MedWorm: Coeliac Disease

Coeliac disease and risk of venous thromboembolism: a nationwide population‐based case‐control study

British Journal of Haematology — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: British Journal of Haematology)

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The long‐term risk of malignancy following a diagnosis of coeliac disease or dermatitis herpetiformis: a cohort study

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsThe overall risk of malignancy in coeliac patients declines with time after diagnosis and is not significantly increased after 15 years. Most of the increased risk can be attributed to the development of haematological malignancies, despite their very low absolute rate of occurrence. (Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

Oral ecosystem alterations in celiac children: A follow-up study

Archives of Oral Biology — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 16:46:12 +0100

Conclusions: The main differences amongst CD children who did or did not comply with a gluten-free diet and control children are the presence of PMNs in oral mucosa and protein salivary patterns; these findings could be considered as markers for CD, in conjunction with other signs and symptoms. (Source: Archives of Oral Biology)

Role of Radiologic Imaging in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Evidence-based Review [Evidence-based Practice]

Radiology — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Although widely used, there is a surprising paucity of evidence guiding radiologic imaging in IBS. Radiologic imaging may not be required in patients with IBS without potentially concerning symptoms but should be considered where such symptoms exist, and choice of imaging study should be influenced by predominant symptoms. Definitive recommendations must await further research. © RSNA, 2011 (Source: Radiology)

BMJ consultation: Reviewing a patient with coeliac disease

NeLM - News — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Source: BMJ Area: News This '10-minute consultation' article in the British Medical Journal (BMJ) reviews the points that should be covered when reviewing a patient diagnosed with coeliac disease who presents with recent symptoms of bloating and diarrhoea. The article notes that the types of food that can be prescribed have been recently reviewed, and it refers to Coeliac UK's revised prescribing guide (see link below). The authors note that supply of gluten-free products is led by community pharmacies in some regions, and they list some examples of monthly prescriptions for different patient groups, according to the number of "units" of gluten-free food products they need (units are allocated to each prescribable food on the basis of its carbohydrate and energy con...

Quadriplegia due to Celiac Crisis with Hypokalemia as Initial Presentation of Celiac Disease: A Case Report

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

We report an 8-year-old girl with previously undiagnosed celiac disease who presented with flaccid quadriparesis secondary to severe hypokalemia associated with celiac crisis. Diagnosis was expedited by an elevated anti-tissue transglutaminase antibody titer. The patient improved with correction of hypokalemia, corticosteroids and gluten-free diet. In tropical countries such as India, where both acute flaccid paresis and diarrhea are usually of infective etiologies, this rare clinical condition should also be considered in the differential diagnosis of both. (Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)

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Video capsule endoscopy in celiac disease: Current clinical practice

Chinese Journal of Digestive Diseases — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 20:55:33 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: VCE has a definite impact on the management of refractory sprue. In the remaining patients with established celiac disease, the procedure plays a more limited role. (Source: Chinese Journal of Digestive Diseases)

Decreased mucosal expression of intestinal alkaline phosphatase in children with coeliac disease

Virchows Archiv — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 07:07:38 +0100

Abstract A major function of the enzyme intestinal alkaline phosphatase (iAP) is the detoxification of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), the ligand of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). Hence, iAP has a role in the defence of maintaining intestinal barrier integrity. As intestinal barrier integrity is impaired in coeliac disease (CD), we tested the expression and localization of iAP in duodenal mucosa specimens from children with newly diagnosed CD (n = 10), with CD on gluten-free diet (GFD) (n = 5) and compared to those from ten healthy children. The mRNA and protein expression was determined by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis, respectively. Tissue localization of iAP and TLR4 was determined by immunofluorescence staining. iAP protein expression level was significantly lower th...

Interactions between Inflammation and Coagulation in Autoimmune and Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases.

Current Vascular Pharmacology — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Marzano AV, Tedeschi A, Polloni I, Crosti C, Cugno M Abstract Inflammation and coagulation systems are simultaneously activated in autoimmune and immune-mediated skin disorders, and the cross-talk that amplifies and maintains their activation seems to have both local and systemic implications. This interplay occurs in bullous pemphigoid (BP), the prototype autoimmune blistering disease in which eosinophil recruitment and thrombin generation locally contribute to the formation of bullae and inflammatory tissue damage. Moreover, the systemic activation of coagulation may explain the increased thrombotic risk observed in BP patients. Atopic dermatitis (AD), a chronically relapsing immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease, also involves the local and systemic activation of co...

An ELIME assay for the rapid diagnosis of coeliac disease.

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Adornetto G, Volpe G, De Stefano A, Martini S, Gallucci G, Manzoni A, Bernardini S, Mascini M, Moscone D Abstract Coeliac disease (CD) is a gluten-induced autoimmune enteropathy found in genetically susceptible subjects. Because of the high number of undetected cases, rapid and cheaper screening methods are needed. Currently, the CD diagnosis involves the detection of anti-transglutaminase IgA antibodies (anti-tTG IgA) in blood serum through the use of ELISA systems with confirmation by histology of the intestinal mucosa. A new, rapid magneto-electrochemical immunosensor for CD diagnosis has been developed and applied to serum sample analysis. The system uses magnetic beads coated with tTG antigen to detect anti-tTG antibodies in positive serum samples and an alkaline phos...

Up-regulation of small intestinal interleukin-17 immunity in untreated coeliac disease but not in potential coeliac disease or in type 1 diabetes.

Clinical and Developmental Immunology — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 21:38:48 +0100

Authors: Lahdenperä AI, Hölttä V, Ruohtula T, Salo HM, Orivuori L, Westerholm-Ormio M, Savilahti E, Fälth-Magnusson K, Högberg L, Ludvigsson J, Vaarala O Abstract Up-regulation of interleukin (IL)-17 in small intestinal mucosa has been reported in coeliac disease (CD) and in peripheral blood in type 1 diabetes (T1D). We explored mucosal IL-17 immunity in different stages of CD, including transglutaminase antibody (TGA)-positive children with potential CD, children with untreated and gluten-free diet-treated CD and in children with T1D. Immunohistochemistry was used for identification of IL-17 and forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3)-positive cells and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for IL-17, FoxP3, retinoic acid-related orphan receptor (ROR)c and interferon (IFN)-γ ...

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Monitoring of gluten-free diet compliance in celiac patients by assessment of gliadin 33-mer equivalent epitopes in feces.

The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Gluten-derived peptides could be sensitively detected in human feces in positive correlation with the amount of gluten intake. These techniques may serve to show GFD compliance or infringement and be used in clinical research in strategies to eliminate gluten immunotoxic peptides during digestion. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01478867. PMID: 22258271 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition)

Interferon--1b: First report of coeliac disease: case report

Reactions — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 19:08:18 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

How to investigate mildly elevated liver transaminase levels

Clinical Cases and Images — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 13:39:00 +0100

Mild elevations in the liver enzymes alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) are commonly found in asymptomatic patients. The most common cause is nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (sometimes called nonalcoholic steatohepatitis or NASH), which can affect up to 30% of the U.S. population. Other common liver causes include: - alcoholic liver disease - medication-associated liver injury - viral hepatitis (hepatitis B and C) - hemochromatosis Pale stool and dark urine (click to enlarge the images). This is an example of "obstructive" jaundice with the classic constellation of tea-colored urine and clay-colored stool. Less common liver causes include: - alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AAT) - autoimmune hepatitis - Wilson disease Extrahepatic conditions can also caus...

Neural regulation of inflammation: no neural connection from the vagus to splenic sympathetic neurons

Experimental Physiology — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract The ‘inflammatory reflex’ acts through efferent neural connections from the central nervous system to lymphoid organs, particularly the spleen, that suppress the production of inflammatory cytokines. Stimulation of the efferent vagus has been shown to suppress inflammation in a manner dependent on the spleen and splenic nerves. The vagus does not innervate the spleen, so a synaptic connection from vagal preganglionic neurons to splenic sympathetic postganglionic neurons was suggested. We tested this idea in rats. In a preparatory operation, the anterograde tracer DiI was injected bilaterally into the dorsal motor nucleus of vagus and the retrograde tracer Fast Blue was injected into the spleen. On histological analysis 6 weeks later, 883 neurons were retrogradely labelled f...

Up‐regulation of small intestinal interleukin‐17 immunity in untreated coeliac disease but not in potential coeliac disease or in type 1 diabetes

Clinical and Experimental Immunology — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 11:17:28 +0100

SummaryUp‐regulation of interleukin (IL)‐17 in small intestinal mucosa has been reported in coeliac disease (CD) and in peripheral blood in type 1 diabetes (T1D). We explored mucosal IL‐17 immunity in different stages of CD, including transglutaminase antibody (TGA)‐positive children with potential CD, children with untreated and gluten‐free diet‐treated CD and in children with T1D. Immunohistochemistry was used for identification of IL‐17 and forkhead box protein 3 (FoxP3)‐positive cells and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for IL‐17, FoxP3, retinoic acid‐related orphan receptor (ROR)c and interferon (IFN)‐γ transcripts. IL‐1β, IL‐6 and IL‐17 were studied in supernatants from biopsy cultures. Expression of the apoptotic markers BAX and bcl‐2 wa...

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Meta‐analysis: coeliac disease and the risk of all‐cause mortality, any malignancy and lymphoid malignancy

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsPatients with coeliac disease are at an increased risk of mortality and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma, particularly T‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma; they do not have an increased risk of any malignancy overall. Serologically defined patients with coeliac disease have an elevated risk of mortality and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma. (Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

Laparoscopic release of median arcuate ligament

Journal of Minimal Access Surgery — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

We report successful management of two patients diagnosed as MAL syndrome and treated by laparoscopic release of the MAL. (Source: Journal of Minimal Access Surgery)

A Retrospective Study of Clinical, Histological, and Immunological Characteristics in Patients With Dermatitis Herpetiformis. The Experience of Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, Spain between 1995 and 2010 and a Review of the Literature.

Actas Dermo-Sifiliograficas — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Notable findings were the frequent presence of bullous lesions, the high prevalence of celiac disease, and the positive findings on intestinal biopsy, all of which are suggestive of late diagnosis. Our findings confirm the lack of specificity of conventional histology in dermatitis herpetiformis and the association of the disease with other immunological disorders. PMID: 22245464 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Actas Dermo-Sifiliograficas)

Celiac disease and sensorineural hearing loss in children.

Acta Oto-Laryngologica — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 04:13:35 +0100

Conclusion: Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) is a neurological situation and celiac disease (CD) may be seen coincidentally. Children with clinical signs of hearing deficiency of unknown etiology should be assessed for CD. Objective: CD is a chronic inflammatory gluten-dependent intestinal disease and has extraintestinal findings. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of CD and SNHL in our pediatric patients. Methods: A total of 25 pediatric patients (50 ears) with biopsy-proven CD were diagnosed in the pediatric gastroenterology department; 25 healthy control subjects (50 ears) were also included in the study. All subjects underwent pure tone audiometry at frequencies of 250-8000 Hz and tympanometry. Results: In the patients and controls, normal peak compliance, gradient, ...

9. Atypical stimulus-sensitive myoclonus presenting abnormal sensory-motor integration in a case of congenital hemiatorophy of cerebellum

Clinical Neurophysiology — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 11:11:57 +0100

Background and aims: Some diseases with cerebellar pathology such as a celiac disease, are associated with stimulus-sensitive cortical reflex myoclonus. It has therefore been suggested that disordered output of the cerebellum may be one factor that increases the excitability of sensorimotor cortex leading to muscle jerks. Here we present a case of stimulus-sensitive myoclonus due to congenital cerebellar hemiatrophy. (Source: Clinical Neurophysiology)

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Serologic markers of gluten sensitivity in a healthy population from the western region of Saudi Arabia

The Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Positive celiac screening is present at a low prevalence rate in our adult population, in which the individuals' age and their serum IgA levels are not associated with the positivity level. A study on a larger scale with the application of histologic confirmation of positive cases is needed. (Source: The Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology)

Pediatric ulcerative colitis associated with autoimmune diseases: A distinct form of inflammatory bowel disease?

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions:Precise clinical, histological, and molecular analyses reveal marked differences between patients with CUC and those with associated AI phenomena, supporting the hypothesis of a distinct AI presentation of IBD. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2012;) (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)

Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Celiac Disease: A Population-Based Cohort Study.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions:CD patients are at increased risk of PHPT, but the absolute risk is small, and the excess risk disappeared after more than 5 yr of follow-up. PMID: 22238405 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism)

Atypical Celiac Disease as Cause of Increased Need for Thyroxine: A Systematic Study.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions:Atypical CD increases the need for T(4). The effect was reversed by GFD or by increasing T(4) dose. Malabsorption of T(4) may provide the opportunity to detect CD that was overlooked until the patients were put under T(4) therapy. PMID: 22238404 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism)

An Unusual Cardiomyopathy after Physical Stress in a Child

Congenital Heart Disease — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

We described a celiac 4‐year‐old girl, following a gluten‐free diet, who developed features of cardiac failure few days after episodes of acute diarrhea with fever. The patient was treated with oral anticongestive therapy and intravenous immunoglobulins, and she had a dramatic and rapid improvement; echocardiographic features normalized in 48 hours. (Source: Congenital Heart Disease)

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[Clinical phenotypes associated with selective IgA deficiency: A review of 330 cases and a proposed follow-up protocol.]

Anales de Pediatria — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: In our cohort, 56.6% of patients with IgA deficiency showed other comorbidities which were, in decreasing frequency: recurrent infections (respiratory and ear infections), allergic diseases, autoimmunity and tumours. Some patients will develop a more severe humoral defect (IgG subclass deficiency with or without antibody deficiency). PMID: 22240193 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anales de Pediatria)

A single conformational transglutaminase 2 epitope contributed by three domains is critical for celiac antibody binding and effects [Biochemistry]

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

The multifunctional, protein cross-linking transglutaminase 2 (TG2) is the main autoantigen in celiac disease, an autoimmune disorder with defined etiology. Glutamine-rich gliadin peptides from ingested cereals, after their deamidation by TG2, induce T-lymphocyte activation accompanied by autoantibody production against TG2 in 1–2% of the population. The pathogenic role and exact binding properties of these antibodies to TG2 are still unclear. Here we show that antibodies from different celiac patients target the same conformational TG2 epitope formed by spatially close amino acids of adjacent domains. Glu153 and 154 on the first alpha-helix of the core domain and Arg19 on first alpha-helix of the N-terminal domain determine the celiac epitope that is accessible both in the closed and op...

Lachnoanaerobaculum a new genus in Lachnospiraceae; characterization of Lachnoanaerobaculum umeaense gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from human small intestine, Lachnoanaerobaculum orale gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from saliva and reclassification of Eubacterium saburreum (Prevot) Holdeman and Moore 1970 as Lachnoanaerobaculum saburreum comb. nov.

International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Hedberg ME, Moore ER, Svensson-Stadler L, Hörstedt P, Baranov V, Hernell O, Wai SN, Hammarström S, Hammarström ML Abstract Two new obligately anaerobic Gram-positive, saccharolytic and non-proteolytic spore-forming bacilli (strain CD3:22 and N1) are described. Strain CD3:22 was isolated from a biopsy of the small intestine of a child with celiac disease and strain N1 from the saliva of a healthy young man. The cells of both strains were observed to be filamentous with lengths of approximately 5 to >20 µm, some of them curving and with swellings. The novel organisms produced H2S, NH3, butyric acid and acetic acid as major metabolic end products. Phylogenetic analyses, based on comparative 16S rRNA gene sequencing, revealed close relationships (98 % sequence similarit...

RhoB is associated with the anti-angiogenic effects of celiac patient transglutaminase 2-targeted autoantibodies

Journal of Molecular Medicine — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 17:07:55 +0100

Abstract Celiac patient-derived anti-transglutaminase 2 (TG2) antibodies disturb several steps in angiogenesis, but the detailed molecular basis is not known. Therefore, we here analyzed by microarray technology the expression of a set of genes related to angiogenesis and endothelial cell biology in order to identify factors that could explain our previous data related to vascular biology in the context of celiac disease. To this end, in vitro models using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) or in vivo models of angiogenesis were used. A total of 116 genes were analyzed after treatment with celiac patient autoantibodies against TG2. Compared to treatment with control IgA celiac patient, total IgA induced a consistent expression change of 10 genes, the up-regula...

Depression Common in Celiac Disease (CME/CE)

MedPage Today Gastroenterology — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 15:43:02 +0100

(MedPage Today) -- The negative impact of celiac disease in women reaches far beyond the small intestine, with effects on many aspects of physical and emotional functioning, survey results showed. (Source: MedPage Today Gastroenterology)

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Moderately increased risk of urinary stone disease in patients with biopsy‐verified coeliac disease

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 14:02:21 +0100

ConclusionIn this study, coeliac disease was associated with a moderately increased risk of urinary stone disease both before and after coeliac disease diagnosis. (Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

Celiac disease in women linked to depression risk

USATODAY.com Health — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 13:59:32 +0100

Study: Women with celiac disease face a higher risk for also suffering from depression and so-called "disordered eating." (Source: USATODAY.com Health)

Celiac Disease in Women Linked to Depression Risk

MedicineNet Depression General — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 07:00:00 +0100

Title: Celiac Disease in Women Linked to Depression RiskCategory: Health NewsCreated: 1/4/2012 6:06:00 PMLast Editorial Review: 1/5/2012 (Source: MedicineNet Depression General)

Calbindin-D28k immunoreactivity in sympathetic ganglionic neurons during development.

Autonomic Neuroscience — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Masliukov PM, Korobkin AA, Nozdrachev AD, Timmermans JP Abstract Expression of CB in the sympathetic ganglia was investigated by immunohistochemistry. The distribution of CB immunoreactivity was studied in the superior cervical ganglion (SCG), stellate ganglion (SG) and celiac ganglion (CG) from rats and cats of different ages (newborn, 10-day-old, 20-day-old, 30-day-old, two-month-old, six-month-old). We observed that the percentage of CB-immunoreactive (IR) neurons decreased during early postnatal development in rats and cats. In all studied ganglia of both species, the percentage of CB-IR neurons was high in newborn and 10-day-old animals and significantly decreased up to 30days of life. In rats of all ages, the largest percentage of CB-IR neurons was observed in the SG...

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Celiac Disease in Women Linked to Depression Risk

The Doctors Lounge - Gastroenterology — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 22:00:00 +0100

But sticking to gluten-free diets helped improve their well-being in study (Source: The Doctors Lounge - Gastroenterology)

Urinary excretion of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine as biomarker of oxidative damage to DNA.

Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Loft S, Danielsen P, Løhr M, Jantzen K, Hemmingsen JG, Roursgaard M, Karotki DG, Møller P Abstract Oxidatively damaged DNA may be important in carcinogenesis. 8-Oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoGua) is an abundant and mutagenic lesion excised by oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1 (OGG1) and measurable in urine or plasma by chromatographic methods with electrochemical or mass spectrometric detectors, reflecting the rate of damage in steady state. A common genetic OGG1 variant may affect the activity and was associated with increased levels of oxidized purines in leukocytes without apparent effect on 8-oxoGua excretion or major change in cancer risk. 8-OxoGua excretion has been associated with exposure to air pollution, toxic metals, tobacco smoke and low plasma antioxidant levels, ...

Snoring, mouth-breathing, and apnea trajectories in a population-based cohort followed from infancy to 81 months: A cluster analysis

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Cluster analysis has elucidated the dynamic multi-symptom expression of SDB. The utility of cluster analysis will be evaluated in future analyses to predict growth, cognition and behavior outcomes. (Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology)

Celiac Disease

The Journal for Nurse Practitioners — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: The Journal for Nurse Practitioners)

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Journal of Pediatric Surgery — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

The authors report a male infant with a left-sided, infradiaphragmatic mixed pulmonary sequestration (PS) and type II congenital cystic adenomatoid malformation. The mass was detected as an isolated finding on a routine antenatal ultrasound scan at 19 weeks of gestation. Postnatal ultrasound confirmed the 3.5-cm mass that was associated with normal urinary catecholamines. At 3 months, the mass had increased in size to 5 cm, and a computed tomogram revealed that it was supplied by a single vessel from the celiac axis. A laparoscopic approach was unsuccessful because of the fibrotic nature of the mass, dense-surrounding adhesions, and inability to clearly visualize the feeding vessel. After conversion to an open procedure, the mass was excised and identified on subsequent histology. This ca...

Celiac disease, wheat allergy, and gluten sensitivity: when gluten free is not a fad.

JPEN Journal Of Parenteral And Enteral Nutrition — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Pietzak M Abstract As the gluten-free diet (GFD) gains in popularity with the general public, health practitioners are beginning to question its real health benefits. For those patients with celiac disease (CD), the GFD is considered medical nutrition therapy, as well as the only proven treatment that results in improvements in symptomatology and small bowel histology. Those with wheat allergy also benefit from the GFD, although these patients often do not need to restrict rye, barley, and oats from their diet. Gluten sensitivity is a controversial subject, where patients who have neither CD nor wheat allergy have varying degrees of symptomatic improvement on the GFD. Conditions in this category include dermatitis herpetiformis (DH), irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), and neu...

Study: Some 'gluten-free' beers really aren't

USATODAY.com Health — Sat, 31 Dec 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Regular beer and even some beer labeled "low-gluten" contain high levels of gluten and could cause problems for people with celiac disease. (Source: USATODAY.com Health)

Differences in extrinsic innervation patterns of the small intestine in the cattle and sheep.

Autonomic Neuroscience — Fri, 30 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ohmori Y, Atoji Y, Saito S, Ueno H, Inoshima Y, Ishiguro N Abstract After oral challenge of the pathological prion protein, the pathogen was first detected in the distal ileum and then deposited in the brain. The present study aims determining the possible neuronal transport pathways from the small intestine to the brain in the cattle and sheep using a tracer protein. After horseradish peroxidase was injected into the wall in the duodenum of the calf and lamb and in the ileum of the lamb, the greater part of labeled neurons was detected in the celiac and cranial mesenteric ganglion complex. In the dorsal root ganglia T3 to L4 of both animals, some sensory neurons were always found to be labeled. Some parasympathetic preganglionic neurons were labeled in the dorsal motor nu...

Celiac ups depression risk for women

Health News - UPI.com — Thu, 29 Dec 2011 04:13:04 +0100

UNIVERSITY PARK, Pa., Dec. 28 (UPI) -- Women with celiac disease, a disorder linked to a reaction to eating gluten, have an elevated depression risk even on a gluten-free diet, U.S. researchers say. (Source: Health News - UPI.com)

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Some 'Gluten-Free' Beers Really Aren't

MedlinePlus Health News — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 17:00:00 +0100

Other 'low-gluten' beers contain high amounts of the celiac disease irritant Source: HealthDay Related MedlinePlus Page: Celiac Disease (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

Women With Celiac Disease Suffer From Depression, Disordered Eating

Diabetes News from dLife.com — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 14:48:17 +0100

December 26, 2011 (Penn State) — Women with celiac disease — an autoimmune disorder associated with a negative reaction to eating gluten — are more likely than the general population to report symptoms of depression and disordered eating, even when they adhere to a gluten-free diet, according to researchers at Penn State, Syracuse University and Drexel University. read more (Source: Diabetes News from dLife.com)

Some ‘Gluten-Free’ Beers Really Aren’t: Study

The Doctors Lounge - Health News — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Other 'low-gluten' beers contain high amounts of the celiac disease irritant (Source: The Doctors Lounge - Health News)

Increased Risk of ESRD in Individuals With Celiac DiseaseIncreased Risk of ESRD in Individuals With Celiac Disease

Medscape Today Headlines — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Are patients with celiac disease potentially at an increased risk for developing end-stage renal disease and, if so, why? Gut (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

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Celiac Disease - Depression and Disordered Eating in Women

Disabled World — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 18:24:49 +0100

We found that most participants frequently adhered to a gluten-free diet, and this greater compliance with diet was related to increased vitality, lower stress, decreased depressive symptoms and greater overall emotional health. (Source: Disabled World)

Adult coeliac disease in Ireland: a case series

Irish Journal of Medical Science — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 17:00:58 +0100

Conclusion The presenting features of ACD are diverse and associated with high risk of malignancy. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s11845-011-0788-zAuthors A. Saleem, Faculty of Health Sciences, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin, IrelandH. J. O’. Connor, Faculty of Health Sciences, Trinity College, University of Dublin, Dublin, IrelandP. O’. Regan, South Tipperary General Hospital Clonmel, Clonmel, Ireland Journal Irish Journal of Medical ScienceOnline ISSN 1863-4362Print ISSN 0021-1265 (Source: Irish Journal of Medical Science)

Women with celiac disease suffer from depression, disordered eating, study finds

ScienceDaily Headlines — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 14:30:30 +0100

Women with celiac disease -- an autoimmune disorder associated with a negative reaction to eating gluten -- are more likely than the general population to report symptoms of depression and disordered eating, even when they adhere to a gluten-free diet, according to researchers. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)

What Is a Gluten-Free Diet?

About.com Ovarian Cancer — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

A gluten-free diet may help people who don't have celiac disease. (Source: About.com Ovarian Cancer)

Women with celiac disease suffer from depression, disordered eating

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Mon, 26 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(Penn State) Women with celiac disease -- an autoimmune disorder associated with a negative reaction to eating gluten -- are more likely than the general population to report symptoms of depression and disordered eating, even when they adhere to a gluten-free diet, according to researchers at Penn State, Syracuse University and Drexel University. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

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Some 'Low-Gluten' Beer Contains High Levels Of Gluten, Australia

Health News from Medical News Today — Sat, 24 Dec 2011 08:00:00 +0100

Beer tested in a new study, including some brands labeled "low-gluten," contains levels of hordein, the form of gluten present in barley, that could cause symptoms in patients with celiac disease (CD), the autoimmune condition treated with a life-long gluten-free diet, scientists are reporting. The study, which weighs in on a controversy over the gluten content of beer, appears in ACS' Journal of Proteome Research. Michelle Colgrave and colleagues explain that celiac disease (CD) affects more than 2 million people worldwide... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Cell polarity-determining proteins Par-3 and PP-1 are involved in epithelial tight junction defects in coeliac disease

Gut — Sat, 24 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Changes in cell polarity proteins Par-3 and PP-1 are associated with altered expression and assembly of TJ proteins claudin-2, -3, -5 and -7 and ZO-1, causing paracellular leakage in active coeliac disease. (Source: Gut)

Mesenteric/celiac duplex ultrasound interpretation criteria revisited

Journal of Vascular Surgery — Fri, 23 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: PSV values can be used in detecting ≥50% and ≥70% SMA/CA stenosis and were better than EDVs and ratios. Previously published data must be validated in individual vascular laboratories. Our results will need prospective validation. (Source: Journal of Vascular Surgery)

Discussion

Journal of Vascular Surgery — Fri, 23 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Dr Paul Armstrong (Tampa, Fla). Dr AbuRahma and the vascular group from Charleston have endowed the audience with a contemporary overview of mesenteric duplex ultrasonography. Similar to the presentation today, the accompanying manuscript is well prepared. By means of retrospective analysis, the authors identified a group of patients with clinical features of chronic mesenteric ischemia and constructed data analysis using ROC curves to provide validation for duplex interpretation criteria in the vascular laboratory. The target peak systolic and end diastolic values analyzed in this review included both ≥50% and ≥70% diameter reducing stenosis of the celiac, superior mesenteric and inferior mesenteric arteries. The information derived from their investigation was also compared with some...

Diffuse large B cell lymphoma evolving from extranodal marginal zone lymphoma as the first presentation of complicated coeliac disease: case report and review of the literature

Journal of Hematopathology — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 20:08:46 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportPages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s12308-011-0126-4Authors Mireille J. Hardie, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QEII Medical Centre; and School of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Western Australia, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, AustraliaIsaac A. Thyer, Urology Department, Royal Perth Hospital, Wellington St, East Perth, WA, AustraliaTindaro Giardina, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QEII Medical Centre, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, AustraliaMichael A. Platten, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, QEII Medical Centre, Hospital Avenue, Nedlands, WA, AustraliaMartin J. Hudson, Geraldton Regional Hospital, Shenton Street, Geraldton, WA, AustraliaPaul J. Drury, Geraldton Regional Hospital, Shenton Street, Geraldton, WA, AustraliaDominic Spagnolo, Pa...

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Holiday Brainfood Swaps

Psychology Today Food and Diet Center — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 19:56:09 +0100

Keep your Ho Ho Ho free of Boo Hoo Hoo with these Holiday Farmacy BrainFood Swaps. Holiday Holidays! Primary Topic: Diet read more (Source: Psychology Today Food and Diet Center)

Developing strategies to improve the quality of life of patients with gluten intolerance in patients with and without coeliac disease.

European Journal of Internal Medicine — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 17:16:05 +0100

Authors: Bernardo D, Peña AS PMID: 22153523 [PubMed - in process] (Source: European Journal of Internal Medicine)

Non-dietary therapeutic clinical trials in coeliac disease.

European Journal of Internal Medicine — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 17:15:56 +0100

Authors: Crespo Pérez L, Castillejo de Villasante G, Cano Ruiz A, León F Abstract Coeliac disease is a permanent immunological intolerance to gluten proteins in genetically predisposed individuals. The only management is life-long strict adherence to a gluten-free diet. Unfortunately, compliance with gluten-free diet is very difficult in practice due to the widespread presence of gluten in Western diets. For this reason, about 50% of coeliacs following a gluten-free diet continue to suffer from symptoms and present with autoantibodies and/or villous atrophy while on a gluten-free diet. It is therefore important to explore new therapies to improve the management of coeliac disease. To date, five experimental therapies have been tested in randomized and controlled clinical trials. ...

Some 'low-gluten' beer contains high levels of gluten

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(American Chemical Society) Beer tested in a new study, including some brands labeled "low-gluten," contains levels of hordein, the form of gluten present in barley, that could cause symptoms in patients with celiac disease, the autoimmune condition treated with a life-long gluten-free diet, scientists are reporting. The study, which weighs in on a controversy over the gluten content of beer, appears in ACS' Journal of Proteome Research. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Celiac disease in pediatric patients with autoimmune hepatitis: etiology, diagnosis, and management.

Paediatric Drugs — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 13:12:58 +0100

Authors: Panetta F, Nobili V, Sartorelli MR, Papa RE, Ferretti F, Alterio A, Diamanti A Abstract Celiac disease (CD) is defined as a permanent intolerance to ingested wheat gliadins and other cereal prolamins, occurring in genetically susceptible people. Persistent elevation of serum aminotransferase activity is expression of liver damage related to CD, which occurs in two distinctive forms. The most frequent is a mild asymptomatic liver injury, with a moderate increase of serum aminotransferase activities and a mild inflammatory portal and lobular infiltrate on liver biopsy (celiac hepatitis), reversible on a gluten-free diet (GFD). More rarely, severe and progressive inflammatory liver damage, induced by an autoimmune process and identified as autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), can deve...

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Health-related quality-of-life in children with coeliac disease, measured prior to receiving their diagnosis through screening

Journal of Medical Screening — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion The HRQoL reported by 12-year-olds with screening-detected CD, before they learned of their diagnosis, was not worse than that of the children without CD or those previously diagnosed with CD. Thus, mass screening for CD should not be justified on the basis that children with unrecognized CD have a poor HRQoL. However, because these children rated their HRQoL before diagnosis and treatment, they may not have recognized or perceived symptoms as severe enough to seek medical attention which demonstrates how difficult clinical/active case finding can be. Mass screening may still, therefore, be considered if the aim is early detection and prevention of future complications. (Source: Journal of Medical Screening)

Arsenic Contents in Spanish Infant Rice, Pureed Infant Foods, and Rice

Journal of Food Science — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract: It seems there is a positive correlation between rice content and arsenic level in foods. This is of extraordinary importance for infants below 1 y of age because their diet is very limited and in some cases is highly dependent on rice‐based products; this is particularly true for infants with the celiac disease because they have no other option than consume gluten‐free products, such as rice or corn. Arsenic contents were significantly higher (P < 0.001) in gluten‐free infant rice (0.057 mg kg−1) than in products with gluten, based on a mixture of cereals (0.024 mg kg−1). Besides, especial precaution must be taken when preparing rice‐based products at home, because arsenic content in Spanish rice was high, with levels being above 0.3 mg kg−1 in some cases.Pra...

Celiac Disease in Pediatric Patients with Autoimmune Hepatitis: Etiology, Diagnosis, and Management

Pediatric Drugs — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 18:25:18 +0100

(Source: Pediatric Drugs)

Clinical benefit of gluten-free diet in screen-detected older celiac disease patients

BMC Gastroenterology — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Screen-detected patients benefited from a gluten-free diet. We encourage a high index of suspicion and active case-finding in celiac disease as an alternative to mass screening in older patients. (Source: BMC Gastroenterology)

Ileoscopy

Springer Medicine titles — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 00:05:50 +0100

Technique, Diagnosis, and Clinical ApplicationsIleoscopy has proven to be very useful for the diagnosis of celiac, inflammatory, and infectious diseases of the small intestine. This endoscopic procedure is one of the most technically challenging steps of diagnostic colonoscopy but it also represents the best documented proof of a complete examination. This book covers all aspects of the endoscopic exploration of the terminal ileum, from ... (Source: Springer Medicine titles)

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Celiac Disease: What Is Your Biopsy Protocol?Celiac Disease: What Is Your Biopsy Protocol?

Medscape Gastroenterology Headlines — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 17:00:00 +0100

Dr. David Johnson comments on an analysis of biopsy protocols in the evaluation of celiac sprue that suggests a low adherence to the current guideline recommendations. Are diagnoses being missed? Medscape Gastroenterology (Source: Medscape Gastroenterology Headlines)

Spontaneous Normalization of Anti-Tissue Transglutaminase Antibody Levels Is Common in Children with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

Digestive Diseases and Sciences — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 16:50:58 +0100

Conclusion Physicians treating children with type 1 diabetes and mildly elevated anti-TTG antibody levels might consider 12-month serologic follow-up on a gluten-containing diet rather than immediate duodenal biopsy. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s10620-011-2016-0Authors Orith Waisbourd-Zinman, Institute for Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, 14 Kaplan Street, 49202 Petach Tikva, IsraelIva Hojsak, Institute for Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children’s Medical Center of Israel, 14 Kaplan Street, 49202 Petach Tikva, IsraelYoram Rosenbach, Institute for Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases, Schneider Children’s Medical Cente...

ImmusanT Raises $20M In Series A Financing To Advance Immunotherapeutic And Diagnostic For Celiac Disease

Pharmaceutical Online News — Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:20:00 +0100

ImmusanT, Inc. announced today it has raised $20 million in Series A financing from Vatera Healthcare Partners LLC to advance development of the biotechnology company's immunotherapeutic vaccine Nexvax2®, companion diagnostic and monitoring tool for celiac disease. (Source: Pharmaceutical Online News)

Coeliac disease and gluten avoidance in New Zealand children

Archives of Disease in Childhood — Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions CD affected 1% of these New Zealand children, but 5% reported gluten avoidance. The predictors of gluten avoidance in children without doctor-diagnosed CD suggest important regional differences in community belief or medical practice regarding implementation of gluten avoidance and the contributory role of non-specific subjective abdominal complaints. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood)

Increasing incidence of enteropathy‐associated T‐cell lymphoma in the United States, 1973‐2008

Cancer — Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS:The current results indicated a significant increase in the incidence of EATL in the United States, which may reflect the increasing seroprevalence of CD and better recognition of rare types of T‐cell lymphomas. The incidence may continue to rise given the large ratio of undiagnosed‐to‐diagnosed individuals with CD in the United States. Cancer 2011;. © 2011 American Cancer Society. (Source: Cancer)

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Recent advances in the development of tissue transglutaminase (TG2) inhibitors.

Amino Acids — Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Badarau E, Collighan RJ, Griffin M Abstract Tissue transglutaminase (TG2) is a Ca(2+)-dependent enzyme and probably the most ubiquitously expressed member of the mammalian transglutaminase family. TG2 plays a number of important roles in a variety of biological processes. Via its transamidating function, it is responsible for the cross-linking of proteins by forming isopeptide bonds between glutamine and lysine residues. Intracellularly, Ca(2+) activation of the enzyme is normally tightly regulated by the binding of GTP. However, upregulated levels of TG2 are associated with many disease states like celiac sprue, certain types of cancer, fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's, Huntington's and Parkinson's disease. Selective inhibitors for TG2 both cell ...

Urinary citrulline in very low birth weight preterm infants receiving intravenous nutrition.

The British Journal of Nutrition — Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Bourdon A, Rougé C, Legrand A, Des Robert C, Piloquet H, Vodovar M, Voyer M, Rozé JC, Darmaun D Abstract As gut immaturity precludes full enteral feeding, very low birth weight (VLBW) preterm infants receive parenteral nutrition (PN) during the first few weeks of life. Weaning VLBW infants off PN, however, is a top priority since PN is associated with a high risk of complications. The decision making is purely empirical, as there is currently no suitable index of gastrointestinal (GI) maturity. Plasma citrulline concentration is considered an index of GI function in conditions such as short-bowel syndrome and coeliac disease in adults. To identify the factors determining urinary citrulline excretion, and determine whether urinary citrulline excretion could be used as a n...

Systemic cholecystokinin [CCK] amplifies vago-vagal reflex responses recorded in vagal motor neurones.

The Journal of Physiology — Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Viard E, Rogers RC, Hermann GE Abstract Cholecystokinin [CCK] is a potent regulator of visceral functions as a consequence of its actions on vago-vagal reflex circuit elements. This paper addresses three current controversies on the role of CCK to control gastric function via vago-vagal reflexes. Specifically: (a) whether CNS vs peripheral [vagal afferent] receptors are dominant, (b) whether the long [58] vs short [8] isoform is more potent and (c) whether nutritional status impacts the gain or even the direction of vago-vagal reflexes. Our in vivo recordings of physiologically identified gastric vagal motorneurons [gastric-DMN] involved in the gastric-accommodation reflex [GAR] show unequivocally that: (a) receptors in the celiac-portal circulation are more sensitive in ...

Celiac disease biopsy interpretation varies with laboratory setting

MedWire News - Gastroenterology — Sat, 10 Dec 2011 10:04:00 +0100

Histopathologic interpretation of small bowel biopsies varies among different types of pathology settings, with underdiagnosis of celiac disease common in community-based hospitals and commercial pathology laboratories, report researchers. (Source: MedWire News - Gastroenterology)

Hypertransaminasaemia and coeliac disease: authors’ reply

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Sat, 10 Dec 2011 06:46:25 +0100

(Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

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Hypertransaminasemia and coeliac disease

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Sat, 10 Dec 2011 06:46:23 +0100

(Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

TG2 expression is synergistically enhanced by IFNγ and TNFα in human small intestine

Clinical and Experimental Immunology — Fri, 09 Dec 2011 23:50:20 +0100

This study shows that IFNγ, a dominant cytokine in intestinal mucosa in active CD, is the most potent inducer of TG2, and synergism with TNFα may contribute to exacerbate the pathogenic mechanism of CD. Selective inhibition of signalling pathways may be of therapeutic benefit. (Source: Clinical and Experimental Immunology)

Successful bilateral pallidal stimulation in a patient with isolated lower limb dystonia coexistent with Langerhans cell histiocytosis and coeliac disease.

Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska — Thu, 08 Dec 2011 11:06:04 +0100

Authors: Sobstyl M, Ząbek M, Dzierzęcki S, Mossakowski Z, Szczałuba K Abstract The authors report a case of bilateral globus pallidus internus (GPi) stimulation for treatment of medically intractable isolated lower limb dystonia. The 14-year-old girl developed dystonic movements in her left lower limb. At the age of 17, the patient was handicapped by dystonic movements in her lower limbs, and became wheelchair-bound. Pharmacological therapy and botulinum toxin injection resulted in transient and modest benefit. Moreover, the patient was diagnosed with histologically proven coeliac disease and Langerhans cell histiocytosis. Genetic testing revealed the presence of DYT-1 mutation. The 17-year-old girl underwent bilateral implantation of deep brain stimulation leads. Bilateral GPi ...

Burden of celiac disease in the Mediterranean area.

World Journal of Gastroenterology — Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: In the near future, the burden of CD will increase tremendously. Few Mediterranean countries are able to face this expanding epidemic alone. PMID: 22174546 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology)

Loss of Enteroendocrine Cells in Autoimmune-Polyendocrine-Candidiasis-Ectodermal-Dystrophy (APECED) Syndrome with Gastrointestinal Dysfunction.

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism — Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions:The reduction of EE cells is a specific and important early event in the pathogenesis of APECED with GI dysfunction. We propose a diagnostic algorithm integrating clinics, genetics and immunohistology. PMID: 22162465 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism)

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Author's reply: Comment to “Intestinal deposits of anti-tissue transglutaminase IgA in childhood celiac disease”

Digestive and Liver Disease — Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

We thank Dr Filik for his comment. In fact, none of the children in our study have dermatitis herpetiformis nor required any dermatological examination. However, on the basis of the literature we expect a similar intestinal pattern in dermatitis herpetiformis. Whilst in the skin epithelial tissue transglutaminase (TG3) is the main target of the autoimmune response , and in serum antibodies react with greater avidity to TG3, in the gut of 7/11 dermatitis herpetiformis patients deposits of IgA antibodies were found , in this case the antigen being tissue transglutaminase (TG2). Therefore, the anti-transglutaminase response in the gut would not discriminate between coeliac disease and DH. It is clear that more observations are necessary. (Source: Digestive and Liver Disease)

Gluten sensitivity in Ménière's disease?

The Laryngoscope — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions.This is the first report of gliadin skin test response in MD. Further studies are needed to define the relation between immune response to wheat proteins and MD symptoms. Laryngoscope, 2011 (Source: The Laryngoscope)

Gluten sensitivity in Meniere's disease

The Laryngoscope — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions:This is the first report of gliadin skin test response in MD. Further studies are needed to define the relationship between immune response to wheat proteins and MD symptoms. (Source: The Laryngoscope)

Prolactin and autoimmunity.

Autoimmunity Reviews — Fri, 02 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Shelly S, Boaz M, Orbach H Abstract Sex hormones, especially estrogen and prolactin (PRL), have an important role in modulating the immune response. PRL is secreted from the pituitary gland as well as other organs and cells particularly lymphocytes. PRL has an immune stimulatory effect and promotes autoimmunity. PRL interferes specifically with B cell tolerance induction, enhances proliferative response to antigens and mitogens and increases the production of immune globulins, cytokines and autoantibodies. Hyperprolactinemia (HPRL) in women present with clinical manifestations of galactorrhea, primary or secondary amenorrhea, delayed menarche or a change in the menses either in the amount or in the regularity. Furthermore in the last 2 decades multi-organ and organ specifi...

Psychosis and Silent Celiac Disease in a Down Syndrome Adolescent: A Case Report

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 16:31:38 +0100

We report a 16-year-old Down syndrome girl who presented psychosis symptomatology, and she was diagnosed as having silent celiac disease. Olanzapine treatment and gluten-free diet were satisfactory. It is necessary to consider celiac disease in Down syndrome patients with psychiatric symptoms, mainly psychotic symptomatology. (Source: Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology)

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Integrating Genome-Wide Genetic Variations and Monocyte Expression Data Reveals Trans-Regulated Gene Modules in Humans

PLoS Genetics — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

This study shows that a method exploiting the structure of co-expressions among genes can help identify genomic regions involved in trans regulation of sets of genes and can provide clues for understanding the mechanisms linking genome-wide association loci to disease. (Source: PLoS Genetics)

Risk of prostate cancer in a population-based cohort of men with coeliac disease

British Journal of Cancer AOP — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: J F Ludvigsson, K Fall & S Montgomery (Source: British Journal of Cancer AOP)

Increased risk of end-stage renal disease in individuals with coeliac disease

Gut — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion This study indicates that individuals with biopsy-verified CD suffer increased risk of subsequent ESRD. (Source: Gut)

The role of capsule endoscopy in patients with nonresponsive celiac disease

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Celiac disease is a unique autoimmune disease affecting approximately 1% of the population worldwide. The treatment is a gluten-free diet, and adherence to the diet improves symptoms in the majority of patients. However, approximately 7% to 30% of patients experience persistent symptoms while being treated with a gluten-free diet, commonly because of continued gluten ingestion. Individuals who are nonresponsive to treatment present a challenge to the clinician and are frequently encountered at tertiary-care referral centers. (Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)

HLA alleles and drug hypersensitivity reactions

International Journal of Immunogenetics — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

SummaryThe human leucocyte antigen (HLA) system is well known for its association with certain diseases such as ankylosing spondylitis, celiac disease and many others. More recently, severe and even fatal drug hypersensitivity reactions linked to particular HLA alleles have been discovered. The significance of these discoveries has led the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and its member state agencies to recommend HLA gene testing before initiation of drug treatment. To date, the following drugs have been identified as causing significant drug hypersensitivity reactions in patients who have the following HLA alleles: abacavir and HLA‐B*57:01, carbamazepine and HLA‐B*15:02/A*31:01 and finally allopurinol and HLA‐B*58:01. This review will outline and discuss these three drugs and their ...

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Noncoeliac enteropathy: the differential diagnosis of villous atrophy in contemporary clinical practice

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Although coeliac disease is the most common cause of DVA, noncoeliac enteropathy is not rare and may easily be mistaken for coeliac disease. Noncoeliac enteropathy is suggested by a normal initial tTG (87%), lack of intraepithelial lymphocytosis on biopsy, and lack of histological response to a gluten free diet. Subjective response to gluten free diet has poor predictive value for coeliac disease. Noncoeliac enteropathy can often be confirmed by negative HLA‐DQ2/DQ8 testing and targeted investigations can ascertain a definitive aetiology in most cases. (Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

Pure Laparoscopic Distal Pancreatectomy with En Bloc Celiac Axis Resection

Journal of Laparoendoscopic — Wed, 30 Nov 2011 19:58:06 +0100

Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques Dec 2011, Vol. 21, No. 10: 957-959. (Source: Journal of Laparoendoscopic)

Meta‐analysis on anxiety and depression in adult celiac disease

Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica — Wed, 30 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Depression is common in adult celiac disease and resembles the condition in other physical illnesses. We view the findings as support for the notion that non‐specific mechanisms mediate emotional disorders in adult celiac disease. (Source: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica)

Adverse Food Reactions—An Emerging Issue for Adults

Journal of the American Dietetic Association — Mon, 28 Nov 2011 15:44:05 +0100

Abstract: Adverse reactions to foods are classified according to the presence or absence of involvement of the immune system, which may or may not include the production of immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies. This review focuses on the epidemiology, diagnosis, and management of adverse food reactions, primarily in adults, and excluding celiac disease and lactose intolerance. Reported reactions to foods are often believed to be manifestations of a food allergy; however, IgE-mediated food allergy only affects 1% to 4% of adults, with seafood, tree nuts, peanuts, fruits, and vegetables being the most common triggers. Diagnosis is challenging and most commonly achieved through careful evaluation of clinical history followed by elimination and reintroduction or challenge with the suspected offen...

Making Menus Friendly: Marketing Your Food Intolerance Expertise

Journal of the American Dietetic Association — Mon, 28 Nov 2011 15:44:04 +0100

The public's growing interest in allergens and food intolerance seems a buffet of opportunity for registered dietitians (RDs), and those in the field advise their colleagues to step up to the line and help themselves. Identifying and actively marketing one's potential services are the keys to successfully working with either the health care or commercial food industry. This is particularly the case in situations involving celiac disease and gluten intolerance. RDs have a unique opportunity to address these growing concerns from a number of vantage points, as some in the field are already doing. (Source: Journal of the American Dietetic Association)

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Fine points in mapping autoimmunity

Nature Genetics — Mon, 28 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Nature Genetics 43, 1173 (2011). doi:10.1038/ng.1015 Author: Constantin Polychronakos An efficient way to design genotyping arrays for fine mapping is to group phenotypes with common biology. The first application of the Immunochip to celiac disease provides an insightful view of what this strategy can achieve. (Source: Nature Genetics)

Should We All Go Gluten-Free?

NYT — Sun, 27 Nov 2011 03:30:08 +0100

How getting the gluten out of Chex cereals helped turn a marketing niche into a lifestyle. (Source: NYT)

Cystic Fibrosis and Celiac Disease: Both Can Occur Together

Clinical Pediatrics — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Clinical Pediatrics)

Acupuncture and a gluten-free diet relieve urticaria and eczema in a case of undiagnosed dermatitis herpetiformis and atypical or extraintestinal celiac disease: a case report

Journal of Chiropractic Medicine — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 03:17:44 +0100

Conclusion: Acupuncture and diet changes appeared to provide relief from the urticaria and eczema of dermatitis herpetiformis beyond that obtained by traditional treatment of a GFD alone. (Source: Journal of Chiropractic Medicine)

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Small-bowel mucosal changes and antibody responses after low- and moderate-dose gluten challenge in celiac disease

BMC Gastroenterology — Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Low amounts of gluten can also cause significant mucosal deterioration in the majority of the patients. As there are always some celiac disease patients who will not respond within these conditions, sample sizes must be sufficiently large to attain to statistical power in analysis. (Source: BMC Gastroenterology)

Associated autoimmune diseases in patients with multifocal motor neuropathy and their family members

Journal of Neurology — Tue, 22 Nov 2011 17:57:13 +0100

Abstract Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) is a rare immune-mediated disorder and is characterized by male predominance, the presence of serum anti-GM1 IgM antibodies in up to half of all patients, responsiveness to intravenous immunoglobulins (IVIg) and an increased frequency of HLA type HLA-DRB1*15. The aim of this study was to assess whether the frequency of autoimmune diseases (AID) is increased in patients with MMN and their first-degree family members, since this would indicate that MMN shares pathogenic mechanisms with other AID. We conducted a case–control study using questionnaires to evaluate the prevalence of AID in MMN and controls, and their first-degree relatives. Questionnaires from 81 MMN patients (417 first-degree relatives) and 438 controls (2,377 first...

Slow gallbladder emptying reverts to normal but small intestinal transit of a physiological meal remains slow in celiac patients during gluten‐free diet

Neurogastroenterology and Motility — Sun, 20 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Inferences Slow postprandial MCTT in response to a physiological meal does not revert to normal during GFD, an effect mirroring incomplete histopathologic recovery. (Source: Neurogastroenterology and Motility)

Detection of four diabetes specific autoantibodies in a single radioimmunoassay: an innovative high-throughput approach for autoimmune diabetes screening.

Clinical and Developmental Immunology — Sat, 19 Nov 2011 09:19:42 +0100

Authors: Tiberti C, Yu L, Lucantoni F, Panimolle F, Spagnuolo I, Lenzi A, Eisenbarth GS, Dotta F Abstract Highly sensitive and specific radioimmunoassays have been validated for autoantibodies reacting with the four major autoantigens identified so far in autoimmune diabetes. However, the analysis of this large number of autoantigens has increased the costs and time necessary for complete autoantibody screenings. Our aim was to demonstrate that it is possible to detect the immunoreactivity against a combination of four different autoantigens by a single assay, this representing a rapid, low-cost first approach to evaluate humoral autoimmunity in diabetes. By using this novel multi-autoantigen radioimmunoassay (MAA), in subsequent steps we analysed 830 sera, 476 of known and 354 of ...

One-on-One with Dan Adelman of Alvine Pharmaceuticals

bizjournals.com Health Care:Physician Practices headlines — Fri, 18 Nov 2011 21:29:45 +0100

A gluten-free diet is great for celiac disease patients, but even the strictest adherents to dietary restrictions can experience flare ups or chronic symptoms. That’s where Alvine Pharmaceuticals Inc. comes in with a drug that could make a huge impact. The San Carlos company earlier this month reported results of a Phase IIa trial that showed that its drug, ALV-003, could make a difference in helping patients with gluten-limiting celiac disease. It is the first mid-stage study to get positive results in modulating the immune system’s response to the storage protein... (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Physician Practices headlines)

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Sonography of the small bowel after oral administration of fluid: an assessment of the diagnostic value of the technique

La Radiologia Medica — Fri, 18 Nov 2011 06:53:18 +0100

Conclusions Luminal filling can improve visualisation of bowel walls and fold pattern and may be helpful in selected cases. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Abdominal Radiology / Radiologia AddominalePages 1-17DOI 10.1007/s11547-011-0749-7Authors P. Mirk, Dipartimento di Bio-immagini e Scienze Radiologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, ItalyR. Foschi, Dipartimento di Bio-immagini e Scienze Radiologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, ItalyL. M. Minordi, Dipartimento di Bio-immagini e Scienze Radiologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo Gemelli 8, 00168 Roma, ItalyA. Vecchioli Scaldazza, Dipartimento di Bio-immagini e Scienze Radiologiche, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, ...

Applications of microbial fermentations for production of gluten-free products and perspectives.

Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology — Fri, 18 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Zannini E, Pontonio E, Waters DM, Arendt EK Abstract A gluten-free (GF) diet is recognised as being the only accepted treatment for celiac disease-a permanent autoimmune enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of gluten-containing cereals. The bakery products available in today's gluten-free market are characterised by lower palatability than their conventional counterparts and may lead to nutritional deficiencies of vitamins, minerals and fibre. Thus, the production of high-quality gluten-free products has become a very important socioeconomical issue. Microbial fermentation by means of lactic acid bacteria and yeast is one of the most ecological/economical methods of producing and preserving food. In this review, the role of a fermentation process for improving the qualit...

[The new TNM classification of tumors of the esophagogastric junction : Surgical consequences.]

Der Chirurg — Fri, 18 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

[The new TNM classification of tumors of the esophagogastric junction : Surgical consequences.] Chirurg. 2011 Nov 18; Authors: Schuhmacher C, Novotny A, Feith M, Friess H Abstract The new International Union Against Cancer (UICC) classification in its seventh version has been out since January 2010. It included some important changes for the classification of esophageal and gastric carcinomas compared to the sixth version.For esophageal carcinomas this means a more detailed subdivision of the T and N stages which should, together with the newly introduced prognostic grouping (separate for squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma) enable a more precise and individualized prediction of prognosis. Another innovation is that positive lymph nodes in the esophageal drainage are...

Reply to the Editor—Atrial Fibrillation: An Inflammatory and Autoimmune Disorder

Heart Rhythm — Fri, 18 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Many factors contribute to the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation, including electrical, structural, neurohumoral, and inflammatory mechanisms. Our review indicated that various autoantibodies that may play a role in the development and maintenance of atrial fibrillation have been identified. Indeed, mounting evidence demonstrates correlations between diseases with autoimmune mechanisms, including Graves' disease, celiac disease, and psoriasis, and an increased risk of atrial fibrillation. Schairer and Levis suggested that T-cell–mediated autoimmune disorders should be considered in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation. Such mechanisms in atrial fibrillation are currently unknown and unexplored. They proposed the intriguing hypothesis that atrial fibrillation is a T-cell autoimmune d...

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Immunoglobulin G antibodies against deamidated‐gliadin‐peptides outperform anti‐endomysium and tissue transglutaminase antibodies in children

APMIS — Thu, 17 Nov 2011 12:12:36 +0100

In conclusion, although deamidated‐gliadin‐peptides‐antibodies do not outperform anti‐endomysium antibodies in the total study population, the IgG subtype seems to be the best test in children aged <2 years, reaching 100% accuracy. (Source: APMIS)

Gold nanoparticle fluorescent molecular beacon for low-resolution DQ2 gene HLA typing.

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry — Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

We present a fluorescent genosensor, exploiting molecular-beacon-functionalized gold nanoparticles, for the identification of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQ2 gene, a key genetic factor in coeliac disease. Optimization of sensor performance was achieved by tuning the composition of the oligonucleotide monolayer immobilized on the gold nanoparticle and the molecular beacon design. Co-immobilization of the molecular beacon with a spacing oligonucleotide (thiolated ten-thymine oligonucleotide) in the presence of ten-adenine oligonucleotides resulted in a significant increase of the sensor response owing to improved spacing of the molecular beacons and extension of the distance from the nanoparticle surface, which renders them more available for recognition. Further increase in the response (...

Genome‐wide analysis of extended pedigrees confirms IL2–IL21 linkage and shows additional regions of interest potentially influencing coeliac disease risk

Tissue Antigens — Wed, 16 Nov 2011 01:22:19 +0100

Coeliac disease is a chronic inflammatory condition of the small intestine, triggered by dietary exposure to gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. Risk alleles at HLA‐DQA1 and HLA‐DQB1 are necessary for disease development, but are alone not sufficient for disease onset. We aimed to identify novel loci underlying susceptibility to coeliac disease through the use of extended Finnish and Hungarian families with multiple affected individuals. An initial whole‐genome linkage approach yielded several loci that were followed up further using the Immunochip custom array. Loci with a parametric logarithm of odds (LOD) score of >1.3 were identified at 4q, 6p [human leukocyte antigen (HLA) region], 6q, 7p, 17p, 17q and at 22p. The 4q and 6q loci have been identified previously in c...

Evaluation of chronic diarrhea.

American Family Physician — Tue, 15 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Juckett G, Trivedi R Abstract Chronic diarrhea, defined as a decrease in stool consistency for more than four weeks, is a common but challenging clinical scenario. It can be divided into three basic categories: watery, fatty (malabsorption), and inflammatory. Watery diarrhea may be subdivided into osmotic, secretory, and functional types. Watery diarrhea includes irritable bowel syndrome, which is the most common cause of functional diarrhea. Another example of watery diarrhea is microscopic colitis, which is a secretory diarrhea affecting older persons. Laxative-induced diarrhea is often osmotic. Malabsorptive diarrhea is characterized by excess gas, steatorrhea, or weight loss; giardiasis is a classic infectious example. Celiac disease (gluten-sensitive enteropathy) is a...

Psychological Consequences of Vitamin D Deficiency

Psychology Today Depression Center — Mon, 14 Nov 2011 20:11:50 +0100

Chances are you are not getting enough vitamin D. An estimated one billion people worldwide have vitamin D deficiency or insufficiency. Individuals at high risk for vitamin D deficiency, include those living far from the equator, those with medical conditions (such as obesity, liver disease, celiac and renal disease), the elderly, and those with darker skin. Primary Topic: Depression read more (Source: Psychology Today Depression Center)

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Gluten-Free Options Being Promoted On, Off Campus

Health — Mon, 14 Nov 2011 07:00:00 +0100

UA departments and two organizations have come together to provide resources and support for those affected by celiac disease and gluten-intolerance. (Source: Health)

An Unusual Case of Obscure Gastrointestinal Bleeding in a Patient with Coeliac Disease

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology — Sun, 13 Nov 2011 15:27:33 +0100

This paper describes the journey of a patient with coeliac disease who presented with overt obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Upper and lower gastrointestinal endoscopy did not reveal a source of bleeding, but an abdominal CT scan detected abnormal lymphadenopathy and a wireless capsule endoscopy diagnosed a jejunal tumour, which was surgically removed. Gastrointestinal bleeding is rare in celiac disease. Malignant tumours of the small intestine are generally uncommon, but celiac disease represents a significant risk factor. Wireless capsule endoscopy has been a useful tool to investigate patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. (Source: Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology)

Detection of four diabetes specific autoantibodies in a single radioimmunoassay: an innovative high‐throughput approach for autoimmune diabetes screening

Clinical and Experimental Immunology — Sat, 12 Nov 2011 23:51:32 +0100

SummaryHighly sensitive and specific radioimmunoassays have been validated for autoantibodies reacting with the four major autoantigens identified so far in autoimmune diabetes. However, the analysis of this large number of autoantigens has increased the costs and time necessary for complete autoantibody screenings. Our aim was to demonstrate that it is possible to detect the immunoreactivity against a combination of four different autoantigens by a single assay, this representing a rapid, low‐cost first approach to evaluate humoral autoimmunity in diabetes. By using this novel multi‐autoantigen radioimmunoassay (MAA), in subsequent steps we analysed 830 sera, 476 of known and 354 of unknown diabetes‐specific immunoreactivity, collected from various groups of individuals including ty...

Diagnosis: Hurt All Over

NYT Health — Sat, 12 Nov 2011 05:00:07 +0100

A young woman endures a decade of unrelenting pain. (Source: NYT Health)

The Copolymer P(HEMA-co-SS) Binds Gluten and Reduces Immune Response in Gluten-Sensitized Mice and Human Tissues

Gastroenterology — Fri, 11 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The copolymer P(HEMA-co-SS) reduced digestion of wheat gluten and barley hordein and attenuated the immune response to gluten in a food mixture in rodents. It might be developed to prevent or reduce gluten-induced disorders in humans. (Source: Gastroenterology)

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Gluten-Free Beer: It Does Exist!

HealthCastle.com Nutrition Tips - written by Registered Dietitians — Wed, 09 Nov 2011 16:01:03 +0100

(HealthCastle.com) For those with celiac disease, or others who try to eat a gluten-free diet, beer can be a bit of a challenge. Beer is made from fermented grains - generally wheat, barley, or rye - and is therefore a problem for those who are unable to consume gluten, a protein found in all three of these grains. read more (Source: HealthCastle.com Nutrition Tips - written by Registered Dietitians)

Celiac Disease in Children and Functional GI Disorders Celiac Disease in Children and Functional GI Disorders

Medscape Today Headlines — Wed, 09 Nov 2011 11:20:19 +0100

This study investigates. Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Early feeding practices and their impact on development of celiac disease.

Nestle Nutrition Workshop Series. Paediatric Programme. — Wed, 09 Nov 2011 07:05:07 +0100

Authors: Fasano A, Catassi C Abstract Celiac disease is an immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by the ingestion of gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. Gluten is a protein component in wheat and other cereals, including rye and barley that are generally introduced in the infant's diet at weaning. At present, two schools of thought claim that changing early feeding regimens in at-risk infants can either prevent the onset of the disease or merely delay it. Recent advances have increased our understanding of the molecular basis of this disorder and provide the rationale to perform prospective dietary interventional studies to establish the proper timing of gluten exposure to minimize the risk of developing celiac disease. PMID: 22044901 [PubMed - in process] (Source: N...

Capsule endoscopy: comparison of two different reading modes

International Journal of Colorectal Disease — Tue, 08 Nov 2011 06:47:59 +0100

Conclusions It is often possible to read CE videos in quadview mode at a higher speed with even so a high diagnostic yield in a shortened evaluation time. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s00384-011-1347-9Authors Ute Günther, Medical Clinic I Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology, Charité - Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, GermanySeverin Daum, Medical Clinic I Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology, Charité - Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, GermanyMartin Zeitz, Medical Clinic I Gastroenterology, Infectious Diseases, Rheumatology, Charité - Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12200 Berlin, GermanyChristian Bojarski, Medical Clinic I Gas...

Bio-physical characteristics of gastrointestinal mucosa of celiac patients: comparison with control subjects and effect of gluten free diet

BMC Gastroenterology — Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: We conclude that the hydrophobicity of duodenal mucous layer is reduced in CD patients, and that the resulting decreased capacity to repel luminal contents may contribute to the increased intestinal permeability of CD. This alteration mirrors the severity of the mucosal lesions and is not completely reverted by gluten-free diet. Intestinal hydrophobicity exhibits regional differences in the human intestinal tract. (Source: BMC Gastroenterology)

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Delay to celiac disease diagnosis and its implications for health-related quality of life

BMC Gastroenterology — Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The delay from first symptoms to CD diagnosis is unacceptably long for many persons. Untreated CD results in poor HRQoL, which improves to the level of the general population if diagnosed and treated. By shortening the diagnostic delay it is possible to reduce this unnecessary burden of disease. Increased awareness of CD as a common health problem is needed, and active case finding should be intensified. Mass screening for CD might be an option in the future. (Source: BMC Gastroenterology)

The role of gender and organ specific autoimmunity.

Autoimmunity Reviews — Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Nussinovitch U, Shoenfeld Y Abstract Autoimmunity is influenced by multiple factors including gender and sex hormones. A definite female predominance is found in many autoimmune diseases. Gender is also associated with differences in clinical presentation, onset, progression and outcome of autoimmune diseases. Sex hormones might influence the target organ's vulnerability to an autoimmune response. Gender differences also exist in organ specific autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Guillain-Barré syndrome, Crohn's disease and celiac disease. Nevertheless, other organ specific autoimmune diseases (i.e. ulcerative colitis) are seemingly characterized with similar prevalence in both males and females. The reason for gender differences in certain autoimmune diseases...

Dense genotyping identifies and localizes multiple common and rare variant association signals in celiac disease

Nature Genetics — Sun, 06 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Gosia Trynka, Karen A Hunt, Nicholas A Bockett, Jihane Romanos, Vanisha Mistry, Agata Szperl, Sjoerd F Bakker, Maria Teresa Bardella, Leena Bhaw-Rosun, Gemma Castillejo, Emilio G de la Concha, Rodrigo Coutinho de Almeida, Kerith-Rae M Dias, Cleo C van Diemen, Patrick C A Dubois, Richard H Duerr, Sarah Edkins, Lude Franke, Karin Fransen, Javier Gutierrez, Graham A R Heap, Barbara Hrdlickova, Sarah Hunt, Leticia Plaza Izurieta, Valentina Izzo, Leo A B Joosten, Cordelia Langford, Maria Cristina Mazzilli, Charles A Mein, Vandana Midah, Mitja Mitrovic, Barbara Mora, Marinita Morelli, Sarah Nutland, Concepción Núñez, Suna Onengut-Gumuscu, Kerra Pearce, Mathieu Platteel, Isabel Polanco, Simon Potter, Carmen Ribes-Koninckx, Isis Ricaño-Ponce, Stephen S Rich, Anna Rybak...

Pure Laparoscopic Distal Pancreatectomy with En Bloc Celiac Axis Resection

Journal of Laparoendoscopic — Fri, 04 Nov 2011 19:50:06 +0100

Journal of Laparoendoscopic & Advanced Surgical Techniques , Vol. 0, No. 0. (Source: Journal of Laparoendoscopic)

Increased Sedation Requirements During Endoscopy in Patients with Celiac Disease

Digestive Diseases and Sciences — Thu, 03 Nov 2011 16:56:19 +0100

Conclusions Patients with CD require higher doses of sedation during upper and lower endoscopy compared to age and gender-matched controls. Putative explanations, such as visceral hypersensitivity, chronic opioid/anxiolytic use, or underlying neuropsychiatric illness, should be evaluated prospectively. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s10620-011-1959-5Authors Benjamin Lebwohl, The Celiac Disease Center at Columbia University, 180 Fort Washington Avenue, Suite 936, New York, NY, USABenjamin Hassid, The Celiac Disease Center at Columbia University, 180 Fort Washington Avenue, Suite 936, New York, NY, USASteven Ludwin, The Celiac Disease Center at Columbia University, 180 Fort Washington Avenue, Suite 936, New York, NY, USASuzan...

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Cosmetics expose coeliac sufferers to gluten

OnMedica Latest News — Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Coeliac disease can be worsened by gluten-containing make-up and skin creamsRelated items from OnMedicaStress in pregnancy may raise asthma riskCharity angry at NICE decision on XolairMore concern over paracetamol link to asthmaOccupational asthma may cost UK £135m a yearGreater help needed for extreme allergic reactions (Source: OnMedica Latest News)

Signatures of Environmental Genetic Adaptation Pinpoint Pathogens as the Main Selective Pressure through Human Evolution

PLoS Genetics — Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

by Matteo Fumagalli, Manuela Sironi, Uberto Pozzoli, Anna Ferrer-Admettla, Linda Pattini, Rasmus Nielsen Previous genome-wide scans of positive natural selection in humans have identified a number of non-neutrally evolving genes that play important roles in skin pigmentation, metabolism, or immune function. Recent studies have also shown that a genome-wide pattern of local adaptation can be detected by identifying correlations between patterns of allele frequencies and environmental variables. Despite these observations, the degree to which natural selection is primarily driven by adaptation to local environments, and the role of pathogens or other ecological factors as selective agents, is still under debate. To address this issue, we correlated the spatial allele frequency distribut...

Splanchnic sympathetic nerves in the development of mild DOCA-salt hypertension

AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology — Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We previously reported that mild deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt hypertension develops in the absence of generalized sympathoexcitation. However, sympathetic nervous system activity (SNA) is regionally heterogeneous, so we began to investigate the role of sympathetic nerves to specific regions. Our first study on that possibility revealed no contribution of renal nerves to hypertension development. The splanchnic sympathetic nerves are implicated in blood pressure (BP) regulation because splanchnic denervation effectively lowers BP in human hypertension. Here we tested the hypothesis that splanchnic SNA contributes to the development of mild DOCA-salt hypertension. Splanchnic denervation was achieved by celiac ganglionectomy (CGX) in one group of rats while another group underwent ...

Type 1 Diabetes Prevented In Mice

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 02 Nov 2011 08:00:00 +0100

Researchers at the University of Colorado School of Medicine have found a specific molecule that can prevent the development of type 1 diabetes in mice and has a similar effect on human cells from diabetic patients. The findings, published in the latest edition of The Journal of Immunology, signal a new and promising direction in the fight against type I diabetes along with other autoimmune disorders like rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis and celiac disease. Aaron Michels, MD, an assistant professor of pediatrics and medicine, working with George Eisenbarth., MD, Ph.D... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Products Used On Lips And Face Can Result In Unexpected Exposure To Gluten

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 02 Nov 2011 07:00:00 +0100

The lack of readily available information about cosmetic ingredients may cause patients with celiac disease who use lip, facial or body products to unknowingly expose themselves to gluten -- an ingredient they need to avoid, according to the results of a new study unveiled at the American College of Gastroenterology's (ACG) 76th Annual Scientific meeting in Washington, DC... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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Gluten in Cosmetics Threaten Those With Celiac Disease

MedicineNet Digestion General — Wed, 02 Nov 2011 07:00:00 +0100

Title: Gluten in Cosmetics Threaten Those With Celiac DiseaseCategory: Health NewsCreated: 11/1/2011 4:06:00 PMLast Editorial Review: 11/2/2011 (Source: MedicineNet Digestion General)

Origins of Western diseases

JRSM — Wed, 02 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Recent gynaecological studies show that childbirth, constipation, trauma and surgery cause injuries to autonomic nerves at different anatomical sites in the female pelvis resulting in endometriosis, adenomyosis and fibroids. Re-growth of abnormal nerves causes allodynic symptoms (‘light touch causing pain or discomfort’) some years later including vulvodynia, dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea, irritative bladder and bowel symptoms. Further consequences of autonomic denervation include tissue hypoplasia and hyperplasia, visceral dysfunction, susceptibility to infection, alcohol, tobacco and drugs, as well as pain with sensitization of the central nervous system. The ‘autonomic denervation’ view extrapolates these observations from the female pelvis to the varied anatomy of b...

Gluten in Cosmetics Threaten Those with Celiac Disease

MedlinePlus Health News — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 18:00:00 +0100

Some facial products, body lotions carry the protein, researchers warn Source: HealthDay Related MedlinePlus Pages: Celiac Disease, Cosmetics (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

Gluten in Cosmetics Threaten Those With Celiac Disease

The Doctors Lounge - Gastroenterology — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Some facial products, body lotions carry the protein, researchers warn (Source: The Doctors Lounge - Gastroenterology)

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Does a Coeliac School increase psychological well‐being in women suffering from coeliac disease, living on a gluten‐free diet?

Journal of Clinical Nursing — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions. Patient education increased psychological well‐being in women with coeliac disease. There is a need to refine the methods of patient education to make the effects of well‐being more pronounced over time.Relevance to clinical practice. Patient education using problem‐based learning promotes self‐management in coeliac disease by improving the well‐being of patients who have been struggling with the gluten‐free diet for years. (Source: Journal of Clinical Nursing)

Duodenal Ulceration in a Patient With Celiac Disease and Plasminogen I Deficiency: Coincidence or Cofactors?

PEDIATRICS — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

This report is, to our knowledge, the first description of the 2 entities, and results of our double-immunofluorescent studies also suggest that both diseases may have a role in the ulceration process. Excessive amounts of fibrin deposition due to PLD caused the distortion of the vessels and was responsible for the unusual celiac immunoglobulin A and tissue transglutaminase 2 in vivo binding pattern. On the basis of this result, patients with CD and unknown cause of gastrointestinal ulcer may require investigation for PLD. (Source: PEDIATRICS)

Anatomy of the stomach

Surgery (Medicine Publishing) — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: The stomach is roughly J-shaped and can be divided into the cardiac orifice, fundus, body, pyloric antrum and pylorus. There is a well-marked anatomical pyloric sphincter and a functionally competent, but not anatomically defined sphincter mechanism at the cardiac orifice. There is a rich arterial supply from all three branches of the coeliac axis and the accompanying venous drainage is to the portal system. There is a clinically important porto-systemic anastomosis at the oesophago-gastric junction. The vagus provides the motor and secretomotor nerve supply while sensory fibres are transmitted by sympathetic fibres passing via the coeliac ganglion to spinal segments T5 to 12. (Source: Surgery (Medicine Publishing))

Origins of Western diseases.

J R Soc Med AND (has... — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Quinn M Abstract Recent gynaecological studies show that childbirth, constipation, trauma and surgery cause injuries to autonomic nerves at different anatomical sites in the female pelvis resulting in endometriosis, adenomyosis and fibroids. Re-growth of abnormal nerves causes allodynic symptoms ('light touch causing pain or discomfort') some years later including vulvodynia, dyspareunia, dysmenorrhea, irritative bladder and bowel symptoms. Further consequences of autonomic denervation include tissue hypoplasia and hyperplasia, visceral dysfunction, susceptibility to infection, alcohol, tobacco and drugs, as well as pain with sensitization of the central nervous system. The 'autonomic denervation' view extrapolates these observations from the female pelvis to the varied an...