21:01:32 +0100

Conclusions Clearly, the diagnosis and management of DCIS is highly complex with many unanswered questions, including the fundamental natural history of untreated disease. Because of the noninvasive nature of DCIS, coupled with its favorable prognosis, strong consideration should be given to elimination of the use of the anxiety-producing term "carcinoma" from the description of DCIS. The outcomes in women treated with available therapies are excellent. Thus, the primary question for future research must focus on the accurate identification of patient subsets diagnosed with DCIS, including those persons who may be managed with less therapeutic intervention without sacrificing the excellent outcomes presently achieved. Essential in this quest will be the development and validation of accura...

Ductal Carcinoma In Situ of the Breast: A Systematic Review of Incidence, Treatment, and Outcomes

JNCI — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 21:01:32 +0100

Conclusions Scientific questions deserving further investigation include the relationship between mammography use and DCIS incidence and whether imaging technologies and treatment guidelines can be modified to focus on lesions that are most likely to become clinically problematic. (Source: JNCI)

Researchers Tackle Ductal Carcinoma in Situ and Its Many Unanswered Questions

JNCI — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 21:01:31 +0100

(Source: JNCI)

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Expression of metalloproteases and their inhibitors by tumor and stromal cells in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast and their relationship with microinvasive events

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 17:48:18 +0100

Conclusions There are significant differences in the expression of MMPs and TIMPs, so in tumor cells and stromal cells, between pure DCIS and DCIS with microinvasive foci. Therefore, these staining patterns might display potential applications as biological markers, such as in evaluating microinvasion in resection specimens of breast tumors. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s00432-010-0782-2Authors L. O. González, Unidad de Investigación, Hospital de Jove Avda. Eduardo Castro s/n 33920 Gijón Asturias SpainS. González-Reyes, Unidad de Investigación, Hospital de Jove Avda. Eduardo Castro s/n 33920 Gijón Asturias SpainS. Junquera, Unidad de Investigación, Hospital de Jove Avda. Eduardo Castro s/n 33920 Gijón Asturias SpainL. Marín, ...

Annular erythema as a sign of recurrent breast cancer

Australasian Journal of Dermatology — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Three women with known breast cancer presented with very similar annular erythemas of their chest walls. All women were in remission from their breast cancer for at least 6 months. Their breast cancers had initially responded well to multi-modality treatment with no clinical or radiologic evidence of recurrence, until the development of the annular erythema. In the first case, the annular erythema was treated unsuccessfully as a dermatitis and then as tinea corporis. In the second case, subacute cutaneous lupus was considered but lupus antibodies were negative. In the third case, the annular erythema was promptly recognized and biopsied. Histology in all three cases revealed identical findings of invasive ductal carcinoma involving the lymphatics of the skin. Immunohistochemical staining o...

Cancerous Breast Lesions on Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MR Images: Computerized Characterization for Image-based Prognostic Markers [BREAST IMAGING]

Continuous Publishing articles — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 14:54:27 +0100

Clinicopathologic factors associated with involved margins after breast-conserving surgery for invasive lobular carcinoma.

Clinical Genitourinary Cancer — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Core needle biopsy is the preferred method of diagnostic biopsy before surgical intervention. With appropriate patient selection, most patients with early-stage ILC can undergo successful BCS. PMID: 20133259 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Genitourinary Cancer)

Papilloma and papillary carcinoma

Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Papillomas and papillary carcinomas differ in their 3 fundamental characteristics: the geometric properties of their fronds, the amount of their stroma, and the characteristics of their epithelium. Fibrosis at the edge of papillomas often entraps glands and creates the spurious impression of invasion. The proliferation of surface epithelial cells of papillomas does not give rise to unexpected diagnostic difficulties, but glandular proliferation within the stalks of papillomas often simulates the appearance of cribriform ductal carcinoma in situ. Needle biopsies of papillomas can deposit clusters of benign cells in a distribution that resembles an invasive carcinoma. Although papillomas overrun by ductal carcinoma in situ exhibit a papillary architecture, other features differentiate them f...

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Clinging carcinoma: an American perspective

Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In 1979, Professor John Azzopardi introduced the term “clinging carcinoma” to describe what he considered to represent examples of ductal carcinoma in-situ (DCIS) characterized by “neoplastic cells…limited to the periphery of the containing structures.” He emphasized that these lesions can be easily missed “since the alteration is cytological rather than anatomical.” Two types of clinging carcinoma were described by Azzopardi. He considered the first to represent a variant of high-grade DCIS, and most pathologists concur with that view. In contrast, pathologists have been much more reluctant to accept Azzopardi's second type of clinging carcinoma as a type of DCIS, particularly in the United States. This second type is characterized by cells with low grade, monomorphic-type c...

Flat ductal intraepithelial neoplasia of the breast: evolution of Azzopardi's “clinging” concept

Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Thirty years ago, John G. Azzopardi described a mainly cytologically defined atypical intraepithelial lesion of the breast, which he called “clinging carcinoma in situ,” a variant of “ductal carcinoma in situ.” The lesion was characterized by replacement of native epithelial cells by very few cell layers of mildly to severely atypical epithelial cells. Based on the degree of cytologic atypia, Azzopardi distinguished type 1 with highly atypical nuclei and type 2 with merely subtle cytologic (nuclear) atypia. Although this distinctive lesion remained widely unrecognized and/or ignored by many pathologists for a long period, several recent studies strongly suggest its neoplastic nature. The aim of this review is to focus on the “clinging” concept and its evolution after the first ...

Neuroendocrine differentiation in breast cancer: established facts and unresolved problems

Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Neuroendocrine breast carcinoma (NEBC) diagnosis relies on (i) presence of morphologic neuroendocrine features, and (ii) neuroendocrine markers expressed in more than 50% of tumor cells. The World Health Organization classification describes 3 main histologic types: the solid, the small/oat cell, and the large cell variant. In addition, we have recently proposed a further categorization into 5 subgroups: the first 3 categories encompass solid lesions and include (i) solid cohesive carcinomas, (ii) alveolar carcinomas, and (iii) small cell carcinoma; the last subgroups include mucin-producing tumors which are (iv) solid papillary carcinomas and (v) cellular mucinous carcinomas. Chromogranin A and synaptophysin have been considered as the most sensitive and specific neuroendocrine markers in...

Vacuum-assisted biopsies under MR guidance: results of 72 procedures

European Radiology — Sat, 30 Jan 2010 18:11:55 +0100

Conclusion MRI-guided VAB represents an accurate tool for the histological diagnosis of lesions visible only at MRI. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory BreastDOI 10.1007/s00330-009-1707-9Authors C. Malhaire, Institut Curie Radiology Department 26, rue d’Ulm 75005 Paris FranceC. El Khoury, Institut Curie Radiology Department 26, rue d’Ulm 75005 Paris FranceF. Thibault, Institut Curie Radiology Department 26, rue d’Ulm 75005 Paris FranceA. Athanasiou, Institut Curie Radiology Department 26, rue d’Ulm 75005 Paris FranceP. Petrow, Institut Curie Radiology Department 26, rue d’Ulm 75005 Paris FranceL. Ollivier, Institut Curie Radiology Department 26, rue d’Ulm 75005 Paris FranceA. Tardivon, Institut Curie Radiology Department 26, rue d’Ulm 75005 Paris France ...

Metaplastic Breast Carcinoma: Clinicopathologic Features and Prognostic Value of Triple Negativity

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology — Fri, 29 Jan 2010 11:44:41 +0100

Conclusions In MBC, the non-triple-negative group had a poor prognosis compared with the triple-negative group, which is contrary to what has been reported in patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of breast. Further research exploring the mechanism underlying this result is needed. (Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology)

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Grading system for lymph vessel tumor emboli: significant outcome predictor for patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast who received neoadjuvant therapy

Modern Pathology AOP — Fri, 29 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Takahiro Hasebe, Nobuko Tamura, Motoki Iwasaki, Nao Okada, Sadako Akashi-Tanaka, Takashi Hojo, Chikako Shimizu, Masashi Adachi, Yasuhiro Fujiwara, Tatsuhiro Shibata, Yuko Sasajima, Histoshi Tsuda & Takayuki Kinoshita (Source: Modern Pathology AOP)

Outcomes of Multimodality Breast Screening for Women at Increased Risk of Familial Breast Cancer

World Journal of Surgery — Thu, 28 Jan 2010 07:00:28 +0100

Conclusions The results from this service demonstrate that multimodality screening for women at high risk of familial breast cancer and including women of younger age is effective and appropriate, with very acceptable cancer detection rates and pathological cancer characteristics being observed consistent with early-stage detection. The colocated siting of this service within a BreastScreen Queensland facility has proven to be efficient and cost effective. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00268-010-0409-4Authors Ian C. Bennett, University of Queensland Department of Surgery, Princess Alexandra Hospital 199 Ipswich Road, Woolloongabba Brisbane QLD 4102 AustraliaJennifer Muller, Queensland Health Cancer Screening Services Brisbane QLD AustraliaLinda Cockburn, N...

Solitary adrenal metastasis from invasive ductal breast cancer: an uncommon finding

World Journal of Surgical Oncology — Thu, 28 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: This is the first case of a patient with solitary, metachronous adrenal metastasis from IDC of the breast to be reported. For patients in this condition, complete removal of metastasized organ may translate into survival benefit. (Source: World Journal of Surgical Oncology)

Studies From University Of Miami Further Understanding Of Breast Cancer

Cancercompass News: Breast Cancer — Thu, 28 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Brain metastases affect 25%-30% of women with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positive metastatic breast cancer and are associated with a high burden of disease and poor prognosis. A 55-year-old woman presented with HER2-positive, hormone receptor-positive, locally advanced infiltrating ductal carcinoma, researchers in the United States report. (Source: Cancercompass News: Breast Cancer)

Chromosomal Alterations in Pure Nonneoplastic Breast Lesions: Implications for Breast Cancer Progression

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Wed, 27 Jan 2010 19:58:36 +0100

Conclusions Pure CCL and ADH lesions demonstrate lower levels of genetic alterations than DCIS, invasive carcinomas or CCL/ADH lesions from cancerous breasts; alterations of chromosomes 16q and 17p were not detected. Pure CCL and ADH lesions are not genetically advanced, and molecular profiles do not support these lesions as obligatory precursors to more advanced disease. Molecular differences between pure and synchronous lesions support re-evaluation of current models of disease initiation, progression, and risk. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Translational Research and BiomarkersDOI 10.1245/s10434-010-0910-xAuthors Rachel E. Ellsworth, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Clinical Breast Care Project Windber PA USADarrell L. E...

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Ductal carcinoma in situ and sentinel lymph node metastasis in breast cancer

World Journal of Surgical Oncology — Wed, 27 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Background: The impact of sentinel lymph node biopsy on breast cancer mimicking ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a matter of debate. Methods: We studied the rate of occurrence of sentinel lymph node metastasis in 255 breast cancer patients with pure DCIS showing no invasive components on routine pathological examination. We compared this to the rate of occurrence in 177 patients with predominant intraductal-component (IDC) breast cancers containing invasive foci equal to or less than 0.5 cm in size. Results: Most of the clinical and pathological baseline characteristics were the same between the two groups. However, peritumoral lymphatic permeation occurred less often in the pure DCIS group than in the IDC-predominant invasive-lesion group (1.2% vs. 6.8%, p=0.002). One patient (0.39%) wi...

DCIS size underestimated in third of cases

MedWire News - Oncology — Wed, 27 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

UK study results show that pre-operative imaging underestimates the extent of disease in a third of patients undergoing breast-conserving surgery for ductal carcinoma in situ, resulting in a need for further surgery in these patients. (Source: MedWire News - Oncology)

DCIS size underestimated in third of cases

MedWire News - Breast Cancer — Wed, 27 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Tamoxifen Malabsorption After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery: Case Series and Review of the Literature

Pharmacotherapy: Official Journal of the American College of Clinical Pharmacy — Tue, 26 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Pharmacotherapy 30(2): 217-217 Abstract Roux-en-Y gastric bypass is a gastric reduction duodenal switch with a combination of restrictive and malabsorptive procedures. It is the most common gastric bypass procedure performed in the United States. Malabsorption causing nutritional deficiencies does occur, yet a PubMed literature search (1955-2009) returned no reports of malabsorption of anticancer agents after gastric bypass. To our knowledge, this is the first report of three cases of malabsorption of the anticancer agent tamoxifen after this procedure. The first patient was a 58-year-old woman who underwent Roux-en-Y bypass for morbid obesity. Two years later, she developed estrogen receptor-positive ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast, underwent lumpectomy and irradiation, and tamoxif...

Heterogeneity for Stem Cell-Related Markers According to Tumor Subtype and Histologic Stage in Breast Cancer.

Clinical Cancer Research — Tue, 26 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that in breast cancer, the frequency of tumor cells positive for stem cell-like and more differentiated cell markers varies according to tumor subtype and histologic stage. Clin Cancer Res; 16(3); 876-87. PMID: 20103682 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Cancer Research)

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Factors Influencing Reconstruction after Bilateral Mastectomy

Journal of Surgical Research — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 16:40:52 +0100

Introduction: Few studies have been conducted to determine what influences whether or not breast cancer patients who undergo bilateral mastectomy opt for reconstruction. The purpose of this study was to examine potential clinicopathologic factors that play a role in this decision-making process. Methods: We reviewed data from all breast cancer patients who underwent bilateral mastectomies at our institution from 2003 to 2008. Charts were reviewed to determine demographic, clinical and pathologic information at time of mastectomy and reconstruction status. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS. Results: From 2003-2008, 112 patients underwent bilateral mastectomies at our institution. Of these, 7 (6.3%) had no malignancy in either breast, 14 (12.5%) had either DCIS or LCIS, 74 (66.1...

Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy May Not Be Necessary in All Patients Undergoing Prophylactic Mastectomy But Should Be Considered in Patients with Inflammatory Breast Cancer and/or Extensive Ipsilateral Axillary Disease

Journal of Surgical Research — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 16:40:51 +0100

Conclusion: The incidence of occult malignancy in the setting of contralateral mastectomy is low (2%), and this may call into question the need for routine sentinel node biopsy in all patients undergoing this procedure. However, patients with ipsilateral inflammatory breast cancer and/or extensive axillary disease are at higher risk of having contralateral malignancy, and sentinel lymph node biopsy may be warranted on the prophylactic side in these patients. (Source: Journal of Surgical Research)

Grading of Ductal and Lobular Carcinoma, with Emphasis on Differences of Surgically Relevant Tumor Size

Journal of Surgical Research — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 16:40:47 +0100

Conclusion: There are manifold differences between lobular carcinoma and the various grades of ductal cancer. A revised grading system for lobular cancer may permit better correlation between microscopic and clinical findings. Lobular, much more so than grade I and grade II ductal, carcinomas present with larger tumors, possibly due to mammographic insensitivity with respect to lobular carcinoma. (Source: Journal of Surgical Research)

The Impact of Routine Pretreatment Magnetic Resonance Imaging on the Surgical Planning and Outcome in Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer Patients

Journal of Surgical Research — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 16:40:33 +0100

In this study, we have critically assessed our routine use of pretreatment MRI on surgical planning and outcome. Methods: A retrospective review of our prospectively collected database of all new breast cancer patients seen in our multi-disciplinary breast cancer clinic (BC4) since 2007 was undertaken. The database includes demographic, pathologic, treatment and outcome parameters. In the past 2 years, 157 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients were seen in BC4 that received all of their pretreatment imaging at our institution. Approximately midway through this period, we implemented the routine use of pretreatment of MRI. No other significant alterations were made in our evaluation and treatment (per NCCN guidelines) of these patients during this period. Results: Of the 157 patients, 71 (...

The Use of Breast MRI Surveillance in Women with Prior Curative-Intent Therapy for Breast Cancer

Journal of Surgical Research — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 16:40:33 +0100

Conclusion: Prospective studies are needed to determine which patients would potentially benefit from breast MRI surveillance following curative-intent treatment. The lack of standardized guidelines may result in excessive or inappropriate use, unnecessary follow-up procedures, and a concomitant low yield. (Source: Journal of Surgical Research)

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Histology after lumpectomy in women with epithelial atypia on stereotactic vacuum-assisted breast biopsy

European Journal of Surgical Oncology — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 13:47:57 +0100

Conclusion: ADH diagnosed by vacuum-assisted breast biopsy frequently corresponds to cancer on open surgical biopsy. Surgical excision of all breast lesions containing atypical hyperplasia on percutaneous biopsy can be recommended. (Source: European Journal of Surgical Oncology)

Solitary Dilated Duct Identified at Mammography: Outcomes Analysis

American Journal of Roentgenology — Thu, 21 Jan 2010 20:14:22 +0100

CONCLUSION. Solitary dilated duct is a rare mammographic finding, this series being the largest reported to date. Although few cases are studied, solitary dilated duct appears to have a greater than 2% likelihood of malignancy, sufficiently high to suggest that a suspicious (BI-RADS 4a) assessment may be appropriate. (Source: American Journal of Roentgenology)

Take Carcinoma Out of DCIS and Ease Off Treatment

Medscape Today Headlines — Thu, 21 Jan 2010 19:25:29 +0100

Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

The hook sign for differential diagnosis of malignant from benign lesions in magnetic resonance mammography: Experience in a study of 1084 histologically verified cases.

Acta Radiologica — Thu, 21 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In 1084 lesions, the hook sign was a specific descriptor for differentiation of benign and malignant lesions in MRM, with high evidence for prediction of malignancy, particularly in the case of advanced lesions and invasive carcinomas. PMID: 20092368 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Acta Radiologica)

Ductal carcinoma in situ of breast needs to be stratified further according to risk of progressing

BMJ Online First — Wed, 20 Jan 2010 12:40:31 +0100

(Source: BMJ Online First)

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Pre-op Mammogram Reduces The Need For Mastectomy In Women With DCIS

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 20 Jan 2010 11:00:00 +0100

Over 60 per cent of women who have a form of breast cancer in the milk ducts (DCIS*) are spared a mastectomy, according to latest research published today in the British Journal of Cancer. Researchers for the Sloane Project** examined how the size of the DCIS - measured by both imaging and pathology - related to the surgeon's decision of whether to conserve or remove the breast. They found that, out of 2,500 women who had DCIS detected by breast screening, around 70 per cent of patients had conservation surgery to remove the disease and save the breast... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Pre-op Mammogram Reduces The Need For Mastectomy In Women With DCIS

Breast Cancer News From Medical News Today — Wed, 20 Jan 2010 11:00:00 +0100

Over 60 per cent of women who have a form of breast cancer in the milk ducts (DCIS*) are spared a mastectomy, according to latest research published today in the British Journal of Cancer. Researchers for the Sloane Project** examined how the size of the DCIS - measured by both imaging and pathology - related to the surgeon's decision of whether to conserve or remove the breast... (Source: Breast Cancer News From Medical News Today)

Axillary sentinel lymph node biopsy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for carcinoma of the breast

Cancer — Wed, 20 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

The timing and accuracy of axillary sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) in patients who are receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) for breast cancer are controversial. To examine the accuracy of SLNB after NACT, the authors performed SLNB after chemotherapy on all of patients who received NACT at their institution starting in January 1997.Seventy-nine women who underwent NACT between 1997 and 2008 comprised this study and were divided as follows: 4 women had stage I disease, 60 women had stage II disease, and 15 women had stage III disease, including 10 women who had multicentric disease. Thirty-nine women (49.4%) had clinical evidence of axillary metastasis (N1-N2) at the time of diagnosis. The regimen, the duration of treatment, and the number of cycles of NACT depended on clinical resp...

Socioeconomic disparities in the decline in invasive breast cancer incidence

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 17:45:47 +0100

We examined the decline in breast cancer incidence according to county-level socioeconomic indicators using data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) program. Since socioeconomic status is associated with mammography screening, we also examined the relation between incidence of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS; a strong marker of mammography utilization) and the decline in invasive breast cancer. The reduction in invasive breast cancer incidence between 1998–2001 and 2003–2006 in the SEER 9 registries was greatest among women living in counties with higher median household income (−16% change for ≥$85,000 vs. -4% for <$35,000; P trend < 0.01) and a higher percentage of adults aged 25 years or older with a bachelor’s degree (−13% ch...

Researchers tackle ductal carcinoma in situ and its many unanswered questions

ScienceDaily Headlines — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 07:00:00 +0100

In a new paper, researchers review available data on diagnosis and management of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and offer recommendations for the field. These include identification of better risk stratification methods, consideration of the elimination of the word "carcinoma" from the name, and further investigation into whether imaging technology and guidelines can be modified to focus on high-risk lesions. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)

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The Use of Oncoplastic Reduction Techniques to Reconstruct Partial Mastectomy Defects in Women with Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

The Breast Journal — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study suggests that although oncoplastic reduction techniques are a reasonable approach for women with DCIS, stricter patient selection and improved confirmation of negative margins will minimize the need for either re-excisions or completion mastectomy and reconstruction. (Source: The Breast Journal)

Overexpression of the oncogenic signal transducer Gab2 occurs early in breast cancer development

International Journal of Cancer — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Gab2, a docking-type signaling protein with demonstrated oncogenic potential, is overexpressed in breast cancer, but its prognostic significance and role in disease evolution remain unclear. Immunohistochemical detection of Gab2 in a large cohort of primary human breast cancers of known outcome revealed that while Gab2 expression was positively correlated with increased tumor grade, it did not correlate with disease recurrence or breast cancer-related death in the total cohort or in patients stratified according to lymph node, estrogen receptor (ER) or HER2 status. Interestingly, analysis of a "progression series" that included premalignant and preinvasive breast lesions as well as samples of metastatic disease revealed that Gab2 expression was significantly enhanced in the earliest lesion...

Fine-needle aspiration biopsy of an invasive ductal carcinoma with medullary features presented with abscess formation

Diagnostic Cytopathology — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

No abstract. (Source: Diagnostic Cytopathology)

Predictors of invasion in needle core biopsies of the breast with ductal carcinoma in situ

Modern Pathology AOP — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Edna May L Go, Siu-Ki Chan, Joaquim S L Vong, Philip C W Lui, Anthony W H Chan, Tony K F Ma, Mark A Ang, Bonita K B Law, Puay-Hoon Tan & Gary M Tse (Source: Modern Pathology AOP)

Aggressiveness of ‘true’ interval invasive ductal carcinomas of the breast in postmenopausal women

Modern Pathology AOP — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Aggressiveness of ‘true’ interval invasive ductal carcinomas of the breast in postmenopausal women Modern Pathology advance online publication, January 15, 2010. doi:10.1038/modpathol.2009.188 Authors: Bert van der Vegt, Jelle Wesseling, Ruud M Pijnappel, Monique D Dorrius, Gerard J den Heeten, Marnix AJ de Roos & Geertruida H de Bock (Source: Modern Pathology AOP)

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Ductal Carcinoma In Situ And Its Many Unanswered Questions

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 14 Jan 2010 13:00:00 +0100

An article and commentary published online January 13 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute review available data on diagnosis and management of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and offer recommendations for the field. These include identification of better risk stratification methods, consideration of the elimination of the word "carcinoma" from the name, and further investigation into whether imaging technology and guidelines can be modified to focus on high-risk lesions... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Ductal Carcinoma In Situ And Its Many Unanswered Questions

Cancer / Oncology News From Medical News Today — Thu, 14 Jan 2010 13:00:00 +0100

Clinical significance of dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase and thymidylate synthase expression in patients with pancreatic cancer

International Journal of Clinical Oncology — Wed, 13 Jan 2010 17:53:55 +0100

Conclusions The efficacy of 5-FU may be lower in pancreatic cancer tissue than in normal tissue because DPD activity is upregulated in pancreatic cancer tissue compared to normal pancreatic tissue. It is necessary to develop an effective 5-FU delivery system and/or 5-FU combined with an inhibitor for DPD that can be used when 5-FU must be administered to patients with pancreatic cancer. High DPD activity may be a prognostic factor in patients with pancreatic cancer. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10147-009-0008-2Authors Osamu Nakahara, Kumamoto University Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences 1-1-1 Honjo Kumamoto 860-8556 JapanHiroshi Takamori, Kumamoto University Department of Gastroenterolo...

Researchers tackle ductal carcinoma in situ and its many unanswered questions

EurekAlert! - Cancer — Wed, 13 Jan 2010 05:00:00 +0100

(Journal of the National Cancer Institute) An article and commentary published online Jan. 13 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute review available data on diagnosis and management of ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and offer recommendations for the field. These include identification of better risk stratification methods, consideration of the elimination of the word "carcinoma" from the name, and further investigation into whether imaging technology and guidelines can be modified to focus on high-risk lesions. (Source: EurekAlert! - Cancer)

Expression of survivin and p53 proteins and their correlation with hormone receptor status in Indian breast cancer patients

Indian Journal of Medical Sciences — Tue, 12 Jan 2010 15:37:06 +0100

Conclusions</b> : Increased expression of Survivin and p53 in IDC patients and correlation with hormone receptors suggest that Survivin and p53 along with hormone receptors status are likely to contribute significantly to apoptosis resistance and may serve as therapeutic target that could increase the effectiveness of conventional breast cancer therapy. (Source: Indian Journal of Medical Sciences)

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Immunohistochemical analysis of oxidative stress and DNA repair proteins in normal mammary tissue and breast cancer tumors

BMC Cancer — Mon, 11 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Our studies suggest that oxidative stress and DNA repair proteins not only protect normal cells from the damaging effects of ROS, but may also promote survival of mammary tumor cells. (Source: BMC Cancer)

Impact of AdipoR1 expression on breast cancer development.

Gynecologic Oncology — Mon, 11 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The altered expression of AdipoR1 in invasive breast cancer compared to DCIS suggests that the receptor-binding protein adiponectin might exert growth inhibitory effects that are overcome in transformation of preinvasive to invasive breast cancer. PMID: 20071013 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gynecologic Oncology)

Frequent aberrant DNA methylation of ABCB1, FOXC1, PPP2R2B and PTEN in ductal carcinoma in situ and early invasive breast cancer

Breast Cancer Research — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

IntroductionDuctal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is a non-invasive lesion of the breast that is frequently detected by mammography and subsequently removed by surgery. However, it is estimated that about half of the detected lesions would never have progressed into invasive cancer. Identifying DCIS and invasive cancer specific epigenetic lesions and understanding how these epigenetic changes are involved in triggering tumour progression is important for a better understanding of which lesions are "at risk" of becoming invasive. Methods: Quantitative DNA methylation analysis of ABCB1, CDKN2A/p16INK4a, ESR1, FOXC1, GSTP1, IGF2, MGMT, MLH1, PPP2R2B, PTEN and RASSF1A was performed by pyrosequencing in a series of 27 pure DCIS, 28 small invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs), 34 IDCs with a DCIS componen...

Breast cancer in women under 40years of age: A series of 57 cases from Northern Ireland.

Breast — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Our study reports a low familial trait rate combined with a high proportion of hormonally active tumours less than grade III which suggests that breast cancer in this series of young women from Northern Ireland may be less aggressive and more hormonally responsive than anticipated. PMID: 20060718 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Breast)

Frequent aberrant DNA methylation of ABCB1, FOXC1, PPP2R2B and PTEN in ductal carcinoma in situ and early invasive breast cancer

Breast Cancer Research — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

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The Ductal Carcinoma In Situ (DCIS) Dilemma

Academic Radiology — Wed, 06 Jan 2010 15:11:38 +0100

Detecting, classifying (grading), treating, and managing ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), and other high-risk abnormalities (eg, atypical ductal hyperplasia [ADH]), of the breast remains an ever-evolving, complicated, extremely expensive, and controversial area of interest. (Source: Academic Radiology)

Ductal Carcinoma In Situ: Should the Name Be Changed?

JNCI — Tue, 05 Jan 2010 21:01:46 +0100

(Source: JNCI)

StatBite: Relative Survival and Incidence Rates: Ductal Carcinoma In Situ

JNCI — Tue, 05 Jan 2010 21:01:46 +0100

(Source: JNCI)

Radiological and pathological size estimations of pure ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast, specimen handling and the influence on the success of breast conservation surgery: a review of 2564 cases from the Sloane Project

British Journal of Cancer AOP — Tue, 05 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: J Thomas, A Evans, J Macartney, S E Pinder, A Hanby, I Ellis, O Kearins, T Roberts, K Clements, G Lawrence & H Bishop (Source: British Journal of Cancer AOP)

Adjuvant therapy may not be justified for tubular carcinoma

MedWire News - Oncology — Tue, 05 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Patients with tubular carcinoma of the breast have a better prognosis than those with grade 1 ductal carcinoma and may not require adjuvant chemotherapy, UK research shows. (Source: MedWire News - Oncology)

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Adjuvant therapy may not be justified for tubular carcinoma

MedWire News - Breast Cancer — Tue, 05 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Initial margin status for invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast and subsequent identification of carcinoma in reexcision specimens.

Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine — Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Frequency of residual invasive carcinoma was related to margin status of the original lumpectomy/biopsy. Even when margins were positive, most reexcisions were free of carcinoma. Residual invasive carcinoma was found in greater than 25% of patients with margins less than 2 mm, supporting reexcision for patients with margins of less than 2 mm. Sixteen percent of cases with margins greater than 2 mm harbored residual invasive carcinoma. Evaluation of margin status was complicated by tissue distortion and fragmentation. PMID: 20073613 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine)

Tubular Carcinoma of the Breast: Further Evidence to Support Its Excellent Prognosis [Breast Cancer]

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Mon, 28 Dec 2009 23:31:54 +0100

Conclusion We conclude that the biologic behavior of TC is excellent and is more favorable than that of grade 1 ductal carcinoma. Patients with TC may be at risk of developing second primary carcinomas in the contralateral breast, which may be of higher grade and poorer potential prognostic outcome. In addition, patients with TC seem to have a close to normal life expectancy, and as a consequence, adjuvant systemic therapy may not be justified in their routine management. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

Immunohistochemical and Proteomic Evaluation of Nuclear Ubiquitous Casein and Cyclin-Dependent Kinases Substrate in Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology — Thu, 24 Dec 2009 15:54:28 +0100

Nuclear ubiquitous casein and cyclin-dependent kinases substrate (NUCKS) is 27 kDa chromosomal protein of unknown function. Its amino acid composition as well as structure of its DNA binding domain resembles that of high-mobility group A, HMGA proteins. HMGA proteins are associated with various malignancies. Since changes in expression of HMGA are considered as marker of tumor progression, it is possible that similar changes in expression of NUCKS could be useful tool in diagnosis and prognosis of breast cancer. For identification and analysis of NUCKS we used proteomic and histochemical methods. Analysis of patient-matched samples of normal and breast cancer by mass spectrometry revealed elevated levels of NUCKS in protein extracts from ductal breast cancers. We elicited specific a...

Cooperation of Notch and Ras/MAPK signaling pathways in human breast carcinogenesis

Molecular Cancer — Wed, 23 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: High level expression of Notch receptors and ligands, and its increased activation in several breast cancers and early precursors places Notch signaling as a key player in breast cancer pathogenesis. Its cooperation with the Ras/MAPK pathway in transformation offers combined inhibition of the two pathways as a new modality for breast cancer treatment. (Source: Molecular Cancer)

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Gene amplification in ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment — Mon, 21 Dec 2009 23:02:34 +0100

Abstract Multiple different biologically and clinically relevant genes are often amplified in invasive breast cancer, including HER2, ESR1, CCND1, and MYC. So far, little is known about their role in tumor progression. To investigate their significance for tumor invasion, we compared pure ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) and DCIS associated with invasive cancer with regard to the amplification of these genes. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) was performed on a tissue microarray containing samples from 130 pure DCIS and 159 DCIS associated with invasive breast cancer. Of the latter patients, we analyzed the intraductal and invasive components separately. In addition, lymph node metastases of 23 patients with invasive carcinoma were included. Amplification rates of p...

Resolution of Menstrually Related Migraine Following Aggressive Treatment for Breast Cancer

Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain — Mon, 21 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Headache 2009;[bull][bull]:[bull][bull]-[bull][bull]) Hormonal influences associated with the female menstrual cycle play strong roles in both migraine and particular types of breast cancer, but there is limited literature on the effects of breast cancer treatment regimens in women with migraine. The present case describes resolution of menstrually related migraine following aggressive treatment for infiltrating ductal carcinoma (neoadjuvant chemotherapy, single radical mastectomy, and locoregional radiation therapy) that was maintained with supplemental treatment using tamoxifen, an anti-estrogenic agent. This novel case is presented to stimulate further research into the hormonal mechanisms underlying migraine. (Source: Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain)

Resolution of Menstrually Related Migraine Following Aggressive Treatment for Breast Cancer.

Headache — Mon, 21 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Smitherman TA, Kolivas ED (Headache 2009;**:**-**) Hormonal influences associated with the female menstrual cycle play strong roles in both migraine and particular types of breast cancer, but there is limited literature on the effects of breast cancer treatment regimens in women with migraine. The present case describes resolution of menstrually related migraine following aggressive treatment for infiltrating ductal carcinoma (neoadjuvant chemotherapy, single radical mastectomy, and locoregional radiation therapy) that was maintained with supplemental treatment using tamoxifen, an anti-estrogenic agent. This novel case is presented to stimulate further research into the hormonal mechanisms underlying migraine. PMID: 20039954 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Hea...

A Comparison of the Proteomic Expression in Pooled Saliva Specimens from Individuals Diagnosed with Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast with and without Lymph Node Involvement

Journal of Oncology — Sun, 20 Dec 2009 13:47:42 +0100

The objective was to compare the salivary protein profiles of saliva specimens from individuals diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast (IDC) with and without lymph node involvement. Methods. Three pooled saliva specimens from women were analyzed. One pooled specimen was from healthy women; another was from women diagnosed with Stage IIa IDC and a specimen from women diagnosed with Stage IIb. The pooled samples were trypsinized and the peptide digests labeled with the appropriate iTRAQ reagent. Labeled peptides from each of the digests were combined and analyzed by reverse phase capillary chromatography on an LC-MS/MS mass spectrometer. Results. The results yielded approximately 174 differentially expressed proteins in the saliva specimens. There were 55 proteins that were c...

Perivascular carotid inflammation: an unusual case of carotidynia

Rheumatology International — Sat, 19 Dec 2009 16:43:40 +0100

Abstract A 59-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with a fever and rigors for 2 days. She was on chemotherapy (docetaxel, carboplatin, and trastuzumab) for her stage II invasive ductal carcinoma of the breast. Her physical exam was unremarkable except for the fever. The white blood cells were 21,200/mm3 with 92% of neutrophils. ESR was 106 mm/h. An extensive infectious workup was negative. On day 6, while still febrile, the patient complained of a left-sided neck pain. She exhibited tenderness over the left carotid artery. A CT scan of the neck without intravenous contrast showed perivascular inflammation of the left common carotid artery, without evidence of a collection, arterial thrombosis, aneurysm, or dissection. The etiology of this finding was possibly c...

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New Type Of Breast Cancer Stops Women In Their Tracks

Cancercompass News: Breast Cancer — Sat, 19 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Laufer was diagnosed with a perplexing condition called ductal carcinoma in situ, or DCIS, a growth of malignant cells inside the milk ducts of the breast. Though some doctors describe the condition to patients as a very early breast cancer, others compare it to a precancer. (Source: Cancercompass News: Breast Cancer)

Multimodality Screening of High-Risk Women: A Prospective Cohort Study [Breast Cancer]

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Thu, 17 Dec 2009 23:02:56 +0100

Conclusion The addition of MRI to mammography in the high-risk group has the greatest potential to detect additional mammographically occult cancers. The incremental cancer yield of WBUS and DM is much less. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

Clinicopathologic characteristics of pleomorphic carcinoma of the breast

Virchows Archiv — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 07:01:29 +0100

Abstract Pleomorphic carcinoma of the breast is considered a rare variant of high-grade ductal NOS carcinoma (NOS-IDC), and the prognosis is poor. However, its clinicopathologic features are not well-characterized. Using the criteria delineated in the World Health Organization breast tumor classification of 2003, ten cases of pleomorphic carcinoma were identified from 9794 NOS-IDC in our archived materials that were originally diagnosed as high-grade infiltrating ductal carcinoma of breast. To investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics and to elucidate the histologic diagnosis and differential diagnosis of this entity, we reviewed the pathology manifestations and clinical features of these cases and examined the tumor expression of ER, PR, PCNA, AE1/AE3, p53, S-100,...

Widespread and multifocal carcinomas in situ (CISs) through almost the entire pancreas: report of a case with preoperative cytological diagnosis

Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 07:01:27 +0100

Conclusions From our experience, we conclude that examination for CIS of the pancreas must be recommended whenever dilatation of relatively large pancreatic ducts is found by ultrasound or computed tomography. We should therefore advance to magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and then cytological and/or pathological assessment of the pancreatic duct whenever non-continuous narrowing, localized dilatation, or other irregularities are encountered. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case Management and Clinical ConsequencesDOI 10.1007/s00423-009-0579-4Authors Makoto Seki, Cancer Institute of the JFCR Departments of Surgery 3-10-6 Ariake, Koto-ku Tokyo 135-8550 JapanEiji Ninomiya, Kasumigaseki-Building Clinic De...

Reproducibility of new classification schemes for the pathology of ductal carcinoma in situ of the breast

Advances in Anatomic Pathology — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 15:00:31 +0100

No abstract available (Source: Advances in Anatomic Pathology)

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SABCS: Adjuvant Therapy for DCIS Reduces the Risk of Recurrence (CME/CE)

MedPage Today Hematology/Oncology — Tue, 15 Dec 2009 13:29:59 +0100

SAN ANTONIO (MedPage Today) -- Adjuvant therapy for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) significantly reduced the risk of breast cancer recurrence, but radiotherapy and tamoxifen affected recurrence patterns differently, according to long-term data from a large, randomized clinical trial. (Source: MedPage Today Hematology/Oncology)

Benefits Of Shortened Breast Radiation Course Presented At SABCS

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 14 Dec 2009 12:00:00 +0100

New research being presented this week at the 32nd Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium by an investigator at The Cancer Institute of New Jersey (CINJ) highlights the benefit of a shortened radiation course to patients with the most common type of non-invasive breast cancer. Sharad Goyal, MD, instructor of radiation oncology at UMDNJ-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, is the lead researcher on a poster discussion, which focuses on patients with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), who have had a lumpectomy... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Ductoscopy in the Evaluation and Management of Nipple Discharge

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Fri, 11 Dec 2009 06:54:33 +0100

Conclusions We believe that, as the technology quickly improves, ductoscopy will become more widely accepted and applied for breast disorders, not only as a diagnostic tool but also as a privileged therapeutic option for certain pathologies. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Breast OncologyDOI 10.1245/s10434-009-0820-yAuthors Sedat Kamali, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital General Surgery Istanbul TurkeyÖmer Bender, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital General Surgery Istanbul TurkeyMehmet T. Aydin, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital General Surgery Istanbul TurkeyEnis Yuney, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital General Surgery Istanbul TurkeyGülçin Kamalı, Okmeydani Training and Research Hospital Pathology Istanbul Turkey Journal Ann...

The utility of EUS and CEH-EUS in the diagnosis of small pancreatic tumors

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Tue, 08 Dec 2009 05:00:00 +0100

(World Journal of Gastroenterology) A research team from Japan reported a patient with small invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas that is distinct from branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). The lesion in this patient was detected by Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) and the diagnosis was established accurately by contrast-enhanced harmonic EUS during the follow-up of the branch duct IPMN. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Resection of four synchronous invasive ductal carcinomas in the pancreas head and body associated with pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia: Report of a case

Surgery Today — Mon, 07 Dec 2009 19:37:42 +0100

This report describes a very rare case of four synchronous invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs) in the pancreas head and body with possible multicentricity. The patient was a 75-year-old woman. Abdominal dynamic computed tomography showed four low-density masses (25 mm, 20 mm, 10 mm, and 10 mm in diameter) in the pancreas head and body. The patient underwent a pylorus-preserving subtotal pancreatoduodenectomy. Histologically, the discontinuity between the four tumors was confirmed; one tumor (20 mm) was moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma, and the others (25 mm, 10 mm, and 10 mm) were papillary adenocarcinomas. Two smaller papillary adenocarcinomas were composed of abundant fibrosis, pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) 2–3, and IDC with stromal invasion. PanIN-1-...

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MRI Contrast-Uptake Kinetics Is Telling in DCIS

OncologySTAT Latest News — Wed, 02 Dec 2009 13:47:54 +0100

CHICAGO (EGMN) - Contrast-uptake kinetics at MRI had a 99% negative predictive value in excluding the presence of invasion in a prospective study of 134 women with ductal carcinoma in situ on core biopsy."MRI... (Source: OncologySTAT Latest News)

Abstract IA-14: Molecular alterations that predict premalignancy in breast cancer

Cancer Research — Wed, 02 Dec 2009 04:15:38 +0100

Approximately 15–30% of women diagnosed with ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) develop a subsequent tumor event within 10 years after surgical lumpectomy. To date, little is known about the molecular pathways that confer this differential risk for developing subsequent disease. Since DCIS is non-obligate precursor of invasive carcinoma, the majority of DCIS lesions are not associated with subsequent invasive tumors. Likely, many women diagnosed with DCIS who opt for surgery, with or without adjuvant treatment, are being overtreated. Identification of characteristics of DCIS that predict subsequent tumor development would advance our understanding of breast cancer and allow us to stratify a woman's individual risk for subsequent invasive tumors and avoid over- and undertreatment of wome...

Abstract A42: Small molecule activators of p53 for the treatment of inflammatory breast cancer

Cancer Research — Wed, 02 Dec 2009 04:15:23 +0100

Although rare, inflammatory breast cancer (IBC) is the most aggressive form of breast cancer with a 5 year survival of 40% compared to 85% for ductal carcinoma in situ. The standard therapy for this disease is chemo- and radiation therapy; however there are currently no targeted therapies for IBC. Histopathology data suggests that 40–70% of IBC tumors express wild type p53, while approximately 40% are estrogen receptor positive (ER+). The disease is characterized by early and diffuse intravasation of the breast lymphatic vessels by the tumor cells which form emboli that block the drainage of the ducts leading to swelling of the affected breast and erythema. Efforts to increase survival from this often lethal disease have been hindered by the paucity of model systems for studying the ...

Addition of pathology and biomarker information significantly improves the performance of the Manchester scoring system for BRCA1 and BRCA2 testing

Journal of Medical Genetics — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 18:04:20 +0100

Discussion: Data from breast pathology allowed adjustment of BRCA1 and combined BRCA1/2 scores alone. There was a lack of pathological homogeneity for BRCA2, therefore specific pathological correlates could not be identified. Upward adjustments in BRCA1 mutation prediction scores were made for grade 3 ductal cancers, oestrogen receptor (ER) and triple-negative tumours. Downward adjustments in the score were made for grade 1 tumours, lobular cancer, ductal carcinoma in situ and ER/HER2 positivity. Application of the updated scoring system led to four and nine more mutations in BRCA1 being identified at the 10% and 20% threshold, respectively. Furthermore, 65 and 58 fewer cases met the 10% and 20% threshold, respectively, for testing. Moreover, the adjusted score significantly improved the t...

Analysis of stromal signatures in the tumor microenvironment of ductal carcinoma in situ

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 08:33:05 +0100

This study is a first characterization of these signatures in DCIS. These signatures have significant clinicopathologic associations and tend to be conserved as the tumor progresses from DCIS to invasive breast cancer. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Preclinical studyDOI 10.1007/s10549-009-0654-0Authors M. Sharma, Stanford University Hospital Department of Pathology Room L235, 300 Pasteur Drive Stanford CA 94305 USAA. H. Beck, Stanford University Hospital Department of Pathology Room L235, 300 Pasteur Drive Stanford CA 94305 USAJ. A. Webster, Stanford University Hospital Department of Pathology Room L235, 300 Pasteur Drive Stanford CA 94305 USAI. Espinosa, Stanford University Hospital Department of Pathology Room L235, 300 Pasteur Drive Stanford CA 94305 USAK. Montgomery, Stanfo...

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Fibroblast Hepatocyte Growth Factor Promotes Invasion of Human Mammary Ductal Carcinoma In situ

Cancer Research — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 05:08:12 +0100

Stromal-derived hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) acting through its specific proto-oncogene receptor c-Met has been suggested to play a paracrine role in the regulation of tumor cell migration and invasion. The transition from preinvasive ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to invasive breast carcinoma is marked by infiltration of stromal fibroblasts and the loss of basement membrane. We hypothesized that HGF produced by the infiltrating fibroblasts may alter proteolytic pathways in DCIS cells, and, to study this hypothesis, established three-dimensional reconstituted basement membrane overlay cocultures with two human DCIS cell lines, MCF10.DCIS and SUM102. Both cell lines formed large dysplastic structures in three-dimensional cultures that resembled DCIS in vivo and occasionally developed inv...

Is excisional biopsy indicated for patients with lobular neoplasia diagnosed on percutaneous core needle biopsy of the breast?

American Journal of Surgery — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Excisional biopsy for lobular neoplasia did not identify understaged carcinoma or alter the rate of subsequent carcinoma. The subsequent carcinoma risk is diffuse and bilateral; it does not correlate with the site at which lobular neoplasia was diagnosed. (Source: American Journal of Surgery)

Young With DCIS? Recurrence Risk Is Higher

Ob.Gyn. News — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Women younger than age 45 years who were treated with lumpectomy and radiation for ductal carcinoma in situ were 68% more likely than were older women to have a local recurrence, a large population-based study found. (Source: Ob.Gyn. News)

Breast Cancer with Cartilaginous and/or Osseous Metaplasia Diagnosed by Lymph Nodal Metastasis:A Case Report.

Acta Med Okayama — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

We report the case of a 49 year-old female who underwent right mastectomy for a large breast tumor. Histological examinations revealed a mixed tumor with both stromal and epithelial elements;the stroma showed poor differentiated spindle-shape and multiform cells with a massive osseous matrix, and atypical epithelial cells, which mainly existed on the surface of the cysts, showed nucleic atypia. The tumor was diagnosed as a malignant phyllodes tumor with osteosarcomatous differentiation;it was not identified as a metaplastic carcinoma because of the lack of proof of a cancerous component. Two years after a mastectomy, swelling of the axillary lymph nodes was found and a biopsy was performed. Histological findings for the lymph node indicated a metastasis of the invasive ductal carcinoma. Th...

Breast cancer with cartilaginous and/or osseous metaplasia diagnosed by lymph nodal metastasis: a case report.

Acta Med Okayama — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

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Characterization of Breast Cancer Types by Texture Analysis of Magnetic Resonance Images

Academic Radiology — Mon, 30 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that MRI TA differentiates breast cancer from normal tissue and may be able to distinguish between two histological types of breast cancer providing more accurate characterization of breast lesions thereby offering a new tool for radiological analysis of breast MRI. (Source: Academic Radiology)

Dual effects of TGF-beta on ERalpha-mediated estrogenic transcriptional activity in breast cancer

Molecular Cancer — Fri, 27 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: These results suggest that aberrant expression of Smad4 or disruption of Smad4 activity lead to the loss of TGF-beta suppression of ERalpha transactivity in breast cancer cells. (Source: Molecular Cancer)

A distinct microvascular pattern accompanied by aggressive clinical course in breast carcinomas: A fact or a coincidence?

Pathology, Research and Practice — Fri, 27 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Safali M, Karslioğlu Y, Arpaci F, Kurt B, Günhan O The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential relationship of microvascular growth patterns with survival in invasive breast carcinomas. Thirty-one invasive ductal carcinoma cases, followed up at least for 38 months, constituted our series. All cases had been studied for ER/PR and HER2/neu expression. Clinicopathological and survival data were obtained from the archives. Tissue sections from all cases were stained with CD34 antibody to highlight the microvascular network and to measure microvessel density (MVD). The cases were then classified according to the dominance of one of the five recognizable microvascular patterns. Cox proportional hazard regression model, Fisher's exact test, and multivariate general...

Designer Monotransregulators Provide a Basis for a Transcriptional Therapy for de novo Endocrine-Resistant Breast Cancer.

Molecular Medicine — Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Nott SL, Huang Y, Kalkanoglu A, Harper K, Chen M, Paoni SF, Fenton BM, Muyan M The main circulating estrogen hormone 17beta-estradiol (E2) contributes to the initiation and progression of breast cancer. Estrogen receptors (ERs), as transcription factors, mediate the effects of E2. Ablation of the circulating E2 and/or prevention of ER functions constitute approaches for ER-positive breast cancer treatments. These modalities are, however, ineffective in de novo endocrine-resistant breast neoplasms that do not express ERs. The interaction of E2-ERs with specific DNA sequences, estrogen responsive elements (EREs), of genes constitutes one genomic pathway necessary for cellular alterations. We herein tested the prediction that specific regulation of ERE-driven genes by an engineer...

A polymorphic variant in human MDM4 associates with accelerated age of onset of estrogen receptor negative breast cancer

Carcinogenesis — Wed, 25 Nov 2009 18:49:47 +0100

This study evaluated the association of a SNP in human MDM4 (C>T) with age of onset of breast cancer in two independent cohorts. In cohort 1 of 675 patients, the average age of diagnosis for women with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive and ER-negative breast cancers was 53.2 and 48 years, respectively. In this cohort, homozygous variant (TT) carriers developed ER-negative carcinomas at an earlier age than homozygous wild-type (CC) or heterozygous (TC) such that the age at diagnosis was accelerated by 5.0 years (P = 0.018). This association was validated in a second cohort of breast cancer patients (n = 148), where TT carriers with ER-negative cancer developed the disease 3.8 years earlier than CC carriers (P = 0.006). The effect was more pronounced in Caucasians with ER-negative ductal ca...

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Better Prognosis Seen With Tubular Breast Cancer Versus Grade I Ductal Cancer

Medscape Today Headlines — Wed, 25 Nov 2009 18:49:02 +0100

New research confirms that tubular carcinoma (TC) of the breast has an excellent prognosis and goes on to show that outcomes are better than with grade I ductal carcinomas. Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Local excision alone enough for highly selected patients with low/intermediate-grade DCIS

HemOncToday.com — Wed, 25 Nov 2009 10:55:00 +0100

(Source: HemOncToday.com)

A novel tumor suppressor gene RhoBTB2 (DBC2): Frequent loss of expression in sporadic breast cancer

Molecular Carcinogenesis — Wed, 25 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

RhoBTB2 was isolated recently as a tumor suppressor gene from human chromosome 8p21.3. Although RhoBTB2 was found to be frequently lost in breast cancer lines, expression status of RhoBTB2 in sporadic breast cancer tissues and its clinical and prognostic value, however, remain unclear. Tissue samples from breast cancer patients and normal controls and cell samples from cell lines were collected and reverse transcription (RT)-PCR was used to monitor the presence of RhoBTB2 mRNA. The protein expression of RhoBTB2 was detected by immunohistochemical staining. Cumulative survival time was assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox regression model. We discovered that RhoBTB2 expression was lacking in a breast ductal epithelial carcinoma cell line T-47D but was expressed in other types of tumo...

Breast-conserving surgery in 201 very young patients (

Breast — Wed, 25 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Breast conservation in very young patients achieves an acceptable local control rate. No prognostic factors were associated with local events. PMID: 19944605 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Breast)

Mammographic features of breast cancer: Analysis of 118 cases

The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology — Tue, 24 Nov 2009 07:05:39 +0100

Conclusion The microcalcifications are the most frequently basal X-ray signs in DCIS. Architecture distortion and focal asymmetric density are special X-ray signs that were easily missed. The abnormal vessels are also important accompaniment signs of breast cancer. The use of coned compression technique is particularly important to improve the radiological diagnosis of breast cancer. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10330-009-0155-yAuthors Zhijian Cao, Kunming Women and Children Healthcare Hospital Department of Radiology Kunming 650031 China Journal The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical OncologyOnline ISSN 1613-9089Print ISSN 1610-1979 Journal Volume Volume 8 Journal Issue Volume 8, Number 11 / November, 2009 (Source: The Chinese-German Journa...

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Nuclear detection of Y-box protein-1 (YB-1) closely associates with progesterone receptor negativity and is a strong adverse survival factor in human breast cancer

BMC Cancer — Tue, 24 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Monoclonal YB-1 antibody F-E2G5 should be of great value for prospective studies to validate YB-1 as a novel biomarker suitable to optimize breast cancer treatment. (Source: BMC Cancer)

Clonal Relationship Between Closely Approximated Low-Grade Ductal and Lobular Lesions in the Breast: A Molecular Study of 10 Cases.

American Journal of Clinical Pathology — Mon, 23 Nov 2009 04:50:41 +0100

In this study, we analyzed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in 10 cases of coexistent ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), and invasive carcinoma. DNA from the separate components of each lesion was subjected to LOH analysis using 13 markers on 7 chromosomes. In 7 cases, the DCIS and LCIS shared loss of a common allele, suggesting a clonal relationship. The invasive component shared loss of the same allele in 5 tumors. This finding indicates that coexistent lobular and ductal carcinomas exhibit shared genetic abnormalities, contradicting the conventional concept that these lesions represent separate, exclusive pathways of breast neoplasia. Instead, these traditionally segregated classes of breast cancer may, in fact, share common precursor lesions. PMID: 19926...

Synchronous Bilateral Breast Carcinoma in a Patient with Cowden Syndrome: A Case Report with Morphologic, Immunohistochemical and Genetic Analysis

The Breast Journal — Mon, 23 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

We reported a 44-year-old woman presenting SBBC and characteristic mucocutaneous lesions of CS, confirmed by PTEN gene mutation analysis. Bilateral modified mastectomy and axillary dissection were performed. Histopathologic examination revealed a moderate-differentiated invasive ductal carcinoma with mixed features of luminal A immunophenotype (Estrogen and/or Progesterone Receptors >50% and/or Ki67 < 30% of positive cells). The skin lesions showed the characteristic findings of tricholemmoma. Lack of PTEN expression was observed in all specimens. Sequencing analysis confirmed the presence of PTEN splice-acceptor site mutation in intron 8 (c.1027-2A>G), a germline mutation which had not been previously reported in CS. The patient received adjuvant chemotherapy and tamoxifen for 5 years. Af...

Quantitative Diffusion-Weighted Imaging as an Adjunct to Conventional Breast MRI for Improved Positive Predictive Value

American Journal of Roentgenology — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 19:03:24 +0100

CONCLUSION. DWI shows potential for improving the PPV of breast MRI for lesions of varied types and sizes. However, considerable overlap in ADC of benign and malignant lesions necessitates validation of these findings in larger studies. (Source: American Journal of Roentgenology)

Short-Term Follow-Up of Palpable Breast Lesions With Benign Imaging Features: Evaluation of 375 Lesions in 320 Women

American Journal of Roentgenology — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 19:03:24 +0100

CONCLUSION. Short-term follow-up is a reasonable alternative to biopsy of palpable breast lesions with benign imaging features, particularly for young women with probable fibroadenoma. (Source: American Journal of Roentgenology)

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Columnar cell lesions and pseudoangiomatous hyperplasia like stroma: is there an epithelial-stromal interaction?

International Journal of Clinical and Experimental Pathology — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 10:38:02 +0100

Authors: Recavarren RA, Chivukula M, Carter G, Dabbs DJ The significance of association between cancer and its microenvironment has been increasingly recognized. It has been shown in animal models that interaction between neoplastic epithelial cells and adjacent stroma can modulate tumor behavior. Carcinoma associated stromal cells can transform normal epithelial cells into neoplastic cells. In breast, columnar cell lesions are non-obligate precursors of low grade ductal carcinoma in situ. Columnar cell lesions can be seen intimately associated with PASH-like-stroma, a lesion we termed as CCPLS. Our aim is to investigate epithelial-stromal interactions in CCPLS and compare them to PASH without columnar cell lesions in breast core needle biopsies. Normal terminal duct lobular unit (TDLU...

Small invasive ductal carcinoma of the pancreas distinct from branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 04:12:11 +0100

This report describes a case of small adenocarcinoma of the pancreas distinct from branch duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN) in which investigation by EUS took place every 6 mo and diagnosis was made accurately by additional CEH-EUS during the follow-up of the branch duct IPMN. A 68-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of a branch duct IPMN in the pancreatic body. She had been followed-up by EUS every 6 mo. However, after 2 years EUS demonstrated a low echoic area distinct from the branch duct IPMN which was vaguely discernible by EUS, and accurate sizing and differential diagnosis were considered difficult on the EUS imaging. CH-EUS with Sonazoid revealed a hypovascular tumor and we suspected small pancreatic carcinoma. The histopathological diagnosis was ...

Clinical Implications of Subcategorizing BI-RADS 4 Breast Lesions associated with Microcalcification: A Radiology–Pathology Correlation Study

The Breast Journal — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Currently radiologists have the option of subcategorizing BI-RADS 4 breast lesions into 4A (low suspicion for malignancy), 4B (intermediate suspicion of malignancy), and 4C (moderate concern, but not classic for malignancy). To determine the clinical significance of BI-RADS 4 subcategories and the common pathologic changes associated with these mammographic lesions, a retrospective review of 239 consecutive stereotactic-needle core biopsies (SNCB) for microcalcifications was performed. All 239 SNCBs were BI-RADS 4 lesions, and of these, 191 were subcategorized to 4A, 4B or 4C. Ninety-four of 191 (49%) were 4A, 73 (38%) were 4B, and 24 (13%) were 4C. Fibrocystic change was the most common finding (66/239; 28%) followed by ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) accounting for 23% of cases...

Calcitriol inhibits Ether-à go-go potassium channel expression and cell proliferation in human breast cancer cells.

Experimental Cell Research — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Calcitriol inhibits Ether-à go-go potassium channel expression and cell proliferation in human breast cancer cells. Exp Cell Res. 2009 Nov 19; Authors: García-Becerra R, Díaz L, Camacho J, Barrera D, Ordaz-Rosado D, Morales A, Ortiz CS, Avila E, Bargallo E, Arrecillas M, Halhali A, Larrea F Antiproliferative actions of calcitriol have been shown to occur in many cell types; however, little is known regarding the molecular basis of this process in breast carcinoma. Ether-à-go-go (Eag1) potassium channels promote oncogenesis and are implicated in breast cancer cell proliferation. Since calcitriol displays antineoplastic effects while Eag1 promotes tumorigenesis, and both factors antagonically regulate cell cycle progression, we investigated a possible regulato...

Magnetic Resonance Imaging Screening of the Contralateral Breast in Women With Newly Diagnosed Breast Cancer: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Incremental Cancer Detection and Impact on Surgical Management [REVIEW ARTICLE]

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Wed, 18 Nov 2009 23:02:37 +0100

Conclusion MRI detects contralateral lesions in a substantial proportion of women, but does not reliably distinguish benign from malignant findings. Relatively high ICDR may be due to selection bias and/or overdetection. Women must be informed of the uncertain benefit and potential harm, including additional investigations and surgery. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

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Declining recurrence among ductal carcinoma in situ patients treated with breast-conserving surgery in the community setting

Breast Cancer Research — Wed, 18 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The marked increase in the 1990s in the use of adjuvant therapy for DCIS patients treated with BCS in the community setting only partially explains the 50% decline in risk of recurrence risk. Changes in pathology factors have likely also contributed to this decline. (Source: Breast Cancer Research)

Microglandular adenosis or microglandular adenoma? A molecular genetic analysis of a case associated with atypia and invasive carcinoma

Histopathology — Tue, 17 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Similar to adenomas, MGA is, at least in some cases, a clonal lesion and may be a non-obligate precursor of a subgroup of high-grade triple-negative and basal-like breast carcinomas. (Source: Histopathology)

Excision alone inadequate for high grade DCIS

MedWire News - Oncology — Fri, 13 Nov 2009 13:48:26 +0100

Excision alone is inadequate treatment for patients with high-grade ductal carcinoma in situ, but may be suitable for patients with low- or intermediate-grade lesions, US study findings indicate. (Source: MedWire News - Oncology)

Excision alone inadequate for high grade DCIS

MedWire News - Breast Cancer — Fri, 13 Nov 2009 13:48:25 +0100