MedWorm: Immature Teratoma

Pediatric germ cell tumors

Seminars in Pediatric Surgery — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 06:36:29 +0100

represent a diverse group of tumors that present from in utero through adolescence at many nongonadal locations, from the neck to the sacrococcygeal region. Surgical resection remains the central element of management, and accurate surgical staging is essential to properly ascertain the correct risk-based treatment. The management for all benign tumors (mature and immature teratomas) and select completely resectable malignant tumors is surgery alone. Modern-day chemotherapy is extremely effective in infants and children with unresectable and metastatic disease and these children have a very high survival rate. The use of neoadjuvant chemotherapy allows vital organ preservation and there is no role for resection of vital structures at the time of initial presentation. (Source: Seminars in ...

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Clinical Image: Mediastinal Teratoma

Journal of Pakistan Medical Students — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

This article has been peer reviewed. Article Submitted on: 11th July 2011 Article Accepted on: 27th October 2011 Funding Sources: None declared Correspondence to: Sina Khajehjahromi, Medical Student Address: Student Research Committee, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran Email: sina.khajehjahromi@gmail.com Download PDF Brief History: A 26-year-old man was referred to the emergency department of our hospital following a car accident. The physical examination was unremarkable except reduced breath sounds over the left hemithorax. Results of blood serum tests were normal. Chest X-ray showed a huge space-occupying mass in almost half of the left hemithorax (Figure 1). The computed tomography (CT) scan showed a heterogeneous mass with focal fine cal...

Immature teratoma of the greater omentum

European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology — Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Germ cell tumours are an uncommon but well-documented malignancy of the ovary that account for 1–2% of ovarian malignant disease . Germ cell tumours of the omentum are extremely rare and their true incidence is unknown . A literature search reveals only 30 reports of omental teratomas since the first case in 1734: of these reports, only two describe immature teratomas. (Source: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology)

RNA‐binding protein LIN28 is a sensitive marker of ovarian primitive germ cell tumours

Histopathology — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: LIN28 is a sensitive marker for gonadoblastomas, dysgerminomas, ECs, and YSTs. LIN28 can be used to distinguish them from non‐GCTs. (Source: Histopathology)

Fine needle aspiration cytology in ovarian lesions: an institutional experience of 584 cases

Cytopathology — Wed, 24 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: FNAC has a high specificity for diagnosis of ovarian/adnexal lesions but greater experience is required for the accurate subtyping of neoplasms and sensitivity is limited by inconclusive/inadequate results. (Source: Cytopathology)

Assessment of immature teratoma by 18F-FDG PET/CT

European Journal of Radiology Extra — Sun, 01 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Teratomas are the most frequent extra-gonadal non-seminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCTs). Retroperitoneum is the third most common site for teratomas and 30–40% of them may have immature tissue. The use of 18F-FDG PET in NSGCTs has been recently investigated. Here we report a 22 year-old male patient with metastatic immature teratoma, followed by PET/CT according to the existence of 18F-FDG avid metastatic lesions. According to our experience, functional imaging with PET/CT has an additive effect to anatomical imaging modalities in NSGCT patients when the tumoral tissue contains more primitive immature elements. (Source: European Journal of Radiology Extra)

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Salvage resection of a large chemorefractory mediastinal germ cell tumor [CASE STUDIES]

Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals — Tue, 05 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

We describe resection of a large mediastinal teratoma in a 23-year-old man, with a satisfactory early result. (Source: Asian Cardiovascular and Thoracic Annals)

A case of neonatal intrapericardial teratoma. Clinical and pathological findings.

Acta Paediatrica — Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: A neonatal grade II immature pericardial teratoma was completely removed after birth. The follow‐up of the patient, until ten months of life, was good with no recurrence of the disease. (Source: Acta Paediatrica)

A case of neonatal intrapericardial teratoma. Clinical and pathological findings

Acta Paediatrica — Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: A neonatal grade II immature pericardial teratoma was completely removed after birth. The follow‐up of the patient, until 10 months of life, was good with no recurrence of the disease. (Source: Acta Paediatrica)

First trimester diagnosis of sacrococcygeal teratoma using two‐ and three‐dimensional ultrasound

Journal of Clinical Ultrasound — Tue, 25 Jan 2011 02:44:57 +0100

AbstractSacrococcygeal teratomas are very rarely diagnosed in the first trimester. Here we report a case of a presacral mass suggestive of a sacrococcygeal teratoma that was detected during the first trimester nuchal translucency thickness measurement at 12+1 week of gestation. Although the diagnosis was possible with conventional two‐dimensional sonography, three‐dimensional sonography facilitated prenatal counseling by providing more recognizable images to the parents. Postmortem examination of the fetus confirmed the presence of a type 2 benign immature teratoma. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2011 (Source: Journal of Clinical Ultrasound)

Glial fibrillary acidic protein expression is an indicator of teratoma maturation in children.

World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP — Wed, 05 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: GFAP is highly expressed in the nerve tissue of mature teratomas and low in that of immature ones, suggesting that the GFAP expression is a meaningful indicator of teratoma maturation. It is helpful for pathologists to diagnose and classify teratomas. PMID: 21210263 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP)

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[Intrapericardial teratoma in the neonatal stage: Diagnosis and evolution.]

Archivos de Cardiologia de Mexico — Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

We report a case of a neonate with fetal hydrops who required ventilatory support at birth and urgent surgical treatment due to severe respiratory failure. During surgery, a multicyst mass was resected in the anterior mediastinum, corresponding to an immature teratoma. PMID: 21592887 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Archivos de Cardiologia de Mexico)

Teratomas in central nervous system: A clinico-morphological study with review of literature

Neurology India — Fri, 10 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: CNS teratomas are rare. Morphology and location decide outcome. (Source: Neurology India)

The ultrasound diagnosis of fetal gastric teratoma

The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology — Sat, 20 Nov 2010 07:17:57 +0100

Conclusion Fetal gastric teratoma is rarely seen and easily be misdiagnosed in clinic. The diagnosis depends finally on pathological examination. Ultrasound scan as the easy and direct method is helpful to clew the diagnosis of fetal gastric teratoma. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10330-010-0695-1Authors Lixue Zhou, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 ChinaRuike Pan, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 ChinaXin Zhang, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510120 ChinaLirong He, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Sun Yat-sen Memor...

Surgical treatment of huge congenital extracranial immature teratoma: a case report

Child's Nervous System — Mon, 15 Nov 2010 18:14:01 +0100

Abstract Congenital cranial teratomas are usually characterized by complete loss of the normal intracranial architecture. In the majority of reports, the tumors are associated with stillbirth, perinatal death, or significant morbidity after surgical resection. The few reported attempts at total or subtotal tumor resection have had poor outcomes, although there are rare reports of prolonged survival up to 3.5 years following resection of smaller tumors. Neonatal teratomas are rarely located in the scalp. In the literature, there were only a few patients who underwent surgery during the neonatal period with a good outcome; however, all such patients survived. In this paper, we present a neonatal case of huge congenital extracranial immature teratoma on the scalp extendi...

Analysis of the adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) gene in childhood and adolescent germ cell tumors

Pediatric Blood and Cancer — Fri, 12 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsMethylation of APC and LOH 5q21‐22 in YSTs and teratomas provide evidence for involvement of APC in the accumulation of β‐catenin and activation of the WNT pathway. Our additional analyses suggest that APC is unlikely to be solely responsible for the formation and progression of childhood GCTs. Pediatr Blood Cancer. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer)

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Neonatal teratomas

Early Human Development — Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Teratomas are composed of multiple tissues foreign to the organ or site in which they arise. Their origin is postulated by 3 theories one of which is the origin from totipotent primodial germ cells. Anatomically, teratomas are divided into gonadal or extragonadal lesions and histologically they are classified as mature or immature tumors. Teratomas are mainy isolated lesions and may occur anywhere in the body. In the neonatal age group most of these tumors are benign and occur mainly in the sacrococcygeal area followed by the anterior mediastinum. Diagnosis is usually established prenatally and may require intervention in compromised fetuses. Postnatal imaging with ultrasound, CT scan or MRI provides useful information for surgical intervention. Complete surgical excision is the ...

[Immature ovarian tumour and dilated myocardiopathy.]

Anales de Pediatria — Sun, 19 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: SÃ¡nchez AndrÃ©s A, ValdÃ©s DiÃ©guez E, Marco MaciÃ¡n A, Carrasco Moreno JI Asymptomatic 2 month-old infant referred for evaluation of a hard abdominal mass on the left side. The ultrasound examination showed a solid-cystic tumour above the left kidney. The alpha-fetoprotein level was 2000ng/ml. The meta-iodobenzylguanidine (123-I-MIBG) showed no tumour uptake. At 48h, she showed signs of hypovolemic shock. The chest X-ray showed cardiomegaly with a cardiothoracic ratio of 0.7 and pulmonary congestion. The echocardiogram showed a dilated left ventricle with ejection fraction 35-40%. Anaemia, hypertension, hypervolemia and hyper-secretion of catecholamines were ruled out. The virology and metabolic screens were normal. The highly vascularised retroperitoneal tumour wa...

Adult cervical intramedullary teratoma: first reported immature case.

Journal of Neurosurgery.Spine — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Moon HJ, Shin BK, Kim JH, Kim JH, Kwon TH, Chung HS, Park YK Intramedullary teratomas, particularly adult cervicothoracic lesions, are extremely rare. Up to now only 6 cases of intramedullary cervical teratomas have been reported in adults, and all of these were histologically mature. The authors present the case of a 35-year-old man with progressive myelopathic symptoms who was admitted through an outpatient clinic and was surgically treated. The characteristics, diagnosis, epidemiology, and treatment of cervical intramedullary teratomas in adults are also reviewed. Postoperative MR imaging showed that the tumor had been near totally removed, and severely adherent tissue remained ventrocranially with tiny focal enhancement on follow-up MR imaging. Pathological examinations re...

Gastric teratoma with predominant nephroblastic elements

Pediatric Surgery International — Tue, 13 Jul 2010 14:54:43 +0100

Abstract Gastric teratoma is an uncommon neoplasm in infancy. Most of the gastric teratomas described have mature elements while some have immature elements. Occurrence of nephroblastic rests in gastric teratoma has not been described in available literature earlier. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/s00383-010-2670-xAuthors Anup Mohta, Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya (affiliated to Maulana Azad Medical College) Department of Pediatric Surgery Delhi IndiaMamta Sengar, Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya (affiliated to Maulana Azad Medical College) Department of Pediatric Surgery Delhi IndiaSujoy Neogi, Chacha Nehru Bal Chikitsalaya (affiliated to Maulana Azad Medical College) Department of Pediatric Surgery Delhi IndiaNita Khurana, Maulana Azad Medical...

Mature and immature ovarian teratomas: US, CT and MR imaging features [in French]

Clinical Imaging — Tue, 29 Jun 2010 06:45:48 +0100

Mature cystic ovarian teratomas, also called dermoid cysts, are one of the most frequent ovarian tumors of younger female patients and are suggested when a fat-containing cystic tumor is identified on imaging. However, the presence of fat is not pathognomonic for dermoid cyst, and it may also be identified in immature teratomas, whose prognosis and treatment are different. Some imaging features are helpful to differentiate between both, rumors, including the presence of enhancement on CT and MRI. Knowledge of the imaging features of these tumors allows for a confident diagnosis to be made in most cases. A few rate and less typical imaging features should also be recognized. (Source: Clinical Imaging)

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Intracranial growing teratoma syndrome: clinical characteristics and treatment strategy

Journal of Neuro-Oncology — Wed, 09 Jun 2010 09:10:15 +0100

This study evaluated the clinical and radiological characteristics, as well as the treatment outcomes, for the rare phenomenon known as intracranial growing teratoma syndrome (iGTS). One hundred seventy patients diagnosed with intracranial germ cell tumours (GCT) between 1997 and 2008 were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. Thorough reviews of medical records, brain magnetic resonance images (MRI), pathological findings and tumour markers [alpha-fetoprotein (αFP) and beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (βHCG)] were performed to identify the incidence of iGTS cases and to clarify their clinical characteristics. Eleven out of the 170 intracranial GCT patients (6.5%) were identified as having iGTS. All instances of iGTS originated from non-germinomatous GCT (NGGCT), with incidence...

Protein overexpression and gene amplification of epidermal growth factor receptor in adult testicular germ cell tumors: Potential role in tumor progression

Cancer Science — Sun, 06 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Little is known about the pathologic significance of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression in malignant testicular germ cell tumors (TGCTs) in adults. From the primary tumor sites of a cohort of 110 TGCT cases, we obtained 209 histologically distinct components: 53 intratubular germ cell neoplasia unclassified (IGCNU) lesions, 83 seminomas (66 pure-form seminomas and 17 seminoma components in the mixed-form with nonseminomatous TGCTs), 27 embryonal carcinomas, eight choriocarcinomas, 18 yolk sac tumors, and 20 immature teratomas. Samples were analyzed for expression of EGFR protein and EGFR gene amplification by immunohistochemistry and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), respectively. Overexpression of the EGFR protein was detected in 28% of seminomas (27% in the pure-...

Massive immature teratoma in a neonate

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery — Wed, 19 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Teratomas are embryonal tumours composed of diverse tissues from three germinal layers with variable levels of maturity. The authors report a female patient with a large immature epignathus. Prenatal diagnosis permitted a caesarean section and tracheotomy to be planned under ex utero intrapartum treatment for airway obstruction. The tumour was successfully controlled, even though it was impossible to distinguish from normal tissue because it lacked a pedicle and capsule, using multidisciplinary therapy, including a series of surgical treatments and adjuvant chemotherapy. This case suggested that the level of serum alpha fetoprotein might be a useful indicator after surgery. At present, after 4 years, no regrowth has been observed and the patient has no problems with respiration o...

Congenital tumors of the central nervous system

Neuroradiology — Thu, 29 Apr 2010 21:50:15 +0100

Abstract Congenital tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are often arbitrarily divided into “definitely congenital” (present or producing symptoms at birth), “probably congenital” (present or producing symptoms within the first week of life), and “possibly congenital” (present or producing symptoms within the first 6 months of life). They represent less than 2% of all childhood brain tumors. The clinical features of newborns include an enlarged head circumference, associated hydrocephalus, and asymmetric skull growth. At birth, a large head or a tense fontanel is the presenting sign in up to 85% of patients. Neurological symptoms as initial symptoms are comparatively rare. The prenatal diagnosis of congenital CNS tumors, while based on ultrasonography...

Imaging of Ovarian Teratomas in Children: A 9-Year Review

Canadian Association of Radiologists Journal — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The predominance of a cystic component and a pure solid component in ovarian teratoma are significant differentiating factors between the mature type and the more aggressive immature type of teratoma.Abrégé: Objectif: Les tumeurs de cellule germinale représentent les néoplasmes ovariens les plus courants chez l'enfant et, parmi ces néoplasmes, les tératomes, matures ou immatures, sont les plus fréquents. Le tératome mature est une tumeur bénigne tandis que le tératome de type immature, même s'il est également bénin, évolue plus rapidement et tend à être récurrent. Un examen de la documentation a révélé que certaines caractéristiques de l'imagerie peuvent aider à distinguer les deux types de tératomes, bien qu'aucune comparaison systématique n'ait été ...

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Congenital Cervical Teratoma: A Case Report

Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Cervical teratomas represent approximately 3% of all congenital teratomas, and occur in approximately 1 in 20,000 to 1 in 40,000 live births. In the head and neck region, they are most commonly found in the cervical area, followed by the nasopharynx. Teratomas are derived from multipotent primitive germ cells that have the ability to differentiate into a variety of tissues. In addition, teratomas have a heterogeneous histologic appearance that may include cystic or solid areas with organoid patterns, as well as mature or immature components. (Source: Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

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Journal of Pediatric Surgery — Sun, 01 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical presentation, management and outcome in girls treated for ovarian germ cell tumors at a single unit. The records of 40 girls (median age 10.5 years) with histologically proven ovarian germ cell tumors were reviewed. Twenty-nine patients had mature teratomas (MT), 5 patients had immature teratomas (IT) and 6 had malignant tumors: 4 malignant mixed germ cell tumors (MMGCT) and 2 germinomas (M). The median age at presentation was 11 years for the MT and IT groups, and 8.5 years for the malignant group. The commonest signs at presentation were pain (n = 28), a palpable mass (n = 15) and abdominal distention (n = 9). Precocious puberty was noted in three patients with malignant tumors. Tumor markers were elevated at presentation in all patients...

Imaging of ovarian teratomas: Appearances and complications

Australasian Radiology — Sun, 27 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Ovarian teratomas are the most common germ cell neoplasm. Subtypes of teratoma include mature cystic, immature and the monodermal teratomas. The benign cystic teratoma shows typical imaging manifestations and can be complicated by torsion, rupture and uncommonly malignant degeneration. Uncommon subtypes of teratomas include the immature, which is usually malignant at diagnosis. The growing teratoma syndrome is an uncommon complication reported in patients treated for immature teratomas. The monodermal teratomas which include the struma ovarii may also have specific imaging characteristics that should be recognised on imaging. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review describing the spectrum of imaging findings of these ovarian tumours and associated complications (Source: Australas...

Intrathoracic glial implants in a child with gliomatosis peritonei

Journal of Pediatric Surgery — Mon, 31 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

This report provides evidence to bolster the metaplastic theory. (Source: Journal of Pediatric Surgery)

Management of primary intracranial germ cell tumors

Journal of Neuro-Oncology — Thu, 09 Jul 2009 14:09:19 +0100

Abstract Primary intracranial germ cell tumors are rare and usually localized in the pineal and the suprasellar regions. They are divided into the following histologic types: germinoma, teratoma (mature, immature, malignant), choriocarcinoma, embryonal carcinoma, endodermal sinus tumor (yolk sac tumor), and mixed tumors. Clinically, they are manifested with ocular signs or signs of obstructive hydrocephalus. Localized germinomas are treated with radiation therapy and exhibit a relatively good prognosis. Chemotherapy is reserved for disseminated germinomas. Mature teratomas are treated with surgery. The rest of germ cell tumors are managed with various combinations of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy depending on the tumor type. If the tumors secrete beta-human chori...

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[Epidemiology and pathological profile of childhood ovary tumours in Togo: about 32 cases.]

Bulletin du Cancer — Tue, 19 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100

ConclusionThe childhood ovary tumours although rare, exist in Togo dominated by Burkitt lymphoma. PMID: 19457758 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Bulletin du Cancer)

Ovarian Immature Teratoma

About.com Ovarian Cancer — Sat, 07 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100

Immature teratomas of the ovary are rare germ cell malignancies. They are very different from the more common mature cystic teratoma, which is not malignant. (Source: About.com Ovarian Cancer)

Alpha-fetoprotein levels correlate with the pathologic grade and surgical outcomes of pediatric retroperitoneal teratomas

Pediatric Surgery International — Sat, 07 Feb 2009 10:09:30 +0100

Conclusion We conclude that AFP levels correlate with tumor immaturity and predict operative morbidity even in patients less than 2 months of age. Despite the increased morbidity associated with surgical excision of high-grade RTs, complete resection results in long-term disease-free survival in the majority of infants with this rare pediatric neoplasm. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00383-009-2321-2Authors Catherine Jane Hunter, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles Department of Surgery 4650 Sunset Blvd., Mail Stop #35 Los Angeles CA 90027 USAHenri R. Ford, University of Southern California, Keck School of Medicine, Childrens Hospital Los Angeles Department of Surgery 4650 Sunset...

[AFIP Archives] From the Archives of the AFIP: Fat-containing Lesions of the Retroperitoneum: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation

Radiographics recent issues — Fri, 23 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100

Retroperitoneal lesions represent a broad, diverse collection of entities; when they contain fat, the differential diagnosis, which ranges from benign to fully malignant lesions, substantially narrows. Lipomas rarely occur in the retroperitoneum; thus, fat-containing lesions in this location should never be dismissed as lipoma. Pelvic lipomatosis is the overgrowth of histologically normal fat in the extraabdominal compartments of the pelvis along the perirectal and perivesicular spaces. Infants and young children develop lipoblastomas rather than liposarcomas, which occur in older patients. Liposarcomas typically occur in patients 50–70 years old and manifest in multiple subtypes, with the most common being well-differentiated liposarcoma. Liposarcomas are histologically and radiolog...

[AFIP Archives] Fat-containing Lesions of the Retroperitoneum: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation

Radiographics recent issues — Fri, 23 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100

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Fat-containing Lesions of the Retroperitoneum: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation [AFIP Archives]

Radiographics recent issues — Fri, 23 Jan 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Expression of Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotropic Factor Receptor alpha-1 in Immature Teratomas.

American Journal of Clinical Pathology — Fri, 21 Nov 2008 15:18:30 +0100

In this study, we evaluated the expression of glial cell line-derived neurotropic factor receptor alpha-1 (GFRalpha-1) for this purpose. We retrieved 38 cases of germ cell tumors: 26 cases contained immature teratoma, of which 24 had immature neuroepithelium and showed strong membrane staining for GFRalpha-1. No significant staining was seen in other components including embryonal carcinoma, seminoma, yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma, immature mesenchyme, and intratubular germ cell neoplasia. Immunohistochemical staining for GFRalpha-1 in immature neuroepithelium may facilitate its identification. PMID: 19019765 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology)

Mature and immature ovarian teratomas: CT, US and MR imaging characteristics.

European Journal of Radiology — Fri, 19 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Saba L, Guerriero S, Sulcis R, Virgilio B, Melis G, Mallarini G Ovarian teratomas (OTs) are the most common germ cell neoplasm. They include mature cystic teratomas, monodermal teratomas (neural tumors, struma ovarii, carcinoid tumors) and immature teratomas. Teratomas are the most common benign ovarian neoplasms in women less than 45 years old. OTs are usually characterized by ultrasound (US) and magnetic resonance (MR) whereas they are usually an incidental finding on CT. The purpose of this paper is to review the most common types of teratomas and to describe CT, US and MR imaging features of the various types of mature and immature OTs. PMID: 18804932 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: European Journal of Radiology)

Expression of glypican 3 in ovarian and extragonadal germ cell tumors.

American Journal of Clinical Pathology — Thu, 17 Jul 2008 17:47:11 +0100

Authors: Zynger DL, Everton MJ, Dimov ND, Chou PM, Yang XJ Germ cell tumors (GCTs), rare malignancies that occur in a wide range of locations and display variable histologic patterns, may pose diagnostic challenges. Glypican 3 (GPC3), a membrane-bound heparan sulfate proteoglycan, has been shown to be a novel diagnostic marker in testicular GCT. However, GPC3 expression in ovarian and extragonadal GCT has not been reported. We evaluated GPC3 immunoreactivity in GCTs from 63 patients (57 children and 6 adults), including 14 ovarian and 20 extragonadal primary GCTs and 8 metastases along with 21 primary testicular GCTs for comparison. All 33 yolk sac tumors (YSTs) and both choriocarcinomas were immunoreactive for GPC3. In contrast, a minority of immature (4/10) and mature (4/35) teratoma...

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The distinction of bronchogenic cyst from metastatic testicular teratoma: a light microscopic and immunohistochemical study.

American Journal of Clinical Pathology — Thu, 17 Jul 2008 17:46:42 +0100

Authors: Roma A, Varsegi M, Magi-Galluzzi C, Ulbright T, Zhou M Bronchogenic cyst (BC), a rare developmental abnormality of the primitive foregut and usually found above the diaphragm, can occur in the retroperitoneum and other unusual locations where distinction from metastatic teratoma is essential. We studied 22 BCs and 34 teratomas metastatic to the retroperitoneum in men. Of 22 BCs, 17 (77%) showed well or moderate architectural differentiation toward normal tracheobronchial structures, whereas none of the teratomas did. In addition, 20 (91%) of the BCs had respiratory-type epithelium and none had enteric-type epithelium. Immature elements, atypia, and tumor necrosis were absent in BCs. All BCs expressed cytokeratin (CK) 7, and none expressed CDX-2 in immunohistochemical analysis....

[Pediatric Oncology] Mature and Immature Extracranial Teratomas in Children: The UK Children's Cancer Study Group Experience

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Thu, 17 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion Treatment remains primarily surgical, with JEB chemotherapy for YST relapse. No definite response followed JEB for pure MT and IT. Adjuvant chemotherapy after surgery for sacrococcygeal patients is not advocated. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

[RSNA Education Exhibits] Imaging Findings of Complications and Unusual Manifestations of Ovarian Teratomas

Radiographics recent issues — Thu, 17 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100

Ovarian teratomas can be associated with various complications and demonstrate a wide spectrum of clinical and imaging features. The complications include torsion (16% of ovarian teratomas), rupture (1%–4%), malignant transformation (1%–2%), infection (1%), and autoimmune hemolytic anemia (<1%). These complications require different therapeutic strategies; therefore, timely and accurate diagnosis of these complications is important for optimal patient treatment. In cases of complicated ovarian teratomas, the clinical manifestations provide only limited information and often overlap with those of other diseases. Furthermore, ovarian teratomas may have unusual clinical and imaging manifestations, thereby leading to misdiagnosis. These unusual manifestations include immature te...

First description of malignant retrobulbar and intracranial teratoma in a lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni).

Avian Pathology — Wed, 16 Jul 2008 18:51:30 +0100

Authors: López RM, Múrcia DB Teratomas are defined as germ cell origin neoplasms that can be rarely found in either humans or animals. Their most common localization is the gonads, although extragonadal localization has also been observed. In avian medicine, there is scarce literature about the occurrence of teratomas and their clinical implications, and this is mainly in wildlife birds . For this reason, we report the first description of a teratoma with both retrobulbar and intracranial locations in a 10-day-old chick of a lesser kestrel (Falco naumanni) born in captivity. The raptor was treated in a centre of wildlife rehabilitation because of the presence of left periocular swelling and exopthalmos. The bird worsened rapidly with signs of vestibular syndrome, ataxia and d...

Murine embryonic stem cell-derived hepatic progenitor cells engraft in recipient livers with limited capacity of liver tissue formation.

Cell Transplantation — Wed, 16 Jul 2008 15:00:26 +0100

In conclusion, the limited repopulation capacity of ES-HPC is not caused by a failure of primary engraftment, but may be due to an immature hepatic phenotype of the transplanted ES-HPC. PMID: 18522234 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cell Transplantation)

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Bifocal mixed germ-cell tumor with growing teratoma syndrome and metachronous mature metastases: case report

Journal of Neuro-Oncology — Tue, 24 Jun 2008 06:02:14 +0100

Abstract The authors report the case of a 16-year-old male who presented with a bifocal diencephalic tumor arising both in the neurohypophysis and the pineal region with hydrocephalus. The histological diagnosis obtained during endoscopic ventriculocisternostomy was germinoma. MRI revealed an increase of the neoplasm during chemotherapy with recurrent obstructive hydrocephalus. A new ventriculostomy was performed followed by total surgical resection. The final histopathological analysis demonstrated an immature teratoma. Subsequently, this patient developed metachronous cystic metastases in the cerebello-pontine angles, which were resected and identified as mature teratoma, then we observed a lesion of the brachium conjunctivum which stayed stable after 29 consecutive mont...

The influence of conservative surgical practices for malignant ovarian germ cell tumors

Journal of Surgical Oncology — Wed, 18 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100

To evaluate demographics, survival, and surgical trends for patients with malignant ovarian germ cell tumors.SEER data abstracted from 1988 to 2001 and analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models.Of 760 patients, the median age was 23 years. Seventy-six percent of patients presented with stage I-II disease, and 24% with stage III-IV. Fifty-five percent were immature teratomas, 32% dysgerminomas, and 13% yolk sac tumors. Fertility-preserving surgery was performed in 41.2% (n = 313) of patients. In those (Source: Journal of Surgical Oncology)

Accumulation of gallium-67 within mature and immature teratoma in pediatric patients: investigation for the uptake mechanism

Annals of Nuclear Medicine — Fri, 23 May 2008 06:54:59 +0100

Conclusions A high-uptake ratio of 67Ga in benign teratoma was indicated. A close correlation between gallium scan and CT helps to ascertain whether 67Ga uptake results from malignant and/or immature elements, or mature tissue components. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12149-007-0095-yAuthors Etsuo Kunieda, Tokyo Metropolitan Kiyose Children’s Hospital Department of Radiology Kiyose, Tokyo JapanHiroko Hara, Kawaguchi Municipal Hospital Department of Radiology Kawaguchi, Saitama JapanYukihiko Morikawa, Tokyo Metropolitan Kiyose Children’s Hospital Department of Pathology Kiyose, Tokyo JapanSeiichi Hirobe, Tokyo Metropolitan Kiyose Children’s Hospital Department of Surgery Kiyose, Tokyo JapanShoichiro Kamagata, Tokyo Metropolitan K...

Influence of Tumor Site and Histology on Long-Term Survival in 193 Children with Extracranial Germ Cell Tumors

European Journal of Pediatric Surgery — Wed, 27 Feb 2008 09:37:00 +0100

Eur J Pediatr Surg 2008; 18: 1-6DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-989399Abstract Although germ cell tumors (GCT) supposedly share the same cell type of origin, their clinical course differs considerably depending on tumor site and histology. The aim of this work was to study long-term survival stratified for tumor site and tumor histology. The medical records of 193 consecutive infants and children with extracranial GCT were studied. The GCT arose in the following anatomical sites: sacrococcygeal (n = 70), ovary (n = 66), testis (n = 20), retroperitoneum (n = 12), neck (n = 8), mediastinum (n = 7), and miscellaneous (n = 10). Histological analysis revealed 152 teratomas (mature: 115, immature: 37), 27 yolk sac tumors, 8 mixed tumors, 2 dysgerminomas, 2 gonadoblastomas, 1 choriocarcinoma and 1 embryonal ...

Nestin expression in central nervous system germ cell tumors

Urosurgical Review — Wed, 19 Dec 2007 15:53:14 +0100

In this study, we examined for the first time nestin expression in 19 CNS germ cell tumors (nine pure germinomas, five germinomas with syncytiotrophoblastic giant cells, one yolk sac tumor, one choriocarcinoma, one embryonal carcinoma, and two mature teratomas). Nestin was expressed in 14 cases but was not expressed in three pure germinomas and two mature teratomas. Clinically, nestin-negative tumors did not exhibit dissemination, while all tumors that exhibited dissemination also strongly expressed nestin protein. These findings suggest that the detection of nestin expression could be useful in the management of CNS germ cell tumors, as an auxiliary predictor of dissemination and/or progression. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10143-007-0115-3Auth...

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A patient with bilateral immature ovarian teratoma presenting with paraneoplastic encephalitis.

Gynecologic Oncology — Mon, 19 Nov 2007 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION.: In case a young woman presents with encephalitis of unknown origin she should also be referred to the gynecologist to rule out ovarian pathology, especially since surgical removal of a teratoma may result in clinical improvement or even complete recovery. PMID: 18029289 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gynecologic Oncology)

Uterine cervical teratoma with divergent neuroepithelial differentiation and development of an oligodendroglioma: report of a case and review of the literature.

Annals of Diagnostic Pathology — Tue, 17 Jul 2007 13:40:22 +0100

We describe a case of uterine cervical teratoma exhibiting ectodermal, endodermal, mesodermal, and various types of neuroepithelial differentiation and development of a small oligodendroglioma in a 38-year-old female. The presence of immature neuroepithelium defines this teratoma as immature, and the development of a low-grade malignant neoplasm from one of its components makes it malignant. The pertinent literature is reviewed. PMID: 17630116 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of Diagnostic Pathology)

Primary malignant teratoma with a primitive neuroectodermal tumor component in thyroid gland: a case report.

J Korean Med Sci — Fri, 01 Jun 2007 04:00:00 +0100

We report a case of a 31-yr-old female with a huge neck mass. Pathologic examination revealed it to be malignant teratoma composed of primitive neuroepithelial tissue with primitive neural tubes and loose myxoid to fibrous immature mesenchymal stroma. The patient underwent extensive evaluation of the thyroid gland with computed tomography (CT) scan and positron emission tomography (PET) scan, which revealed no evidence of metastatic disease. She underwent total thyroidectomy with bilateral modified radical neck dissection, intensive chemotherapy and radiotherapy. At 22-months of follow-up, the patient has remained euthyroid and showed no evidence of recurrence. This is the first case, to our knowledge, of malignant thyroid teratoma with a exuberant primitive neuroectodermal tumor component...

Expression of Sox2 in mature and immature teratomas of central nervous system

Modern Pathology AOP — Fri, 27 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ji Hoon Phi, Sung-Hye Park, Sun Ha Paek, Seung-Ki Kim, Yun Jin Lee, Chul-Kee Park, Byung-Kyu Cho, Do-Hun Lee & Kyu-Chang Wang (Source: Modern Pathology AOP)

Prognostic factors and role of salvage surgery in chemorefractory ovarian germ cell malignancies: A study in Chinese patients.

Gynecologic Oncology — Mon, 23 Apr 2007 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS.: Chemorefractory cases with dysgerminoma or immature teratoma appear to have better outcome than the other subtypes. When offered standard BEP/PVB regimen as salvage chemotherapy, patients with chemorefractory disease after non-BEP/PVB primary chemotherapy have better prognosis. Optimal cytoreduction during salvage surgery does benefit chemorefractory patients. PMID: 17459461 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Gynecologic Oncology)

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Mature and immature teratomas: results of the first paediatric Italian study

Pediatric Surgery International — Fri, 02 Mar 2007 08:40:00 +0100

Abstract??Teratoma is the most common germ cell tumour in childhood; mature (MT) and immature teratomas (IT) are benign tumours, but if they recur, they can be in some cases malignant. The aim of this paper is to evaluate Italian patients with MT and IT enrolled from 1991 to 2001, in a prospective multicentric study. One hundred and eighty-three patients, observed in 15 Italian Centers of Paediatric Oncology and three Paediatric Surgical Units were enrolled. Clinical data, treatment and results were all analysed. Initial evaluation and subsequent follow up included clinical examination, tumour markers and imaging procedures. Surgical resection was recommended for all the tumours. Histology was centrally reviewed and IT was classified as grading 1?3. Chemotherapy (CT) with Vinblastine,D-act...

Cytopathologic findings in an immature cystic teratoma: Report of an unusual case

Diagnostic Cytopathology — Wed, 17 Jan 2007 07:00:00 +0100

We describe the cytopathology of an unusual case of a large congenital teratoma in a 6-day-old girl. The patient initially showed signs of abdominal distention and a follow-up ultrasound and computerized-tomography (CT) revealed a cystic mass in the pelvis. An ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration (FNA) showed small round blue cells suspicious for a primitive neuronal tumor. Resection of the mass displayed a cystic teratoma with distinct nests of small round blue cells representing immature neuroepithelial and glial tissue. Also noted were admixed mature elements of a cystic teratoma. Cytologic finding of a small round blue cell tumor, therefore, was the immature component of the teratoma. This case illustrates the difficulties in diagnosing teratomas due to their extraordinary diversit...

[CASE REPORTS] Treatment of Mediastinal Immature Teratoma in a Child With Precocious Puberty and Klinefelter's Syndrome

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery — Wed, 01 Nov 2006 07:00:00 +0100

Teratoma is the most common germ cell tumor, which can be divided into the mature and the immature histologically. Concurrent Klinefelter's syndrome may be overlooked in a patient with a germ cell tumor. This is because the tumor that secrets alpha-fetoprotein and beta human chorionic gonadotropin can mimic puberty in a patient with Klinefelter's syndrome, masking the usual clinical signs. In reviewing the literature on the subject, the role of neoadjuvant and adjuvant chemotherapy remains ill-defined for the immature teratoma. Age-dependent prognosis seems to demonstrate that children with immature teratomas have a better outcome. We share the experience of treating a child with immature teratoma with surgical excision alone, and it ended in a local recurrence. (Source: The Annals of Thor...

Factors associated with recurrence and metastasis in sacrococcygeal teratoma

British Journal of Surgery — Tue, 24 Oct 2006 15:49:01 +0100

Sacrococcygeal teratoma (SCT) is a relatively uncommon tumour, with a high risk of recurrence and metastasis. The factors associated with recurrence and metastatic disease were studied.A retrospective review was conducted of 173 children with SCT treated between January 1970 and February 2003 at the paediatric surgical centres in the Netherlands. Risk factors were identified by univariate and multivariate analysis.Eight children died shortly after birth or around the time of operation. Nine children, all over 18 months old, had metastases at presentation. Four teratomas with metastasis showed mature histology of the primary tumour. Nineteen children had recurrence of SCT a median interval of 10 months (range 32 days to 35 months) after primary surgery. Risk factors for recurrence were path...

Gonadal Teratomas: A Review and Speculation

Advances in Anatomic Pathology — Thu, 01 Jan 2004 00:00:00 +0100

Teratomas of the ovary and testis are confusing because, despite histologic similarities, they exhibit different biologic behaviors, depending mostly on the site of occurrence and the age of the patient. Thus, most ovarian teratomas are benign, and most testicular teratomas are malignant, with the exception of those occurring in children. These general statements, however, do not hold true for ovarian teratomas that are "immature" or exhibit "malignant transformation" and for dermoid and epidermoid cysts of the testis, categories of ovarian and testicular teratomas that are malignant and benign, respectively. This review concentrates on some of the "newer" observations concerning these interesting and confusing neoplasms, including diagnostically deceptive patterns. It is the author's opin...

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