MedWorm: Anemia

The homozygous mutation G75R in the human SLC11A2 gene leads to microcytic anaemia and iron overload

British Journal of Haematology — Wed, 08 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: British Journal of Haematology)

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Navigating Treatment Decisions

Kidney Cancer Association — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 17:54:52 +0100

This article focuses on treatment for clear cell disease, but some of these treatments are also appropriate for patients with non-clear cell disease. Some patients may have only a single metastatic tumor that can be removed by surgery. But most patients with metastatic disease have tumors in many parts of the body. In order to treat all of these tumors, patients are given systemic therapies, which are drugs that travel through the bloodstream and can directly reach cells throughout the body. Immunotherapy is a type of treatment that gives a boost to the immune system. The goal of immunotherapy is to help the patient’s immune system attack the cancer cells. Immunotherapy treatments have been available for decades and have generated renewed interest for treating metastatic RCC ...

Thrombotic Microangiopathies, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura, and ADAMTS-13

Seminars in Thrombosis and Hemostasis — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Semin Thromb Hemost 2012; 38: 47-54DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1300951Thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is a term used to describe a group of disorders characterized by hemolytic anemia (with prominent red blood cell fragmentation), thrombocytopenia, and thrombosis in the microvasculature. It may be used when describing patients with thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP), hemolytic uremic syndrome, atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, as well as a myriad of other disorders in which the TMA may be secondary to another disease or disorder. While limited information exists as to the exact cause of microthrombosis in many TMA, recent advances have been made in the understanding of TTP and its pathophysiology. This progress can be attributed to discovery of the von Willebrand factor cleaving protease...

Hidradenitis suppurativa resulting in systemic amyloid A amyloidosis: A case report and review of the literature.

Dermatol Online J — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 12:54:18 +0100

We describe a 39-year-old man with a long history of recurrent, tender, erythematous nodules in the axillary and anogenital regions, resulting in abscesses, sinus tract formation, and large areas of scarring. After 21 years of cutaneous disease with concurrent elevated systemic inflammatory markers, the patient was noted to have significant proteinuria. A kidney biopsy and immunostaining revealed deposits of amyloid A. Echocardiogram and electrocardiogram showed ventricular and atrial wall thickening with an appearance consistent with cardiac amyloid deposition. Systemic amyloid A amyloidosis is a serious, but rare, complication of chronic inflammatory disorders, including hidradenitis suppurativa, with potential multi-organ involvement including renal and cardiac manifestations. Amyloid A...

Racial Disparities Likely Reduced By Sickle Cell Anemia Stroke Prevention Efforts

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 08:00:00 +0100

The disparity in stroke-related deaths among black and white children dramatically narrowed after prevention strategies changed to include ultrasound screening and chronic blood transfusions for children with sickle cell anemia, according to research presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference 2012. Before stroke prevention efforts changed in 1998, black children were 74 percent more likely to die from ischemic strokes than white children. This gap is in part due to the increased rates of sickle cell anemia in black children... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Patients With Anemia May Be At More Than Triple The Risk Of Dying After A Stroke

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 08:00:00 +0100

Being anemic could more than triple your risk of dying within a year after having a stroke, according to research presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference 2012. "Among stroke patients, severe anemia is a potent predictor of dying throughout the first year after a stroke," said Jason Sico, M.D., lead researcher and an assistant professor of neurology at Yale University School of Medicine in New Haven, Conn. Anemia is a common condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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What Are the Major Diseases Involving Copper Metabolism?

PediatricEducation.org — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 00:08:49 +0100

Discussion Nutritional problems can occur in all parts of the world and in all socioeconomic strata. Caloric and/or protein inadequacy unfortunately plagues too many people because of inadequate supplies or availability. Supplemental food programs around the world attempt to provide appropriate nutrition, but can be stymied because of war, political instability, economic instability and many other social factors. The most common specific nutrient deficiencies are iron and Vitamin D deficiencies. Minerals important for essential nutrition include copper, iodine, selenium and zinc. A typical mixed diet usually provides enough minerals. In the United States, mineral deficiencies are usually uncommon unless there is an underlying disease process or abnormal food restrictions or diet. Vegan an...

Oxaliplatin: Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and acute renal failure: case report

Reactions — Sun, 05 Feb 2012 18:29:54 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Recombinant erythropoietins: Thrombocytopenia and anaemia secondary to antibody development: case report

Reactions — Sun, 05 Feb 2012 18:29:54 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Iron therapy in patients with chronic kidney disease

Transfusion Alternatives in Transfusion Medicine — Sun, 05 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

SUMMARYIron deficiency, both functional and absolute, is common in patients with chronic kidney disease and in those requiring dialysis. The Renal National Service Framework and National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence advocate treatment of anemia in patients with chronic kidney disease. Oral iron is often both insufficient and slow to improve hemoglobin levels while intravenous supplementation replenishes and maintains iron stores more effectively. This leads to a reduction in the use of erythropoietin stimulating agents. This reduction in erythropoietin stimulating agents use may be potentially beneficial in certain cases in particularly reducing stroke risk. In contrast, intravenous iron has the potential to improve quality of life, reduce cardiovascular risk and produce co...

Anemia triples risk of death after stroke

Health News - UPI.com — Sat, 04 Feb 2012 06:51:10 +0100

NEW HAVEN, Conn., Feb. 4 (UPI) -- Being anemic could triple the risk of dying within a year after having a stroke, said researchers at Yale University School of Medicine in New Haven, Conn. (Source: Health News - UPI.com)

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Gemcitabine in combination with vinorelbine in elderly patients with anthracycline- and taxane-pretreated metastatic breast cancer

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 17:12:25 +0100

Conclusion Gemcitabine in combination with vinorelbine is active and safe in elderly patients with anthracycline- and taxane-pretreated metastatic breast cancer. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00280-012-1830-1Authors Ningning Dong, Key laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Medical Oncology Department, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital & Institute, 52 Fucheng Rd, Beijing, 100142 ChinaMingyu Wang, Chemotherapy Department, Shandong Tumor Hospital and Institute, 440 Jiyan Rd, Jinan, 250117 ChinaHuiqing Li, Epidemiology Department, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, 18877 Jingshi Rd, Jinan, 250062 ChinaYongchun Cui, Clinical Tr...

Antibodies in the Treatment of Aplastic Anemia

Archivum Immunologiae et Therapiae Experimentalis — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 17:10:31 +0100

Abstract Antibodies have been the cornerstone of treatment of acquired aplastic anemia for more than 25 years. Treatment with antithymocyte globulin (ATG) is considered pivotal and the addition of cyclosporine improves the overall response rate. This antibody is heterogeneous and horse ATG is apparently more effective than rabbit ATG. Several issues remain unsolved in relation to the combination of ATG and cyclosporine: cost, toxicity and late clonal disorders. In recent years, alternative immunosuppressive therapy has been proposed and new antibodies have emerged: porcine ATG, alemtuzumab, daclizumab, and rituximab. Experience with these antibodies is limited to a few studies with alemtuzumab being the most promising, but the results are interesting and provocative. ...

Anemia triples risk for death after stroke

HemOncToday.com — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 14:03:00 +0100

(Source: HemOncToday.com)

Livedo reticularis associated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia: prolonged remission induced by peripheral blood stem cell transplantation relapse after 10 years and restoration of hemoglobin levels by rituximab

Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 10:19:07 +0100

A anemia hemolítica autoimune (AHAI) é uma doença na qual são produzidos anticorpos diretamente contra as glicoproteínas adsorvidas na superfície da membrana dos eritrócitos. Algumas medicações e outras associações têm sido implicadas. Descrevemos e discutimos um caso de livedo reticular associado à AHAI tratado com transplante de células-tronco de sangue periférico (TCTSP) e que entrou em total remissão por 10 anos. Após esse período, a paciente apresentou recaída, foi tratada com anticorpo anti-CD20 (rituximabe), e atualmente encontra-se em total remissão. O papel do TCTSP e o uso de rituximabe no tratamento de AHAI serão discutidos neste relato de casoAutoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) is a disease where patients produce antibodies against erythrocytes directed towa...

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Anemia May Boost Death Risk After Stroke

MedicineNet Cancer General — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 07:00:00 +0100

Title: Anemia May Boost Death Risk After StrokeCategory: Health NewsCreated: 2/2/2012 2:06:00 PMLast Editorial Review: 2/3/2012 (Source: MedicineNet Cancer General)

[Original Articles] Relationship Between Depressive Symptoms, Anemia, and Iron Status in Older Residents From a National Survey Population

Psychosomatic Medicine — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Iron deficiency commonly co-occurs with depressive symptoms in older people, although the association with anemia is accounted for by physical health status and may primarily reflect anemia of chronic disease. (Source: Psychosomatic Medicine)

Enhancing Braden pressure ulcer risk assessment in acutely ill adult veterans

Wound Repair and Regeneration — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

This study sought to determine if a parsimonious pressure ulcer (PU) predictive model could be identified specific to acute care to enhance the current PU risk assessment tool (Braden Scale) utilized within veteran facilities. Factors investigated include: diagnosis of gangrene, anemia, diabetes, malnutrition, osteomyelitis, pneumonia/pneumonitis, septicemia, candidiasis, bacterial skin infection, device/implant/graft complications, urinary tract infection, paralysis, senility, respiratory failure, acute renal failure, cerebrovascular accident, or congestive heart failure during hospitalization; patient's age, race, smoking status, history of previous PU, surgery, hours in surgery; length of hospitalization, and intensive care unit days. Retrospective chart review and logistic regression a...

Sickle Cell Anemia Stroke Prevention Efforts May Have Decreased Racial Disparities in Childhood Stroke Deaths

MedlinePlus Health News — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 01:12:32 +0100

Source: American Heart Association Related MedlinePlus Page: Sickle Cell Anemia (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

Anemia May More Than Triple Your Risk of Dying After a Stroke

MedlinePlus Health News — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 00:58:53 +0100

Source: American Heart Association Related MedlinePlus Pages: Anemia, Stroke (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

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Erythrocyte mechanical fragility is increased in patients with type 2 diabetes.

European Journal of Internal Medicine — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 00:27:11 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that patients with type 2 diabetes have a significantly higher erythrocyte mechanical fragility than matched nondiabetic subjects, and that fasting plasma glucose is the strongest correlate of increased mechanical fragility of erythrocytes in this patients group. PMID: 22284245 [PubMed - in process] (Source: European Journal of Internal Medicine)

Anemia as a risk factor for low bone mineral density in postmenopausal Turkish women.

European Journal of Internal Medicine — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 00:27:01 +0100

CONCLUSION: We have found that the presence of anemia was as an independent predictor of LBM for spine after adjusting for body mass index and other confounders in postmenopausal Turkish women. PMID: 22284246 [PubMed - in process] (Source: European Journal of Internal Medicine)

Quick diagnosis units or conventional hospitalisation for the diagnostic evaluation of severe anaemia: A paradigm shift in public health systems?

European Journal of Internal Medicine — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 00:26:51 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: For diagnostic purposes, patients with severe anaemia can be managed similarly in a QDU or in-hospital setting, but the QDU model is more cost-saving than traditional hospitalisation. Most QDU patients preferred the QDU model to hospital admission. PMID: 22284247 [PubMed - in process] (Source: European Journal of Internal Medicine)

Severe anemia potent predictor of death poststroke

theHeart.org — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 22:15:49 +0100

Study results should prompt physicians to take a closer look at what's causing anemia in stroke patients. (Source: theHeart.org)

Severe Anemia Potent Predictor of Death After StrokeSevere Anemia Potent Predictor of Death After Stroke

Medscape Today Headlines — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 21:08:51 +0100

Study results should prompt physicians to take a closer look at what’s causing anemia in stroke patients. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

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Risk Factors for Anemia among Brazilian Infants from the 2006 National Demographic Health Survey

Advances in Pharmacological Sciences — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:35:24 +0100

Iron deficiency is an important public health problem. An understanding of anemia risk factors is essential to informed health policies. We performed a cross-sectional study of 1,382 infants from the 2006 Brazilian National Survey on Demography and the Health of Women and Children. Mild and moderate anemia was characterised by hemoglobin levels below 11.0 and 9.5 g/dL, respectively. Rates for mild and moderate anemia were 25.9% and 9.9%, respectively. The logistic model included three risk factors for mild anemia—urban residence area (OR=2.5; P=0.004), fever in the past 2 weeks (OR=2.4; P<0.001), and age less than 12 months (OR=1.7; P=0.024). Strategies to control infant anemia should include health promotion and nutritional education for families from all socioeco...

Dapsone: Haemolytic anaemia and increased transaminase levels: case report

Reactions — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:34:27 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Sickle cell anemia stroke prevention efforts may have decreased racial disparities

ScienceDaily Headlines — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 14:46:46 +0100

Anemia may more than triple your risk of dying after a stroke

ScienceDaily Headlines — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 14:45:45 +0100

Being anemic could more than triple your risk of dying within a year after having a stroke, according to new research. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)

Anemia May More Than Triple Your Risks of Dying After a Stroke

Medical News (via PRIMEZONE) — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 14:00:00 +0100

NEW ORLEANS, Feb. 2, 2012 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Being anemic could more than triple your risk of dying within a year after having a stroke, according to research presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference 2012. (Source: Medical News (via PRIMEZONE))

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Sickle Cell Anemia Stroke Prevention Efforts May Have Decreased Racial Disparities in Childhood Stroke Deaths

Medical News (via PRIMEZONE) — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 14:00:00 +0100

NEW ORLEANS, Feb. 2, 2012 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The disparity in stroke-related deaths among black and white children dramatically narrowed after prevention strategies changed to include ultrasound screening and chronic blood transfusions for children with sickle cell anemia, according to research presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference 2012. (Source: Medical News (via PRIMEZONE))

Effect of hydroxyurea treatment on renal function parameters: Results from the multi‐center placebo‐controlled baby hug clinical trial for infants with sickle cell anemia

Pediatric Blood and Cancer — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 12:58:40 +0100

ConclusionTreatment with hydroxyurea for 24 months did not influence GFR in young children with SCA. However, hydroxyurea was associated with better urine concentrating ability and less renal enlargement, suggesting some benefit to renal function. (ClinicalTrials.gov number NCT00006400) Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer)

Sickle cell anemia stroke prevention efforts may have decreased racial disparities

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(American Heart Association) The disparity in stroke-related deaths among black and white children dramatically narrowed after prevention strategies changed to include ultrasound screening and chronic blood transfusions for children with sickle cell anemia, according to research presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference 2012. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Anemia may more than triple your risk of dying after a stroke

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(American Heart Association) Being anemic could more than triple your risk of dying within a year after having a stroke, according to research presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference 2012. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

RCTs: Ulipristal acetate for preoperative treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids

NeLM - News — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Source: N Engl J Med Area: News The results of two RCTs examining the efficacy of the progesterone-receptor modulator ulipristal acetate for preoperative treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids have been published in the New England Journal of Medicine. The first study compared the efficacy and safety of oral ulipristal acetate for the treatment of symptomatic uterine fibroids before surgery with placebo in women who experienced excessive uterine bleeding (>100 on pictorial blood-loss assessment chart [PBAC, monthly scores range from 0 to >500, with higher numbers indicating more bleeding]) and anaemia (haemoglobin level of ?10.2 g/dl). They were randomised to treatment for up to 13 weeks with oral ulipristal acetate 5mg/d (n= 96) or 10 mg per day (n= 98) or placebo (...

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Hyperparathyroidism–jaw tumor syndrome

Head and Neck — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionHPT‐JT is a complex syndrome with phenotypic manifestations that can seem physiologically and temporally unrelated. The risk of parathyroid carcinoma is elevated in patients with HPT‐JT, necessitating rapid treatment and complete tumor resection to reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with intractable hypercalcemia due to local recurrence or metastatic disease. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2012 (Source: Head and Neck)

A novel lentiviral vector targets gene transfer into human hematopoietic stem cells in marrow from patients with bone marrow failure syndrome and in vivo in humanized mice

Blood — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, this new LV will facilitate HSC-based gene therapy by directly targeting these primitive cells in BM aspirates or total cord blood. Most importantly, in the future, RDTR/SCF-LVs might completely obviate ex vivo handling and simplify gene therapy for many hematopoietic defects because of their applicability to direct in vivo inoculation. (Source: Blood)

Carriage of encapsulated bacteria in Gabonese children with sickle cell anemia

Clinical Microbiology and Infection — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, carriage and resistance rates are similar in children with and without SCA. Our data provide the basis to guide empiric therapy of invasive diseases caused by S. pneumoniae, S. aureus and H. influenza in children in Gabon. (Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection)

Anemia May Boost Death Risk After Stroke

The Doctors Lounge - Cardiology — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 18:00:00 +0100

Study of men finds the blood disorder affects survival rates up to a year later (Source: The Doctors Lounge - Cardiology)

Non-platinum regimens of gemcitabine plus docetaxel versus platinum-based regimens in first-line treatment of advanced non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis on 9 randomized controlled trials

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 17:10:03 +0100

Conclusions GD acquired similar survival with platinum-based regimens in first-line treatment of advanced NSCLC. Platinum-based regimens had an advantage in TTP and ORR with more grade 3–4 nausea/vomiting, anemia, neutropenia and febrile neutropenia compared with GD. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-11DOI 10.1007/s00280-012-1833-yAuthors Yong Yu, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 1055 SanXiang Road, Suzhou, 215004 ChinaXun Xu, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 1055 SanXiang Road, Suzhou, 215004 ChinaZiyan Du, Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, No. 1055 SanXiang Roa...

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Unilateral nevoid telangiectasias with anemic halos: why aren't they twin spots?

JDDG — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: JDDG)

Copper deficiency has minimal impact on ferroportin expression or function.

Biometals — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Prohaska JR, Broderius M Abstract Interactions between copper and iron homeostasis have been known since the nineteenth century when anemia in humans was first described due to copper limitation. However, the mechanism remains unknown. Intestinal and liver iron concentrations are usually higher following copper deficiency (CuD). This may be due to impaired function of the multicopper oxidases hephaestin or ceruloplasmin (Cp), respectively. However, iron retention could be due to altered ferroportin (Fpn), the essential iron efflux transporter in enterocytes and macrophages. Fpn mRNA is controlled partially by intracellular iron and IRE dependence. CuD should augment Fpn based on iron level. Some argue that Fpn stability is controlled partially by membrane ferroxidase (GPI-...

Known and potential roles of transferrin in iron biology.

Biometals — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Bartnikas TB Abstract Transferrin is an abundant serum metal-binding protein best known for its role in iron delivery. The human disease congenital atransferrinemia and animal models of this disease highlight the essential role of transferrin in erythropoiesis and iron metabolism. Patients and mice deficient in transferrin exhibit anemia and a paradoxical iron overload attributed to deficiency in hepcidin, a peptide hormone synthesized largely by the liver that inhibits dietary iron absorption and macrophage iron efflux. Studies of inherited human disease and model organisms indicate that transferrin is an essential regulator of hepcidin expression. In this paper, we review current literature on transferrin deficiency and present our recent findings, including potential ov...

The Use of Darbepoetin to Stimulate Erythropoiesis in Anemia of Chronic Kidney Disease in Cats: 25 Cases

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical RelevanceDarbepoetin is effective for treatment of anemia of kidney disease in cats. Pure red cell aplasia appears to be less common with darbepoetin than with epoetin usage. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

Evaluation of the diagnostic accuracy of the Haemoglobin Colour Scale to detect anaemia in young children attending primary healthcare clinics in Zanzibar

Tropical Medicine and International Health — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Haemoglobin Colour Scale does not improve the capacity of HCWs to diagnose anaemia in this population. Accuracy is limited by considerable variability in the performances of test operators. However, optimizing the training protocol for those using the test may improve performance. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)

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Recurrent disseminated intravascular coagulation caused by intermittent dosing of rifampin.

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

We describe a patient with Mycobacterium leprae infection who experienced recurrent episodes of disseminated intravascular coagulation after intermittent exposures to rifampin, and review eight previously reported cases of rifampin-associated disseminated intravascular coagulation. In six (75%) cases, previous exposure to rifampin was reported and seven (87.5%) patients were receiving the medication on an intermittent or interrupted basis. Clinical features of rifampin-associated disseminated intravascular coagulation included fever, hypotension, abdominal pain, and vomiting within hours of ingestion. Average time to reaction was 3-6 doses if rifampin was being administered on a monthly schedule. Three (37.5%) of eight reported cases were fatal. A complete history of previous exposure to r...

Acquired Hemophilia A in a Patient with Essential Thrombocythemia.

Acta Haematologica — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mori N, Totsuka K, Ishimori N, Yoshinaga K, Teramura M, Noguchi S, Oda H, Motoji T Abstract A 69-year-old woman with essential thrombocythemia (ET) developed giant ecchymosis, and she was admitted to hospital. Marked anemia (Hb 8.1 g/dl) accompanied by a prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (89.6 s) was observed, and she received red blood cells (RBC) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP). On day 2 after admission, consciousness disturbance suddenly occurred, whereas computed tomography of the brain showed no evidence of bleeding. As the ecchymosis progressed, she developed shock. Although RBC and FFP transfusions were administered, she developed multi-organ failure and died 48 h after admission. Low factor VIII activity (<1%) accompanied by factor VIII inhibitor (17...

Transient Aplastic Crisis in Hereditary Elliptocytosis

Indian Journal of Pediatrics — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 16:47:54 +0100

Abstract Hereditary Elliptocytosis is a heterogeneous group of disorder with regard to clinical presentation, protein defects and mode of inheritance. Parvoviral induced transient aplastic crisis in the form of sudden onset anemia is said to be a rare manifestation of this hereditary hemolytic anemia. The authors describe a case of parvoviral induced transient aplastic crisis in a patient with hereditary elliptocytosis and review the pathogenic mechanisms of parvoviral hemolytic disease. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical BriefPages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s12098-012-0684-1Authors Prasanna K. Kapavarapu, Department of Pediatrics, St. John’s Medical College and Hospital, St. John’s National Academy of Health Sciences, Sarjapur Road, Bangalore, IndiaAmal Paul, Depa...

Endocrine phenotype of children and adults with Fanconi anemia

Pediatric Blood and Cancer — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsWe have evaluated in detail children and adults with FA for their growth and endocrine function. Overall, 79% of children and adults with FA had one or more endocrine abnormality. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer)

Severe fetal and neonatal hemolytic anemia due to a 198 kb deletion removing the complete β‐globin gene cluster

Pediatric Blood and Cancer — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

We report and define a 198 kb deletion removing the entire β‐globin gene cluster, which was found in members of a multigeneration family of Irish/Scottish descent. The proband had life‐threatening fetal and neonatal hemolytic anemia which subsided by 1 year of age. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer)

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Effects of non contact low‐frequency ultrasound on healing of suspected deep tissue injury: a retrospective analysis

International Wound Journal — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of non contact low‐frequency ultrasound on the healing of suspected deep tissue injury (SDTI). Participants were adults ranging in age from 28 to 93 years old, with multiple diagnoses including anaemia, diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Data were examined retrospectively on 85 patients (intervention group = 43 and non intervention group = 42) with 127 SDTI (intervention group = 64 and non intervention group = 63). Participants in both groups received standard of care for treating pressure ulcers. A severity score was used to assess SDTI severity before treatment and healing/progression after treatment. This scale measures surface area, wound colour/tissue assessment, and skin integrity with potential scores of 3 to 18 (higher sc...

Evaluation of iron deficiency anaemia in tertiary hospital settings – room for improvement?

Internal Medicine Journal — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Almost 1 in 2 patients with IDA were not documented as undergoing GI endoscopy. More intense guideline promulgation, improved endoscopy access and ongoing practice audits are required to improve endoscopy rates. (Source: Internal Medicine Journal)

Effects of Exercise Training on Red Blood Cell Production: Implications for Anemia.

Acta Haematologica — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Hu M, Lin W Abstract Exercise training can increase total Hb and red cell mass, which enhances oxygen-carrying capacity. The possible underlying mechanisms are proposed to come mainly from bone marrow, including stimulated erythropoiesis with hyperplasia of the hematopoietic bone marrow, improvement of the hematopoietic microenvironment induced by exercise training, and hormone- and cytokine-accelerated erythropoiesis. Anemia is one of the most common medical conditions in chronic disease. The effects of exercise training on counteracting anemia have been explored and evaluated. The results of the research available to date are controversial, and it seems that significant methodological limitations exist. However, exercise training might be a promising, additional, safe an...

Short-term risk of anemia following initiation of combination antiretroviral treatment in HIV-infected patients in countries from sub-Saharan Africa, Asia-Pacific, and Central and South America

Journal of the International AIDS Society — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: In data from 34 cohorts of HIV-infected patients from sub-Saharan Africa, Central and South America, and Asia, the risk of anaemia within 12 months of initiating cART was moderate. Routine haemoglobin monitoring was recommended in patients at risk of developing anaemia following cART initiation. (Source: Journal of the International AIDS Society)

Analysis of polymorphisms of TNF‐α, LT‐α, IL‐10, IL‐12 and CTLA‐4 in patients with warm autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

Clinical and Laboratory Haematology — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 22:04:02 +0100

Conclusion: In this study, no significant differences on the frequency of TNF‐α, IL‐10, IL‐12 and CTLA‐4 polymorphisms between patients with AIHA and controls was found, suggesting that the targeted polymorphisms do not influence on the emergence and evolution of the disease. However, the LT‐α +252 polymorphism might have an effect for AIHAI development, suggesting that further studies are necessary to clear up this question. (Source: Clinical and Laboratory Haematology)

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Comparison of gel column, card, and cartridge techniques for dog erythrocyte antigen 1.1 blood typing.

American Journal of Veterinary Research — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 12:45:38 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-The card agglutination assay and immunochromatographic cartridge method, performed by trained personnel, were suitable for in-clinic emergency DEA 1.1 blood typing. There may be errors, particularly for samples from dogs with IMHA, and the immunochromatographic cartridge method may have an advantage of allowing typing of samples with persistent autoagglutination. The laboratory gel-based method would be preferred for routine DEA 1.1 typing of donors and patients if it is available and time permits. Current DEA 1.1 typing techniques appear to be appropriately standardized and easy to use. PMID: 22280380 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Veterinary Research)

Fatal idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis in association with pregnancy – Medico-legal evaluation

Journal of Forensic and Legal Medicine — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 08:18:44 +0100

Abstract: Idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis is a rare disorder characterised by repeated episodes of intra-alveolar bleeding in association with consecutive anaemia, pulmonary fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension and respiratory failure. Pregnancy may exacerbate the symptoms of idiopathic pulmonary haemosiderosis typically worsening in the third trimester. A 32-year-old female after delivery was admitted to hospital with progressive dyspnoea of about 1-month duration. Sudden circulatory collapse caused fatal complication. During the post-mortem investigation, lung haemorrhage and histologically abundant iron deposition in macrophages and interstitial fibrosis were found. Medico-legal post-mortem evaluation of fatal cases may support the clinico-pathological context of the diagnosis of this e...

A 14-Year-Old Boy with Chronic Cyanosis, Mild Anemia, and Limited Physical Resistance to Stress [Clinical Case Study]

Clinical Chemistry — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Clinical Chemistry)

British teen Stacey Irvine hospitalized after eating nothing but chicken nuggets for 15 years

Health News: CBSNews.com — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 20:01:32 +0100

Teen diagnosed with anemia; eating same food meal after meal - known as food jags - more common in younger children (Source: Health News: CBSNews.com)

Pathology of sickle cell disease

Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:38:41 +0100

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a hereditary chronic hemolytic anemia with numerous clinical consequences. Intravascular sickling of red blood cells leads to multiorgan dysfunction. Although the pathophysiology of SCD has been well studied, there remains a lack of effective treatment. Refinements in overall care have improved quality of life; however, premature death is still not uncommon. SCD usually presents in childhood and is common in areas where malaria is (or was) common. The association with malaria is apparently of benefit to the individual because these individuals tend to contract a milder form of the disease. This review highlights the spectrum of pathology seen in people with SCD, with an emphasis on the pathogenesis of sudden death. (Source: Seminars in Diagnostic Pathology)

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Tumor Suppressor Function of RAD51C [Molecular Bases of Disease]

Journal of Biological Chemistry — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

RAD51C, a RAD51 paralog, has been implicated in homologous recombination (HR), and germ line mutations in RAD51C are known to cause Fanconi anemia (FA)-like disorder and breast and ovarian cancers. The role of RAD51C in the FA pathway of DNA interstrand cross-link (ICL) repair and as a tumor suppressor is obscure. Here, we report that RAD51C deficiency leads to ICL sensitivity, chromatid-type errors, and G2/M accumulation, which are hallmarks of the FA phenotype. We find that RAD51C is dispensable for ICL unhooking and FANCD2 monoubiquitination but is essential for HR, confirming the downstream role of RAD51C in ICL repair. Furthermore, we demonstrate that RAD51C plays a vital role in the HR-mediated repair of DNA lesions associated with replication. Finally, we show that RAD51C participat...

Effect of mean arterial pressure, haemoglobin and blood transfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass on post-operative acute kidney injury

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion. Intraoperative avoidance of the extremes of anaemia, especially during severe hypotension and avoidance of transfusion in patients with haemoglobin levels >8 g/dL (>5 mmol/L) may help decrease AKI in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and represent targets for future controlled interventions. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)

Higher hemoglobin level is associated with subtle declines in renal function and presence of cardiorenal risk factors in early CKD stages

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion. Hemoglobin concentration may be slightly higher across subtle declines in renal function and the presence of cardiorenal risk factors in early CKD stages. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)

Pharmacists' interventions in the management of patients with chronic kidney disease: a systematic review

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions. The evidence of pharmacists’ interventions in patients with chronic kidney disease is sparse, of variable quality and with heterogeneous outcomes. On the basis of best available evidence, pharmacists’ interventions may have a positive impact on outcomes of patients with chronic kidney disease. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)

Altered carnitine metabolism in dialysis patients with reduced physical function may be due to dysfunctional fatty acid oxidation

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion. Our data revealed that longer acyl chain length significantly predicts poorer physical function and worsened anemia, and this data supports our proposed mechanism, which may lead to increased understanding of altered carnitine metabolism in hemodialysis patients. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)

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Diabetes Mellitus in Centenarians

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionDiabetes mellitus is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and mortality but is seen in persons who live into very old age. Aside from higher rates of anemia and use of more medications, few clinical correlates of DM were observed in centenarians. (Source: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society)

Metabolic Complications in Elderly Adults with Chronic Kidney Disease

Journal of the American Geriatrics Society — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionElderly adults with CKD are at risk for anemia, hyperkalemia, acidosis, and hyperphosphatemia; age does not modify the relationship between GFR and development of metabolic complications. Elderly adults with low GFR should be monitored for metabolic complications, regardless of age. (Source: Journal of the American Geriatrics Society)

Role of gel test and flow cytometry in diagnosis of Coombs’ negative autoimmune haemolytic anaemia

Clinical and Laboratory Haematology — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:23:08 +0100

Conclusion: Flow cytometry is more sensitive than GT for assessing CTT‐DAT‐negative AIHA. We propose that FC percent fluorescence cut‐off values should be employed to determine the Coombs’ negative AIHA cases. (Source: Clinical and Laboratory Haematology)

Comparison of anemia between pregnant and non-pregnant adolescents in the Gaza Strip

Journal of Public Health — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 16:45:37 +0100

Conclusion Approximately one of three female students in the studied group was diagnosed as anemic. The study showed that anemia existed among female students before conception, and pregnancy did not increase anemia in adolescents, which is partly due to the different WHO standards. This data shows the need for a public health program concerning prevention. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s10389-012-0489-8Authors Amin Hamad, Al-Azhar University, Gaza, Palestinian National AuthorityMarwan O. Jalambo, Ministry of National Economy, Gaza, Palestinian National AuthorityYehia Abed, Al-Quds University, Al-Quds, Israel Journal Journal of Public HealthOnline ISSN 1613-2238Print ISSN 0943-1853 (Source: Journal of Public Health)

Parenteral versus oral iron therapy for adults and children with chronic kidney disease.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 08:18:08 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The included studies provide strong evidence for increased ferritin and transferrin saturation levels, together with a small increase in haemoglobin, in patients with CKD who were treated with IV iron compared with oral iron. From a limited body of evidence, we identified a significant reduction in ESA requirements in patients treated with IV iron, and found no significant difference in mortality. Adverse effects were reported in only 50% of included studies. We therefore suggest that further studies that focus on patient-centred outcomes are needed to determine if the use of IV iron is justified on the basis of reductions in ESA dose and cost, improvements in patient quality of life, and with few serious adverse effects. PMID: 22258974 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cochr...

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Preoperative blood transfusions for sickle cell disease.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 08:18:08 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: While in general, conservative therapy appears to be as effective as aggressive therapy in preparation for surgery in people with sickle cell disease, further research is needed to examine the optimal regimen for different surgical types, and to address whether preoperative transfusion is needed in all surgical situations. PMID: 22258951 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)

Adenocarcinoma in the jejunal pouch after proximal gastrectomy for early stage upper gastric cancer: report of a case

Surgery Today — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 06:44:04 +0100

Abstract An 84-year-old male was admitted to a local clinic suffering from general fatigue with associated anemia, and therefore was referred to our hospital. His medical history included a proximal gastrectomy with the formation of a jejunal pouch as a reconstructive treatment for early upper gastric cancer at 78 years of age (6 years prior). A type 2 tumor located in the jejunal pouch almost completely surrounded by small intestinal mucosa was demonstrated by gastrointestinal endoscopy. The biopsy specimens showed a moderately differentiated tubular adenocarcinoma. Computed tomography showed no lymphadenopathy or hepatic metastases. A resection of the residual stomach and jejunal pouch was performed. Based on the histological findings from the resected specimen,...

Ovine malignant theileriosis: The status of antioxidant vitamins, serum lipid profile, lipid peroxidation and erythrocyte antioxidant defense

Comparative Clinical Pathology — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 06:44:01 +0100

In conclusion, the antioxidant defense of the RBCs has a considerable role to prevent the occurrence of anemia in malignant ovine theileriosis. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00580-012-1419-4Authors S. Nazifi, Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranS. M. Razavi, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranE. Rakhshandehroo, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranR. Sadoughifar, Department of Pathobiology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, IranM. Sharifian, Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran Journal C...

[Evaluation of clinical and demographic characteristics and their association with length of hospital stay in patients admitted to cardiac intensive care unit with the diagnosis of acute heart failure.]

Anadolu Kardiyol Der... — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Underlying cardiovascular risk factors, comorbidities and precipitating pathologies were diverse and highlighted the inhomogeneous characteristics of AHF syndromes. However, in-hospital mortality was high and initial clinical presentation characteristics were significantly associated with in-hospital outcome. PMID: 22281792 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anadolu Kardiyol Der...)

Anemia in Critical Illness: Insights into Etiology, Consequences and Management.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Hayden SJ, Albert TJ, Watkins TR, Swenson ER Abstract Anemia is common in the intensive care unit (ICU), and may be associated with adverse consequences. However, current options for correcting anemia are not without problems and presently lack convincing efficacy for improving survival in critically ill patients. In this article we will review normal red blood cell (RBC) physiology, etiologies of anemia in the ICU , its association with adverse outcomes, and the risks, benefits, and efficacy of various management strategies, including blood transfusion, erythropoietin, blood substitutes, iron therapy, and minimization of diagnostic phlebotomy. PMID: 22281832 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine)

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Cavefish: A Study in Evo-Devo (interview)

ActionBioscience — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Why are cavefish a good example of evo-devo? The blind Mexican cavefish is one of the few species that has an ancestor on the surface and a descendent in caves. Jeffery: Scientists study all kinds of organisms in evolutionary developmental biology, but when I started working in the evo-devo field, I decided that in order to understand how development evolved, we would have to look at two closely related species that have diverged recently [developed in separate directions] or to look at the same species in the process of divergence. I looked around for models, and I found several of them. One of them happened to be in caves, and the species is called Astyanax mexicanus, the blind Mexican cavefish. This cave organism is one of the few in which the acknowledged ancestor is still present on...

Mannose-binding lectin (MBL2) gene polymorphism in sickle cell anemia: an Egyptian study

Comparative Clinical Pathology — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 18:13:50 +0100

Abstract Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited disorder of sickle hemoglobin affecting millions of people worldwide. The current study aimed at detecting the prevalence of MBL2 exon-1(codons 52, 54, and 57) and promoter region (-221, X/Y) genetic polymorphisms in Egyptian children with SCD to clear out its possible role as a genetic risk factor for susceptibility to vaso-occlusive crisis (VOC) and/or infections. Genotyping of exon-1 and the promoter region was done by polymerase chain reaction for 50 SCD patients and 50 healthy controls. The frequency of MBL2 promoter polymorphism was 32% for the heteromutant genotype, Y/X and 8% for the homomutant genotype, and X/X with no statistical difference in the distribution of the mutant genotypes between SCD patients and cont...

Is there a role for targeted therapies in the collecting ducts of Bellini carcinoma? Efficacy data from a retrospective analysis of 7 cases

Clinical and Experimental Nephrology — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 18:13:47 +0100

Conclusions This investigation shows that targeted agents are safe, displaying some degree of activity in CDCs: therefore, they could be considered as an alternative in patients not eligible to chemotherapy regimens. Further studies including biomarkers as predictive factors of tumour biology and clinical features are required to improve the management of this challenging disease. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s10157-012-0589-3Authors Giuseppe Procopio, Oncology Unit 1, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori Milano, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, ItalyElena Verzoni, Oncology Unit 1, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori Milano, Via Venezian 1, 20133 Milan, ItalyRoberto Iacovelli, Department of Oncology, Sapienza Uni...

Neonatal Screening of Sickle Cell Anemia: A Preliminary Report

Indian Journal of Pediatrics — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 18:13:21 +0100

Conclusions Early detection of sickle cell disease (SS) done by neonatal screening will help in early prevention and management of complications in postnatal period. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s12098-011-0682-8Authors Sumanta Panigrahi, Department of Pediatrics, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College and Dr. B.R.A.M. Hospital, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, IndiaPredeep Kumar Patra, Department of Biochemistry, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, IndiaPrafulla Kumar Khodiar, Department of Biochemistry, Pt. J.N.M. Medical College, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India Journal Indian Journal of PediatricsOnline ISSN 0973-7693Print ISSN 0019-5456 (Source: Indian Journal of Pediatrics)

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An Operational Study on Implementation of Mobile Primary Healthcare Services for Seasonal Migratory Farmworkers, Turkey

Maternal and Child Health Journal — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 18:09:10 +0100

This study, conducted in Şanlıurfa, Turkey, between March 2008 and April 2009, examined multiple stages of MPHS implementation in both a permanent settlement (336 children aged 5 and under; 580 women of reproductive age) and a working settlement (85 living units; 217 children and 257 women). The stages included: (1) identifying the problem, (2) identifying a potential solution and a quasi-experimental study to evaluate the effect of intervention, (3) utilizing and disseminating results to stakeholders, and (4) implementing sustainable MPHS county-wide. Rates of selected outcome measures, including full childhood and tetanus vaccination, phenylketonuria screening, and safer usage of pesticides, iodine salt, and sanitary toilet facilities, increased significantly following the interv...

Management of Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: From Academic Guidelines to Clinical Practice

Current Hematologic Malignancy Reports — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 18:05:35 +0100

Abstract Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are clonal disorders characterized by excessive production of mature cells. In most of the classic Philadelphia-negative MPNs—polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and MPN-associated myelofibrosis (MPN-MF)—oncogenic mutations affecting JAK2 or MPL lead to constitutive activation of cytokine-regulated intracellular signalling pathways. The traditional therapy for PV and ET is the prevention of thrombotic events with antiproliferative agents in association with aspirin. New drugs such as pegylated interferon and anti-JAK agents are candidates for slowing the evolution to myelofibrosis or leukemia. Conventional therapy for MPN-MF is driven by clinical needs, primarily anemia and splenomegaly. Lenalidomide and ...

Patients and partners lack knowledge of androgen deprivation therapy side effects.

Urologic Oncology — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: The lack of awareness of ADT side effects may partially explain why ADT currently results in significant decreases in the quality of life of patients and their partners. Patients uninformed about side effects do not engage in behaviors to prevent or reduce the risk of adverse effects. Improved efforts to educate patients about treatment side effects and coping strategies may result in improved psychosocial and physical health for CaP patients undergoing ADT. PMID: 22285008 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Urologic Oncology)

Hereditary ovarian cancer: Beyond the usual suspects.

Gynecologic Oncology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 23:31:04 +0100

Authors: Pennington KP, Swisher EM Abstract In the past, hereditary ovarian carcinoma was attributed almost entirely to mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2, with a much smaller contribution from mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes. Recently, three new ovarian cancer susceptibility genes have been identified: RAD51C, RAD51D, and BRIP1. In addition, germline mutations in women with ovarian carcinoma have been recently identified in many of the previously identified breast cancer genes in the Fanconi anemia (FA)-BRCA pathway. While mutations in genes other than BRCA1 and BRCA2 are each individually rare, together they make up a significant proportion of cases. With at least 16 genes implicated in hereditary ovarian cancer to date, comprehensive testing for ovarian cancer risk will require...

CD8+ T-Cell Deficiency, Epstein-Barr Virus Infection, Vitamin D Deficiency, and Steps to Autoimmunity: A Unifying Hypothesis

International Journal of Photoenergy — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 18:18:57 +0100

CD8+ T-cell deficiency is a feature of many chronic autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, psoriasis, vitiligo, bullous pemphigoid, alopecia areata, idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, type 1 diabetes mellitus, Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, myasthenia gravis, IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, and pernicious anaemia. It also occurs in healthy blood relatives of patients with autoimmune diseases, suggesting it is genetically determined. Here it is proposed that this CD8+ T-cell deficiency underlies the development of chronic autoimmune dise...

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Functional Echocardiographic Assessment of Myocardial Performance in Anemic Premature Infants: A Pilot Study

Pediatric Cardiology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 18:09:39 +0100

In this study, 32 anemic premature infants had serial echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular (LV) systolic performance, LV preload, and afterload immediately before, within 48 h, and up to 120 h after the transfusion of pRBCs. Pretransfusional evaluations also were compared with similar assessments of 71 nonanemic inpatient premature infants analogous for sex, gestational age at birth, and postnatal age. Left ventricular systolic performance was estimated from fractional shortening, LV output, and LV myocardial performance index (LVMPI). The LV preload was estimated from the LV end-diastolic dimension and the ratio of left atrium-to-aortic root dimension (LA/Ao ratio). The LV afterload was estimated from end-systolic wall stress. The LVMPI was found to decrease wi...

Immunosuppressive Therapy in Aplastic Anemia

Indian Journal of Pediatrics — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 12:27:02 +0100

Conclusions The treatment of aplastic anemia in pediatric patients is a challenging task. One third of the patients achieved overall response which included both complete and partial response. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s12098-012-0691-2Authors Vineeta Gupta, Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 IndiaAkash Kumar, Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 IndiaVijai Tilak, Department of Pathology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, IndiaIsha Saini, Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 IndiaBaldev Bhatia, Depar...

Unstable hemoglobin Rush [beta 101(G3) Glu>Gln, HBB:c.304G>C] in a Brazilian family with moderate hemolytic anemia

Annals of Hematology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 12:25:50 +0100

Abstract Hemoglobin Rush is an unstable variant generated by a mutation of the β-globin gene which causes amino acid replacement Glu>Gln in the central cavity of hemoglobin (G3). Many members of a Brazilian family of Italian descent have hemoglobin Rush. This is the second report in world literature. Clinical and laboratory features were retrieved and gene mutation was characterized. Hemoglobin electrophoresis, gene sequencing, and restriction fragment length polymorphism with Hpy188I were used to characterize it. In 13 affected members, hemoglobin ranged from 9.3 to 13.0 g/dL and reticulocyte count up to 12.8%. The intensity of hemolysis appeared to be linked to increased stress. The mutation was proved to be HBB:c.304G>C, beta 101(G3) Glu>Gln. Heterozygous ...

Rare case of hemolytic uremic syndrome associated with only one transient low platelet count

Journal of Hematopathology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:54:05 +0100

We report a second case of a young 18-year-old girl presenting with HUS and normal platelet counts. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportPages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s12308-011-0130-8Authors Kalpita Hatti, Rochester General Hospital Internal Medicine Residency Program, 1425 Portland avenue, Rochester, NY 14621, USAMaria Rojas, Rochester General Hospital, 1425 Portland avenue, Rochester, NY 14621, USAPeter Kouides, Rochester General Hospital, Mary M. Gooley Hemophilia Center, Hemophilia Thrombosis Research Society, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Roswell Park Memorial Cancer Institute, 1425 Portland avenue, Rochester, NY 14621, USA Journal Journal of HematopathologyPrint ISSN 1868-9256 (Source: Journal of Hematopathology)

The impact of ferritin fluctuations on stable hemoglobin levels in hemodialysis patients

Clinical and Experimental Nephrology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:30:47 +0100

Conclusion Iron storage varies over a relatively wide range in HD patients, and this variation is closely associated with Hb cycling. The stability of iron storage and ESA dosage is important for maintaining stable Hb levels. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s10157-011-0584-0Authors Mana Yahiro, Division of Kidney and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, JapanTakahiro Kuragano, Division of Kidney and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, JapanAritoshi Kida, Division of Kidney and Dialysis, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nish...

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Evolutionary medicine and chronic inflammatory state—known and new concepts in pathophysiology

Journal of Molecular Medicine — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 06:54:52 +0100

Abstract During the last 10 years, a series of exciting observations has led to a new theory of pathophysiology using insights from evolutionary biology and neuroendocrine immunology to understand the sequelae of chronic inflammatory disease. According to this theory, disease sequelae can be explained based on redirection of energy-rich fuels from storage organs to the activated immune system. These disease sequelae are highly diverse and include the following: sickness behavior, anorexia, malnutrition, muscle wasting–cachexia, cachectic obesity, insulin resistance with hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia, increase of adipose tissue near inflamed tissue, alterations of steroid hormone axes, elevated sympathetic tone and local sympathetic nerve fiber loss, decreased paras...

Clinical evaluation of iron treatment efficiency among non-anemic but iron-deficient female blood donors: a randomized controlled trial

BMC Medicine — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Iron treatment has no significant effect on fatigue symptoms or aerobic capacity in non-anemic blood donors with iron deficiency, suggesting that these donors would not clinically benefit from iron supplementation therapy. (Source: BMC Medicine)

Weekly paclitaxel as a single agent or in combination with carboplatin or weekly topotecan in patients with resistant ovarian cancer: the CARTAXHY randomized phase II trial from Groupe d'Investigateurs Nationaux pour l'Etude des Cancers Ovariens (GINECO)

Annals of Oncology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Combination chemotherapy in platinum-resistant ROC was more toxic than weekly paclitaxel and did not significantly prolong PFS. (Source: Annals of Oncology)

Transfusion burden in non-dialysis chronic kidney disease patients with persistent anemia treated in routine clinical practice: a retrospective observational study

BMC Nephrology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

This study describes the proportion of patients transfused, units of blood transfused and trigger-hemoglobin (Hb) levels for transfusions in severe anemic, ND-CKD patients in routine practice. Methods: A retrospective cohort study of electronic medical record data from the Henry Ford Health System identified 374 adult, ND-CKD patients with severe anemia (Hb (Source: BMC Nephrology)

Rhabdomyolysis: Not a Textbook Case

The American Journal of Medicine — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 23:45:01 +0100

A 21-year-old gravida 2, para 1, woman at 34 weeks' gestation with a history of iron deficiency anemia presented to the hospital with lower-extremity numbness, tingling, and weakness, resulting in falls. Vital signs were unremarkable, with the physical examination significant for diminished lower-extremity strength and intact sensation. Laboratory assessment was notable for hemoglobin of 9.5 g/dL, potassium of 2.2 mmol/L, magnesium of 1.81 mg/dL, phosphorus of 3.0 mg/dL, calcium of 8.2 mg/dL, glucose of 91 mg/dL, creatine kinase of 11,089 U/L, albumin of 1.1 g/dL, and thyroid-stimulating hormone of 2.5 mIU/L. Further laboratory evaluation revealed a mild respiratory alkalosis (pH 7.43, PaCO2 34 mm Hg, and bicarbonate 23 mmol/L), serum osmolality of 279 mOsm/kg, urine pH of 7.0, urine osmol...

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Medicinal Plants Used by Various Tribes of Bangladesh for Treatment of Malaria

Clinical and Developmental Immunology — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 11:22:21 +0100

The objective of the present study was to conduct an ethnomedicinal survey among various tribes of Bangladesh to identify the plants that they use for treatment of the disease. Surveys were conducted among seven tribes, namely, Bawm, Chak, Chakma, Garo, Marma, Murong, and Tripura, who inhabit the southeastern or northcentral forested regions of Bangladesh. Interviews conducted with the various tribal medicinal practitioners indicated that a total of eleven plants distributed into 10 families were used for treatment of malaria and accompanying symptoms like fever, anemia, ache, vomiting, and chills. Leaves constituted 35.7% of total uses followed by roots at 21.4%. Other plant parts used for treatment included barks, seeds, fruits, and flowers. A review of the published scientific l...

Antibodies to anti-thymocyte globulin in aplastic anemia patients have a negative impact on hematopoietic SCT

Bone Marrow Transplantation — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: C M Jol-van der Zijde, R G M Bredius, A M Jansen-Hoogendijk, F J Smiers, A C Lankester & M J D van Tol (Source: Bone Marrow Transplantation)

Clinicopathological Variables Predicting Progression of Azotemia in Cats with Chronic Kidney Disease

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsProteinuria, anemia, and hyperphosphatemia may reflect more progressive kidney disease. Alternatively, they may be markers for mechanisms of progression such as tubular protein overload, hypoxia, and nephrocalcinosis. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

ACUTE center for eating disorders

Journal of Hospital Medicine — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

DISCUSSION:Patients with this degree of severe malnutrition due to eating disorders are medically complex and relatively uncommon. Regionalized subspecialty centers of excellence, in which a multidisciplinary team is led by practitioners of hospital medicine who have developed expertise in a rare condition, may improve clinical outcomes, optimize healthcare resources, and provide unique professional and academic opportunities for the clinicians involved. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2012;. © 2012 Society of Hospital Medicine (Source: Journal of Hospital Medicine)

The efficacy and toxicity of SIOP preoperative chemotherapy in Malawian children with a Wilms tumour

Pediatric Blood and Cancer — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionPreoperative chemotherapy for Wilms tumour causes considerable haematological toxicity and treatment‐related mortality in malnourished Malawian children. A significant number of children have unresectable disease despite preoperative chemotherapy. To reduce treatment related mortality, consideration should be given to starting treatment with reduced doses in acutely malnourished patients. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer)

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Catamenial Pneumothorax Due to Bilateral Pulmonary Endometriosis.

Respiratory Care — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

We present a case of catamenial pneumothorax due to bilateral pulmonary endometriosis in a 45 year-old woman. The patient presented with a 3-year history of intermittent productive cough with blood-tinged sputum, chronic anemia, loss of appetite and general weakness associated with menstruation. Three years prior to this presentation the patient had undergone a sigmoidectomy as treatment for endometriosis of the sigmoid colon with bleeding. Chest radiographs and computer tomography (CT) scan revealed multiple nodules in both lung parenchyma and recurrent pneumothorax. CT-guided biopsy revealed chronic inflammation of those pulmonary nodules and laboratory studies disclosed elevated serum levels of CA19-9 and CA-125. Thoracoscopic wedge resection of the pulmonary nodules was performed and h...

Mass drug administration significantly reduces infection of Schistosoma mansoni and hookworm in school children in the national control program in Sierra Leone

BMC Infectious Diseases — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Significant reduction in S. mansoni and hookworm infection was achieved by this first round MDA in school-going children in Sierra Leone. This reduction in infection burden can potentially contribute to a reduction of morbidity, such as anaemia, in these children. (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)

Defective erythroid maturation in gelsolin mutant mice.

Haematologica — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions. In BALB/c mice, gelsolin deficiency alters the erythrocyte actin polymerization/depolymerization equilibrium, causing impaired terminal maturation. We suggest a non-redundant role for gelsolin in terminal erythroid differentiation, possibly contributing to the Gsn-/- mice lethality observed in mid gestation. PMID: 22271892 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Haematologica)

Regulation of Rev1 by the Fanconi anemia core complex

Nature Structural and Molecular Biology — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Hyungjin Kim, Kailin Yang, Donniphat Dejsuphong & Alan D D'Andrea (Source: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology)

Practical aspects of metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer management: patient case studies

BJU International — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 12:44:18 +0100

• Interactive case studies formed a key feature of the third annual Interactive Genitourinary Cancer Conference held in April/May 2011 in Budapest, Hungary. These cases were used to discuss the practical aspects of the management of metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Particular emphasis was placed on audience participation with potential management options posed as interactive questions to the delegates. This paper summarises these case studies and the related discussion.• Docetaxel is the standard first‐line chemotherapeutic agent for patients with mCRPC and, until recently, second‐line therapeutic options were limited. Results from the recently completed TROPIC trial showed a statistically and clinically significant improvement in overall survival with...

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On the relevance of outpatient intravenous iron therapy for anemia management

Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 22:10:14 +0100

(Source: Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia)

Cytogenetics, JAK2 and MPL mutations in polycythemia vera, primary myelofibrosis and essential thrombocythemia

Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 22:10:14 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that karyotyping for JAK2 and MPL mutations is useful in the diagnosis of myeloproliferative neoplasms. The precise pathogenetic contribution of these alterations is still unclear. However, this study adds more information about the pathophysiology of polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia and primary myelofibrosis (Source: Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia)

Karyotypic and fluorescent in-situ hybridization study of the centromere of chromosome 7 in secondary myeloid neoplasms

Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 22:10:14 +0100

CONCLUSION: This study enhances the importance of cytogenetic analysis of patients at the time of diagnosis of secondary myeloid neoplasms (Source: Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia)

Efficacy and safety of intravenous iron sucrose in treating adults with iron deficiency anemia

Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 22:10:14 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our data confirm that the use of intravenous iron sucrose is a safe and effective option in the treatment of adult patients with iron deficiency anemia who lack satisfactory response to oral iron therapy. Intravenous iron sucrose is well tolerated and with a clinically manageable safety profile when using appropriate dosing and monitoring. The availability of intravenous iron sucrose would potentially improve compliance and thereby reduce morbidities from iron deficiency (Source: Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia)

Intravenous iron therapy: how far have we come?

Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 22:10:14 +0100

Oral iron supplementation is usually the first choice for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia (IDA) because of its effectiveness and low cost. But unfortunately in many iron deficient conditions, oral iron is a less than the ideal treatment mainly because of adverse events related to the gastrointestinal tract as well as the long course required to treat anemia and replenish body iron stores. The first iron product for intravenous use was high-molecular-weight iron dextran. However, dextran-containing intravenous iron preparations are associated with an elevated risk of anaphylactic reactions, which made physicians reluctant to prescribe intravenous iron in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia for many years. In 1999 and 2001, two new intravenous iron preparations (ferric gluconate ...

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Thymoma followed by aplastic anemia: two different responses to immunosuppressive therapy

Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 22:10:14 +0100

Aplastic anemia is an uncommon complication of thymoma and is extremely infrequent after the surgical removal of a thymic tumor. Aplastic anemia is a result of marrow failure and is characterized by peripheral pancytopenia and severely depressed marrow cellularity; it may be an autoimmune manifestation of thymoma. As thymoma-associated hematological dyscrasias, which include pure red cell aplasia, aplastic anemia and myasthenia gravis, are supposed to be of immunologic origin, two cases of very severe aplastic anemia following the resection of lymphocytic thymomas treated with immunosuppression are herein presented (Source: Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia)

Acute promyelocytic leukemia presenting as an extradural mass

Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 22:10:14 +0100

We describe a case of an unusual presentation of acute promyelocytic leukemia. A 53 year-old male was admitted complaining of pain and weakness in his legs. He presented at examination a spastic paraparesis with a sensitive level at the eighth thoracic medullar (T8) segment. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a posterolateral extradural mass from T6 through T8 segments with medullar compression. A complete blood count showed anemia, thrombocytopenia and the presence of promyelocytes and blasts. Marrow examination was compatible with the diagnosis of acute promyelocytic leukemia by cytogenetics and polymerase chain reaction for the PML-RARα gene. He was treated with all-trans-retinoic acid therapy plus daunorubicin and presented an all-trans-retinoic acid syndrome. Despite hematological rem...

Exodontia in patient with Gaucher's disease

Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 22:10:14 +0100

XmnI polymorphism frequency in heterozygote beta thalassemia subjects and its relation to Fetal hemoglobin levels

Revista Brasileira de Hematologia e Hemoterapia — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 22:10:14 +0100

Molecular analysis of the β‐globin gene cluster haplotypes in a Sudanese population with sickle cell anaemia

Clinical and Laboratory Haematology — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 21:58:25 +0100

Conclusion: βS Haplotyes were demonstrated successfully from dried blood samples. A new haplotype is apparent in Sudan, in addition to the four African haplotypes. (Source: Clinical and Laboratory Haematology)

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Colorectal cancer screening practise is influenced by ethnicity of medical practitioner and patient

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 20:47:39 +0100

Conclusions: Considerable differences existed in GPs' CRC screening practises. Indications for use of FOBT and the subsequent investigation of a positive FOBT also varied according to GPs' ethnicity, independent of medical training. Patient's ethnicity and associated language and cultural barriers may affect screening uptake, which may negatively affect the health of immigrants. Resources and culture‐specific interventions are recommended to improve overall screening participation. (Source: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology)

Baseline Anemia Is Not a Predictor of All-Cause Mortality in Outpatients With Advanced Heart Failure or Severe Renal Dysfunction: Results From the Norwegian Heart Failure Registry

Journal of the American College of Cardiology — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 13:57:13 +0100

Conclusions: According to our study, baseline anemia was not an independent predictor of all-cause mortality in outpatients with heart failure and accompanied severe renal dysfunction or advanced heart disease. Sustained anemia after optimizing heart failure treatment might imply worse prognosis independently of renal function and New York Heart Association functional class. (Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology)

Electrocardiographic findings in sickle cell cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy

Clinical Autonomic Research — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 07:05:34 +0100

Conclusion Electrocardiographic features consistent with atrio-ventricular and ventricular repolarization abnormalities are associated with CAN in sickle cell anaemia. Further studies are required to evaluate the prognostic implications of these findings in sickle cell patients with cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Research ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s10286-011-0156-0Authors N. I. Oguanobi, Department of Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, NigeriaE. C. Ejim, Department of Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, NigeriaB. C. Anisiuba, Department of Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, NigeriaB. J. C. Onwubere, Department of Medicine, University of Nigeria Teaching ...

research paperTransfer of 4‐hydroxynonenal from parasitized to non‐parasitized erythrocytes in rosettes.Proposed role in severe malaria anaemia

British Journal of Haematology — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, 4‐HNE transfer from pRBCs to npRBCs in rosettes is suggested to play a role in the phagocytic removal of large numbers of npRBCs, the hallmark of severe malaria anaemia. (Source: British Journal of Haematology)

Evaluation of concentration and storage effects of mitomycin C in the diagnosis of Fanconi anemia among idiopatic aplastic anemia patients

Indian Journal of Human Genetics — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The study indicates that freshly made MMC stress test provides an unequivocal means of differentiation between FA and "idiopathic" aplastic anemia. Further, the study, the first of its kind from Iran, stresses on the need for conducting this test in all aplastic anemia cases, even those without congenital anomalies, for accurate and timely diagnosis of FA to implement appropriate therapy. (Source: Indian Journal of Human Genetics)

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Haptoglobin polymorphism among the tribal groups of southern Gujarat

Indian Journal of Human Genetics — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Pattern of allele frequency distribution showed preponderance of Hp 2 allele in all the eight tribal groups, which is in accordance with its frequency in different populations of Indian subcontinent. Total average heterozygosity (H T ) was found to be low (0.160) but the level of genetic differentiation (G ST ) was found to be moderately high (5.6%). AMOVA analysis indicated least among group variance between west and south Indian populations (-0.04%) indicating the affinities of the tribes of Gujarat with that of Dravidian speaking groups. Analysis of Hp phenotypes among sickle cell anemia/ trait individuals revealed a high frequency of Hp 0-0 phenotype (92.7%) among SS individuals as opposed to only 9.7% among AS individuals, reaffirming the selec...

A comparative study of hematological parameters of α and β thalassemias in a high prevalence zone: Saudi Arabia

Indian Journal of Human Genetics — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion : MCV and RBC counts are not statistically significant features for discriminating between α and β thalassemias. There is need for development of a discrimination index to differentiate between α and β thalassemias traits on the lines of discriminatory Indices available for distinguishing β thalassemias trait from iron deficiency anemia. (Source: Indian Journal of Human Genetics)

Congestive heart failure in the elderly: Comparison between reduced ejection fraction and preserved ejection fraction.

Journal of Cardiology — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: These results suggest that anemia is one of the important risk factors for HFPEF in the very elderly. PMID: 22266459 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Cardiology)

Current management and therapeutical perspectives in thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura.

Presse Medicale — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Coppo P, Veyradier A Abstract Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a particular form of thrombotic microangiopathy typically characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, profound peripheral thrombocytopenia, and a severe deficiency of the von Willebrand factor-cleaving protease ADAMTS13 (acronym for A Disintegrin And Metalloproteinase with ThromboSpondin-1 motifs [13th member of the family]). ADAMTS13 deficiency is usually severe (<10% of normal activity) and results from autoantibodies directed to ADAMTS13 (acquired TTP) or from biallelic mutations of the encoding gene. In some cases, acquired TTP occurs in association with specific conditions that must be identified for appropriate management: a HIV infection, a connective tissue disease, a pregnancy, a...

Molecular Link between Intravascular Hemolysis and Vascular Occlusion in Sickle Cell Disease.

Current Vascular Pharmacology — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Zhou Z, Yee DL, Guchhait P Abstract Intravascular hemolysis is a major component of anemia in sickle cell disease (SCD). Plasma extracellular hemoglobin (ECHb) liberated by intravascular hemolysis has deleterious effects on the vasculature. ECHb scavenges nitric oxide (NO) and promotes the pathogenesis of several clinical events including pulmonary hypertension, priapism and non-hemorrhagic strokes. ECHb reduces the bioavailability of NO which down-regulates platelet activation, leading to platelet aggregation and vascular clot formation. Recently we have identified an additional mechanism whereby increased hemolysis can lead to a prothrombotic state in SCD by increasing the activity of von Willebrand factor (VWF), a multimeric plasma glycoprotein secreted by the endotheli...

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Plasma methemoglobin as a potential biomarker of anemic stress in humans.

Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: A negative correlation was observed between the change in Hb and MetHb in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and cardiopulmonary bypass. These data support the previously unreported hypothesis that MetHb may be a marker of anemic stress associated with reduced tissue perfusion during acute hemodilution in humans. Further prospective studies are needed to determine if these changes in MetHb are linked to adverse outcomes in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. PMID: 22271507 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Canadian Journal of Anaesthesia)

Red blood cell alloimmunization in sickle cell anemia: more questions than answers?

Transfusion — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 01:19:47 +0100

Authors: Campbell-Lee SA PMID: 22239207 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Transfusion)

Comparative Efficacy of Three Forms of Parenteral Iron

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 12:25:10 +0100

Intravenous iron therapy is a useful treatment for the rapid correction of iron deficiency anaemia and can be used to avoid or reduce the requirement for allogeneic blood transfusion. Several intravenous iron preparations are available commercially which differ in cost, mode of administration and side effect profile. There are few data directly comparing the efficacy of these preparations. In this retrospective single-centre study, we present the results from two hundred and eight patients treated using three different iron preparations (iron dextran, iron sucrose and ferric carboxymaltose) and compare the effect on haemoglobin levels and other measures of iron deficiency six weeks after treatment. Within the limitations of our study design, we show a statistically and clinically significa...

Interferon-gamma induced nitric oxide-mediated apoptosis of anemia of chronic disease in rheumatoid arthritis

Rheumatology International — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 06:53:39 +0100

In conclusion, IFN-γ could induce nitric oxide production–mediated apoptosis process, which might be involved in the pathogenesis of ACD in RA patients. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00296-011-2307-yAuthors Wasinee Kheansaard, Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road Salaya, Phutthamonthon 4, Nakhonpathom, 73170 ThailandSumana Mas-oo-di, Department of Clinical Microscopy, Faculty of Medical Technology, Mahidol University, 999 Phutthamonthon 4 Road Salaya, Phutthamonthon 4, Nakhonpathom, 73170 ThailandSurasak Nilganuwong, Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Nakhonpathom, ThailandDalina I. Tanyon...

Effectiveness and safety of pemetrexed-based doublet versus pemetrexed alone as second-line treatment for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 06:53:35 +0100

Conclusion Pemetrexed-based doublet therapy didn’t gain any benefit in survival but significantly improved PFS and better ORR compared with single-agent pemetrexed as second-line therapy for advanced non-small-cell lung cancer. However, more incidences of grade 3 or 4 neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and leucopenia were observed in pemetrexed-based doublet group. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00432-012-1155-9Authors Wei-Xiang Qi, Department of Oncology, The Sixth People Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233 ChinaLi-Na Tang, Department of Oncology, The Sixth People Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200233 ChinaAi-Na He, Department of Oncology, The Sixth People Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong...

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Central venous oxygen saturation is a good indicator of altered oxygen balance in isovolemic anemia

Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionThe results of this study show that ScvO2 reflects changes of VO2/DO2 in isovolemic anemia better than Hb alone, therefore it may be used as an additional indicator of blood transfusion in clinical practice. (Source: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica)

Toxicities, dose reduction and delay of docetaxel and paclitaxel chemotherapy in breast cancer without distant metastases

Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The patients in the ACP group experienced more frequent peripheral neuropathy (P=0.025), nausea (P=0.033) than those in the TAC group. Febrile neutropenia was significant in TAC (P=0.001). Increasing age was associated with an increased risk of anemia (P=0.004), fatigue (P=0.009) and pain (P=0.003), and a decreasing body mass index was associated with an increased risk of febrile neutropenia (P=0.009). Dose reduction and delay occurred due to febrile neutropenia and an increase in aspartate aminotransferase (AST)/alanine aminotransferase (ALT). The dose reduction was only significant in the TAC group (P= 0.001). A taxane-based regimen should be chosen for breast cancer patients based on the pharmacokinetics, dosing schedule, clinical activity and toxicity profile that best meet...

Velaglucerase Alfa for the Management of Type 1 Gaucher Disease.

Clinical Therapeutics — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Although a minimal amount of data are available for this relatively new biological agent, velaglucerase alfa reportedly is effective in the achievement and maintenance of therapeutic goals in type 1 GD in both treatment-naive and patients previously treated with imiglucerase. This agent has been reasonably well tolerated in clinical trials and may be considered for use in symptomatic patients with type 1 GD. PMID: 22264444 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Therapeutics)

The New FDA Labeling for ESA--Implications for Patients and Providers.

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Manns BJ, Tonelli M Abstract Recent clinical trials comparing the use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents targeting low (generally a hemoglobin of 90-115 g/L) and near-normal hemoglobin targets (generally a hemoglobin >130 g/L) in patients with chronic kidney disease have shown no improvements in clinical outcomes (aside from a small reduction in transfusion) and potential harm for erythropoiesis-stimulating agents use targeting near-normal hemoglobin targets. Based on these results, the US Food and Drug Administration recently released modified recommendations for more conservative dosing of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents in patients with CKD. These recommendations now stress individualizing therapy for each patient and using the lowest possible erythropoiesis-stim...

Erythropoietic Stimulating Agents and Quality of a Patient's Life: Individualizing Anemia Treatment.

Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Kliger AS, Fishbane S, Finkelstein FO Abstract Erythropoietic stimulating agents (ESAs) such as erythropoietin have been used for decades to treat the anemia of CKD. Clinical practice guidelines suggest target hemoglobin levels >10 g/dl, and average Hb levels have risen from 9.6 to 12.0 g/dl. Several studies have shown trends for higher mortality and myocardial infarction, higher BP, increased vascular access thrombosis, and strokes in patients treated to target Hb ≥13 g/dl. Patients with profound anemia suffer from symptoms of fatigue, poor energy, weakness, and shortness of breath. Such symptoms reported directly by patients, or patient-reported outcomes (PROs), may be a valuable tool to target ESA treatment in anemic CKD patients. Studies show that improvements in ...

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Docetaxel and Cisplatin plus Fluorouracil compared with modified docetaxel, Cisplatin, and 5-Fluorouracil as first-line therapy for advanced gastric cancer: a retrospective analysis of single institution.

Neoplasma — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 04:30:02 +0100

In conclusion, the response rate, median PFS and median OS are similar in both arms, while the mDCF regimen are more favorable than the DCF for toxicity profile regimen in advanced gastric cancer patients who were undergoing first-line palliative treatment. Therefore, a prospective and larger clinical trials are needed. Keywords: advanced gastric cancer, docetaxel, cisplatin, fluorouracil. PMID: 22248282 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Neoplasma)

Erythropoietin biosimilars currently available in hematology-oncology

Targeted Oncology — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 06:58:59 +0100

Abstract The discovery of epoietin (EPO) and the cloning of its gene facilitated the understanding of the mechanism of control behind red blood cell formation. This cloning was followed by the commercial development of recombinant human EPO (rHuEPO). The use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) (epoietin, ESA, EPO) is important for the treatment of anemia in patients with chronic renal failure and cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced anemia. After several years of discussions, debates and questions, ESA, intravenous iron and blood transfusions seem to have finally found their respective indications in the treatment of anemia in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Now, a new question arises: What is the role of ESA biosimilars? Content Type Journal Artic...

Assessment of the nutritional issues contained in high school biology textbooks

Revista Paulista de Pediatria — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 06:37:28 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The insertion of nutritional education in the academic curriculum and the periodical review of nutrition-related issues presented in the textbooks may help the prevention of health problems among children and youth. (Source: Revista Paulista de Pediatria)

Diabetes, HIV and other health determinants associated with absenteeism among formal sector workers in Namibia

BMC Public Health - Latest articles — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Both NCD risk factors and infectious diseases are associated with increased rates of short-term absenteeism of formal sector employees in Namibia. Programs to manage these conditions could help employers avoid costs associated with absenteeism. These programs could include basic health care insurance including regular wellness screenings. (Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles)

Maternal sepsis: a Scottish population-based case-control study.

BJOG : An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Obesity, operative vaginal delivery and age <25 years are significant risk factors for sepsis and should be considered in clinical obstetric care. PMID: 22251396 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: BJOG : An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology)

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Maternal sepsis: a Scottish population‐based case–control study

BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Obesity, operative vaginal delivery and age <25 years are significant risk factors for sepsis and should be considered in clinical obstetric care. (Source: BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology)

Pre-ischemic Targeting of HIF Prolyl Hydroxylation Inhibits Fibrosis associated with Acute Kidney Injury.

Am J Physiol Renal P... — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Kapitsinou PP, Jaffe J, Michael M, Swan CE, Duffy KJ, Erickson-Miller CL, Haase VH Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) due to ischemia is an important contributor to the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Key mediators of cellular adaptation to hypoxia are oxygen-sensitive hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF), which are regulated by prolyl-4-hydroxylase domain (PHD)-containing dioxygenases. While activation of HIF protects from ischemic cell death, HIF has been shown to promote fibrosis in experimental models of CKD. The impact of HIF activation on AKI-induced fibrosis has not been defined. Here we investigated the impact of pharmacologic HIF activation on AKI-associated fibrosis and inflammation. We found that pharmacologic inhibition of HIF prolyl hydroxylation prior...

Cabazitaxel: Anaemia, leucopenia and fatigue: 2 case reports

Reactions — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 19:08:18 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Ceftriaxone: Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia and renal failure in a child: case report

Reactions — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 19:08:18 +0100

(Source: Reactions)