MedWorm: Endometrioid Carcinoma

Expression of mitochondrial transcription factor A in endometrial carcinomas: clinicopathologic correlations and prognostic significance

Virchows Archiv — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 17:55:00 +0100

This study investigated the relationship between the immunohistochemical expression of mtTFA and various clinicopathological variables in 276 endometrial carcinomas, including 245 endometrioid adenocarcinomas and 31 nonendometrioid carcinomas (21 serous carcinomas and 10 clear cell adenocarcinomas). Both uni- and multivariate regression analyses were performed. The mtTFA labeling index of endometrioid adenocarcinomas ranged from 0% to 98%, with a median value of 32%, which was selected as the cut-off point for mtTFA expression. The mtTFA expression in endometrioid adenocarcinomas was significantly associated with the surgical stage, myometrial invasion, lymphovascular space invasion, cervical invasion, and lymph node metastasis. In contrast, no correlation between clinicopathologic v...

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Genomic characterization of gene copy-number aberrations in endometrial carcinoma cell lines derived from endometrioid-type endometrial adenocarcinoma.

Technology in Cancer Research and Treatment — Sun, 14 Mar 2010 07:46:15 +0100

In this study, we used genome-wide microarray-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) technology to characterize five of the more commonly used endometrial cancer cell lines. We detected DNA copy-number gains in chromosomal regions 2q, 3p, 3q, 5q, 7p, 17q, and19q in all five cell lines. Other common sites of copy-number gains, which were detected in four of five cell lines, included segments of chromosomes 1, 6, 8, 9, 11, 12, and 16. In all five cell lines, we found DNA copy-number losses in regions 3p, 10p, 10q, 11q, 11p, 14q, 15q, 18p, and 21q. Other common sites of genetic aberrations included segments of chromosomes 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 16, 20, and 22. The genes involved in the copy-number alterations included the oncogenes PIK3CA (3q26.3), K-ras (12p12.1), R-ras (19q13.3-qter), Raf-1...

IRS1 Regulation by Wnt/{beta}-Catenin Signaling and Varied Contribution of IRS1 to the Neoplastic Phenotype [Mechanisms Of Signal Transduction]

Journal of Biological Chemistry — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 14:36:09 +0100

Dysregulation of β-catenin levels and localization and constitutive activation of β-catenin/TCF (T cell factor)-regulated gene expression occur in many cancers, including the majority of colorectal carcinomas and a subset of ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinomas. Based on the results of microarray-based gene expression profiling we found the insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) gene as one of the most highly up-regulated genes upon ectopic expression of a mutant, constitutively active form of β-catenin in the rat kidney epithelial cell line RK3E. We demonstrate expression of IRS1 can be directly activated by β-catenin, likely in part via β-catenin/TCF binding to TCF consensus binding elements located in the first intron and downstream of the IRS1 transcriptional star...

Thyroid transcription factor 1 expression in ovarian carcinomas is an independent prognostic factor

Human Pathology — Fri, 11 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

We examined the incidence of thyroid transcription factor 1 expression in gynecologic tumors in Japanese patients, and we further evaluated the presence of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations in thyroid transcription factor 1–positive gynecologic malignancies. A total of 186 patient samples collected at our hospitals between 1991 and 2006 were analyzed, and these specimens consisted of 83 ovarian carcinomas, 55 endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinomas of the uterus, 28 cervical adenocarcinomas of the uterus, and 20 leiomyosarcomas of the uterus. Thyroid transcription factor 1 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The presence of epidermal growth factor receptor mutations was investigated by polymerase chain reaction analyses. Thyroid transcription factor 1 was detected ...

Hormone replacement after gynaecological cancer

Maturitas — Mon, 07 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Treatment of gynaecological cancer frequently results in the loss of ovarian function and menopausal symptoms. Symptoms of iatrogenic menopause are usually significantly more intense than those of natural menopause due to sudden onset of symptoms, younger age and its effects on common physical and psychological problems of cancer therapy like body image concerns and sexual dysfunction. The most effective treatment for menopausal symptoms is hormone replacement therapy (HRT). However, it is very controversial if HRT is safe in patients after a gynaecological malignancy. The main concerns are the potential stimulation of residual cancer and the induction of new hormone-dependent disease. However, the majority of the most common gynaecological malignancies like squamous cell carcino...

Mixed Müllerian Tumors of the Female Genital Tract

Surgical Pathology Clinics — Mon, 30 Nov 2009 15:12:18 +0100

Abstract: Malignant mixed müllerian tumor (MMMT) and müllerian/mesodermal adenosarcoma are 2 of the most common mixed müllerian tumors of the female genital tract. MMMT is a biphasic neoplasm, composed of morphologically malignant epithelial and stromal components. MMMT should be distinguished from endometrioid adenocarcinoma with spindle cell elements, “dedifferentiated” endometrioid carcinoma, and combined adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine carcinoma. Adenosarcoma is also biphasic; it is composed of morphologically benign or low-grade appearing epithelial components and malignant stromal components. The differential diagnosis of adenosarcoma includes MMMT, endometrial stromal tumor containing endometrioid glands, benign endometrial or endocervical polyp, adenofibroma, adenomyoma, ...

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Ovarian cancer in endometriosis: epidemiology, natural history, and clinical diagnosis

International Journal of Clinical Oncology — Sat, 24 Oct 2009 05:57:41 +0100

Abstract We review whether endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer is a specific entity compared with ovarian cancer not associated with endometriosis, with respect to epidemiology, natural history, and clinical diagnosis; we present a review of the English-language literature for ovarian cancer in endometriosis with respect to these three features. A recent prospective study in Japan directly showed that, during a follow-up of up to 17 years of an ovarian endometrioma cohort (n = 6398), 46 incident ovarian cancers were identified, showing that the ovarian cancer risk was significantly elevated in patients with ovarian endometrioma (standardized incidence ratio [SIR], 8.95; 95% confidence interval [CI], 4.12 to 15.3). Advancing age (>40 years) and the size of the endomet...

The sensitivity and specificity of a new formula to distinguish endometrioid type endometrial carcinoma from ovarian endometrial carcinoma

European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology — Mon, 28 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100

In this study, we established a formula to distinguish ovarian endometrioid cancer (EOC) from endometrioid type endometrial cancer (EEC), based on our previous report of cyclin and KI67 expression pattern by immunohistochemistry of 36 EECc and 37 OECc by the logistic regression. We calculated the diagnostic accuracy using 92 test samples retrospectively and finally could diagnose the origin of 16 cases in whom endometrioid type adenocarcinoma arose in both ovary and endometrium and could be determined by Scully's criteria, and 15 cases in whom endometrioid type adenocarcinoma arose in both ovary and endometrium and Scully's criteria were not usuful retrospectively.Results: The estimated formula is as follows: Logit(Prob(EOC))=−1.1437−0.0853 CNA+0.0423 CNB+0.173 CND1+0.0129 CNE+0.0224 C...

CDX-2 expression is a common event in primary intestinal-type endocervical adenocarcinoma.

American Journal of Clinical Pathology — Mon, 21 Sep 2009 05:12:33 +0100

Authors: Saad RS, Ismiil N, Dubé V, Nofech-Mozes S, Khalifa MA We studied the expression of cytokeratin (CK) 7, CK20, CDX-2, and p16 in 119 cervical adenocarcinomas (65 usual type [50 invasive; 15 in situ], 37 intestinal type [21 invasive; 16 in situ], 10 endometrioid, 5 adenosquamous, and 2 signet-ring carcinomas) in comparison with 55 cases of rectal adenocarcinomas. The percentage of cells staining was considered negative if 0% to 5% stained; more than 5% was considered positive. For p16, staining of more than 50% was considered positive. CK7 was expressed in all cervical cases and in 12 rectal adenocarcinomas (22%). CK20 was expressed in 17 cervical adenocarcinomas (14.3%) and in 48 rectal adenocarcinomas (87%). CK20 immunostaining was diffuse in the majority of rectal tumors ...

Adenosquamous carcinoma of the ovary arising from endometriosis: two case reports

Cases Journal — Sun, 02 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

The author reports two cases of adenosquamous carcinoma arising from endometriosis of ovaries. The tumor patients were 38-year-old and 53-year-old women. Both patients underwent hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for ovarian carcinomas. Grossly, both ovarian tumors were located in the left ovaries, and were cystic tumors with mural tumors. Histologically, the cystic areas consisted of endometrial glandular epithelium. Both mural tumors were composed of grade I endometroid adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma. These two elements were admixed in some areas. A differentiation of endometrioid adenocarcinoma from the endometriosis were present in a few areas. Likewise, a differentiation of squamous cell carcinoma from the endometriosis were recognized in several areas. The p...

Clinicopathological significance of cyclin A, p27 and Skp2 in ovarian epithelial tumors

Basic and Applied Pathology — Mon, 18 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Cyclin A and skp2 expression is related to the development of ovarian carcinomas. However, we could not find a significant alteration of p27 expression in ovarian adenocarcinomas. (Source: Basic and Applied Pathology)

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PRK1 distribution in normal tissues and carcinomas: overexpression and activation in ovarian serous carcinoma

Human Pathology — Thu, 07 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Summary: Protein kinase C–related kinases are regulated by phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase and Rho family GTPases. The isoform PRK1 has been characterized in detail in prostate cancer, but not in other carcinomas. We analyzed our prior microarray data for PRK1 gene expression in 175 carcinomas and evaluated tissue microarrays for protein expression in 251 carcinomas and a comprehensive group of normal tissues. We also used immunoblotting to determine the levels and phosphoactivation status of PRK1, PRK2, and PDK1 in 12 ovarian serous carcinomas, SKOV3 cells, and 3 samples of normal ovarian surface epithelium (OSE). The highest average level of PRK1 messenger RNA was observed in ovarian serous carcinomas compared with all other carcinomas, including those of the prostate, bladder/ureter, br...

Miscellaneous Uterine Malignant Neoplasms Detected during Hysteroscopic Surgery

The Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology — Fri, 01 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Resectoscopic surgery in women with miscellaneous uterine malignant lesions not adversely affect 5-year survival and long-term prognosis. (Source: The Journal of Minimally Invasive Gynecology)

Reproducibility determination of WHO classification of endometrial hyperplasia / well differentiated adenocarcinoma and comparison with computerized morphometric data in curettage specimens In Iran.

Diagnostic Pathology — Wed, 25 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: It may be necessary to make some revisions in WHO classification for endometrial hyperplasia and precancerous lesions. (Source: Diagnostic Pathology)

Comparative proteomic study of two closely related ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma cell lines using cIEF fractionation and pathway analysis

Electrophoresis — Mon, 16 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100

The proteomic profiles from two distinct ovarian endometrioid tumor-derived cell lines, (MDAH-2774 and TOV-112D) each with different morphological characteristics and genetic mutations, have been studied. Characterization of the differential global protein expression between these two cell lines has important implications for the understanding of the pathogenesis of ovarian endometrioid carcinoma. In this comparative proteomic study, extensive fractionation of peptides generated from whole-cell trypsin digestion was achieved by coupling cIEF in the first-dimensional separation with capillary LC (RP-HPLC) in the second dimensional separation. Online analysis was performed using tandem mass spectra acquired by a linear ion trap mass spectrometer from triplicate runs. A total of 1749 and 1955...

Clinicopathological characteristics of mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary.

Gynecologic Oncology — Mon, 09 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of mucinous invasive adenocarcinoma was difficult. Since patients with mucinous invasive adenocarcinoma had a lower response to chemotherapy, aggressive cytoreductive surgery was an effective treatment to improve the prognosis for advanced stage patients. A new chemotherapeutic regimen should be established for mucinous adenocarcinoma of the ovary. PMID: 19275957 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gynecologic Oncology)

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Synchronous primary cancers of the endometrium and ovary: review of 43 cases

The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology — Sat, 14 Feb 2009 10:12:17 +0100

Conclusion Synchronous primary cancers of the endometrium and ovary were different from either the primary endometrial or ovarian cancer, while usually it can be detected in early stage with a good prognosis. The impact of the CA125 level on prognosis needs to be further studied. Surgery treatment alone may be enough for early stage patients. Chemotherapy plus radiotherapy may be necessary for advanced patients. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10330-008-0146-4Authors Shaokang Ma, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Caner Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100021 ChinaHongtu Zhang, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Department of Pathology, Caner Hospital, Peking Union Medical College Beijing 100021 ChinaYangch...

Primary Undifferentiated Ovarian Carcinoma Diagnosed by its Metastasis to Brain: An Unusual Case Report.

Turkish Neurosurgery — Fri, 26 Dec 2008 13:25:52 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Although metastasis from undifferentiated ovarian carcinomas to the central nervous system have been published with the CNS disease often developing long after the initial diagnosis of primary tumour; simultaneous diagnosis of primary undifferentiated carcinoma of the ovary and its CNS metastasis as described in our case may rarely occur. PMID: 19107695 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Turkish Neurosurgery)

[Gynecologic Cancer] Carcinoma of the Lower Uterine Segment: A Newly Described Association With Lynch Syndrome

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Thu, 18 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion The prevalence of Lynch syndrome in patients with LUS endometrial carcinoma (29%) is much greater than that of the general endometrial cancer patient population (1.8%) or in endometrial cancer patients younger than age 50 years (8% to 9%). On the basis of our results, the possibility of Lynch syndrome should be considered in women with LUS tumors. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

Primary sex cord-like variant of endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from endometriosis

APMIS — Fri, 05 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100

Kauppila S, Altinörs M, Väre P, Liakka A, Knuuti E, Nissi R. Primary sex cord-like variant of endometrioid adenocarcinoma arising from endometriosis. Case report. APMIS 2008;116:842[ndash]5. Endometriosis, a relatively common disease generally affecting women in the reproductive age group, is mostly found in the pelvic organs. Although endometriosis is a benign disease, some malignant tumors have been reported to develop in endometriotic lesions, most commonly in the ovary. The relationship between endometriosis and malignancy is not well known, but the majority of endometriosis-associated ovarian malignancies are usually endometrioid adenocarcinomas and clear cell carcinomas. The sex cord-like variant of endometrioid adenocarcinoma is a rare tumor that histologically closely resembles t...

Cyr61, a member of ccn (connective tissue growth factor/cysteine-rich 61/nephroblastoma overexpressed) family, predicts survival of patients with endometrial cancer of endometrioid subtype.

Gynecologic Oncology — Tue, 11 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Cyr61 is highly expressed in some endometrial cancer of endometrioid subtype. Cyr61 expression and positive LNM were independent prognostic factors for patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Cyr61 might be a new molecular marker to predict the prognosis of patients with endometrioid adenocarcinoma. PMID: 19007976 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gynecologic Oncology)

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Combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and papillary serous carcinoma of the endometrium with pagetoid spread.

Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine — Sat, 01 Nov 2008 04:00:00 +0100

We report the first case, to our knowledge, of combined large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma and papillary serous carcinoma of the endometrium, with an unusual pagetoid spread of the neuroendocrine component into normal endometrial and endocervical glands. The endometrial carcinoma had a small serous component, but most of the tumor was characterized by solid sheets of medium to large cells with abundant mitotic figures, numerous apoptotic bodies, and foci of necrosis. This component was diffusely positive for neuroendocrine markers. Following surgery, the patient was treated with radiation therapy and chemotherapy. She was without evidence of progression at 5 months of follow-up. PMID: 18976022 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine)

Association between ovarian endometriosis and malignancy in the peri-menopausal period: report of two cases and review of the literature

Gynecological Surgery — Thu, 25 Sep 2008 07:21:41 +0100

We report two cases of peri-menopausal women in which endometriosis was associated to ovarian malignancy. The first case was a 49-year-old woman who underwent laparoscopic oophorectomy for an ovarian endometrioid cyst. Definitive histology showed ovarian endometrioid cyst with endometrioid and clear cell carcinoma. Subsequently, surgical restaging was performed. The other case was a 49-year-old woman who underwent hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy for an ovarian mass suggestive of endometriosis and uterine myomas. At frozen section examination, ovarian adenocarcinoma was found and staging procedure was performed. Definitive histology showed carcinosarcoma of the ovary with areas of endometriod adenocarcinoma. Given the non-infrequent association between ovarian endometriosis a...

High frequency of RASSF1A and RARb2 gene promoter methylation in morphologically normal endometrium adjacent to endometrioid adenocarcinoma.

Histopathology — Mon, 08 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Promoter region methylation of RASSF1A and RARb2 genes is an early event in endometrial carcinogenesis. PMID: 18783461 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Histopathology)

Endometrial Effects of Tibolone in Elderly, Osteoporotic Women.

Obstetrics and Gynecology — Mon, 01 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Tibolone treatment during 3 years minimally increased endometrial thickness, hyperplastic polyps, endometrial carcinoma, and vaginal bleeding. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.org, www.clinicaltrials.org, NCT00519857 LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: I. PMID: 18757665 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology)

CD10 Immunostaining distinguishes atypical polypoid adenomyofibroma (atypical polypoid adenomyoma) from endometrial carcinoma invading the myometrium.

American Journal of Surgery — Thu, 10 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, this study demonstrated differences in the CD10 immunoreactivity or immunostaining pattern between the stromal components of APA and myoinvasive endometrial carcinoma. This difference should lead to a more accurate diagnosis of APA (pseudo-myoinvasive lesion). Furthermore, the histogenesis of APA may perhaps be explained by "myofibromatous metaplasia" of the endometrial stromal cells. PMID: 18619643 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Surgery)

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Transitional cell carcinoma of the endometrium and endometrial carcinoma with transitional cell differentiation: a clinicopathologic study of 5 cases and review of the literature.

Human Pathology — Thu, 10 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mariño-Enríquez A, González-Rocha T, Burgos E, Stolnicu S, Mendiola M, Nogales FF, Hardisson D To date, only 16 cases of transitional cell carcinoma of the endometrium and endometrial carcinoma with transitional cell differentiation have been reported in the literature. We reviewed the clinicopathologic features of 5 cases of endometrial carcinoma with transitional cell differentiation. The mean age was 68 years, and all patients presented with postmenopausal bleeding. Macroscopically, the tumors were intracavitary and friable. Microscopically, the tumors were composed of tightly packed papillary structures with thin fibrovascular cores, resembling a transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary tract. One tumor showed exclusively transitional cell differentiation,...

Uterine Carcinosarcomas and Grade 3 Endometrioid Cancers: Evidence for Distinct Tumor Behavior.

Obstetrics and Gynecology — Tue, 01 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Carcinosarcomas present at more advanced stage and have worse survival than grade 3 endometrioid carcinomas. Carcinosarcomas may represent a distinct biologic entity. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: II. PMID: 18591309 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology)

[Expression and methylation of adenomatous polyposis coli gene in endometrioid adenocarcinoma.]

Chinese Journal of Cancer — Sun, 01 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: The expression and DNA methylation of APC gene are certainly related with the occurrence and development of endometrioid adenocarcinoma. PMID: 18570730 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chinese Journal of Cancer)

Imaging of endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterus metastatic to the ciliary body.

Thu, 01 May 2008 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Akcaer M, Milman T, Finger PT A 60-year-old woman with endometrioid adenocarcinoma (stage FIGO II) presented with left eye pain. A hysterectomy was to be preceded by pelvic radiation therapy (45 Gy). Ophthalmic examination with high frequency ultrasonography revealed a ciliary body tumor with iris extension. Positron emission tomography and computed tomography fusion revealed multifocal metastatic disease. A Finger iridectomy technique ciliary body tumor biopsy revealed metastatic endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Treatment with external beam radiation therapy (3,060 cGy in 17 daily fractions) resolved her ocular disease. Subsequent and rapidly evolving systemic carcinomatosis with brain involvement resulted in her death. This is the first reported case of endometrioid adenocarcino...

Biopsy histomorphometry predicts uterine myoinvasion by endometrial carcinoma: a Gynecologic Oncology Group study.

Human Pathology — Tue, 22 Apr 2008 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mutter GL, Kauderer J, Baak JP, Alberts D A barrier to nonsurgical management of premalignant endometrial disease is the need to perform hysterectomy to exclude concurrent myoinvasive endometrioid adenocarcinoma. Occult adenocarcinoma rates for premalignant disease diagnosed by biopsy or curettage are approximately 40%. We applied the histomorphometric 4-class rule ("4C," which measures epithelial abundance, thickness, and nuclear variation) to diagnostic biopsies to predict myoinvasive cancer outcomes at hysterectomy. Women with endometrial biopsies or curettages having a community diagnosis of atypical endometrial hyperplasia were enrolled in a clinical trial in which subsequent hysterectomy was scored for endometrial adenocarcinoma, and 4C rule ability to predict cancer out...

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Endometrioid endometrial adenocarcinoma recurring as carcinosarcoma

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research — Wed, 16 Apr 2008 01:19:40 +0100

Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research, Volume 34, Issue 2, Page 279-282, April 2008. Abstract Müllerian carcinosarcoma is currently regarded as a metaplastic (sarcomatous) carcinoma. Only five cases of pure ovarian adenocarcinoma recurring as carcinosarcoma have been documented in the literature. There are no documented cases of ... (Source: Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Research)

The role of omentectomy during the surgical staging in patients with clinical stage I endometrioid adenocarcinoma

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology — Thu, 03 Apr 2008 08:26:21 +0100

Conclusions We conclude that despite the presence of normal-appearing omentum, omentectomy should be performed as a component of surgical staging in the presence of positive peritoneal cytology. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s00432-008-0389-zAuthors Jale Metindir, Ankara Oncology Education and Research Hospital Department of Gynecology Ahmet Mithat Efendi Sok No: 58/11 06550 Çankaya/Ankara TurkeyGülay Bilir Dilek, Ankara Oncology Education and Research Hospital Department of Pathology Ankara Turkey Journal Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical OncologyOnline ISSN 1432-1335Print ISSN 0171-5216 (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology)

Lymphovascular space invasion does not predict vaginal relapses in stage I endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium.

Annals of Diagnostic Pathology — Sat, 08 Mar 2008 20:49:19 +0100

This study was conducted to determine whether, in a pure population of patients with International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage I endometrioid endometrial (S1EE) carcinoma that is confined to the uterus and without lymph node metastases, the presence of lymphovascular space invasion (LVSI) is positively associated with vaginal relapses. Pathologic reports for all S1EE diagnosed in a hysterectomy specimen during a 9-year period (1997-2005) were reviewed. Cases with LVSI were selected and immunohistochemical staining for CD34, factor VIII-related antigen and pancytokeratin were performed on the relevant slides for confirmation. Various established prognostic/predictive clinicopathologic parameters were documented for the whole cohort and were correlated with the presence or ...

Precise measurement of the E-cadherin repressor Snail in formalin-fixed endometrial carcinoma using protein lysate microarrays

Clinical and Experimental Metastasis — Fri, 29 Feb 2008 09:24:44 +0100

In conclusion, our results fit to the proposed function of Snail as a transcriptional repressor of E-cadherin and Cytokeratin 18 in primary human carcinomas and demonstrate the usefulness of protein lysate microarrays for the precise determination of proteins involved in epithelial-mesenchymal-transition. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10585-008-9149-3Authors Susanne Hipp, Technical University of Munich Institute of Pathology Trogerstrasse 18 81675 Munich GermanyAxel Walch, GSF-National Research Centre for Environment and Health Institute of Pathology Neuherberg GermanyTibor Schuster, Technical University of Munich Institute of Medical Statistics and Epidemiology Munich GermanyHeinz Höfler, Technical University of Munich Institute of Pathology Troge...

Expression of aquaporin-1 in normal, hyperplasic, and carcinomatous endometria.

International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics — Thu, 28 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: AQP1 may be involved in the tumorigenesis and progression of endometrioid adenocarcinoma by promoting angiogenesis, and AQP1 level may be both a tumor indicator and a new therapeutic target. PMID: 18313673 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics)

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Tumor-associated macrophages correlate with vascular space invasion and myometrial invasion in endometrial carcinoma.

Gynecologic Oncology — Mon, 18 Feb 2008 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Although on univariate analysis TAMs are associated with other poor prognosticators, on a multivariate analysis, TAMs appear only to be associated with MI and VI. TAMs may play a significant role in the biology of tumor progression of endometrial adenocarcinoma, but do not appear to be independent prognostic indicators of patient's survival. PMID: 18289648 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gynecologic Oncology)

[My approach] My approach to and thoughts on the typing of ovarian carcinomas

Journal of Clinical Pathology — Fri, 25 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100

Ovarian carcinomas of epithelial type comprise a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, each with a different underlying pathogenesis and natural behaviour. Accurate classification of ovarian carcinomas is important since each type may be associated with a different behaviour, natural history and outcome. Precise classification is also critical to determine whether alternative therapeutic strategies are appropriate for different tumour types. Previous studies have shown significant interobserver variation in the typing of ovarian carcinomas. There are several areas where there are particular difficulties; these include the distinction between high-grade serous and endometrioid adenocarcinomas and the distinction between a true clear cell carcinoma and clear cell areas within other adenocarcinom...

[Original articles] BNIP3 expression in endometrial cancer relates to active hypoxia inducible factor 1{alpha} pathway and prognosis

Journal of Clinical Pathology — Fri, 25 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: BNIP3 seems to be an important hypoxia-regulated molecule involved in endometrial cancer pathology. Given that high BNIP3 reactivity, being linked with poor post-operative outcome, has been linked with a favourable response to cytotoxic therapy (as previously indicated in experimental studies), high BNIP3 expression may be an indicator for adjuvant chemoradiotherapy in stage I endometrial carcinomas. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)

Primary fallopian tube carcinoma associated with ovulation induction; a case report

International Journal of Gynecological Cancer — Tue, 22 Jan 2008 00:00:00 +0100

We describe a case of a 38-year-old woman with primary infertility and a history of three ovulation inductions with gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist and gonadotrophins, referred for treatment of bilateral ovarian cysts, which were discovered in the beginning of the last cycle. During laparotomy, bilateral adnexal masses were identified, presumed to be of ovarian origin, and total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, infracolic omentectomy, and retroperitoneal lymph nodes sampling were performed. Histologic examination showed a primary right fallopian tube endometrioid adenocarcinoma and bilateral adnexal endometriosis. Surgery was followed by six cycles of combination chemotherapy using paclitaxel and carboplatin without significant complications. Although evidenc...

Neoangiogenesis and expression of hypoxia-inducible factor 1alpha, vascular endothelial growth factor, and glucose transporter-1 in endometrioid type endometrium adenocarcinomas.

Gynecologic Oncology — Thu, 10 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: HIF-1alpha was increasingly expressed from early stages through advance stages of endometrioid adenocarcinoma, paralleled by activation of its downstream genes such as GLUT-1, VEGF and increased angiogenesis. These results highlight the importance of hypoxia and related pathways in progression of endometrial carcinoma. PMID: 18191183 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gynecologic Oncology)

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Prohibitin silencing reverses stabilization of mitochondrial integrity and chemoresistance in ovarian cancer cells by increasing their sensitivity to apoptosis

International Journal of Cancer — Tue, 08 Jan 2008 05:00:00 +0100

Current approaches to the treatment of ovarian cancer are limited because of the development of resistance to chemotherapy. Prohibitin (Phb1) is a possible candidate protein that contributes to development of drug resistance, which could be targeted in neoplastic cells. Phb1 is a highly conserved protein that is associated with a block in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle and also with cell survival. Our study was designed to determine the role of Phb1 in regulating cellular growth and apoptosis in ovarian cancer cells. Our results showed that Phb1 content is differentially overexpressed in papillary serous ovarian carcinoma and endometrioid ovarian adenocarcinoma when compared to normal ovarian epithelium and was inversely related to Ki67 expression. Immunofluorescence microscopy and West...

Ovarian endometrioma-Risks factors of ovarian cancer development.

European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology — Mon, 24 Dec 2007 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Some endometriosis lesions may predispose to clear cell and endometrioid ovarian cancers. Advancing age and the size of endometriomas were independent predictors of development of ovarian cancer among women with ovarian endometrioma. PMID: 18162283 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology)

No Metastatic Cervical Adenocarcinomas in a Series of p16INK4a-Positive Mucinous or Endometrioid Advanced Ovarian Carcinomas: An Analysis of the AGO Ovarian Cancer Study Group.

International Journal of Gynecological Pathology — Sat, 22 Dec 2007 01:39:58 +0100

Page: 18DOI: 10.1097/pgp.0b013e318074b83fAuthors: Wentzensen, Nicolas M.D.; Bois, Andreas du M.D.; Kommoss, Stefan M.D.; Pfisterer, Jacobus M.D.; von Knebel Doeberitz, Magnus M.D.; Schmidt, Dietmar M.D.; Kommoss, Friedrich M.D. (Source: International Journal of Gynecological Pathology)

Four synchronous female genital malignancies: the ovary, cervix, endometrium and fallopian tube

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics — Sat, 08 Dec 2007 19:02:24 +0100

Discussion When compared with patients having metastatic lesions, most synchronous female malignancies are accompanied with early stage and low-grade with a more favorable prognosis. However, there is paucity of data for the exact criterion to distinguish primary tumors from metastatic lesions. In such cases, the validity of immunohistochemical and cloning studies are not clear. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/s00404-007-0520-4Authors Arzu Saglam, Hacettepe University School of Medicine Department of Pathology Ankara TurkeyGurkan Bozdag, Hacettepe University School of Medicine Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics Sihhiye Ankara 06100 TurkeyGamze Mocan Kuzey, Hacettepe University School of Medicine Department of Pathology Ankara TurkeyT...

Endometrioid carcinoma of the endometrium with choriocarcinomatous differentiation: a case report and review of the literature

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics — Sat, 08 Dec 2007 19:02:24 +0100

Conclusion Although endometrioid adenocarcinoma with choriocarcinomatous differentiation is known to behave in a more aggressive course, this disease may have a good prognosis with a clinically indolent course when it is small, and without elevated serum hCG levels. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/s00404-007-0526-yAuthors Metin Akbulut, Pamukkale University School of Medicine Department of Pathology Morfoloji Binasi, Kinikli 20070 Denizli TurkeyHulya Tosun, Pamukkale University School of Medicine Department of Pathology Morfoloji Binasi, Kinikli 20070 Denizli TurkeyMehmet Emin Soysal, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Denizli TurkeyOzer Oztekin, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Departme...

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Neither ovariectomy nor progestin treatment prevents endometrial neoplasia in pten(+/-) mice.

Gynecologic Oncology — Tue, 27 Nov 2007 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS.: Development of endometrial neoplasms and constitutive activation of the PI3K pathway in pten(+/-) mice is not affected by hormonal ablation or by progestin treatment. Loss of PTEN expression is common during human endometrial cancer development, and this may render lesions resistant to the effects of hormonal manipulation leading to treatment failure. PMID: 18048091 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gynecologic Oncology)

Molecular alterations in the pathogenesis of endometrial adenocarcinoma. Therapeutic implications

Clinical and Translational Oncology — Sat, 04 Aug 2007 09:02:35 +0100

Summary Molecular genetic evidence indicates that endometrial carcinoma likely develops as the result of a multistep process of oncogene activation and tumor suppressor gene inactivation. These molecular alterations appear to be specific for Type I (endometrioid) and Type II (non endometrioid) cancers. Type I cancers are characterized by mutation of PTEN, KRAS2, defects in DNA mismatch repair, as evidenced by the microsatellite instability phenotype, and a near diploid karyotype. Type II cancers often contain mutations of TP53 and Her-2/neu and are usually nondiploid. The clinical value of many of these molecular markers is now being tested and it may help to refine diagnosis and establish an accurate prognosis. Furthermore, some of these tumor biomarkers constitute the ta...

Adenomyosis involved by endometrial adenocarcinoma is a significant risk factor for deep myometrial invasion.

Annals of Diagnostic Pathology — Tue, 17 Jul 2007 13:40:31 +0100

This study of grade 1 endometrioid adenocarcinoma investigates whether patients with cancer-positive adenomyosis are at a different risk for deep myometrial invasion compared with those with cancer-negative adenomyosis. Ninety-three hysterectomy specimens with FIGO (International Federation of Gynecologists and Obstetricians) grade 1 endometrial endometrioid adenocarcinoma associated with adenomyosis were studied. Four experienced gynecologic pathologists retrospectively reviewed all hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. Myometrial invasion was confirmed by CD10-negative staining around glands with jagged outline surrounded by inflamed desmoplastic stroma. Adenomyosis was involved by adenocarcinoma in 46 cases, whereas it was carcinoma-negative in 47 cases. Myometrial invasion was found ...

The Pathology of Endometriosis: A Survey of the Many Faces of a Common Disease Emphasizing Diagnostic Pitfalls and Unusual and Newly Appreciated Aspects

Advances in Anatomic Pathology — Sat, 30 Jun 2007 23:00:00 +0100

Although the histologic diagnosis of endometriosis is usually straightforward, many diagnostic problems can arise as a result of alterations or absence of its glandular or stromal components. The diagnostic difficulty in such cases can be compounded by tissue that is limited to a small biopsy specimen. The appearance of the glandular component can be altered by hormonal and metaplastic changes, as well as cytologic atypia and hyperplasia. Although the last 2 findings are often referred to collectively as "atypical endometriosis," they should be separately recognized as their premalignant potential likely differs. In some cases, the endometriotic glands are sparse or even absent (stromal endometriosis). The stromal component can be obscured or effaced by infiltrates of foamy and pigmented h...

Small primary adenocarcinoma in adenomyosis with nodal metastasis: a case report

BioMed Central — Wed, 20 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Adenocarcinoma in adenomyosis may be affected by local hormonal influence and, despite its small size, may metastasize. (Source: BioMed Central)

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B7-H4 (DD-O110) is overexpressed in high risk uterine endometrioid adenocarcinomas and inversely correlated with tumor T-cell infiltration.

Gynecologic Oncology — Tue, 15 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS.: B7-H4 is overexpressed in hyperplastic and malignant endometrial epithelium and is correlated with the number T cells associated with the tumor. These results suggest that B7-H4 overexpression may reflect a more aggressive biologic potential and may play a role in tumor immune surveillance mechanisms. PMID: 17509674 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gynecologic Oncology)

Malignant ovarian tumor composed of endometrioid adenocarcinoma, clear cell adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, yolk sac tumor and immature teratoma with prominent neuroectodermal and rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation: A case study.

Gynecologic Oncology — Tue, 01 May 2007 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION.: No previous cases with an identical composition have been found in the literature. Correct diagnosis of this complex and aggressive tumor is paramount. PMID: 17341430 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gynecologic Oncology)

From Krukenberg to Today: The Ever Present Problems Posed by Metastatic Tumors in the Ovary. Part II

Advances in Anatomic Pathology — Mon, 30 Apr 2007 23:00:00 +0100

This is the second of a two-part consideration of metastatic tumors to the ovary. Here, the matter is considered in 16 categories, largely site-specific. The first tumor discussed is gastric carcinoma of intestinal-type whose ovarian manifestations have been the subject of a recent paper which emphasized its differences from the Krukenberg tumor. Coverage of intestinal adenocarcinoma emphasizes the landmark 1987 paper of RH Lash and WR Hart. The section on pancreatic neoplasms reemphasizes the problems caused by metastatic ductal carcinoma, considered primarily in Part I, and discusses less common issues such as spread of neuroendocrine and acinar cell carcinomas. The limited information on spread of tumors of the gallbladder and extrahepatic bile ducts is then reviewed before more detaile...

[Article] Mouse Model of Human Ovarian Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma Based on Somatic Defects in the Wnt/β-Catenin and PI3K/Pten Signaling Pathways

Cancer Cell — Tue, 10 Apr 2007 00:00:00 +0100

By Rong Wu, Neali Hendrix-Lucas, Rork Kuick, Yali Zhai, Donald R. Schwartz, Aytekin Akyol, Samir Hanash, David E. Misek, Hidetaka Katabuchi, Bart O. Williams, Eric R. Fearon, and Kathleen R. Cho. One histologic subtype of ovarian carcinoma, ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinoma (OEA), frequently harbors mutations that constitutively activate Wnt/β-catenin-dependent signaling. We now show that defects in the... (Source: Cancer Cell)

Localized amyloidosis in endometrioid carcinoma of the uterus: a rare association

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics — Thu, 05 Apr 2007 07:56:28 +0100

Conclusion This is an unusual case of amyloidosis associated with endometrioid carcinoma of the uterus. Content TypeJournal Article JournalArchives of Gynecology and ObstetricsOnline ISSN 1432-0711Print ISSN 0932-0067 (Source: Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics)

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Immunocytochemistry for hepatocyte nuclear factor-1[beta] (HNF-1[beta]): A marker for ovarian clear cell carcinoma

Diagnostic Cytopathology — Sun, 01 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100

Recent microarray studies have shown that the expression of hepatocyte nuclear factor-1[beta] (HNF-1[beta]) was significantly up-regulated in clear cell carcinoma (CCC) of the ovary. HNF-1[beta] may be a useful marker for CCC in peritoneal fluid cytology. We designed an experimental study using three CCC cell lines to evaluate the influence of alcohol fixation or air drying on immunocytochemistry for HNF-1[beta]. Each cell line was cultured on chamber slides or transplanted into the abdominal cavity of nude mice, then the slides or ascites smears of nude mice were immunostained with or without microwave-mediated epitope retrieval. Immunoreactivity with HNF-1[beta], which was either alcohol-fixed or air-dried, was noticeably improved after microwave heating. In contrast, two serous adenocar...

Accuracy of preoperative endometrial sampling for the detection of high-grade endometrial tumors.

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology — Thu, 01 Mar 2007 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Preoperative endometrial sampling with Pipelle or curettage is sensitive and accurate for the diagnosis of high-grade endometrial tumors, including tumors with nonendometrioid histology. PMID: 17346538 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology)

Human growth hormone and interleukin-6 are upregulated in endometriosis and endometrioid adenocarcinoma.

Acta Histochemica — Mon, 22 Jan 2007 19:24:03 +0100

Authors: Slater M, Cooper M, Murphy CR In this retrospective and quantitated study on banked tissue we found that, compared to normal uterine epithelial cells, growth hormone (GH) is increased 3.4-fold in endometriosis and 3.8-fold in endometrial adenocarcinoma. Similarly, interleukin-6 (IL-6) is increased 2.4-fold in endometriosis and 4.4-fold in endometrial adenocarcinoma. These proteins appear to be involved in the progression of both these conditions. GH is particularly interesting in this context since it is known to not only promote cellular proliferation but also reduces cell-cell adhesion, thus allowing individual cells to break away from their parent architecture. Our results suggest that both IL-6 and GH may play a role in the progression of both endometriosis and endometrial...

Drosophila split ends Homologue SHARP Functions as a Positive Regulator of Wnt/{beta}-Catenin/T-Cell Factor Signaling in Neoplastic Transformation

Cancer Research — Thu, 18 Jan 2007 07:00:00 +0100

Wnt ligands have pleiotropic and context-specific roles in embryogenesis and adult tissues. Among other effects, certain Wnts stabilize the ßbeta;-catenin protein, leading to the ability of ßbeta;-catenin to activate T-cell factor (TCF)-mediated transcription. Mutations resulting in constitutive ßbeta;-catenin stabilization underlie development of several human cancers. Genetic studies in Drosophila highlighted the split ends (spen) gene as a positive regulator of Wnt-dependent signaling. We have assessed the role of SHARP, a human homologue of spen, in Wnt/ßbeta;-catenin/TCF function in mammalian cells. We found that SHARP gene and protein expression is elevated in human colon and ovarian endometrioid adenocarcinomas and mouse colon adenomas and carcinomas carrying gen...

Endometrial carcinoma recurring as carcinosarcoma: report of two cases.

Pathology, Research and Practice — Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100

We describe two cases of high grade endometrial carcinomas recurring as carcinosarcoma, thus providing evidence that the metaplastic sarcomatous evolution is a very rare event which can occur in patients with anaplastic endometrial cancer. PMID: 17646054 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Pathology, Research and Practice)

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Hypoxia and angiogenesis in endometrioid endometrial carcinogenesis.

Cellular Oncology — Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: HIF-1alpha and its downstream genes are increasingly expressed from normal through premalignant to endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the endometrium, paralleled by activation of its downstream genes and increased angiogenesis. This underlines the potential importance of hypoxia and its key regulator HIF-1alpha in endometrial carcinogenesis. PMID: 17452774 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Cellular Oncology)

Very early stage adenocarcinoma arising from adenomyosis in the uterus.

Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology — Fri, 01 Dec 2006 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: This case report presents evidence that adenocarcinoma may a rise de novo from an adenomyotic lesion in the uterus. PMID: 17175497 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology)

Synchronous occurrence of primary neoplasms in the uterus with squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix and adenocarcinoma of the endometrium.

Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology — Fri, 01 Dec 2006 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Synchronous genital tract neoplasms are rare but cause more clinical problems than a single neoplasm. It is practical to pay more attention to the differential diagnosis of primary and metastatic tumors. The second primary cancer that occurs in an individual with endometrial cancer may offer an opportunity for early detection. The prognosis for a patient with synchronous gynecologic malignancies does not seem to be worse. PMID: 17175494 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Taiwanese Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology)

Case report of malignant endometrial polyps

Gynecological Surgery — Thu, 21 Sep 2006 10:05:52 +0100

Abstract The aims of this retrospective review were to determine the frequency of malignant endometrial polyps diagnosed with ambulatory hysteroscopy in the Obstetrics/ Gynaecology Department of HDE, Lisbon, between January 2001 and December 2005 and to characterize these cases according to risk factors, sonographic and endoscopic findings tumoral histology, and tumor stage. We found seven cases of malignant endometrial polyps in a total of 1333 polyps initially diagnosed: an incidence rate of 0. 53%. These seven patients had a mean age of 68 years (55–82 years), and all were postmenopausal, with five having one risk factor each for endometrial cancer. Metrorrhagia was present in six of the seven patients (85.7%). Ultrasonography was abnormal in all seven patients, with a mean endome...

p16, p14, p53, cyclin D1, and steroid hormone receptor expression and human papillomaviruses analysis in primary squamous cell carcinoma of the endometrium.

Annals of Diagnostic Pathology — Tue, 01 Aug 2006 06:00:00 +0100

Authors: Horn LC, Richter CE, Einenkel J, Tannapfel A, Liebert UG, Leo C Pathogenetically, endometrioid adenocarcinomas of the endometrium are associated with hyperestrogenism and serous papillary carcinomas with alterations of p53. The etiology of primary endometrial squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), however, is speculative. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of p14, p16, p53, cyclin D1, steroid hormone receptors, and human papillomaviruses (HPV) infection in the pathogenesis of primary endometrial squamous cell carcinoma. The expression of p16, p14, p53, cyclin D1, and steroid hormone receptors (estrogen, progesterone, and androgen) was examined immunohistochemically in 8 primary ESCCs. HPV analysis was performed using general primers and HPV typing. The median age of t...

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The role of radiation therapy in locally advanced endometrial cancer.

Seminars in Radiation Oncology — Fri, 14 Jul 2006 06:00:00 +0100

This article addresses the role of adjuvant radiation therapy for these locally advanced high-risk endometrial cancer patients. In addition, this article reviews the current data and treatment approaches using radiation therapy in the management of these high-risk patients. PMID: 16814155 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Seminars in Radiation Oncology)

[Gynecologic Cancer] HER-2 Is an Independent Prognostic Factor in Endometrial Cancer: Association With Outcome in a Large Cohort of Surgically Staged Patients

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Thu, 18 May 2006 06:00:00 +0100

Conclusion Our results would suggest that HER-2 is an important oncogene in high grade and stage endometrial cancer, but plays only a minor role in the much more common low grade and stage tumors that encompass the majority of clinical practice. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

p16 Expression in the Female Genital Tract and Its Value in Diagnosis

Advances in Anatomic Pathology — Sun, 01 Jan 2006 00:00:00 +0100

p16 is a cyclin-dependent kinase-4 inhibitor that is expressed in a limited range of normal tissues and tumors. In recent years, immunohistochemistry with p16 antibodies has been used as a diagnostic aid in various scenarios in gynecologic pathology. Diffuse (as opposed to focal) positivity with p16 in the cervix can be regarded as a surrogate marker of the presence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV). In cervical squamous lesions, p16 is positive in most high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) and in some cases of low-grade CIN, usually those associated with high-risk HPV. p16 may be useful to identify small focal high-grade CIN lesions, to distinguish some cases of CIN involving immature metaplastic squamous epithelium from immature metaplastic squamous epithelium not inv...

Low-grade metaplastic adenocarcinoma (carcinosarcoma) of the uterus: report of an unusual case.

Annals of Diagnostic Pathology — Thu, 01 Dec 2005 07:00:00 +0100

Authors: Zamecnik M, Sokol L, Michal M An unusual low-grade metaplastic carcinoma (müllerian carcinosarcoma) of the uterine corpus occurring in a 45-year-old woman is presented. The tumor was polypoid and showed an initial invasion into the myometrium. The epithelial component was composed of low-grade endometrioid glands that focally showed an unusual oxyphilic change of the cytoplasm. These cells contained only a small amount of mitochondria detected with antimitochondrial antibody. The stromal component contained small round cells of bland appearance and appeared to arise from epithelial cells through a metaplastic process, as a gradual transition between epithelial and stromal cells was often seen. An invasive marginal zone of the tumor showed endometrioid adenocarcinoma pattern w...

Endometrioid Carcinoma of the Uterine Corpus: A Review of Its Pathology With Emphasis on Recent Advances and Problematic Aspects

Advances in Anatomic Pathology — Wed, 01 May 2002 00:00:00 +0100

Summary: This review considers the pathologic features of endometrioid carcinoma of the uterine corpus, which accounts for approximately 80% of endometrial adenocarcinomas, with an emphasis on its histologic features, recent advances, and problematic aspects. In addition to typical endometrioid carcinoma, the variants of endometrioid carcinoma covered include secretory carcinoma, villoglandular endometrioid carcinoma, endometrioid carcinoma with small nonvillous papillae, endometrioid carcinomas with microglandular and sertoliform patterns, and endometrioid carcinomas with metaplastic changes. These changes include a variety of different appearances of squamous epithelia (ranging from mature and keratinizing to immature with only subtle evidence of a squamous nature), clear cells, surface ...

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