MedWorm: Arteriosclerosis

Oxygen: both a passenger and a biological determinant in the vasculature.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Sat, 20 Mar 2010 00:06:23 +0100

Authors: Giordano FJ PMID: 20237326 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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CCN Notch Signaling in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells: Good or Bad?

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Sat, 20 Mar 2010 00:06:20 +0100

Authors: Abe J, Yan C PMID: 20237327 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Indications for catheter-directed thrombolysis in the management of acute proximal deep venous thrombosis.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Sat, 20 Mar 2010 00:06:15 +0100

Authors: Patterson BO, Hinchliffe R, Loftus IM, Thompson MM, Holt PJ Deep vein thromboses (DVTs) cause significant morbidity and mortality in the general population. Oral anticoagulation therapy may reduce thrombus propagation but does not cause clot lysis and therefore does not prevent postthrombotic syndrome (PTS). Catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) can be used to treat DVTs as an adjunct to medical therapy, but there is no consensus defining exact indications. Current evidence suggests that CDT can reduce clot burden and DVT recurrence and consequently prevents the formation of PTS compared with systemic anticoagulation. Appropriate indications include younger individuals with acute proximal thromboses, a long life expectancy, and relatively few comorbidities. Limb-threatening thr...

Saturated Fatty acids and inflammation: who pays the toll?

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Sat, 20 Mar 2010 00:06:12 +0100

Authors: Chait A, Kim F PMID: 20237329 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

PI3K(p110{alpha}) Protects Against Myocardial Infarction-Induced Heart Failure: Identification of PI3K-Regulated miRNA and mRNA.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Sat, 20 Mar 2010 00:06:05 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Activation of PI3K(p110alpha) protects the heart against MI-induced heart failure. Cardiac-selective targets that mediate the protective effects of PI3K(p110alpha) represent new drug targets for heart failure. PMID: 20237330 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Targeting Lymphatic Vessel Activation and CCL21 Production by Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Receptor-3 Inhibition Has Novel Immunomodulatory and Antiarteriosclerotic Effects in Cardiac Allografts.

Circulation — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions-These results show that VEGFR-3 participates in immune cell traffic from peripheral tissues to secondary lymphoid organs by regulating allograft lymphatic vessel CCL21 production and suggest VEGFR-3 inhibition as a novel lymphatic vessel-targeted immunomodulatory therapy for cardiac allograft rejection and arteriosclerosis. PMID: 20231530 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Circulation)

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Combination of clopidogrel and everolimus dramatically reduced the development of transplant arteriosclerosis in murine aortic allografts

Transplant International — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Our group has shown that platelet inhibition with clopidogrel, an antagonist of the P2Y12 adenosine diphosphate receptor on platelets, reduced the formation of transplant arteriosclerosis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether a combination of cyclosporin or everolimus with clopidogrel has a beneficial effect on the development of transplant arteriosclerosis. Fully MHC mismatched C57Bl/6 (H2b) donor aortas were transplanted into CBA.J (H2k) recipients and mice received either clopidogrel alone (1 mg/kg/day) or in combination with cyclosporin (2 mg/kg/day) or everolimus (0.05 mg/kg/day). Grafts were analysed by histology and morphometry on day 30 after transplantation. In mice treated with clopidogrel alone, transplant arteriosclerosis was significantly reduced [intima proliferat...

Soluble Epoxide Hydrolase Deficiency Attenuates Neointima Formation in the Femoral Cuff Model of Hyperlipidemic Mice.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These observations suggest that inhibition of sEH prevents vascular remodeling in an inflammatory model but not in a blood flow-dependent model of neointima formation. PMID: 20224052 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Activation of AMP-Activated Protein Kinase by 5-Aminoimidazole-4-Carboxamide-1-{beta}-D-Ribofuranoside in the Muscle Microcirculation Increases Nitric Oxide Synthesis and Microvascular Perfusion.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Activation of AMPK by AICAR activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase in arteriolar endothelium by increasing its Ser1177 phosphorylation, which leads to vasodilation of resistance arteries and recruitment of microvascular perfusion in muscle. PMID: 20224051 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Impact of metabolic indices on central artery stiffness: independent association of insulin resistance and glucose with aortic pulse wave velocity

Diabetologia — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 15:41:26 +0100

Conclusions/interpretation IGR characterised by fasting or post-challenge hyperglycaemia is associated with significant vascular stiffening. Post-challenge glucose and HOMA-IR are the most powerful metabolic predictors of arterial stiffness, implying hyperglycaemic excursion and insulin resistance play important roles in the pathogenesis of arteriosclerosis. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00125-010-1689-9Authors D. R. Webb, University of Leicester Diabetes and Vascular Research Group, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences Leicester LE1 5WW UKK. Khunti, University of Leicester Department of Health Sciences Leicester UKR. Silverman, University of Leicester Diabetes and Vascular Research Group, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences Leicester L...

Classification of hypocholesterolemia lipid patterns using Chol/Trig Combination System.

International Journal of Molecular Medicine — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 13:22:26 +0100

Authors: Ooi K, Sugimoto K, Shiraki K, Yamamoto N, Tameda M, Beppu T, Tanaka J, Nojiri K, Kusagawa S, Takei Y, Masuda C, Nobori T Patterns of hypocholesterolemic lipid fractions in 295 patients with liver diseases, malignant tumors, arteriosclerotic and renal diseases with cholesterol (Chol) levels of <30 mg/dl were classified using a simultaneous analytical method for the Chol and triglyceride (TG) fractions (Chol/Trig Combo System). Hypocholesterolemia was classified as follows: IV, Type IV on WHO hyperlipidemia phenotype classification; intermediate density lipoprotein (IDL), cases with appearance of IDL, including appearance of Lp(a); high + low density lipoproteins (HDL+LDL), lipids mostly consisting of HDL and LDL fractions; HDL abnormality, cases with slow alphaHDL or fast HD...

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Sustained Inhibition of Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein Is Involved in the Long-Term Therapeutic Effects of Apheresis in Dialysis Patients.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that LDL apheresis decreases oxidized LDL and inflammation and improves endothelial cell function in the responders. This may be one of the mechanisms involved in the long-term therapeutic effect of LDL apheresis on peripheral circulation in hemodialysis patients. PMID: 20203302 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Improved Lipid and Glucose Metabolism in Transgenic Rats With Increased Circulating Angiotensin-(1-7).

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These results show that increased circulating angiotensin-(1-7) levels lead to prominent changes in glucose and lipid metabolism. PMID: 20203301 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Histamine H1 Receptor Promotes Atherosclerotic Lesion Formation by Increasing Vascular Permeability for Low-Density Lipoproteins.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These data indicate that H1 but not H2 receptor activation drives the formation of atherosclerotic lesions through an increased vascular permeability for LDL, which is associated with an enhanced secondary aortic and systemic inflammation. These data open novel perspectives for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerotic vascular disease. PMID: 20203300 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Simvastatin Decreases Endothelial Progenitor Cell Apoptosis in the Kidney of Hypertensive Hypercholesterolemic Pigs.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: EPC are recruited but undergo apoptosis in the HTC kidney, likely because of a hostile microenvironment. Simvastatin rescues renal repair mechanisms in HTC and counteracts renal damage, which may account for its protective effects on the kidney during exposure to cardiovascular risk factors. PMID: 20203299 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Cholate-Containing High-Fat Diet Induces the Formation of Multinucleated Giant Cells in Atherosclerotic Plaques of Apolipoprotein E-/- Mice.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Apolipoprotein E-/- mice fed a Paigen diet provide a model to analyze the tissue-destructive role of MGCs in vascular diseases. PMID: 20203298 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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Expression of cytokine genes in the aorta is altered by the deficiency in MCP-1: Effect of a high-fat, high-cholesterol diet.

Cytokine — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: There is a complex network of interactions linking MCP-1 and other cytokines. The lack of MCP-1 limits the aortic response to atherogenic stimuli, but does not completely protect against neointima formation. Activation of alternative inflammatory pathways in the vascular wall in response to MCP-1 deficiency should be considered to fully understand the actual role of this chemokine. PMID: 20207162 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cytokine)

Central Sleep Apnea Indicates Autonomic Dysfunction in Asymptomatic Carotid Stenosis: A Potential Marker of Cerebrovascular and Cardiovascular Risk

Sleep — Sat, 27 Feb 2010 16:38:43 +0100

Conclusions: CSA indicates autonomic dysfunction in patients with asymptomatic eICA stenosis. Detection of CSA may help to identify asymptomatic patients with an increased risk of cerebrovascular or cardiovascular events who particularly benefit from carotid revascularization. Keywords: Central sleep apnea, carotid stenosis, autonomic dysfunction, heart rate variability (Source: Sleep)

The effect of the long term aspirin administration on the progress of atherosclerosis in apoE-/- LDLR-/- double knockout mouse

Thrombosis Research — Fri, 26 Feb 2010 14:24:46 +0100

Conclusion: Our results suggest that endothelial dysfunction with low dose aspirin improved, reduced progression of atherosclerosis in apoE-/- and LDLR-/- double deficient mice and provides a pathophysiological basis for the beneficial effects of aspirin in atherosclerosis, and low doses appeared to be more efficient than high doses. (Source: Thrombosis Research)

Thoracic Aortic Aneurysm: Clinically Pertinent Controversies and Uncertainties

Journal of the American College of Cardiology — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 13:51:46 +0100

This paper addresses clinical controversies and uncertainties regarding thoracic aortic aneurysm and its treatment. 1) Estimating true aortic size is confounded by obliquity, asymmetry, and noncorresponding sites: both echocardiography and computed tomography/magnetic resonance imaging are necessary for complete assessment. 2) Epidemiology of thoracic aortic aneurysm. There has been a bona fide increase in incidence of aortic aneurysm making aneurysm disease the 18th most common cause of death. 3) Aortic growth rate. Although a virulent disease, thoracic aortic aneurysm is an indolent process. The thoracic aorta grows slowly—0.1 cm/year. 4) Evidence-based intervention criteria. It is imperative to extirpate the thoracic aorta before rupture or dissection occurs; surgery at 5.0- to 5.5-cm...

A comprehensive study of cardiovascular risk factors, cardiac function and vascular disease in children with chronic renal failure

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 08:19:38 +0100

Conclusions. This study shows that children with CKD are exposed to risk factors and demonstrate signs of cardiovascular disease already at a young age. The possible role of uric acid and homocysteine in the evolution of cardiovascular disease is discussed. Further studies looking at possible interventions to prevent cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in this high risk population are needed. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)

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Carotid intima-media thickness and bone turnover: the role of C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen

Internal and Emergency Medicine — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 08:02:29 +0100

Abstract Osteoporosis and vascular disease are commonly found together in elderly people. Several common mechanisms and risk factors have been suggested to contribute to the development of osteoporosis and atherosclerosis. The present cross-sectional study was performed to determine whether the degree of bone turnover is correlated to carotid intima-media thickness (CCA-IMT), as a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis. We selected 50 outpatients (mean age 71.7 ± 12.3), underwent to eco-Doppler evaluation of extracranial carotid tract, without history of calcium and/or vitamin D supplementation, or antireabsorptive therapy. CCA-IMT was measured by high-resolution B-mode ultrasonography. Bone turnover was evaluated by analysing serum levels of C-terminal telopepti...

When endothelial progenitor cell says i2 shall limit neointima formation!

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Sun, 21 Feb 2010 19:50:15 +0100

Authors: Sainz J, Sata M PMID: 20167663 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Mechanical stretch and intimal hyperplasia: the missing link?

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Sun, 21 Feb 2010 19:50:12 +0100

Authors: Lee S, Lee RT PMID: 20167664 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Hemostasis and vascular dementia.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Sun, 21 Feb 2010 19:50:09 +0100

Authors: Bath PM, Anderton PR, Ankolekar S PMID: 20167665 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Laminar Shear Stress Modulates Phosphorylation and Localization of RNA Polymerase II on the Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase Gene.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Sun, 21 Feb 2010 19:50:06 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that laminar shear stress enhances eNOS mRNA 3' polyadenylation by modulating phosphorylation and localization of Pol II. PMID: 20167666 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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Association of Circulating Matrix Metalloproteinases With Carotid Artery Characteristics. The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Carotid MRI Study.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Circulating levels of specific MMPs and TIMP-1 were associated with carotid wall remodeling and structural changes related to plaque burden in elderly participants. PMID: 20167662 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Identification and Assessment of Plasma Lysozyme as a Putative Biomarker of Atherosclerosis.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Increased plasma lysozyme levels may be a useful biomarker of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease and response to therapy. Additional studies to investigate this are warranted. Surface-enhanced laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used successfully to screen for plasma biomarkers of atheroma in patients with coronary artery disease and led to the identification of lysozyme as a candidate. The elevation of lysozyme was shown to be associated with disease severity in patients with atherosclerosis. PMID: 20167661 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Evidence That Niacin Inhibits Acute Vascular Inflammation and Improves Endothelial Dysfunction Independent of Changes in Plasma Lipids.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Previous human intervention studies have demonstrated that niacin inhibits coronary artery disease. This benefit is thought to be because of its ability to reduce low-density lipoprotein and plasma triglyceride levels and increase high-density lipoprotein levels. The present study showed that niacin inhibits vascular inflammation and protects against endothelial dysfunction independent of changes in plasma lipid levels. PMID: 20167660 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

DGAT1 Participates in the Effect of HNF4A on Hepatic Secretion of Triglyceride-Rich Lipoproteins.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: This study identified DGAT1 as an important protein that participates in the effect of HNF4A on hepatic secretion of TRLs. PMID: 20167659 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Nitro-Fatty Acids Reduce Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These results reveal the antiatherogenic actions of electrophilic nitro-fatty acids in a murine model of atherosclerosis. PMID: 20167658 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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Inhibition of Glycosphingolipid Synthesis Induces a Profound Reduction of Plasma Cholesterol and Inhibits Atherosclerosis Development in APOE*3 Leiden and Low-Density Lipoprotein Receptor-/- Mice.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: By lowering plasma cholesterol, the iminosugar AMP-DNM dramatically reduces the development of atherosclerosis in APOE*3 Leiden and low-density lipoprotein receptor -/- mice. Thus, targeting GSL synthesis may be a new treatment modality to prevent cardiovascular disease. PMID: 20167657 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Adenosine Receptor A2A Deficiency in Leukocytes Increases Arterial Neointima Formation in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: A2AR plays a complex role in inflammation and tissue injury. The deficiency of A2AR enhances the homing ability of leukocytes and increases the formation of the arterial neointima after injury. A2AR antagonists are being tested for the treatment of neurodegenerative and other chronic diseases. An evaluation of the effect of A2AR antagonists on arterial restenosis after arterial angioplasty should be conducted. PMID: 20167656 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Intranasal Immunization With an Apolipoprotein B-100 Fusion Protein Induces Antigen-Specific Regulatory T Cells and Reduces Atherosclerosis.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Nasal administration of an apoB-100 peptide fused to CTB attenuates atherosclerosis and induces regulatory Tr1 cells that inhibit T effector responses to apoB-100. PMID: 20167655 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Endothelial Cells Engraft Into the Ischemic Hindlimb and Restore Perfusion.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 18 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: In contrast to parental ESCs, ESC-ECs preferentially localized in the ischemic hindlimb by IA, IM, and IV delivery. ESC-ECs engrafted into the ischemic microvasculature, enhanced neovascularization, and improved limb perfusion. PMID: 20167654 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Low levels of natural antibodies behind stroke

ScienceDaily Headlines — Sat, 13 Feb 2010 10:00:00 +0100

The chances of suffering a stroke are linked to the presence of a certain type of antibody in the immune system, a new study from Sweden shows. The researchers hope to be able to develop a vaccine that can mobilize the body's own defense against arteriosclerosis and stroke. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)

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Low Levels Of Natural Antibodies Behind Stroke

Health News from Medical News Today — Sat, 13 Feb 2010 09:00:00 +0100

The chances of suffering a stroke are linked to the presence of a certain type of antibody in the immune system, a new study from Karolinska Institutet shows. The researchers hope to be able to develop a vaccine that can mobilise the body's own defence against arteriosclerosis and stroke. The research group, which was led by Professor Johan Frostegard, has previously demonstrated that high levels of a certain type of antibody (anti-PC) in the immune defence are linked to a reduced risk of arteriosclerosis, a common cause of thrombosis and myocardial infarction... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Low Levels Of Natural Antibodies Behind Stroke

Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today — Sat, 13 Feb 2010 09:00:00 +0100

Low Levels Of Natural Antibody Linked To Stroke Risk

Health News from Medical News Today — Fri, 12 Feb 2010 18:00:00 +0100

New research from Sweden reveals that a person's chance of having a stroke is linked to low levels of a natural antibody in the immune system: the researchers hope to develop a vaccine that stimulates the immune system to boost levels of the antibody and thus increase the body's own defences against arteriosclerosis and stroke. The finding is the result of a study led by Professor Johan FrostegÃ¥rd at the Karolinska Institutet in Stockholm, Sweden, and you can read a report about it online in the 11 February issue of Stroke, a journal of the American Heart Association... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Low Levels Of Natural Antibody Linked To Stroke Risk

Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today — Fri, 12 Feb 2010 18:00:00 +0100

Low levels of natural antibodies behind stroke

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Fri, 12 Feb 2010 05:00:00 +0100

(Karolinska Institutet) The chances of suffering a stroke are linked to the presence of a certain type of antibody in the immune system, a new study from Karolinska Institutet shows. The researchers hope to be able to develop a vaccine that can mobilize the body's own defense against arteriosclerosis and stroke. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

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Enhanced External Counterpulsation Attenuates Atherosclerosis Progression Through Modulation of Proinflammatory Signal Pathway.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggested that long-term EECP exerts a retarding effect on atherosclerosis by downregulating proinflammatory gene expression. The underlying mechanisms are related to chronic exposure to increased pulsatile shear stress promoted by EECP; this exposure suppresses the overactivation of the MAPK-P38/NF-kappaB/VCAM-1 signaling pathway induced by hypercholesterolemia. PMID: 20150561 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Rheumatic Disease and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Accelerated atherosclerosis is a common complication of autoimmune rheumatic diseases, with early changes seen even in pediatric patients. CIMT was significantly increased in rheumatic disease populations. Future studies need to use a standardized protocol to ensure clinically meaningful results when measuring CIMT as a surrogate for premature atherosclerosis. PMID: 20150560 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

CREB Downregulation in Vascular Disease. A Common Response to Cardiovascular Risk.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These data support a model wherein loss of VSMC CREB protein, which renders these cells more susceptible to activation and apoptosis, is a common pathological response to vascular injury and potentially contributes to plaque progression. PMID: 20150559 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Genome-Wide Association Study Identifies Variants at the IL18-BCO2 Locus Associated With Interleukin-18 Levels.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: This study identified several novel variants at the IL18-BCO2 locus associated with IL-18 levels. PMID: 20150558 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Macrophage LRP-1 Controls Plaque Cellularity by Regulating Efferocytosis and Akt Activation.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Macrophage LRP-1 deficiency increases cell death and inflammation by impairing phosphorylated Akt activation and efferocytosis. Increased apolipoprotein E expression in LRP-1(-/-) macrophages suggests that the LRP-1/apolipoprotein E axis regulates the balance between apoptosis and efferocytosis, thereby preventing necrotic core formation. PMID: 20150557 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease as the Transducer of Hepatic Oversecretion of Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein-Apolipoprotein B-100 in Obesity.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: In patients with obesity, hepatic steatosis increases VLDL-apoB-100 secretion. Weight loss can help reduce this abnormality. PMID: 20150556 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Fractalkine has anti-apoptotic and proliferative effects on human vascular smooth muscle cells via epidermal growth factor receptor signalling

Cardiovascular Research — Wed, 10 Feb 2010 16:28:21 +0100

Conclusion We have demonstrated two novel and important functions of CX3CL1 on primary human SMCs: anti-apoptosis and proliferation, both mediated via epiregulin-induced EGFR signalling. Our data have important implications in vascular pathologies including atherosclerosis, restenosis, and transplant accelerated arteriosclerosis, where the balance of SMC proliferation and apoptosis critically determines both plaque stability and vessel stenosis. (Source: Cardiovascular Research)

Mouse Aorta Smooth Muscle Cells Differentiate Into Lymphoid Tissue Organizer-Like Cells on Combined Tumor Necrosis Factor Receptor-1/Lymphotoxin {beta}-Receptor NF-{kappa}B Signaling.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: SMC may participate in the formation of tertiary lymphoid tissue in atherosclerosis by upregulation of lymphorganogenic chemokines involved in T-lymphocyte, B-lymphocyte, and macrophage/dendritic cell attraction. PMID: 20139367 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

SERCA2b Activity Is Regulated by Cyclophilins in Human Platelets.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Cyclophilin A is a regulator of SERCA2b in human platelets. PMID: 20139366 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

D609 Inhibits Progression of Preexisting Atheroma and Promotes Lesion Stability in Apolipoprotein E-/- Mice. A Role of Phosphatidylcholine-Specific Phospholipase in Atherosclerosis.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that PC-PLC contributes to the progression of atherosclerosis. PMID: 20139365 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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Current Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Key NS, Kasthuri RS Venous thromboembolism, comprising deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism, is a common disorder with at least 250 000 new events occurring each year in the United States alone. Treatment of venous thromboembolism includes anticoagulation, which is achieved initially with the use of a parenterally administered agent followed by a more prolonged course of treatment with an oral vitamin K antagonist. The duration of treatment depends on the clinical assessment of the benefit-to-risk ratio of prolonged anticoagulation versus the risk of recurrent events. In this review, we discuss some of the issues that we believe are among the most critical unanswered questions in the management of venous thromboembolism in the present era. PMID: 20139364 [PubMed - a...

Inhibition of Factor XIa as a New Approach to Anticoagulation.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Schumacher WA, Luettgen JM, Quan ML, Seiffert DA The dose-limiting issue with available anticoagulant therapies is bleeding. Is there an approach that could provide antithrombotic protection with reduced bleeding? One hypothesis is that targeting proteases upstream from the common pathway provides a reduction in thrombin sufficient to impede occlusive thrombosis yet allows enough thrombin generation to support hemostasis. The impairment of intrinsic coagulation by selective inhibition of factor XI (FXI) leaves the extrinsic and common pathways of coagulation intact, making FXI a drug target. This concept is supported by the observation that human deficiency in FXI results in a mild bleeding disorder compared with other coagulation factor deficiencies, and that elevated levels ...

Magnetic Resonance Molecular Imaging of Thrombosis in an Arachidonic Acid Mouse Model Using an Activated Platelet Targeted Probe.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: P975 allowed in vivo target-specific noninvasive MRI of activated platelets. PMID: 20139362 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Periprocedural Anticoagulation Management of Patients With Venous Thromboembolism.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Thromboembolism, bleeding, and death among VTE patients in whom anticoagulation is temporarily interrupted for an invasive procedure is low. Cancer patients require particular care given their propensity for both clotting and bleeding. PMID: 20139361 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Blockade of the Ras-Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase 1/2 Pathway Is Involved in Smooth Muscle 22{alpha}-Mediated Suppression of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation and Neointima Hyperplasia.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that high expression of SM22alpha inhibits cell proliferation via reduction of the response to mitogen stimuli in VSMCs and provide a novel mechanism by which VSMCs maintain their contractile phenotype and resist mitogenic stimuli in an SM22alpha-dependent manner. PMID: 20139360 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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From Bystander to Commander. How Smooth Muscle Cells Promote Lymphoid Tissue Neogenesis.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Gerdes N PMID: 20139359 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein-Activated c-Jun NH2-Terminal Kinase Regulates Manganese Superoxide Dismutase Ubiquitination. Implication for Mitochondrial Redox Status and Apoptosis.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: OxLDL-induced JNK activation regulates mitochondrial redox status and Mn-SOD protein degradation via JNK-dependent ubiquitination, leading to endothelial cell apoptosis. PMID: 20139358 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Rivaroxaban: A New Oral Factor Xa Inhibitor.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Perzborn E, Roehrig S, Straub A, Kubitza D, Mueck W, Laux V Rivaroxaban is a direct inhibitor of factor Xa, a coagulation factor at a critical juncture in the blood coagulation pathway leading to thrombin generation and clot formation. It is selective for human factor Xa, for which it has >10 000-fold greater selectivity than for other biologically relevant serine proteases (half-maximal inhibitory concentration [IC50], >20 mumol/L). Rivaroxaban inhibits factor Xa in a concentration-dependent manner (inhibitory constant [Ki], 0.4 nmol/L) and binds rapidly (kinetic association rate constant [kon], 1.7x10(7) mol/L(-1) s(-1)) and reversibly (kinetic dissociation rate constant [koff], 5x10(-3) s(-1)). By inhibiting prothrombinase complex-bound (IC50, 2.1 nmol/L) and clot-ass...

Coagulation Factor IXa as a Target for Treatment and Prophylaxis of Venous Thromboembolism.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This article discusses the rationale for factor IXa as an anticoagulant target and the potential role in venous thromboembolism prevention or management of the 2 factor IXa inhibitors that have undergone testing in phase 1 or 2 trials: TTP889, an oral, small-molecule compound, and RB006, an aptamer-based compound, the intravenous and subcutaneous formulations of which are the anticoagulant components of the REG1 and REG2 anticoagulation systems, respectively. PMID: 20139356 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

CCN3 Inhibits Neointimal Hyperplasia Through Modulation of Smooth Muscle Cell Growth and Migration.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: CCN3 suppresses neointimal thickening through the inhibition of VSMC migration and proliferation. Our findings indicate the involvement of CCN3 in vascular homeostasis, especially on injury, and the potential usefulness of this molecule in the modulation of atherosclerotic vascular disease. PMID: 20139355 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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DVT: A New Era in Anticoagulant Therapy.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mackman N, Becker RC PMID: 20139354 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

A Kampo Medicine, Boi-ogi-to, Inhibits Obesity in Ovariectomized Rats

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine — Thu, 04 Feb 2010 03:56:30 +0100

In women facing menopause, end of menstrual activity is accompanied by lower levels of estrogen and gradual weight gain. Postmenopausal weight gain sounds an alarm for women's health and may lead to hyperlipidemia, a lipid increase and glucose intolerance. These phenomena are connected to lifestyle-related diseases such as hypertension, type II diabetes mellitus, arteriosclerosis and metabolic syndrome, making it essential to prevent weight gain in women. A Kampo medicine, Boi-ogi-to, is traditionally used to treat obese conditions, but the mechanism has not yet been investigated. In this experiment, we tested the antiobesity properties of Boi-ogi-to in ovariectomized rats by measuring changes of serum cytokine levels and adipocytokines in fat cells. After treatment with this extract for 6...

[Effects of simvastatin on vasa vasorum and aortic endothelial function in rats.]

Journal of Southern Medical University — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Hyperlipidemia can impair the vasa vasorum and aortic endothelial function. Simvastatin increases VEGF and NO and promotes neogenesis of the vasa vasorum for the benefit of the aortic function. PMID: 20159699 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Southern Medical University)

The immunology of fibrosis: innate and adaptive responses.

Trends in Immunology — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Wick G, Backovic A, Rabensteiner E, Plank N, Schwendtner C, Sgonc R Fibrosis is an important health problem, and its pathogenetic principles are still largely unknown. It can develop either spontaneously, or, more frequently, as a consequence of various underlying diseases. Irrespective of the primary cause, however, fibrotic tissue is always infiltrated by mononuclear immune cells. In most instances the reason for the attraction of these cells to fibrotic tissue and their proliferation remains to be determined; however their cytokine profile shows clear-cut proinflammatory and profibrotic characteristics. In this review, we discuss the innate and adaptive immune reactions associated with the development of fibrosis and the molecular basis of the profibrotic mechanisms taking ...

Focus on obesity.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 21:52:12 +0100

Authors: Fisher EA PMID: 20089947 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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Patch instead of pill: a safer menopausal estrogen?

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 21:52:10 +0100

Authors: Cushman M PMID: 20089948 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

HDL structure, function, therapeutics, and imaging.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 21:52:08 +0100

Authors: Hazen S PMID: 20089949 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Signaling by the high-affinity HDL receptor scavenger receptor B type I.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 21:52:05 +0100

Authors: Saddar S, Mineo C, Shaul PW Scavenger receptor B type I (SR-BI) plays an important role in mediating cholesterol exchange between cells, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, and other lipoproteins. SR-BI in hepatocytes is essential for reverse cholesterol transport and biliary secretion of HDL cholesterol; thus, it is atheroprotective. More recently, it has been discovered that the HDL-SR-BI tandem serves other functions that also likely contribute to HDL-related cardiovascular protection. A number of the latter mechanisms, particularly in endothelial cells, involve unique direct signal initiation by SR-BI that leads to the activation of diverse kinase cascades. SR-BI signaling occurs in response to plasma membrane cholesterol flux. It requires the C-terminal PDZ-intera...

Dialysis modality is independently associated with circulating endothelial progenitor cells in end-stage renal disease patients

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation — Thu, 21 Jan 2010 09:33:20 +0100

Conclusions. CAPD treatment could be a positive regulator of number of circulating EPCs in subjects with ESRD, with the relationship independent of the status of arteriosclerosis. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)

Paraoxonase‐1 Gene Haplotypes Are Associated with Metabolic Disturbances, Atherosclerosis, and Immunologic Outcome in HIV‐Infected Patients

The Journal of Infectious Diseases Latest Issue — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 15:23:02 +0100

Conclusions. PON1 haplotypes segregate with HIV infection, HDL metabolism, the presence of subclinical atherosclerosis, and CD4+ cell recovery after treatment. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases Latest Issue)

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MicroRNA-1 and -499 Regulate Differentiation and Proliferation in Human-Derived Cardiomyocyte Progenitor Cells.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: miRNAs regulate the proliferation of human CMPC and their differentiation into cardiomyocytes. By modulating miR-1 and -499 expression levels, human CMPC function can be altered and differentiation directed, thereby enhancing cardiomyogenic differentiation. PMID: 20081117 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Gap Junction Protein Cx37 Interacts With Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase in Endothelial Cells.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Overall, our data show for the first time a functional and specific interaction between eNOS and Cx37. This interaction may be relevant for the control of vascular physiology both in health and in disease. PMID: 20081116 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Intronic CArG Box Regulates Cysteine-Rich Protein 2 Expression in the Adult but Not in Developing Vasculature.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 14 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Although CRP2 expression during development is independent of CArG box regulatory sites, CRP2 expression in adult VSMC requires CArG2 element within the first intron. Our results suggest that distinct mechanisms regulate CRP2 expression in VSMC that are controlled by separate embryonic and adult regulatory modules. PMID: 20075421 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

The Ability to Promote Efflux Via ABCA1 Determines the Capacity of Serum Specimens With Similar High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol to Remove Cholesterol From Macrophages.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 14 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Sera with similar HDL-C or apoA-I differ in their ability to promote macrophage efflux because of differences in the concentration of prebeta-1 HDL. PMID: 20075420 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Effects of Caspase Inhibitor on Angiotensin II-Induced Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm in Apolipoprotein E-Deficient Mice.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 14 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that medial SMC apoptosis may contribute to vascular inflammation and thus aneurysm formation, in part through production of MCP-1. PMID: 20075419 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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In response to Fox and Sonis

Radiotherapy and Oncology — Thu, 14 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In this study, neither inhibition of TNF-α (by the antibody infliximab) nor of COX-2 (by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor celecoxib) resulted in modulation of the epithelial response of oral mucosa during fractionated irradiation. The conclusion from these observations was that those inflammatory changes mediated through TNF-α or COX-2 are not relevant for the radiation effects of oral epithelium. In their letter, Fox and Sonis stress that one explanation for the missing effect of infliximab (not of celecoxib) might be a lack of cross-reactivity with murine TNF-α. This possibility was discussed in the original paper , where we explained that infliximab (administered in protocols comparable to those used in our study) was effective in a number of mouse models of various diseases, such as di...

Occupational lifestyle diseases: An emerging issue

Indian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine — Tue, 12 Jan 2010 17:03:59 +0100

Sharma Mukesh, Majumdar P KIndian Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine 2009 13(3):109-112Lifestyle diseases characterize those diseases whose occurrence is primarily based on the daily habits of people and are a result of an inappropriate relationship of people with their environment. The main factors contributing to lifestyle diseases include bad food habits, physical inactivity, wrong body posture, and disturbed biological clock. A report, jointly prepared by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the World Economic Forum, says India will incur an accumulated loss of $236.6 billion by 2015 on account of unhealthy lifestyles and faulty diet. According to the report, 60% of all deaths worldwide in 2005 (35 million) resulted from noncommunicable diseases and accounted ...

Chylomicrons ‘proatherogenic in mice’

MedWire News - Lipidology — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Chylomicronemia causes atherosclerosis in mice, shows a study published this month in the journal Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology. (Source: MedWire News - Lipidology)

Protease Imaging of Human Atheromata Captures Molecular Information of Atherosclerosis, Complementing Anatomic Imaging.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These results could justify and facilitate clinical trials to evaluate the use of protease-sensing molecular optical imaging in human atherosclerosis patients. PMID: 20056915 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

ANRIL Expression Is Associated With Atherosclerosis Risk at Chromosome 9p21.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our data provide robust evidence for an association of ANRIL but not CDKN2A, CDKN2B, C9orf53, and MTAP, with atherosclerosis and Chr9p21 genotype in a large cohort. PMID: 20056914 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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Loss of the Serum Response Factor Cofactor, Cysteine-Rich Protein 1, Attenuates Neointima Formation in the Mouse.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Smooth muscle CRPs are not essential for normal smooth muscle differentiation during development, but may act antagonistically to modulate the smooth muscle response to pathophysiological stress. PMID: 20056913 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Metallothionein Enhances Angiogenesis and Arteriogenesis by Modulating Smooth Muscle Cell and Macrophage Function.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: MT plays an important role in collateral flow recovery and angiogenesis, an activity that appears to be mediated, in part, by the effects of MT on the functionality of 3 cell types essential for these processes: endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and macrophages. PMID: 20056912 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

An Autocrine Linkage Between Matrix Metalloproteinase-14 and Tie-2 Via Ectodomain Shedding Modulates Angiopoietin-1-Dependent Function in Endothelial Cells.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: An autocrine linkage between the endothelial protein kinase C-MMP-14 axis and Tie-2 shedding was shown to be a novel regulatory mechanism for the Ang-Tie-2 system and may play a role in modulating endothelial function during angiogenesis. PMID: 20056911 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

c-Jun N-Terminal Kinase Primes Endothelial Cells at Atheroprone Sites for Apoptosis.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Spatial variation of JNK1 activity delineates the spatial distribution of apoptosis and turnover of EC in arteries. PMID: 20056910 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Propionyl-L-Carnitine Improves Postischemic Blood Flow Recovery and Arteriogenetic Revascularization and Reduces Endothelial NADPH-Oxidase 4-Mediated Superoxide Production.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our results provided strong evidence that PLC improves postischemic flow recovery and revascularization and reduces endothelial NADPH-oxidase-related superoxide production. We recommend that PLC should be included among therapeutic interventions that target endothelial function. PMID: 20056909 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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Plasmin Triggers Chemotaxis of Monocyte-Derived Dendritic Cells Through an Akt2-Dependent Pathway and Promotes a T-Helper Type-1 Response.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Plasmin generation in the atherosclerotic vessel wall might contribute to accumulation of DC, activation of the adaptive immune response, and aggravation of atherosclerosis. PMID: 20056908 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Proteomics approach to study the mechanism of action of grape seed proanthocyanidin extracts on arterial remodeling in diabetic rats.

International Journal of Molecular Medicine — Fri, 01 Jan 2010 22:58:34 +0100

Authors: Li XL, Li BY, Gao HQ, Cheng M, Xu L, Li XH, Zhang WD, Hu JW Arterial remodeling is the change in structural properties of vessel in diabetes mellitus and contributes to the development of vascular complications. To prevent this development and to improve diabetic vascular complications, effective therapies directed toward the key molecular target are required. Grape seed proanthocyanidin extracts (GSPE) have been reported to be effective in treating arteriosclerosis, while little is known about the functional protein changes. We used streptozocin to induce diabetic rats. GSPE (250 mg/kg body weight/day) were administrated to diabetic rats for 24 weeks. Consequently, 2-D difference gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry were used to investigate aortic protein profiles among ...

Antiaging research using klotho mice.

Yakugaku Zasshi : Journal of the Pharmaceutical Society of Japan — Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Manya H, Akasaka-Manya K, Endo T The klotho mouse shows multiple phenotypes resembling human aging caused by the mutation of a single gene. This mutation is caused by the insertion of ectopic DNA into the regulatory region of the alpha-klotho gene. The alpha-klotho gene encodes a type I membrane protein that is expressed predominantly in the kidney and brain. As a result of a defect in alpha-klotho gene expression, the klotho mouse exhibits multiple age-associated disorders, such as arteriosclerosis, osteoporosis, pulmonary emphysema and short life span. However, the mechanism by which the alpha-klotho gene product suppresses the aging phenomena has not been identified. Analysis of the pathophysiology of klotho mice is expected to give clues not only to understanding the mecha...

Colestimide, an anion exchange resin agent, can decrease the number of LDL particles without affecting their size in patients with hyperlipidemia.

Journal of Cardiology — Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Short-term administration of colestimide to patients with hyperlipidemia reduced LDL particle numbers. LDL particle size was not changed. PMID: 20122550 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Cardiology)

Vitamin K2 Helps Prevent Heart Disease and Osteoporosis

NaturalNews.com — Wed, 30 Dec 2009 07:00:00 +0100

(NaturalNews) There is very little publicity about Vitamin K. It is generally known as important for blood coagulation. However, it is essential for your health beyond that. It`s a nutrient that can help prevent serious health issues like heart disease, especially arteriosclerosis or hardening of the arteries. And it`s important for preventing osteoporosis, a disease that causes bones to become brittle.Yet there are many who are Vitamin K deficient. So it`s good to know what the best sources of vitamin K are.What is Vitamin K?There are three kinds of vitamin K: K1, K2, and K3. Vitamin K is generally classified as a fat soluble vitamin. This means in order to absorb vitamin K it`s necessary to consume some dietary fat along with your Vitamin K source.Vitamin K`s are distinguished by their s...

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HDL as a treatment target†

Journal of Clinical Lipidology — Mon, 28 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

W. Virgil Brown, MD: I have taken advantage of having some of the most noted experts in lipoprotein metabolism gathered during the 2009 American Heart Association Scientific Sessions to have a roundtable discussion of a most difficult topic in clinical lipidology. Our topic is “high-density lipoprotein (HDL) as a potential target of treatment.” The major issues are whether HDL truly offers an opportunity for therapeutic intervention, what aspect of this complex system do we modify, and how do we do it. I would like to begin by discussing our current state of knowledge about HDL metabolism and its biochemical and physiological role in vascular disease. Second, we should discuss the effectiveness of current methods of modifying HDL. Finally, I hope to hear your opinions as to the resear...

What is Truth? Standards of Scientific Integrity in American Heart Association Journals.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Sun, 20 Dec 2009 11:54:13 +0100

Authors: Miano JM PMID: 20018938 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Smoking out the cause of thrombosis.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Sun, 20 Dec 2009 11:54:08 +0100

Authors: Campbell RA, Machlus KR, Wolberg AS PMID: 20018940 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and plasma lipid transport.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Sun, 20 Dec 2009 11:54:05 +0100

Authors: Havel RJ This memoir provides a history of the triglyceride-rich lipoproteins of blood plasma over the last half-century. As precursors of low-density lipoproteins and in their own right, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins are essential to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and to consequent ischemic vascular disease. The author recounts research at the National Heart Institute during 1953 to 1956 and continuing thereafter at the University of California San Francisco. Emphasis is placed on key insights arising from investigations of human disease, the interplay of fatty acid and triglyceride-transport involving the liver, small intestine, adipose tissue and muscle, and the role of the liver in the synthesis and catabolism of atherogenic lipoproteins. PMID: 20018941 [Pub...

The effect of MTHFR c.677C>T on plasma homocysteine levels depends on health, age and smoking.

Clinical and Investigative Medicine — Sat, 19 Dec 2009 15:54:03 +0100

CONCLUSION: In our study, the association of the MTHFR c.677C > T genotype with plasma homocysteine levels was weakened by other factors that impact homocysteine levels. The effect of MTHFR c.677C > T on plasma homocysteine levels may, thus, be of major importance for healthy, young, non-smoking persons. Such specifications may explain the controversial results of epidemiological studies on the relevance of MTHFR c.677C > T. PMID: 20003837 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical and Investigative Medicine)

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Evaluation of the polymorphism in the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) genes of tympanosclerosis patients

Auris, Nasus, Larynx — Sat, 19 Dec 2009 14:13:40 +0100

Conclusion: TS may not appear in many patients who had undergone middle ear infection, and had perforation for many years. The polymorphism in arteriosclerosis in the TLR4 gene which caused the inflammatory cytokines oscillation recognize the bacterial LPS, was also accused. It is engrossing to find out from the results of our study on a restricted number of patients, and on only one gene, that molecular reasons which display genetic differences can also be effective in forming TS. Serial researches of greater dimensions are required. (Source: Auris, Nasus, Larynx)

Heat Shock Cognate Protein 70 Is Essential for Akt Signaling in Endothelial Function.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, Hsc70 plays a significant role in ECs via the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway. Hsc70 may provide the basis for the development of new therapeutic strategies for angiogenesis. PMID: 20018937 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Phosphorylation and Acetylation of Histone H3 and Autoregulation by Early Growth Response 1 Mediate Interleukin 1{beta} Induction of Early Growth Response 1 Transcription.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: IL-1beta induction of EGR-1 transcription involves histone H3 phosphorylation, acetylation, and autoregulation by EGR-1. PMID: 20018936 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Local Atherosclerotic Plaques Are a Source of Prognostic Biomarkers for Adverse Cardiovascular Events.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Plaque osteopontin levels in single lesions are predictive for cardiovascular events in other vascular territories. Local atherosclerotic plaques are a source of prognostic biomarkers with a high predictive value for secondary manifestations of atherosclerotic disease. PMID: 20018935 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Pathways by Which Reconstituted High-Density Lipoprotein Mobilizes Free Cholesterol From Whole Body and From Macrophages.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The bulk mobilization of FC observed in circulation after rHDL administration is primarily mediated by SR-BI. However, cholesterol mobilization from macrophages to rHDL is primarily mediated by ABCG1. PMID: 20018934 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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Bioinformatic Analysis of Gene Sets Regulated by Ligand-Activated and Dominant-Negative Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor {gamma} in Mouse Aorta.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 17 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These results provide convincing evidence that the PPARgamma P465L mutation causes transcriptional effects that are opposite to those mediated by PPARgamma ligand, thus validating mice carrying the mutation as a model of PPARgamma interference. PMID: 20018933 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Resistin: a newly identified chemokine for human CD4-positive lymphocytes

Cardiovascular Research — Wed, 09 Dec 2009 18:37:25 +0100

Conclusion These data support an active role of resistin in CD4-positive lymphocyte chemotaxis and elucidate molecular mechanisms in resistin-induced cell migration. (Source: Cardiovascular Research)

Identification of Two Common Variants Contributing to Serum Apolipoprotein B Levels in Mexicans.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: We identified two novel variants, rs1349411 and rs1424032, for serum apoB levels in Mexicans. PMID: 19965785 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Mechano-Sensitive Transcriptional Factor Egr-1 Regulates Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor Expression and Contributes to Neointima Formation in Vein Grafts.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Egr-1 is a mechano-sensitive transcriptional factor that stimulates IGF-1R transcription, resulting in vascular remodeling of vein grafts. PMID: 19965784 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Human Sickle Cell Blood Modulates Endothelial Heme Oxygenase Activity. Effects on Vascular Adhesion and Reactivity.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our results highlight important associations between SCD and HO byproducts, which may counteract vascular complications of SCD. PMID: 19965783 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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Is Sticky Blood Bad for the Brain? Hemostatic and Inflammatory Systems and Dementia in the Caerphilly Prospective Study.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The associations of these hemostatic markers with vascular dementia may implicate clot formation as the primary mechanism and are consistent with a microinfarct model of vascular dementia. PMID: 19965782 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Atorvastatin Inhibits gp91phox Circulating Levels in Patients With Hypercholesterolemia.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our study demonstrates that statins exert an antioxidant effect via inhibition of soluble gp91(phox) expression. PMID: 19965781 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-{gamma} Coactivator 1-{alpha} Overexpression Prevents Endothelial Apoptosis by Increasing ATP/ADP Translocase Activity.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: PGC-1alpha regulates reactive oxygen species generation and apoptosis in endothelial cells by increasing fatty acid oxidation and enhancing ATP/ADP translocase activity. Measures to increase PGC-1alpha expression or ATP/ADP translocase activity in vascular cells may aid in the prevention or treatment of atherosclerosis. PMID: 19965780 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Pharmacological Inhibition of C-C Chemokine Receptor 2 Decreases Macrophage Infiltration in the Aortic Root of the Human C-C Chemokine Receptor 2/Apolipoprotein E-/- Mouse: Magnetic Resonance Imaging Assessment.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: An MRI was used to noninvasively assess the decreased macrophage content in the atherosclerotic plaque after selective CCR2 inhibition. PMID: 19965779 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells Regulates Osteopontin Expression in Arterial Smooth Muscle in Response to Diabetes-Induced Hyperglycemia.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These results identify a glucose-sensitive transcription pathway in vivo, revealing a novel molecular mechanism that may underlie vascular complications of diabetes. PMID: 19965778 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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L-4F Alters Hyperlipidemic (But Not Healthy) Mouse Plasma to Reduce Platelet Aggregation.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: By binding plasma-oxidized lipids that cause platelet hyperreactivity in hyperlipidemic mice, L-4F decreases platelet aggregation. PMID: 19965777 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

The 5A Apolipoprotein A-I Mimetic Peptide Displays Antiinflammatory and Antioxidant Properties In Vivo and In Vitro.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Like apoA-I, the 5A peptide inhibits acute inflammation and oxidative stress in rabbit carotids and HCAECs. In vitro, the 5A peptide exerts these beneficial effects through interaction with ABCA1. PMID: 19965776 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Mesothelioma Survivor: Man Achieves Tumor Disappearance Through Traditional and Alternative Therapy

Asbestos and Mesothelioma News — Wed, 02 Dec 2009 15:24:25 +0100

An article in the Journal of Medical Case Reports recently reported a case of pleural mesothelioma in a 73-year-old man in which the complete disappearance of the tumor was achieved through both traditional and alternative therapies. Authors of the article report that “a pleurectomy was performed, and as expected, the tumor locally relapsed with increasing chest pain. However, the symptoms suddenly improved while the tumor was apparently reduced, and spontaneous tumor regression was initially considered. The patient confessed that he had self-administered a mushroom extract with alternative parasympathetic nerve stimulation therapy [a type of acupuncture] thereafter.” Throughout a 29-month follow-up, the complete disappearance of the tumor was clinically attained with continuing self-t...

Exercise capacity, quality of life, and daily activity in the long-term follow-up of patients with univentricular heart and total cavopulmonary connection

European Heart Journal — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 08:08:42 +0100

Conclusion Despite their diminished exercise capacity, patients after TCPC show a fairly normal activity pattern. However, their activity depends not only on age, but also on exercise capacity, which, in contrast to healthy people, decreases already from early adolescence on. (Source: European Heart Journal)

Cystatin C: A better marker to detect coronary artery sclerosis.

Journal of Cardiology — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest Cys-C might be one of the risk factors for coronary arteriosclerosis in the patients with suspected ischemic heart disease without any history of coronary artery disease. Cys-C was a useful marker to detect coronary artery disease and the level of Cys-C could reflect the severity of coronary arteriosclerosis. PMID: 19944310 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Cardiology)

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Management of a Thoracic Aortic Coarctation Presenting as Severe Hypertension and Increasing Dyspnea on Exertion

Journal of Vascular Surgery — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Background: Adult thoracic aortic coarctation is universally fatal by the fifth decade if left untreated, primarily due to the accelerated arteriosclerosis. Repair of this rare thoracic pathology in adults presents several technical challenges due to thickness of the aortic wall, difficulties in aortic arch mobilization, large intercostal arteries, and poststenotic aneurysm formation. There is a paucity of discussion of thoracic coarctation in the vascular literature; however, various repair approaches have been advocated in the cardiothoracic literature, including end-to-end anastomosis, path angioplasty repair, and subclavian-to-thoracic aorta bypass. (Source: Journal of Vascular Surgery)

Maternal mortality in Slovenia: Case report and the method of identifying pregnancy-associated deaths

Forensic Science International Supplement Series — Fri, 27 Nov 2009 16:16:37 +0100

We report on the case of fatal intracerebral haemorrhage that followed the development of severe preeclampsia/eclampsia with haemolysis, elevated liver enzymes, and low platelets (HELLP) syndrome in a 22-year-old primipara. Peculiarities of the reported case are abrupt onset of preeclampsia/eclampsia during the delivery, fulminant course of the disease, minimal changes in kidneys and signs of pre-existing accelerated arteriosclerosis. Since very few forensic pathologists have sufficient experience with such cases and the differential diagnosis may be difficult, we consider it necessary that in all maternal deaths the post-mortem examination is performed by a team of two forensic pathologists and the case further analysed in collaboration with expert obstetrician.Maternal deaths are rare in...

Low-density lipoprotein apheresis for haemodialysis patients with peripheral arterial disease reduces reactive oxygen species production via suppression of NADPH oxidase gene expression in leucocytes

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation — Tue, 24 Nov 2009 09:02:16 +0100

Conclusions. LDL-A improved ischaemic symptoms in HD patients with PAD by reducing ROS production in leucocytes. We conclude that LDL-A is an effective therapy for patients with HD complicated by PAD. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)

Artery Disease in Some Very Old Patients

NYT > Health — Mon, 23 Nov 2009 22:10:35 +0100

Doctors scanned Egyptian mummies and found signs of atherosclerosis, a disease typically thought of as a modern ill. (Source: NYT > Health)

Novelties: From the Lab, a New Weapon Against Cholesterol

NYT > Health — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 19:57:14 +0100

Tiny particles containing gold and other metals may someday help keep cholesterol from building up in blood vessels. (Source: NYT > Health)

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Editorial Board.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 20:16:15 +0100

Authors: PMID: 19923554 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Atherosclerosis: Should We Stop TWEAKing It?

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 20:16:12 +0100

Authors: King VL PMID: 19923555 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

ApoAII Controversy Still in Rabbit?

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 20:16:10 +0100

Authors: Shimano H PMID: 19923556 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Tissue Factor: Past, Present, and Future.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 20:16:07 +0100

Authors: Mackman N, Taubman M PMID: 19923557 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

What Is Wrong With the Allosteric Disulfide Bond Hypothesis?

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 20:16:05 +0100

Authors: Bach RR, Monroe D PMID: 19923558 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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Arterial stiffness in dialysis patients: where are we now?

International Urology and Nephrology — Wed, 18 Nov 2009 19:03:51 +0100

Abstract Patients with end-stage renal disease treated by chronic dialysis have an impressive mortality, which more than half of this mortality is attributable to cardiovascular disease. Despite stratification for sex, race, and the presence of diabetes, cardiovascular disease mortality is 10–30 times higher in dialysis patients compared to general population. In dialysis patients, both atherosclerosis (mainly affecting the intima of the arteries) and arteriosclerosis (affecting predominantly the media of large- and middle-sized arteries diffusely) are highly prominent. Arteriosclerosis characterized by reduced arterial compliance (i.e., reduced elasticity of the arteries) is due to increased fibrosis, loss of elastic fibers, and extensive vessel wall calcification. Arter...

The effect of statin therapy on the progression of carotid artery stenosis in relation to stenosis severity

Acta Neurologica Scandinavica — Mon, 16 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion [ndash] Treatment with statins already in early stages of ICA stenosis might delay the progression and even reverse the degree of stenosis. (Source: Acta Neurologica Scandinavica)

American Heart Association Junior Investigator Award for Women

ScanGrants feed — Sun, 15 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Sponsored by the Women’s Leadership Committee of the Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular BiologyThe Junior Investigator Award for Women helps recruit and retain women in the field of arteriosclerosis, thrombosis and vascular biology by recognizing excellent research conducted by women.CriteriaThe applicant must: * Be a junior female investigator in training in one or more ATVB fields at the time of application (graduate student or postdoctoral fellow, with no more than five consecutive years as a postdoctoral fellow). * Achieve a rating among the top 5 abstracts, fitting the criteria presented above. * Be the first author of the submitted abstract, which must not be published before the ATVB Annual Conference 2010. Abstract must meet the annual conference criter...

American Heart Association Kenneth M. Brinkhous Young Investigator Prize in Thrombosis

ScanGrants feed — Sun, 15 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Sponsored by the Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular BiologyThe Kenneth M. Brinkhous Young Investigator Prize in Thrombosis recognizes outstanding endeavors by new investigators in fundamental and applied research in thrombosis including the mechanism, detection, treatment, and prevention of thrombotic disorders.Criteria * Manuscript must be unpublished or published (or accepted for publication) after Jan. 1, 2009. * Individuals with doctoral degrees are eligible from the time of obtaining their terminal degrees to within the first five years of an initial faculty appointment at the time of the award application date. * Must be working in any area related to thrombosis. * Must have sustained effort in the research area. The manuscript may be a continuation of that eff...

American Heart Association Irvine H. Page Young Investigator Research Award

ScanGrants feed — Sun, 15 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Sponsored by the Council on Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular BiologyThe Irvine H. Page Young Investigator Research Award is open to new investigators in arteriosclerosis and vascular biology. The award recognizes investigators in the formative years of their careers who have the potential to become future leaders in cardiovascular research.Criteria * Manuscript must be unpublished or published (or accepted for publication) after Jan. 1, 2009. * Persons with doctoral degrees are eligible from the time of obtaining their terminal degrees to within the first five years of an initial faculty appointment at the time of the award application date. * Must be working in any area of research concerned with arteriosclerosis or vascular biology. * Must have sustained effort in the resea...

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Effectiveness and tolerability of the homeopathic treatment Vertigoheel for the treatment of vertigo in hypertensive subjects in general clinical practice

European Journal of Integrative Medicine — Fri, 13 Nov 2009 13:55:38 +0100

Conclusions: Vertigoheel appears to have positive effects on vertigo in hypertensive patients >aged 50 years. Given its good tolerability Vertigoheel could be particularly beneficial for treating vertigo in an elderly population with a diagnosis of hypertension and further concomitant diseases. (Source: European Journal of Integrative Medicine)

CAM-orientated therapy for age-related vertigo in cases of suspected arteriosclerosis

European Journal of Integrative Medicine — Fri, 13 Nov 2009 13:55:09 +0100

Many elderly patients with comorbid conditions such as hypertension or lipid disorders suffer from vertigo and dizziness, one of the 10 symptoms that are most commonly seen in general medical practice. The prevalence of these symptoms increases with age. Patients reported feeling unsteady, to stagger, or to have tendencies to fall. Overall, these symptoms interfere with patients’ ability of coping with everyday tasks. In up to 80% of patients, no vestibular findings are apparent, meaning that the feeling of vertigo is likely to be related to circulatory problems, orthostatic disorders or psychological causes. Symptomatic treatment with customary allopathic vertigo medication may cause side effects and interaction with other prescribed medications. These interactions most often occur with...

Vertigo—The practitioner's view

European Journal of Integrative Medicine — Fri, 13 Nov 2009 13:55:08 +0100

Dizziness and vertigo (International Classification of Disease-R42) are listed under the top 10 symptoms in an outpatient setting seeking advice by a primary care physician. The lifetime prevalence of dizziness/vertigo is reported to be up to 30% with a female preponderance. The incidence of dizziness and vertigo increases with age. Common findings of comorbidities like hypertension, lipid disorders and others pointing to arteriosclerosis in the elderly are associated with dizziness symptoms; however, a causal relationship is not uniformly given. Therefore the role of concomitant disease for dizziness in the elderly is still under discussion.Epidemiological studies from specialised vertigo referral centers usually report specific diagnosis of vestibular vertigo. Their figures might well be...

Aortic dissection in pregnancy: the incidence of a life-threatening disease

European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology — Fri, 13 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

We found that in Sweden pregnancy is linked to a 25-fold increased risk of aortic dissection among young women. Acute aortic dissection threatens life when separation of the vessel wall layers causes both (a) dilatation, with risk of aortic rupture, and (b) occlusion of the lumen, with compromised blood flow and end-organ ischemia. Increasing age, heavy smoking, arteriosclerosis and hypertension are known risk factors . Increased risk of aortic dissection also occurs in patients with Marfan's syndrome, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome and bicuspid aortic valve . Other causes include vascular inflammation, trauma and cocaine use . The vascular adaptation that occurs in pregnancy raises circulating blood volume, which in turn might also increase such risk. Despite the rarity of aortic dissection, it ...

Leptin Enhances the Potency of Circulating Angiogenic Cells Via Src Kinase and Integrin {alpha}v{beta}5. Implications for Angiogenesis in Human Obesity.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our results point to the ObR-Src kinase-alphavbeta5 cross talk as a distinct novel component of the network of specific interactions between integrins and cytokine receptors in angiogenesis. PMID: 19910644 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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Altered Plasma Fibrin Clot Properties Are Associated With In-Stent Thrombosis.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: IST patients tend to form dense fibrin clots resistant to lysis, and altered plasma fibrin clot features might contribute to the occurrence of IST. PMID: 19910643 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Loss of Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase-1 Attenuates Adipocyte Inflammation. Effects of Adipocyte-Derived Oleate.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Loss of SCD1 attenuates adipocyte inflammation and its paracrine regulation of inflammation in macrophages and endothelial cells. The reduced oleate level is linked to the inflammation-modulating effects of SCD1 deficiency. PMID: 19910642 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Obesity Genotype Score and Cardiovascular Risk in Women With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Obesity-predisposing variants may jointly affect CVD risk among women with diabetes. PMID: 19910641 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

NADPH Oxidases: Functions and Pathologies in the Vasculature.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lassègue B, Griendling KK Reactive oxygen species are ubiquitous signaling molecules in biological systems. Four members of the NADPH oxidase (Nox) enzyme family are important sources of reactive oxygen species in the vasculature: Nox1, Nox2, Nox4, and Nox5. Signaling cascades triggered by stresses, hormones, vasoactive agents, and cytokines control the expression and activity of these enzymes and of their regulatory subunits, among which p22phox, p47phox, Noxa1, and p67phox are present in blood vessels. Vascular Nox enzymes are also regulated by Rac, ClC-3, Poldip2, and protein disulfide isomerase. Multiple Nox subtypes, simultaneously present in different subcellular compartments, produce specific amounts of superoxide, some of which is rapidly converted to hydrogen per...

Genetic Association and Interaction Analysis of USF1 and APOA5 on Lipid Levels and Atherosclerosis.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings in these unique samples reinforce the roles of APOA5 and USF1 variants on cardiovascular phenotypes and suggest that both genes contribute to lipid levels and aortic atherosclerosis individually and possibly through epistatic effects. PMID: 19910639 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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Loss of Endothelial Tie1 Receptor Impairs Lymphatic Vessel Development.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our data show that loss of Tie1 results in lymphatic vascular abnormalities that precede the blood vessel phenotype. These findings indicate that Tie1 is involved in lymphangiogenesis and suggest differential requirements for Tie1 signaling in the 2 vascular compartments. PMID: 19910638 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Claudin-5 as a Novel Estrogen Target in Vascular Endothelium.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: We describe claudin-5 as a novel estrogen target in vascular endothelium and show in vivo (brain endothelium) and in vitro (brain and heart endothelium) effects of estrogen on claudin-5 levels. The estrogen-induced increase in junctional protein levels may lead to an improvement in vascular structural integrity and barrier function of vascular endothelium. PMID: 19910637 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Metabolism of Very-Low-Density Lipoprotein and Low-Density Lipoprotein Containing Apolipoprotein C-III and Not Other Small Apolipoproteins.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that apoCIII strongly inhibits hepatic uptake of VLDL and IDL overriding the opposite influence of apoE when both are present. The presence of apoCIII on dense VLDL is not associated with slow conversion to IDL, a lipoprotein lipase-dependent process; but when on light LDL, apoCIII is associated with enhanced conversion to dense LDL, a process involving hepatic lipase. PMID: 19910636 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

CD11c Expression in Adipose Tissue and Blood and Its Role in Diet-Induced Obesity.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Diet-induced obesity increased CD11c in both AT and blood in mice and humans. CD11c plays an important role in T-cell accumulation and activation in AT, and contributes to insulin resistance associated with obesity. PMID: 19910635 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Human Apolipoprotein A-II Determines Plasma Triglycerides by Regulating Lipoprotein Lipase Activity and High-Density Lipoprotein Proteome.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: ApoA-II plays a crucial role in triglyceride catabolism by regulating LPL activity, at least in part, through HDL proteome modulation. PMID: 19910634 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

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Hemorphin 7 Reflects Hemoglobin Proteolysis in Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that circulating H7 peptides may reflect proteolysis of hemoglobin in the aneurysmal intraluminal thrombus and may be used as a biological marker of pathological vascular remodeling. PMID: 19910633 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Thiazolidinediones Reduce Pathological Neovascularization in Ischemic Retina Via an Adiponectin-Dependent Mechanism.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: These data show that TZDs attenuate pathological retinal microvessel formation through APN-mediated modulation of TNF-alpha production. PMID: 19910632 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Natural Killer T Cells Are Involved in Adipose Tissues Inflammation and Glucose Intolerance in Diet-Induced Obese Mice.

Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology — Thu, 12 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: NKT cells play a crucial role in the development of adipose tissue inflammation and glucose intolerance in diet-induced obesity. PMID: 19910631 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis and Vascular Biology)

Bronchial Arteries: An Arteriosclerosis-Resistant Circulation

Karger Publishers — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Respiration (DOI:10.1159/000257926) (Source: Karger Publishers)