MedWorm: Multiple Sclerosis

Fingolimod: new oral treatment for relapsing‐remitting MS

Prescriber — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 06:47:09 +0100

AbstractFingolimod (Gilenya) is an oral disease‐modifying therapy licensed for relapsingremitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) in patients with high disease activity despite treatment with an interferon beta. In our New products review, Steve Chaplin presents the clinical data relating to its efficacy and adverse events, and Drs Klaus Schmierer and Rachel Farrell discuss its place in place in the treatment of RRMS. Copyright © 2012 Wiley Interface Ltd (Source: Prescriber)

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Novartis update: Increased cardiovascular monitoring during treatment initiation with fingolimod (Gilenya)?in patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis

NeLM - News — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Source: MHRA Area: News In order to minimise the cardiovascular risk with fingolimod (Gilenya), Novartis is informing healthcare professionals about important additional recommendations to strengthen the monitoring of cardiovascular status for 6 hours after initiating treatment, and to extend it, when necessary. Fingolimod is known to cause a transient bradycardia and might be associated with AV block, after the first dose as reflected in the current product information. The additional recommendations follow case reports of cardiovascular events including a patient who died of unknown cause after the first dose. In agreement with the European Medicines Agency, the following recommendations are effective immediately for patients treated with this drug. For all patient...

Up-regulation of platelet-activating factor synthases and its receptor in spinal cord contribute to development of neuropathic pain following peripheral nerve injury

Molecular Pain — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Our data show the histological localization of PAF synthases and its receptor in the spinal cord following peripheral nerve injury, and suggest that PAF/PAFr signaling in the spinal cord acts in an autocrine or paracrine manner among the activated microglia and neurons, thus contributing to development of neuropathic pain. (Source: Molecular Pain)

Encouraging stem cell results

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Results from a small study published in Lancet Neurology suggest that stem cells may protect nerves from MS related damage. (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

Welfare bill changes reversed

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 00:00:00 +0100

The government has managed to overturn the amendments to the welfare changes added by the House of Lords. (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

MS Drug Prevented Fatal Heart Condition In Lab Study

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 08:00:00 +0100

A drug used to treat multiple sclerosis may also be effective at preventing and reversing the leading cause of heart attack, a new study has found. Scientists found that Gilenya, a drug recently approved in the US for treating MS, was effective at reversing the symptoms of ventricular hypertrophy in mice. Ventricular hypertrophy is a fatal cardiac disorder that can result in an abnormal heart rhythm (arrhythmia) and cardiac arrest... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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Special offers when you shop with us this Valentine's Day!

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Take the hassle out of buying your Valentine's Day gifts by ordering online through our partner shops. The MS Trust will receive a percentage of every sale at no extra cost to you! (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

Access to fampridine which can help walking for some people with MS

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Fampridine is licensed for adult patients with MS who have a walking disability (defined as scoring 4-7 on the Expanded Disability Status Scale) and can only be prescribed by a specialist doctor experienced in the management of MS. The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) is a widely used measure of neurological disability. (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

The facts about MS

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Accurate information about MS is important for people with MS, their family and friends but also for the wider understanding of this neurological condition. (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

Fampridine availability

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 00:00:00 +0100

The difficulty of accessing fampridine has been discussed on BBC Radio Stoke. Tina and Barry Boycott and then the local MP interviewed from 1:09:04 (nine minutes). MS Society comment from 1:49:22 (seven minutes) BBC Radio Stoke (available until 7 February) Fampridine (Fampyra) - A to Z of MS (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

Respite - Brambles close to reopening

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 00:00:00 +0100

The MS Society say they are very close to exchanging contracts with the new owners of the Brambles and staff "are on standby so that within five working days, Brambles can reopen to guests" Redhill And Reigate Life (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

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Benefit changes reversed in Commons

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 00:00:00 +0100

The Commons has overturned amendments made to the Welfare Reform Bill and has blocked the opportunity for the Lords to vote on the bill again. The changes reinstate the one year limit on claiming Employment and Support Allowance (ESA) and the £26,000 cap on annual benefit which will include child benefit payments Guardian Independent Daily Telegraph (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

Stem Cell Therapy Promising in Progressive MSStem Cell Therapy Promising in Progressive MS

Medscape Today Headlines — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 19:50:35 +0100

A small proof-of-concept study hints that autologous mesenchymal stem cells may have neuroprotective effects in patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Biogen's Net Rises 25%

WSJ.com: Health — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 16:58:57 +0100

Biogen Idec's earnings rose 25%, fueled by rising sales of multiple-sclerosis drugs. (Source: WSJ.com: Health)

Sunlight is associated with decreased multiple sclerosis risk: no interaction with human leukocyte antigen‐DRB1*15

European Journal of Neurology — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: UVR and vitamin D seem to affect MS risk in adults independently of HLA‐DRB1*15 status. UVR exposure may also exert a protective effect against developing MS via other pathways than those involving vitamin D. (Source: European Journal of Neurology)

Change in the clinical activity of multiple sclerosis after treatment switch for suboptimal response

European Journal of Neurology — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: In patients with RRMS who have a poor response, switch to another DMD may reduce the clinical activity of the disease. (Source: European Journal of Neurology)

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New magnetic resonance imaging biomarkers for the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis

Expert Opinion: Expert Opinion on Medical Diagnostics — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 04:22:01 +0100

Expert Opinion on Medical Diagnostics, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 1-12, Early Online. (Source: Expert Opinion: Expert Opinion on Medical Diagnostics)

MS nurse wins top award

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

The MS Trust would like to congratulate Debbie Quinn, MS specialist nurse based at Isebrook Hospital in Wellingborough, Northamptonshire, who has been awarded the honoured title of Queen's Nurse from the Queen's Nursing Institute. (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

Colds, heart disease, even cancer: Why the weather could be to blame

the Mail online | Health — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 23:14:07 +0100

Low levels of the ‘sunshine vitamin’ have been linked to conditions ranging from diabetes to multiple sclerosis. (Source: the Mail online | Health)

Muscle Endurance Tests Can Detect Abormalities In The Early Stages Of Multiple Sclerosis

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 08:00:00 +0100

Multiple sclerosis (MS), a neurodegenerative disease, causes periodic attacks of neurologic symptoms such as limb weakness and mobility defects. And while MS patients' walking abilities and muscle strength are examined on a regular basis, doctors have yet to determine when the lower limb muscles begin to deteriorate. That's important because with earlier identification of mobility problems, doctors would be able to implement early intervention programs that could make all the difference for those with MS. Now, Dr... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

MS drug prevented fatal heart condition in lab study

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(University of Manchester) A drug used to treat multiple sclerosis may also be effective at preventing and reversing the leading cause of heart attack, a new study has found. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

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Investigating Fingolimod for Multiple Sclerosis

Medical Headlines From Ivanhoe.com — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Ivanhoe Newswire)-- Many of us have heard of or know someone with the dreadful disease known as multiple sclerosis. (Source: Medical Headlines From Ivanhoe.com)

The vincamine derivative vindeburnol provides benefit in a mouse model of multiple sclerosis: Effects on the Locus coeruleus

Journal of Neurochemistry — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe endogenous neurotransmitter noradrenaline (NA) plays several roles in maintaining brain homeostasis, including exerting anti‐inflammatory and neuroprotective effects. The primary source of NA in the CNS are tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive neurons located in the Locus coeruleus (LC) which send projections throughout the brain and spinal cord. We recently demonstrated that dysregulation of the LC:Noradrenergic system occurs in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) as well as in MS patients, associated with damage occurring to LC neurons. Vindeburnol, a structural analog of the cerebral vasodilator vincamine, was previously reported to increase TH expression and activity in LC neurons. Female C57BL/6 mice were immunized with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)...

Postmortem verification of MS cortical lesion detection with 3D DIR

Neurology — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: In this postmortem verification study, we have shown that 3D DIR is highly pathologically specific, and more sensitive to CLs than 3D FLAIR in MS. (Source: Neurology)

Association of MRI metrics and cognitive impairment in radiologically isolated syndromes

Neurology — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: These findings emphasize the importance of including accurate neuropsychological testing and quantitative MR metrics in subjects with RIS suggestive of MS. They can provide a better characterization of these asymptomatic subjects, potentially useful for diagnostic and therapeutic decisions. (Source: Neurology)

Interleukin‐2, Interleukin‐7, T cell‐mediated autoimmunity, and N‐glycosylation

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

T cell activation and self‐tolerance are tightly regulated to provide effective host defense against foreign pathogens while deflecting inappropriate autoimmune responses. Golgi Asn (N)‐linked protein glycosylation coregulates homeostatic set points for T cell growth, differentiation, and self‐tolerance to influence risk of autoimmune disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Human autoimmunity is a complex trait that develops from intricate and poorly understood interactions between an individual's genetics and their environmental exposures. Recent evidence from our group suggests that in MS, additive and/or epistatic interactions between multiple genetic and environmental risk factors combine to dysregulate a common biochemical pathway, namely Golgi N‐glycosylation. Here, we rev...

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Acute Demyelinating Disorders: Emergencies and Management

Neurologic Clinics — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 02:28:35 +0100

Central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory demyelinating diseases are a group of disorders that include multiple sclerosis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, and neuromyelitis optica. These conditions may result in emergencies because of severe inflammatory destruction of CNS tissues or complications thereof. Most of these conditions are responsive to appropriate therapy and early diagnosis and treatment leads to better outcomes. We discuss the spectrum of emergencies associated with these disorders, as well as clinical features, investigations, and management. (Source: Neurologic Clinics)

MS Trust annual conference, 04 - 06 November 2012

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

More than a contract

American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 16:46:13 +0100

One of your patients is a college professor who has lost multiple teeth. The original treatment plan calls for uprighting the posterior quadrants followed by restorative rehabilitation with both conventional and implant-supported prostheses. As for all your interdisciplinary patients, you conduct a pretreatment conference with the restorative dentist and the periodontist, and then enroll the patient in a 24-month treatment plan consummated by a signed consent form and a financial contract. Despite the patient’s devotion to treatment, root divergence for implant placement after 27 months of fixed therapy is inadequate. A complication in case management is the sudden retirement of the restorative dentist because of newly diagnosed multiple sclerosis. The patient is dissatisfied with the de...

Cloning scientists create human brain cells

Guardian Unlimited Science — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 00:07:00 +0100

Scientists in Edinburgh who pioneered cloning have made a technological breakthrough that could pave the way for better medical treatment of mental illnesses and nerve diseasesThe news that Edinburgh scientists had created the world's first cloned mammal, Dolly the sheep, at the university's Roslin Institute made headlines around the world 16 years ago. Her birth raised hopes of the creation of a new generation of medicines – with a host of these breakthroughs occurring at laboratories in the university over the following decade.And now one of the most spectacular has taken place at Edinburgh's Centre for Regenerative Medicine, where scientists have continued to develop the technology used to make Dolly. In a series of remarkable experiments, they have created brain tissue from patients ...

HPV Vaccine Not Linked To Autoimmune Disorders, Study

Health News from Medical News Today — Sun, 29 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

A two-year study of nearly 190,000 girls and women, finds that Gardasil, the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine made by Merck & Co, does not trigger autoimmune disorders such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes and multiple sclerosis. The results are published in the Journal of Internal Medicine. Study lead author Dr Chun Chao, a research scientist at the Kaiser Permanente Department of Research & Evaluation in Pasadena, California, said in a statement released on Friday, that: "This kind of safety information may help parents with vaccination decisions... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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5. High prevalence of restless legs syndrome does not correlates with brain damage

Clinical Neurophysiology — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 16:42:17 +0100

Introduction: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) has a prevalence of approx. 10% in the general population. Recently, multiple sclerosis (MS) was identified as a common cause for secondary RLS with prevalence ranging between 13.3% and 37.5%. The aim of our study was to evaluate the prevalence of RLS in MS and to compare the extent of brain damage between patients with and without RLS using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). (Source: Clinical Neurophysiology)

[Editorial] Neurological diseases remain neglected and ignored

LANCET — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In this week's Perspectives section, Hilary and Steven Rose describe the moving film Playing Against Time. This film describes the life and music of Barbara Thompson, a jazz saxophonist, and her efforts to continue with her music despite the diagnosis of Parkinson's disease in 1996, including her struggle to obtain care and treatment. The diagnosis of a neurological disorder, such as Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, or motor neuron disease, is a devastating one. Not only is there no cure—treatment will at best delay progression—there is also the predicament of a continuing decline in health, functioning, and quality of life, and a long-term reliance on professionals within the health and social care system. (Source: LANCET)

Teenagers with a father with MS

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

A television programme about troubled teenagers will include an episode on two brothers coping with their father's primary progressive MS. The programme, The Naked Truth, presented by Gok Wan, will be broadcast on 7 February on Channel 4 Daily Mail The young person's guide to MS - book Primary progressive MS exposed - book (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

Penicillin and Multiple Sclerosis: What's the Connection?Penicillin and Multiple Sclerosis: What's the Connection?

Medscape Today Headlines — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 16:23:23 +0100

Trying to confirm previous data about an etiologic association with MS, investigators find surprising results. Medscape Neurology (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Observations of Chronic Cerebrospinal Venous Insufficiency (CCSVI) in Multiple Sclerosis Patients Using a Multimodality Imaging Protocol

Journal of Vascular Surgery — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 11:25:16 +0100

This study prospectively evaluated patients with MS for the presence of CCSVI using duplex ultrasound (US), venography, and intravascular ultrasound (IVUS). (Source: Journal of Vascular Surgery)

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Pregnancy-Induced Acute Neurologic Emergencies and Neurologic Conditions Encountered in Pregnancy

Seminars in Ultrasound CT and MRI — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 08:38:45 +0100

Neurologic complications and conditions associated with pregnancy are rare. Frequently, presenting symptoms of neurologic conditions are nonspecific and can overlap with normal symptoms of pregnancy. As a result, clinical assessment can be insufficient to differentiate symptoms of a normal pregnancy from a neurologic disorder. It is imperative that the radiologist have a basic familiarity with the most common neurologic conditions encountered in pregnancy. The most commonly imaged acute and nonemergent disorders will be described, including eclampsia, cerebrovascular disease including cerebral venous thrombosis, postpartum cerebral angiopathy, multiple sclerosis, tumors, Bell palsy, Guillain-Barré syndrome, and pituitary disorders. (Source: Seminars in Ultrasound CT and MRI)

2-Year Study Finds Gardasil Does Not Trigger Autoimmune Conditions After Vaccination

Health News from Medical News Today — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 08:00:00 +0100

Gardasil, the human papillomavirus vaccine that is now recommended for male and female adolescents and young adults, does not trigger autoimmune conditions such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, type 1 diabetes or multiple sclerosis after vaccination in young women, according to a new study in the Journal of Internal Medicine. Kaiser Permanente researchers used electronic health records to conduct an observational safety study of 189,629 females aged 9 to 26 years old in California who were followed for six months after receiving each dose of the quadrivalent HPV vaccine in 2006-2008... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Neuroprotective Effects of Progesterone in Chronic Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Journal of Neuroendocrinology — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractObservations so far obtained in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) have shown promising neuroprotective effects exerted by progesterone (PROG). These findings suggest that this neuroactive steroid may potentially represent a therapeutic tool for multiple sclerosis (MS). However, up to now the efficacy of PROG has been only tested in the acute phase of the disease, while it is well known that MS express different features depending on the phase of the disease. To this aim we have evaluated the effect of PROG treatment in EAE induced in Dark Agouti rats (i.e., an experimental model showing a protracted relapsing EAE). Data obtained 45 days after EAE induction show that PROG treatment exerts a beneficial effect on clinical score confirming by surrogate parameters of spina...

Clinical trial for secondary progressive MS

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

A phase III trial, Ascend, involving 850 people in 15 countries will investigate the effectiveness of natalizumab (Tysabri) in secondary progressive MS. (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

CCSVI studies

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

The latest reports from the seven CCSVI studies being supported by the National MS Society and the Canadian MS Society have been published. Some interim data has been published but none of the studies is yet complete. The same report appears on both charities' websites. National MS Society (USA) Canadian MS Society CCSVI - A to Z of MS (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

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Biogen Idec, Elan begins multiple sclerosis drug study

Drug Development Technology — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Biogen Idec and Elan Corporation are conducting a global Phase 3b study, designed to evaluate the effectiveness of Tysabri as a treatment for secondary-progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS). (Source: Drug Development Technology)

Multiple Sclerosis and Risk of Venous Thromboembolism: A Population-Based Cohort Study

Neuroepidemiology — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 23:00:00 +0100

Neuroepidemiology 2012;38:76–83 (DOI:10.1159/000335496) (Source: Neuroepidemiology)

Why I'm off for some vitamin D – until the sun comes out | Ann Robinson

Guardian Unlimited Science — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 18:14:29 +0100

Vitamin D deficiency is being linked with sudden infant deaths and fractures in children. Is it time to start taking supplements?Vitamin D is in the news again, and while the experts squabble over it, I'm off to buy myself some supplements. The chief medical officer for England has told GPs like me to advise those at risk to take supplements. And since half the adult population of the UK is lacking vitamin D in the winter months and deficiency is being linked to a growing list of health problems, I can't see a good reason not to take a small multivitamin a day – at least until the sun comes out. I'll stick to the recommended daily amount as you can have too much of a good thing, even vitamins.Vitamin D is essential for bone growth and health, and deficiency can cause rickets in the young...

Rebif® For Early Symptoms Of Multiple Sclerosis, UK

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 17:00:00 +0100

Rebif® (interferon beta-1a), a disease-modifying medication used to treat relapsing forms of multiple Sclerosis (MS), is now available in the UK to treat individuals with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), a potential early indicator of MS, announced Merck Serono, a division of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany. The announcement comes after the recent positive opinion adopted by the Committee of Medicinal Products (CHMP), the scientific committee of the European Medicines Agency (EMA)... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Rebif® approved for relapsing-remitting MS

Pharmacy Europe — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 13:55:00 +0100

Merck Serono receives European approval to expand use of Rebif® in patients with early multiple sclerosis (Source: Pharmacy Europe)

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Interventions for fatigue and weight loss in adults with advanced progressive illness.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 08:18:08 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: There is a lack of robust evidence for interventions to manage fatigue and/or unintentional weight loss in the advanced stage of progressive illnesses such as advanced cancer, heart failure, lung failure, cystic fibrosis, multiple sclerosis, motor neuron disease, Parkinson's disease, dementia and AIDS. The evidence contained within this overview provides some insight into interventions which may prove of benefit within this population such as exercise, some pharmacological treatments and support for self management.Researchers could improve the methodological quality of future studies by blinding of outcome assessors. Adopting uniform reporting mechanisms for fatigue and weight loss outcome measures would also allow the opportunity for meta-analysis of small studies.Researcher...

Interferon beta for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 08:18:08 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Well designed RCTs, evaluating a high number of patients were included in the review. Recombinant IFN beta does not prevent the development of permanent physical disability in SPMS. We were unable to verify the effect on cognitive function for the lack of comparable data. This treatment significantly reduces the risk of relapse and of short -term relapse-related disability.Overall, these results show that IFNs' anti-inflammatory effect is unable to retard progression, when established. In the future, no new RCTs for IFNs versus placebo in SPMS will probably be undertaken, because research is now focusing on innovative drugs. We believe that this review gives conclusive evidence on the clinical efficacy of IFNs versus placebo in SPMS. PMID: 22258960 [PubMed - in process] (S...

Review: Fingolimod for multiple sclerosis

NeLM - News — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Source: N Engl J Med Area: News This review on fingolimod for multiple sclerosis begins with a case vignette followed by a discussion of the clinical problem, the mechanism of benefit of this form of therapy, major clinical studies, the clinical use of this therapy, and potential adverse effects. The article ends with the authors' clinical recommendations on the management of the case in hand. (Source: NeLM - News)

Natalizumab-associated progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy: a practical approach to risk profiling and monitoring.

Practical Neurology — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 03:31:25 +0100

Authors: Hunt D, Giovannoni G Abstract Natalizumab reduces relapse frequency, delays onset of disease progression and improves disease outcomes in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) and is a cost-effective treatment for rapidly evolving severe relapsing-remitting MS. However, it is associated with the development of progressive multifocal leucoencephalopathy (PML), a serious opportunistic brain infection caused by a neurotropic strain of the JC virus (JCV). Until May 2011, 83 300 patients had received natalizumab for MS. One hundred and twenty-four patients had developed PML, of whom 23 (19%) died. In order to maximise the benefit-risk ratio of natalizumab for MS patients it is important to develop a strategy for risk profiling and monitoring for PML. Central to this is an...

From Spinal Central Pattern Generators to Cortical Network: Integrated BCI for Walking Rehabilitation.

Neural Plasticity — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 02:12:03 +0100

Authors: Cheron G, Duvinage M, De Saedeleer C, Castermans T, Bengoetxea A, Petieau M, Seetharaman K, Hoellinger T, Dan B, Dutoit T, Sylos Labini F, Lacquaniti F, Ivanenko Y Abstract Success in locomotor rehabilitation programs can be improved with the use of brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Although a wealth of research has demonstrated that locomotion is largely controlled by spinal mechanisms, the brain is of utmost importance in monitoring locomotor patterns and therefore contains information regarding central pattern generation functioning. In addition, there is also a tight coordination between the upper and lower limbs, which can also be useful in controlling locomotion. The current paper critically investigates different approaches that are applicable to this field: the use...

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All beta interferon drugs now licensed for CIS

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

The European Union has approved interferon beta 1a (Rebif) for the treatment of clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). The move brings Rebif into line with the other beta interferon drugs (Avonex, Betaferon and Extavia) and glatiramer acetate (Copaxone). (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

Merck Serono introduces Rebif in UK

Drug Development Technology — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Merck Serono, a division of Merck KGaA, Darmstadt, Germany, has introduced Rebif (interferon beta-1a) in the UK to treat people who have experienced clinically isolated syndrome (CIS), an early sign of multiple sclerosis (MS). (Source: Drug Development Technology)

Tysabri trial for secondary progressive MS

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Biogen have announced a phase 3 trial called Ascend, which will look at the effectiveness of Tysabri in secondary progressive MS. The study will enrol 850 people in 15 countries. Participants will receive either Tysabri or placebo every four weeks for 96 weeks. Biogen Idec press release Nataizumab (Tysabri) - A to Z of MS (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

Fingolimod for Multiple Sclerosis

New England Journal of Medicine — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 22:00:11 +0100

New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 366, Issue 4, Page 339-347, January 2012. (Source: New England Journal of Medicine)

Medical chief highlights importance of vitamin D

NHS News Feed — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 19:00:00 +0100

Vitamin D was in the headlines today, with many papers reporting that a quarter of all toddlers are deficient in the nutrient and that childhood rickets is on the rise. The vitamin plays several important roles in the body, including regulating the balance of nutrients needed for strong, healthy bones. The vitamin has fallen under the spotlight as Chief Medical Officer for England, Professor Dame Sally Davies, is reportedly contacting health professionals to highlight the need to prescribe vitamin D supplements to at-risk groups. There are already extensive guidelines on circumstances where people should take vitamin D supplements, but the move seems designed to increase use of the pills, which are available on prescription, or even free to individuals with a raised risk of deficiency. An ...

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Genetic inactivation of the p66 isoform of ShcA is neuroprotective in a murine model of multiple sclerosis

European Journal of Neuroscience — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractAlthough multiple sclerosis (MS) has traditionally been considered to be an inflammatory disease, recent evidence has brought neurodegeneration into the spotlight, suggesting that accumulated damage and loss of axons is critical to disease progression and the associated irreversible disability. Proposed mechanisms of axonal degeneration in MS posit cytosolic and subsequent mitochondrial Ca2+ overload, accumulation of pathologic reactive oxygen species (ROS), and mitochondrial dysfunction leading to cell death. In this context, the role of the p66 isoform of ShcA protein (p66) may be significant. The ShcA isoform is uniquely targeted to the mitochondrial intermembrane space in response to elevated oxidative stress, and serves as a redox enzyme amplifying ROS generation in a positive...

Kaiser Permanente study finds Gardasil does not trigger autoimmune conditions after vaccination

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Kaiser Permanente) Gardasil, the human papillomavirus vaccine that is now recommended for male and female adolescents and young adults, does not trigger autoimmune conditions such as lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, Type 1 diabetes or multiple sclerosis after vaccination in young women, according to a new study in the Journal of Internal Medicine. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

A Transgenic Model of Central Nervous System Autoimmunity Mediated by CD4+ and CD8+ T and B Cells.

Journal of Immunology — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Anderson AC, Chandwaskar R, Lee DH, Sullivan JM, Solomon A, Rodriguez-Manzanet R, Greve B, Sobel RA, Kuchroo VK Abstract Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a widely used model of multiple sclerosis. In NOD mice, EAE develops as a relapsing-remitting disease that transitions to a chronic progressive disease, making the NOD model the only mouse model that recapitulates the full clinical disease course observed in most multiple sclerosis patients. We have generated a TCR transgenic mouse that expresses the α- and β-chains of a myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) 35-55-reactive TCR (1C6) on the NOD background. 1C6 TCR transgenic mice spontaneously generate both CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells that recognize MOG and produce proinflammatory cytokines, allowing ...

Rebif for CIS

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Rebif (interferon beta 1a) has been approved in Europe for the treatment of people with clinically isolated syndrome. This brings Rebif into line with the other first line disease modifying drugs Reuters Merck press release - (pdf 38kb) Disease modifying drugs - A to Z of MS (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

MS Trust team gets ready for London Marathon

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

We were pleased to be able to meet 21 of our London Marathon 2012 runners at an evening reception in London yesterday. (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

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CD8+ T-Cell Deficiency, Epstein-Barr Virus Infection, Vitamin D Deficiency, and Steps to Autoimmunity: A Unifying Hypothesis

International Journal of Photoenergy — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 18:18:57 +0100

CD8+ T-cell deficiency is a feature of many chronic autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, dermatomyositis, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, psoriasis, vitiligo, bullous pemphigoid, alopecia areata, idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, type 1 diabetes mellitus, Graves' disease, Hashimoto's thyroiditis, myasthenia gravis, IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, and pernicious anaemia. It also occurs in healthy blood relatives of patients with autoimmune diseases, suggesting it is genetically determined. Here it is proposed that this CD8+ T-cell deficiency underlies the development of chronic autoimmune dise...

Validation of the Comprehensive International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health Core Set for multiple sclerosis from the perspective of physicians

Journal of Neurology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:27:54 +0100

The objective of this study was to validate the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for MS from the perspective of physicians. Using a three-round Delphi technique, physicians experienced in the MS treatment were requested to name patients’ problems, resources, and aspects of environment. The statements of the first Delphi round were linked to ICF categories based on established linking rules. These categories as well as the results of the second round were reported back to the participants. Eighty-four physicians participated in the study. Totally, 89 categories (64.5%) of the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for MS were confirmed by the participants. Eight ICF categories, which are currently not included in the ICF Core Set, were identified. The validity of the Comprehensive ICF Core Set for M...

Sleepiness, fatigue, and risk of obstructive sleep apnea using the STOP-BANG questionnaire in multiple sclerosis: a pilot study

Sleep and Breathing — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 06:54:24 +0100

Conclusions Over 40% of MS patients were identified as high risk for OSA based on the STOP-BANG questionnaire. The STOP-BANG questionnaire offers clinicians an efficient and objective tool for improving detection of OSA risk in MS patients. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-11DOI 10.1007/s11325-011-0642-6Authors Robert A. Dias, Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, PSSB Bldg Rm 3400 4150 V Street, Sacramento, CA 95817, USAKimberly A. Hardin, Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, PSSB Bldg Rm 3400 4150 V Street, Sacramento, CA 95817, USAHeather Rose, School of Education, UC Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USAMark A. Agius, Department of Neurology, UC Davis Medical Center, Suite 0100, 4860 Y ...

Matrix metalloproteinase-12 deficiency ameliorates the clinical course and demyelination in Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis

Acta Neuropathologica — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 06:52:01 +0100

Abstract Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are a family of extracellular proteases involved in the pathogenesis of demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis (MS). The aim of the present study was to investigate whether MMPs induce direct myelin degradation, leukocyte infiltration, disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB), and/or extracellular matrix remodeling in the pathogenesis of Theiler’s murine encephalomyelitis (TME), a virus-induced model of MS. During the demyelinating phase of TME, the highest transcriptional upregulation was detected for Mmp12, followed by Mmp3. Mmp12 −/− mice showed reduced demyelination, macrophage infiltration, and motor deficits compared with wild-type- and Mmp3 knock-out mice. However, BBB remained unaltered, and the amount of ...

Rationing and deprivation: disease-modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis in the United Kingdom

The European Journal of Health Economics — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 06:44:33 +0100

Abstract Unlike other industrialised countries, the UK deferred the routine introduction of disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for multiple sclerosis (MS) in favour of an experiment. Between 2002 and 2005, MS sufferers were identified, were offered DMTs only if deemed suitable by their physicians, and were monitored thereafter to assess long-term outcomes. It has been demonstrated for other therapies that judgements about suitability to receive treatment are conditioned by the patient’s deprivation status. We hypothesised that this would have been the case for DMTs also. Using individual patient data for samples in Nottingham and in Glasgow, we matched patients’ postcodes of residence with deprivation scores and confirmed that patients from more deprived areas were les...

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Gender effect on neurodegeneration and myelin markers in an animal model for multiple sclerosis.

BMC Neuroscience - Latest articles — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: It is reported herein that the regulation of markers involved in demyelination and neuroprotection processes occurring during EAE, a well-established MS animal model, is gender- and time-dependent. These findings might contribute to gender- and phase disease-based therapy strategies. (Source: BMC Neuroscience - Latest articles)

Concurrent multiple sclerosis and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: where inflammation and neurodegeneration meet?

Journal of Neuroinflammation — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

The concurrence of multiple sclerosis (MS) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is exceedingly rare and the pathological features have not been examined extensively. Here we describe the key pathological features of a 40 year old man with pathologically confirmed concurrent MS and ALS.This is the most pathologically illustrative case of coincident MS and ALS demonstrating inflammatory and neurodegenerative features characteristic of each disease, and is the first to exhibit the presence of TDP-43 inclusions in this clinical entity. The intricate relationship between neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration in these diseases is discussed. (Source: Journal of Neuroinflammation)

Diffusion Tensor Imaging Analysis of Tumefactive Giant Brain Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis

Journal of Neuroimaging — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONSWithin the spectrum of acute MS lesions, TGL present DTI metrics of an intense acute inflammatory process. Analysis of TGL progression proposes that DTI metrics sensitively detects micro‐structural changes in TGL from acute inflammation towards lesion recovery and reorganization. J Neuroimaging 2012;XX:1–7. (Source: Journal of Neuroimaging)

Illuminating neuromyelitis optica pathogenesis [Commentary]

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

What is the most important moment in the history of a disease? Let us consider neuromyelitis optica (NMO), which was coined by French neurologist Eugene Devic in 1894 for a disease believed until recently to be a subtype of multiple sclerosis (MS). The discovery (in 2004) of a disease-specific biomarker for NMO revolutionized our understanding of both NMO and MS (1). In PNAS, Hinson et al. (2), including Lennon, who discovered the biomarker, address mechanisms of pathogenesis mediated by that same biomarker.NMO and MS, clinically characterized by the French neurologist Jean-Martin Charcot in 1868, have long been intertwined (3). NMO... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)

A Nogo signal coordinates the perfect match between myelin and axons [Commentary]

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Myelin is the membranous structure that wraps around axonal segments and supports the fast saltatory conduction of action potentials along axons (1, 2). Disorders that disrupt myelin during development or in adulthood, such as multiple sclerosis, lead to severe pathologies, illustrating myelin's crucial role in normal neural functioning. In the central nervous system, oligodendrocytes (OLs) are the cell type responsible for producing myelin. An individual OL is multiprocessed and can myelinate up to 60 nearby axon segments, generating an incredibly complex cell morphology (3, 4). To achieve complete, yet nonredundant, myelination of neural circuits, there must be very accurate matching... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)

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T helper cell- and CD40-dependent germline IgM prevents chronic virus-induced demyelinating disease [Immunology]

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Generation of antiviral IgM is usually considered as a marker of a short-lived initial antibody response that is replaced by hypermutated and more-efficient IgG. However, once viruses have established a particular niche for their persistence (e.g., within the CNS), the immune system has to specifically mobilize a broad range of antimicrobial effectors to contain the pathogen in the long term. Infection of the CNS with the mouse hepatitis virus (MHV) provides a unique model situation in which the extent of inflammatory CNS disease is determined by the balance between antiviral immune control, viral replication, and immune-mediated damage. We show here that whereas antibody- or B cell-deficient mice failed to contain MHV CNS infection and developed progressive demyelinating disease, germline...

Dancing fun in Letchworth this Saturday

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

A supporter of the MS Trust will be holding a 24hr Shimmython this Saturday (28th January) in Letchworth Garden City, to raise money for the MS Trust and Breast Cancer Care. (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

MS Nurse Specialist vacancy at the Royal Devon & Exeter Hospital

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

As Gail Hayes will be retiring at the end of May, the MS Clinical Nurse Specialist Nurse post in Exeter (grade 7) is now advertised on NHS Jobs with the closing date of January 31st 2012 (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

Marijuana mouth spray seeks FDA approval as painkiller

Health News: CBSNews.com — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 21:14:08 +0100

Sativex has already been approved in Canada, New Zealand and eight European countries for relieving muscle spasms associated with multiple sclerosis (Source: Health News: CBSNews.com)

Gilenya (Multiple-Sclerosis Drug) - May Pose Health Risk

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 18:00:00 +0100

The risks and benefits of Gilenya, a medication for multiple-sclerosis, is currently under review by the European Medicines Agency, after one patient in the U.S. died less than 24 hours after the first dose (the exact cause of death is still unknown), and other reports of heart problems in patients taking the medication... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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FDA approves first test for risk of PML in patients taking natalizumab (Tysabri®)

NeLM - News — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Source: FDA Area: News The US FDA has approved the marketing of the first test to help determine the risk of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in people using natalizumab (Tysabri®) for the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) or Crohn's disease (CD). Testing positive for anti-JC virus (JCV) antibodies has been identified as a risk factor for PML. The Stratify JCV Antibody ELISA test helps to determine a patient's anti-JCV antibody status and can help healthcare providers determine the risk for developing PML, when used with other clinical data from the patient. The test has been analytically and clinically validated, and was cleared by FDA on January 20, 2012. The following risk factors have been found to increase the risk of developing P...

Review: Clinically isolated syndromes

NeLM - News — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Source: Lancet Neurology Area: News Clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) describes a first clinical episode with features suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS). Although patients usually recover from their presenting episode, CIS is often the first manifestation of MS. This review on CIS covers the following: . CIS and its relation to MS . Risk factors for MS . Risk factors for long-term disability . Non-conventional MRI abnormalities in CIS . Radiologically isolated syndromes . Differential diagnosis . Treatment . Future challenges The authors note that disease-modifying treatments delay the development from CIS to MS; however their use in CIS is limited by uncertain long-term clinical prognosis and tre...

CXCL1 can be regulated by IL-6 and promotes granulocyte adhesion to brain capillaries during bacterial toxin exposure and encephalomyelitis

Journal of Neuroinflammation — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: This study identifies CXCL1 not only as a key regulator of granulocyte recruitment into the CNS, but also as a new potential target for the treatment of neuroinflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis. (Source: Journal of Neuroinflammation)

Dealing with Parkinson's Disease

NaturalNews.com — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 06:00:00 +0100

Today I begin to introduce my Batman and Robin Medicine for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. Magnesium is Batman and Cannabis is Robin and they do make for a holy medical combination. In Multiple Sclerosis marijuana can limit the muscle pain and spasticity caused... (Source: NaturalNews.com)

[Review] Clinically isolated syndromes

Lancet Neurology — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 01:16:39 +0100

SummaryClinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is a term that describes a first clinical episode with features suggestive of multiple sclerosis (MS). It usually occurs in young adults and affects optic nerves, the brainstem, or the spinal cord. Although patients usually recover from their presenting episode, CIS is often the first manifestation of MS. The most notable risk factors for MS are clinically silent MRI lesions and CSF oligoclonal bands; weak or uncertain risk factors include vitamin D deficiency, Epstein-Barr virus infection, smoking, HLA genes, and miscellaneous immunological abnormalities. (Source: Lancet Neurology)

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[Comment] Firategrast—natalizumab in a pill?

Lancet Neurology — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 01:16:38 +0100

The influx of lymphocytes and myeloid cells into the CNS is thought to be important in initiating and perpetuating multiple sclerosis (MS). Migration of leucocytes across biological barriers is a complex, multistep event that is mediated by the in-situ activation of integrins. Traditionally, MS has been believed to be mediated primarily by CD4 T cells. However, accumulating evidence also implies a role for B cells, monocytes, and dendritic cells in the pathogenesis of MS. Since very late activating antigen 4 (VLA-4; α4β1 integrin) is expressed on most activated leucocytes, α4β1 integrins are regarded as a highly relevant molecular target in MS. (Source: Lancet Neurology)

[Errata] Erratum

Lancet Neurology — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 01:16:38 +0100

Comi G, De Stefano N, Freedman MS, et al. Comparison of two dosing frequencies of subcutaneous interferon beta-1a in patients with a first clinical demyelinating event suggestive of multiple sclerosis (REFLEX): a phase 3 randomised controlled trial. Lancet Neurol 2012; 11: 33–41—In this Article (published online Dec 5) the citation at the top of the margin on the first page should have read Lancet Neurol2012; 11: 33–41. This correction has been made to the online version as of December 22, 2011. (Source: Lancet Neurology)

[In Context] News in brief

Lancet Neurology — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 01:16:38 +0100

Although research efforts in multiple sclerosis (MS) have focused largely on white matter pathology, grey matter lesions have emerged as a hallmark of the disease. A new study has taken a step further to show that cortical demyelinating lesions are common at early stages of MS and are inflammatory in nature and strongly associated with meningeal inflammation. The researchers looked at demyelinating lesions in cortical biopsy specimens obtained during diagnostic sampling of white matter lesions (N Engl J Med 2011; 365: 2188–97). (Source: Lancet Neurology)

[Articles] Firategrast for relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis: a phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial

Lancet Neurology — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 01:16:38 +0100

SummaryBackgroundMonoclonal antibody therapy against α4β-integrin is efficacious in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) with some safety concerns. We assessed the safety and efficacy of firategrast, a small oral anti-α4β-integrin molecule, in patients with relapsing remitting MS.MethodsWe did a multicentre, phase 2, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study in participants with clinically definite relapsing-remitting MS. A 24-week treatment period was followed by 12 weeks of core follow-up and 40 weeks of extended follow-up. (Source: Lancet Neurology)

[Articles] Autologous mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: an open-label phase 2a proof-of-concept study

Lancet Neurology — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 01:16:38 +0100

SummaryBackgroundMore than half of patients with multiple sclerosis have progressive disease characterised by accumulating disability. The absence of treatments for progressive multiple sclerosis represents a major unmet clinical need. On the basis of evidence that mesenchymal stem cells have a beneficial effect in acute and chronic animal models of multiple sclerosis, we aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of these cells as a potential neuroprotective treatment for secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. (Source: Lancet Neurology)

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Quest Diagnostics STRATIFY JCV(TM) First FDA Market Authorized Antibody-based Blood Test to Help Stratify PML Risk in Multiple Sclerosis Patients

HSMN NewsFeed — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 23:17:51 +0100

Based on exclusive collaboration with Biogen Idec, the test is only available in the U.S. through Quest Diagnostics' Focus Diagnostics lab MADISON, N.J., Jan. 20, 2012 (HSMN NewsFeed) -- Quest Diagnostics (NYSE: DGX ), the world's leading provider of ... Diagnostics, Neurology, Personalized Medicine, FDAQuest Diagnostics, STRATIFY JCV, PML, multiple sclerosis, TYSABRI, natalizumab (Source: HSMN NewsFeed)

EU Regulator Reviews Novartis MS Pill

WSJ.com: Health — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 22:37:25 +0100

Europe's drug regulator said it is reviewing reviewing the "benefits and risks" of Novartis AG's multiple-sclerosis drug Gilenya and recommended doctors closely monitor the hearts of patients after they have been given the first dose of the drug. (Source: WSJ.com: Health)

Tysabri: The Model For Facing A Drug Safety Crisis

Forbes.com Healthcare News — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 22:31:38 +0100

After a decade of drug safety crises where medicines have mostly either wound up yanked (Vioxx, Zelnorm) or close to it (Avandia), today's news about the multiple sclerosis drug Tysabri is positively amazing. (Source: Forbes.com Healthcare News)

Biogen gets FDA OK on Tysabri

bizjournals.com Health Care:Pharmaceuticals headlines — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 22:17:45 +0100

The FDA has given clearance for Biogen Idec and partner Elan Corp. to modify the label on Tysabri, a blockbuster multiple sclerosis drug manufactured solely in Research Triangle Park. Biogen Idec (Nasdaq: BIIB), a $5 billion company that employs 900 at its facility in RTP, will change the label on the drug to reflect additional risk factors. Tysabri accounted for $277 million of sales for Biogen Idec in the third quarter of 2011, about 21 percent of total sales. The new label identifies anti-JCV antibody status as a risk factor for developing an infrequent but serious brain infection known as progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML)... (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Pharmaceuticals headlines)

FDA Updates TYSABRI (Natalizumab) Label To Include Anti-JC Virus Antibody Status As A PML Risk Factor

Pharmaceutical Online News — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 21:40:00 +0100

Recently Biogen Idec and Elan Corporation, plc announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved a product label change for TYSABRI that will help enable individual benefit risk assessment for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). (Source: Pharmaceutical Online News)

FDA permits marketing of first test for risk of rare brain infection in some people treated with Tysabri

Food and Drug Administration — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 20:21:00 +0100

Today, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration allowed marketing of the first test to help determine the risk for a rare brain infection called progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML) in people using the drug Tysabri (natalizumab) to treat multiple sclerosis (MS) or Crohn’s disease (CD). (Source: Food and Drug Administration)

Natural Triterpenes Modulate Immune‐Inflammatory Hallmarks to Protect against Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis. Therapeutic Implications for Multiple Sclerosis.

British Journal of Pharmacology — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 18:19:54 +0100

Conclusions and Implications. Both triterpenes restricted the development of the characteristic hallmarks of EAE. We envision these natural products as novel helpful tools for intervention in autoimmune and neurodegenerative diseases including MS. (Source: British Journal of Pharmacology)

Novartis Pill Reviewed After Death

WSJ.com: Health — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 17:41:22 +0100

Europe's drug regulator said it is reviewing Novartis's multiple-sclerosis drug Gilenya, after a 59-year-old patient in the U.S. died suddenly after using the pill for the first time in November. (Source: WSJ.com: Health)

European Medicines Agency Launches Fingolimod InvestigationEuropean Medicines Agency Launches Fingolimod Investigation

Medscape Today Headlines — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 16:56:52 +0100

Physicians are being advised to intensify cardiovascular monitoring after the first dose of the new oral agent for multiple sclerosis. News Alerts (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

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EU says Novartis MS drug needs heart monitoring

Reuters: Health — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 15:20:25 +0100

LONDON/ZURICH (Reuters) - The European Medicines Agency advised doctors to continuously monitor patients for six hours after giving them a first dose of Novartis AG's multiple sclerosis drug Gilenya, casting a shadow over the potential blockbuster product. (Source: Reuters: Health)

EU agency issues guideline on biosimilar MS drugs

Reuters: Health — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 11:35:24 +0100

LONDON (Reuters) - European regulators took another step towards opening the market for copies of biotech drugs on Friday by releasing a draft guideline on how companies should test biosimilar medicines containing interferon beta, used to treat multiple sclerosis. (Source: Reuters: Health)

EMA starts review of benefits and risks of fingolimod (Gilenya)

NeLM - News — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Source: EMA Area: News The European Medicines Agency (EMA) has begun a review of the benefits and risks of the multiple-sclerosis treatment fingolimod (Gilenya). The review was started following reports of cardiac problems in patients on this drug, as well as the death of one patient in the US less than 24 hours after the first dose. The exact cause of this patient's death is still unexplained. While the review is ongoing, the Agency's Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) is advising doctors to increase their level of monitoring of patients after the first dose. This includes ECG monitoring before treatment and then continuously for the first six hours after the first dose, and measurement of blood pressure and heart rate every hour. After six hours, any patien...

Bayesian algorithm using spatial priors for multiexponential T2 relaxometry from multiecho spin echo MRI

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractMultiexponential T2 relaxometry is a powerful research tool for detecting brain structural changes due to demyelinating diseases such as multiple sclerosis. However, because of unusually high signal‐to‐noise ratio requirement compared with other MR modalities and ill‐posedness of the underlying inverse problem, the T2 distributions obtained with conventional approaches are frequently prone to noise effects. In this article, a novel multivoxel Bayesian algorithm using spatial prior information is proposed. This prior takes into account the expectation that volume fractions and T2 relaxation times of tissue compartments change smoothly within coherent brain regions. Three‐dimensional multiecho spin echo MRI data were collected from five healthy volunteers at 1.5 T and myelin ...

The role of deimination in ATP5b mRNA transport in a transgenic mouse model of multiple sclerosis

EMBO Reports AOP — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Di Ding, Mabel Enriquez-Algeciras, Kunjan R Dave, Miguel Perez-Pinzon & Sanjoy K Bhattacharya (Source: EMBO Reports AOP)

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The IL23/Th17 pathway as a therapeutic target in chronic inflammatory diseases.

Inflammation and Allergy Drug Targets — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Toussirot E Abstract IL-23 is a pro-inflammatory cytokine belonging to the IL-12 cytokine family. IL-23 is essential for the differentiation of Th17 lymphocytes, a subtype of T lymphocyte implicated in chronic inflammatory/autoimmune mediated diseases. IL-23 and Th17 correspond to a new axis that drives immune activation and chronic inflammation through the differentiation and activation of Th17 cells. Animal models of chronic inflammatory diseases such as chronic joint diseases, inflammatory bowel diseases and demyelinating diseases strongly suggest the involvement of this cytokine pathway. Thus, IL-23/Th17 is considered as a relevant therapeutic target in autoimmune driven diseases, and biological agents blocking IL-23 or IL-17 are currently being developed. Ustekinumab ...

European Medicines Agency to review Gilenya (fingolimod)

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

The European Medicines Agency has begun a formal review of the benefits and risks of fingolimod following reports of serious heart problems after the first dose (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

European Medicines Agency announces review of fingolimod (Gilenya)

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

The European Medicines Agency has begun a review of the benefits and risks of Gilenya (fingolimod) following the death of one person in the United States less than 24 hours after the first dose and reports of heart problems in other people taking this new oral treatment for relapsing remitting MS. While the review is ongoing, doctors are advised to increase cardiac monitoring of people after first dose. European Medicines Agency MS Trust news item on death following first dose of fingolimod A to Z of MS - Fingolimod (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

MPs hear evidence of value of MS nurse-led services

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Dr Steve Pollock, senior neurologist in East Kent, praised a nurse-led MS service to the Public Accounts Committee. The committee, which is currently investigating NHS neurology services following publication of a report by the National Audit Office, also heard calls for the appointment of national level leadership on improving neurology services, such as a national clinical director or "tsar". Nursing Times MS Trust news item - 'Neurology disease time bomb' says Neurological Alliance MS Trust news item on the National Audit Office report - 16 December 2011 National Audit Office report - Services for people with neurological conditions (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

Adeona begins Phase II study of multiple sclerosis drug

Drug Development Technology — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Adeona Pharmaceuticals, a developer of synthetic DNA-based therapeutics, has commenced the Phase II clinical trial of its Trimesta drug, designed to treat cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis (MS). (Source: Drug Development Technology)

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Natalizumab (Tysabri) label change

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

The American FDA has approved a label change that will allow mention of the JC virus as a risk factor for PML (a side effect of natalizumab) and has approved the marketing of the STRATIFY test which shows exposure to the virus. Includes January's PML figures - 201 cases, 42 deaths out of more than 96,500 people treated. Med Page Today Biogen press release FDA safety announcement Natalizumab (Tysabri) - A to Z of MS PML (progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy) - A to Z of MS (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

EMA announces review of fingolimod (Gilenya)

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

The European Medicines Agency has begun a review of the benefits and risks of Gilenya (fingolimod) following the death of one person in the United States less than 24 hours after the first dose and reports of heart problems in other people. While the review of this new oral treatment for relapsing remitting MS is ongoing, doctors are advised to increase cardiac monitoring of people after first dose. European Medicines Agency MS Trust news item on death following first dose of fingolimod A to Z of MS - Fingolimod (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

Natalizumab May Improve Cognition and Mood in Multiple Sclerosis

European Neurology — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 23:00:00 +0100

Eur Neurol 2012;67:162–166 (DOI:10.1159/000334722) (Source: European Neurology)

Greater Brain Activation Reported After Cognitive Rehabilitation For Multiple Sclerosis

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 08:00:00 +0100

Neuroscientists at Kessler Foundation have documented increased cerebral activation in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) following memory retraining using the modified Story Memory Technique (mSMT). This is the first study to demonstrate that behavioral interventions can have a positive effect on brain function in people with cognitive disability caused by MS, an important step in validating the clinical utility of cognitive rehabilitation... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Brain Support Cells From Umbilical Cord Stem Cells

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 08:00:00 +0100

For the first time ever, stem cells from umbilical cords have been converted into other types of cells, which may eventually lead to new treatment options for spinal cord injuries and multiple sclerosis, among other nervous system diseases. "This is the first time this has been done with non-embryonic stem cells," says James Hickman, a University of Central Florida bioengineer and leader of the research group, whose accomplishment is described in the journal ACS Chemical Neuroscience*... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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The role of kynurenines in the pathomechanism of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis: therapeutic implications

Journal of Neural Transmission — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 06:58:54 +0100

Abstract Tryptophan is one of the essential amino acids, 80% of which is catabolised in the extrahepatic tissues by indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), the rate-limiting enzyme of the kynurenine pathway. Metabolites along the kynurenine pathway have been implicated to play a role in the pathomechanism of neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders. Changes in the concentration levels of kynurenines can shift the balance to pathological conditions. The ability to influence the metabolism towards the neuroprotective branch of the kynurenine pathway, i.e. towards kynurenic acid (KYNA) synthesis, may be one option in preventing neurodegenerative diseases. Three potential therapeutic strategies could be feasible to develop drugs to live up to expectations: (1) chemically r...

The Role of Exercise and Types of Exercise in the Rehabilitation of Chronic Pain: Specific or Nonspecific Benefits

Current Pain and Headache Reports — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 06:58:50 +0100

This article summarizes the types of exercise in the rehabilitation of chronic pain patients and provides practical recommendations for the clinician based on empirical and clinical experience. This safe, cost-free, nonpharmacologic way of managing pain has been found to reduce anxiety and depression, improve physical capacity, increase functioning and independence, and reduce morbidity and mortality. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Psychiatric Management of Pain (MR Clark, Section Editor)Pages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s11916-012-0245-3Authors Amy Burleson Sullivan, Mellen Center for Multiple Sclerosis Treatment and Research, Cleveland Clinic, Mail Code U10, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USAJudith Scheman, Neurological Center for Pain, Cleveland Clinic, Mail Code C21, 9500 ...

Misfiring in multiple sclerosis: Cerebellar channelopathy, a potential novel target?

Annals of Neurology — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Annals of Neurology)

Coping with multiple sclerosis as a couple: 'peaks and troughs' - an interpretative phenomenological exploration.

Disability and Rehabilitation — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: These results will assist clinicians better comprehend how those with MS and their spouses cope in an interconnected way and this in turn affects their experience of rehabilitation. Results from this research indicated that clinicians need to be sensitive to the individual coping strategies of both members of a couple where one has MS, and address the changing needs of their relationship. [Box: see text]. PMID: 22256892 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Disability and Rehabilitation)

A better deal for neurology

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

The Neurological Alliance is asking people to raise concerns about the state of neurology services in England with their MP. (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

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Therapeutic potential of carbon monoxide in multiple sclerosis.

Clinical and Developmental Immunology — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 21:39:34 +0100

Authors: Fagone P, Mangano K, Coco M, Perciavalle V, Garotta G, Romao CC, Nicoletti F Abstract Carbon monoxide (CO) is produced during the catabolism of free haem, catalyzed by haem oxygenase (HO) enzymes, and its physiological roles include vasodilation, neurotransmission, inhibition of platelet aggregation and anti-proliferative effects on smooth muscle. In vivo preclinical studies have shown that exogenously administered quantities of CO may represent an effective treatment for conditions characterized by a dysregulated immune response. The carbon monoxide-releasing molecules (CORMs) represent a group of compounds capable of carrying and liberating controlled quantities of CO in the cellular systems. This review covers the physiological and anti-inflammatory properties of the HO...

Fatigue and sleep disorders in multiple sclerosis: is obstructive sleep apnea a link?

Sleep and Breathing — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 06:51:08 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s11325-011-0643-5Authors Friedemann Paul, NeuroCure Clinical Research Center and Experimental and Clinical Research Center, Charité University Medicine Berlin, Charitéplatz 1, 10117 Berlin, GermanyChristian Veauthier, Department of Neurology, Hanse-Klinikum Stralsund, Stralsund, Germany Journal Sleep and BreathingOnline ISSN 1522-1709Print ISSN 1520-9512 (Source: Sleep and Breathing)

Treating multiple sclerosis

NaturalNews.com — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 06:00:00 +0100

There are many people, an estimated 350,000 people in the United States that are living with this painful, debilitating, and sometimes fatal disorder of the central nervous system. Western medicine has not come up with good treatment strategies for this disease and the... (Source: NaturalNews.com)

ID2: A negative transcription factor regulating oligodendroglia differentiation

Journal of Neuroscience Research — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractRemyelination of the central nervous system in multiple sclerosis patients is often incomplete. Remyelination depends on normal oligodendrogenesis and the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPC) into mature oligodendrocytes (OL). Inhibitor of DNA binding (ID), a transcription factor, is thought to inhibit oligodendrogenesis and the differentiation of OPC. This Mini‐Review aims to reveal the roles of and mechanisms used by IDs (mainly ID2) in this process. An interaction between ID2 and retinoblastoma tumor suppressor is responsible for the cell cycle transition from G1 to S. The translocation of ID2 between the nucleus and cytoplasm is regulated by E47 and OLIG. An interaction between ID2 and OLIG mediates the inhibitory effects of bone morphogenic proteins and G...

Characterizing brain oxygen metabolism in patients with multiple sclerosis with T2-relaxation-under-spin-tagging MRI

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Yulin Ge, Zhongwei Zhang, Hanzhang Lu, Lin Tang, Hina Jaggi, Joseph Herbert, James S Babb, Henry Rusinek & Robert I Grossman (Source: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow)

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Neurological diseases in relation to the blood–brain barrier

Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Neurological diseases in relation to the blood–brain barrier Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism advance online publication, January 18, 2012. doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2011.197 Author: Gary A Rosenberg (Source: Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow)

Fatigue and sleep disorders in multiple sclerosis: is obstructive sleep apnea a link?

Sleep and Breathing — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Paul F, Veauthier C PMID: 22252283 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Sleep and Breathing)

Twitter campaign has significant influence on welfare reform process

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Social media has become a powerful tool for disability campaigners (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

Fair deal for neurology

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Following the publication in December of the National Audit Office report which found the implementation of neurology services had been poor, uncoordinated and lacked effective monitoring, the Neurology Alliance is calling on people to raise these concerns with their MP Neurological Alliance MS Trust news item on the National Audit Office report - 16 December 2011 (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

A Rare ‘Palisading’ Enhancing Pattern of Multiple Sclerosis

European Neurology — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 23:00:00 +0100

Eur Neurol 2012;67:161 (DOI:10.1159/000335074) (Source: European Neurology)

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CD24 Gene Allele Variation Is Not Associated with Oligoclonal IgG Bands and IgG Index of Multiple Sclerosis Patients

Neuroimmunomodulation — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 23:00:00 +0100

Neuroimmunomodulation 2012;19:195–199 (DOI:10.1159/000332011) (Source: Neuroimmunomodulation)

Greater brain activation after cognitive rehabilitation for MS

ScienceDaily Headlines — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 19:50:50 +0100

A first: Brain support cells from umbilical cord stem cells

ScienceDaily Headlines — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 19:43:43 +0100

FTY720 (Fingolimod) increases vascular tone and blood pressure in spontaneously hypertensive rats via inhibition of sphingosine kinase

British Journal of Pharmacology — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and Implications. These data demonstrate that FTY720 increases vascular tone and blood pressure only in hypertensive rats, most likely due to its sphingosine kinase inhibitory effect. (Source: British Journal of Pharmacology)

Kessler Foundation reports greater brain activation after cognitive rehabilitation for MS

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

This study is the first to demonstrate that behavioral interventions can have a positive effect on brain function in MS, an important step in validating the clinical utility of cognitive rehabilitation. According to Nancy Chiaravalloti, PhD, "This demonstrates that effective cognitive rehabilitation can lead to changes in the way the brain processes information." (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

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A first: Brain support cells from umbilical cord stem cells

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(University of Central Florida) For the first time ever, stem cells from umbilical cords have been converted into other types of cells, which may eventually lead to new treatment options for spinal cord injuries and multiple sclerosis, among other nervous system diseases. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Surgical therapy for multiple sclerosis tremor: a 12‐year follow‐up study

European Journal of Neurology — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Surgery benefit for severe tremor was overall short‐lived (median 3 months), with long‐term poor prognosis. Although two DBS patients had sustained 5‐year tremor‐suppression, the observed progressive disability and death in this cohort bear importance for long‐term success in future MS tremor surgery trials. (Source: European Journal of Neurology)

C3-dependent mechanism of microglial priming relevant to multiple sclerosis [Neuroscience]

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Microglial priming predisposes the brain to neurodegeneration and affects disease progression. The signal to switch from the quiescent to the primed state is unknown. We show that deleting the C3 convertase regulator complement receptor 1-related protein y (Crry) induces microglial priming. Mice that were double-knockout for Crry and either C3 or factor B did not show priming, demonstrating dependence on alternative pathway activation. Colocalization of C3b/iC3b and CR3 implicated the CR3/iC3b interaction in priming. Systemic lipopolysaccharide challenge overactivated primed microglia with florid expression of proinflammatory molecules, which were blocked by complement inhibition. Relevance for neurodegenerative disease is exemplified by human multiple sclerosis (MS) and by experimental au...

No proinflammatory signature in CD34+ hematopoietic progenitor cells in multiple sclerosis patients.

Clin Med Res — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

The objective of this article is to compare the whole genome gene and microRNA expression signature in CD34+ HPC of MS patients and healthy donors (HD). CD34+ HPC were isolated from peripheral blood of eight MS patients and five HD and analyzed by whole genome gene expression and microRNA expression microarray. Among the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) only TNNT1 reached statistical significance (logFC=3.1, p<0.01). The microRNA expression was not significantly different between MS patients and HD. We did not find significant alterations of gene expression or microRNA profiles in CD34+ HPCs of MS patients. Our results support the use of aHSCT for treatment of MS. PMID: 22252466 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clin Med Res)

Special Issue on microglia and chronic pain.

Experimental Neurology — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Hulsebosch CE Abstract This special issue of Experimental Neurology is devoted to the role of Microglia and Chronic Pain. Chronic pain affects 116 million people per year in the United States, which is more than heart disease, cancer, and diabetes combined. Nervous system trauma and disease are principal contributors to the establishment of chronic pain in people and in animal models. Central nervous system (CNS) injury or tumor development, peripheral nerve injury, multiple sclerosis, diabetes and many other neurological disruptions can serve as the instigating pathophysiolgical conditions that lead to chronic pain. Once considered to function solely as the phagocytotic cells of the CNS, more recent work has demonstrated that persistent activation of the microglial popula...

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'Neurology disease time bomb' facing the NHS says Neurological Alliance

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

The Neurological Alliance is an umbrella organisation representing 70 local and national charities who support people living with a neurological condition and includes the MS Trust, Parkinson's UK, Epilepsy Action and the Motor Neurone Disease Association. The comments follow publication of the report Services for people with neurological conditions by the National Audit Office last month. (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

Neurology timebomb

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

The Neurological Alliance, which represents more than 70 charities, has warned the NHS that neurological problems will cause increasing strain to the NHS unless action to support people is taken now. They cite the increasing incidence of Parkinson's and MND and that 50 people a week are diagnosed with MS. Guardian BBC Daily Mail Daily Telegraph MS Trust news item on neurological services - 16 December 2011 (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

Benefit changes

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

A proposed amendment to the Welfare Reform Bill, which would have delayed the introduction of personal independent payments (PIPs) (the replacement for disability living allowance (DLA)) until pilot testing has been carried out, has been defeated in the House of Lords by 16 votes BBC Guardian (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

How the Spartacus report spread

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Article looking at how the Responsible Reform report (the Spartacus report), research that questions the level of support for welfare reform, made its impact by using Twitter Guardian MS Trust on Facebook and Twitter (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

Stem cells to oligodendrocytes

Multiple Sclerosis Trust — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Researchers in Florida have for the first time managed to get umbilical cord stem cells to convert into oligodendrocytes - the nervous system cells that produce myelin. They hope this laboratory work will lead to better understanding of the damage that occurs in MS and other conditions Eureka Alert Stem cells - A to Z of MS (Source: Multiple Sclerosis Trust)

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Primary Neuron Assays for Studying Neurodegeneration

Neuromics — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 18:31:00 +0100

Our goal is to provide our customers and collaborators the tools they need to insure success. This is defined by having the specific Primary Neurons, Growth Factor plus the Markers to meet unique research needs.The proof is in the results. Here are some highlights.Images/Data: FIGURE 5. Microglial p38α MAPK-dependent TNFα is involved in LPS-induced neurite degeneration. (A) Photomicrographs of MAP-2 immunocytochemistry show the morphology of neurons after 72h of co-culture with microglia. The arrow points to the appearance of neurites that have been damaged by LPS-activated WT microglia. In contrast, the arrowhead points to the morphological appearance of healthy, undamaged neurites. (B) Diagram of the Sholl method for quantifying the total number of healthy neurites that inter...

IFN-gamma signaling in the central nervous system controls the course of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis independently of the localization and composition of inflammatory foci

Journal of Neuroinflammation — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Alterations in distribution and composition of CNS inflammatory foci are not sufficient for the onset of atypical EAE. IFNg dictates the course of neuroinflammatory disorders mainly through actions exerted within the CNS. This study provides strong evidence that link microglial STAT1 inactivation to vestibular dysfunction. (Source: Journal of Neuroinflammation)

Reduced head and brain size for age and disproportionately smaller thalami in child-onset MS

Neurology — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: When compared with age- and sex-matched control subjects, the onset of MS during childhood is associated with a smaller overall head size, brain volume, and an even smaller thalamic volume. (Source: Neurology)

CADASIL mutation and Balo concentric sclerosis: A link between demyelination and ischemia?

Neurology — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Neurology)

Etanercept-Induced Myelopathy in a Pediatric Case of Blau Syndrome

Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology — Sun, 15 Jan 2012 16:11:39 +0100

We describe a case of pediatric Blau syndrome affected by etanercept-induced myelopathy, manifesting as a clinical syndrome of transverse myelitis. The patient experienced rapid recovery after etanercept was discontinued. To our knowledge, this is the first such case reported in the literature and, possibly, the one with the latest onset, following 8 years of treatment. We discuss the etiopathogenic mechanisms of this reaction and possible explanations for the imaging findings. (Source: Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology)

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The Preclinical Development of FTY720, A Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor Modulator, as a Novel Targeting Therapy Against Breast Cancer

Journal of Surgical Research — Sat, 14 Jan 2012 22:29:04 +0100

Introduction: Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), is a bioactive lipid mediator and a ligand for five specific G-protein coupled receptors (S1P1-5), that regulates critical processes of cancer progression, such as cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenesis. As such, this molecule is expected to provide a good target against breast cancer. FTY720, a sphingosine analogue that antagonize the S1P1 receptor, is currently in clinical use for multiple sclerosis with FDA approval. Phase 3 clinical trials of FTY720 for the transplant population dosed the drug at 5mg po daily (equivalent to 0.8mg/kg po daily for mice) for up to 2 years with minimal side effects. Previously, FTY720 has been shown to inhibit breast cancer growth in a mouse model which required a notably higher dose (over 2mg/kg ip dai...

MS damage washed away by stream of young blood

New Scientist - Health — Sat, 14 Jan 2012 14:09:01 +0100

Pumping youthful blood through ageing mice with nerve-cell sheath damage helps to reverse the process of multiple sclerosis (Source: New Scientist - Health)

Accidental Intoxication with 60 mg Intrathecal Baclofen: Survived

Neurocritical Care — Sat, 14 Jan 2012 06:55:15 +0100

Conclusions This case demonstrates that even excessive doses of ITB can let the patients survive without sequelae if treated promptly and offensively. A pertinent problem during detoxification is the question of when to restart ITB to avoid drug withdrawal. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Practical PearlPages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s12028-011-9669-6Authors Benjamin Berger, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyBarbara Vienenkoetter, Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Heidelberg, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyMirjam Korporal, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, GermanyAndrea Rocco, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Heidel...

Yellow fever vaccine: Increased multiple sclerosis relapse rate: 7 case reports

Reactions — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 23:22:43 +0100

(Source: Reactions)