MedWorm: Hypopharyngeal Cancer

Planned Neck Dissection before Combined Chemoradiation in Organ Preservation Protocol for N2-N3 of Supraglottic or Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma

Karger Publishers — Wed, 08 Feb 2012 12:48:07 +0100

ORL 2012;74:64-69 (DOI:10.1159/000333111) (Source: Karger Publishers)

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Value of narrow band imaging endoscopy in early mucosal head and neck cancer

Head and Neck — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionThe brownish spots have higher reliability for screening in early cancer of the mouth floor, hypopharynx, and epiglottis, but not in other mucosal sites. Mucosal sites with type 2a epithelium have a higher tendency of demonstrating brownish spots. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012 (Source: Head and Neck)

Prediction of Neck Dissection Requirement After Definitive Radiotherapy for Head-and-Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 09:33:53 +0100

Conclusions: With 92% 5-year neck control rate without neck dissection after CR, there is little justification for systematic neck dissection. The addition of a neck dissection resulted in higher neck control after partial response though patients with viable tumor on pathology specimens had poorer outcomes. The identification of that subgroup that benefits from additional treatment remains a challenge. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)

Clinical Profile of Pharyngeal Malignancy in a Tertiary Care Centre, State of Uttarakhand

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:53:58 +0100

This study presents a series of 94 cases of pharyngeal malignancy conducted at Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand in the Department of Otorhinolaryngology for a period of one year (2009–2010). Mean age at presentation was 56.8 years (age range 18–100 years). Male:Female ratio was 8.4:1.0. Maximum patients belonged to lower socio-economic status as per Kuppuswamy’s classification (2003). Majority of them were farmer (38.2%) by occupation and belonged to rural areas. 90.4% patients had history of tobacco smoking. Dysphagia was the commonest chief complaint. The most common subsite was oropharynx (51.0%) followed by hypopharynx (45.7%). Ulceroproliferative growth was the most common clinical finding. Histopathologically, squamous cell carcinom...

Single‐stage reconstruction of oral and hypopharyngeal double cancer with a free jejunal flap

Microsurgery — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractMultiple primary tumors are a known phenomenon in head and neck cancer. However, the incidence of simultaneous oral and hypopharyngeal double cancer is extremely rare. In light of this, the surgical treatment for oral and hypopharyngeal double cancer has not been established. Here we present a case of oral and hypopharyngeal double cancer in which we successfully used a free jejunal flap to reconstruct an oral and hypopharyngeal defect. When the oral tumor is limited to the mucosal surface, a single‐stage reconstruction with a free jejunal flap is a suitable option because it is simple and causes less morbidity than using additional flap reconstruction. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microsurgery, 2012. (Source: Microsurgery)

Definitive Radiotherapy versus Postoperative Radiotherapy of Patients with Oro- and Hypopharyngeal Cancer: Impact of Prognostic Factors

Advances in Urology — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 14:02:42 +0100

Conclusions. The TTV was the predominant prognostic factor for both, patients treated with definitive or postoperative radiotherapy. (Source: Advances in Urology)

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The value of PET/CT to assess clinically negative necks

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 07:18:53 +0100

Abstract The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of [18F]-2-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) in evaluating metastasis of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) to the cervical lymph nodes, with specific attention to the efficacy in regard to clinically negative necks. This was a retrospective review of 243 patients with HNSCC between years 2005 and 2007 treated at a comprehensive cancer care institution who underwent pre-operative PET/CT and neck dissection with either an N0 (112 patients) or N+ (131 patients) clinical nodal status. PET/CT findings were correlated with histopathological results of surgical specimens. A majority of the primary sites were oral cavity and oropharynx (70%), followed by larynx, unknown primary and ...

Successful closure of pharyngo-cutaneous and phayryngo-tracheal fistulas using removable hypopharyngeal stent after laryngectomy for laryngeal carcinoma

The Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Mohamad A Eloubeidi, Desiree E Morgan, William R Carroll, Lawrence F JohnsonSaudi Journal of Gastroenterology 2012 18(1):62-67Placement of removable stents to close pharyngo-cutaneous and tracheo-pharyngeal fistulas after laryngectomy has not been reported before. This case presents the feasibility of removable esophageal stent in closing pharyngo-cutaneous and tracheo-pharyngeal fistulas after laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer. Consecutive patients who underwent placement of removable esophageal stent for closing pharyngo-cutaneous and tracheo-pharyngeal fistulas after laryngectomy for laryngeal cancer. Three patients underwent successful stent placement in the hypopharynx. The stents were well tolerated. Patient one had the stent for 14 months, leading to complete healing of the fistula....

Prevalence of esophageal cancer during the pretreatment of hypopharyngeal cancer patients: Routinely performed esophagogastroduodenoscopy and FDG-PET/CT findings.

Acta Oncologica — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions. The prevalence of esophageal cancer during the pretreatment of HPC patients was 51.5%; this prevalence was higher than that in previous reports. We believe that the increasing proportion of superficial lesions (82.8%) detected using iodine staining and EGD may have led to the relatively high prevalence. FDG-PET/CT detected only 20.7% of the esophageal cancers, although FDG-PET/CT is capable of detecting unexpected primary malignant tumors other than esophageal cancer. PMID: 22229748 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Acta Oncologica)

Dual wavelength tumor targeting for detection of hypopharyngeal cancer using near‐infrared optical imaging in an animal model

International Journal of Cancer — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, we demonstrated the feasibility of dual wavelength tumor detection using different targeting strategies simultaneously in an animal model. Combined targeting at different wavelengths allowed simultaneous imaging of different tumor characteristics. Near‐infrared fluorescence optical imaging has the potential to be translated into the clinic in order to improve the complete removal of tumors by real‐time image‐guided surgery. (Source: International Journal of Cancer)

Evaluation of overall tumor cellularity after neoadjuvant chemotherapy in patient with locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancer

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 19:37:51 +0100

Abstract The aim of this study is to clarify the prognostic value of the pathological overall tumor cellularity after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancer. In consecutive series of 45 operable patients with locally advanced hypopharyngeal cancer, neoadjuvant chemotherapy by cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil was administered. Pathological image analysis was performed in 30 patients using the large cross-section specimen after total resection to evaluate the overall tumor cellularity. The chemotherapeutic responses were classified according to the pathological grading scale by dividing into four categories; more than 70% overall tumor cellularity in Grade 1, between an estimated 10 and 70% in Grade 2, less than 10% in Grade 3, and no identifiable ma...

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Sentinel node biopsy for oral and laryngopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma: A retrospective study of 177 patients in Japan

Auris, Nasus, Larynx — Sun, 08 Jan 2012 20:04:34 +0100

Conclusion: Frozen section analysis, particularly multislice sectioning, offers a relatively reliable intraoperative diagnostic method. We were able to perform immediate neck dissection based on the results of multislice sectioning as a single-stage procedure. (Source: Auris, Nasus, Larynx)

Caveolin‐1 overexpression is associated with simultaneous abnormal expression of the E‐cadherin/α‐β catenins complex and multiple ErbB receptors and with lymph nodes metastasis in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas

Journal of Cellular Physiology — Thu, 29 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

In this study we used 57 HNSCC specimens to investigate whether the abnormal expression of caveolin‐1 was associated with the derangement of the E‐cadherin‐catenins complex and with the overexpression of ErbB receptors. We demonstrate that in HNSCCs caveolin‐1 overexpression is associated with the simultaneous abnormal expression of at least one member of the E‐cadherin/α‐β catenins complex and multiple ErbB receptors as well as with lymph node metastases. We also demonstrate that chronic stimulation of a human hypopharyngeal carcinoma cell line (FaDu) with EGF induced the internalization of β‐catenin and caveolin‐1 and their co‐localization with EGFR. Moreover, EGF treatment induced an increased physical interaction between EGFR/β‐catenin/caveolin‐1 and between E...

Robot-Assisted Removal of a Posterior Pharyngeal Wall Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 16:43:31 +0100

This report presents a rare case of a mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the posterior pharyngeal wall of the hypopharynx. Excision of the lesion was performed by transoral robotic surgery (TORS). The rarity of hypopharyngeal mucoepidermoid carcinoma and the technical advantages of TORS are presented and discussed in this study. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportPages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s12070-011-0335-2Authors Fatma Tülin Kayhan, E.N.T Clinic, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Teaching and Research Hospital, Istanbul, TurkeyKamil Hakan Kaya, E.N.T Clinic, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Teaching and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkeyİbrahim Sayın, E.N.T Clinic, Bakırköy Dr. Sadi Konuk Teaching and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey Journal Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and ...

Submandibular gland-sparing intensity modulated radiotherapy in the treatment of head and neck cancer: Sites of locoregional relapse and survival.

Acta Oncologica — Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion. In selected head and neck cancer patients who are estimated to have a low risk of cancer recurrence at the nodal levels I-II and who are treated with SMG-sparing IMRT the risk of cancer recurrence at the vicinity of the spared salivary glands is low. PMID: 22150115 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Acta Oncologica)

Diagnostic utility of narrow-band imaging endoscopy for pharyngeal superficial carcinoma.

World Journal of Gastroenterology — Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Redness, IBE, and microvascular irregularities appear to be closely related to SC lesions. Magnified NBI endoscopy may increase the diagnostic accuracy of CWL endoscopy for SC. PMID: 22174550 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology)

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Transoral robotic surgery for head and neck carcinomas

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 17:33:58 +0100

The objective of this study was prospectively to assess the feasibility and safety of transoral robotic surgery (TORS) in head and neck carcinomas and to report our learning curve and 2-year outcomes. Patients with oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal and laryngeal tumors treated with TORS were prospectively included. We evaluated: the feasibility of TORS, robotic set-up time, transoral robotic surgery time, blood loss, surgical margins, tracheotomy, feeding tube, time to oral feeding and surgery-related complications. Twenty-three patients were treated for 25 carcinomas. Twenty-two patients underwent successful robotic resection for 24 carcinomas (96%). One patient required conversion to open surgery due to massive bleeding. The mean robotic set-up time was 25 min (range: 15–100&nbs...

A “watch window” technique for monitoring buried free jejunum flaps during circumferential pharyngolaryngectomy reconstruction

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology — Thu, 24 Nov 2011 17:50:24 +0100

In this study, we designed a “watch window” for monitoring buried free jejunum flaps, thereby allowing us to assess graft viability. From 2007 to 2011, 14 patients with hypopharyngeal cancer underwent circumferential pharyngolaryngectomy that was reconstructed using a free jejunum flap at the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre. During the closing of the neck incision, a “watch window” was designed for postoperative monitoring. Two patients experienced thrombosis of the pedicle. One was detected early and successfully rescued by removal of the thrombosis, the other one managed with a second free jejunum flap. The success rate of the buried flaps was 92.9%. No pharyngocutaneous fistulas or strictures occurred. All patients eventually resumed oral feeding and swallowing. The ...

In Response to Dr. Yang and Colleagues

International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics — Tue, 22 Nov 2011 20:40:02 +0100

This study proves that the tumor volume reduction rate (VRR) is a predictor for local control in oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) and hypopharyngeal cancer (HPC) patients after intensity-modulated radiation therapy. However, there are some limitations in this retrospective study. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)

Quality Indicators in Head and Neck Operations: A Comparison With Published Benchmarks [Original Article]

Archives of Otolaryngology — Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion Our findings demonstrate the applicability of quality indicators to the care of patients with head and neck cancer treated by surgical intervention stratified by acuity and compared with established benchmarks. (Source: Archives of Otolaryngology)

Oncological outcome after free jejunal flap reconstruction for carcinoma of the hypopharynx

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology — Fri, 18 Nov 2011 06:58:19 +0100

Abstract It has been a common practice among the oncologist to reduce the dosage of adjuvant radiotherapy for patients after free jejunal flap reconstruction. The current aims to study potential risk of radiation to the visceral flap and the subsequent oncological outcome. Between 1996 and 2010, consecutive patients with carcinoma of the hypopharynx requiring laryngectomy, circumferential pharyngectomy and post-operative irradiation were recruited. Ninety-six patients were recruited. TNM tumor staging at presentation was: stage II (40.6%), stage III (34.4%) and stage IV (25.0%). Median follow-up period after surgery was 68 months. After tumor ablation, reconstruction was performed using free jejunal flap (60.4%), pectoralis major myocutaneous (PM) flap (31.3%) and fre...

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Prospective trial of chemotherapy‐enhanced accelerated radiotherapy for larynx preservation in patients with intermediate‐volume hypopharyngeal cancer

Head and Neck — Fri, 11 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Prognostic significance of postoperative wound infections after total laryngectomy

Head and Neck — Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

ConclusionOur results suggest that the development of a postoperative wound infection is a poor prognostic sign in patients with advanced hypopharyngeal cancers surgically treated. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011 (Source: Head and Neck)

Therapeutic targets in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Identification, evaluation, and clinical translation

Oral Oncology — Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Summary: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) encompasses a diverse group of malignancies originating in the oral cavity, oropharynx, larynx and hypopharynx. Although treatment modalities have improved, carefully designed biomarker-driven clinical trials will yield the best opportunities to enhance HNSCC therapy options in the future. Due to the heterogeneous nature of HNSCC, discovering a “silver bullet” for the treatment of HNSCC is unlikely. Consequently, impactful HNSCC clinical trials will require multiple assay platforms and expanded technical expertise. In this review, we will outline pathways critical to HNSCC oncogenesis and highlight signaling nodes within these pathways that represent biomarkers for prognosis and potential targeted therapies. All treatment modalitie...

Phase II study of induction chemotherapy with TPF followed by radioimmunotherapy with Cetuximab and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in combination with a carbon ion boost for locally advanced tumours of the oro-, hypopharynx and larynx--TPF-C-HIT.

Methods of Information in Medicine — Mon, 10 Oct 2011 22:20:02 +0100

DISCUSSION: The primary objective of TPF-C-HIT is to evaluate efficacy and toxicity of cetuximab in combination with combined IMRT/carbon ion therapy following TPF induction in locally advanced SCCHN. PMID: 21595970 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Methods of Information in Medicine)

Morphological changes of the vocal fold mucosa in hyperfunctional dysphonia diagnosed by psychoacoustic and videostroboscopic methods.

Advances in Medical Sciences — Sat, 08 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Oedema of the laryngeal mucosa confirmed by stroboscopic and ultramorphological examination may coexist with hyperfunctional dysphonia. The presence of the laryngeal oedema in patients with hyperfunctional dysphonia has the negative impact on voice quality in psychoacoustic assessment with the use of the GRBAS and YG scales. PMID: 21983452 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Advances in Medical Sciences)

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Total neopharyngeal stenosis following pharyngolaryngo-oesophagectomy with gastric interposition – Successful recanalisation using a transcervical radiologically guided technique

International Journal of Surgery — Thu, 06 Oct 2011 22:52:31 +0100

Aims: To present a novel therapeutic strategy for managing total neopharyngeal stenosis following surgical treatment of hypopharyngeal cancer. To discuss how this simple technique adds to currently employed methods of managing pharyngo-oesophageal stricturing following both non-surgical organ preservation and surgical treatment of head and neck cancers. (Source: International Journal of Surgery)

Promising Long-term Results with Attenuated Adverse Effects by Methotrexate-containing Sequential Chemoradiation Therapy in Locally Advanced Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology — Wed, 28 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Methotrexate–cisplatin–fluorouracil induction chemotherapy followed by weekly cisplatin–fluorouracil concurrent chemoradiation is an acute and late toxicity-acceptable protocol without attenuating organ preservation survival in patients with locoregionally advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. In this patient cohort with advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, overall and organ preservation survivals were encouraging, and provided promising long-term benefits of this approach. (Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology)

Definitive Radiochemotherapy of Advanced Head and Neck Cancer with Carboplatin and Paclitaxel

Strahlentherapie und Onkologie — Fri, 23 Sep 2011 15:46:15 +0100

Conclusion: Concomitant carboplatin and paclitaxel is feasible and effective in advanced carcinomas of the head and neck. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00066-011-1111-7Authors Robert Semrau, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Cologne, Cologne, GermanySusanne Temming, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Cologne, Cologne, GermanySimon Florian Preuss, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Cologne, Cologne, GermanyJens Peter Klußmann, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University of Giessen, Giessen, GermanyOrlando Guntinas-Lichius, Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Schiller University of Jena, Jena, German...

Prognostic Factors (Including HPV Status) for Irradiation of Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck (SCCHN)

Strahlentherapie und Onkologie — Mon, 19 Sep 2011 15:40:12 +0100

Conclusion: Improved treatment outcomes were significantly associated with positive HPV status, better performance status, lower tumor stage, and pretreatment hemoglobin levels ≥ 12 g/dl. These factors should be considered in future trials. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00066-011-1139-8Authors Dirk Rades, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Lubeck, Lubeck, GermanyNina D. Seibold, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Lubeck, Lubeck, GermanyMaximilian P. Gebhard, Institute of Pathology, University of Lubeck, Lubeck, GermanyFrank Noack, Institute of Pathology, University of Lubeck, Lubeck, GermanySteven E. Schild, Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Scottsdale, Scottsdale, AZ, USAChristop...

Role of larynx-preserving partial hypopharyngectomy with and without postoperative radiotherapy for squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx

Oral Oncology — Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the treatment outcomes of larynx-preserving partial hypopharyngectomies for hypopharyngeal carcinoma. Forty-three patients underwent partial hypopharyngectomy and reconstruction using faciocutaneous free flaps with and without postoperative radiotherapy between 1998 and 2009. Primary tumor sites were pyriform sinus in 35 and posterior pharyngeal wall in 8 patients. Thirty patients received postoperative radiotherapy. The 5-year overall and disease-specific survival rates were 63% and 67%, respectively. A significant positive correlation was found between pathologic N stage and primary site and disease-specific survival rates (N0/N1 stage; 93% vs. N2/N3 stage; 43%, p (Source: Oral Oncology)

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Population-Based Study of Competing Mortality in Head and Neck Cancer [Head and Neck Cancer]

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion Multiple factors affect risk of competing mortality among patients with HNC. Risk stratification would be useful to identify patients most likely to benefit from treatment intensification. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

Previous head and neck cancers portend poor prognoses in lung cancer patients.

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery — Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Of patients who survive LC or HNC, the latter are much more likely to develop a new pulmonary malignancy. Lung cancers that develop after HNC have a poor prognosis. This phenomenon is not explained by misclassified metastases, because histologically discordant cases behave just as poorly. Enhanced surveillance and chemoprevention strategies are needed to detect and prevent subsequent primary LC in survivors of HNC. PMID: 21871300 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery)

Previous Head and Neck Cancers Portend Poor Prognoses in Lung Cancer Patients [ORIGINAL ARTICLES: GENERAL THORACIC]

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery — Tue, 30 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Of patients who survive LC or HNC, the latter are much more likely to develop a new pulmonary malignancy. Lung cancers that develop after HNC have a poor prognosis. This phenomenon is not explained by misclassified metastases, because histologically discordant cases behave just as poorly. Enhanced surveillance and chemoprevention strategies are needed to detect and prevent subsequent primary LC in survivors of HNC. (Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery)

Association between severity of dysphagia and survival in patients with head and neck cancer

Head and Neck — Mon, 29 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsSwallowing problems should be considered when determining appropriate cancer‐directed treatment and posttreatment care. Because of dysphagia's high incidence rate and association with survival, a speech‐language pathologist should be involved to ensure routine diagnostic and therapeutic swallowing interventions. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011 (Source: Head and Neck)

Overexpression of osteopontin and integrin αv in laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas associated with differentiation and metastasis

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology — Fri, 19 Aug 2011 06:40:44 +0100

Conclusions The expression of OPN and ITGAV was significantly influenced to the differentiation and metastasis of the LHSCC. Overexpression of the OPN and ITGAV may have contributed to invasion and metastasis of the LHSCC, and therefore, OPN and ITGAV may have value as a target for chemotherapy in LHSCC treatment. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00432-011-1024-yAuthors Jian Guang Lu, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246, Xue Fu Road, Harbin City, 150081 People’s Republic of ChinaYong Li, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, No. 246, Xue Fu Road, Harbin City, 150081 People’...

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Distinct features of second primary malignancies in head and neck cancer patients in Japan.

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine — Tue, 16 Aug 2011 03:15:04 +0100

In conclusion, searching for SPMs in the upper gastrointestinal tract is a critical issue in head and neck cancer patients in Japan. PMID: 21817851 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine)

Clinical advantage of endoscopic submucosal dissection over endoscopic mucosal resection for early mesopharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers

Endoscopy — Tue, 09 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

EndoscopyDOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1271112Background and study aims: In previous series, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) has been used for the treatment of early-stage mesopharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers to preserve patients’ quality of life. Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) offers potential advantages in comparison to EMR. So the aim of this retrospective study was to assess the utility of ESD compared with EMR for early-stage cancers of the meso- and hypopharynx.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Endoscopy)

Usefulness of C‐arm CT during superselective infusion chemotherapy for advanced head and neck carcinoma

Australasian Radiology — Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: C‐arm CT during superselective intra‐arterial infusion chemotherapy was useful to determine the arterial supply of head and neck carcinoma. C‐arm CT may replace conventional CT during superselective arteriography in this procedure. (Source: Australasian Radiology)

Pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy in a patient with an aberrant right subclavian artery: Report of a case

Surgery Today — Tue, 19 Jul 2011 23:19:47 +0100

We report a case of carcinoma of the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus in a patient with an aberrant right subclavian artery. Barium esophagograhy, endoscopy, and computed tomography showed a resectable tumor in the hypopharynx and cervical esophagus, coexistent with an aberrant right subclavian artery. We performed pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy with bilateral neck dissection and gastric pull-up through cervical, right thoracic, and abdominal incisions. We also partially resected the aberrant right subclavian artery with reimplantation in the right common carotid artery. To our knowledge, this is the first report of pharyngolaryngoesophagectomy with transposition of an aberrant right subclavian artery. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1112-1116DOI 10.1007/s00595-010-4421-yAuthor...

Single free anterolateral thigh flap for simultaneous reconstruction of composite hypopharyngeal and external neck skin defect after head and neck cancer ablation

Microsurgery — Fri, 15 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, one‐staged reconstruction of complex pharyngoesophageal and external skin defects after extensive oncological resection is feasible using a single ALT fasciocutaneous free flap. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. Microsurgery, 2011. (Source: Microsurgery)

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Women have 'better cancer survival rate than men thanks to lower risk and earlier detection'

the Mail online | Health — Wed, 13 Jul 2011 13:24:34 +0100

The National Cancer Institute study of Americans found the highest male-to-female mortality rate ratios were for mouth, larynx and hypopharynx cancers. (Source: the Mail online | Health)

An examination of male and female odds ratios by BMI, cigarette smoking, and alcohol consumption for cancers of the oral cavity, pharynx, and larynx in pooled data from 15 case–control studies

Cancer Causes and Control — Sat, 09 Jul 2011 06:18:54 +0100

Conclusions The extent that OR modifications of smoking and drinking by sex for oropharyngeal and, possibly, hypopharyngeal cancers represent true associations, or derive from unmeasured confounders or unobserved sex-related disease subtypes (e.g., human papillomavirus–positive oropharyngeal cancer) remains to be clarified. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-15DOI 10.1007/s10552-011-9792-xAuthors Jay H. Lubin, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 6120 Executive Blvd, Rockville, MD 20852, USAJoshua Muscat, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, PA, USAMia M. Gaudet, Epidemiology Research Program, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA, USAAndrew F. Olshan, Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North ...

Chemoradiation for advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma: a retrospective study on efficacy, morbidity and quality of life

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology — Fri, 08 Jul 2011 06:34:52 +0100

Abstract Chemoradiation (CRT) is a valuable treatment option for advanced hypopharyngeal squamous cell cancer (HSCC). However, long-term toxicity and quality of life (QOL) is scarcely reported. Therefore, efficacy, acute and long-term toxic effects, and long-term QOL of CRT for advanced HSCC were evaluated,using retrospective study and post-treatment quality of life questionnaires. in a tertiary hospital setting. Analysis was performed of 73 patients that had been treated with CRT. Toxicity was rated using the CTCAE score list. QOL questionnaires EORTC QLQ-C30, QLQ-H&N35, and VHI were analyzed. The most common acute toxic effects were dysphagia and mucositis. Dysphagia and xerostomia remained problematic during long-term follow-up. After 3 years, the disease-specific ...

Palifermin Decreases Severe Oral Mucositis of Patients Undergoing Postoperative Radiochemotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial [Head and Neck Cancer]

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Wed, 06 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion Palifermin reduced the occurrence of severe oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing postoperative radiochemotherapy. Additional clinical exploration of palifermin with postoperative radiochemotherapy would be useful. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

Advanced hypopharyngeal cancer with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis

Auris, Nasus, Larynx — Wed, 06 Jul 2011 15:23:52 +0100

We present a case of advanced hypopharyngeal cancer occurring in a patient with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). A 58-year-old man diagnosed with ALS 2 years previously noticed a mass in his neck and dysphagia. We diagnosed him as having hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma with the left cervical lymph node metastases (T3N2bM0) and treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy. During and after the treatment, his neurological symptoms showed no worse signs. The patient has been cancer-free for 13 months after concurrent chemoradiotherapy. The influence of ALS on the patients’ quality of life (QOL) and/or prognosis had to be taken into consideration when determining an appropriate treatment for the hypopharyngeal cancer. To the best of our knowledge, this may be the first case with ALS ...

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Radiochemotherapy versus surgery plus radio(chemo)therapy for stage T3/T4 larynx and hypopharynx cancer – Results of a matched-pair analysis

European Journal of Cancer — Mon, 04 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100

This study compared definitive radiochemotherapy to surgery followed by radio(chemo)therapy. Forty-four patients treated with radiochemotherapy were matched to 88 patients receiving surgery plus radio(chemo)therapy. Groups were matched 1:2 for eight factors including age, gender, performance status, tumour site, histologic grade, T-/N-category and AJCC stage. Groups were compared for loco-regional control, metastases-free survival, overall survival and toxicity. Two-year loco-regional control rates were 75% after surgery plus radio(chemotherapy) and 66% after radiochemotherapy (p=0.39). Metastases-free survival rates were 76% and 77%, respectively (p=0.76). Overall survival rates were 67% and 63%, respectively (p=0.95). During follow up, 60% and 9% of the patients, respectively, received a...

Impact of image-guided radiotherapy to reduce laryngeal edema following treatment for non-laryngeal and non-hypopharyngeal head and neck cancers

Oral Oncology — Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Summary: We would like to determine the effectiveness of image-guided radiotherapy (IGRT) to reduce laryngeal edema following treatment for head and neck cancer and to assess patient perception of voice and speech after treatment. We conducted a retrospective review of 44 patients undergoing radiation for non-laryngeal and non-hypopharyngeal head and neck cancers. Endoscopic and/or mirror examinations of the larynx were performed following radiotherapy at each follow-up visit. Laryngeal edema was assessed based on the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group grading scale. Patients were also asked to rate about the voice and speech quality relative to their pre-radiotherapy status. The mean laryngeal dose was 16.3Gy (range: 11.7–45.5Gy). At a median follow-up of 14months (range: 2–31months), t...

RECQL1 and WRN Proteins Are Potential Therapeutic Targets in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Cancer Research — Wed, 29 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In this study, we report evidence supporting their candidacy as cancer therapeutic targets. In hypopharyngeal carcinomas, which have the worst prognosis among head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) that are rapidly rising in incidence, we found that RECQL1 and WRN proteins are highly expressed and that siRNA-mediated silencing of either gene suppressed carcinoma cell growth in vitro. Similarly, siRNA administration in a murine xenograft model of hypopharyngeal carcinoma markedly inhibited tumor growth. Moreover, combining either siRNA with cis-platinum (II) diammine dichloride significantly augmented the in vivo anticancer effects of this drug that is used commonly in HNSCC treatment. Notably, we observed no recurrence of some tumors following siRNA treatment in this model. Our fin...

Validation of Imaging With Pathology in Laryngeal Cancer: Accuracy of the Registration Methodology

International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics — Wed, 29 Jun 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Validation of GTV delineations with pathology is feasible with an average overall accuracy below 3.5 mm inside the laryngeal skeleton. The tumor delineation inaccuracies were larger than the registration error. Therefore, an accurate histological validation of anatomical and functional imaging techniques for GTV delineation is possible in laryngeal cancer patients. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)

Elevated content of osteopontin in plasma and tumor tissues of patients with laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma associated with metastasis and prognosis

Medical Oncology — Sat, 25 Jun 2011 15:51:45 +0100

In conclusion, elevated OPN level in plasma and tumor tissues was significantly associated with metastasis and survival of laryngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinomas. Elevated OPN level in plasma and tumor tissues may become a useful indicator of prognosis for laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s12032-011-0012-zAuthors Yong Li, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 People’s Republic of ChinaLiang Li, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, 150081 People’s Republic of ChinaJing Ting Wang, Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of ...

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Indocyanine green (ICG)-enhanced lymphography for evaluation of facial lymphoedema

Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery — Mon, 20 Jun 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In this study, with our knowledge of ICG lymphography in extremity lymphoedema accumulated over the years, we used ICG lymphography to evaluate lymph circulation of the face in patients with different clinical courses of facial edema secondary to hypopharyngeal carcinoma treatments, and compared it with that of healthy volunteers. (Source: Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery)

Neck ultrasonography for the evaluation of the etiology of adult unilateral vocal fold paralysis

Head and Neck — Sun, 19 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

ConclusionNeck ultrasonography is useful to detect subclinical neoplasia, causing unilateral vocal fold paralysis. Thyroid cancer is the most common neoplastic etiology of adult unilateral vocal fold paralysis. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011 (Source: Head and Neck)

Population attributable risk of tobacco and alcohol for upper aerodigestive tract cancer

Oral Oncology — Sun, 19 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Summary: Tobacco and alcohol are major risk factors for upper aerodigestive tract (UADT) cancer and significant variation is observed in UADT cancer rates across Europe. We have estimated the proportion of UADT cancer burden explained by tobacco and alcohol and how this varies with the incidence rates across Europe, cancer sub-site, gender and age. This should help estimate the minimum residual burden of other risk factors to UADT cancer, including human papillomavirus. We analysed 1981 UADT cancer cases and 1993 controls from the ARCAGE multicentre study. We estimated the population attributable risk (PAR) of tobacco alone, alcohol alone and their joint effect. Tobacco and alcohol together explained 73% of UADT cancer burden of which nearly 29% was explained by smoking alone, less than 1%...

Meta-analysis of chemotherapy in head and neck cancer (MACH-NC): A comprehensive analysis by tumour site

Radiotherapy and Oncology — Sun, 19 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Introduction: The recently updated meta-analysis of chemotherapy in head and neck cancer (MACH-NC) demonstrated the benefit of the addition of chemotherapy in terms of overall survival in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The magnitude of the benefit according to tumour site is unknown as well as their potential interactions with patient or trial characteristics.Methods: Eighty seven randomized trials performed between 1965 and 2000 were included in the present analysis. Patients were divided into four categories according to tumour location: oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx. Patients with other tumour location were excluded (999, 5.7%). For each tumour location and chemotherapy timing, the logrank-test, stratified by trial, was used to compare treatme...

Meta-analysis of chemotherapy in head and neck cancer (MACH-NC): A comprehensive analysis by tumour site.

Wed, 15 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: The benefit of the addition of chemotherapy to locoregional treatment is consistent in all tumour locations of HNSCC. The higher benefit of concomitant schedule was demonstrated only for oropharyngeal and laryngeal tumours but this may be only a consequence of a lack of power. PMID: 21684027 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology)

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Occupation and risk of upper aerodigestive tract cancer: The ARCAGE study

International Journal of Cancer — Sun, 12 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

This study provides evidence of an association between some occupational categories and UADT cancer risk among men. The most consistent findings, also supported by previous studies, were obtained for specific workers employed in the construction industry. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: International Journal of Cancer)

Hypopharyngeal cancer in a pregnant woman

American Journal of Otolaryngology — Thu, 09 Jun 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Cancer in pregnant women is a very difficult clinical condition that profoundly affects patients and their families, as well as the medical staff who provide their care. Diagnostic and therapeutic decisions must balance adequate treatment and fetal risk. In developed societies, cancer in pregnant women has become more common during the last 30 years because of an increase in the number of relatively older women who give birth. The most common malignancies in pregnant women are melanoma; lymphoma; leukemia; and breast, cervical, ovarian, gastrointestinal, and genitourinary cancers. Cancer of the head and neck in pregnant patients is very rare. In this article, we describe a rare case of advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharyngeal area in a young pregnant woman, and we d...

The value of 18F-FDG PET/CT for the detection of distant metastases in high-risk patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Oral Oncology — Wed, 08 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Summary: The aims of this study were to assess a cohort of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) for: (1) the prevalence of synchronous distant metastases (DM) as detected by the initial staging by using 18F-FDG PET/CT, (2) the prevalence of metachronous DM, and (3) the validity of published risk factors with special emphasis on the maximum standardized uptake value (SUV max) for the prediction of DM. Two hundred and ninety nine patients with advanced HNSCC were included. Following risk factors at the time of diagnosis and during follow-up were analyzed: advanced T/N stage, poor histological differentiation, level IV/Vb lymph nodes, primary site in the larynx/hypopharynx, and SUV max. The prevalence of DM at initial staging and during follow-up was 10% and 11%, respec...

Definitive Radiotherapy for T1–2 Hypopharyngeal Cancer: A Single-Institution Experience

International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics — Thu, 02 Jun 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Definitive RT accomplished a satisfactory local control rate and contributed to organ preservation. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)

[Basaloid squamous carcinoma with a spindle cell component and osseous metaplasia presenting as a polyp of the hypopharynx.]

Annales de Pathologie — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

We report a case of basaloid squamous carcinoma with a spindle cell component of the hypopharynx, in a 61-years-old-man. An excisional biopsy of a pedonculated and polypoid tumour was performed by endoscopy. The histologic examination revealed a biphasic tumour with both a basaloid carcinomatous and a spindle cell component. Focally, osseous metaplasia was seen. The spindle cell component demonstrated immunoreactivity with the p63 epithelial marker. The patient was treated with chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy. The patient has been free of disease for one year. It's the ninth case reported in the literature of a biphasic carcinoma with both a basaloid squamous and a spindle cell component and the first case with osseous metaplasia. PMID: 21737005 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher...

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Alcohol and tobacco, and the risk of cancers of the upper aerodigestive tract in Latin America: a case–control study

Cancer Causes and Control — Mon, 23 May 2011 17:05:00 +0100

Conclusions In this largest study on UADT cancer in Latin America, we have shown for the first time that a prevailing majority of UADT cancer cases is due to a combined effect of alcohol and tobacco use and could be prevented by quitting the use of either of these two agents. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s10552-011-9779-7Authors K. Szymańska, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon Cedex, FranceR. J. Hung, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 Cours Albert Thomas, 69008 Lyon Cedex, FranceV. Wünsch-Filho, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo, BrazilJ. Eluf-Neto, Universidade de São Paolo, São Paolo, BrazilM. P. Curado, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), 150 C...

My Turn: Touched by another human's touch

L.A. Times - Health — Sat, 21 May 2011 02:26:58 +0100

A doctor diagnosed with cancer discovers the power a hug can have on an ailing patient.I was deeply shaken to learn I had hypopharyngeal cancer. As a physician, I had access to my hospital's laboratory results, so I took a shortcut: Rather than wait for my surgeon to call me, I looked for my name in my hospital's pathology laboratory log book. (Source: L.A. Times - Health)

Phase II study of induction chemotherapy with TPF followed by radioimmunotherapy with Cetuximab and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) in combination with a carbon ion boost for locally advanced tumours of the oro-, hypopharynx and larynx - TPF-C-HIT

BMC Cancer — Wed, 18 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

DiscussionThe primary objective of TPF-C-HIT is to evaluate efficacy and toxicity of cetuximab in combination with combined IMRT/ carbon ion therapy following TPF induction in locally advanced SCCHN.Trial Registration:Clinical Trial Identifier: NCT01245985 (clinicaltrials.gov)EudraCT number: 2009 - 016489- 10 (Source: BMC Cancer)

18F-FDG PET/CT and 3.0-T whole-body MRI for the detection of distant metastases and second primary tumours in patients with untreated oropharyngeal/hypopharyngeal carcinoma: a comparative study

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging — Thu, 12 May 2011 17:23:21 +0100

Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT showed a consistent trend toward higher sensitivity and diagnostic capability than 3.0-Tesla WB-MRI for the detection of distant metastases and SPCs in patients with untreated OHSCC. Our data also suggest that SUVn assessed by PET/CT can provide additional information for the prediction of distant metastases Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-13DOI 10.1007/s00259-011-1824-yAuthors Sheng-Chieh Chan, Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taipei, TaiwanHung-Ming Wang, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taipei, TaiwanTzu-Chen Yen, Department of ...

Correlation of Osteoradionecrosis and Dental Events With Dosimetric Parameters in Intensity-Modulated Radiation Therapy for Head-and-Neck Cancer

International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics — Thu, 12 May 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: ORN is rare after head-and-neck IMRT, but is more common with oral cavity primaries. Our results suggest different mechanisms for radiation-induced caries versus extractions. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)

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Radiolocalization of sentinel lymph nodes in clinically N0 laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers.

The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology — Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Hu G, Zhong S, Xiao Q, Li Z, Hong S We sought to analyze the characteristics of radioactive lymph nodes with metastatic disease and to explore methods for the localization of sentinel lymph nodes (SLNs) with radionuclide in clinically N0 laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer. PMID: 21675592 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Annals of Otology, Rhinology, and Laryngology)

Voice and speech outcomes with radial forearm free flap-accompanied phonation tube after total pharyngolaryngectomy of hypopharyngeal cancer.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica — Mon, 25 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Radial forearm free flap (RFFF)-accompanied phonation tube (PT) for voice and speech restoration after pharyngolaryngectomy is promising, especially in phonation efficacy and intelligibility. It offers not only another safe surgical option but also a satisfactory result for such patients with advanced hypopharyngeal cancer. Objectives: We use RFFF with RFFF-accompanied PT for one-stage reconstruction both for tissue defect and voice reconstruction in patients undergoing total pharyngolaryngectomy. Methods: Eight male patients with advanced hypopharyngeal cancer underwent total pharyngolaryngectomy. Voice restoration was done with RFFF-accompanied PT. Phonation outcomes and speech outcomes of the patients were evaluated and scored. Results: The mean follow-up time was 13.7 mont...

Gene Therapy for Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Using KITENIN (KAI1 COOH-Terminal Interacting Tetraspanin)-Antisense Therapy.

Yonsei Medical Journal — Thu, 21 Apr 2011 22:01:32 +0100

Conclusion: Gene therapy using an anti-KITENIN strategy might be effective for head and neck squamous carcinoma. PMID: 21488189 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Yonsei Medical Journal)

Detection of human papillomavirus using hybrid capture 2 in oral brushings from patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

American Journal of Clinical Pathology — Wed, 20 Apr 2011 13:45:55 +0100

Authors: Jarboe EA, Willis M, Bentz B, Buchmann L, Hunt J, Ellis G, Layfield L Detection of high-risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) has important prognostic implications; patients exhibit improved survival compared with patients with HPV- SCC. Oral brushing and rinsing samples were obtained from patients with oropharyngeal, oral cavity, or hypopharyngeal SCC and tested for HR-HPV using Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2; QIAGEN, Valencia, CA). HR-HPV in situ hybridization (ISH) was performed on biopsy tissue samples from the same patients. Oral cytologic samples from 16 SCCs were tested by HC2. Biopsy tissue samples were available for ISH in 11 cases. Five oropharyngeal SCCs were HR-HPV+ by ISH and HC2 (oral brushing). Of the oropharyngeal SCCs, 2 we...

Clinical significance of genetic alterations and expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas

Oral Oncology — Sun, 17 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, we found that increased EGFR protein levels and gene copy numbers (not gene amplification alone) have prognostic significance in the investigated HNSCC patient population. However, the relatively high incidence of the EGFR-vIII mutant form warrants careful therapeutic decision-making when choosing between different anti-EGFR treatment options. (Source: Oral Oncology)

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Laser surgery for early to moderately advanced glottic, supraglottic, and hypopharyngeal cancers

Head and Neck — Fri, 15 Apr 2011 17:55:23 +0100

AbstractCurrent practice standards for the treatment of early to moderately advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer demand both achievement of cure and preservation of laryngeal structure and function to the greatest extent possible. The oncologic and functional results of transoral laser microsurgery (TLM) for early glottic cancer appear to be comparable to those of radiotherapy, with a higher rate of laryngeal preservation and a lower cost. TLM for early and moderately advanced supraglottic and hypopharyngeal cancers offers similar results with regard to survival and local control to those obtained with open surgical approaches. In addition, functional results of TLM are superior to those of open approaches because tracheotomies are usually avoided, rehabilitation of swallowing is f...

Differential Biomarker Expression in Head and Neck Cancer Correlates with Anatomical Localization.

Pathology Oncology Research — Tue, 12 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Tamás L, Szentkúti G, Erős M, Dános K, Brauswetter D, Szende B, Zsákovics I, Krenács T We tested the expression of known (p16(ink4), Ki67, p53, EGFR) and a new immunohistochemical (collagen XVII/BP180) biomarker in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of diverse anatomical localization. Tissue microarrays (TMA) of 124 SCC were created, immunostained, and analyzed following whole slide digitalization using the Pannoramic Scan and the TMA Module software (3DHISTECH Kft, Budapest, Hungary). Statistical analysis of scoring results was carried out using Pearson's chi-square test. We observed the significant elevation of p16(ink4) and Ki67 expression in supraglottic, tonsillar and tonsillo-lingual SCCs compared to those affecting the oral cavity, oropharynx without ton...

Reconstruction of circumferential pharyngeal defects after tumour resection: Reference or preference

Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery — Tue, 12 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In suitable patients, free jejunal flap reconstruction of circumferential pharyngectomy defects achieves the best functional outcome with minimal donor-site morbidity. (Source: Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery)

Pretreatment swallowing assessment in head and neck cancer patients

The Laryngoscope — Sun, 10 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions:This series demonstrates that swallowing dysfunction in high‐risk patients may be present in the pretreatment state and should be considered when determining candidacy for organ preservation modalities. These data highlight the importance of instrumental swallowing evaluations prior to intervention, particularly for those individuals with advanced stage and/or laryngeal/hypopharyngeal tumors. (Source: The Laryngoscope)

Can FDG PET predict radiation treatment outcome in head and neck cancer? Results of a prospective study

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging — Sat, 02 Apr 2011 05:55:45 +0100

Conclusion There is no role yet for pretreatment FDG PET as a predictor of (chemo)radiotherapy outcome in HNC in daily routine. However, this potential application needs further exploration, focusing both on FDG PET-based primary tumour volume, integrated SUV and SUVMAX of the primary tumour. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s00259-011-1789-xAuthors Dominic A. X. Schinagl, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, 6500 HB The NetherlandsPaul N. Span, Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, 6500 HB The NetherlandsWim J. Oyen, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The NetherlandsJohannes H. A. M. Kaanders, Depar...

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Survival of patients with HPV-positive oropharyngeal cancer after radiochemotherapy is significantly enhanced.

Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift — Tue, 29 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Patients with oropharyngeal carcinoma and a positive HPV status respond considerably better to radiochemotherapy than patients with HPV-negative tumors. HPV screening is a simple procedure and can easily be implemented in routine pathology investigations and should be included in standard operational procedures for the diagnosis and therapy of head and neck cancer patients. PMID: 21448626 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift)

Low human papillomavirus prevalence in head and neck cancer: results from two large case-control studies in high-incidence regions

International Journal of Epidemiology — Mon, 28 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions A very low prevalence of HPV DNA and serum antibodies was observed among cases in both CE and LA. The proportion of head and neck cancer caused by HPV may vary substantially between different geographical regions and studies that are designed to evaluate the impact of HPV vaccination on HNSCC need to consider this heterogeneity. (Source: International Journal of Epidemiology)

Examination of laryngoesophageal dysfunction‐free survival as an endpoint in nonsurgical treatment of squamous cell carcinomas of the larynx and hypopharynx

Cancer — Wed, 23 Mar 2011 15:18:37 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:LEDFS was superior in patients who received CRT compared with patients who received RT alone. T4 status was not associated with a worse LEDFS. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)

Gastrostomy Tube (GT) Outcomes in Primary Chemoradiation for Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Head and Neck (HNSCC)

Clinical Oncology — Tue, 15 Mar 2011 18:27:11 +0100

Aim: To identify factors associated with long-term (>6 months) GT use following chemoradiation for locally advanced SCC of head and neck (HNSCC). Methods: All patients undergoing concomitant primary chemoradiation at NUH between 2004 and 2008 for locally advanced SCC of oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx were included. Protocol requires insertion of a GT prior to chemoradiation with planned removal within 6 months of treatment. (Source: Clinical Oncology)

Treatment of recurrent head and neck carcinoma involving the carotid artery: carotid reconstruction with ePTFE graft

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology — Mon, 14 Mar 2011 06:43:33 +0100

Abstract The aim of our study is to investigate the feasibility of reconstructing the carotid artery using expanded polytetraflouroethylene (ePTFE) in patients with recurrent head and neck carcinoma involving the carotid artery. Ten patients, who had recurrent head and neck carcinoma involving the carotid artery, received carotid artery resection and reconstruction with ePTFE, tissue defects were repaired by pectoralis major myocutaneous flap. Results show that eight patients did not present any vascular and neurologic complications. One patient presented slight hemiparesis, another patient developed wound infection and pharyngocutaneous fistula. The mean follow-up period was 33.1 ± 16.0 months. The 2-year survival rate was 50% (5/10), and there was one pati...

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Necessity of level IV dissection in cN0 hypopharyngeal carcinoma.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica — Mon, 14 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: We suggest that contralateral level IV dissection is not necessary in patients with cN0 hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (HPSCC). Objectives: Elective treatment of neck nodes is very important in the management of cN0 HPSCC. A selective neck dissection neck level II to IV (SND II-IV) is widely accepted as an elective neck treatment of cN0 HPSCC. However, there has been a lot of effort to reduce the extent of surgery. Therefore, we investigated the incidence of level IV metastasis and regional recurrence in cN0 HPSCC. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 40 patients who underwent SND II-IV as an elective treatment for cN0 HPSCC from 1992 to 2010. Results: In all, 30 bilateral and 10 unilateral SND II-IVs were performed in 40 patients. Of the 70 SND II-IV specim...

Descriptive epidemiology of upper aerodigestive tract cancers in France: Incidence over 1980–2005 and projection to 2010

Oral Oncology — Mon, 14 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

The objectives were to describe the changes in UADT cancer incidence in France over the 1980–2005 period, present projections for 2010, and describe the anatomical and histological characteristics of these tumours. The trend of cancer-incidence over 1980–2005 and projection up to 2010 were obtained using age-period-cohort models (data from eleven cancer registries) and incidence/mortality ratios in the area covered by these registries. The description of UADT cancers by anatomical and histological characteristics concerned data collected between 1980 and 2004 in eleven cancer registries. In men, cancer incidence decreased in all cancer sites and the world-standardized incidence rates decreased by 42.9% for lip-oral cavity-pharynx (LOCP) cancers and 50.4% for larynx cancer. In women, th...

Airway management before chemoradiation for advanced head and neck cancer

Head and Neck — Mon, 07 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsDebulking is a safe and effective alternative to tracheotomy in select patients with tumor‐related airway obstruction before CRT. Patients who undergo debulking should be monitored closely for recurrence of airway compromise during and after CRT. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2011 (Source: Head and Neck)

Delayed pharyngoesophageal reconstruction with combined local and regional flaps: A case report.

Ear, Nose and Throat Journal — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

We describe an unusual technique for performing delayed pharyngoesophageal reconstruction following circumferential pharyngolaryngectomy. The patient was a 52-year-old man who underwent a circumferential pharyngolaryngectomy for the treatment of hypopharyngeal carcinoma. In view of the patient's poor clinical status, we opted to perform a pharyngostomy and an esophagostomy and to postpone pharyngoesophageal reconstruction for a more appropriate occasion. After the patient's clinical condition had sufficiently improved, the repair was planned. Microsurgical flaps were contraindicated because the blood flow through the cervical vessels was unreliable. Pharyngoesophageal continuity was restored with a cervical flap vascularized by the prevertebral fascia, a pectoralis major myocutaneous flap,...

Synchronous malignancies in patients with squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging — Sat, 26 Feb 2011 15:18:55 +0100

Conclusion The site of second cancer is the most significant prognostic factor in OCSCC patients with synchronous malignancies receiving curative-intent treatment. 18F-FDG studies detect synchronous malignancies with poor prognosis in OCSCC patients except for hepatic cancers. In OCSCC patients with synchronous malignancies with poor prognosis, prospective studies comparing different treatment options should be further conducted. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s00259-011-1733-0Authors Feng-Yuan Liu, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Chiayi, TaiwanChun-Ta Liao, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University College o...

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Superficial temporal artery flap: a new option for posterior hypopharyngeal wall reconstruction

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology — Fri, 25 Feb 2011 17:18:10 +0100

Abstract Reconstruction of hypopharynx after tumor resection remains a challenging problem for the head and neck surgeons. A new surgical technique was introduced to reconstruct the hypopharynx after tumor resection using the superficial temporal artery flap. Three patients with T3 carcinoma of the posterior hypopharyngeal wall who underwent surgical resection of the tumor with laryngeal preservation were reported using this method. The larynx functions were preserved successfully in all the patients. In all patients, the nasogastric tubes were removed within 20–50 days (mean 33 days). The tracheal tubes were plugged on days between 14 and 44 (mean 26th day) postoperatively. Then all patients received the postoperative radiotherapy. The tracheal tubes were remo...

The Potential Benefit of Radiotherapy with Protons in Head and Neck Cancer with Respect to Normal Tissue Sparing: A Systematic Review of Literature.

The Oncologist — Thu, 24 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion. The results of ISPC studies indicate that protons have the potential for a significantly lower normal tissue dose, while keeping similar or better target coverage. Scanned IMPT probably offers the most advantage and will allow for a substantially lower probability of radiation-induced side effects. The results of these ISPC studies should be confirmed in properly designed clinical trials. PMID: 21349950 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The Oncologist)

Multivariate Analysis of Wound Complications after Surgery for Laryngeal and Hypopharyngeal Cancers

Karger Publishers — Wed, 23 Feb 2011 15:17:51 +0100

ORL 2011;73:100–104 (DOI:10.1159/000323832) (Source: Karger Publishers)

Objective Assessment of Swallowing Function After Definitive Concurrent (Chemo)radiotherapy in Patients with Head and Neck Cancer

Dysphagia — Tue, 22 Feb 2011 17:05:42 +0100

Abstract The aim of this study was to objectively assess swallowing function and factors impacting it after curative intent definitive (chemo)radiotherapy (CRT) for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Swallowing function was studied in a cohort of 47 patients with locoregionally advanced (T1–4, N0–3) HNSCC treated with definitive CRT. Objective assessment of swallowing function was done using modified barium swallow (MBS) at baseline (pre-CRT) and subsequent follow-ups. Scoring of MBS was done using penetration–aspiration scale (PAS). Abnormal swallowing was defined in terms of incidence and severity of penetration–aspiration, pharyngeal residue, postural change, and regurgitation. Aspiration, residual, postural change, and regurgitation were present on ...

Expression of B7-H3 in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma as a predictive indicator for tumor metastasis and prognosis.

International Journal of Oncology — Tue, 22 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Katayama A, Takahara M, Kishibe K, Nagato T, Kunibe I, Katada A, Hayashi T, Harabuchi Y B7-H3 is a member of the B7 family thought to be a co-regulatory factor of antigen-specific T-cell immune response via co-stimulatory and co-inhibitory receptors. We evaluated its potential expression in head and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cell lines, and in clinical tissue samples obtained from 37 patients with human hypopharyngeal SCC. All head and neck SCC cell lines tested expressed both the B7-H3 gene and cell surface protein. The staining intensity of immunoreactivity by tumor cells was blindly evaluated by two head and neck surgeons and the results were categorized into 4 grades according to staining intensity. Eighty-seven percent of patients expressed B7-H3. B7-H3 expression was...

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Free Jejunal Patch Graft for Reconstruction After Partial Hypopharyngectomy With Laryngeal Preservation [Original Article]

Archives of Otolaryngology — Mon, 21 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Free jejunal patch graft transfer after partial hypopharyngectomy allows satisfactory swallowing function, with a low complication rate. Postoperative dysphagia was slightly more common in the PS-PW group than in the PW group. (Source: Archives of Otolaryngology)

Prevalence and clinical features of human papillomavirus in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in Okinawa, southern Japan

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology — Thu, 17 Feb 2011 08:13:06 +0100

Abstract Previous studies from Okinawa, a subtropical island in southern Japan, demonstrated a higher prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in oral carcinoma and a higher incidence of oral and pharyngeal carcinoma than those for mainland Japan. The present study aims to investigate epidemiologic and clinical features of HPV in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) in Okinawa. A total of 150 DNA samples from 150 Okinawan patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) were screened for HPV sequences by PCR using three consensus primer sets, and HPV types were determined by direct sequencing. The samples were consisted of 46 cases from the hypopharynx, 44 from the oropharynx, 16 from the larynx, 25 from the oral cavity, 10 from the maxillary sinus, and...

Second Primary Cancers After an Index Head and Neck Cancer: Subsite-Specific Trends in the Era of Human Papillomavirus-Associated Oropharyngeal Cancer [Head and Neck Cancer]

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Thu, 17 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion In patients with HNSCC, the risk and distribution of SPM differ significantly according to subsite of the index cancer. Before the 1990s, hypopharynx and oropharynx cancers carried the highest excess risk of SPM. Since then, during the HPV era, SPM risk associated with oropharyngeal SCC has declined to the lowest risk level of any subsite. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

PET/CT and 3-T whole-body MRI in the detection of malignancy in treated oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal carcinoma

European Journal of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging — Wed, 16 Feb 2011 07:10:22 +0100

Conclusion PET/CT showed a trend towards higher diagnostic capability than 3-T WB-MRI in detecting residual/recurrent tumours or second primary tumours in OHSCC. The combined use of PET/CT and WB-MRI provided more added value to WB-MRI alone than to PET/CT alone. Additional PET/CT can be useful in patients with questionable MRI findings of malignancy. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-13DOI 10.1007/s00259-011-1740-1Authors Shu-Hang Ng, Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, TaiwanSheng-Chieh Chan, Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, TaiwanTzu-Chen Yen, Molecular Imaging Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, TaiwanChun-Ta Liao, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan...

Reconstruction of hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal defect after resection of hypopharyngeal carcinoma: a new technique based on the use of bilateral platysma myocutaneous flaps

Diseases of the Esophagus — Thu, 10 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

This report summarizes the technical description of this procedure. TL and cervical esophagectomy were performed and bilateral PMCFs were harvested for reconstruction of hypopharyngeal and cervical esophageal defects in 25 patients aged between 46 and 73 years (mean 58.7 ± 16.2 years). All these patients had advanced‐stage (IV) cancer with involvement of the cervical esophagus. Operative time ranged from 176 to 382 minutes (average 243 ± 91 minutes) and the mean intraoperative blood loss was 294 ± 119 mL. There were six cases of anastomotic leak (24.0%) and two of them (8.0%) developed anastomotic stricture. Neither flap necrosis nor postoperative death was observed. The majority of our patients (68.0%) were restored to a normal unrestricted oral diet after surgery. The 3‐year and...

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Adenosquamous Carcinoma of the Head and Neck: Relationship to Human Papillomavirus and Review of the Literature

Head and Neck Pathology — Tue, 08 Feb 2011 21:31:05 +0100

Abstract Adenosquamous carcinoma (ADSC) of the head and neck is an aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Certain variants of head and neck SCC are human papillomavirus (HPV)-related and have better prognosis. The relationship of HPV to head and neck ADSC has not been investigated. We searched our files for the term “adenosquamous” and head and neck subsites and found cases from 1998 to 2009. The requisite histologic criteria were the presence of SCC combined with distinct gland formation and/or intracellular mucin. DNA in situ hybridization for high-risk HPV, RNA in situ hybridization for high risk HPV E6 and E7 transcripts, and immunohistochemistry for p16 and p53 were performed. The existing literature on ADSC was also reviewed. Of the 18 cases, eight ...

Two-year results from a Swedish study on conventional versus accelerated radiotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma – The ARTSCAN study

Radiotherapy and Oncology — Tue, 08 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Overall the AF regimen did not prove to be more efficacious than CF. However, the trend towards improved results in AF for oral cancers needs to be further investigated. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)

Feasibility of ICG Fluorescence-Guided Sentinel Node Biopsy in animal Models using the HyperEye Medical System

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Sat, 05 Feb 2011 06:42:56 +0100

Conclusions HEMS could become useful for predicting lymph node metastasis during surgery for head and neck cancer. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1245/s10434-010-1499-9Authors Kohichi Yamauchi, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, JapanHiroshi Nagafuji, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, JapanTakehiro Nakamura, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Mitaka, Tokyo, JapanTakayuki Sato, Department of Cardiovascular Control, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Kochi, JapanNaoyuki Kohno, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kyorin University School of Medicine, M...

Diagnosis of the extent of advanced oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers by narrow band imaging with magnifying endoscopy

The Laryngoscope — Fri, 04 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions:NBI‐ME should be included in the pretreatment diagnostic work‐up to evaluate lesion extent and decide optimal surgical margins and radiation fields in patients with advanced oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer. Laryngoscope, 2011 (Source: The Laryngoscope)

Suicide gene therapy in head and neck carcinoma cells: An in vitro study.

International Journal of Molecular Medicine — Thu, 03 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Schmidt M, Gruensfelder P, Roller J, Hagen R The aim of gene therapy includes the tight spatial and temporal control of transgenic expression. There are several approaches concerning the externally inducible gene promoters used for the control of suicide genes. We have tested the mifepristone-dependent system GeneSwitch to regulate the expression of a deletion mutant of Pseudomonas exotoxin A in the hypopharyngeal carcinoma cell line, FADU. The GeneSwitch system consists of two plasmids, the regulatory plasmid, pSwitch, and the pGene/V5-His plasmid, in which we cloned the toxin mutant (pGene/V5-His-ETA). We stably transfected FADU cells with pSwitch and subsequently transiently separated pSwitch clones with pGene/V5-His-ETA. We tested the inductive capacities of single pSwitc...

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Two-year results from a Swedish study on conventional versus accelerated radiotherapy in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma - The ARTSCAN study.

Thu, 03 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Overall the AF regimen did not prove to be more efficacious than CF. However, the trend towards improved results in AF for oral cancers needs to be further investigated. PMID: 21295880 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology)

Primary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the hypopharynx: a case report

Diseases of the Esophagus — Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

SUMMARYPrimary neuroendocrine carcinoma of the hypopharynx is extremely rare. A 59‐year‐old man complaining of swollen right cervical lymph node was admitted to our hospital. Although computed tomography, upper endoscopy, and positron emission tomography scan were performed, the primary lesion was unknown. Bilateral neck lymph node dissection was performed and diagnosed as metastasis of neuroendocrine carcinoma. Sixteen months after the first operation, computed tomography scan revealed multiple liver metastases. There was no another metastatic lesion, and hepatectomy with negative margin was performed. Three months after the second operation, a small tumor of the hypopharynx was detected by upper endoscopy, and biopsy revealed neuroendocrine carcinoma. Concurrent chemotherapy (cisplat...

Sonographic Assessment of Hypopharyngeal Carcinoma: Preliminary Study

Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine — Tue, 25 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions—Sonography has a similar role in visualization of hypopharyngeal carcinoma as CT and is satisfactory in localization of the primary focus and assessment of tumor extension inside and outside the hypopharynx. (Source: Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine)

Unusual computed tomography findings of radionecrosis after chemoradiation of stage IV hypopharyngeal cancer: a case report

BioMed Central — Thu, 20 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Our findings emphasize the wide spectrum of radiographic presentation of radionecrosis after chemoradiation of stage IV hypopharyngeal cancer. (Source: BioMed Central)

Hypopharyngeal Pharyngoplasty in the Treatment of Severe Aspiration Following Skull Base Tumor Removal: Experience in Pediatric Patients [Original Article]

Archives of Otolaryngology — Mon, 17 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Pharyngolaryngeal paralysis represents a severe consequence of skull base and brainstem surgery. This condition leads to high morbidity, particularly in the pediatric population. The hypopharyngeal pharyngoplasty, with a possible thyroplasty, may be considered to treat patients with severe pharyngolaryngeal paralysis after skull base or brainstem surgery. (Source: Archives of Otolaryngology)

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A Classification System for the Reconstruction of Vertical Hemipharyngolaryngectomy for Hypopharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma [Original Article]

Archives of Otolaryngology — Mon, 17 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion Microvascular reconstruction of VHPL offers a wider resection with promising functional results for hypopharyngeal carcinoma. (Source: Archives of Otolaryngology)

Feasibility, Toxicity, and Efficacy of Short Induction Chemotherapy of Docetaxel Plus Cisplatin or Carboplatin (TP) Followed by Concurrent Chemoradio therapy for Organ Preservation in Advanced Cancer of the Hypopharynx, Larynx, and Base of Tongue

Strahlentherapie und Onkologie — Fri, 14 Jan 2011 16:41:48 +0100

Conclusion: Short induction with a TP regimen and subsequent CRT with a taxan is feasible and associated with an encouraging local control rate. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00066-010-2178-2Authors Sabine Semrau, Klinik für Strahlentherapie der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, GermanyFrank Waldfahrer, Hals-Nasen-Ohrenklinik, Kopf- und Halschirurgie der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, GermanyMichael Lell, Radiologisches Institut der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, GermanyRainer Linke, Nuklearmedizinische Klinik der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, GermanyGunther Klautke, Klinik für Strahlentherapie der Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, GermanyTorsten Kuwert, Nuklearmedizinische Klinik der Univ...

Dose-Escalated Intensity-Modulated Radiotherapy Is Feasible and May Improve Locoregional Control and Laryngeal Preservation in Laryngo-Hypopharyngeal Cancers

International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics — Fri, 14 Jan 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: At a mean follow-up of 36 months, dose-escalated chemotherapy–IMRT at DL2 has so far been safe to deliver. In this study, DL2 delivered high rates of locoregional control, progression-free survival, and organ preservation and has been selected as the experimental arm in a Cancer Research UK Phase III study. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)

When to manage level V in head and neck carcinoma?

The Laryngoscope — Thu, 13 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions:Because level V was not involved in any patient when the other levels were not involved, it might be reasonable to preserve level V especially in clinically and intraoperatively N0 patients. (Source: The Laryngoscope)

Loss of MTBP expression is associated with reduced survival in a biomarker‐defined subset of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Cancer — Mon, 10 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:These results represent the first examination of MTBP expression in human tissues and provide evidence for a p53 status‐dependent role for MTBP in suppressing disease progression in SCCHN patients as well as confirming a role for p53 pathway function in delaying disease progression. Cancer 2011. © 2011 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)

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Organogallium(III) complexes as apoptosis promoting anticancer agents for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cell lines.

Journal of Inorganic Biochemistry — Sun, 09 Jan 2011 04:48:52 +0100

Authors: Kaluđerović MR, Kaluđerović GN, Gómez-Ruiz S, Paschke R, Hemprich A, Kühling J, Remmerbach TW Organogallium(III) dinuclear (1-9) and tetranuclear (10) complexes present potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of various types of cancer. The antiproliferative activity of 1-10 was evaluated with cell lines of head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, e.g. HN (soft palate), Cal27, Cal33 (tongue) and FaDu (hypopharynx) cell lines. The activity of compound 8 is comparable with that of cisplatin on cell line Cal27 (IC(50) 4.6μM for both compounds). The mode of cell death induced, caspase activity and cell cycle analysis were evaluated for potential hit compounds 3, 5 and 8 Potential hit compounds 3, 5 and 8 were further evaluated for the mode of cell death, caspase activ...

Dysphagia in head and neck cancer patients following intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT)

Radiation Oncology — Wed, 05 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Our results show that sparing the swallowing structures by IMRT seems effective and relatively safe in terms of avoidance of persistent grade 3/4 late dysphagia and local disease control. (Source: Radiation Oncology)

Image-enhanced endoscopy

Techniques in Gastrointestinal Endoscopy — Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

White light endoscopy is a basic tool available to gastroenterologists since the early 1960s, when flexible endoscopy was first introduced. Since then, gastroenterologists have been able to diagnose and treat gastrointestinal diseases at earlier stages. However, recent studies have also highlighted the limitations and imperfect nature of white light endoscopy. Image-enhanced endoscopy (IEE) has been available for the past 10 years and has been validated by research and clinical trials. A specific combination of dye-based (Lugol's solution, indigo carmine) and equipment-based IEE (narrow band imaging, Fujinon Intelligence Color Enhancement, Pentax i-Scan) is indicated for use in the oropharynx, hypopharynx, esophagus, stomach, and colon. The main use is for detecting, diagnosing, and treati...

The checkpointkinase 2 (CHK2) 1100delC germ line mutation is not associated with the development of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN)

Journal of Negative Results in BioMedicine — Sat, 25 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The germ line CHK2 1100delC variant does not seem to have a major impact on the development of SCCHN. (Source: Journal of Negative Results in BioMedicine)

Factors Associated With Long-term Speech and Swallowing Outcomes After Chemoradiotherapy for Locoregionally Advanced Head and Neck Cancer [Original Article]

Archives of Otolaryngology — Mon, 20 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Among patients successfully treated for locoregionally advanced cancers of the head and neck, several factors correlate with speaking and swallowing outcomes. Because advances in therapy have led to improved survival in these patients, understanding and controlling adverse effects of treatment should continue to be an active area of investigation. (Source: Archives of Otolaryngology)

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Prince Of Wales Hospital In Hong Kong First In Asia To Offer Cancer Patients Image-Guided RapidArc® Radiotherapy

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 15 Dec 2010 14:00:00 +0100

Prince of Wales Hospital in Hong Kong, China, has become the first treatment center in Asia to commence treating cancer patients using the UNIQUE™ medical linear accelerator from Varian Medical Systems (NYSE: VAR). Clinicians used the new device for the first time last week, to deliver an image-guided RapidArc® treatment for a patient battling hypopharyngeal cancer, a tumor in the lower part of the throat near the larynx... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

CD44 expression is related to poor prognosis of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica — Fri, 10 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: CD44 expression in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) is closely associated with poor prognosis for patients. CD44 may serve as a prognostic marker for hypopharyngeal SCCs. Objectives: CD44, an adhesion molecule binding to extracellular matrix, is believed to participate in the progression of malignancies. To clarify the role of CD44 in the progression of hypopharyngeal SCCs, we examined CD44 expression in relation to clinical parameters in hypopharyngeal SCCs. Methods: Biopsy specimens of hypopharyngeal SCCs were collected from 40 untreated patients, and their CD44 expression was examined immunohistochemically. Hypopharyngeal SCCs were classified into two groups: CD44-low SCCs comprising < 50% CD44-positive tumor cells and CD44-high SCCs comprising ≥ 50% CD44...

Perioperative clinical factors affecting volume changes of reconstructed flaps in head and neck cancer patients: free versus regional flaps

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology — Mon, 06 Dec 2010 14:44:03 +0100

Abstract Postoperative volume changes in reconstructed flaps are known to influence the functional restoration of resected areas of the upper aerodigestive tract. The purposes of this study were to estimate the volume decreases in flaps and investigate clinical factors affecting the volume decrease. The medical records of 19 patients who underwent ablation and flap reconstruction surgeries for head and neck cancers were reviewed. The volume of the reconstructed flap was measured at 3, 12, and 24 months postoperatively using CT or MR imaging and the 3D-DOCTOR software. The relationships between volume changes and perioperative clinical parameters were examined. The primary tumor locations were the nasal cavity and paranasal sinus, oropharynx, oral cavity, and hypopharyn...

Utility of CT surveillance for primary site recurrence of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck

Head and Neck — Mon, 06 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

ConclusionDue to the low sensitivity and positive predictive value of CT scans compared to physical examination in evaluating primary site tumor recurrences, the utility of CT for surveillance may be limited. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010 (Source: Head and Neck)

Use of Supercharged Jejunal Flap for Esophageal Reconstruction

Operative Techniques in Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery: A Comparative Atlas — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 05:51:43 +0100

Tubularized stomach is the preferred choice for esophageal reconstruction following esophagectomy. However, the thoracic surgeon is occasionally faced with situations where the stomach is either unsuitable or unavailable for use. In patients who have had previous gastric resection, the stomach will be of insufficient length to reach into the neck; indeed, the stomach may not be present at all. A prior omentectomy or omental flap results in the right gastroepiploic artery being unavailable on which to base a stomach conduit on. Gastroesophageal junction cancers may extend into the proximal stomach, and similarly, gastric cancers may extend into the distal esophagus, often necessitating total gastrectomy and esophagectomy. In patients who have undergone gastric irradiation, microvascular inj...

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Use of a linear array for the detection of human papillomavirus genotypes in head and neck cancer.

Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions-The Roche Linear Array HPV Genotyping test is an easy-to-use method for determining HPV genotype in the routine analysis of formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tumors. This assay is robust and can be performed routinely in a clinical laboratory setting. PMID: 21128780 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine)

A useful procedure for observing the cervical esophagus via the hypopharynx

Auris, Nasus, Larynx — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The results suggest that the movable over tube method is an easy, useful, and safe method to observe the region from the hypopharynx to the cervical esophagus. (Source: Auris, Nasus, Larynx)

Paratracheal lymph node dissection during laryngectomy after previous (chemo)radiotherapy: a retrospective analysis of complications and histopathological results

Clinical Otolaryngology — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion Because of the low incidence of lymph node metastases and the increased risk of fistulae there is a need of a strict selection of patients who need a bilateral paratracheal lymph node dissection at laryngectomy after previous (chemo)radiotherapy. (Source: Clinical Otolaryngology)

[Cutaneous metastasis in hypopharyngeal carcinoma.]

Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola — Tue, 30 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Pérez-Hernández I, Sarroca-Capell E, Palomar-Asenjo V PMID: 21126727 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Acta Otorrinolaringologica Espanola)

Treatment of locally advanced carcinomas of head and neck with intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) in combination with cetuximab and chemotherapy: the REACH protocol

BMC Cancer — Fri, 26 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

DiscussionPrimary endpoint of the trial is local-regional control (LRC). Disease-free survival, progression-free survival, overall survival, toxicity, proteomic and genomic analyses are secondary endpoints. The aim is to explore the efficacy as well as the safety and feasibility of this combined radioimmunchemotherapy in order to improve the outcome of patients with advanced head and neck cancer.Trial registration: ISRCTN87356938 (Source: BMC Cancer)

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Work on Hypopharynx Cancer Garners ASTRO Award for Dr. Robert Den

Medscape Today Headlines — Tue, 16 Nov 2010 19:05:23 +0100

Discussion Award from the American Society for Radiation Oncology (ASTRO). Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Larynx preservation clinical trial design: summary of key recommendations of a consensus panel.

The Oncologist — Tue, 16 Nov 2010 17:50:04 +0100

Authors: Ang KK An international consensus panel was convened to develop guidelines for the conduct of phase III clinical trials of larynx preservation in patients with locally advanced laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancer. According to their recommendations, future trial populations should include patients with T2 or T3 laryngeal or hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma not considered for partial laryngectomy and should exclude those with laryngeal dysfunction or aged >70 years. Baseline and post-treatment functional assessments should include speech and swallowing evaluations. Furthermore, voice should be routinely assessed with a simple, validated instrument. Regarding endpoints, the primary endpoint should capture survival and function. As a result, the panel created a new endpo...

TPF sequential therapy: when and for whom?

The Oncologist — Tue, 16 Nov 2010 17:50:04 +0100

Authors: Budach V Concurrent chemoradiation is a standard approach for the treatment of locally advanced squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. However, sequentially administered chemotherapy and radiotherapy/chemoradiation may be an effective alternative for some patients. Although chemoradiation is a highly effective treatment approach, it is associated with high incidences of severe acute toxicities, including mucositis. In addition, late toxicities can cause long-term morbidity in a substantial proportion of patients. In a retrospective analysis of three Radiation Therapy Oncology Group trials, pharyngeal dysfunction was seen in 27% of patients and feeding tube dependence and laryngeal dysfunction were each seen in approximately 12% of patients. Sequential administration of ...

Patterns of relapse following definitive treatment of head and neck squamous cell cancer by intensity modulated radiotherapy and weekly cisplatin

Radiotherapy and Oncology — Mon, 15 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Eighty-three patients with oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal or laryngeal cancer were treated with concomitant cisplatin 40mg/m2 once a week during the radiotherapy and IMRT up to a total dose of 70Gy. The 2-year rate of local control, overall survival and disease specific survival were 84%, 82% and 89%, respectively. The corresponding 5-year Kaplan–Meier estimates were 79%, 69% and 76%. (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology)

Patterns of relapse following definitive treatment of head and neck squamous cell cancer by intensity modulated radiotherapy and weekly cisplatin.

Thu, 11 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Loimu V, Collan J, Vaalavirta L, Bäck L, Kapanen M, Mäkitie A, Tenhunen M, Saarilahti K Eighty-three patients with oropharyngeal, hypopharyngeal or laryngeal cancer were treated with concomitant cisplatin 40mg/m(2) once a week during the radiotherapy and IMRT up to a total dose of 70Gy. The 2-year rate of local control, overall survival and disease specific survival were 84%, 82% and 89%, respectively. The corresponding 5-year Kaplan-Meier estimates were 79%, 69% and 76%. PMID: 21074875 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Radiotherapy and Oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology)

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Head and neck cancer‐specific survival based on socioeconomic status in Asians and Pacific islanders

Cancer — Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:Neighborhood SES was associated with longer DSS and OS in API with HNC. The effect of SES on HNC survival should be considered in future studies, and particular attention should be paid to clinical care of lower‐SES HNC patients. Cancer 2010. © 2010 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)

Current trends in initial management of hypopharyngeal cancer: The declining use of open surgery

Head and Neck — Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractSquamous cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx represents a distinct clinical entity. Most patients present with significant comorbidities and advanced‐stage disease. The overall survival is relatively poor because of high rates of regional and distant metastasis at presentation or early in the course of the disease. A multidisciplinary approach is crucial in the overall management of these patients to achieve the best results and maintain or improve functional results. Traditionally, operable hypopharyngeal cancer has been treated by total (occasionally partial) laryngectomy and partial or circumferential pharyngectomy, followed by reconstruction and postoperative radiotherapy in most cases.Efforts to preserve speech and swallowing function in the surgical treatment of hypopharyngea...

Nonsurgical management of oropharyngeal, laryngeal, and hypopharyngeal cancer: The Fox Chase Cancer Center experience

Head and Neck — Wed, 10 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions.The survival of patients with oropharyngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers treated at our institution has improved over the last 15 years, which is likely related to changes in treatment and tumor biology. The improvement was not observed in patients with laryngeal cancer. A subset of patients with oropharyngeal cancer remain subject to local failure and disease‐related death. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2010 (Source: Head and Neck)

[Partial laryngectomy in supraglottic pharyngeal tumors.]

Cirugia y Cirujanos — Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: We describe two surgical techniques designed to obtain adequate cancer control, preserving the natural functions of swallowing, speech and ventilation in patients with tumors arising in the supraglottic region and the region between the larynx and hypopharynx. PMID: 21214994 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cirugia y Cirujanos)

External monitoring of buried radial forearm free flaps in hypopharyngeal reconstruction.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica — Fri, 29 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The radial forearm free flap (RFFF) is one of the optimal choices for hypopharyngeal reconstruction. Our series demonstrates that the technique of an indicator flap for the monitoring of the buried flap is simple, reliable, and inexpensive. The condition of the indicator flap can be easily interpreted by the physicians and the nursing staff. Therefore, the success rate of this microsurgical reconstruction may be improved. Objectives: The RFFF is increasingly applied in reconstruction of the hypopharynx after radical resection for advanced hypopharyngeal cancer. However, postoperative monitoring of the buried free flap is extremely difficult. We designed a small external component as an indicator flap to monitor the perfusion of the buried vascular pedicle. Methods: Eight consec...

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Application of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) in a dual-vendor environment

Radiation Oncology — Sun, 24 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Similar or improved plan quality can be achieved with VMAT as compared to IMRT at reduced treatment times but increased calculation times. (Source: Radiation Oncology)

No evidence of sex-related survival disparities among head and neck cancer patients receiving similar multidisciplinary care: a matched-pair analysis.

Clinical Cancer Research — Thu, 14 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that there is no evidence to suggest that a survival advantage exists for women as compared with men with SCCHN receiving similar multidisciplinary directed care at a tertiary cancer center. PMID: 20943762 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Cancer Research)

Prognostic significance of Oct4 and Sox2 expression in hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma

Journal of Translational Medicine — Mon, 11 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Oct4 expression is an independent predictive factor for patients with hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma, suggesting that Oct4 expression may be a useful indicator for predicting the prognosis of hypopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. (Source: Journal of Translational Medicine)

Treatment results for hypopharyngeal cancer by different treatment strategies and its secondary primary - an experience in Taiwan

Radiation Oncology — Wed, 06 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: There was no survival difference between OPIT and radical surgery in hypopharyngeal cancer patients at our hospital. CCRT may offer better laryngeal preservation than RT alone or CT/RT. However, prospective studies are still needed to confirm this finding. Additionally, second primary cancers are another important issue for hypopharyngeal cancer management. (Source: Radiation Oncology)

Phase II study of vinorelbine/cetuximab in patients with recurrent/metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck progressing after at least two chemotherapy regimens

Oral Oncology — Sun, 03 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Summary: The aim of the present study was to identify a potentially effective new treatment regimen for patients with recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck in disease progression after at least two previous chemotherapy regimens. The “novel” regimen was Cetuximab administered weekly plus Vinorelbine on days 1, 8, 15 every 28days. The regimen was administered to patients with recurrent and/or metastatic squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck previously treated with surgery, radiotherapy or both and progressing after at least two chemotherapy regimens. Twenty-four patients with histologically confirmed tumors of oral cavity, oropharynx, hypopharynx and larynx were enrolled. All patients were stage IV and 91.6% had an ECOG PS 0–1. After 3 cycles ...

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Significance of Endoscopic Screening and Endoscopic Resection for Esophageal Cancer in Patients with Hypopharyngeal Cancer

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology — Thu, 30 Sep 2010 13:07:36 +0100

Conclusions This study showed a strikingly high incidence of esophageal cancer in hypopharyngeal cancer patients. We suppose that the combination of early detection by chromoendoscopic examination and endoscopic resection for associated esophageal cancer in hypopharyngeal cancer patients improve prognosis and maintain quality of life. (Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology)

Human papillomavirus–positive basaloid squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck

Human Pathology — Wed, 29 Sep 2010 16:55:15 +0100

We read with great interest the article by Chernock et al on the prognosis of basaloid squamous cell carcinomas (BSCCs) depending on their association with human papillomavirus (HPV) and tumor site. The authors recommended that the diagnosis of BSCC be made based on Wain's morphologic criteria. They additionally made a diagnosis of HPV on HPV in situ hybridization as well as p16 and performed p53 immunohistochemistry on 28 cases based on their large experience in that matter . They described a population of 12 oropharyngeal and 16 hypopharyngeal-laryngeal cases. These proportions are different from those of Begum and Westra and Thariat et al where oropharyngeal cases were more frequent but are more similar to those of Soriano et al . HPV-positive BSCC represented 75% of the oropharyngeal c...

Hypofractionated Accelerated Radiotherapy with Concurrent Carboplatin for Locally Advanced Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Head and Neck

Clinical Oncology — Tue, 28 Sep 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Hypofractionated accelerated radiotherapy with concurrent carboplatin achieves a high local control. This regimen should be considered for a radiotherapy dose-escalation study using intensity-modulated radiotherapy. (Source: Clinical Oncology)

Methodologies for localizing loco-regional hypopharyngeal carcinoma recurrences in relation to FDG-PET positive and clinical radiation therapy target volumes.

Acta Oncologica — Sat, 25 Sep 2010 22:31:32 +0100

CONCLUSION: Volumetric approaches favor large target volumes as the source of the recurrence, thus underestimating the number of recurrences originating in the PET positive volume. Expert based and COV approaches on the recurrence scan are the most reproducible methods to determine the PO. PMID: 20831486 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Acta Oncologica)

Comparison of pharyngeal stenosis between hypopharyngeal patients undergoing primary versus salvage laryngopharyngectomy

Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery — Sat, 25 Sep 2010 08:28:41 +0100

Conclusion: Primary closure reconstruction is discouraged in patients over the age of 65 years. (Source: Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery)

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Human Papillomavirus and Head and Neck Cancer

Cancer Network — Wed, 22 Sep 2010 12:00:00 +0100

As outlined by Leslie Kim and colleagues in this issue of ONCOLOGY,[1] almost 650,000 new cases of head and neck cancer are identified and approximately 350,000 individuals die from this disease worldwide each year. Most cancers of the head and neck are squamous cell carcinomas and originate from one of five major sites: oral cavity, oropharynx, nasopharynx, hypopharynx, and larynx. Traditionally, tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption have been considered to be the main risk factors for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) and, thus far, most prevention strategies and public health messages have focused on these two factors. However, as described in the review by Kim et al., there is increasing evidence that, independent of tobacco and alcohol exposure, oral human papillomavirus...

MAGE-A3 and MAGE-A4 specific CD4+ T cells in head and neck cancer patients: detection of naturally acquired responses and identification of new epitopes

Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy — Mon, 20 Sep 2010 19:28:19 +0100

In this study, we assessed the naturally acquired T-cell response against MAGE-A3 and -A4 in nonvaccinated HNSCC patients. Autologous antigen-presenting cells pulsed with overlapping peptide pools were used to detect and isolate MAGE-A3 and MAGE-A4 specific CD4+ T cells from healthy donors and seven head and neck cancer patients. CD4+ T-cell clones were characterized by cytokine secretion. We could detect and isolate MAGE-A3 and MAGE-A4 specific CD4+ T cells from 7/7 cancer patients analyzed. Moreover, we identified six previously described and three new epitopes for MAGE-A3. Among them, the MAGE-A3111–125 and MAGE-A3161–175 epitopes were shown to be naturally processed and presented by DC in association with HLA-DP and DR, respectively. All of the detected MAGE-A4 responses were s...

Pretreatment Apparent Diffusion Coefficient of the Primary Lesion Correlates With Local Failure in Head-and-Neck Cancer Treated With Chemoradiotherapy or Radiotherapy

International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics — Wed, 08 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The results suggest that pretreatment ADC, along with T stage, is a potential indicator of local failure in HNSCC treated with chemoradiotherapy or radiotherapy. (Source: International Journal of Radiation Oncology * Biology * Physics)

Role of 18F-FDG PET in detecting primary site in the patient with primary unknown carcinoma

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology — Fri, 03 Sep 2010 15:15:53 +0100

In this study, CUP represented a group of heterogeneous tumors that shared the clinical manifestation of metastatic carcinoma with no obvious primary site at the time of first diagnosis, which included clinical investigations, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging and panendoscopy. We reviewed the records of 24 patients with CUP between January 1995 and December 2009. The patients who demonstrated additional tracer uptake sites other than previously known metastatic lesions by PET scan were done direct biopsies for the sites of accumulation. Patients who had a negative PET scan or for whom the primary site could not be identified by direct biopsies underwent examination under anesthesia of the at-risk occult tumor sites. PET scan demonstrated focal accumulation suspicious f...