MedWorm: Gastric (Stomach) Cancer

Chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Sat, 20 Mar 2010 06:22:03 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Chemotherapy significantly improves survival in comparison to best supportive care. In addition, combination chemotherapy improves survival compared to single-agent 5-FU. All patients should be tested for their HER-2 status and trastuzumab should be added to a standard fluoropyrimidine/cisplatin regimen in patients with HER-2 positive tumours. Two and three-drug regimens including 5-FU, cisplatin, with or without an anthracycline, as well as irinotecan or docetaxel-containing regimens are reasonable treatment options for HER-2 negative patients. PMID: 20238327 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)

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Time-series gene expression profiles in AGS cells stimulated with Helicobacter pylori.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Sat, 20 Mar 2010 04:48:29 +0100

CONCLUSION: Early infection may trigger some important pathways and may impact the outcome of the infection. PMID: 20238406 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

Effects on the pouch of different digestive tract reconstruction modes assessed by radionuclide scintigraphy.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Sat, 20 Mar 2010 04:48:21 +0100

CONCLUSION: Dual Braun type esophagojejunal anastomosis is the most useful of the three procedures for improving food accommodation in patients with a pouch and can retard evacuation of solid food from the reconstructed pouch. PMID: 20238408 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

Role of BMP3 in progression of gastric carcinoma in Chinese people.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Sat, 20 Mar 2010 04:48:18 +0100

CONCLUSION: Promotor region methylation of the BMP3 gene may cause gastric carcinoma in Chinese people. PMID: 20238409 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

Cutaneous metastasis as first clinical manifestation of signet ring cell gastric carcinoma.

Dermatol Online J — Sat, 20 Mar 2010 01:42:03 +0100

Authors: Aneiros-Fernandez J, Husein-Elahmed H, Arias-Santiago S, Escobar Gómez-Villalva F, Nicolae A, O'Valle Ravassa F, Aneiros-Cachaza J Cutaneous metastases from signet ring cell gastric carcinoma are uncommon. A 69-year-old man presented with a 15-day history of an asymptomatic indurated scar-like lesion. The biopsy revealed an infiltrating signet ring cell carcinoma consistent with gastric metastasis. Gastroscopy and biopsy showed gastric carcinoma with signet ring cells; subsequent computed tomography revealed metastatic nodules in the liver, mesentery, and retroperitoneal and peripancreatic lymph nodes. A review of the 10 cases of cutaneous metastasis from signet ring cell carcinoma in the literature revealed that cutaneous metastases of gastric origin usually appear at ea...

Liver resection: a regional hospital experience

ANZ Journal of Surgery — Sat, 20 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Resection provides the best hope of cure for patients with primary or secondary hepatic malignancy. With adequate expertise, liver resections can be performed safely in a regional hospital. (Source: ANZ Journal of Surgery)

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Src Kinase Phosphorylates RUNX3 at Tyrosine Residues and Localizes the Protein in the Cytoplasm [Molecular Bases Of Disease]

Journal of Biological Chemistry — Fri, 19 Mar 2010 13:36:05 +0100

In this study, we found that the overexpression of Src results in the tyrosine phosphorylation and cytoplasmic localization of RUNX3. We also found that the tyrosine residues of endogenous RUNX3 are phosphorylated and that the protein is localized in the cytoplasm in Src-activated cancer cell lines. We further showed that the knockdown of Src by small interfering RNA, or the inhibition of Src kinase activity by a chemical inhibitor, causes the re-localization of RUNX3 to the nucleus. Collectively, our results demonstrate that the tyrosine phosphorylation of RUNX3 by activated Src is associated with the cytoplasmic localization of RUNX3 in gastric and breast cancers. (Source: Journal of Biological Chemistry)

Prevalence of Helicobacter pylori vacA, cagA, iceA and oipA genotypes in Tunisian patients

BioMed Central — Fri, 19 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Our results showed that in 46% (131 strains among 281), the H. pylori strains were highly virulent in relation of the three or four virulent factors they could carry. These finding were described before in the literature. Tunisian patients were colonized by one or multiple strains of H. pylori in the same time in relation of presence of vacA m1/m2 and iceA1/ iceA2 in the same biopsy. The discordance between strains isolated from antrum and fundus was high, and it is in favour of multicolonization. (Source: BioMed Central)

Elevated expression of SOX9 is related with the progression of gastric carcinoma

Diagnostic Cytopathology — Fri, 19 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

To investigate the SOX9 expression and its effects on promoting invasion and metastasis in the primary gastric adenocarcinomas. One hundred and eighty six patients with primary gastric adenocarcinomas who underwent surgery between 2002 and 2006 were classified as low, intermediate, and high SOX9 expression groups by immunohistochemistry (IHC). Our IHC performance showed that SOX9 was lowly expressed in lower crypt of the normal epithelium adjacent to the tumor, and SOX9 expression was also observed in the intestinal metaplastic epithelium, but no SOX9 expression was detected in the surface epithelium. The stronger SOX9 expression was observed in the T3-T4 group than in the T1-T2 group, and there was a significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.0005). The SOX9 expression was corre...

Multicenter Phase III Comparison of Cisplatin/S-1 With Cisplatin/Infusional Fluorouracil in Advanced Gastric or Gastroesophageal Adenocarcinoma Study: The FLAGS Trial [Gastrointestinal Cancer]

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Thu, 18 Mar 2010 22:01:36 +0100

Conclusion Cisplatin/S-1 did not prolong OS of patients with advanced gastric or gastroesophageal adenocarcinoma compared with cisplatin/infusional fluorouracil, but it did result in a significantly improved safety profile. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

Final-phase trial underway for everolimus in gastric cancer

Cancer Network — Thu, 18 Mar 2010 13:30:02 +0100

Pretreated patients with metastatic gastric cancer experienced a boost in overall survival after treatment with everolimus (Afinitor), according to the results of a phase II trial presented at the 2010 Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium. (Source: Cancer Network)

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MicroRNA profiling of Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma

British Journal of Surgery — Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study examined whether miRNAs play a role in the development of oesophageal adenocarcinoma.RNA was extracted from mucosa of normal oesophageal squamous epithelium, normal gastric epithelium, Barrett's oesophagus with intestinal metaplasia and oesophageal adenocarcinoma obtained from 16 individuals. Expression profiles of 377 human miRNAs were determined by microarray analysis and selected miRNAs were analysed further using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in tissues from 32 individuals.Microarray analyses identified 44 miRNAs likely to have altered expression between various mucosal samples. Of these, miR-21, miR-143, miR-145, miR-194, miR-203, miR-205 and miR-215 were chosen for validation by real-time RT-PCR. Tissue-specific expression profiles were...

Endoscopic resection of early gastric cancer treated by guideline and expanded National Cancer Centre criteria

British Journal of Surgery — Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study compared long-term outcomes in patients with EGC who underwent endoscopic treatment according to guideline criteria with those treated according to expanded criteria.Baseline and outcome data from patients undergoing curative endoscopic resection for EGC between January 1999 and December 2005 were collected from electronic medical records. Survival time hazard ratios and 95 per cent confidence intervals were calculated using the Cox proportional hazards model.Of 1485 patients who had a curative resection, 635 (42·8 per cent) underwent resection according to traditional criteria and 625 (42·1 per cent) according to expanded criteria. There was no significant difference in overall survival between the groups.Patients who have treatment following the expanded criteria have simila...

Drug Combo Found Effective in HER2-Amplified Gastric Cancer

Modern Medicine — Wed, 17 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Lapatinib (Tykerb) and trastuzumab (Herceptin), two drugs already used in breast cancer treatment, are probably effective when used in combination against upper gastric cancers with the mutation for amplified expression of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 protein, according to a study in the March 1 issue of Clinical Cancer Research. (Source: Modern Medicine)

Meta-analysis: can Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment reduce the risk for gastric cancer?

NeLM - Disease Focused Reviews — Wed, 17 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Source: DARE Area: Evidence > Disease Focused Reviews CRD Summary: This generally well-conducted review concluded that Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment appeared to reduce gastric cancer risk, but the generalisability of the findings may be limited. Also, they are based on evidence of variable reliability. These conclusions are an accurate reflection the results of the review and appear to be reliable. [Eradication treatment regimes included differing combinations and doses of the following agents: amoxicillin, metronidazole, bismuth subsalicylate, omeprazole, lansoprazole, clarithromycin. ] CRD Commentary: The review question was clear and was supported by specific inclusion criteria. The search included a number of relevant databases and other sources. This, along with the l...

Phase II study of sequential cisplatin plus 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin (5-FU/LV) followed by irinotecan plus 5-FU/LV followed by docetaxel plus 5-FU/LV in patients with metastatic gastric or gastro-oesophageal junction adenocarcinoma

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 14:49:02 +0100

Conclusion This sequential treatment is feasible with a favourable safety profile and produced encouraging results in terms of activity and efficacy. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00280-009-1196-1Authors Fotios Loupakis, University of Pisa Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Istituto Toscano Tumori and Department of Oncology, Transplants and New Technologies in Medicine Via Roma, 67 56126 Pisa ItalyGianluca Masi, University of Pisa Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Istituto Toscano Tumori and Department of Oncology, Transplants and New Technologies in Medicine Via Roma, 67 56126 Pisa ItalyLorenzo Fornaro, University of Pisa Unit of Medical Oncology 2, Azienda Osp...

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A case of lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma of the skin associated with Epstein–Barr virus infection

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 14:28:12 +0100

We report herein a case of EBV-positive LELCS. An 82-year-old female presented with a red nodule on the right cheek. Histologically, the entire dermis was occupied by atypical tumor cell nests with dense lymphocytic infiltration. Neoplastic cells were strongly positive for cytokeratin 14 but were negative for cytokeratins 19 and 20. EBV genomes in neoplastic cells were detected by polymerase chain reaction analysis and in situ hybridization for EBV-encoded RNA, suggesting an association with EBV. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology)

Mylan S.A.S. Withdraws Its Marketing Authorisation Application For Docetaxel Mylan (docetaxel), Europe

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 07:00:00 +0100

The European Medicines Agency has been formally notified by Mylan S.A.S. of its decision to withdraw its application for a centralised marketing authorisation for the medicinal product Docetaxel Mylan (docetaxel), 10mg/ml powder and solvent for solution for infusion. The medicine was developed as a generic medicine to be used for breast cancer, non small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, gastric adenocarcinoma and head and neck cancer. The reference medicinal product for Docetaxel Mylan is Taxotere, which has been authorised in the European Union since 1995... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Circulating microRNAs in plasma of patients with gastric cancers

British Journal of Cancer AOP — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: M Tsujiura, D Ichikawa, S Komatsu, A Shiozaki, H Takeshita, T Kosuga, H Konishi, R Morimura, K Deguchi, H Fujiwara, K Okamoto & E Otsuji (Source: British Journal of Cancer AOP)

Risk factors for lymph node metastasis in patients with early gastric cancer and signet ring cell histology

British Journal of Surgery — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Early gastric cancer with signet ring cell histology has been reported as a favourable histological type. The aim of this study was to identify risk factors associated with lymph node metastasis in patients with this type of early gastric cancer.A cross-sectional study of patients with early gastric cancer with differentiated and signet ring cell histology undergoing surgery was conducted. Risk factors were evaluated using multiple logistic regression analysis with odds ratios and 95 per cent confidence intervals.In 1362 patients undergoing gastrectomy for early gastric cancer, the rate of lymph node metastasis was similar for tumours with signet ring cell and differentiated histological findings (10·7 versus 9·0 per cent respectively; P = 0·307). Logistic regression analysis showed tha...

Risk factors for lymph node metastasis in patients with early gastric cancer and signet ring cell histology.

The British Journal of Surgery — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION:: Patients with early gastric cancer with signet ring cell-type histology are probably best treated by gastrectomy with lymph node dissection. Copyright (c) 2010 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. PMID: 20235088 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Surgery)

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Tumor-Suppressive Functions of Leucine Zipper Transcription Factor-Like 1.

Cell Research — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Wei Q, Zhou W, Wang W, Gao B, Wang L, Cao J, Liu ZP Human leucine zipper transcription factor-like 1 (LZTFL1) is a novel gene with unknown biological functions. It is located in the chromosome region 3p21.3, a hotspot for tumor suppressor genes. To understand the biological functions of LZTFL1, we surveyed the expression level of LZTFL1 in tumor and normal samples in tissue microarrays and a clinical archive of 84 gastric cancer specimens using immunohistochemistry. We found that LZTFL1 is expressed highly in the epithelial cells of normal tissues and is significantly downregulated in the corresponding tumor samples. The expression level of LZTFL1 correlated significantly with the survival outcomes of the patients and had significant inverse correlation with tumor metastasis. ...

Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Stage III or IV Radically Resected Gastric Cancer: A Pilot Study [Original Article]

Archives of Surgery — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:50:50 +0100

Conclusion A multimodal approach with FOLFOX-4 and radiotherapy is feasible and effective for the treatment of patients with resected high-risk gastric cancer. (Source: Archives of Surgery)

Further Refinement of the Optimal Treatment Following Radical Gastric Resection for Gastric Adenocarcinoma: Comment on "Adjuvant Chemoradiotherapy in Patients With Stage III or IV Radically Resected Gastric Cancer" [Invited Critique]

Archives of Surgery — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:50:50 +0100

(Source: Archives of Surgery)

Association and Haplotype Analysis of Prostate Stem Cell Antigen with Gastric Cancer in Tibetans

DNA and Cell Biology — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 19:27:27 +0100

DNA and Cell Biology , Vol. 0, No. 0. (Source: DNA and Cell Biology)

Aberrant Methylation of Thrombospondin-1 and Its Association with Reduced Expression in Gastric Cardia Adenocarcinoma

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 16:38:59 +0100

Conclusions. Epigenetic silencing of TSP1 gene by promoter hypermethylation may play an important role in GCA. (Source: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology)

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Using Antibiotics To Prevent Gastric Cancer

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 07:00:00 +0100

Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium found in about 50% of humans worldwide, can cause stomach ulcers and, in extreme cases, gastric cancer. In an article for F1000 Medicine Reports, Seiji Shiota and Yoshio Yamaoka discuss the possible eradication of H. pylori infections Infection by the H. pylori bacterium can approach 100% in developing countries. Most infected people do not have symptoms, but many develop problems including stomach ulcers. H... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Using Antibiotics To Prevent Gastric Cancer

Cancer / Oncology News From Medical News Today — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 07:00:00 +0100

Does Cholesterol Really Matter?

NaturalNews.com — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 07:00:00 +0100

(NaturalNews) I'd like to shine the spotlight on one of medicine's sacred cows- the belief that lowering cholesterol with drugs protects against heart attacks and premature death. Our obsession with cholesterol began in the 1950s when studies linked high consumption of animal fat with high rates of heart disease. This opened the door for clinical trials that laid the foundation of a new paradigm: the cholesterol theory of cardiovascular disease.This theory has had profound ramifications. It changed the way we eat (fats bad, carbohydrates good) and contributed to our problems with obesity and diabetes. It wormed its way into "clinical practice guidelines"- cholesterol management has become a "standard of care" that doctors are expected to follow. It spawned the invasive heart surgery indust...

Isolated gastric metastasis from renal cell carcinoma 19 years after radical nephrectomy

International Journal of Clinical Oncology — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 05:32:48 +0100

We report a case of solitary gastric metastasis from renal cell carcinoma (RCC) 19 years after radical excision of the primary tumor. During evaluation for anemia with melena, a small elevated tumor with ulceration was detected in the gastric fundus of this patient. The tumor was diagnosed as RCC based on endoscopic biopsy findings. There was no evidence of any other metastatic lesion, and a wedge resection of the stomach was performed. No additional metastasis or recurrence has been detected in the patient 12 months after discharge. This case confirms the existence of a very slow growing type of RCC with the potential for late solitary metastases and describes the surgical resectability. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/s10147-010-0025-1Autho...

MicroRNA-375 Is Downregulated in Gastric Carcinomas and Regulates Cell Survival by Targeting PDK1 and 14-3-3{zeta}

Cancer Research — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 04:07:29 +0100

Mechanisms of action of an miRNA regulating survival in gastric cancer are elucidated. (Source: Cancer Research)

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Potential utility of HOP homeobox gene promoter methylation as a marker of tumor aggressiveness in gastric cancer

Oncogene — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: A Ooki, K Yamashita, S Kikuchi, S Sakuramoto, N Katada, K Kokubo, H Kobayashi, M S Kim, D Sidransky & M Watanabe (Source: Oncogene)

Genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair genes XPC, XPD, and XRCC4, and susceptibility to Helicobacter pylori infection-related gastric antrum adenocarcinoma in Guangxi population, China

Molecular Carcinogenesis — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study, including 361 GAAs and 616 controls without any evidence of tumors, was designed to evaluate the association between the polymorphisms of DNA repair genes XPC Ala499Val (RS#2228000) and Lys939Gln (RS#2228001), XPD Lys751Gln (RS#13181), and XRCC4 Ala247Ser (RS#3734091) and Ser298Asn (RS#1805377), and GAA risk for Guangxi population by means of TaqMan-PCR analysis. Increased risks of GAA were found for individuals with H. pylori positive [odds ratio (OR), 2.48; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.84-3.33] or cagA positive (OR, 7.34; 95% CI, 5.46-9.87). No differences were observed among the studied groups with regard to the genotype distribution of XPC codons 499 and 939 and of XRCC4 codon 247; but XPD codon 751 genotypes with Gln [ORs (95% CI) were 2.67 (1.98-3.58) and 3.97 (2.64-5....

FT-IR, Raman, RRS measurements and DFT calculation for doxorubicin

Microscopy Research and Technique — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Doxorubicin (DOXO) is a powerful anthracycline antibiotic used to treat many human neoplasms, including acute leukemias, lymphomas, stomach, breast and ovarian cancer, and bone tumors, yet causing cardiotoxicity at the same time. For this reason, there is a great interest in medical field to gain deep insight and knowledge of this molecule. Raman, Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) absorption spectroscopy, and Resonance Raman scattering were performed for the vibrational characterization of DOXO molecule. Density function theorem (DFT) modeling of Raman and FT-IR spectra were used for the assignment of the vibrational frequencies. The optimized molecular structured was obtained, first, on the basis of potential energy distribution. The simulation for vibrational bands is based on the calcu...

Verrucous Carcinoma of Esophagus

The Digital Atlas of Video Education - Gastroenterology — Sun, 14 Mar 2010 16:03:49 +0100

A 65 year old male presented with 1 yr history of dysphagia. An upper endoscopy showed white wart like appearing exudative lesions involving the mid and lower esophagus. The entire esophageal mucosa was friable. The appearance is more extensive in the lower esophagus with luminal narrowing but without any obstruction. Here you can see that the lesion extended through the GE junction into the gastric cardia. The biopsies from this lesion showed foci of hyperkeratosis and parakeratosis with moderate to severe atypia. This was suspicious for verrucous carcinoma. An endoscopic ultrasound performed using a radial echoendoscope showed thick circumferential hypoechoeic lesion arising from the mucosa and extending to the muscularis propria. Here one can appreciate the thickened submucosa up to ...

Safe and effective sedation in endoscopic submucosal dissection for early gastric cancer: a randomized comparison between propofol continuous infusion and intermittent midazolam injection

Journal of Gastroenterology — Sun, 14 Mar 2010 11:25:07 +0100

Conclusion Based on our results, the ESDs for EGC performed under sedation using propofol continuous infusion were as safe as those performed using intermittent MDZ injection. Propofol-treated patients had a quicker recovery profile than those treated with MDZ. We therefore recommend the use of continuous propofol sedation for ESD, but sedation guidelines for the use of propofol are necessary. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original Article—Alimentary TractDOI 10.1007/s00535-010-0222-8Authors Shinsuke Kiriyama, National Cancer Center Hospital Department of Endoscopy Tokyo JapanTakuji Gotoda, National Cancer Center Hospital Department of Endoscopy Tokyo JapanHiromi Sano, Cancer Institute Hospital Anesthesiology Department Tokyo JapanIchiro Oda, National Cance...

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PSK may suppress CD57+ T cells to improve survival of advanced gastric cancer patients

International Journal of Clinical Oncology — Sun, 14 Mar 2010 11:25:06 +0100

Conclusion The present findings suggest that PSK improves overall survival of stage III gastric cancer patients partly by inhibiting CD57+ T cells, a proven poor prognostic factor in advanced gastric cancer. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10147-010-0033-1Authors Junji Akagi, National Hospital Organization Kumamoto Minami Hospital 2338 Toyofuku, Matubase-machi Kumamoto 869-0593 JapanHideo Baba, Kumamoto University Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery Kumamoto Japan Journal International Journal of Clinical OncologyOnline ISSN 1437-7772Print ISSN 1341-9625 (Source: International Journal of Clinical Oncology)

Esophageal Stent for Treatment of a Tracheo-Gastric Fistula

The Digital Atlas of Video Education - Gastroenterology — Sat, 13 Mar 2010 14:03:02 +0100

A 49 year-old man underwent a recent esophagectomy for esophageal cancer. His postoperative course was complicated by a fistula between the trachea and the intra-thoracic stomach. A previously placed tracheal stent was unsuccessful at sealing the fistula. Using argon plasma coagulation, the perimeter of the opening is ablated in order to de-epithelialize the tissue and promote complete sealing of the fistula after approximating its edges. Endoscopic hemoclips are placed around the border of the fistula, and a detachable snare--or endoscopic polyloop--is used to approximate the edges of the defect. Following this, a flexible guidewire is placed within the intra-thoracic stomach. The endoscope is withdrawn, and the site of the fistula can be identified by the hemoclips. Under simultaneous ...

Herceptin And Tykerb Effective Against A Subset Of Gastric Cancers

Cancercompass News: Other Cancer — Sat, 13 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Influence of interleukin polymorphisms on development of gastric cancer and peptic ulcer.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 17:05:20 +0100

Authors: Sugimoto M, Yamaoka Y, Furuta T Pro-inflammatory cytokines are produced in the gastric mucosa by inflammatory cells activated by chronic Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection. Polymorphisms of these cytokine genes are associated with individual differences in gastric mucosal cytokine mRNA level, which result in differences in gastric mucosal inflammation, acid inhibition and gastroduodenal disease risk in response to H. pylori infection. Although polymorphisms of interleukin (IL)-1B, IL-1RN and TNF-A have been reported to relate well with gastric cancer and peptic ulcer risk, those of IL-2, IL-4, IL-6 and IL-8 genes are unclear. In combined analyses using data from previous studies, we found that the risk of gastric non-cardia cancer development was significantly associate...

Clinical significance of Fas and FasL protein expression in gastric carcinoma and local lymph node tissues.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 17:04:20 +0100

CONCLUSION: Abnormal Fas and FasL expressions in gastric carcinoma and lymph node tissues are involved in carcinogenesis and metastasis of gastric cancer. PMID: 20222173 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

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Malignant transformation of ectopic pancreatic cells in the duodenal wall.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 17:04:11 +0100

Authors: Bini R, Voghera P, Tapparo A, Nunziata R, Demarchi A, Capocefalo M, Leli R Ectopic pancreas (EP) is the relatively uncommon presence of pancreatic tissue outside the normal location of the pancreas. This condition is usually asymptomatic and rarely complicated by pancreatitis and malignant transformation. A few cases of neoplastic phenomena that developed from EP into the duodenal wall are described in the literature. Herein we report a case of gastric outlet obstruction due to adenocarcinoma arising from EP of the duodenal wall. The patient underwent a Whipple's procedure and had an uneventful post-operative recovery. Traditional imaging studies are often inconclusive in the definitive diagnosis, whilst endoscopic ultrasonography and guided biopsy may aid accurate pre-operati...

Avastin Fails Clinical Trial for Prostate Cancer

NYT > Health — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 15:38:19 +0100

The miss in prostate cancer follows a similar disappointment with Avastin in gastric cancer but success in ovarian cancer. (Source: NYT > Health)

Preventing gastric cancer with antibiotics

Medicineworld.org: New Article Alert — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 13:04:27 +0100

Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium found in about 50% of humans worldwide, can cause stomach ulcers and, in extreme cases, gastric cancer. In an article for F1000 Medicine Reports, Seiji Shiota and Yoshio Yamaoka discuss the possible eradication of H. pylori infections. Infection by the H. pylori bacterium can approach 100% in developing countries. Most infected people do not have symptoms, but a number of develop problems including stomach ulcers. H. pylori causes more than 90% of all duodenal ulcers and can also contribute to the development of gastric cancer, which is one of the world's biggest medical problems........ (Source: Medicineworld.org: New Article Alert)

Is Metastatic Lymph Node Ratio Superior to the Number of Metastatic Lymph Nodes to Assess Outcome and Survival of Gastric Cancer?

Onkologie — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 12:28:05 +0100

Conclusions: Our results showed that n ratio and pN classification were independent prognostic indicators for OS of patients with radically resected gastric cancer, but the superiority of n ratio to pN stage could not be proved. PMID: 20215800 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Onkologie)

Feasibility and accuracy of second-look laparoscopy after gastrectomy for gastric cancer: reply to letter to the editor

Surgical Endoscopy — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 06:50:28 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter-ReplyDOI 10.1007/s00464-010-0984-3Authors Kentaro Inoue, Kansai Medical University Department of Surgery Hirakata Osaka JapanYasushi Nakane, Kansai Medical University Department of Surgery Hirakata Osaka JapanA-Hon Kwon, Kansai Medical University Department of Surgery Hirakata Osaka Japan Journal Surgical EndoscopyOnline ISSN 1432-2218Print ISSN 0930-2794 (Source: Surgical Endoscopy)

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Preventing gastric cancer with antibiotics

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 05:00:00 +0100

(Faculty of 1000: Biology and Medicine) Helicobacter pylori, a bacterium found in about 50 percent of humans worldwide, can cause stomach ulcers and, in extreme cases, gastric cancer. In an article for F1000 Medicine Reports, Seiji Shiota and Yoshio Yamaoka discuss the possible eradication of H. pylori infections (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

BRCA1 and XRCC1 polymorphisms associated with survival in advanced gastric cancer treated with taxane and cisplatin

Cancer Science — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study evaluated the influence of genetic polymorphism influencing drug metabolism on survival in taxane- and cisplatin-treated advanced gastric cancer (AGC). Peripheral blood samples from 207 AGC patients treated with first-line chemotherapy of taxane and cisplatin were used. We investigated polymorphisms that influenced the metabolism of taxane (ATP-binding cassette transporter B1 (ABCB1)), cisplatin (glutathione S-transferase M1 (GSTM1), glutathione S-transferase P1 (GSTP1), glutathione S-transferase T1 (GSTT1), excision repair cross complementing 1 (ERCC1), X-ray Cross Complementing group 3 (XRCC3), X-ray Cross Complementing group 4 (XRCC4), X-ray Cross Complementing group 1 (XRCC1), breast cancer (BRCA1)), and 5-fluorouracil (methylene tetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR), thymidyla...

MiR-218 Inhibits Invasion and Metastasis of Gastric Cancer by Targeting the Robo1 Receptor

PLoS Genetics — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Author Summary MicroRNAs have been identified as playing important roles in tumor metastasis, but their impact on GC metastasis has been poorly explored. We have discovered miR-218, which functions as a suppressor of tumor metastasis and is correlated with clinical stage, lymph node metastasis, and prognosis in patients with GC. Our results show that miR-218 is part of a regulatory circuit involving the Slit-Robo1 pathway. In metastatic tumor cells, miR-218 was suppressed along with Slit3, one of its host genes. Meanwhile, Robo1, one of several Slit receptors, is upregulated in response to the decrease in miR-218, which in turn induced a reactive upregulation of the Slit-Robo1 pathway through an interaction with Slit2, thus facilitating tumor cell migration and invasion. Such findings not...

FDA Officials go to new length to encourage applications for Orphan-Drug Status.online.wsj.com

Parent Project Muscular Dystrophy — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CLAREMONT, Calif.—Staff members at the Food and Drug Administration are doing something unusual. They are leaving Washington to help drug makers take a crucial step in developing drugs for rare diseases. The staffers help administer the Orphan Drug Act, which provides incentives to create therapies for so-called orphan diseases—those that affect fewer than 200,000 Americans. There are about 7,000 such maladies, most of them serious, that have few or no drugs to treat them, from adenoid cystic carcinoma, a rare head and neck cancer, to Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, which is associated with a tumor that causes the production of high levels of stomach acid. As a result, doctors may end up prescribing drugs developed for other diseases off-label, but not all insurers will cover this kind of ...

Association of c.802C>T polymorphism of NOD2/CARD15 gene with the chronic gastritis and predisposition to cancer in H. pylori infected patients.

Experimental and Molecular Pathology — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Association of c.802C>T polymorphism of NOD2/CARD15 gene with the chronic gastritis and predisposition to cancer in H. pylori infected patients. Exp Mol Pathol. 2010 Mar 12; Authors: Hnatyszyn A, Slomski R, Szalata M, Stanczyk J, Cichy W This paper shows analysis of the association of the 802C>T polymorphism of the NOD2/CARD15 gene with the occurrence of the chronic inflammation of the gastric mucosa associated with the Helicobacter pylori infections, development of intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia and, in the result of this, gastric cancer. Genomic DNA samples were extracted from paraffin blocks of gastric mucosal biopsies and from peripheral blood. H. pylori infection was confirmed by histological analysis and urease test. Pyrosequencing of 802C>T polymorphism of ...

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Image-Guided Sentinel Lymph Node Mapping and Nanotechnology-Based Nodal Treatment in Lung Cancer Using Invisible Near-Infrared Fluorescent Light

Seminars in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 18:09:36 +0100

In this study, we discuss the potential for using the combination of invisible near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent light and nanotechnology for these applications. NIR fluorescence imaging has recently received significant attention for in vivo imaging applications because of its low tissue autofluorescence, high photon penetration into living tissue, and high signal-to-background ratio. Our large animal in vivo studies have been able to successfully identify SLNs in lung tissue, and several clinical studies have examined the use of NIR fluorescence imaging systems for SLN mapping in breast and gastric cancer. Promising new nanoparticle technologies, when combined with NIR fluorescence imaging, offer the potential for image-guided treatment of lymph nodes at high risk for tumor recurrence. Thi...

Higher intratumoral infiltrated Foxp3+ Treg numbers and Foxp3+/CD8+ ratio are associated with adverse prognosis in resectable gastric cancer

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 07:57:29 +0100

Conclusions Intratumoral high Foxp3+ Tregs/CD8+ ratio was an independent predictor for the prognosis of gastric cancer. It can be inferred that a combination of deletion of Tregs and stimulation of CD8+ effector T cells may be an effective immunotherapy to prolong survival after surgery. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s00432-010-0816-9Authors Zhengbin Shen, Fudan University The General Surgery Department of Zhongshan Hospital Shanghai ChinaShuang Zhou, Fudan University The Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryology, Shanghai Medical College Shanghai ChinaYanna Wang, Fudan University The General Surgery Department of Zhongshan Hospital Shanghai ChinaRi-lun Li, Fudan University The Department of Anatomy and Histology and Embryol...

Outcomes of multiple salvage chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer: implications for clinical practice and trial design

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 07:57:21 +0100

Conclusions Clinical trials may be feasible in second- or third-line salvage chemotherapy for gastric cancer. Future clinical trials in these settings should take into account the low response rate, short progression-free survival, and the prognostic factors for optimal trial design. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00280-010-1295-zAuthors Yong Wha Moon, Yonsei University College of Medicine Cancer Metastasis Research Center 250 Seongsanno Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752 KoreaSun Young Rha, Yonsei University College of Medicine Cancer Metastasis Research Center 250 Seongsanno Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752 KoreaHei-Cheul Jeung, Yonsei University College of Medicine Cancer Metastasis Research Center 250 Seongsanno Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 120-752...

Comparison of combination chemotherapy with irinotecan and cisplatin regimen administered every 2 or 4 weeks in pretreated patients with unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer: retrospective analysis

International Journal of Clinical Oncology — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 02:42:07 +0100

Conclusion Irinotecan plus cisplatin chemotherapy administered on a biweekly regimen was comparable in efficacy to a 4-weekly regimen and might be more feasible than the 4-weekly regimen. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10147-010-0054-9Authors Takeshi Sakamoto, Shizuoka Cancer Center Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun Shizuoka 411-8777 JapanHirofumi Yasui, Shizuoka Cancer Center Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun Shizuoka 411-8777 JapanNarikazu Boku, Shizuoka Cancer Center Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun Shizuoka 411-8777 JapanYusuke Onozawa, Shizuoka Cancer Center Division of Gastrointest...

Master of surgery in Archiv für Klinische Chirurgie

Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 02:40:31 +0100

Discussion B. von Langenbeck inaugurated in 1852 an osteosynthese device in a patient with pseudoarthrosis. He is credited to be the very first in introducing the principle of fixateur externe. Th. Billroth performed in 1873 the first extirpation of the larynx in a patient with a malignant tumor. Postoperatively, the patient was cared with an artificial larynx. The first successful resection of the distal stomach inaugurated by Th. Billroth in 1881 was later called the Billroth II procedure. Rydygier from Kulm and Billroth from Wien are the first who successfully performed resection of the lower part of the stomach with anastomosis to the duodenum (Billroth I type of resection). In 1883, Th. Kocher from Bern reported 101 cases of thyroidectomy, the largest single-surgeon e...

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Clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes of gastric cancer patients with isolated para-aortic lymph node involvement

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 02:38:47 +0100

Conclusion Patients with isolated PAN metastasis showed an excellent prognosis compared with patients with metastasis at other sites and it was primarily evident in patients with recurrent PAN metastasis. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00280-010-1296-yAuthors In Hae Park, National Cancer Center Center For Gastric Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital 323 Ilsan-Ro, Ilsandong-Gu Goyang Gyeonggi 410-769 Republic of KoreaSun Young Kim, National Cancer Center Center For Gastric Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital 323 Ilsan-Ro, Ilsandong-Gu Goyang Gyeonggi 410-769 Republic of KoreaYoung-Woo Kim, National Cancer Center Center For Gastric Cancer, Research Institute and Hospital 323 Ilsan-Ro, Ilsandong-Gu Goyang Gyeonggi 410-769 Republ...

Identification and Expression Analysis of a Novel CW-Type Zinc Finger Protein MORC2 in Cancer Cells.

Anatomical Record — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Wang GL, Wang CY, Cai XZ, Chen W, Wang XH, Li F Microrchidia2 (MORC2) is a member of the MORC protein family that is localized to both the nucleus and cytoplasm when transiently expressed in gastric cancer cells. We identified and analyzed the functional domains of MORC2, which has specific unique structural characteristics compared to the other MORC proteins. Our data showed that nuclear localization signals (NLS) of MORC2 was mainly dependent on the NLS amino acids (aa) 657-781 and cytoplasmic localization of MORC2 was attributed to the nuclear export signal (NES) aa 481-657. Moreover, the NLS appears to predominate over the NES in the localization of full-length human MORC2 indicating that MORC2 is localized mainly in the nucleus. Our results also demonstrated that the NLS ...

Prescreening of a High-Risk Group for Gastric Cancer by Serologically Determined Helicobacter pylori Infection and Atrophic Gastritis

Digestive Diseases and Sciences — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 18:48:04 +0100

Conclusions A high-risk group for gastric cancer can be selected by serological prescreening. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10620-010-1154-0Authors Shigeto Mizuno, Kobe Pharmaceutical University Department of Medical Pharmaceutics 4-19-1 Motoyama-kita, Higashinada-ku Kobe 658-8558 JapanIkuya Miki, Kobe Pharmaceutical University Department of Medical Pharmaceutics 4-19-1 Motoyama-kita, Higashinada-ku Kobe 658-8558 JapanTsukasa Ishida, Kobe Pharmaceutical University Department of Medical Pharmaceutics 4-19-1 Motoyama-kita, Higashinada-ku Kobe 658-8558 JapanMasaru Yoshida, Kobe University Division of Gastroenterology, Graduate School of Medicine 7-5-2 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku Kobe 650-0017 JapanMitsuko Onoyama, Kobe University Division of G...

Identification of genes related to a synergistic effect of taxane and suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid combination treatment in gastric cancer cells

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 16:10:28 +0100

Conclusions The combination of taxane and SAHA could be efficacious for the treatment of gastric cancer. The genes that were related to the synergistic response to taxane and SAHA could serve as surrogate biomarkers to predict the therapeutic response in gastric cancer patients. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s00432-010-0849-0Authors Hyun Chang, Yonsei University College of Medicine Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center #134, Shinchon-Dong, Seodaemoon-gu Seoul 120-752 KoreaSun Young Rha, Yonsei University College of Medicine Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei Cancer Center #134, Shinchon-Dong, Seodaemoon-gu Seoul 120-752 KoreaHei-Cheul Jeung, Yonsei Unive...

Should Chemoradiotherapy Be Used in Node-Negative Esophageal or Gastric Adenocarcinoma?

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 16:01:02 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Gastrointestinal OncologyDOI 10.1245/s10434-010-1014-3Authors Naveenraj L. Solomon, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine Department of Surgical Oncology Miami FL USALeonidas G. Koniaris, Dewitt Daughtry Family Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine Department of Surgical Oncology Miami FL USA Journal Annals of Surgical OncologyOnline ISSN 1534-4681Print ISSN 1068-9265 (Source: Annals of Surgical Oncology)

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Suitability of 7th UICC N Stage for Predicting the Overall Survival of Gastric Cancer Patients After Curative Resection in China

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 16:01:01 +0100

Conclusion The 7th UICC N stage appears to provide a reliable prognostic category of MLNC of gastric cancer than the 5th/6th UICC N stage, and it is the efficiently prognostic indicator of gastric cancer after curative surgery. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Gastrointestinal OncologyDOI 10.1245/s10434-010-0939-xAuthors Jingyu Deng, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital and City Key Laboratory of Tianjin Cancer Center Gastric Cancer Surgery Division Tianjin ChinaHan Liang, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital and City Key Laboratory of Tianjin Cancer Center Gastric Cancer Surgery Division Tianjin ChinaDan Sun, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital The Institute of Lung Cancer Tianjin ChinaDianchang Wang, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospita...

Risk Factors for Metachronous Gastric Cancer in the Remnant Stomach After Early Cancer Surgery

World Journal of Surgery — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 15:57:24 +0100

Conclusions Our data suggested that more intensive endoscopic follow-up is needed for the remnant stomach in patients with these risk factors to detect metachronous gastric cancer at its early stage. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00268-010-0518-0Authors Isao Nozaki, Shikoku Cancer Center Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization 160 Minami-umemoto Matsuyama 791-0280 JapanJunichirou Nasu, Shikoku Cancer Center Department of Internal Medicine, National Hospital Organization Matsuyama JapanYoshiro Kubo, Shikoku Cancer Center Department of Surgery, Division of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization 160 Minami-umemoto Matsuyama 791-0280 JapanMinoru Tanada, Shikoku Cancer Center Department of Surgery, Division ...

Phase I study of intraperitoneal irinotecan in patients with gastric adenocarcinoma with peritoneal seeding

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 15:56:06 +0100

Conclusions Intraperitoneally administered CPT-11 was feasible and tolerable. Further, phase II study of IP CPT-11 in gastric cancer patients with peritoneal seeding is warranted. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00280-010-1272-6Authors Moon Ki Choi, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center 50 Irwon-dong, Gangnam-gu Seoul 135-710 KoreaByung-Jin Ahn, Dongguk University Medical Science Research Center Seoul KoreaDong-Seok Yim, The Catholic University of Korea Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine Seoul KoreaYoung Suk Park, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center 50...

Sequential chemotherapy with dose-dense docetaxel, cisplatin, folinic acid and 5-fluorouracil (TCF-dd) followed by combination of oxaliplatin, folinic acid, 5-fluorouracil and irinotecan (COFFI) in metastatic gastric cancer: results of a phase II trial

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 15:55:58 +0100

Conclusions A sequential strategy with TCF-dd followed by COFFI is very active and may be of special interest in selected patients. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00280-010-1281-5Authors Matteo Dalla Chiesa, Azienda Ospedaliera di Cremona Departments of Medical Oncology and Biostatistics Cremona ItalyGianluca Tomasello, Azienda Ospedaliera di Cremona Departments of Medical Oncology and Biostatistics Cremona ItalySebastiano Buti, Azienda Ospedaliera di Cremona Departments of Medical Oncology and Biostatistics Cremona ItalyRodrigo Kraft Rovere, Azienda Ospedaliera di Cremona Departments of Medical Oncology and Biostatistics Cremona ItalyMatteo Brighenti, Azienda Ospedaliera di Cremona Departments of Medical Oncology and Biostatistics Cre...

Surgical treatment for gastric cancer in Turkish patients over age 70: early postoperative results and risk factors for mortality

Langenbeck's Archives of Surgery — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 15:23:34 +0100

Conclusion Age alone should not preclude gastric resection in elderly patients. However, for patients with multiple risk factors, more limited surgery should be considered. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00423-010-0625-2Authors Ilter Ozer, Türkiye Yüksek İhtisas Hospital Gastrointestinal Surgery Ankara TurkeyErdal Birol Bostanci, Türkiye Yüksek İhtisas Hospital Gastrointestinal Surgery Ankara TurkeyUmit Koc, Türkiye Yüksek İhtisas Hospital Gastrointestinal Surgery Ankara TurkeyKerem Karaman, Türkiye Yüksek İhtisas Hospital Gastrointestinal Surgery Ankara TurkeyMetin Ercan, Türkiye Yüksek İhtisas Hospital Gastrointestinal Surgery Ankara TurkeyMurat Ulas, Türkiye Yüksek İhtisas Hospital Gastrointestinal Surgery Ankar...

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HER2 expression in gastric cancer: Rare, heterogeneous and of no prognostic value - conclusions from 924 cases of two independent series.

Cellular Oncology — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 13:06:02 +0100

Conclusions: This is the largest study to date demonstrating in two independent series that HER2 expression is not related to gastric cancer patient prognosis and that only a very small subgroup of intestinal type GC may potentially respond to HER2 targeting therapy. Due to prominent intratumoural heterogeneity of HER2 expression in GC, HER2 testing in endoscopic biopsies before treatment will be prone to false negative results. PMID: 20208134 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cellular Oncology)

Perceived Health Can Predict Survival Of Esophago-gastric Cancer

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 09:00:00 +0100

Changes in patients' self-rated quality of life after treatment for esophago-gastric cancer can predict the chances for long-term survival. This is the result researchers at the Swedish medical university Karolinska Institutet made, in a new study published in the Journal of Clinical Oncology. The patient's self-rated quality of life, provide indications of whether he or she will survive... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Perceived Health Can Predict Survival Of Esophago-gastric Cancer

Cancer / Oncology News From Medical News Today — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 09:00:00 +0100

Genomic profiling of gastric carcinoma in situ and adenomas by array-based comparative genomic hybridization

The Journal of Pathology — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In this study, we investigated CNAs of 20 gastric CISs (Vienna category 4.2) and 20 adenomas including seven low-grade adenomas (LGA; Vienna category 3) and 13 high-grade adenomas (HGA; Vienna category 4.1), using oligonucleotide-based array CGH. The most frequent aberrations in CIS were gains at 8q (85%) and 20q (50%), and losses at 5q (50%) and 17p (50%), suggesting that these CNAs are involved in the development of CIS. We found that the pattern of CNAs in HGA was quite different from that in LGA. The most frequent CNAs in HGA were gains at 8q (62%) and 7pq (54%), whereas those in LGA were gain at 7q21.3-q22.1 (57%) and loss at 5q (43%). Interestingly, gains at 8q and 7pq, both of which occurred most frequently in HGA, were not detected in any cases of LGA. Of note, 8q gain was detected...

Comparative genomics and proteomics of Helicobacter mustelae, an ulcerogenic and carcinogenic gastric pathogen

BMC Genomics - Latest articles — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The determination of the genome sequence and expressed proteome of the ulcerogenic species H mustelae provides a comparative model for H. pylori to investigate bacterial gastric carcinogenesis in mammals, and to suggest ways whereby cag minus H. pylori strains might cause ulceration and cancer.The genome sequence was deposited in EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ under accession number FN555004. (Source: BMC Genomics - Latest articles)

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Gastric cancer and salt preference: a population-based cohort study in Korea.

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: The current findings suggest that salt preference has a marginal positive association with a risk of gastric cancer. PMID: 20219954 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)

Molecular detection of host cytokine expression in

Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology — Tue, 09 Mar 2010 17:15:51 +0100

Hosseini M Eshagh, Oghalaie A, Habibi G, Nahvijoo A, Hosseini Z M, Tashakoripoor M, Mohammadi MIndian Journal of Medical Microbiology 2010 28(1):40-44Background: Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is a bacterium recognised as a main causative agent for the development of chronic active gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric adenocarcinoma and primary gastric lymphoma. Objective: Determination of the levels of IFN-&#947; (pro-inflammatory) and IL-4 (anti inflammatory) cytokine expression as indicators of Th1 and Th2 immune responses in gastric cancer (GC) and non gastric cancer (Non GC) dyspeptic patients by gene specific RT-PCR. Materials and Methods: Biopsy specimens were collected from three groups of gastric cancer (GC=18), non ulcer dyspepsia (NUD = 38) and peptic ulcer patients (PU...

Stromal thrombospondin-1 expression is a prognostic indicator and a new marker of invasiveness in intraductal papillary-mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas.

Biomed Res — Tue, 09 Mar 2010 11:06:03 +0100

In conclusion, stromal TSP1 expression is a prognostic indicator and a new marker of invasiveness in IPMN. PMID: 20203415 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Biomed Res)

Validation of the FACT-Gastric cancer quality of life questionnaire for use in Spanish-speaking countries

Psycho-Oncology — Tue, 09 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The universal Spanish FACT-Ga demonstrates content and linguistic validity, and is conceptually equivalent to its English source. It is a promising tool for use in evaluating the health-related quality of life for Spanish-speaking patients with gastrointestinal-related cancers, given more research regarding universally derived reliability and validity statistics. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Psycho-Oncology)

Acute superior mesenteric venous thrombosis with advanced gastric cancer: a case report

BioMed Central — Tue, 09 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Although the advanced stages of neoplasms have a risk of superior mesenteric venous thrombosis (MVT), an initial clinical diagnosis of MVT is sometimes difficult and it can be treated as a cancer-related pain using NSAIDs and/or opioids.We herein present a case of palliative stage of cancer with acute MVT, which was successfully treated with immediate anticoagulant therapy. We believe this case provides an important clinical lesson, which is that we should remember that MVT is one of the potential causes of abdominal pain with cancer patients and the thrombosis can be easily identified by US and CT. (Source: BioMed Central)

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Screening and Identification of Recombinant Anti-Idiotype Antibodies against Gastric Cancer and Colon Cancer Monoclonal Antibodies by a Phage-Displayed Single-Chain Variable Fragment Library

Journal of Biomolecular Screening — Mon, 08 Mar 2010 17:34:28 +0100

Several monoclonal antibodies (McAbs) have been developed that show high sensitivity and specificity to gastric cancer and colorectal cancer. However, few of the antigens recognized by these antibodies have been identified. The authors now report the selection of anti-idiotype (anti-id) antibodies of MGb1 McAb against gastric cancer and MC5 McAb against colorectal cancer using phage-displayed single-chain variable fragment (ScFv) libraries. After purification, the anti-id antibodies were approximately 30 kd and could be recognized by MGb1/MC5 McAb. Anti-id antibodies significantly blocked the binding of MGb1 and MC5 to gastric cancer/colorectal cancer cells, respectively, suggesting that the antibodies were specific to MGb1 and MC5. Antibodies against gastric and colorectal cancer could be...

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 gene methylation and protein expression in gastric adenocarcinoma.

Growth Hormone and IGF Research — Mon, 08 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: In summary, our study did not observe any influence of IGFBP-3 promoter methylation on protein expression. Moreover we propose that IGFBP-3 immunostaining in gastric tissue may be a useful marker for malignancy. PMID: 20219400 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Growth Hormone and IGF Research)

Breastfeeding protects children against peptic ulcer bacterium

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Sun, 07 Mar 2010 05:00:00 +0100

(University of Gothenburg) Young children in developing countries are infected at an early age with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which can cause peptic ulcers and stomach cancer. New findings show that childrens´ immune responses help in fighting the bacteria. In addition, breastfeeding and better hygiene appear to protect against infection. The results provide hope for a vaccine, according to research from the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Simultaneous surgery for critical aortic stenosis and gastric cancer: A case report.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Sun, 07 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We describe simultaneous surgery performed on a 71-year-old woman with critical aortic stenosis and gastric cancer that were diagnosed at the same time. The patient qualified for simultaneous surgery for both these diseases. Good early outcome was achieved. There is a lack of standards for treatment of patients with coexistence of two life-threatening conditions. We discuss surgical tactics and potential benefits of such management. PMID: 20205291 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

Systematic review of D2 lymphadenectomy versus D2 with para-aortic nodal dissection for advanced gastric cancer.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Sun, 07 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: D2 + PAND can be performed as safely as standard D2 resection without increasing post-operative mortality but fail to benefit overall survival in patients with advanced gastric cancer. PMID: 20205287 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

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Alterations of tumor-related genes do not exactly match the histopathological grade in gastric adenocarcinomas.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Sun, 07 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Different from the traditional point of view, the well differentiated cancer tissues have more alterations of important tumor-related genes than the poorly differentiated cancer tissues. PMID: 20205286 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

Cell Culture and Motility Study on a Polymer Surface with a Nanometer-Scaled Stripe Structure.

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry — Sun, 07 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Sakamoto Y, Sato K, Abo M, Tsukahara T, Kitamori T, Abe K, Yoshimura E We developed a large cell culture surface with a nanostripe structure by paving polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) replicas of a glass mold. The stripe structure has a height of 180 nm and top width of 500 nm with 400-nm intervals between stripes. Human stomach cancer SH-10-TC cells cultured on the surface changed their morphology to elongated shapes parallel to the nanostripes. In addition, cell motility parallel to the stripes was greatly enhanced. These findings strongly suggest that the nanostripe structure affected the cell physiology. PMID: 20208350 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry)

Silencing of TKTL1 by siRNA inhibits proliferation of human gastric cancer cells in vitro and in vivo.

Cancer Biology and Therapy — Sat, 06 Mar 2010 19:28:08 +0100

Authors: Yuan W, Wu S, Guo J, Chen Z, Ge J, Yang P, Hu B, Chen Z Tumorigenesis requires energy production via aerobic glycolysis (the Warburg effect) in malignant tumors. Recent research has demonstrated that the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP ) is augmented in some tumors, especially the non-oxidative part of the PPP which is controlled by transketolase (TKT) enzyme reactions. One TKT isoform, transketolase-like protein 1 (TKTL1), is specifically upregulated in different human cancers, and its overexpression predicts poor patient survival. To further define the function of in malignant progression, we employed the small interference RNA (siRNA) technique to knockdown gene expression of TKTL1 in the gastric cancer cell line AGS. We used TKTL1 siRNA to observe the effect of reduced TKTL...

Adjuvant Chemotherapy with Etoposide, Adriamycin and Cisplatin Compared with Surgery Alone in the Treatment of Gastric Cancer: A Phase III Randomized, Multicenter, Clinical Trial.

Oncology — Sat, 06 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Three cycles of EAP regimen postoperatively offer no survival advantage in gastric cancer patients. PMID: 20215786 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Oncology)

Adjuvant Chemotherapy with Etoposide, Adriamycin and Cisplatin Compared with Surgery Alone in the Treatment of Gastric Cancer: A Phase III Randomized, Multicenter, Clinical Trial

Karger Publishers — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Oncology 2010;78:5461 (DOI:10.1159/000292360) (Source: Karger Publishers)

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Potent inhibition of human gastric cancer by HER2-directed induction of apoptosis with anti-HER2 antibody and caspase-3 fusion protein

Gut — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:12:51 +0100

Conclusions The HER-PE-CP3 chimeric molecule could induce selective apoptosis and potent growth inhibition of HER2-positive human gastric cancer cells and might represent a novel HER2-directed treatment option for human gastric cancer. (Source: Gut)

Aetiology and classification of adenocarcinoma of the gastro-oesophageal junction/cardia

Gut — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 11:12:50 +0100

(Source: Gut)

Risky Surgery for Deadly Cancers

Medical Headlines From Ivanhoe.com — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 05:00:00 +0100

BALTIMORE (Ivanhoe Newswire) -- Cancer is never an easy diagnosis to accept -- but when it spreads, the prognosis gets worse. Most patients whose cancer spreads throughout the stomach are given less than a year to live. (Source: Medical Headlines From Ivanhoe.com)

Immunostaining of gastric cancer with neuroendocrine differentiation: Reg IV-positive neuroendocrine cells are associated with gastrin, serotonin, pancreatic polypeptide and somatostatin

Pathology International — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We previously reported that Reg IV is associated with neuroendocrine (NE) differentiation in gastric cancers. The aim was to examine which NE hormone products are related to Reg IV-positive NE cells and their roles in gastric cancers. In the present study, we performed immunohistochemical analysis in a tissue microarray (TMA) of a consecutive series of 630 cases with ten different antibodies, including chromogranin A, synaptophysin and neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM) as NE differentiation markers, and gastrin, serotonin, calcitonin, gastrin-releasing peptide (GRP), pancreatic polypeptide (PP), somatostatin and glucagon as NE hormones. In 630 cases, we identified 205 (33%) with NE differentiation and 147 (23%) positive for Reg IV. Reg IV-positive cases showed NE differentiation more fr...

Astaxanthin decreased oxidative stress and inflammation and enhanced immune response in humans

Nutrition & Metabolism — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Background: Astaxanthin modulates immune response, inhibits cancer cell growth, reduces bacterial load and gastric inflammation, and protects against UVA-induced oxidative stress in in vitro and rodent models. Similar clinical studies in humans are unavailable. Our objective is to study the action of dietary astaxanthin in modulating immune response, oxidative status and inflammation in young healthy adult female human subjects. Methods: Participants (averaged 21.5 yr) received 0, 2, or 8 mg astaxanthin (n = 14/diet) daily for 8 wk in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Immune response was assessed on wk 0, 4 and 8, and tuberculin test performed on wk 8. Results: Plasma astaxanthin increased (P < 0.01) dose-dependently after 4 or 8 wk of supplementation. Astaxanthin decrea...

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Reovirus infection induces apoptosis of TRAIL-resistant gastric cancer cells by down-regulation of Akt activation.

International Journal of Oncology — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 22:58:11 +0100

Authors: Cho IR, Koh SS, Min HJ, Park EH, Srisuttee R, Jhun BH, Kang CD, Kim M, Johnston RN, Chung YH The tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been used to treat a variety of cancer cells. However, since some gastric cancer cells are resistant to TRAIL, we explored whether reovirus induces cytolysis in TRAIL-resistant gastric cancer cells. We found that TRAIL-resistant SNU-216 gastric cancer cells were susceptible to apoptosis by reovirus infection. Furthermore, co-treatment with reovirus and TRAIL accelerated apoptosis of SNU-216 cells by down-regulation of Akt activation as assessed by a very low activation of Akt in TRAIL-sensitive SNU-668 gastric cancer cells. Inhibition of Akt signaling with wortmannin or suppression of Akt expression with sh-A...

Identification of a functional p53 responsive element within the promoter of XAF1 gene in gastrointestinal cancer cells.

International Journal of Oncology — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 22:58:08 +0100

In conclusion, we demonstrated that p53 could suppress the transcription of XAF1 through interaction with a high affinity responsive element (-95 to -86 nt) within XAF1 promoter, indicating a novel exclusive mechanism between these two tumor suppressors. PMID: 20198350 [PubMed - in process] (Source: International Journal of Oncology)

Novel epitheliomesenchymal biphasic stomach tumour (gastroblastoma) in a 9-year-old: morphological, usltrastructural and immunohistochemical findings

Journal of Clinical Pathology — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 15:42:50 +0100

This report describes a probable fourth case of this unique type of neoplasm. The present case arose in the gastric antrum of a 9-year-old boy. While similarities were evident with the other cases, there were some differences. The epithelial component was more predominant and showed more mature morphology. Immunohistochemically, the epithelial component showed immunolabelling for c-KIT and CD56. The mesenchymal component was only focally positive for CD10. Ultrastructually, desmosomes and microvilli were found supporting a truly epithelial lesion. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)

Lymphatics and D2-40/podoplanin expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumours of the stomach with and without lymph node metastasis: an immunohistochemical study with special reference to the Carney triad

Journal of Clinical Pathology — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 15:42:49 +0100

Conclusion The results indicate that intratumoural lymphangiogenesis is probably not involved in lymphatic spread in syndromic/paediatric GISTs. The biological significance of D2-40/podoplanin expression in tumour cells of syndromic/paediatric GISTs and its possible role in lymphatic tumour spread remain to be further investigated. (Source: Journal of Clinical Pathology)

Gene regulation: Can we stomach it? New technique fights against cause of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer

ScienceDaily Headlines — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 10:00:00 +0100

A breakthrough in decoding gene regulation of Helicobacter pylori has been made by an international research team. Using a newly developed sequencing technique, the researchers discovered 60 small ribonucleic acids -- tiny RNA-particles which can regulate genes -- in the genome of this human pathogen. These findings could facilitate the development of new therapeutic strategies against this widespread pathogen. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)

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Direct repression of sonic hedgehog expression in the stomach by Cdx2 leads to intestinal transformation

BJ Disease — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, Cdx2 reduced Shh expression by binding to the unmethylated Shh promoter in the intestinal metaplastic mucosa of Cdx2-transgenic mouse stomach. (Source: BJ Disease)

Intracellular chloride regulates cell proliferation through the activation of stress-activated protein kinases in MKN28 human gastric cancer cells

Journal of Cellular Physiology — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In this study, we demonstrate that mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are involved in the p21 upregulation and cell-cycle arrest induced by reduction of [Cl-]i. Culture of MKN28 cells in a low Cl- medium significantly induced phosphorylation (activation) of MAPKs (ERK, p38, and JNK) and G1/S cell-cycle arrest. To clarify the involvement of MAPKs in p21 upregulation and cell growth inhibition in the low Cl- medium, we studied effects of specific MAPKs inhibitors on p21 upregulation and G1/S cell-cycle arrest in MKN28 cells. Treatment with an inhibitor of p38 or JNK significantly suppressed p21 upregulation caused by culture in a low Cl- medium and rescued MKN28 cells from the low Cl--induced G1 cell-cycle arrest, whereas treatment with an ERK inhibitor had no significant effect on p2...

Direct repression of sonic hedgehog expression in the stomach by Cdx2 leads to intestinal transformation.

The Biochemical Journal — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, Cdx2 reduced Shh expression by binding to the unmethylated Shh promoter in the intestinal metaplastic mucosa of Cdx2-transgenic mouse stomach. PMID: 20199401 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The Biochemical Journal)

The Biology of the Sodium Iodide Symporter and its Potential for Targeted Gene Delivery.

Current Cancer Drug Targets — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Hingorani M, Spitzweg C, Vassaux G, Newbold K, Melcher A, Pandha H, Vile R, Harrington K The sodium iodide symporter (NIS) is responsible for thyroidal, salivary, gastric, intestinal and mammary iodide uptake. It was first cloned from the rat in 1996 and shortly thereafter from human and mouse tissue. In the intervening years, we have learned a great deal about the biology of NIS. Detailed knowledge of its genomic structure, transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation and pharmacological modulation has underpinned the selection of NIS as an exciting approach for targeted gene delivery. A number of in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated the potential of using NIS gene therapy as a means of delivering highly conformal radiation doses selectively to tumours. This ...

Mad = Angry + Crazy + Dumb (Part 2 of 2)

Psychology Today Personality Center — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 17:51:24 +0100

The Physical--and Cognitive--Toll of Anger Another thing that makes anger--or perhaps I should say, unregulated, indiscriminate, or over-the-top anger--so dumb is that it uses up so much energy. Literally, it takes so much out of you. Anger is the one emotion that mobilizes every organ and muscle group in your body. After all, it's typically a response to something that, subjectively, is experienced as an imminent threat. So instinctually your body makes haste to prepare you to attack the (perceived) enemy--though in contemporary society not so much with your fists as with your vocal cords. By the same token, however, the longer your organism continues in this heightened state of arousal, the more you'll end up feeling drained, exhausted, and perhaps even depressed. If you understand...

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Herceptin and Tykerb Effective Against a Subset of Gastric Cancers

Drugs.com - Clinical Trials — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 16:00:26 +0100

LOS ANGELES, March 3, 2010-A combination of two targeted therapies already shown to be effective in breast cancer packs an effective one-two punch against a subset of gastric cancers that have a specific genetic mutation, a study at UCLA's... (Source: Drugs.com - Clinical Trials)

Monoclonal Antibody MG7 Specific for Gastric Cancer

Hybridoma — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 14:10:55 +0100

Hybridoma Feb 2010, Vol. 29, No. 1: 73-73. (Source: Hybridoma)

Monoclonal Antibody MG7 as a Screening Tool for Gastric Cancer

Hybridoma — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 14:10:39 +0100

Hybridoma Feb 2010, Vol. 29, No. 1: 27-30. (Source: Hybridoma)

Herceptin And Tykerb Effective Against A Subset Of Gastric Cancers

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 14:00:00 +0100

A combination of two targeted therapies already shown to be effective in breast cancer packs an effective one-two punch against a subset of gastric cancers that have a specific genetic mutation, a study at UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center has found. The drugs Herceptin and Tykerb when given together proved to significantly inhibit tumor growth in gastric cancers that had amplified levels of HER2, a mutation that results in an aggressive form of the disease, causing the cancers to grow and spread faster... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Herceptin And Tykerb Effective Against A Subset Of Gastric Cancers

Cancer / Oncology News From Medical News Today — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 14:00:00 +0100

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Phase II trial of induction irinotecan-cisplatin followed by concurrent irinotecan-cisplatin and radiotherapy for unresectable, locally advanced gastric and oesophageal-gastric junction adenocarcinoma

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 08:50:08 +0100

Conclusions Induction IC followed by IC/RT showed poor efficacy and significant toxicity in patients with unresectable GC/EGJC. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00280-010-1285-1Authors Fernando Rivera, H. U. Marqués de Valdecilla Medical Oncology Department Santander SpainMaica Galán, ICO L′Hospitalet Medical Oncology Department Barcelona SpainJosep Tabernero, Vall d’Hebron University Hospital Medical Oncology Department Barcelona SpainAndres Cervantes, University of Valencia Hematology and Medical Oncology Department, University Hospital Valencia SpainMª Eugenia Vega-Villegas, H. U. Marqués de Valdecilla Medical Oncology Department Santander SpainJavier Gallego, H. General U, Elche Medical Oncology Department Alicante SpainBerta...

Amylase Concentration of the Drainage Fluid as a Risk Factor for Intra-abdominal Abscess Following Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer

World Journal of Surgery — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 08:50:05 +0100

Conclusions With a negative predictive value of 97.7%, pancreas-related complications are highly unlikely to be observed when amylase concentration is less than 1,000 IU/l, and early removal of the drainage tube could be recommended for these patients. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00268-010-0516-2Authors Naoki Iwata, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Surgery II 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku Nagoya 466-8550 JapanYasuhiro Kodera, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Surgery II 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku Nagoya 466-8550 JapanTakehiko Eguchi, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine Department of Surgery II 65 Tsurumai-Cho, Showa-Ku Nagoya 466-8550 JapanNorifumi Ohashi, Nagoya University Graduate School of...

Laparoscopic Total Gastrectomy and D2 Lymphadenectomy

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 08:06:13 +0100

Conclusions Thanks to laparoscopy, a meticulous lymphadenectomy can be performed under excellent view. Advantages, besides rapid recovery of bowel function, include short hospitalization and better cosmesis. Circular stapler esophagojejunostomy can easily be performed by insertion of the anvil transabdominally. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Gastrointestinal OncologyDOI 10.1245/s10434-010-0936-0Authors Giovanni Dapri, Saint-Pierre University Hospital Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, European School of Laparoscopic Surgery Brussels BelgiumJacques Himpens, Saint-Pierre University Hospital Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, European School of Laparoscopic Surgery Brussels BelgiumGuy-Bernard Cadière, Saint-Pierre University Hospital Department of Gast...

Low direct cytotoxicity of loxoprofen on gastric mucosal cells.

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 07:28:05 +0100

Authors: Yamakawa N, Suemasu S, Kimoto A, Arai Y, Ishihara T, Yokomizo K, Okamoto Y, Otsuka M, Tanaka K, Mizushima T Pro-drugs of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as loxoprofen are widely used for clinical purposes because they are not so harmful to the gastrointestinal mucosa. We recently showed that NSAIDs such as indomethacin and celecoxib have direct cytotoxicity (ability to induce necrosis and apoptosis in gastric mucosal cells) due to their membrane permeabilizing activities, which is involved in NSAID-induced gastric lesions. We show here that under conditions where indomethacin and celecoxib clearly induce necrosis and apoptosis, loxoprofen and its active metabolite loxoprofen-OH, do not have such effects in primary culture of guinea pig gastric mucosal cell...

A Randomized Controlled Trial: Efficacy and Safety of Azithromycin, Ofloxacin, Bismuth, and Omeprazole Compared With Amoxicillin, Clarithromycin, Bismuth, and Omeprazole as Second-Line Therapy in Patients With Helicobacter pylori Infection

Helicobacter — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Two weeks of treatment with ofloxacin, azithromycin, omeprazole, and bismuth is an effective and safe regimen for H. pylori eradication as second-line therapy. (Source: Helicobacter)

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Weekly Intravenous and Intraperitoneal Paclitaxel Combined with S-1 for Malignant Ascites due to Advanced Gastric Cancer.

Oncology — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Kitayama J, Ishigami H, Kaisaki S, Hidemura A, Kato M, Otani K, Kamei T, Soma D, Miyato H, Yamashita H, Nagawa H Malignant ascites caused by gastric cancer are chemotherapy resistant and carry a poor prognosis. The efficacy of a regimen including intraperitoneal paclitaxel (PTX) was evaluated in 33 gastric cancer patients with ascetic fluid in the peritoneal cavity diagnosed with computed tomography (CT) scanning. Synchronous administration of intravenous (50 mg/m(2)) and intraperitoneal (20 mg/m(2)) PTX was performed via a subcutaneously placed intraperitoneal catheter on days 1 and 8, and S-1 was administered twice daily at 80 mg/m(2)/day for 14 consecutive days from day 1 to day 14, followed by 7 days of rest. The ascitic fluid volume was calculated with NIH Image J softwar...

Gertrude Elion - Pioneer of Cancer Drug Development

About.com Breast Cancer — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Gertrude B. Elion Photo © Official Nobel Prize Photo 1988 Women's History Month New York City welcomed Gertrude Elion into the world in 1918 on a freezing January night. She was the child of European immigrants who encouraged her to get a good education. Gertrude attended public school in the Bronx, and when it came time to choose a major for high school, she thought of her beloved grandfather. He had spent lots of time with her and her brother when they were small, and she stayed with him until he passed away of stomach cancer. She decided on chemistry, saying, "I had no specific bent toward science until my grandfather died of cancer. I decided nobody should suffer that much." Elion started at Hunter College in 1933, the year her grandfather died. The stock market had crashed...

A New Cytotoxic Trichothecene Macrolide from the Endophyte Myrothecium roridum

Planta Medica — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 14:18:55 +0100

Planta MedDOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1240897AbstractA new cytotoxic roridin-type trichothecene macrolide named roritoxin E () was characterized from the solid culture of IFB-E091 (residing originally inside root), together with the known compounds lumichrome (), (22,24)-cerevisterol (), and (22,24)-6-methoxy-ergosta-7,22-diene-3,5-diol (). The structure of the new macrolide () was elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic (UV, IR, MS, and 1D and 2D NMR) analyses. Compound was demonstrated to be inhibitory against the gastric carcinoma SGC-7901 and hepatocarcinoma SMMC-7721 cell lines, with IC values of 0.26 and 10.54 µg/mL, respectively. 5-Fluorouracil co-assayed as a positive control had an IC value of 6.66 µg/mL against SGC-7901 cells, and it demonstrated only a 9.98̴...

Five common cancers in iran.

Archives of Iranian Medicine — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 12:04:24 +0100

Authors: Kolahdoozan S, Sadjadi A, Radmard AR, Khademi H Iran as a developing nation is in epidemiological transition from communicable to non-communicable diseases. Although, cancer is the third cause of death in Iran, it;s mortality are on the rise during recent decades. This mini-review was carried out to provide a general viewpoint on common cancers incidence in Iran and to explain incidental differences that may help us to establish early detection programs and investigate population risk factors. A detailed PubMed, Scopus and Google scholar search were made from 2000 to 2009. The basic inclusion criteria were all relevant studies focused on cancer epidemiological data from Iran. Overall age-standard incidence rate per 100 000 population according to primary site is 110.43 in male...

Breastfeeding Protects Children Against Peptic Ulcer Bacterium

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 08:00:00 +0100

Young children in developing countries are infected at an early age with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which can cause peptic ulcers and stomach cancer. New findings show that childrensÂ´ immune responses help in fighting the bacteria. In addition, breastfeeding and better hygiene appear to protect against infection. The results provide hope for a vaccine, according to research from the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Sweden... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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Breastfeeding Protects Children Against Peptic Ulcer Bacterium

Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 08:00:00 +0100

Young children in developing countries are infected at an early age with the bacterium Helicobacter pylori, which can cause peptic ulcers and stomach cancer. New findings show that childrensÂ´ immune responses help in fighting the bacteria. In addition, breastfeeding and better hygiene appear to protect against infection... (Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today)

Herceptin and Tykerb effective against a subset of gastric cancers

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 05:00:00 +0100

(University of California - Los Angeles) A combination of two targeted therapies already shown to be effective in breast cancer packs an effective one-two punch against a subset of gastric cancers that have a specific genetic mutation, a study at UCLA's Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center has found. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Circulating tumor cells as a surrogate marker for determining response to chemotherapy in patients with advanced gastric cancer

Cancer Science — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study investigates the hypothesis that CTCs can predict clinical outcomes in patients with AGC. From November 2007 to June 2009, 52 patients with AGC were enrolled into a prospective study. The chemotherapy regimen was an S-1-based regimen (S-1 with or without cisplatin) or paclitaxel. CTCs of whole blood at baseline, 2 weeks, and 4 weeks after initiation of chemotherapy, were isolated and enumerated using immunomagnetics. Patients with [ge]4 CTCs at 2-week points and 4-week points had a shorter median progression-free survival (PFS) (1.4, 1.4 months, respectively) than those with the median PFS of (Source: Cancer Science)

Nausea and Vomiting in Advanced Cancer.

The American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ang SK, Shoemaker LK, Davis MP Nausea and vomiting are relatively common in advanced cancer and is dreaded more than pain by patients. The history, pattern of nausea and vomiting, associated symptoms, and physical examination provides clues as to etiology and may guide therapy. Continuous severe nausea unrelieved by vomiting is usually caused by medications or metabolic abnormalities, while nausea relieved by vomiting or induced by eating is usually due to gastroparesis, gastric outlet obstruction, or small bowel obstruction. Drug choices are empiric or based on etiology. Metoclopramide has the greatest evidence for efficacy followed by phenothiazines and tropisetron. Corticosteroids have not been effective in randomized trials except in the case of bowel obstruction. Treatmen...

Alternate-day treatment with S-1 in patients with gastric cancer: a retrospective study of strategies for reducing toxicity

International Journal of Clinical Oncology — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 18:08:45 +0100

Conclusion Alternate-day treatment with S-1 may have milder adverse events without compromising therapeutic effectiveness. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10147-010-0036-yAuthors Kazuya Sakuma, Jichi Medical University Department of Surgery 3311-1 Shimotsuke Tochigi 329-0498 JapanYoshinori Hosoya, Jichi Medical University Department of Surgery 3311-1 Shimotsuke Tochigi 329-0498 JapanWataru Arai, Jichi Medical University Department of Surgery 3311-1 Shimotsuke Tochigi 329-0498 JapanHidenori Haruta, Jichi Medical University Department of Surgery 3311-1 Shimotsuke Tochigi 329-0498 JapanTakashi Ui, Jichi Medical University Department of Surgery 3311-1 Shimotsuke Tochigi 329-0498 JapanKentaro Kurashina, Jichi Medical University Department of...

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Complete response of anaplastic pancreatic carcinoma to paclitaxel treatment selected by chemosensitivity testing

International Journal of Clinical Oncology — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 18:08:43 +0100

Abstract A 58-year-old woman was admitted to our institute in June 2007 because of obstructive jaundice. A mass in the pancreatic head and multiple swollen lymph nodes surrounding the common hepatic artery were identified using computed tomography (CT). Subsequently, endoscopic ultrasonography-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy (EUS-FNA) was done. Histopathologic results revealed anaplastic carcinoma of the pancreas. Using specimens obtained with EUS-FNA, chemosensitivity testing with adenosine triphosphate assay was performed. Testing indicated high chemosensitivity to paclitaxel (PTX). According to this result, chemotherapy using PTX was performed, and the primary lesion and lymph node metastases disappeared completely on CT. The patient has been doing well with no rec...

Genome-wide gene copy number and expression analysis of primary gastric tumors and gastric cancer cell lines

BMC Cancer — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Background: Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignancies worldwide and the second most common cause of cancer related death. Gene copy number alterations play an important role in the development of gastric cancer and a change in gene copy number is one of the main mechanisms for a cancer cell to control the expression of potential oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. Methods: To highlight genes of potential biological and clinical relevance in gastric cancer, we carried out a systematic array-based survey of gene expression and copy number levels in primary gastric tumors and gastric cancer cell lines and validated the results using an affinity capture based transcript analysis (TRAC assay) and real-time qRT-PCR. Results: Integrated microarray analysis revealed altogether 256 ge...

Interplay between Helicobacter pylori and immune cells in immune pathogenesis of gastric inflammation and mucosal pathology.

Cellular and Molecular Immunology — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This article will review the recent novel findings on the interactions of H. pylori with diverse host epithelial signaling pathways and events involved in the initiation of gastric pathology, including gastric inflammation, mucosal damage and development of MALT lymphomas. PMID: 20190789 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cellular and Molecular Immunology)

[Leading Edge] New hope for advanced gastric cancer

The Lancet Oncology — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

On Jan 28, 2010, European authorities approved trastuzumab—a monoclonal antibody against HER2—in combination with chemotherapy for first-line treatment of patients with HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer. The licence was granted following the positive opinion of the Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use, and was reviewed through an accelerated process after promising findings were reported from the international phase 3 ToGA (Trastuzumab for Gastric Cancer) trial comparing trastuzumab in combination with standard chemotherapy versus standard chemotherapy alone for the treatment of HER2-positive advanced gastric cancer. This is the first targeted biological therapy to show a survival benefit in this difficult-to-treat cancer and, with several targeted agents currently being ...

DNA methylation patterns of ulcer-healing genes associated with the normal gastric mucosa of gastric cancers.

J Korean Med Sci — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In this study, the methylation status of the key tissue-specific genes in normal gastric mucosa of healthy individuals and cancer patients was evaluated. The methylation-variable sites of 14 genes, including ulcer-healing genes (TFF1, TFF2, CDH1, and PPARG), were chosen from the CpG-island margins or non-island CpGs near the transcription start sites. The healthy individuals as well as the normal gastric mucosa of 23 ulcer, 21 non-invasive cancer, and 53 cancer patients were examined by semiquantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. The ulcer-healing genes were concurrently methylated with other genes depending on the presence or absence of CpG-islands in the normal mucosa of healthy individuals. Both the TFF2 and PPARG genes were frequently undermethylated...

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Magnifying narrow-band imaging versus magnifying white-light imaging for the differential diagnosis of gastric small depressive lesions: a prospective study

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Adding NBI to the WLI examination is essential for making an accurate diagnosis of gastric SDLs compared with magnifying WLI alone. (UMIN Clinical Trials Registry identification number C000000421) (Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)

Impact of EUS-guided FNA on management of gastric carcinoma

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: EUS-guided FNA is a very important modality and should be integrated as a routine procedure in the preoperative staging algorithm of gastric cancer. (Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)

Successful outcomes of endoscopic resection for gastric adenomas and early cancers located on the pyloric ring (with video)

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Endoscopic resection appears to be a feasible and effective treatment for early gastric neoplasms located on the pyloric ring, including lesions that extend from the pyloric area to the duodenal bulb. (Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)

Clinical characteristics of pulmonary embolism with underlying malignancy.

The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: PE was diagnosed within 1 year after the cancer diagnosis in almost 70% of patients. Lung cancer was the most common underlying malignancy. PMID: 20195405 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine)

Endoscopic-Bioptic Diagnostics, Surveillance of and Therapy for Gastrointestinal Diseases According to Guidelines.

Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Warich-Eitel S, Fischbach W, Eck M The present review summarises the detailed recommendations for an optimal endoscopic-bioptic diagnostic procedure, endoscopic surveillance of and therapy for gastrointestinal diseases. The recommendations are mainly based on the S 3-guidelines and have been developed by histopathologists and gastroenterologists in interdisciplinary work. The material has been arranged according to topographic regions of the gastrointestinal tract and clinical problems. The focus is placed on diagnostic and surveillance of Barrett's oesophagus, therapy and postoperative treatment for early gastrointestinal carcinoma, management of colon polyps and endoscopic surveillance of inflammatory bowel disease. Treatment recommendations for both ulcerative colitis and C...

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Clinical news.

British Journal of Hospital Medicine — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lyon S, Mayor S News stories: Adequate opioid-based pain relief is a human right Advancing treatment for chronic stable angina Tackling gastric cancer VTE prevention and treatment study launches in Europe Over 3000 emergency hospital admissions a year for children with diabetes Candesartan more effective in reducing blood pressure. PMID: 20220715 [PubMed - in process] (Source: British Journal of Hospital Medicine)

Reducing Population Salt Intake Worldwide: From Evidence to Implementation

Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Raised blood pressure is a major cause of cardiovascular disease, responsible for 62% of stroke and 49% of coronary heart disease. There is overwhelming evidence that dietary salt is the major cause of raised blood pressure and that a reduction in salt intake lowers blood pressure, thereby, reducing blood pressure-related diseases. Several lines of evidence including ecological, population, and prospective cohort studies, as well as outcome trials, demonstrate that a reduction in salt intake is related to a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. Increasing evidence also suggests that a high salt intake may directly increase the risk of stroke, left ventricular hypertrophy, and renal disease; is associated with obesity through soft drink consumption; is related to renal stones and ...

[Effects of Xiaotan Sanjie Decoction-containing serum on proliferation and apoptosis of human gastric cancer cells MKN-45.]

Zhong xi yi jie he xue bao : Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine. — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Xiaotan Sanjie Decoction-containing serum can inhibit the MKN-45 cell proliferation and induce cell apoptosis, which provides an experimental evidence for its treatment of human gastric cancer. PMID: 20226147 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Zhong xi yi jie he xue bao : Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine.)

[Survival benefit of an herbal formula for invigorating spleen for elderly patients with gastric cancer.]

Zhong xi yi jie he xue bao : Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine. — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The herbal formula for invigorating spleen has an important value for improving the prognosis of elderly patients with gastric cancer. This herbal formula show survival benefit for advanced gastric cancer in elderly patients. The influence of TCHM on disease-free survival and overall survival of postoperative gastric cancer in elderly patients need to be further evaluated. PMID: 20226143 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Zhong xi yi jie he xue bao : Journal of Chinese Integrative Medicine.)

New Cancer-Fighting Strategy That May Help Barrett's Esophagus Patients

About Heartburn / Acid Reflux — Sun, 28 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

A new study out of UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, one which has been studying the immune system, has identified a set of targets and bio-markers to battle solid tumors. Findings of this study center on discovery of signaling molecules that are major players in a biochemical mechanism linking certain actions of B cells to solid tumor growth. Lisa Coussens, PhD, lead author of the study, stated that the most notable implication of the study is that a drug in use for more than decade to treat non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, which is a cancer of the B cells, might be effective against other solid tumors. What does this mean for those individuals diagnosed with Barrett's esophagus? Biochemical and cellular studies during the past decade have shown that inflammation can promote ...

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Current Status and Problems in Development of Molecular Target Agents for Gastrointestinal Malignancy in Japan

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology — Fri, 26 Feb 2010 16:57:31 +0100

Since late 1990s, many molecular target agents have been introduced to clinical trials for various kinds of tumors, and some of them showing significant benefits have been approved. However, these global trials were mainly conducted outside Japan, and the ‘drag lag’ has been a serious problem in Japan recently. Nowadays, Japanese institutions have been participating in some global trials, and the drug lags are getting shorter. For colorectal cancer, molecular target agents such as bevacizumab and cetuximab have been approved in Japan, resulting in improved clinical outcomes. For gastric cancer, Japanese institutions not only contribute to the global Phase III trials of trastuzumab and bevacizumab but also show leadership in the early development of other new agents. For pancrea...

Sentinel node mapping during laparoscopic distal gastrectomy for gastric cancer: technical notes

Surgical Endoscopy — Fri, 26 Feb 2010 06:51:50 +0100

Conclusions Sentinel node navigation with a double tracer during laparoscopic gastrectomy for cancer is feasible. Nevertheless, it is mandatory to standardize the method of SLN identification to increase the diagnosis of lymph node metastases. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Multimedia ManuscriptDOI 10.1007/s00464-010-0950-0Authors Elena Orsenigo, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele Department of Surgery Via Olgettina 60-20132 Milan ItalySaverio Di Palo, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele Department of Surgery Via Olgettina 60-20132 Milan ItalyEdi Viale, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele Department of Gastroenterology Via Olgettina 60-20132 Milan ItalyEnzo Masci, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele Department of Gastroenterology Via Olgettina 60-20132 Milan I...

Prediction of Liver Metastases After Gastric Cancer Resection with the Use of Learning Vector Quantization Neural Networks

Digestive Diseases and Sciences — Fri, 26 Feb 2010 06:46:26 +0100

Conclusion The presented model exhibited a high negative predictive value and reasonable high sensitivity for liver metastases. To improve sensitivity, the inclusion of more patients and perhaps biological markers is still necessary. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10620-010-1155-zAuthors Tomaz Jagric, University Clinical Centre Maribor Department of Abdominal Surgery Ljubljanska 5 2000 Maribor SloveniaStojan Potrc, University Clinical Centre Maribor Department of Abdominal Surgery Ljubljanska 5 2000 Maribor SloveniaTimotej Jagric, University of Maribor Department for Quantitative Economic Analysis, Faculty of Economics and Business Razlagova 14 2000 Maribor Slovenia Journal Digestive Diseases and SciencesOnline ISSN 1573-2568...

Phase III study of Avastin in advanced stomach cancer did not meet primary endpoint

World Pharma News — Fri, 26 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Roche (SIX: RO, ROG; OTCQX: RHHBY) announced today the topline results from a global phase III trial investigating the use of Avastin (bevacizumab) in combination with Xeloda (capecitabine) or fluorouracil and cisplatin chemotherapy in patients with inoperable, advanced or metastatic gastric cancer (stomach cancer). (Source: World Pharma News)

Immune-mediated pancytopenia induced by oxaliplatin: a case report.

Transfusion — Fri, 26 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our case convincingly demonstrates that oxaliplatin led to the production of drug-dependent PLT, RBC, and WBC antibodies inducing pancytopenia in the patient. The oxaliplatin was discontinued and patient's hematologic values recovered to normal levels. PMID: 20210930 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transfusion)

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Roche's Avastin helps in ovarian cancer

Reuters: Health — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 10:04:33 +0100

ZURICH (Reuters) - Roche's Avastin helps women with advanced ovarian cancer live longer without their disease getting worse, a late-stage study showed, boosting its prospects after a recent setback in stomach cancer. (Source: Reuters: Health)

Can Superextended Lymph Node Dissection be Justified for Gastric Cancer with Pathologically Positive Para-aortic Lymph Nodes?

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 08:01:13 +0100

Conclusions Prophylactic PALN dissection can not be justified in curable advanced gastric cancer. However, R0 resection including PALN retrieval might be beneficial in patients with pathologically positive PALN, providing patients are carefully selected and operations are performed safely. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Gastrointestinal OncologyDOI 10.1245/s10434-010-0969-4Authors Masanori Tokunaga, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital Tokyo JapanShigekazu Ohyama, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital Tokyo JapanNaoki Hiki, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institu...

Current State of Gastric Stump Carcinoma in Japan: Based on the Results of a Nationwide Survey

World Journal of Surgery — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 06:49:25 +0100

Conclusions This large series of surveys suggest that there are two distinct biological plausibilities in the development of gastric stump carcinoma: (1) it develops in a shorter time interval of 10 years or less since the original gastrectomy, may come from a higher risk of gastric mucosa after gastrectomy for cancer diseases that highly predisposes to cancer, and (2) it develops during a longer time interval of 20 years or more, may come from gastrectomy-relating mechanisms after gastrectomy for original benign diseases. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00268-010-0505-5Authors Nobuhiko Tanigawa, Osaka Medical College Department of General and Gastroenterological Surgery 17-2, Daigaku-Machi Takatsuki City Osaka 569-8686 JapanEiji Nomura, Osaka M...

Advances of Endomicroscopy for Gastrointestinal Physiology and Diseases.

Am J Physiol Gastroi... — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Goetz M, Kiesslich R Confocal endomicroscopy is a novel technique that permits in vivo microscopy of the human gastrointestinal mucosa during ongoing endoscopy, thereby providing optical virtual biopsies. Endomicroscopy has been demonstrated to reveal histologic information in a multitude of diseases in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract in vivo. Most studies have focused on inflammation and neoplasia, such as Barrett's esophagus, gastric cancer, celiac disease, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, or colorectal neoplasias. Endomicroscopy allows obtaining "smart", targeted biopsies from regions with microscopic alterations rather than having to rely on random untargeted tissue sampling. This reduces the number of biopsies while increasing the diagnostic yield. In ad...

Targeted HER2 Treatment in Advanced Gastric Cancer.

Oncology — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Jørgensen JT Amplification of the HER2 gene and over-expression of the HER2 protein in gastric cancer have been shown in a large number of studies. HER2 positivity can be detected in approximately 20% of patients, which is a characteristic associated with poor prognosis. Preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that both trastuzumab and lapatinib are effective in different gastric cancer models and have thus lead to the initiation of clinical studies. In the first phase III study, the ToGA trial, HER2-positive patients with advanced gastroesophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma were randomized to receive 5-fluorouracil/capecitabine and cisplatin either alone or in combination with trastuzumab. A statically significant gain in overall survival was seen in t...

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Evaluation of a pylorus-preserving gastrectomy for patients preoperatively diagnosed with early gastric cancer located in the middle third of the stomach

Surgery Today — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 15:49:45 +0100

Conclusions Pylorus-preserving gastrectomy patients had fewer postoperative complications than DG patients. The long-term follow-up of these patients will clarify the nutritional and prognostic benefits of PPG. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00595-009-4043-4Authors Masahide Ikeguchi, Tottori University Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine 36-1 Nishi-cho Yonago 683-8504 JapanTomoko Hatada, Tottori University Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine 36-1 Nishi-cho Yonago 683-8504 JapanManabu Yamamoto, Tottori University Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine 36-1 Nishi-cho Yonago 683-8504 JapanTakanori Miyake, Tottori University De...

A sodium hyaluronate carboxymethylcellulose bioresorbable membrane prevents postoperative small-bowel adhesive obstruction after distal gastrectomy

Surgery Today — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 15:49:40 +0100

Conclusion In this series, Seprafilm reduced the incidence of adhesive obstruction after DG significantly; however, a prospective randomized study will be necessary to confirm this result. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00595-008-4059-1Authors Hideki Kawamura, JA Sapporo Kosei Hospital Department of Surgery N3, E8, Chuo-ku Sapporo 060-0033 JapanRyoichi Yokota, JA Sapporo Kosei Hospital Department of Surgery N3, E8, Chuo-ku Sapporo 060-0033 JapanKentaro Yokota, JA Sapporo Kosei Hospital Department of Surgery N3, E8, Chuo-ku Sapporo 060-0033 JapanHiroshi Watarai, JA Sapporo Kosei Hospital Department of Surgery N3, E8, Chuo-ku Sapporo 060-0033 JapanYoshihiko Tsunoda, JA Sapporo Kosei Hospital Department of Surgery N3, E8, Chuo-ku Sappo...

UCLA–Veterans Affairs team develops new tool to help guide pancreatic cyst treatment

UCLA Newsroom: Health Sciences — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 08:00:00 +0100

As a result of improved imaging technology, pancreatic cysts are increasingly diagnosed in asymptomatic individuals who undergo scans for other reasons. And while most of these cysts follow a benign course, a small but significant number are either malignant at the time of diagnosis or have the potential to develop into pancreatic cancer during a patient's lifetime. The dilemma for both patient and clinician is determining which cysts to leave alone and which to surgically remove. Existing treatment guidelines don't clearly address many treatment options beyond the removal of part of the pancreas — a major undertaking for an asymptomatic lesion. Now, a UCLA–Veterans Affairs research team has developed an evaluation tool to help guide asymptomatic pancreatic ...

Phase III Study Of Avastin Plus Chemotherapy In Advanced Stomach Cancer Did Not Meet Primary Endpoint

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 07:00:00 +0100

Genentech, Inc., a wholly owned member of the Roche Group (SIX: RO, ROG; OTCQX: RHHBY), today announced that a Phase III study (AVAGAST) did not meet its primary endpoint of showing Avastin® (bevacizumab) plus Xeloda® (capecitabine) or 5-FU and cisplatin chemotherapy extended the lives of people with inoperable or advanced stomach (gastric) cancer, compared to chemotherapy alone. Adverse events in the trial were consistent with those previously reported for Avastin and no new safety signals have been observed to date... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)