MedWorm: Anorexia

Celia Imrie interview: 'It kills me to think what I put my mother through...'

Telegraph Health — Sat, 20 Mar 2010 18:17:04 +0100

As she prepares for a play about a child who is bipolar, actress Celia Imrie tells Olga Craig about her own teenage struggle with anorexia. (Source: Telegraph Health)

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Families around the table: multifamily therapy for adosescent anorexia nervosa (2010-04-12)

Institute of Psychiatry | Events — Fri, 19 Mar 2010 18:02:05 +0100

An abstract will follow shortly (Source: Institute of Psychiatry | Events)

NF-{kappa}B Activation in Hypothalamic Pro-opiomelanocortin Neurons Is Essential in Illness- and Leptin-induced Anorexia [Neurobiology]

Journal of Biological Chemistry — Fri, 19 Mar 2010 13:36:04 +0100

Anorexia and weight loss are prevalent in infectious diseases. To investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying these phenomena, we established animal models of infection-associated anorexia by administrating bacterial and viral products, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and human immunodeficiency virus-1 transactivator protein (Tat). In these models, we found that the nuclear factor-B (NF-B), a pivotal transcription factor for inflammation-related proteins, was activated in the hypothalamus. In parallel, administration of LPS and Tat increased hypothalamic pro-inflammatory cytokine production, which was abrogated by inhibition of hypothalamic NF-B. In vitro, NF-B activation directly stimulated the transcriptional activity of pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), a precursor of anorexigenic melanocortin,...

The undue influence of shape and weight on self-evaluation in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and restrained eaters: a combined ERP and behavioral study.

Psychological Medicine — Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: ED patients associate shape/weight concerns with the non-appearance-related SE domains of interpersonal relationships and achievement/performance. These associations seem to be encoded deeper in BN patients relative to the other groups. Links between shape/weight and SE explain how body dissatisfaction impacts on self-esteem and mood in ED. The existence of similar associations in restrained eaters supports a continuum model according to which increasing associations between shape/weight and SE go along with increasing levels of ED symptoms. PMID: 20236572 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Psychological Medicine)

Case 8-2010 -- A 22-Year-Old Woman with Hypercalcemia and a Pelvic Mass

New England Journal of Medicine — Wed, 17 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

A 22-year-old woman was admitted to this hospital because of hypercalcemia and a pelvic mass. One month before admission, abdominal pain developed, followed by abdominal fullness, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, polydipsia, and nocturia. A computed tomographic scan of the pelvis showed a complex right adnexal mass. The serum calcium level was 17.2 mg per deciliter. A diagnostic procedure was performed. (Source: New England Journal of Medicine)

Acquired combined nutritional deficiency presenting as psoriasiform dermatitis

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 14:28:14 +0100

To the Editor: Nutritional deficiency, a prevalent problem worldwide, remains rare in developed countries. In the United States, acquired nutritional deficiencies have been reported in patients with anorexia nervosa, malabsorption syndromes, those on long-term parenteral nutrition, and patients with food allergies. Given the significant morbidity and sometimes mortality associated with certain nutritional deficiencies, their prompt recognition, diagnosis, and treatment by clinicians is of great importance. Many nutritional deficiencies have classic cutaneous presentations that are valuable clinical diagnostic tools. However, combined nutritional deficiencies often put forth a mixed clinical picture easily mistaken for another condition. There is a paucity of reports of cutaneous presentati...

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Voluntary wheel running is beneficial to the amino acid profile of lysine-deficient rats.

American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Nagao K, Bannai M, Seki S, Kawai N, Mori M, Takahashi M Rats voluntarily run up to a dozen kilometers per night when their cages are equipped with a running wheel. Daily voluntary running is generally thought to enhance protein turnover. Thus, we sought to determine whether running worsens or improves protein degradation caused by a lysine-deficient diet and whether it changes the utilization of free amino acids released by proteolysis. Rats were fed a lysine-deficient diet and were given free access to a running wheel or remained sedentary (control) for four weeks. Amino acid levels in plasma, muscle and liver were measured, together with plasma insulin levels and tissue weight. The lysine-deficient diet induced anorexia, skeletal muscle loss and serine and threonine aminoaci...

Consider the cause of anorexia when treating elderly patients

Drugs — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 14:14:55 +0100

(Source: Drugs)

Scorpion Venom and the Inflammatory Response

Mediators of Inflammation — Sun, 14 Mar 2010 15:59:10 +0100

Scorpion venoms consist of a complex of several toxins that exhibit a wide range of biological properties and actions, as well as chemical compositions, toxicity, and pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics. These venoms are associated with high morbility and mortality, especially among children. Victims of envenoming by a scorpion suffer a variety of pathologies, involving mainly both sympathetic and parasympathetic stimulation as well as central manifestations such as irritability, hyperthermia, vomiting, profuse salivation, tremor, and convulsion. The clinical signs and symptoms observed in humans and experimental animals are related with an excessive systemic host inflammatory response to stings and stings, respectively. Although the pathophysiology of envenomation is compl...

Colonic carcinoid tumors: a clinicopathologic study of 23 patients from a single institution

Arquivos de Gastroenterologia — Sat, 13 Mar 2010 14:23:58 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Carcinoid tumors of the colon are frequently right-sided and may be clinically occult until an advanced stage is reached. Based on the relatively poor survival rates reported, it is recommended that, in addition to standard surgical resection, vigorous surveillance for metastatic disease must be performed, particularly during the first 2 years after surgery. In addition, these patients require evaluation of the entire gastrointestinal tract for evidence of coexisting malignancy, along with an extended period of follow-up, because tumor recurrences after 5 years are not uncommon.CONTEXTO: Carcinóides cólicos, excluindo aqueles que se originam no apêndice cecal, são extremamente raros. Devido a esta raridade, as características e comportamento desta neoplasia permanecem ind...

Dyspepsia as an adverse effect of drugs

Best Practice & Research. Clinical Gastroenterology — Sat, 13 Mar 2010 14:21:57 +0100

Drugs are frequently implicated as a possible cause in new onset dyspeptic symptoms and few drugs are free of this suspicion. Nausea, anorexia, abdominal pain and dyspepsia make up between one-tenth and one-third of reported adverse reactions but they are all so common, both in the background population and among patients, that they are frequently attributed to an illness rather than to medications. No symptom or clinical sign is pathognomonic for adverse drug effects, maybe with the exception of vomiting. Dyspepsia is a common reporting in placebo-arms of treatment trials. Owing to the high background incidence of dyspepsia, it is difficult to discern between spontaneous and true drug-related dyspepsia. The mechanisms by which a drug causes dyspepsia are often unknown even though some dr...

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Symptom Burden in Hospitalized Patients With Cancer in Kuwait and the Need for Palliative Care.

The American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Alshemmari S, Ezzat H, Samir Z, Sajnani K, Alsirafy S We conducted this study to describe the symptom burden among hospitalized patients with cancer in a Kuwaiti cancer center. Twenty physical symptoms were assessed in 45 patients with cancer. The majority (82%) of patients had an advanced incurable cancer and 42% were receiving best supportive care only. The median number of symptoms per patient was 6.4 +/- 2.8. The most common symptoms were pain (82%), weakness/fatigue (80%), anorexia (67%), weight loss (49%), and dyspnea (42%). Pain was the most distressing symptom in 31% of patients, followed by dyspnea (24%) and weakness/fatigue (11%). The high prevalence of advanced disease and the demonstrated high symptom burden mandate the initiation and development of culturally sens...

Is Sexual Anorexia the Flip Side of Sex Addiction?

NYT > Health — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 15:17:29 +0100

Dr. Drew Pinsky addresses the issue of sexual anorexia, or avoidance of sex and intimacy. (Source: NYT > Health)

Comparison of combination chemotherapy with irinotecan and cisplatin regimen administered every 2 or 4 weeks in pretreated patients with unresectable or recurrent gastric cancer: retrospective analysis

International Journal of Clinical Oncology — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 02:42:07 +0100

Conclusion Irinotecan plus cisplatin chemotherapy administered on a biweekly regimen was comparable in efficacy to a 4-weekly regimen and might be more feasible than the 4-weekly regimen. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10147-010-0054-9Authors Takeshi Sakamoto, Shizuoka Cancer Center Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun Shizuoka 411-8777 JapanHirofumi Yasui, Shizuoka Cancer Center Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun Shizuoka 411-8777 JapanNarikazu Boku, Shizuoka Cancer Center Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho, Sunto-gun Shizuoka 411-8777 JapanYusuke Onozawa, Shizuoka Cancer Center Division of Gastrointest...

Oral Infection of Weanling Foals with an Equine Isolate of Lawsonia intracellularis, Agent of Equine Proliferative Enteropathy

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Equine proliferative enteropathy (EPE) is an emerging disease of weanling foals. Describe clinical, hematologic, biochemical, serologic, molecular, and ultrasonographic findings in foals experimentally infected with Lawsonia intracellularis. Eight foals. Recently weaned foals were assigned to either the challenge (n = 3), the sentinel (n = 3), or the control (n = 2) group. Foals were experimentally challenged via intragastric inoculation of 3 × 1010L. intracellularis organisms grown in culture. Each experimentally infected foal was housed with a sentinel foal in order to assess feco-oral transmission. All foals were monitored daily for the development of clinical abnormalities and were weighed once weekly for the duration of the study (90 days). Abdominal ultrasound examination was perfor...

Palliative Care from the Beginning of Treatment for Advanced Pancreatic Cancer. Highlights from the "2010 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium". Orlando, FL, USA. January 22-24, 2010.

JOP — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 20:50:03 +0100

Authors: Lazenby JM, Saif MW Palliative care ought to be offered at the initiation of treatment for people who are diagnosed with pancreatic cancer, given the poor relative survival rate and the intractable symptom profile of those who have this life-limiting disease. In this article, we argue that palliative treatment of people with pancreatic cancer is not found in extending survival, but rather, in promoting quality of life. This argument is made by reviewing the literature on the state of palliative care in pancreatic cancer and by summarizing key studies presented at the "2010 ASCO Gastrointestinal Cancers Symposium" held in Orlando, FL, USA on January 22-24, 2010. The studies discussed here include: i) a study of a random sample of 564 patients with pancreatic cancer that found t...

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Establishing a cancer nutrition rehabilitation program (CNRP) for ambulatory patients attending an Australian cancer center

Supportive Care in Cancer — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 16:02:19 +0100

Conclusion A CNRP may be beneficial for patients with advanced cancer and the ACS, but identification of patients who are likely to stay on the program is needed. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00520-010-0834-9Authors Paul Glare, MSKCC New York NY USAWendy Jongs, RPAH Camperdown NSW AustraliaBill Zafiropoulos, RPAH Camperdown NSW Australia Journal Supportive Care in CancerOnline ISSN 1433-7339Print ISSN 0941-4355 (Source: Supportive Care in Cancer)

10 Tips to Ease Concerns About Your Weight

Psych Central — Tue, 09 Mar 2010 19:57:38 +0100

Given the focus on weight by the health establishment, the government and the media, it is not surprising that many people in this country are anxiously asking the same question. And there is no shortage of recommendations out there directing people to lose weight with this or that diet, lifestyle program or eating regimen. Unfortunately, the research over the last 25 years is quite clear. There is simply no evidence that any of these approaches results in long-term weight loss for the vast majority of people who engage in them. There are no exceptions and none of the approaches (low fat, low calorie, low carb, etc.) work any better than any of the others. Even more unfortunately however, this complete lack of evidence does not stop people from being seduced into trying to lose weight with...

The management of pneumothorax in patients with anorexia nervosa: A case report and review of the literature.

Patient Safety in Surgery — Tue, 09 Mar 2010 12:30:03 +0100

We report herein a case of a pneumothorax in a patient with severe AN, in which standard approaches to manage the pneumothorax were unsuccessful. Despite prolonged tube thoracostomy drainage, and subsequent thoracoscopic pleuredesis, the patient continued to have an air leak and non-resolution of her pneumothorax. We review the literature and discuss alternative approaches in this patient population. PMID: 20205853 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Patient Safety in Surgery)

Randomized Phase II Multicenter Trial of Two Schedules of Lapatinib as First- or Second-Line Monotherapy in Patients with Advanced or Metastatic Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Clinical Cancer Research — Tue, 09 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Lapatinib was well tolerated, with no notable difference in toxicity between treatment groups. Lapatinib monotherapy did not induce a significant number of tumor regressions in NSCLC. Further studies may be warranted to determine whether lapatinib is active in combination with other agents in the treatment of NSCLC. Clin Cancer Res; 16(6); 1938-49. PMID: 20215545 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Cancer Research)

Phase I/II Study of the Src Inhibitor Dasatinib in Combination With Erlotinib in Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer [Thoracic Oncology]

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Mon, 08 Mar 2010 23:01:30 +0100

Conclusion The combination of erlotinib and dasatinib is tolerable, with adverse effects consistent with the two agents. Disease control and inhibition of plasma angiogenesis markers were observed. Personalized strategies for deployment of SFK should receive further attention. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

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Iatrogenic Hyperammonemia After Anorexia [Clinical Observation]

Archives of Internal Medicine — Mon, 08 Mar 2010 20:50:40 +0100

High-protein dietary supplements were started for 2 patients, who had a period of anorexia before hospital admission but no history of liver disease. Subsequent altered mental status with ataxia developed in both patients. After excluding other causes, hyperammonemia was noted, while liver function test results remained normal. Removal of the high-protein dietary supplements led to reversal of symptoms and normalization of the ammonia level. With the ubiquity of nutrition supplement use outside of liver failure, SHAKE (supplement-associated hyperammonemia after c[k]achetic episode) syndrome may be commonplace in modern hospitals. (Source: Archives of Internal Medicine)

Sex Differences in Subacute Toxicity and Hepatic Microsomal Metabolism of Triptolide in Rats.

Toxicology — Mon, 08 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Liu L, Jiang Z, Liu J, Huang X, Wang T, Liu J, Zhang Y, Zhou Z, Guo J, Yang L, Chen Y, Zhang L Triptolide, a major active component of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F (TWHF), has multiple pharmacological activities. However, its clinical use is often limited by its severe toxicity. In the present study, we evaluated the oral toxicity of triptolide in Sprague-Dawley rats for 28 days at the dosages of 0, 200 and 400mug/kg/day [0], respectively. Significant difference in the toxicity of triptolide at 400mug/kg was found between different sexes. The triptolide-treated female rats showed many abnormalities, including anorexia, diarrhea, leanness, suppression of weight gain and food intake, fatty liver, splenomegaly, and atrophy of ovaries. In contrast, no such abnormalities were obse...

Role of 5-Ht(1a) receptors in fluoxetine-induced lordosis inhibition.

Hormones and Behavior — Mon, 08 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Guptarak J, Sarkar J, Hiegel C, Uphouse L The selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), fluoxetine (Prozac(R)), is an effective antidepressant that is also prescribed for other disorders (e.g. anorexia, bulimia, and premenstrual dysphoria) that are prevalent in females. However, fluoxetine also produces sexual side effects that may lead patients to discontinue treatment. The current studies were designed to evaluate several predictions arising from the hypothesis that serotonin 1A (5-HT(1A)) receptors contribute to fluoxetine-induced sexual dysfunction. In rodent models, 5-HT(1A) receptors are potent negative modulators of female rat sexual behavior. Three distinct experiments were designed to evaluate the contribution of 5-HT(1A) receptors to the effects of fluoxetine. I...

The 5-HTTLPR polymorphism and eating disorders: A meta-analysis

International Journal of Eating Disorders — Sat, 06 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Eating disorders are influenced by both environmental factors and genes. The 5-HTTLPR polymorphism of serotonin transporter gene has been suggested as a good candidate. This meta-analysis was undertaken: (1) to investigate the association between 5-HTTLPR and eating disorders considered as a whole, including anorexia (AN), bulimia (BN), and binge eating disorder (BED); (2) to extend recently reported findings on the association between 5-HTTLPR and AN-BN.PubMed, ISI, and PsycINFO databases were searched for studies published until October 2009. Fifteen studies have been included. Data were analyzed with the Cochrane Collaboration Review Manager Software. Quality of studies and publication bias were assessed.An association between S allele and eating disorders, in particular AN, has been fo...

Stauffer's Syndrome as a Prominent Manifestation of Renal Cancer

Kidney Cancer Association — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 14:34:38 +0100

A 36-year-old presents with 6-month history of anorexia, 20-kg weight loss, fatigue, malaise, and notable isolated elevation of cholestatic liver enzymes.03/04/2010 (Source: Kidney Cancer Association)

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Growth Impairment in a Boy with Late-Onset Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia and Anorexia Nervosa1

Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology and Diabetes — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 14:22:41 +0100

Exp Clin Endocrinol DiabetesDOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1248309AbstractTreatment of congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) in its salt-wasting form with appropriate doses of glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids should promote growth, puberty and final height in a similar to normal pattern. However, the individual requirements for these drugs to normalize the hormonal profile and to achieve a physiologic growth pattern may differ. Moreover, the time of onset of puberty is also unpredictable since the course of the disease may predispose for precocity. The aim of this study was to explain the unexpected arrest of growth during puberty in a boy with late-onset CAH, who had been treated with glucocorticoid from early childhood. A short course of GnRH agonist treatment was also introduced in later year...

Gastroduodenal Ulceration Associated with Radioembolization for the Treatment of Hepatic Tumors: An Institutional Experience and Review of the Literature

Digestive Diseases and Sciences — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 08:05:04 +0100

Conclusions The increasing utilization of radioembolization will lead to adverse events including gastroduodenal ulceration. This entity must be considered in any patient treated with radioactive microspheres presenting with symptoms of dyspepsia. Accurate diagnosis and aggressive treatment are necessary to improve patient outcomes. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ReviewDOI 10.1007/s10620-010-1156-yAuthors Steven Naymagon, Mount Sinai School of Medicine Department of Medicine One Gustave Levy Place New York NY 10029 USARichard R. P. Warner, Mount Sinai School of Medicine Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology One Gustave Levy Place New York NY 10029 USAKalpesh Patel, Mount Sinai School of Medicine Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterolo...

Stalking the Diagnosis

New England Journal of Medicine — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

A 58-year-old woman presented to her primary care physician after several days of dizziness, anorexia, dry mouth, increased thirst, and frequent urination. She had also had a fever and reported that food would "get stuck" when she was swallowing. She reported no pain in her abdomen, back, or flank and no cough, shortness of breath, diarrhea, or dysuria. (Source: New England Journal of Medicine)

The clinical features of EDNOS: Relationship to mood, health status and general functioning.

Eating Behaviors — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 20:22:06 +0100

CONCLUSION: EDNOS patients are generally no less clinically impaired than those with BN. However AN patients may be more impaired in some aspects of general functioning compared with BN or EDNOS patients. PMID: 20188298 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Eating Behaviors)

Correlation of BDNF blood levels with interoceptive awareness and maturity fears in anorexia and bulimia nervosa patients

Journal of Neural Transmission — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 10:02:22 +0100

Abstract Association studies and rodent models suggest a major role for BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor) in feeding regulation. Altered BDNF blood levels have been associated with eating disorders (ED) and their related psychopathological traits. Since the influence of BDNF on self-reported eating disorder inventory scores (EDI) has not been tested, we investigated the correlation of EDI scales with BDNF plasma levels. BDNF levels were measured by (ELISA), and the EDI questionnaire was administered in a total of 81 ED patients. The relationship between BDNF levels and EDI scores was calculated using a general linear model. After correcting for multiple testing, BDNF plasma levels negatively correlated with the EDI total score (R 2 = 0.26; p = 4....

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I'm no longer dying to be anorexic

Daily Express - Health — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONSTANCE Barter wants to work in the financial sector when she's older. Not only does she have a head for figures she also loves writing and hopes to study English at university. At the age of 17 she has already had a book published. For Constance the future looks bright. (Source: Daily Express - Health)

Estimation of renal function in patients with eating disorders

International Journal of Eating Disorders — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Renal function could be evaluated with different equations such as Cockcroft-Gault formula (C-G), Mayo Clinic Quadratic (MAYO) and four MDRD variables. Clinical application of different formulae in conditions with severe energy restriction or in obese subjects is still a matter of investigation.Renal function of 55 anorexia nervosa (AN) and 44 bulimia nervosa (BN) patients was evaluated with C-G formula for creatinine clearance calculation, and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated with MAYO and MDRD equations.BN group was older and had higher weight, body mass index (BMI), body surface area than AN subjects; however, their mean BMI was in the normal range. AN group had better renal function than BN one when it was evaluated with MAYO and MDRD; on the contrary, it was worse when i...

Randomized trial of adjunctive topiramate therapy in infants with refractory partial seizures

Neurology — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 21:00:03 +0100

Conclusion: In infants aged 1–24 months, topiramate 5, 15, or 25 mg/kg/d was not effective as adjunctive treatment for refractory partial-onset seizures. No new safety concerns associated with topiramate use were noted. Classification of evidence: This interventional study provides Class I evidence that topiramate 5, 15, or 25 mg/kg/d compared with placebo does not significantly reduce seizure rates in infants aged 1 month to 2 years with refractory partial-onset seizures. (Source: Neurology)

Simultaneous Hodgkin's disease and kaposi sarcoma in a renal transplant recipient.

Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Yaich S, Zagdane S, Charfeddine K, Hssairi D, Hachicha J A 38-year-old women underwent first cadaver kidney transplantation. Her panel re-active antibody was 0%, and she had never previously been transfused nor pregnant. She received induction therapy with antithymoglobulin (ATG) as standard protocol and maintained on immuno-suppressive treatment of cyclosporine A, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), and prednisone. Nine months after transplantation, she presented with anorexia, asthenia and weight loss. Cutaneous Ka-posi's sarcoma and a Hodgkin disease were diagnosed. MMF was discontinued and cyclosporin A was switched to sirolimus. She also received a poly-chemotherapy associated with 4 courses of rituximab. Twelve months later, the patient had normal graft function and both malign...

Phase I/II Study of S-1 plus Cisplatin Combination Chemotherapy in Patients with Advanced/Recurrent Head and Neck Cancer

Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology — Fri, 26 Feb 2010 16:57:31 +0100

Conclusions This is considered to be an effective regimen with acceptable toxicities for HNC. (Source: Japanese Journal of Clinical Oncology)

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Health-related quality of life of colorectal cancer patients receiving oral UFT plus leucovorin compared with those with surgery alone

International Journal of Clinical Oncology — Fri, 26 Feb 2010 16:43:41 +0100

Conclusions HRQOL in colorectal cancer patients with adjuvant chemotherapy with oral UFT plus LV deteriorated during this phase of treatment compared with those with surgery alone, despite the biased stage of tumor between the groups. Symptom management and social support would improve HRQOL in such a group of patients. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10147-010-0035-zAuthors Akira Tsunoda, Showa University School of Medicine Department of Gastroenterological and General Surgery 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 142-8666 JapanKentaro Nakao, Showa University School of Medicine Department of Gastroenterological and General Surgery 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo 142-8666 JapanYuko Tsunoda, Showa University School of Medicine Depa...

Elevation of homocysteine levels is only partially reversed after therapy in females with eating disorders

Journal of Neural Transmission — Fri, 26 Feb 2010 16:43:40 +0100

Abstract Recent studies have shown elevated homocysteine levels in patients with eating disorders. In a prospective, longitudinal study, we investigated differences of homocysteine plasma levels in patients with anorexia nervosa (N = 12) and bulimia nervosa (N = 17) compared to healthy controls (N = 20) and alteration of homocysteine levels in patients during specific in-patient treatment. We found significantly elevated homocysteine levels in both patient groups (anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa) and a non-significant decrease of homocysteine during the 12-week treatment period. Furthermore, we found a significant association between low homocysteine levels and cognitive deficits, pointing toward a beneficial effect of elevated homocysteine...

Unintentional Weight Loss in Long Term Care Residents with Alzheimer's Disease and Weight Response with the Use of Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA)/Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA) and Bioflavinoids: A Case Series

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 16:11:58 +0100

Introduction/Objective: Cachexia/dehydration may be the immediate cause of death in the end stage of dementia in as many as 35% of nursing home residents. Cachexia is associated with suppressed appetite, food intake and body weight while proinflammatory cytokines are increased. Proinflammatory cytokines directly result in feeding suppression and lower intake of nutrients and cachexia is nearly always accompanied by anorexia. IL-1 beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFa) act on the glucose-sensitive neurons in the satiety and hunger sites in the hypothalamus. An association between high levels of circulating TNFa and unexplained weight loss in AD has been shown. Serum TNFa has been shown to be lower in mild-moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) compared to severe AD.12 The levels of TNFa, IL...

Visfatin is increased in chronic kidney disease patients with poor appetite and correlates negatively with fasting serum amino acids and triglyceride levels

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 08:19:39 +0100

Conclusion. Our study suggests novel links between visfatin and anorexia in CKD patients. Based on recent studies, we speculate that high visfatin in CKD patients may constitute a counter-regulatory response to central visfatin resistance in uremia. Future studies should examine a putative role of visfatin as a regulator of nutrient homeostasis in uremia. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)

Survivors Bring Awareness To Deadly Eating Disorders During National Eating Disorders Awareness Week

OrlandoSentinel: Medical Research — Tue, 23 Feb 2010 07:59:00 +0100

They're the cold hard facts you may not know about eating disorders. " Anorexia in particular has the highest fatality rate of any mental illness. With bulimia, you can have an electrolyte imbalance that would cause you to have a heart attack," says... (Source: OrlandoSentinel: Medical Research)

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Psychiatrists call for end to 'glamorising' of eating disorders

Telegraph Health — Mon, 22 Feb 2010 13:29:18 +0100

Children are presented with a "damaging portrayal" of eating disorders through the airbrushed images and size zero models shown in magazines and on television, psychiatrists have said. (Source: Telegraph Health)

Update on course and outcome in eating disorders

International Journal of Eating Disorders — Mon, 22 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

To review recent studies describing eating disorder course and outcome.Electronic and manual searches were conducted to identify relevant articles published since 2004.Twenty-six articles were identified. For anorexia nervosa (AN), most patients ascertained through outpatient settings achieved remission by 5-year follow-up. Inpatient treatment predicted poor prognosis as inpatient samples demonstrated lower remission rates. Outcome differed between bulimia nervosa (BN) and eating disorders not otherwise specified (EDNOS), including binge eating disorder (BED), for shorter follow-up durations; however, outcomes appeared similar between BN and related EDNOS by 5-year follow-up. Greater psychiatric comorbidity emerged as a significant predictor of poor prognosis in BN, whereas few prognostic ...

Aripiprazole in anorexia nervosa and low-weight bulimia nervosa: Case reports

International Journal of Eating Disorders — Mon, 22 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We report on the treatment of eight patients (five with AN and three with BN) with aripiprazole for time periods of four months to more than three years.All individuals had reduced distress around eating, fewer obsessional thoughts about food, weight and body image, significant lessening of eating-disordered behaviors, and gradual weight restoration where appropriate. Depression, generalized anxiety, and cognitive flexibility improved as well.In summary, these findings support the need to perform controlled trials of aripiprazole in AN and BN. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2010 (Source: International Journal of Eating Disorders)

Reversible vision loss secondary to malnutrition in a woman with severe anorexia nervosa, purging type, and alcohol abuse

International Journal of Eating Disorders — Mon, 22 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

To report a case of severe reversible vision loss in a woman with a 7-year history of anorexia nervosa, purging type, alcohol abuse and a severely restricted, vitamin-deficient diet.Psychiatric, ophthalmologic, and medical records were reviewed, and a literature search was performed on visual complications associated with anorexia nervosa and malnutrition.Ophthalmologic complications of malnutrition are rare but include both oculomotor and visual sensory disturbances. Thiamine deficiency can cause both types of disorders. Vitamin B12 and folate deficiencies are typically associated with optic neuropathy. Clinicians treating eating disorders should be aware of the potential for vitamin deficiencies and associated visual loss in patients with anorexia nervosa. This case highlights the import...

Stiff-person syndrome presenting as eating disorder: A case report

International Journal of Eating Disorders — Mon, 22 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We present this case to alert practitioners to the potential co-morbidity and symptom overlap between SPS and eating disorders, to aid in early recognition and appropriate treatment of this rare illness. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2010 (Source: International Journal of Eating Disorders)

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A Chance to Live

Psych Central — Sun, 21 Feb 2010 12:32:29 +0100

Inside every human being is a drive. Sometimes the drive is clear cut: he or she wants to be a doctor, a lawyer, a wife, a mother, a husband, a father, or something else entirely. Sometimes the drive is muddy, murky and hard to understand. Sometimes that drive, the very thing that is supposed to motivate us to become something special in this world, can become the one thing that can turn on us and lead us down the path of self-destruction. Once on that path, a host of questions, fears and doubts besiege us. How do we protect ourselves against rejection, prejudice, risk, pain and judgment? How do we breathe through this dark cloud, let alone survive in this world? From the time I was very small I knew I was different. I was more sensitive to people’s emotions and I always wanted to belong...

The Eating Disorder Beast Can Be Beaten

Psych Central — Sat, 20 Feb 2010 12:33:18 +0100

I’m 15 years old, it’s 3:00 p.m., school is out and I can’t wait to get home and be alone. I’m dizzy, lightheaded, and cold. As I go to my locker to get the necessary books I need for tomorrow’s homework, I’m stopped by friends to talk and discuss afternoon plans. As usual I choose to go home and be alone. My energy is high and my face has its usual big smile. My frail body is hidden by layers of clothing and my mind is filled with nothing but thoughts of what I can eat when I get home. I’ve been a good girl — I have stuck to my eating plan that amounts to 500 calories so far. I feel very anxious and pressure to start my homework. I have a Science test to study for and I must get a 95 or above. As I open the door to the house I pray that my b...

WITHDRAWN: Dopamine agonists for cocaine dependence.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Sat, 20 Feb 2010 04:58:05 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Current evidence does not support the clinical use of dopamine agonists in the treatment of cocaine dependence. Given the high rate of dropouts in this population, clinicians may consider adding other supportive measures aiming to keep patients in treatment. PMID: 20166066 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)

Bay Area Eating Disorders Symposium Upcoming At Packard Children's Hospital

Health News from Medical News Today — Sat, 20 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Lucile Packard Children's Hospital at Stanford is gearing up for National Eating Disorders Awareness Week, Feb. 21 - 27. The hospital's Comprehensive Eating Disorders Program is reaching out to Bay Area families to enhance knowledge of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and related diagnoses. On Feb. 25 at 6:30 p.m., Packard Children's will host a community symposium, "It's Time to Talk About It," an event designed to help parents learn the warning signs of eating disorders and understand the process for seeking help when a child, adolescent or young adult needs treatment... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Bay Area Eating Disorders Symposium Upcoming At Packard Children's Hospital

Pediatrics News From Medical News Today — Sat, 20 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

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Brain activation during the perception of distorted body images in eating disorders

Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging — Fri, 19 Feb 2010 16:50:22 +0100

Abstract: Eating disorder (ED) patients have severe disturbances in the perception of body shape and weight. The authors investigated brain activation patterns during the perception of distorted body images in various subtypes of ED. Participants comprised 33 patients with EDs (11 with restricting-type anorexia nervosa (AN-R), 11 with binging–purging type anorexia nervosa (AN-BP), 11 with bulimia nervosa (BN)) and 11 healthy women. Functional magnetic resonance imaging was used to examine cerebral response to morphed images of subjects' own bodies, as well as that of another woman. The amygdala was significantly activated in AN-R patients, AN-BP patients, and healthy women in response to their own fat-image, but this did not occur in BN patients. The prefrontal cortex (PFC) was significa...

Sleep disturbance in women with eating disorder: Prevalence and clinical characteristics

Psychiatry Research — Fri, 19 Feb 2010 16:50:21 +0100

Abstract: The prevalence of sleep disturbance among 400 patients, diagnosed with anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN), was assessed via structured interviews. Sleep disturbance was reported in 50.3% of patients, especially among those with the binge-eating/purging subtype. Patients with sleep disturbance had more disturbing symptoms; including higher binge frequency and vomiting frequency Additional differences were also identified. (Source: Psychiatry Research)

When a Weight-Obsessed Partner 'Keeps You Fat'

NYT > Health — Fri, 19 Feb 2010 15:55:14 +0100

Dr. Kathryn Zerbe responds to a reader whose former wife, a bulimic, made sure he piled on the pounds. (Source: NYT > Health)

Molecular evidence of natural infection with Babesia canis canis in Croatia.

Acta Veterinaria Hungarica — Fri, 19 Feb 2010 11:28:33 +0100

Authors: Brkljacić M, Matijatko V, Kis I, Kucer N, Forsek J, Rafaj RB, Grden D, Torti M, Mayer I, Mrljak V The aim of the present study was to detect and characterise the species and subspecies of Babesia spp. that cause canine babesiosis in Croatia. Twenty-eight dogs with typical signs of babesiosis (lethargy, anorexia, fever, dark urine and thrombocytopenia) were included in this study. Their blood smears showed the presence of Babesia canis . The results showed the detection of one subspecies, namely Babesia canis canis using PCR, and subsequent sequence analysis demonstrated portions of the nss rRNA gene in 27 out of 28 samples. Sequence analysis of the isolates showed 100% identity in 11 samples, 99.7% identity (one nucleotide difference) in 11 samples and 99.4% identity (tw...

[Case Report] A “fussy eater” with renal failure

LANCET — Fri, 19 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In May, 2009, a 17-year-old girl was admitted with a 10-day history of anorexia and vomiting. She had no significant medical or family history, and was on no medication other than the oral contraceptive pill. Examination was unremarkable, with normal blood pressure and volume status. She had severe non-oliguric renal impairment (urea 64 mmol/L, creatinine 1596 μmol/L). Urinalysis showed haematuria and proteinuria. Full blood count showed macrocytic anaemia (haemoglobin 88 g/L, MCV 116 fL); blood film showed hypersegmented neutrophils. C-reactive protein concentration was 186 mg/L, lactate dehydrogenase was 1637 IU/L (normal 285–540), and clotting screen was normal. Ultrasonography showed normal sized unobstructed kidneys with prominent pyramids (). There was no serological evidence of s...

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Pazopanib in Locally Advanced or Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: Results of a Randomized Phase III Trial [Genitourinary Cancer]

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Thu, 18 Feb 2010 23:00:38 +0100

Conclusion Pazopanib demonstrated significant improvement in PFS and tumor response compared with placebo in treatment-naive and cytokine-pretreated patients with advanced and/or metastatic RCC. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

Rikkunshito and 5-HT2C antagonist improves cisplatin-induced anorexia via hypothalamic ghrelin interaction.

Regulatory Peptides — Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Yakabi K, Kurosawa S, Tamai M, Yuzurihara M, Nahata M, Ono S, Ro S, Kato S, Aoyama T, Sakurada T, Takabayashi H, Hattori T Circulating ghrelin concentration regulates appetite behavior, but no study thus far has focused on the role of central ghrelin in anorexia after chemotherapy. To clarify the action mechanisms of rikkunshito (RKT), a traditional Japanese medicine, on cisplatin-induced anorexia, we attempted to elucidate its effect on hypothalamic ghrelin receptor expression in cisplatin-induced anorexia. We first examined the effects of an intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of exogenous ghrelin on food intake with or without cisplatin treatment, and the effects of cisplatin or m-chlorophenylpiperazine (mCPP), a 5-HT2C receptor agonist, on hypothalamic GHS-R1a mRNA exp...

The rheumatological history

Medicine — Wed, 17 Feb 2010 16:03:03 +0100

Abstract: Rheumatological diseases include conditions that affect only limited regions of the locomotor system and also conditions that can have widespread systemic effects. The rheumatological history must reflect both of these aspects. The main symptoms of joint disease are pain, stiffness, swelling and deformity. It is also important to enquire about functional impairment and resultant disability. Systemic diseases can be associated with non-specific symptoms, such as fever, anorexia and weight loss. A careful systems review is important in eliciting specific symptoms. (Source: Medicine)

Cognitive Effects of Topiramate in Migraine Patients Aged 12 Through 17 Years

Pediatric Neurology — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 14:46:59 +0100

Neuropsychologic data are presented from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study with placebo, topiramate 50 mg/day, and topiramate 100 mg/day. The Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB) and cognitive adverse events were used to evaluate neurocognitive effects of topiramate. Topiramate 100 mg/day vs placebo was associated with slight statistically significant score increases, indicating slowing, from baseline vs placebo in three CANTAB measures: five-choice reaction time (P = 0.028), pattern recognition memory mean correct latency (P = 0.027), and rapid visual information processing mean latency (P = 0.040). No other patterns related to topiramate treatment were observed in measurements of learning, memory, and visual information processing,...

Flexion contractures possibly reflect the existence of hypocortisolism: two case reports

Journal of Neurology — Mon, 15 Feb 2010 17:59:36 +0100

Abstract The diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency is discussed in case of low blood pressure and digestive symptoms. Rare inaugural abdomino-crural muscle contracture can be a misleading symptom. Here we report two new cases. A 50-year-old woman presenting a leaning forward walking attitude and negligence for the past 2 months was referred to the neurologic unit. Abdomino-crural contracture, clinical hypogonadism, and hyponatremia directed towards a panhypopituitarism, which was confirmed by subsequent investigations. Pituitary MRI found an empty sella turcica. The outcome was dramatic after hormone replacement therapy, with drawing up of the trunk and re-establishment of walking after a few days. The second case is a 58-year-old man, hospitalized with altered general c...

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An early phase II trial of S-1 in Japanese patients with cytokine-refractory metastatic renal cell carcinoma

Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology — Mon, 15 Feb 2010 17:58:54 +0100

Conclusions S-1 is active and well tolerated for the treatment of cytokine-refractory metastatic RCC. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00280-010-1262-8Authors Seiji Naito, Kyushu University Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences Fukuoka JapanTaiji Tsukamoto, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine Department of Urology Sapporo JapanMichiyuki Usami, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases Department of Urology Osaka JapanHiroyuki Fujimoto, National Cancer Center Hospital Urology Division Tokyo JapanHideyuki Akaza, University of Tsukuba Department of Urology and Andrology, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science Tsukuba, Ibaraki Japan Journal Cancer Chemotherapy and PharmacologyOn...

Randomized Phase III Clinical Trial of Five Different Arms of Treatment in 332 Patients with Cancer Cachexia.

The Oncologist — Mon, 15 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion. The most effective treatment in terms of all three primary efficacy endpoints and the secondary endpoints appetite, IL-6, GPS, and ECOG PS score was the combination regimen that included all selected agents. PMID: 20156909 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The Oncologist)

This week on Thrive: Feb. 8 – 12

Thrive, Children's Hospital Boston — Sun, 14 Feb 2010 13:00:12 +0100

Here’s a quick look at what Thrive was up to last week. A new study suggests a change in the way we prescribe eyeglasses to children. Another study suggests more youth than ever are dealing with mental health issues. Judy Palfrey, MD, FAAP talks about the First Lady’s new anti-obesity initiative. A pill may just be the answer for individuals with fragile X syndrome. Find out all of the information you need to know about Massachusetts’s new tooth brushing law. A Children’s researcher discovers that people with anorexia have high levels of fat in their bone marrow. Massachusetts restaurants are leading the way in making dining out safer for those with food allergies. Our Mediatrician explores whether vampire fiction can contribute to anxiety. Children’s clinicians reflect on their ...

[Seminar] Eating disorders

LANCET — Fri, 12 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This Seminar adds to the previous Lancet Seminar about eating disorders, published in 2003, with an emphasis on the biological contributions to illness onset and maintenance. The diagnostic criteria are in the process of review, and the probable four new categories are: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and eating disorder not otherwise specified. These categories will also be broader than they were previously, which will affect the population prevalence; the present lifetime prevalence of all eating disorders is about 5%. Eating disorders can be associated with profound and protracted physical and psychosocial morbidity. The causal factors underpinning eating disorders have been clarified by understanding about the central control of appetite. Cultural, social, and...

Eating disorders and fatty bone marrow?

Thrive, Children's Hospital Boston — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 16:43:09 +0100

MRI of an anorexic patient's knee There are an estimated 24 million Americans suffering from eating disorders, 90 percent of whom are women between 12 and 25. Identifying and treating eating disorders as early as possible is critical, as months or even years of malnutrition can take an immense toll on the body, and can result in osteoporosis, slowed growth, heart disturbances, loss of menstrual periods, depression and anxiety. MRI of a control patient's knee At Children’s Hospital Boston, researcher Catherine Gordon has dedicated the past two decades trying to understand the mechanism behind the bone loss seen frequently in girls with anorexia—and work out how to halt it. In a unexpected twist, her recent study found that people with anorexia nervosa have strikingly h...

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With Anorexia, Body May Hoard Fat in Bones

MedicineNet Womens Health General — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 07:00:00 +0100

Title: With Anorexia, Body May Hoard Fat in BonesCategory: Health NewsCreated: 2/10/2010 4:10:00 PMLast Editorial Review: 2/11/2010 (Source: MedicineNet Womens Health General)

With Anorexia, Body May Hoard Fat in Bones

MedicineNet Arthritis General — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 07:00:00 +0100

Title: With Anorexia, Body May Hoard Fat in BonesCategory: Health NewsCreated: 2/10/2010 4:10:00 PMLast Editorial Review: 2/11/2010 (Source: MedicineNet Arthritis General)

People with anorexia have fat in bones

Health News - UPI.com — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 06:24:44 +0100

BOSTON, Feb. 11 (UPI) -- People with anorexia nervosa have strikingly high levels of fat within their bone marrow, U.S. researchers found. (Source: Health News - UPI.com)

Refeeding syndrome in a patient with anorexia nervosa

BMJ Online First — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:05:43 +0100

(Source: BMJ Online First)

Classification of eating disturbance in children and adolescents: Proposed changes for the DSM-V

European Eating Disorders Review — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Childhood and adolescence are critical periods of neural development and physical growth. The malnutrition and related medical complications resulting from eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN) and eating disorder not otherwise specified may have more severe and potentially more protracted consequences during youth than during other age periods. The consensus opinion of an international workgroup of experts on the diagnosis and treatment of child and adolescent eating disorders is that (a) lower and more developmentally sensitive thresholds of symptom severity (e.g. lower frequency of purging behaviours, significant deviations from growth curves as indicators of clinical severity) be used as diagnostic boundaries for children and adolescents, (b) behavioural ...

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With Anorexia, Body May Hoard Fat in Bones

MedlinePlus Health News — Wed, 10 Feb 2010 21:00:00 +0100

Finding may help explain osteoporosis among those with the eating disorder Source: HealthDay Related MedlinePlus Topic: Eating Disorders (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

Anorexics found to have excess fat -- in their bone marrow

ScienceDaily Headlines — Wed, 10 Feb 2010 16:15:05 +0100

Researchers have found that girls with anorexia, despite being emaciated, have strikingly high levels of fat in their bone marrow. This can be visualized in MRIs of the knee. The researchers believe that malnutrition causes hormonal alterations that push mesenchymal stem cells in the bone marrow to form fat cells rather than bone-forming cells. This may explain why patients with anorexia have bone loss. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)

Anorexics Found To Have Excess Fat -- In Their Bone Marrow

Women's Health / OBGYN News From Medical News Today — Wed, 10 Feb 2010 11:00:00 +0100

People with anorexia nervosa, paradoxically, have strikingly high levels of fat within their bone marrow, report researchers at Children's Hospital Boston. Their findings, based on MRI imaging of the knees of 20 girls with anorexia and 20 healthy girls of the same age, appear in the February issue of the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research... (Source: Women's Health / OBGYN News From Medical News Today)

Anorexics Found To Have Excess Fat -- In Their Bone Marrow

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 10 Feb 2010 11:00:00 +0100

Spontaneous pneumomediastinum in anorexia nervosa: A case report and review of the literature on pneumomediastinum and pneumothorax

European Eating Disorders Review — Wed, 10 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We report a case of a 20-year-old white woman with the history of anorexia nervosa presenting with spontaneous pneumomediastinum (SPM). On admission, her body mass index (BMI) was 9.9 kg/m2. Physical examination revealed subcutaneous crepitation especially in the axillae, the intercostal spaces, between the scapulae and along the spine. A chest X-ray showed extensive tissue emphysema, especially in the upper mediastinum. In a computed tomography (CT) scan, additional air was found in the upper retroperitoneal space adjacent to the stomach and to the left of the aorta. The patient recovered clinically within three weeks, and a CT scan showed a complete remission of the pneumomediastinum and subcutaneous emphysema. Based on this, case review of the literature about the frequency of pneumomed...

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PANDAS and anorexia nervosa - a spotters' guide: Suggestions for medical assessment

European Eating Disorders Review — Wed, 10 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Pediatric Autoimmune Neuropsychiatric Disorders Associated with Streptococcal infection (PANDAS) should be considered in sudden onset, prepubertal Anorexia Nervosa (AN), arising shortly after an apparent streptococcal infection. However, the absence of a specific biological marker of PANDAS renders the diagnosis difficult. This paper critically reviews available tests for PANDAS and recommends a standardized approach to its investigation.Medline database review between 1990 and 2008.Existing tests may be categorized as: (i) Non-specific markers of inflammation or immune response (Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, ESR; C-reactive protein, CRP; Neopterin), (ii) specific markers of streptococcal infection (throat swab and anti-streptococcal antibodies, Anti-streptolysin, ASO; Antideoxyribonucle...

Binge eating disorder in a Chinese male - A case report

European Eating Disorders Review — Wed, 10 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

There are reports in China about males suffering from anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, but hitherto no report of binge eating disorder (BED).This case report describes the history, symptom progression and treatment of a male suffering from BED.Many Chinese people who come from rural areas try to integrate in the urban life. Regardless of their level of education many suffer various difficulties, which can trigger psychological disorders. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eating Disorders Association. (Source: European Eating Disorders Review)

Anorexics Found To Have Excess Fat -- In Their Bone Marrow

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 09:00:00 +0100

Anorexics Found To Have Excess Fat -- In Their Bone Marrow

Bones / Orthopaedics News From Medical News Today — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 09:00:00 +0100

Bulimia nervosa with history of anorexia nervosa: Could the clinical subtype of anorexia have implications for clinical status and treatment response?

International Journal of Eating Disorders — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

To investigate whether the subtype of anorexia nervosa (AN) could influence the bulimic syndrome and treatment response in bulimia nervosa (BN) patients with a history of AN (BN/AN+).Seventy female BN patients were assessed for eating disorder, psychopathology and personality, and treated for 6 months.BN/AN+ patients retained some traits of their past condition: lower body weight, higher perfectionism, and higher reward dependence. They also had more severe symptoms, longer evolution time, and worse response to treatment. A history of restricting AN was associated to higher age, longer evolution time, higher impulsivity, and greater tendency to use diet pills and diuretics. A history of binge-purging AN was associated to more severe vomiting, lower body dissatisfaction and less depressive ...

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Anorexics found to have excess fat-- in their bone marrow

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Mon, 08 Feb 2010 05:00:00 +0100

(Children's Hospital Boston) Researchers at Chidlren's Hopsital Boston have found that girls with anorexia, despite being emaciated, have strikingly high levels of fat in their bone marrow. This can be visualized in MRIs of the knee. The researchers believe that malnutrition causes hormonal alterations that push mesenchymal stem cells in the bone marrow to form fat cells rather than bone-forming cells. This may explain why patients with anorexia have bone loss. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

Inpatient treatment and anorexia nervosa outcomes

e-SPEN, The European e-Journal of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism — Mon, 08 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Despite a more severe initial presentation, patients requiring hospitalization at entry exhibited outcomes comparable to outpatients, although requiring longer care. (Source: e-SPEN, The European e-Journal of Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism)

[Anesthesia in patients with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.]

Der Anaesthesist — Sat, 06 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Zenker J, Hagenah U, Rossaint R Eating disorders are typical diseases of adolescence and early adulthood. About 1-3% of female juveniles suffer from anorexia nervosa (AN) or bulimia nervosa (BN). Today AN is still the psychiatric disease with the highest mortality rate. The peri-operative mortality rate of patients suffering from AN is in the range up to 15%. The beginning of AN is a lingering process and the majority of patients show increasingly restrictive eating habits ending in cachexia. Patients are obsessed by the predominant idea of being obese in spite of having a significant underweight. Patients suffering from bulimia break the strict regimen by eating enormous amounts of high calorie food. Such eating attacks are followed by weight reducing measures, mostly vomitin...

A Piglet Model of Acute Gastroenteritis Induced by Shigella dysenteriae Type 1

The Journal of Infectious Diseases Latest Issue — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 21:46:49 +0100

Conclusion. We conclude that piglets are highly susceptible to shigellosis, providing a useful tool with which to compare vaccine candidates for immunogenicity, reactogenicity, and response to challenge; investigate the role of virulence factors; and test the efficacy of microbial agents. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases Latest Issue)

Anorexia and Brain Imaging

Psychiatric Times — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 17:00:01 +0100

Recent multiple brain imaging studies of patients with restricting-type anorexia nervosa (AN) reveal neurocircuit dysregulation and may help clarify the disorder’s confounding symptoms. (Source: Psychiatric Times)

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Use of mirtazapine in an adult with refractory anorexia nervosa and comorbid depression: A case report

International Journal of Eating Disorders — Wed, 03 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

The objective of this report was to describe an efficacious treatment of an adult with long-standing anorexia nervosa (AN). A 50-year-old woman with an over 7-year history of AN and comorbid major depression had been treated unsuccessfully with numerous psychotropic medications, manualized cognitive behavior therapy, and an intensive outpatient treatment program before referral. After treatment with mirtazapine, she gained weight and her depression improved. A 9-month follow-up revealed a maintenance of these benefits. Mirtazapine may be useful for older, chronically ill patients presenting with AN and comorbid depression. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2010 (Source: International Journal of Eating Disorders)

Concomitant liposomal doxorubicin and daily palliative radiotherapy in advanced feline soft tissue sarcomas

Veterinary Radiology & Ultrasound — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Local recurrence of feline soft tissue sarcomas is common despite aggressive treatment. Liposomal doxorubicin might serve as a depot radiosensitizer if administered concomitantly with daily radiotherapy and thus improve tumor control. In this pilot study, the feasibility of concomitant liposomal radiochemotherapy was evaluated in a palliative setting in 10 cats with advanced soft tissue sarcomas. Cats were treated with median number of 5 (range 5[ndash]7) daily fractions of radiotherapy and a median total dose of 20 Gy (range 20[ndash]31.5 Gy). One dose of liposomal doxorubicin was administered at the beginning of radiotherapy. Seven cats received further free or liposomal doxorubicin after completion of the liposomal doxorubicin/radiation protocol. Seven of the treated 10 cats (70%) achie...

Demand-specific alteration of medial prefrontal cortex response during an inhibition task in recovered anorexic women

International Journal of Eating Disorders — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study investigated a prefrontal-cingulate network that is involved in inhibitory control.To avoid the confounds of malnutrition, 12 recovered (RAN) subjects were compared to 12 matched control women (CW) using a validated inhibition task (i.e., a stop signal task) during functional magnetic resonance imaging.Consistent with the a priori hypothesis, RAN subjects showed altered task-related activation in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), a critical node of the inhibitory control network. Specifically, whereas RAN and CW showed similar mPFC acitivity during trials when inhibitory demand was low (i.e., easy trials), RAN relative to CW showed significantly less mPFC activation as inhibition trials became more difficult (i.e., hard trials), suggesting a demand-specific modulation of inhi...

Percent body fat is a risk factor for relapse in Anorexia Nervosa: A replication study

International Journal of Eating Disorders — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We aimed to replicate and extend our previous findings of an association between percent body fat in recently weight-restored patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and clinical outcome in the year following treatment.Twenty-two hospitalized, weight-restored women with AN underwent whole body MRI to determine percent adipose tissue. Following hospital discharge, patients were contacted regularly, and at the end of the year, clinical outcome was determined using modified Morgan-Russell (MR) criteria: full, good, fair or poor. Identical to our previous study, outcome was dichotomized into "full, good or fair" and "poor" groups.Data from 21 subjects were available for analysis. Percent body fat was significantly lower in the poor outcome group (22% ±5%) compared to the "full, good or fair" outc...

Polydipsia and hyponatremia in a woman with anorexia nervosa

International Journal of Eating Disorders — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We report the case of a 23-year-old woman with anorexia nervosa who suffered with severe hyponatremia.The etiology of hyponatremia in this case, as in most patients with eating disorders, was multifactorial, encompassing both hypovolemic and euvolemic categories of hyponatremia. Multiple impairments in the ability to clear free water are responsible for a heightened risk for hyponatremia in patients with anorexia nervosa.This case underscores the importance of careful scrutiny of fluid intake, an awareness of medications that lead to hyponatremia, and the need for regular monitoring of serum electrolytes, even in patients with anorexia nervosa, to allow for an early diagnosis and to assist in the formulation of an effective treatment and prevention strategy. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, I...

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The refeeding syndrome and glucose load

International Journal of Eating Disorders — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Discussion focuses on the possible deleterious affects that carbohydrates may have in exacerbating the refeeding syndrome. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Eat Disord 2010 (Source: International Journal of Eating Disorders)

Rationale for the application of Exposure and Response Prevention to the treatment of anorexia nervosa

International Journal of Eating Disorders — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a life threatening and difficult to treat illness with a high relapse rate. Current treatments are inadequate and new approaches to treatment are needed.We review the data on anxiety in AN, the relationship between anxiety disorders and AN, and the use of Exposure and Response Prevention in treatment.The overlap between AN and anxiety disorders suggest a model of AN in which baseline anxiety features yield eating related fears, avoidance behaviors, and ritualized safety behaviors that promote the underweight state and the perpetuation of the disorder. We propose an Exposure and Response Prevention treatment to prevent relapse in AN.Overlap between AN and anxiety disorders suggests that Exposure and Response Prevention may be a new and beneficial approach to prevent...

The Essential Family Guide To Borderline Personality Disorder

Psych Central — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 19:16:01 +0100

Editor’s note: All statistics cited in the review are taken from the book itself. Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a mystery to many of us, even clinicians. Still, BPD is more common than schizophrenia and twice as common as anorexia nervosa. Compared to the general public, a person with BPD is 400 times more at risk for suicide. BPD is a serious condition that is often misunderstood, misdiagnosed and overlooked. Families of individuals with BPD may be at their wit’s end, trying to figure out how to live with someone whose emotions resemble a rollercoaster. This is where The Essential Family Guide to Borderline Personality Disorder: New Tools and Techniques to Stop Walking on Eggshells comes in. It’s written by Randi Kreger, co-author of the bestselling Stop Walking on E...

A Neural Signature of Anorexia Nervosa in the Ventral Striatal Reward System [Articles]

Am J Psychiatry — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 19:01:27 +0100

Conclusions These findings are consistent with predictions in animal studies of the pivotal role of the human reward system in anorexia nervosa and thus support theories of starvation dependence in maintenance of the disorder. (Source: Am J Psychiatry)

Adenosquamous carcinoma of the pancreas: a case report

BioMed Central — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We report a case of 70 year old man who came to our hospital with abdominal pain, anorexia and jaundice. Imaging of the abdomen showed a mass in the region of the head of the pancreas. Histological evaluation of the pancreatic tumor showed an adenosquamous carcinoma which was extensively infiltrative with perineural invasion, involvement of peripancreatic lymph nodes and all the thickness of the duodenum wall. The tumor exhibited a biphasic malignant growth identified as well to moderate differentiated adenocarcinoma and well to poorly differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. (Source: BioMed Central)

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Conservative management of isolated splenic abscess in children

Journal of Pediatric Surgery — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Isolated SA in children responds favorably to conservative treatment with intravenous broad-spectrum antibiotics and percutaneous drainage without the need for splenectomy. (Source: Journal of Pediatric Surgery)

[A case of acinar cell carcinoma of pancreas, manifested by subcutaneous nodule as initial clinical symptom.]

Korean J Gastroenter... — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We reported a case of ACC which was manifested by subcutaneous nodule as initial clinical symptom. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of ACC presenting as subcutaneous fat necrosis in Korea. PMID: 20168061 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Korean J Gastroenter...)

Computer Device Helps Obese Adolescents Reduce Food Portions

Clinical Endocrinology News — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

A computer device used to treat anorexic patients has been shown to be effective against adolescent obesity, reducing patients' body mass index and rate of food consumption even 6 months after the completion of treatment and monitoring. (Source: Clinical Endocrinology News)

Enantioselective pharmacokinetics of sibutramine in rat.

Archives of Pharmacal Research — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Noh K, Bae K, Min B, Kim E, Kwon KI, Jeong T, Kang W Racemic sibutramine is widely used to treat obesity owing to its inhibition of serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake in synapses. Although the enantioselective effects of sibutramine and its two active desmethyl-metabolites, monodesmethylsibutramine (MDS) and didesmethylsibutramine (DDS), on anorexia and energy expenditure have been elucidated, the enantioselective pharmacokinetics of sibutramine are still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to characterize the enantioselective pharmacokinetics of sibutramine and its metabolites in plasma and urine following an intravenous and a single oral administration of sibutramine in rats. The absolute bioavailability of sibutramine was only about 7%. The pharmacologically less effective S-iso...

Irinotecan Hydrochloride (CPT-11) in Dialysis Patients with Gastrointestinal Cancer.

Acta Med Okayama — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ashizawa T, Iwahori T, Yokoyama T, Kihara Y, Konnno O, Jyojima Y, Akashi I, Nakamura Y, Hama K, Iwamoto H, Segawa M, Takeuchi H, Hirano T, Nagao T We investigated changes in drug disposition and toxicities with CPT-11 in 15 dialysis patients with gastrointestinal cancers to clarify whether CPT-11 could be administered safely in such patients. For comparison, the same parameters were also investigated in 10 cancer patients not undergoing dialysis. Items investigated included (1) plasma concentrations of SN-38, SN-38G and CPT-11 at 0, 1, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 72h after administration, together with a comparison of mean AUC values for 3 dose levels of CPT-11 (50, 60 and 70mg/m2) in dialysis patients and controls;and (2) occurrence of adverse events. Several findings emerged from thi...

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A phase I study of axitinib (AG-013736) in combination with bevacizumab plus chemotherapy or chemotherapy alone in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer and other solid tumors

Annals of Oncology — Fri, 29 Jan 2010 00:07:10 +0100

Conclusion: Axitinib is well tolerated in combination with FOLFOX, FOLFIRI, or FOLFOX plus 2 mg/kg bevacizumab. PK interactions appear to be absent. (Source: Annals of Oncology)

Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma: a multicenter study on 81 cases

Annals of Oncology — Fri, 29 Jan 2010 00:07:10 +0100

Conclusions: MPM is a disease with various types of presentation, frequently associated with thrombocytosis, sometimes with other tumors. Survival and diagnosis time can differ in various types of MPM. Prognosis is poor. (Source: Annals of Oncology)

Woman saves herself from anorexia with photo diary which charted battle from 4st 11lb to health

the Mail online | Health — Thu, 28 Jan 2010 08:35:24 +0100

Samantha Smith ignored pleas from family and friends to eat properly, until her father showed her a current photograph of herself next to one taken when she was a normal weight. (Source: the Mail online | Health)

Energy regulation and neuroendocrine–immune control in chronic inflammatory diseases

Journal of Internal Medicine — Thu, 28 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Abstract.Straub RH, Cutolo M, Buttgereit F, Pongratz G (University Hospital Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; University of Genova, Genova, Italy; and Charité University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany). Energy regulation and neuroendocrine[ndash]immune control in chronic inflammatory diseases (Review). J Intern Med 2010; doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.2010.02218.x Energy regulation (EnR) is most important for homoeostatic regulation of physiological processes. Neuroendocrine pathways are involved in EnR. We can separate factors that provide energy-rich fuels to stores [parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS), insulin, insulin-like growth factor-1, oestrogens, androgens and osteocalcin] and those that provide energy-rich substrates to consumers [sympathetic nervous system (SNS), hypothalamic[ndash...

Bone microarchitecture abnormal in women with anorexia nervosa

MedWire News - Bone Health — Wed, 27 Jan 2010 14:53:29 +0100

Androgen levels and nutritionally-mediated hormones, including insulin-like growth factor-I and leptin, predict bone microstructure in women with anorexia nervosa, US researchers report. (Source: MedWire News - Bone Health)

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Atypical antipsychotics and anorexia nervosa: a review

PCCAS: Full newsfeed — Tue, 26 Jan 2010 17:00:33 +0100

Background: Admissions to NHS hospitals with a primary... (Source: PCCAS: Full newsfeed)

Atypical antipsychotics and anorexia nervosa: a review

Mental Health NSF Newsfeed — Tue, 26 Jan 2010 16:57:11 +0100

Background: Admissions to NHS hospitals with a primary... (Source: Mental Health NSF Newsfeed)

Irreversible Electroporation of the Pancreas: Definitive Local Therapy without Systemic Effects

Journal of Surgical Research — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 16:42:17 +0100

Conclusions: This animal model demonstrates that IRE of the pancreas performed at an optimal voltage is both safe and well tolerated with rapid resolution of pancreatic inflammation. IRE also shows preservation of adjacent vascular structures. Ongoing phase 1/2 clinical trials in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer have the potential to validate this pre-clinical data. (Source: Journal of Surgical Research)

Percutaneous Cholecystostomy: A Safe Alternative to Cholecystectomy in High Risk Patients

Journal of Surgical Research — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 16:40:25 +0100

Objective: Cholecystectomy is widely accepted as the treatment of choice for acute cholecystitis. Critically ill, high operative risk patients may require alternate treatment approaches. Percutaneous cholecystostomy (PC) is a minimally invasive procedure that may be of use in this patient population. The purpose of this study was to determine the safety and efficacy of PC in the treatment of acute cholecystitis at a major tertiary referral center. Methods: Records of patients undergoing PC at our institution, between January 2001 and June 2009, were retrospectively reviewed. Data were collected about age, gender, length of stay, admission diagnosis, clinical indices, co-morbidities, indication for PC, American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) physical status classification, radiologic f...

MyD88 plays a key role in LPS-induced Stat3 activation in the hypothalamus

AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology — Sat, 23 Jan 2010 00:12:04 +0100

Infection causes the production of proinflammatory cytokines, which act on the central nervous system (CNS) and can result in fever, sleep disorders, depression-like behavior, and even anorexia, although precisely how cytokines regulate the functions of the CNS remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the regulatory-molecular mechanisms by which cytokines affect hypothalamic function in a state of infection. The intraperitoneal administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a ligand of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), time-dependently (2–24 h) increased signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) phosphorylation in the hypothalamus and liver, which corresponded with anorexia observed within 24 h. Interestingly, the pattern of phosphorylation in response to LPS di...

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[Case Report] Major depression: what caused the crisis?

LANCET — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In July, 2008, a 67-year-old woman with refractory depression was referred to our institute. In 2006, she had a thymectomy for thymoma. In January, 2008, after experiencing family discord, she lost her appetite, and her bodyweight decreased by 5 kg in 1 month. She became pessimistic and self-recriminating and made several suicide attempts. CT showed no evidence of a recurrence of the thymoma. Neurological examination showed only slight muscle weakness of her limbs, but the cause of her anorexia remained unclear despite further in-hospital examinations such as gastrointestinal tract endoscopies and systemic contrast-enhanced CT. She was diagnosed as having depression and was transferred to a regional psychiatric hospital, where she was treated sequentially with sertraline, paroxetine, clomi...

From shock therapy to psychotherapy: The role of Peter Dally in the revolutions of anorexia nervosa treatment

European Eating Disorders Review — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: European Eating Disorders Review)

More Than Just Anorexia and Steroid Abuse: Effects of Media Exposure on Attitudes Toward Body Image and Self-Efficacy

Atlantic Journal of Communication — Thu, 21 Jan 2010 15:15:46 +0100

(Source: Atlantic Journal of Communication)

Anorexia, Bulimia, and the Female Athlete Triad: Evaluation and Management

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 14:14:33 +0100

The female athlete triad is an increasingly prevalent condition involving disordered eating, amenorrhea, and osteoporosis. An athlete can suffer from all 3 components of the triad, or just 1 or 2 of the individual conditions. The main element underlying all the aspects of the triad is an adaptation to a negative caloric balance. Screening for these disorders should be an important component of an athlete's care. Prevention and treatment should involve a team approach, including a physician, a nutritionist, and a mental health provider. (Source: Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America)

Narrowing an Eating Disorder

NYT — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 06:52:30 +0100

When anorexia, bulimia and other labels don’t fit, experts use other labels for disordered eating. (Source: NYT)

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Narrowing an Eating Disorder

NYT > Health — Mon, 18 Jan 2010 18:04:06 +0100

When anorexia, bulimia and other labels don’t fit, experts use other labels for disordered eating. (Source: NYT > Health)

Torsion of a giant pedunculated liver hemangioma mimicking acute appendicitis: a case report

World Journal of Emergency Surgery — Mon, 18 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Hemangiomas are the most common benign neoplasms affecting the liver. They occur at all ages. Most cases are asymptomatic and do not require any treatment. Rarely, hemangiomas can be pedunculated. If they undergo torsion and infarction, they become symptomatic. Herein; we report the case of a 31 year old male presenting with features of acute appendicitis: continuous right iliac fossa pain, rebound, guarding tenderness at McBurney' s point, nausea, anorexia, shifted white blood cell count and a Mantrels score of 6. At laparotomy a normal appendix was observed and a torsioned pedinculated liver hemangioma turned out to be the cause. (Source: World Journal of Emergency Surgery)

Deletion of the gene encoding MyD88 protects from anorexia in a mouse tumor model.

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity — Mon, 18 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ruud J, Bäckhed F, Engblom D, Blomqvist A The anorexia-cachexia syndrome, characterized by a rise in energy expenditure and loss of body weight that paradoxically are associated with loss of appetite and decreased food intake, contributes significantly to the morbidity and mortality in cancer. While the pathophysiology of cancer anorexia-cachexia is poorly understood, evidence indicates that pro-inflammatory cytokines are key mediators of this response. Although inflammation hence is recognized as an important component of cancer anorexia-cachexia, the molecular pathways involved are largely unknown. We addressed this issue in mice carrying a deletion of the gene encoding MyD88, the key intracellular adaptor molecule in Toll-like and interleukin-1 family receptor signalin...

The Anorexia of Aging: Is It a Geriatric Syndrome?

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association — Mon, 18 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study, in conjunction with others, contributes significantly to our pool of knowledge about anorexia of aging, an area that remains substantially poorly studied. Nonetheless, a number of issues related to definition of secondary anorexia and possible interventions for elderly subjects with anorexia need to be addressed. (Source: Journal of the American Medical Directors Association)

Three-weekly S-1 plus cisplatin chemotherapy as first-line treatment for advanced gastric cancer

Medical Oncology — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 00:47:52 +0100

Abstract Combination chemotherapy of S-1 and cisplatin has shown promising activity against advanced gastric cancer, but the schedules and dose intensities of S-1 and cisplatin have not been consistent in several clinical trials. We investigated the efficacy and toxicity of 3-weekly S-1/cisplatin chemotherapy as first-line treatment in metastatic or relapsed gastric cancer (MRGC). Forty-six patients with MRGC were prospectively enrolled. S-1 (80 mg/m2/day; days 1–14) and cisplatin (60 mg/m2; day 1) were administrated every 3 weeks. Among 46 patients who received chemotherapy, one achieved a complete response and 21 achieved a partial response, resulting in an overall response rate (RR) of 48%. Thirteen patients (28%) had stable disease and eight patients (1...

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Prevention of high-fat diet-induced muscular lipid accumulation in rats by {alpha} lipoic acid is not mediated by AMPK activation [Research Articles]

The Journal of Lipid Research — Thu, 14 Jan 2010 18:23:49 +0100

We examined whether chronic ALA supplementation prevents muscular lipid accumulation that is associated with high-fat diets via activation of AMPK. In addition, we tested if ALA supplementation was able to improve insulin sensitivity in rats fed low- and high-fat diets (LFD, HFD). Supplementing male Wistar rats with 0.5% ALA for 8 weeks significantly reduced body weight, both on LFD and HFD (–24% LFD+ALA vs. LFD, P < 0.01, and –29% HFD+ALA vs. HFD, P < 0.001). Oil red O lipid staining revealed a 3-fold higher lipid content in skeletal muscle after HFD compared with LFD and ALA-supplemented groups (P < 0.05). ALA improved whole body glucose tolerance (~20% lower total area under the curve (AUC) in ALA supplemented groups vs. controls, P < 0.05). These effects were no...

Bilateral Oculomotor Palsy Secondary to Pseudotumor Cerebri

Pediatric Neurology — Tue, 12 Jan 2010 15:55:39 +0100

Idiopathic intracranial hypertension is the syndrome of elevated intracranial pressure without clinical, laboratory, or imaging evidence of intracranial pathology. The classic symptoms include headache, nausea, and vomiting. It may also be associated with blurry vision, diplopia, stiff neck, increasing head size, photophobia, anorexia, retro-orbital pain, lightheadedness, myalgia, and head tilt. Sixth nerve palsy is documented in 10-40% of patients with pseudotumor cerebri, in most series, but third nerve palsy is very rarely associated with pseudotumor cerebri. Described here is the novel case of a pseudotumor cerebri patient who had bilateral partial oculomotor palsy with sparing of the pupillary fibers. (Source: Pediatric Neurology)

Validity and reliability of the Chinese language version of the eating disorder examination (CEDE) in Mainland China: Implications for the identity and nosology of the eating disorders

International Journal of Eating Disorders — Tue, 12 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

To investigate the crosscultural validity and reliability of the Chinese Language version of the Eating Disorder Examination (CEDE) in Wuhan, China, and to examine the psychopathogical profile of eating disorder patients in central Mainland China.We administered the CEDE to 41 eating disorder patients (anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa) with 43 noneating disorder controls. Specialists in eating disorders made the clinical diagnosis according to DSM-IV criteria. CEDE data between the two groups were compared.The CEDE demonstrates good internal consistency, test-retest reliability, and inter-examiner reliability. All CL-EDE subscales discriminated between patients with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa from non-eating disordered controls. The CEDE has satisfactory sensitivity, specifici...

Safety, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics of AMG 102, a Fully Human Hepatocyte Growth Factor-Neutralizing Monoclonal Antibody, in a First-in-Human Study of Patients with Advanced Solid Tumors.

Clinical Cancer Research — Tue, 12 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: AMG 102 is safe and well tolerated, has a favorable pharmacokinetic profile, and will be further investigated as a monotherapy and in combination with other agents. Clin Cancer Res; 16(2); 699-710. PMID: 20068101 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Cancer Research)

Symptoms of psychosis in anorexia and bulimia nervosa

Psychiatry Research — Mon, 11 Jan 2010 16:57:28 +0100

Abstract: Despite evidence from case series, the comorbidity of eating disorders with psychosis is less investigated than their comorbidity with anxiety and mood disorders. We investigated the occurrence of symptoms of psychosis in 112 female patients diagnosed with DSM-IV eating disorders (anorexia nervosa=61, bulimia nervosa=51) and 631 high school girls in the same health district as the patients: the items of the SCL-90R symptom dimensions “paranoid ideation” and “psychoticism” were specifically examined. No case of co-morbid schizophrenia was observed among patients. Compared with controls, the patients with anorexia nervosa were more likely to endorse the item “Never feeling close to another person”; the patients with bulimia nervosa were more likely to endorse the item �...

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Anorexia

MedicineNet Chronic Pain General — Mon, 11 Jan 2010 07:00:00 +0100

Title: AnorexiaCategory: Diseases and ConditionsCreated: 12/31/1997Last Editorial Review: 1/11/2010 (Source: MedicineNet Chronic Pain General)

Anorexia

MedicineNet Crohn's Disease General — Mon, 11 Jan 2010 07:00:00 +0100

Title: AnorexiaCategory: Diseases and ConditionsCreated: 12/31/1997Last Editorial Review: 1/11/2010 (Source: MedicineNet Crohn's Disease General)

Anorexia

MedicineNet Senior Health General — Mon, 11 Jan 2010 07:00:00 +0100

Title: AnorexiaCategory: Diseases and ConditionsCreated: 12/31/1997Last Editorial Review: 1/11/2010 (Source: MedicineNet Senior Health General)

Anorexia

MedicineNet Feet and Fitness General — Mon, 11 Jan 2010 07:00:00 +0100

Title: AnorexiaCategory: Diseases and ConditionsCreated: 12/31/1997Last Editorial Review: 1/11/2010 (Source: MedicineNet Feet and Fitness General)

Anorexia

MedicineNet Depression General — Mon, 11 Jan 2010 07:00:00 +0100

Title: AnorexiaCategory: Diseases and ConditionsCreated: 12/31/1997Last Editorial Review: 1/11/2010 (Source: MedicineNet Depression General)

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Phase I/II study of a fine-powder formulation of cisplatin for transcatheter arterial chemoembolization in hepatocellular carcinoma

Hepatology Research — Mon, 11 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: TACE with a fine-powder formulation of CDDP in a dose of 65 mg/m2 is well tolerated in patients with unresectable HCC. (Source: Hepatology Research)

Oxidative stress, l-arginine-nitric oxide and arginase pathways in platelets from adolescents with anorexia nervosa.

Blood Cells, Molecules & Diseases — Mon, 11 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Rodrigues Pereira N, Bandeira Moss M, Assumpção CR, Cardoso CB, Mann GE, Brunini TM, Mendes-Ribeiro AC Anorexia nervosa (AN) is associated with high cardiovascular mortality. Nitric oxide (NO) inhibits platelet function and regulates the cardiovascular homeostasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the l-arginine-NO-GMPc and arginase pathways and oxidative stress in platelets from patients with AN. Intraplatelet l-arginine transport, NOS expression and activity, cGMP levels, platelet aggregation, arginase expression and oxidative stress were measured in adolescent patients with AN (n=11) and healthy controls (n=12). Plasma l-arginine levels were significantly reduced in AN. l-arginine transport, NOS activity and cGMP basal levels were reduced in platelets asso...

Psychiatric Disorders (Axis I and Axis II) and Self-Immolation: A Case-Control Study from Iran*

Journal of Forensic Sciences — Mon, 11 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study suggests that adjustment disorder is a risk factor for self-immolation. As a result, it has been suggested that increasing education about problem-solving approaches, and coping skills for females and at-risk groups are appropriate prevention programs and strategies in Iranian communities. PMID: 20070465 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences)

Phase I evaluation of cediranib, a selective VEGFR signalling inhibitor, in combination with gefitinib in patients with advanced tumours

European Journal of Cancer — Mon, 11 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Combination treatment was generally well tolerated and showed encouraging antitumour activity in patients with advanced solid tumours. These results merit further exploration. (Source: European Journal of Cancer)

The effectiveness of a day program for the treatment of adolescent anorexia nervosa

International Journal of Eating Disorders — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study presents preliminary results of an open clinical trial of a day program for adolescents with AN.Participants were 26 anorectic females, 12-18 years, who completed the "Transition Program."Significant change emerged on measures of weight gain, and behavioral and attitudinal measures of eating pathology. Large effect sizes were evident for weight gain at 6 month follow-up. Preliminary trends suggest that treatment gains on these and other measures of eating pathology were maintained at 6 month follow-up.Preliminary results support day program treatment for adolescents with mild-moderately severe eating disorders. Present outcomes are discussed with respect to the dearth of efficacious treatment options for adolescents. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2010) (So...

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Eeg in adolescent anorexia nervosa: Impact of refeeding and weight gain

International Journal of Eating Disorders — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

To examine resting awake EEG in adolescent AN participants before and after refeeding to determine if EEG abnormalities in Anorexia Nervosa (AN) are reversible.In 37 adolescent first admission AN patients and 45 healthy controls, EEG was recorded during short duration "eyes open" and "eyes closed" awake resting conditions. Repeat testing occurred in 28 AN participants after refeeding and subsequent weight gain.In "eyes open," underweight AN participants exhibit reduced relative alpha power and increased beta power in frontal brain regions. A significant increase in alpha, and decrease in beta and delta power was observed within participants after refeeding. In "eyes closed", underweight AN participants had elevated theta in parietal-occipital regions which remained after refeeding.EEG abno...

Uniting couples (in the treatment of) anorexia nervosa (UCAN)

International Journal of Eating Disorders — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We present the UCAN treatment for patients with AN and their partners and discuss important considerations in the delivery of the intervention.With further evaluation, we expect that UCAN will emerge to be an effective, acceptable, disseminable, and developmentally tailored intervention that will serve to improve both core AN pathology as well as couple functioning. © 2010 by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Int J Eat Disord 2010) (Source: International Journal of Eating Disorders)

Emotional Theory of Mind and Emotional Awareness in Recovered Anorexia Nervosa Patients

Psychosomatic Medicine — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 21:45:33 +0100

Conclusions: These findings indicate almost complete normalization of emotion recognition ability as well as the restoration of eToM in recovered patients, despite the observation of difficulties in both domains in currently ill patients. Findings suggest that similarities between AN and ASD in poor eToM are restricted to the currently ill AN state and such difficulties in AN may be a factor of starvation. (Source: Psychosomatic Medicine)

Atypical antipsychotics and anorexia nervosa: A review

European Eating Disorders Review — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

There is currently mixed opinion regarding the value of using atypical antipsychotics to treat anorexia nervosa (AN).To evaluate the literature on the use of atypical antipsychotics in AN.A review of all studies and clinical guidelines published before September 2009 involving use of an atypical antipsychotic in patients with AN. Analysis is by narrative synthesis.Forty-three publications or study protocols were found, including four randomized-controlled trials, five open-label trials and 26 case reports. The most studied drugs were olanzapine, quetiapine and risperidone. Atypical antipsychotics appear safe and there is some evidence of positive effects on depression, anxiety and core eating disordered psychopathology in patients with anorexia nervosa. Currently there is insufficient evid...

Predicting the weight gain required for recovery from anorexia nervosa with pelvic ultrasonography: An evidence-based approach

European Eating Disorders Review — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study aimed to explore the correlations between the maturity grading on pelvic U/S and weight for height (WfH) ratios and body mass index (BMI) percentiles. Ultrasound studies were performed in 72 female adolescents (aged 11-17 years at intake) with AN. Scans were graded for maturity using published parameters of pelvic maturity and compared with the patient's WfH ratio and BMI percentile. In our sample was a wide variation of WfH ratios and BMI percentiles at each grade of maturity. This supports the view that arbitrary targets for weight, WfH ratio or BMI percentile are likely to be unnecessarily high for some patients and too low for others. We recommend that targets be based upon baseline pelvic U/S grading and follow-up scanning. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and Eatin...

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June Alexander with Prof. Daniel Le Grange (2009) "My Kid is Back": Empowering parents to beat anorexia nervosa Melbourne University Press: Melbourne, pp. 320, ISBN 978-0522856002

European Eating Disorders Review — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

No Abstract (Source: European Eating Disorders Review)

Anorexia nervosa, osteoporosis and circulating leptin: the missing link

Osteoporosis International — Wed, 06 Jan 2010 06:48:14 +0100

Conclusion The mechanisms underlying bone loss in AN patients remain unclear and complex, involving hypoestrogenia as well as nutritional factors such as insulin-like growth factor and leptin. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00198-009-1120-xAuthors I. Legroux-Gérot, University of Lille II Department of Rheumatology 59037 Lille Cédex FranceJ. Vignau, University of Lille II Department of Addictology 59037 Lille Cédex FranceE. Biver, University of Lille II Department of Rheumatology 59037 Lille Cédex FranceP. Pigny, University of Lille II Department of Biology 59037 Lille Cédex FranceF. Collier, University of Lille II Department of Gynaecology 59037 Lille Cédex FranceX. Marchandise, University of Lille II Department of Nuclear Medic...

Painful Purple Toes

New England Journal of Medicine — Wed, 06 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

A 57-year-old man presented to the emergency department with painful purple discoloration of three toes on his left foot. He had also had intermittent blurry vision, intermittent chest pain, fatigue, anorexia, drenching night sweats, and a weight loss of 7 kg (15 lb) over the previous 3 weeks. His roommate commented that the patient had been slightly confused. (Source: New England Journal of Medicine)

How should DSM-V classify eating disorder not otherwise specified (EDNOS) presentations in women with lifetime anorexia or bulimia nervosa?

Psychological Medicine — Tue, 05 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Subthreshold presentations in women with lifetime AN and BN were common, resembled the initial diagnosis, and were associated with modest improvements in psychosocial functioning. For most with lifetime AN and BN, subthreshold presentations seem to represent part of the course of illness and to fit within the original AN or BN diagnosis. PMID: 20047706 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Psychological Medicine)

Weekly paclitaxel for heavily treated advanced or recurrent gastric cancer refractory to fluorouracil, irinotecan, and cisplatin

Gastric Cancer — Mon, 04 Jan 2010 06:46:12 +0100

Conclusion Weekly paclitaxel administration shows activity against advanced gastric cancer also in the third-line setting. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10120-009-0524-9Authors Rai Shimoyama, Shizuoka Cancer Center Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho Shizuoka 411-8777 JapanHirofumi Yasui, Shizuoka Cancer Center Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho Shizuoka 411-8777 JapanNarikazu Boku, Shizuoka Cancer Center Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho Shizuoka 411-8777 JapanYusuke Onozawa, Shizuoka Cancer Center Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology 1007 Shimonagakubo, Nagaizumi-cho Shizuoka 411-8777 JapanShuichi Hironaka, Shizuoka Cancer...

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Phase I trial of two schedules of vincristine, oral irinotecan, and temozolomide (VOIT) for children with relapsed or refractory solid tumors: A Children's Oncology Group phase I consortium study

Pediatric Blood and Cancer — Mon, 04 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We examined this three-drug combination in children with relapsed solid tumors. Patients received orally administered irinotecan together with temozolomide and vincristine on two different schedules, using cefixime to reduce irinotecan-associated diarrhea.Oral irinotecan was given daily on days 1-5 and 8-12 (Schedule A), or on days 1-5 (Schedule B). Temozolomide was given on days 1-5, with vincristine 1.5 mg/m2 administered on days 1 and 8 (Schedule A) or day 1 (Schedule B) in 21-day courses.On Schedule A, the maximum tolerated dose of oral irinotecan was 35 mg/m2/day combined with temozolomide 100 mg/m2/day and vincristine on days 1 and 8. Dose-limiting toxicities in 4 of 12 patients included hepatotoxicity, abdominal pain, anorexia, hypokalemia, and thrombocytopenia at 50 mg/m2/day. Usin...

Obese and anorexic yeasts: Experimental models to understand the metabolic syndrome and lipotoxicity.

Biochimica et Biophysica Acta — Mon, 04 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Kohlwein SD Lipotoxicity is the pathological consequence of lipid overflow in non-adipose tissue, mediated through reactive lipid moieties which may even lead to lipid-induced cell death (lipoapoptosis). This derailment of cellular and organismal fat homeostasis is the consequence of obesity due to continued over-feeding, and contributes substantially to the pathogenesis of insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease, which are all components of the metabolic syndrome. Now, does yeast, a single-celled eukaryote, ever suffer from the metabolic syndrome and what can we potentially learn from studies in this organism about the underlying molecular mechanism that lead to lipid-associated pathologies in human cells? In this review I will summarize the re...

A night with friends, overshadowed by food

Psychology Today Relationships Center — Sun, 03 Jan 2010 18:47:52 +0100

My boyfriend and I have just come back from a night in London with friends, a couple like us. I've got on so splendidly well with them in the past, but this time everything felt subtly different, and food was mostly to blame, I think.I felt a first twinge of discomfort when, as he set about preparing the lunch, she said to him that she didn't want anything - then, to me, that she'd had ‘quite a big breakfast' so wasn't hungry. In fact, as he laid out the spread of salads and cold meats and chicken curry, she decided either that she was hungry after all, or that she'd be polite and join in, and she took a couple of small helpings of salad. Neither of them had any of the bread and butter, bought specially for us, it seemed; he was for a long time overweight, and lost weight by a low-carb r...

10 To 15 Percent Of Women May Be Affected By Disordered Eating

Health News from Medical News Today — Fri, 01 Jan 2010 10:00:00 +0100

Several maladaptive eating behaviors, beyond anorexia, can affect women. Indeed, some 10 to 15 percent of women have maladaptive eating behaviours and attitudes according to new study from the UniversitÃ© de MontrÃ©al and the Douglas Mental Health University Institute published in the International Journal of Eating Disorders. "Our results are disquieting," says Lise Gauvin, a professor at the UniversitÃ© de MontrÃ©al Department of Social and Preventive Medicine. "Women are exposed to many contradictory messages... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)