MedWorm: Ulcerative Colitis

Research team led by Cedars-Sinai identifies genes linked to ulcerative colitis

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 04:00:00 +0100

(Cedars-Sinai Medical Center) A study of the human genome led by Cedars-Sinai researchers has now identified genes linked to ulcerative colitis, offering clues as to what causes the condition and potential avenues for new therapies to treat the disease. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

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Cytomegalovirus in inflammatory bowel disease: Pathogen or innocent bystander?

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This article reviews the immunobiology of CMV disease, the evidence for CMV's role in disease severity, and discusses the outcomes with antiviral therapy. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2010) (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)

Activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription-1 (STAT-1) and differential expression of interferon-γ and anti-inflammatory proteins in pelvic ileal pouches for ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis

Clinical and Experimental Immunology — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Pouchitis after total rectocolectomy is the most common complication of ulcerative colitis (UC). The immunological mechanisms involved in the genesis of pouchitis are unclear. Therefore, we evaluated the inflammatory activity in normal ileal pouch mucosa by determining signal transducers and activators of transcription (STAT-1) activation and cytokine expression in patients operated for UC and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP). Eighteen asymptomatic patients, who underwent total rectocolectomy and J pouch, were evaluated: nine with UC and nine with FAP. The activation of STAT-1 and cytokine expression were determined by immunoblot of total protein extracts from pouch mucosal biopsies. The absence of pouchitis was assessed by clinical, histological and endoscopic parameters, according to...

Barrier in Mosquito Midgut Protects Invading Pathogens

MedlinePlus Health News — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 18:19:41 +0100

Source: National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases - Related MedlinePlus Pages: Crohn's Disease, Malaria, Ulcerative Colitis (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

Specific endoscopic features of ulcerative colitis complicated by cytomegalovirus infection.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 17:04:38 +0100

CONCLUSION: Specific colonoscopic findings in patients with UC complicated by CMV infection were identified. These findings may facilitate the early diagnosis of CMV infection in UC patients. PMID: 20222169 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

T300A polymorphism of ATG16L1 and susceptibility to inflammatory bowel diseases: A meta-analysis.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 17:04:29 +0100

CONCLUSION: The ATG16L1 T300A polymorphism contributes to susceptibility to CD and UC in adults, but different in children, which implicates a role for autophagy in the pathogenesis of IBD. PMID: 20222171 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

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Noninvasive methods in evaluation of inflammatory bowel disease: where do we stand now? An update

Clinics — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 14:39:55 +0100

The inflammatory bowel diseases, consisting of Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and indeterminate colitis, are distinguished by idiopathic and chronic inflammation of the digestive tract. The distinction between inflammatory bowel diseases and functional bowel disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome, can be complex because they often present with similar symptoms. Rapid and inexpensive noninvasive tests that are sensitive, specific and simple are needed to prevent patient discomfort, delay in diagnosis, and unnecessary costs. None of the current commercially available serological biomarker tests can be used as a stand-alone diagnostic in clinics. Instead, these are used as an adjunct to endoscopy in diagnosis and prognosis of the disease.Along these lines,, fecal lactoferrin and cal...

Lung transplantation for pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis: a case report

Clinics — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 14:39:55 +0100

Fluconazole plasma concentration measurement by liquid chromatography for drug monitoring of burn patients

Clinics — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 14:39:55 +0100

Role of small-bowel endoscopy in the management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease:an international OMED–ECCO consensus

Fri, 12 Mar 2010 14:25:55 +0100

Aims: Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are lifelong diseases observed predominantly in the developed countries of the world. This document sets out the current consensus on the role of small-bowel endoscopy in the management of patients with these inflammatory bowel disease. Intended audience: Gastroenterologists. Publication history information: Published (from a joint ECCO/OMED conference held in Brussels in 2008) in Endoscopy July 2009: 41(7), 618-637. Access: Available to the general public. (Source: Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Specialist Library - Inflammatory bowel disease)

MEFV gene mutations and its impact on the clinical course in ulcerative colitis patients

Rheumatology International — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 18:12:11 +0100

Abstract Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory disease of the colonic mucosa. The presence of gene responsible for FMF, MEFV, which frequently causes inflammation, may aggravate the clinical course of UC. We aimed to determine the prevalence of MEFV mutations in UC patients and its impact on the clinical course. Four groups were formed as group 1 UC with distal disease, group 2 UC with pancolonic disease, group 3 UC with total colectomy, and group 4 Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) patients. Eleven mutations of FMF gene were investigated. The mean age of group 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 46.7 ± 13.9, 43.8 ± 12.9, 44.8 ± 14.2, and 45.8 ± 10.9 years, respectively. The mutations were identified in 19 of the 54 UC patients (35.2%). Homozyg...

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Role of small-bowel endoscopy in the management of patients with inflammatory bowel disease:an international OMED–ECCO consensus

Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Specialist Library - Diagnostic procedures — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 15:36:29 +0100

Health Tip: IBD May Contribute to Other Health Problems

MedlinePlus Health News — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 14:00:00 +0100

Inflammatory bowel disease isn't confined to the intestinesSource: HealthDay Related MedlinePlus Pages: Digestive Diseases, Ulcerative Colitis (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

Probiotics.

American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy : AJHP — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 17:22:30 +0100

Conclusion Probiotics have demonstrated efficacy in preventing and treating various medical conditions, particularly those involving the gastrointestinal tract. Data supporting their role in other conditions are often conflicting. PMID: 20208051 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Health-System Pharmacy : AJHP)

Laparoscopy for Benign Colorectal Diseases

Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 17:13:26 +0100

Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery 2010; 23: 042-050DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1247857ABSTRACTThe applicability of laparoscopy to many complex intraabdominal colorectal procedures continues to expand, and has been shown to be feasible and safe in experienced hands. Data are available on the elderly, rectal prolapse, diverticulitis, Hartman's takedown, small bowel obstruction, Crohn's disease, and ulcerative colitis. Clinically relevant advantages have been clearly demonstrated in selected patient populations. Laparoscopic surgery for benign colorectal disease should be considered in patients suitable for this approach to an abdominal operation.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Clinics in Colon and Rectal Surgery)

National Event Addresses Breakthroughs in Crohn’s & Colitis Research: National Expert & Researcher Answers Key Questions on Interactive Webcast/Teleconference

PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 16:45:28 +0100

Research in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) is changing and improving the way Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis—chronic and often debilitating digestive diseases impacting 1.4 million Americans—are diagnosed and treated. On Tuesday, March 30, at 1 PM ET , Crohn’s and colitis patients, families, and caregivers can tune into a Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation of America (CCFA) interactive educational webcast/teleconference entitled, “Breakthroughs in IBD Research: Helping You Today.” National expert and researcher Stephan R. Targan, MD, Director of the Inflammatory Bowel and Immunobiology Research Institute at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, will discuss recent advances in IBD research and answer audience questions during an interactive question ...

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Intra-aortic mural thrombosis and splenic infarction in association with ulcerative colitis

Irish Journal of Medical Science — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 16:09:02 +0100

Conclusion This case highlights the frequently overlooked association between inflammatory bowel disease and arterial thrombosis. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/s11845-010-0472-8Authors H. K. Kok, Beaumont Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Dublin 9 IrelandS. Maguire, Beaumont Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Dublin 9 IrelandA. Corr, Beaumont Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Dublin 9 IrelandM. Sadlier, Beaumont Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Dublin 9 IrelandS. Patchett, Beaumont Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Dublin 9 IrelandG. Harewood, Beaumont Hospital Department of Gastroenterology Dublin 9 Ireland Journal Irish Journal of Medical ScienceOnline ISSN 1863-4362Print ISSN 0021-1265 (Source: Irish ...

Laparoscopic subtotal colectomy for medically refractory ulcerative colitis: the time has come

Surgical Endoscopy — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 16:00:45 +0100

Conclusion Laparoscopic STC confers the benefits of improved cosmesis, reduced intraoperative blood loss, negligible wound complications, and shorter hospital stay. Laparoscopy is a feasible and safe alternative to open STC in patients with UC refractory to medical therapy requiring urgent or emergent operation. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00464-009-0819-2Authors Dana A. Telem, The Mount Sinai Medical Center Department of Surgery 1010 Fifth Avenue New York NY 10128 USAAnthony J. Vine, The Mount Sinai Medical Center Department of Surgery 1010 Fifth Avenue New York NY 10128 USAGarry Swain, The Mount Sinai Medical Center Department of Surgery 1010 Fifth Avenue New York NY 10128 USACelia M. Divino, The Mount Sinai Medical Center Department of Surgery 1010 F...

Surgery for ulcerative colitis in 1,000 patients

International Journal of Colorectal Disease — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 15:33:50 +0100

Conclusion A restorative proctocolectomy with an IPAA is a safe procedure, with low rates of mortality and major morbidity. We do not recommend routine application of IPAA in any subset of patients with known CD. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00384-010-0915-8Authors Hiroki Ikeuchi, Hyogo College of Medicine Department of Surgery 1-1 Mukogawa-cho Nishinomiya Hyogo 663-8501 JapanMotoi Uchino, Hyogo College of Medicine Department of Surgery 1-1 Mukogawa-cho Nishinomiya Hyogo 663-8501 JapanHiroki Matsuoka, Hyogo College of Medicine Department of Surgery 1-1 Mukogawa-cho Nishinomiya Hyogo 663-8501 JapanToshihiro Bando, Hyogo College of Medicine Department of Surgery 1-1 Mukogawa-cho Nishinomiya Hyogo 663-8501 JapanTakayuki Matsumoto, Hy...

New pathophysiological insights and modern treatment of IBD

Journal of Gastroenterology — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 15:32:00 +0100

Abstract Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which comprises two main types, namely, Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, affects approximately 3.6 million people in the USA and Europe, and an alarming rise in low-incidence areas, such as Asia, is currently being observed. In the last decade, spontaneous mutations in a diversity of genes have been identified, and these have helped to elucidate pathways that can lead to IBD. Animal studies have also increased our knowledge of the pathological dialogue between the intestinal microbiota and components of the innate and adaptive immune systems misdirecting the immune system to attack the colon. Present-day medical therapy of IBD consists of salicylates, corticosteroids, immunosuppressants and immunomodulators. However,...

N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid diet therapy for patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

N-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are considered important pharmaconutrients for modulating mucosal immunity and therapeutic responses in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We investigated the influence of diet therapy involving the use of an "n-3 PUFA food exchange table" (n-3DP) on the fatty acid composition of the erythrocyte membranes of IBD patients and its remission-maintaining effects.We analyzed the fatty acid composition of the erythrocyte membrane before and after n-3DP intervention in 20 initial-onset IBD patients who had not undergone any dietary intervention. We then analyzed it again and evaluated disease activity after 12-18 months intervention in 230 IBD patients (168 ulcerative colitis, 62 Crohn's disease; follow-up group) in whom n-3DP was introduced aft...

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Overexpression of translocator protein in inflammatory bowel disease: Potential diagnostic and treatment value

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are chronic inflammatory disorders that increase the risk for colorectal cancer. The mitochondrial translocator protein (TSPO) is a high-affinity drug- and cholesterol-binding protein expressed in the colon and its expression is increased in colon cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate TSPO expression in IBD biopsies and to establish an animal model of IBD to examine the role of TSPO. In addition, we evaluated the potential use of TSPO drug ligands in diagnosing and treating IBD.TSPO expression in IBD biopsies was evaluated using immunohistochemistry. IBD was induced in a rat experimental model via treatment with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS). Colon morphology, TSPO expression, and proinflammatory...

IL-23/IL-17 axis in IBD

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Gut inflammation occurring in patients with Crohn's disease and patients with ulcerative colitis has been traditionally associated with an exaggerated Th1 or Th2 cell response, respectively. However, recent studies have shown that in both inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) there is also enhanced synthesis of cytokines made by a distinct subset of T helper cells, termed Th17 cells. The discovery that this new T-cell subset drives immune-mediated pathology in the gut, and that interleukin (IL)-23 amplifies Th17 cell responses and gut inflammation, has contributed to elucidate new pathways of tissue damage as well as to open new avenues for development of therapeutic strategies in IBD. Nonetheless, it has been recently shown that Th17-related cytokines, such as IL-17A and IL-22, can ...

Colonic epithelial upregulation of interleukin 22 (IL-22) in patients with ulcerative colitis

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)

Population-Specific Susceptibility to Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis; Dominant and Recessive Relative Risks in the Japanese Population

Annals of Human Genetics — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Crohn's disease (CD), a type of chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), is commonly found in European and East Asian countries. The calculated heritability of CD appears to be higher than that of ulcerative colitis (UC), another type of IBD. Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified more than thirty CD-associated genes/regions in the European population. In the East Asian population, however, a clear association between CD and an associated gene has only been detected with TNFSF15. In order to determine if CD susceptibility differs geographically, nine SNPs from seven of the European CD-associated genomic regions were selected for analysis. The genotype frequencies for these SNPs were compared among the 380 collected Japanese samples, which consisted of 212 IBD cases ...

Enhancement of intestinal inflammation in mice lacking interleukin 10 by deletion of the serotonin reuptake transporter

Neurogastroenterology and Motility — Mon, 08 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions & Inferences Our observations indicate that colitis associated with IL-10 deficient mice is enhanced when the IL-10 deficiency is combined with a SERT deficiency. The data support the concept that 5-HT is a pro-inflammatory mediator in the gut. (Source: Neurogastroenterology and Motility)

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Colonoscopy in Hong Kong Chinese children.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Sun, 07 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Colonoscopy is a safe procedure in our Chinese children. The increasing diagnosis of IBD in recent decades may reflect a rising incidence of the disease in our children. PMID: 20205284 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

Prediction of flare-ups of ulcerative colitis using quantitative immunochemical fecal occult blood test.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Sun, 07 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Flare-up could be predicted by I-FOBT in approximately 20% of UC patients. These results warrant periodical I-FOBT in UC patients. PMID: 20205282 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

Oral treatment with HE3286 ameliorates disease in rodent models of rheumatoid arthritis.

International Journal of Molecular Medicine — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 13:22:17 +0100

Authors: Auci DL, Mangano K, Destiche D, White SK, Huang Y, Boyle D, Frincke J, Reading CL, Nicoletti F HE3286 (17alpha-ethynyl-5-androstene-3beta, 7beta, 17beta-triol) is an orally bio-available synthetic derivative of naturally occurring androstene-3beta, 7beta, 17beta-triol. Our present data show that oral treatment with HE3286, favourably influenced the course of arthritis in the rat model of adjuvant-induced arthritis (reduced cumulative disease scores and paw edema), and in the mouse model of collagen antibody-induced arthritis (reduced clinical paw scores). Importantly, HE3286 was not immune suppressive in human mixed lymphocyte reaction or in animals challenged with Coxsackie B3 virus. HE3286 is currently in phase I/II clinical trials in rheumatoid arthritis and ulcerative coli...

STAT3 locus in inflammatory bowel disease and multiple sclerosis susceptibility

Genes and Immunity — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: M C Cénit, A Alcina, A Márquez, J L Mendoza, M Díaz-Rubio, V de las Heras, G Izquierdo, R Arroyo, O Fernández, E G de la Concha, F Matesanz & E Urcelay (Source: Genes and Immunity)

Smoking, Use of Moist Snuff and Risk of Chronic Inflammatory Diseases.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine — Thu, 04 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Smokeless tobacco does not increase the risk of chronic inflammatory diseases, suggesting that inhaled non-nicotinic components of cigarette smoke are more important than nicotine itself in the aetiology of these diseases. PMID: 20203245 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine)

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Low Prevalence of CMV Infection in Patients with Crohn’s Disease in Comparison with Ulcerative Colitis: Effect of Different Immune Response on Prevalence of CMV Infection

Digestive Diseases and Sciences — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 08:05:06 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory CorrespondenceDOI 10.1007/s10620-010-1162-0Authors Hiroshi Nakase, Kyoto University Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine 54, Shogoin-Kawaracho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8507 JapanTakuya Yoshino, Kyoto University Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine 54, Shogoin-Kawaracho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8507 JapanYusuke Honzawa, Kyoto University Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine 54, Shogoin-Kawaracho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8507 JapanTsutomu Chiba, Kyoto University Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine 54, Shogoin-Kawaracho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8507 Japan Journal Digestive Diseases and SciencesOnline ISSN 1573-2568P...

Azathioprine and Ulcerative Colitis: A “Second-Look” Meta-Analysis

Digestive Diseases and Sciences — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 08:05:05 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory CorrespondenceDOI 10.1007/s10620-010-1163-zAuthors Barrett G. Levesque, Stanford University School of Medicine Center for Health Policy/Primary Care and Outcomes Research and Division of Gastroenterology 117 Encina Commons Stanford CA 94305 USAIngram Olkin, Stanford University Department of Statistics Sequoia 126 Stanford CA 94305 USA Journal Digestive Diseases and SciencesOnline ISSN 1573-2568Print ISSN 0163-2116 (Source: Digestive Diseases and Sciences)

Hepatopancreatobiliary manifestations and complications associated with inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Wed, 03 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Diseases involving the hepatopancreatobiliary (HPB) system are frequently encountered in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Hepatobiliary manifestations constitute some of the most common extraintestinal manifestations of IBD. They appear to occur with similar frequency in patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis. HPB manifestations may occur in following settings: 1) disease possibly associated with a shared pathogenetic mechanism with IBD including primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), small-duct PSC/pericholangitis and PSC/autoimmune hepatitis overlap, acute and chronic pancreatitis related to IBD; 2) diseases which parallel structural and physiological changes seen with IBD, including cholelithiasis, portal vein thrombosis, and hepatic abscess; and 3) ...

Thiopurine Therapy For IBD Improves Quality Of Life

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 14:00:00 +0100

Patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis do perceive a benefit from thiopurine treatment. A report in the open access journal BMC Gastroenterology has demonstrated improved health-related quality of life in 92 IBD patients. Guillermo Bastida worked with a team of researchers from La Fe Hospital, Valencia, Spain, to investigate the controversial thiopurine treatment. He said, "The efficacy of thiopurines in the scenarios in which they are prescribed, either to induce or to maintain remission in IBD, is well proven... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Thiopurine Therapy For IBD Improves Quality Of Life

Crohn's News From Medical News Today — Tue, 02 Mar 2010 14:00:00 +0100

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Inflammatory bowel disease: a global perspective

Mon, 01 Mar 2010 15:02:50 +0100

Aims: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) represents a group of idiopathic chronic inflammatory intestinal conditions. The two main disease categories the term covers are Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), with both overlapping and distinct clinical and pathological features. These guidelines cover diagnosis and management of both CD and UC, and describe the differences in IBD and its incidence in different parts of the world. Intended audience: Gastroenterologists Publication history information: Published in June 2009 Access: Available to the general public (Source: Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Specialist Library - Inflammatory bowel disease)

Reciprocal changes of Foxp3 expression in blood and intestinal mucosa in IBD patients responding to infliximab

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Immune therapies may act in inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) by modulating regulatory T cells (Tregs). Therefore, we investigated the effect of infliximab (IFX) therapy on Forkhead box protein3 (Foxp3) T cells in blood and intestinal mucosa from Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).Forty patients with active IBD (23 CD / 17 UC) were treated with IFX 5 mg/kg intravenously at weeks 0, 2, 6, and each 8 weeks thereafter. Blood samples were obtained before every infusion and T-lymphocyte subsets were characterized by flow cytometry. Foxp3 expression in intestinal biopsies from 43 patients with active IBD (19 CD / 24 UC) before and after IFX infusion and from 6 controls were assessed by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. Plasma C-r...

Endoscopic-Bioptic Diagnostics, Surveillance of and Therapy for Gastrointestinal Diseases According to Guidelines.

Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Warich-Eitel S, Fischbach W, Eck M The present review summarises the detailed recommendations for an optimal endoscopic-bioptic diagnostic procedure, endoscopic surveillance of and therapy for gastrointestinal diseases. The recommendations are mainly based on the S 3-guidelines and have been developed by histopathologists and gastroenterologists in interdisciplinary work. The material has been arranged according to topographic regions of the gastrointestinal tract and clinical problems. The focus is placed on diagnostic and surveillance of Barrett's oesophagus, therapy and postoperative treatment for early gastrointestinal carcinoma, management of colon polyps and endoscopic surveillance of inflammatory bowel disease. Treatment recommendations for both ulcerative colitis and C...

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases as Multi-Focal Disorders: Results from a Multi-Regional Survey on Bodily and Psychosocial Problems in IBD Patients.

Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Beside somatic ailments typical for the disease, patients also reported multiple psychosocial impairments and participation restrictions and should hence profit from a multi- and interdisciplinary team care. PMID: 20221992 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Zeitschrift fur Gastroenterologie)

Association of the interleukin-23 receptor gene variant rs11209026 with Crohn's disease in German children

Acta Paediatrica — Sat, 27 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Our study provides additional support for the strong protection of the rs11209026 (p.Arg381Gln) variant against paediatric CD. IL23R was expressed in both CD and UC with a great variability. However, expression levels showed no significant association with the disease. (Source: Acta Paediatrica)

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J Pouch—An Overview

Journal of Pediatric Nursing — Fri, 26 Feb 2010 14:57:45 +0100

J pouch surgery has been a widely accepted surgical treatment for patients with ulcerative colitis as well as those who have been diagnosed with familial polyposis. Recent advances in surgical technique and minimally invasive technology have had a positive impact on the postoperative course of pediatric patients undergoing this procedure. (Source: Journal of Pediatric Nursing)

Increased thrombin generation in inflammatory bowel diseases

Thrombosis Research — Fri, 26 Feb 2010 14:24:47 +0100

Abstract: Background: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are characterized by an increased thrombotic risk of uncertain etiology. Endogenous thrombin potential (ETP), a parameter of the thrombin generation curve, represents a new tool in the evaluation of thrombotic and bleeding disorders.Aims: To study ETP in IBD patients and to correlate the results with clinical and biochemical features.Methods: Seventy-four IBD patients (37 ulcerative colitis and 37 Crohn's disease) and 74 sex- and age-matched healthy individuals. ETP was measured upon activation of coagulation with small amounts of tissue factor and phospholipids in the presence or absence of thrombomodulin; results were expressed as nM thrombin·minutes.Results: Mean±SD ETP values were significantly higher in patients (1,499±454) th...

Efficacy of Granulocytapheresis for the Treatment of Active Ulcerative Colitis and Avoidance of Systemic Corticosteroid Administration

Karger Publishers — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Digestion 2010;82:3738 (DOI:10.1159/000276896) (Source: Karger Publishers)

Poor catch-up growth after proctocolectomy in pediatric patients with ulcerative colitis receiving prolonged steroid therapy

Pediatric Surgery International — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 06:51:42 +0100

Conclusion Preoperative prolonged high steroid therapy may disturb growth recovery of pediatric patients with UC, while early induction of colectomy allowed pediatric patients with PSL dependency to become free of steroids and get normal growth. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00383-010-2577-6Authors Keiichi Uchida, Mie University Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine 2-174 Edobashi Tsu Mie 514-8507 JapanToshimitsu Araki, Mie University Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine 2-174 Edobashi Tsu Mie 514-8507 JapanMikihiro Inoue, Mie University Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine 2-174 Edobashi Tsu Mie 514...

Is there a role for mannan-binding lectin in the diagnosis of inflammatory bowel disease?

Immunogenetics — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 06:48:58 +0100

Abstract Mannan-binding lectin (MBL) activates the lectin-complement pathway as part of the innate immune defence by binding to the surface of microorganisms. Therefore, MBL2 presents an interesting candidate gene for the inflammatory bowel diseases, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). In our study, we evaluated the MBL serum concentrations and genotypes for diagnostic and classification purposes of patients with CD and UC. The MBL serum concentration was analysed in 98 CD patients and in 83 UC patients. In total, 82 patients with inflammatory rheumatic disorders and 189 healthy individuals served as controls. All study subjects were genotyped for the MBL2 polymorphisms G54D, G57E and R52C and the NOD2 (CARD15) mutations R702W, G908R and L1007fsinsC. Neither t...

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Evidence of interaction of CARD8 rs2043211 with NALP3 rs35829419 in Crohn's disease

Genes and Immunity — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: R L Roberts, R K G Topless, A J Phipps-Green, R B Gearry, M L Barclay & T R Merriman (Source: Genes and Immunity)

Advances of Endomicroscopy for Gastrointestinal Physiology and Diseases.

Am J Physiol Gastroi... — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Goetz M, Kiesslich R Confocal endomicroscopy is a novel technique that permits in vivo microscopy of the human gastrointestinal mucosa during ongoing endoscopy, thereby providing optical virtual biopsies. Endomicroscopy has been demonstrated to reveal histologic information in a multitude of diseases in the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract in vivo. Most studies have focused on inflammation and neoplasia, such as Barrett's esophagus, gastric cancer, celiac disease, Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, or colorectal neoplasias. Endomicroscopy allows obtaining "smart", targeted biopsies from regions with microscopic alterations rather than having to rely on random untargeted tissue sampling. This reduces the number of biopsies while increasing the diagnostic yield. In ad...

Hydrogen sulfide induces human colon cancer cell proliferation: role of Akt, ERK and p21.

Cell Biology International — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, NaHS induced human colon cancer cell proliferation. This effect might be mediated by the increase of Akt and ERK phosphorylation and the decrease of p21Waf1/Cip1 expression and NO production. The results suggested a role for H2S in human colonic cancer development. PMID: 20184555 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cell Biology International)

Impaired erythrocyte antioxidant defense in active inflammatory bowel disease: Impact of anemia and treatment

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Oxidative stress contributes to the propagation and exacerbation of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) but the status of erythrocyte antioxidant defense remains unknown.Erythrocyte activities of superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD1), catalase, and glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx1) were determined in 174 IBD patients and 105 controls and referred to IBD activity, inflammation severity, nutritional status, systemic oxidative stress, anemia, and treatment.Catalase and GPx1 activities were decreased in active IBD, whereas SOD1 became upregulated by IBD-related oxidative stress. In Crohn's disease (CD) corticosteroids decreased SOD1 activity. SOD1 correlated indirectly with CD activity and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) and directly with transferrin. In ulcerative colitis (UC) anemia downregulated SO...

Deep Venous Thrombosis After Surgery for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Is Standard Dose Low Molecular Weight Heparin Prophylaxis Enough?

World Journal of Surgery — Tue, 23 Feb 2010 07:18:48 +0100

Conclusions In conclusion, our study showed that prophylactic therapy with 4,000 IU/day LMWH was not completely effective for the prevention of postoperative DVT in patients with CD, and even less so in those with UC. In these patients, a more tailored prophylactic therapy should be considered, and further randomized controlled trials testing the effectiveness of different prophylactic protocols would be advisable. Furthermore, aCL IgM serum levels might be helpful in identifying IBD patients who are at higher risk of postoperative DVT. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00268-010-0490-8Authors Marco Scarpa, Veneto Oncological Institute (IOV-IRCCS) Department of Oncological Surgery Via Gattamelata 64 35128 Padova ItalyFabio Pilon, U.O.A Chirurgia Vascol...

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Efficacy of methotrexate in ulcerative colitis: Failure or promise

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Tue, 23 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Low-dose methotrexate is a widely used and efficacious therapy in chronic inflammatory disorders such as psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis. Prospective randomized controlled trials have demonstrated the efficacy of parenteral methotrexate in Crohn's disease (CD). We performed a systematic review of the efficacy of methotrexate in ulcerative colitis (UC) and discuss the results in the context of the known pharmacokinetics and adverse events of methotrexate therapy in inflammatory bowel diseases and other inflammatory conditions.We performed a systematic review of the literature in Medline, Embase, and Web of Science. All publications describing patients with UC treated with methotrexate were included.We identified 12 studies or retrospective case series and 5 meeting abstracts that met the...

Case series: Ulcerative colitis, multiple sclerosis, and interferon-beta 1a

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Tue, 23 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)

Clinical utility of C-reactive protein in patients with ileal pouch anal anastomosis

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Tue, 23 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Inflammatory and noninflammatory complications of ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) are common after restorative proctocolectomy for ulcerative colitis (UC). The clinical utility of C-reactive protein (CRP) in ileal pouch disorders has not been investigated.All IPAA patients with underlying UC who had serum CRP tested within 2 weeks of pouch endoscopy were included. The correlation between the level of serum CRP and the Pouch Disease Activity Index (PDAI) scores were evaluated. Diagnostic accuracy of CRP in assessing disease activity by PDAI endoscopy subscores was evaluated.There were 83 patients (with a total 88 CRP tests), including normal pouches (n = 7), active pouchitis (n = 6), chronic pouchitis (n = 18), Crohn's disease of the pouch (n = 23), cuffitis (n = 13), irritable pouch sy...

Interferon-gamma-expressing cells are a major source of interleukin-21 in inflammatory bowel diseases

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Tue, 23 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We previously demonstrated that in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) there is enhanced production of interleukin (IL)-21, a cytokine that activates multiple pathways that sustain mucosal inflammation. However, the phenotype of IL-21-producing cells in IBD, and the cytokine(s) they coproduce, is not known. We here characterized the cell source of IL-21 and determined which factors regulate IL-21 in the human gut.Cytokines were analyzed in CD4+ T intestinal lamina propria lymphocytes (T-LPL) isolated from IBD patients and controls by flow cytometry. Moreover, IL-21 was evaluated in mucosal T follicular cells (TFH). To assess the involvement of IL-12 and IL-23 in the production of IL-21, T-LPL were activated in the presence or absence of IL-12 or IL-23.The proportion of IL-21-producing CD4+ T-...

Ulcerative colitis in Madrid, Spain: Current management

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Tue, 23 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)

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When should ulcerative colitis patients undergo colectomy for dysplasia? Mismatch between patient preferences and physician recommendations

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Tue, 23 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

The objective was to learn if UC patients' perceptions of their colon cancer risk and if their preferences for elective colectomy match with physicians' recommendations if dysplasia was found.A self-administered written survey included 199 patients with UC for at least 8 years (mean age 49 years, 52% female) who were recruited from Dartmouth-Hitchcock (n = 104) and the University of Chicago (n = 95). The main outcome was the proportion of patients who disagree with physicians' recommendations for colectomy because of dysplasia.Almost all respondents recognized that UC raised their chance of getting colon cancer. In all, 74% thought it was "unlikely" or "very unlikely" to get colon cancer within the next 10 years and they quantified this risk to be 23%; 60% of patients would refuse a physic...

Asian women with UC at risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes

MedWire News - Gastroenterology — Mon, 22 Feb 2010 14:30:58 +0100

Asian women with ulcerative colitis are at an increased risk for having preterm and low-birthweight babies, research shows. (Source: MedWire News - Gastroenterology)

Disease-related expression of the IL6/STAT3/SOCS3 signalling pathway in ulcerative colitis and ulcerative colitis-related carcinogenesis

Gut — Mon, 22 Feb 2010 10:58:24 +0100

Conclusion The importance of IL6/p-STAT3 in patients with inflammation-induced CRC was demonstrated. Moreover, SOCS3 may be involved in UC pathogenesis and the absence of SOCS3 seems critical for CRC progression. (Source: Gut)

Co-morbidity and Age-related Prevalence of Psoriasis: Analysis of Health Insurance Data in Germany.

Acta Derm Venereol A... — Sun, 21 Feb 2010 21:21:30 +0100

In conclusion, psoriasis is associated with significant co-morbidities that imply an elevated risk of severe complications. PMID: 20169297 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Acta Derm Venereol A...)

Imaging of cell trafficking in Crohn's disease

Journal of Cellular Physiology — Sat, 20 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Inflammatory bowel diseases are represented by ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, both consisting of a chronic, uncontrolled inflammation of the intestinal mucosa of any part of the gastrointestinal tract with patchy or continuous inflammation. Ileo-colonoscopy is considered the current gold standard imaging technique for the diagnosis. However, as the majority of patients need a long-term follow-up it would be ideal to rely on a non-invasive technique with good compliance. This review focuses on nuclear medicine imaging techniques in Crohn's disease. Different scintigraphic methods of imaging cells involved in the pathogenesis are described. The radiopharmaceuticals can be divided into non-specific radiopharmaceuticals for inflammation and specific radiopharmaceuticals that directly ...

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American College of Gastroenterology practice guidelines on ulcerative colitis in adults

NeLM - News — Fri, 19 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Source: Am J Gastroenterol Area: News The American College of Gastroenterology and its Practice Parameters Committee have published guidelines on ulcerative colitis in adults that provides recommendations on the following: . Diagnosis and assessment . Approach to management . Management of mild-moderate distal colitis . Maintenance of remission in distal disease . Management of mild-moderate extensive active colitis . Maintenance of remission of mild-moderate extensive colitis . Management of severe colitis . Surgery . Management of pouchitis . Cancer surveillance (Source: NeLM - News)

New Guideline Identifies Major Risk Factors In The Development Of Colorectal Cancer In Children And Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 17 Feb 2010 13:00:00 +0100

Certain patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease of the colon, have an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer compared to individuals without IBD. A number of factors contribute to the increase in risk, which necessitates an individualized and sensible approach to surveillance in patients, according to a new medical position statement and technical review published by the American Gastroenterological Association in its official journal, Gastroenterology... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

New Guideline Identifies Major Risk Factors In The Development Of Colorectal Cancer In Children And Adults With Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Crohn's News From Medical News Today — Wed, 17 Feb 2010 13:00:00 +0100

Fulminant Ulcerative Colitis

New England Journal of Medicine — Wed, 17 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

A 20-year-old man with a recent diagnosis of ulcerative colitis had increasingly frequent bloody diarrhea and weight loss. He was admitted to our hospital after showing no response to treatment ... (Source: New England Journal of Medicine)

The role of laparoscopic surgery for ulcerative colitis: systematic review with meta-analysis

International Journal of Colorectal Disease — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 18:05:45 +0100

Conclusions Laparoscopic surgery for ulcerative colitis was at least as safe as open surgery, even better in postoperative fasting time, postoperative hospital stay, and overall complication rate. However, clinical value of laparoscopic surgery for ulcerative colitis needed further evaluation with more well-designed and long-term follow-up studies. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00384-010-0898-5Authors Xiao-Jian Wu, Sun Yat-sen University Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou 510655 ChinaXiao-Sheng He, Sun Yat-sen University Department of Colorectal Surgery, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou 510655 ChinaXu-Yu Zhou, Sun Yat-sen University Medical Information Research Institute Guangzhou 5100...

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AGA offers new recommendations for CRC surveillance for certain patients with IBD

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 05:00:00 +0100

(American Gastroenterological Association) Certain patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease of the colon, have an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer compared to individuals without IBD. A number of factors contribute to the increase in risk, which necessitates an individualized and sensible approach to surveillance in patients, according to a new medical position statement and technical review published by the American Gastroenterological Association in its official journal, Gastroenterology. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Teaching old drugs new tricks

The Irish Times - Health — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 00:05:58 +0100

A clinical trial, which is to begin shortly, will look at a new way of delivering drugs to patients with ulcerative colitis, writesCLAIRE O'CONNELL (Source: The Irish Times - Health)

Isotretinoin Use May Increase the Risk for IBD

Internal Medicine News — Mon, 15 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

SAN DIEGO — Isotretinoin use was associated with a 68% increased risk for subsequent development of inflammatory bowel disease, particularly ulcerative colitis, in a retrospective case-control study of 30,021 patients. (Source: Internal Medicine News)

The Impact of Ulcerative Colitis on Patients’ Lives Compared to Other Chronic Diseases: A Patient Survey

Digestive Diseases and Sciences — Sat, 13 Feb 2010 06:49:54 +0100

Conclusions Compared to patients with other chronic conditions, patients with UC perceive substantially more negative impact upon their lives, especially with regard to the psychological burden. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10620-009-0953-7Authors David T. Rubin, University of Chicago Medical Center Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 4076 Chicago IL 60637 USAMarla C. Dubinsky, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center Pediatric IBD 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Suite 1165W Los Angeles CA 90048 USARemo Panaccione, University of Calgary Division of Gastroenterology rm 6D28, Teaching Research and Wellness Building, 3280 Hospital Drive NW Calgary AB T2N4N1 CanadaCorey A. Siegel, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Ce...

Immunosuppressive effects via human intestinal dendritic cells of probiotic bacteria and steroids in the treatment of acute ulcerative colitis

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Sat, 13 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In ulcerative colitis (UC) gut bacteria drive inflammation. Bacterial recognition and T-cell responses are shaped by intestinal dendritic cells (DCs); therapeutic effects of probiotic bacteria may relate to modulation of intestinal DC. The probiotic mixture, VSL#3, increases interleukin (IL)-10 and downregulates IL-12p40 production by DC in vitro. We evaluated in vivo effects of oral VSL#3 and steroids on colonic DC in patients with acute UC.Rectal biopsies were obtained from patients with active UC before and after treatment with VSL#3, corticosteroids, or placebo, and from healthy controls. Myeloid colonic DC were studied from freshly isolated lamina propria cells using multicolor flow cytometry. Surface expression of activation markers, CD40, CD86, pattern recognition receptors, Toll-li...

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First Isolation of Desulfovibrio from the Human Vaginal Flora.

Anaerobe — Sat, 13 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ichiishi S, Tanaka K, Nakao K, Izumi K, Mikamo H, Watanabe K Four Desulfovibrio species, including 2 subtypes of 1 species, namely, D. piger, D. desulfuricans MB subtype and Essex 6 subtype, D. fairfieldensis, and D. vulgaris, have been isolated from the human oral and intestinal flora, but not previously from the vaginal flora. They are opportunistic pathogens and have been considered as possible environmental and etiologic agents involved in ulcerative colitis and chronic periodontitis. We isolated Desulfovibrio intestinalis from vaginal specimens of four Japanese women; a species which has not been previously isolated from humans. The vaginal isolates were highly resistant to cefoxitin, piperacillin, and piperacillintazobactam but were susceptible to the other antimicrobial...

Thiopurine therapy in inflammatory bowel disease patients: Analyses of two 8-year intercept cohorts

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Fri, 12 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Thiopurines have proven efficacy in long-term maintenance therapy of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Limited data are available with regard to factors predicting effectiveness and failure of long-term thiopurine use in IBD patients.The data in this retrospective study are based on an 8-year intercept cohort of previous or present thiopurine-using IBD patients. Both cohorts are assessed by descriptive and statistical analysis aimed at determining thiopurine effectiveness and the variables that are predictive for failure of thiopurine therapy.In all, 363 IBD patients were included (60% female), 63% with Crohn's disease and 33% with ulcerative colitis. Overall, thiopurines were continued in 145/363 (40%) and discontinued in 208/363 (57%) patients. The proportion of patients still using thio...

Mechanisms by which inflammation may increase intestinal cancer risk in inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Fri, 12 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are at increased risk of developing intestinal cancers via mechanisms that remain incompletely understood. However, chronic inflammation and repeated events of inflammatory relapse in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) expose these patients to a number of signals known to have tumorigenic effects including persistent activation of the nuclear factor-[kappa]B and cyclooxygenase-2/prostaglandin pathways, release of proinflammatory mediators such as tumor necrosis factor-[alpha] and interleukin-6, and enhanced local levels of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species. These inflammatory signals can contribute to carcinogenesis via 3 major processes: 1) by increasing oxidative stress, which promotes DNA mutagenesis thus contributing to tumor initia...

Preliminary evidence supporting a framework of psychological adjustment to inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Fri, 12 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Adjustment to chronic disease is a multidimensional construct described as successful adaptation to disease-specific demands, preservation of psychological well-being, functional status, and quality of life. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can be particularly challenging due to the unpredictable, relapsing and remitting course of the disease.All participants were patients being treated in an outpatient gastroenterology clinic at a university medical center. Participants completed a survey of questionnaires assessing illness perceptions, stress, emotional functioning, disease acceptance, coping, disease impact, and disease-specific and health-related quality of life. Adjustment was measured as a composite of perceived disability, psychological functioning, and disease-specific and health-r...

Trichuris suis might be effective in treating allergic rhinitis

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology — Fri, 12 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

To the Editor: We compliment Bager et al for performing the first randomized, double-blind controlled trial of Trichuris suis ova in the treatment of allergic rhinitis. They concluded that the agent had no therapeutic effect on grass pollen–induced disease. Our studies demonstrated that T suis exposure reduced disease activity in patients with immune-mediated ulcerative colitis and Crohn disease. Mechanistic studies in animals demonstrated that helminth exposure reduced hyperactive airway disease through induction of regulatory T cells. In the study by Bager et al, T suis ova treatment produced definite biologic effects, including increased eosinophil counts and T suis–specific IgE, IgG4, and IgA levels. These observations established that T suis had a significant effect on the human...

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Infliximab Safe and Effective in Children With Ulcerative Colitis

Medscape Medical News Headlines — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 16:17:04 +0100

Infliximab provides good short- and long-term outcomes in children with refractory ulcerative colitis (UC), a new study shows. Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Medical News Headlines)

Prevalence of Joint Hypermobility and Patterns of Articular Manifestations in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Gastroenterology Research and Practice — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 14:24:37 +0100

Conclusions. JH and the HMS are common in CD patients, thus articular manifestations should be carefully interpreted. This implies an involvement of collagen varieties in the pathogenesis of IBD. (Source: Gastroenterology Research and Practice)

The STAT4 Gene Influences Genetic Predisposition to Ulcerative Colitis but not Crohn's Disease in the Spanish Population: A Replication Study.

Human Immunology — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Diaz-Gallo LM, Palomino-Morales RJ, Gómez-García M, Cardeña C, Rodrigo L, Nieto A, Alcain G, Cueto I, López-Nevot MA, Martin J PMID: 20153791 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Human Immunology)

[Use of TNFalpha antibodies in treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.]

Tidsskrift for den Norske Laegeforening — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This article provides an overview of indications, contraindications, efficacy, and side effects of this so-called biological treatment of IBD. Material and methods. Based on the clinical experience of the authors, literature was selected through a non-systematic search in PubMed. Results. TNFalpha-antibodies have a documented initial effect in 60-70 % of patients with moderate to severe luminal and/or fistulising IBD. Approximately 30 % of patients achieve remission after a relatively short treatment period. However, the effect seems to decrease during long-term treatment. It is still unsettled whether these drugs prevent colectomy in ulcerative colitis. The treatment seems to increase the risk of serious infections and there are also some indications of an increased risk of malignancy. Co...

Bowel Disease Flare-Ups Raise Risk of Blood Clots

MedlinePlus Health News — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 22:22:58 +0100

People with active forms of a group of conditions known as inflammatory bowel disease, or IBD, seem to be at far greater risk of developing potentially life-threatening blood clots than previously recognized, a British study released Monday indicates. Source: Reuters Health Related MedlinePlus Topics: Crohn's Disease, Deep Vein Thrombosis, Ulcerative Colitis (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

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Blueberries counteract intestinal diseases

ScienceDaily Headlines — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 16:00:00 +0100

It is already known that blueberries are rich in antioxidants and vitamins. New research shows that blueberry fiber is important and can alleviate and protect against intestinal inflammations, such as ulcerative colitis. The protective effect is even better if the blueberries are eaten together with probiotics. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)

Blueberries Counteract Intestinal Diseases

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 10:00:00 +0100

It is already known that blueberries are rich in antioxidants and vitamins. New research from the Lund University Faculty of Engineering in Sweden shows that blueberry fibre are important and can alleviate and protect against intestinal inflammations, such as ulcerative colitis. The protective effect is even better if the blueberries are eaten together with probiotics... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Blueberries Counteract Intestinal Diseases

GastroIntestinal News From Medical News Today — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 10:00:00 +0100

Oral tacrolimus (FK 506) in refractory paediatric ulcerative colitis

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

Oral tacrolimus (FK 506) in refractory paediatric ulcerative colitis: authors' reply

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

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Association analysis of MICA gene polymorphism and MICA-129 dimorphism with inflammatory bowel disease susceptibility in a Spanish population.

Human Immunology — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: López-Hernández R, Valdés M, Lucas D, Campillo JA, Martínez-Garcia P, Salama H, López M, Salgado G, Botella C, Minguela A, Miras M, Alvarez-López MR, Carballo F, Muro M MICA is located at 46 kb centromeric of HLA-B, is highly polymorphic and interactions with NKG2D, its receptor on the surface of NK, Tgammadelta and T CD8 lymphocytes. A variation at amino acid position 129 of the alpha2-heavy chain domain seems to categorize MICA alleles into strong and weak binder of NKG2D receptor and thereby to influence effector cell function. Our aim was to study allele polymorphism of MICA and the functionally relevant dimorphism (129val/met) of MICA gene in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients in our population. DNA was obtained from IBD patients (n=88...

Intestinal Protozoa Infections among Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: Prevalence and Impact on Clinical Disease Course

Digestion — Mon, 08 Feb 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Digestion 2010;82:1823 (DOI:10.1159/000273871) (Source: Digestion)

Distinct Demographic Profiles Between Crohn's Disease And Ulcerative Colitis

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 08 Feb 2010 10:00:00 +0100

Although inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) [comprising mainly Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC)] is thought to affect about 150 000 people in the United Kingdom, the prevalence of severe IBD is not known. Mortality following hospitalization for IBD is significant but little has been reported on long-term follow-up. A research article published on January 28, 2010 in the World Journal of Gastroenterology addresses this problem... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Distinct Demographic Profiles Between Crohn's Disease And Ulcerative Colitis

Crohn's News From Medical News Today — Mon, 08 Feb 2010 10:00:00 +0100

[Treatment adherence and use of complementary and alternative medicine in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.]

Orvosi Hetilap — Sun, 07 Feb 2010 03:46:26 +0100

Conclusions: Non-adherence and CAM use is common in patients with IBD. Special attention should be paid to explore the identified predictive factors during follow-up visits to improve adherence to therapy and improving patient-doctor relationship. PMID: 20133244 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Orvosi Hetilap)

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Endoscopic findings and clinicopathologic characteristics of colonic schistosomiasis: A report of 46 cases.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Sun, 07 Feb 2010 00:26:41 +0100

CONCLUSION: Endoscopy contributes to the diagnosis of colonic schistosomiasis although it is nonspecific. A correct diagnosis of colonic schistosomiasis can be established by endoscopy in combination with its clinicopathologic characteristics. PMID: 20135720 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

Atypical Rectal Bleeding: The Challenge of Diagnosing Mild Ulcerative Colitis

Digestive Diseases and Sciences — Sat, 06 Feb 2010 08:21:50 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Stanford Multidisciplinary SeminarsDOI 10.1007/s10620-010-1141-5Authors Barrett G. Levesque, Stanford University School of Medicine Division of Gastroenterology and Center for Primary Care and Outcomes Research 117 Encina Commons Stanford CA 94305 USAReetesh Pai, Stanford University Medical Center Department of Pathology Stanford CA USAShamita B. Shah, Stanford University Medical Center Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine 300 Pasteur Drive, MC: 5187 Stanford CA 94305-5187 USA Journal Digestive Diseases and SciencesOnline ISSN 1573-2568Print ISSN 0163-2116 (Source: Digestive Diseases and Sciences)

Microbicidal effect of the lactoferrin peptides Lactoferricin17-30, Lactoferrampin265-284, and Lactoferrin chimera on the parasite Entamoeba histolytica.

Biometals — Sat, 06 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: López-Soto F, León-Sicairos N, Nazmi K, Bolscher JG, de la Garza M Entamoeba histolytica is a parasitic protozoan that produces amoebiasis, an intestinal disease characterized by ulcerative colitis and dysentery. In some cases, trophozoites can travel to the liver leading to hepatic abscesses and death. Recently, lactoferrin and lactoferricin B have been shown to be amoebicidal in axenic cultures. The aim of this work was to determine whether the lactoferrin-peptides lactoferricin amino acids 17-30, lactoferrampin amino acids 265-284, and lactoferrin chimera which is a fusion product of the two peptides, are capable of producing a microbicidal effect to trophozoites of E. histolytica. We evaluated the killing effect of these peptides in growth kinetics carried out in...

Distinct demographic profiles between Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 05:00:00 +0100

(World Journal of Gastroenterology) A research team from United Kingdom conducted a large study on more than 2900 people who were hospitalized with severe Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) in Wales. They found CD and UC have distinct demographic profiles. The higher prevalence of hospitalized CD in more deprived areas may reflect higher prevalence and higher hospital dependency. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Crypt abscess-associated microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease and acute self-limited colitis.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Fri, 05 Feb 2010 04:10:44 +0100

CONCLUSION: These results do not support the hypothesis that crypt abscesses in IBD are the result of localized dysbiosis arising from persistence of living bacteria colonizing the crypts. PMID: 20128026 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

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The CD40-CD40L Pathway Contributes to the Proinflammatory Function of Intestinal Epithelial Cells in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

The American Journal of Pathology — Thu, 04 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Borcherding F, Nitschke M, Hundorfean G, Rupp J, von Smolinski D, Bieber K, van Kooten C, Lehnert H, Fellermann K, Büning J In inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) are involved in the outbalanced immune responses toward luminal antigens. However, the signals responsible for this proinflammatory capacity of IECs in IBD remain unclear. The CD40/CD40L interaction activates various pathways in immune and nonimmune cells related to inflammation and was shown to be critical for the development of IBD. Here we demonstrate CD40 expression within IECs during active IBD. Endoscopically obtained biopsies taken from Crohn's disease (n = 112) and ulcerative colitis patients (n = 67) consistently showed immunofluorescence staining for CD40 in IECs of in...

Increased expression and cellular localization of spermine oxidase in ulcerative colitis and relationship to disease activity

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Wed, 03 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Polyamines are important in cell growth and wound repair, but have also been implicated in inflammation-induced carcinogenesis. Polyamine metabolism includes back-conversion of spermine to spermidine by the enzyme spermine oxidase (SMO), which produces hydrogen peroxide that causes oxidative stress. In ulcerative colitis (UC), levels of spermine are decreased compared to spermidine. Therefore, we sought to determine if SMO is involved in UC.Colon biopsies and clinical information from subjects undergoing colonoscopy for evaluation of UC or colorectal cancer screening were utilized from 16 normal controls and 53 UC cases. Histopathologic disease severity was graded and the Mayo Disease Activity Index (DAI) and endoscopy subscore assessed. SMO mRNA expression was measured in frozen biopsies ...

Cochrane review: Rectal 5-aminosalicylic acid for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis

NeLM - Drug Specific Reviews — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Source: Cochrane Library Area: Evidence > Drug Specific Reviews Background 5-Aminosalicylates (5-ASA) are considered a first-line therapy for inducing and maintaining remission of mild to moderately active ulcerative colitis (UC). When inflammation in UC is limited to the distal colon, 5-ASA can also be administered rectally as a suppository, enema or foam. Objectives A systematic review was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of rectal 5-ASA for treating active distal UC. Search strategy Electronic searches of the MEDLINE database (1966-2008), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and the Cochrane IBD/FBD Group Specialized Trials Register were supplemented by manual reviews of reference listings and conference proceedings. Selection criter...

Final adult height of children with inflammatory bowel disease is predicted by parental height and patient minimum height Z-score

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study was designed to elucidate the contribution of parental height to the stature of children with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), who often exhibit growth impairment. Accordingly, we compared patients' final adult heights and target heights based on measured parental heights and examined predictors of final adult height in pediatric IBD patients.We prospectively analyzed the growth of 295 patients diagnosed between ages 1 and 18 (211 Crohn's disease [CD], 84 ulcerative colitis [UC]) and their family members (283 mothers, 231 fathers, 55 siblings).Twenty-two percent had growth impairment (height for age Z-score (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)

New proteomic approaches for biomarker discovery in inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

There is an increasing interest in the discovery of new inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) biomarkers able to predict the future patterns of disease and to help in diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis. A biomarker is a substance that can be measured biologically and is associated with an increased risk of the disease. Biomarkers can be a genetic testing factor or proteins in biological samples such as serum, plasma, and cellular subpopulations. All of them should be studied to find out their utility in the management of IBD. Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are relapsing and remitting chronic IBDs characterized by a global immune defect. The gold standard of their diagnosis is histological evaluation performed during endoscopic procedures. Several studies have focused on the identificat...

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Probiotics for Maintaining Remission of Ulcerative Colitis in Adults (March).

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Studies evaluating probiotics for maintaining remission of UC are limited by trial design and use of different probiotics with variable bacterial contents. Thus, questions remain regarding optimal probiotic, dosing, specific patient populations, and placement in therapy. To answer these questions, large, randomized, controlled trials need to be conducted before probiotics can be routinely recommended for maintaining remission of UC. PMID: 20124461 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The Annals of Pharmacotherapy)

Correction: probiotics for ulcerative colitis.

Annals of Internal Medicine — Tue, 02 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: PMID: 20124250 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of Internal Medicine)

Adenocarcinoma and GIST in ulcerative colitis

International Journal of Colorectal Disease — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 18:02:25 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorDOI 10.1007/s00384-010-0905-xAuthors Cesare Ruffolo, Regional Hospital Cà Foncello IV Unit of Surgery Piazza Ospedale, 1 Treviso 31100 ItalyMarco Massani, Regional Hospital Cà Foncello IV Unit of Surgery Piazza Ospedale, 1 Treviso 31100 ItalySabrina Rossi, Regional Hospital Cà Foncello Anatomia Patologica Treviso ItalyEzio Caratozzolo, Regional Hospital Cà Foncello IV Unit of Surgery Piazza Ospedale, 1 Treviso 31100 ItalyMichele Antoniutti, Regional Hospital Cà Foncello IV Unit of Surgery Piazza Ospedale, 1 Treviso 31100 ItalyNicolò Bassi, Regional Hospital Cà Foncello IV Unit of Surgery Piazza Ospedale, 1 Treviso 31100 Italy Journal International Journal of Colorectal DiseaseOnline ISSN 1432-1262Print ISSN 0179-195...

Assessment of DNA methylation at the interferon regulatory factor 5 (IRF5) promoter region in inflammatory bowel diseases

International Journal of Colorectal Disease — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 18:02:24 +0100

Conclusions These results implicate that epigenetic dysregulation of the IRF5 promoter is unlikely to be associated with IBD. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00384-010-0874-0Authors Alfred Balasa, Baylor College of Medicine Section of Pediatric Gastroenterology Houston TX USAGrace Gathungu, Yale University Section of Digestive Disease, Department of Internal Medicine New Haven CT USAPeter Kisfali, University of Pecs Department of Medical Genetics Pecs HungaryE O’Brian Smith, USDA Children’s Nutrition Research Center Houston TX USAJudy H. Cho, Yale University Section of Digestive Disease, Department of Internal Medicine New Haven CT USABela Melegh, University of Pecs Department of Medical Genetics Pecs HungaryRichard Kellermayer, Bay...

Dietary supplementation of resveratrol attenuates chronic colonic inflammation in mice.

European Journal of Pharmacology — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Sánchez-Fidalgo S, Cárdeno A, Villegas I, Talero E, la Lastra CA Ulcerative colitis is a nonspecific inflammatory disorder characterized by oxidative and nitrosative stress, leucocyte infiltration and upregulation of inflammatory mediators. Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound found in grapes and wine, with multiple pharmacological actions, mainly anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumour and immunomodulatory activities. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of dietary resveratrol on chronic dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis. Six-week-old mice were randomized into two dietary groups: one standard diet and other enriched with resveratrol at 20mg/Kg of diet. After 30days, mice were exposed to 3% DSS for 5days developing acute colitis that pr...

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Coeliac disease and bowel disease: Business association or casual meeting?

Digestive and Liver Disease — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Coeliac disease (CD) is a permanent intolerance to ingested gluten in genetically predisposed individuals presenting HLA DQ2 or DQ8 haplotype, with a prevalence of 1 to 100–200 individuals. The pathophysiological grounds of CD are thought to be of autoimmune origin, and there is ample evidence showing a strong relationship with other autoimmune disorders such as diabetes mellitus type 1, autoimmune thyroiditis and other conditions . Moreover, in recent years case reports and case series have suggested the possibility of an association between CD and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) . In this issue of Digestive and Liver Disease Casella et al. assessed the prevalence of CD in a large series of Italian patients with IBD, and found a low (0.5%) result, lower than in the general population...

Med Sci Monit 2010; 16(2):PI1-6 "Early onset steroid-dependent ulcerative colitis is a predictor of Azathioprine response: A longitudinal 12-month follow-up study"

Medical Science Monitor — Fri, 29 Jan 2010 15:18:38 +0100

Conclusions: AZA demonstrated sustained efficacy for maintenance of clinical remission without steroids and steroid sparing through 12 months of therapy in steroid-dependent UC. Patients with early onset UC are those who most probably will achieve sustained steroid-free remission while on AZA. (Source: Medical Science Monitor)

Cytomegalovirus Infection in Patients with Active Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Digestive Diseases and Sciences — Fri, 29 Jan 2010 12:19:36 +0100

Conclusions The prevalence of CMV with active UC was 10%. Although CMV infection may be a marker of disease severity, our results suggest it does not cause severe morbidity or mortality in a general population of patients with a UC flare. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10620-010-1126-4Authors John J. Kim, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Department of Medicine Los Angeles CA USANicole Simpson, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Department of Medicine Los Angeles CA USANancy Klipfel, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Department of Pathology Los Angeles CA USARenee DeBose, Keck School of Medicine University of Southern California Department of Medicine Los Angeles C...

Detection of epithelial apoptosis in pelvic ileal pouches for ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis

Journal of Translational Medicine — Fri, 29 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Patients with FAP present lower levels of pro-apoptotic proteins in all methods applied, even in the absence of clinical and endoscopic pouchitis and dysplasia in the histological analysis. These findings may explain a tendency of up-regulation of apoptosis in UC patients, resulting in higher rates of progression to pouchitis in these patients, which could correlate with mucosal atrophy that occurs in inflamed tissue. However, FAP patients had low pro-apoptotic activity in the mucosa, and it could explain the tendency to low cell turn over and presence of adenomas in this syndrome. (Source: Journal of Translational Medicine)

DNA damage and toxicogenomic analyses of hydrogen sulfide in human intestinal epithelial FHs 74 Int cells

Environmental and Molecular Mutagenesis — Fri, 29 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study defined the early (30 min) and late (4 hr) response of nontransformed human intestinal epithelial cells (FHs 74 Int) to H2S. The genotoxicity of H2S was measured using the single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay. Changes in gene expression were analyzed after exposure to a genotoxic, but not cytotoxic, concentration of H2S (500 [mu]M H2S) using pathway-specific quantitative RT-PCR gene arrays. H2S was genotoxic in a concentration range from 250 to 2,000 [mu]M, which is similar to concentrations found in the large intestine. Significant changes in gene expression were predominantly observed at 4 hr, with the greatest responses by PTGS2 (COX-2; 7.92-fold upregulated) and WNT2 (7.08-fold downregulated). COX-2 was the only gene upregulated at both 30 min and 4 hr. Overall, the...

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Do Patients with Ulcerative Colitis Diagnosed at a Young Age Have More Severe Disease Activity than Patients Diagnosed when Older?

Digestion — Thu, 28 Jan 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Digestion 2010;81:237243 (DOI:10.1159/000253850) (Source: Digestion)

Preoperative infliximab treatment and postoperative complications after laparoscopic restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch–anal anastomosis: a case-matched study

Surgical Endoscopy — Thu, 28 Jan 2010 07:01:14 +0100

Conclusion The study findings showed no adverse impact from previous infliximab therapy on the laparoscopic IPAA postoperative course. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00464-009-0861-0Authors Benjamin Coquet-Reinier, Hôpital Nord Department of Digestive Diseases Surgery Chemin des Bourrellys 13915 Marseille Cedex 20 FranceStéphane V. Berdah, Hôpital Nord Department of Digestive Diseases Surgery Chemin des Bourrellys 13915 Marseille Cedex 20 FranceJean-Charles Grimaud, Hôpital Nord Department of Digestive Diseases Surgery Chemin des Bourrellys 13915 Marseille Cedex 20 FranceDavid Birnbaum, Hôpital Nord Department of Digestive Diseases Surgery Chemin des Bourrellys 13915 Marseille Cedex 20 FrancePierre-Alain Cougard, Hôpital Nord Department of Digestive Dise...

Lymphoid tyrosine phosphatase R620W variant and inflammatory bowel disease in Tunisia.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Thu, 28 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: These observations confirm the association of IBD susceptibility with the PTPN22 1858T (620-W) allele in Tunisian patients. PMID: 20101775 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

Hospitalized prevalence and 5-year mortality for IBD: record linkage study.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Thu, 28 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: CD and UC have distinct demographic profiles. The higher prevalence of hospitalized CD in more deprived areas may reflect higher prevalence and higher hospital dependency. PMID: 20101767 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

Confirmation of an association between rs6822844 at the Il2-Il21 region and multiple autoimmune diseases: Evidence of a general susceptibility locus

Arthritis and Rheumatism — Thu, 28 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study was undertaken to attempt to replicate the association between rs6822844 and 6 different immune-mediated diseases in non-European populations, and to perform disease-specific and overall meta-analyses using data from previously published studies.We evaluated case-control associations between rs6822844 and celiac disease (CD) in subjects from Argentina; rheumatoid arthritis (RA), type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM), primary Sjögren's syndrome (SS), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in subjects from Colombia; and Behçet's disease (BD) in subjects from Turkey. Allele and gene distributions were compared between cases and controls. Meta-analyses were performed using data from the present study and previous studies.We detected significant associations of rs6822844 with SLE (P = 0.00...

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Isotretinoin: Ulcerative colitis: case report

Reactions — Wed, 27 Jan 2010 14:05:47 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

A Maximum Likelihood Estimator of a Markov Model for Disease Activity in Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis for Annually Aggregated Partial Observations

Medical Decision Making — Tue, 26 Jan 2010 18:36:33 +0100

Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are chronic inflammatory bowel diseases that have a remitting, relapsing nature. During relapse, they are treated with drugs and surgery. The present study was based on individual data from patients diagnosed with CD or UC at Herlev University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark, during 1991 to 1993. The data were aggregated over calendar years; for each year, the number of relapses and the number of surgical operations were recorded. Our aim was to estimate Markov models for disease activity in CD and UC, in terms of relapse and remission, with a cycle length of 1 month. The purpose of these models was to enable evaluation of interventions that would shorten relapses or postpone future relapses. An exact maximum likelihood estimator was dev...

Rectal 5-aminosalicylic acid for induction of remission in ulcerative colitis

Tue, 26 Jan 2010 13:39:32 +0100

Background 5-Aminosalicylates (5-ASA) are considered a first-line therapy for inducing and maintaining remission of mild to moderately active ulcerative colitis (UC). When inflammation in UC is limited to the distal colon, 5-ASA can also be administered rectally as a suppository, enema or foam. Objectives A systematic review was undertaken to evaluate the efficacy of rectal 5-ASA for treating active distal UC. Search strategy Electronic searches of the MEDLINE database (1966-2008), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and the Cochrane IBD/FBD Group Specialized Trials Register were supplemented by manual reviews of reference listings and conference proceedings. Selection criteria Randomized trials comparing rectal 5-ASA to placebo or another active therapy were eligible for in...

Outcomes of Laparoscopic and Open Total Colectomy in the Pediatric Population

Journal of Surgical Research — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 16:42:02 +0100

Conclusions: This series demonstrates that laparopscopic colectomy yields similar outcomes as the traditional open method, both in type and severity of complications. Interestingly, patients who had an ileal pouch created through the laparoscopic approach have had less occurrences of pouchitis. Continued follow-up and further study in the laparoscopic group is likely indicated. (Source: Journal of Surgical Research)

TNF-α and Bradykinin Activate Synergistic MMP-10 Expression via PKC/PKD in Colonic Myofibroblasts

Journal of Surgical Research — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 16:41:32 +0100

Conclusions: In response to the pro-inflammatory mediators TNF-α and BK, 18Co cells demonstrated augmented PKD activation and synergistic MMP-10 production, an effect that was inhibited by Ro31-8220, GF109203X, and U0126. In colonic MFB, synergistic MMP-10 production appears to involve the PKC/PKD axis and the p42/44 MAPK pathway. In the setting of inflammation, colonic myofibroblasts may promote an inflammatory microenvironment that supports tumor growth. PKD may play an important role in regulating myofibroblast function in the setting of inflammation. (Source: Journal of Surgical Research)

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Matrix Metalloproteinase-10 Is Protective in Murine Colitis

Journal of Surgical Research — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 16:39:48 +0100

Conclusion: MMP 10 is protective in a DSS-induced model of colitis. It is unclear if the failure of healing seen in DSS-treated MMP10 -/- mice is the result of a lack of a “stop” signal for inflammation, or a failure in cell replacement. The experiments using non-inflammatory injurious stimuli suggest that it may be a lack of a “stop signal.” The dysplasia seen in serially treated KO animals likely relates to persistent inflammation. We are currently investigating the use of a non-replicative adenoviral vector containing MMP-10 to quell inflammation and potentially prevent inflammation associated dysplasia. (Source: Journal of Surgical Research)

Are Obesity and Restorative Proctocolectomy Mutually Exclusive?

Journal of Surgical Research — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 16:39:42 +0100

Introduction: Restorative proctocolectomy (RPC) has been established as the gold standard for the surgical management of chronic ulcerative colitis. Due to the technical difficulties that can be encountered when operating on the obese, RPC has been used selectively in this group of patients. We have hypothesized that RPC can be performed safely and successfully in obese patients. Methods: A retrospective review of all patients undergoing surgery for chronic ulcerative colitis at our institution from 2000-2007 was performed. Obese patients were defined as those patients with body mass index (BMI) greater than or equal to 30kg/m2 (Group 1). Control patients were defined as having a BMI less 30kg/m2 (Group 2). Significant differences between continuous and categorical variables were identifie...

Outcomes after Completion Mucosectomy for Retained Rectal Mucosa Following Restorative Proctocolectomy and Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis

Journal of Surgical Research — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 16:39:41 +0100

Introduction: Restorative proctocolectomy (RPC) with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) has become the definitive curative operation for patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) requiring colectomy. Despite consensus on many technical aspects of this operation, controversy remains regarding the appropriate ileal pouch-anal anastomotic technique: hand-sewn vs. double stapled. Prior to the hand-sewn anastomosis, the anorectal mucosa is removed via transanal mucosectomy; in contrast, a cuff ranging from 2-6cm of retained rectal mucosa (RRM) remains in the anal transition zone (ATZ) following the double stapled technique. The RRM carries a lifelong risk of malignant transformation and is vulnerable to chronic inflammation (cuffitis) as seen in nearly 90% ...

Ulcerative colitis and aortitis syndrome

Pediatrics International — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Pediatrics International)

American Society of Colon & Rectal Surgeons Call for Entries: 2010 National Media Awards

ScanGrants feed — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

American Society of Colon & Rectal Surgeons Call for Entries: 2010 National Media Awards The American Society of Colon & Rectal Surgeons Honoring excellence in communicating a better understanding of colon and rectal disease. Three Categories: Print, Broadcast & Internet Winners will receive: --$1,000 Award --Personally engraved plaque -- Expense-paid trip to Minneapolis, MN, for the ASCRS Annual Meeting, May 15-19, 2010 Deadline for receipt of entries: March 1, 2010 The American Society of Colon and Rectal Surgeons (ASCRS) presents the National Media Awards to journalists who have excelled in communicating information about colon and rectal disease to the public. ASCRS is a 2,600-member association representing colon and rectal surgeons in the United States...

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Delayed surgery for acute severe colitis is associated with increased risk of postoperative complications

British Journal of Surgery — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study determined the long-term outcome after colectomy for acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) and assessed whether the duration of in-hospital medical therapy is related to postoperative outcome.All patients who underwent urgent colectomy and ileostomy for ASUC between 1994 and 2000 were identified from a prospective database. Patient details, preoperative therapy and complications to last follow-up were recorded.Eighty patients were identified, who were treated with intravenous steroids for a median of 6 (range 1-22) days before surgery. Twenty-three (29 per cent) also received intravenous ciclosporin. There were 23 complications in 22 patients in the initial postoperative period. Sixty-eight patients underwent further planned surgery, including restorative ileal pouch-anal anast...

Delayed surgery for acute severe colitis is associated with increased risk of postoperative complications.

The British Journal of Surgery — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION:: Delayed surgery for patients with ASUC who do not respond to medical therapy is associated with an increased risk of postoperative complications. Copyright (c) 2010 British Journal of Surgery Society Ltd. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. PMID: 20101648 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Surgery)

Combinational effect of low-dose oral corticosteroid and mizoribine for ulcerative colitis in a patient with systemic sclerosis

The Journal of Dermatology — Sun, 24 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

The combinational effect of oral corticosteroid and mizoribine for ulcerative colitis is presented in a patient with systemic sclerosis (SSc). A 64-year-old woman came to our clinic complaining of a 30-year history of Raynaud's phenomenon. She had past history of ulcerative colitis with the continued medication of mesalazine without success. She was presented with sclerodactyly and finger joint swelling. She also showed epigastric discomfort. Laboratory study showed positive anti-nuclear antibody and positive anti-centromere antibody. Histological examination showed mild perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrates in the whole dermis and increased deposition of collagen fibers in the middle and lower dermis. Chest X-ray film showed mild bibasilar pulmonary fibrosis. An upper gastrointestinal...

Restorative proctocolectomy does not protect UC patients against osteoporosis

MedWire News - Gastroenterology — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 14:22:39 +0100

Ulcerative colitis patients who undergo restorative proctocolectomy are as likely to develop osteoporosis and osteopenia over the age of 50 years as those who have not had the procedure, researchers have found. (Source: MedWire News - Gastroenterology)

Cytomegalovirus Infection in Patients Who Required Colectomy for Toxic Megacolon or Severe Steroid-Refractory Ulcerative Colitis

Digestive Diseases and Sciences — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 09:52:48 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory CorrespondenceDOI 10.1007/s10620-009-1109-5Authors J. Barahona-Garrido, Instituto de Enfermedades Digestivas y Nutricionales Avenida Reforma 7-62 zona 9, Edificio Aristos Reforma, Oficina 109 01009 Guatemala City GuatemalaB. Martínez-Benítez, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán Department of Pathology Mexico City MexicoE. Espinosa-Cárdenas, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán Department of Pathology Mexico City MexicoH. M. Sarti, Dermo.Patología Clinic Guatemala City GuatemalaJ. I. Gutiérrez-Manjarrez, Universidad de Guadalajara Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Guadalajara Jalisco MexicoR. Aguirre-Gutiérrez, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médic...

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NOD2, IL23R and ATG16L1 polymorphisms in Lithuanian patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Thu, 21 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: The results support a strong association between CD susceptibility and the Leu1007insC variant in NOD2 in the Lithuanian study population. PMID: 20082483 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

Simple score to identify colectomy risk in ulcerative colitis hospitalizations

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Thu, 21 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Patients hospitalized for ulcerative colitis (UC) are at high risk for colectomy. Despite growing interest in research using administrative data in inflammatory bowel disease, there is no available tool in such research to stratify disease severity or identify patients at high risk for colectomy.Using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) 2004, we identified patients hospitalized for UC flare through appropriate ICD-9-CM discharge diagnosis codes (556.x). Our primary outcome of interest was undergoing total colectomy (45.8). Multivariate logistic regression models were constructed to identify independent predictors of colectomy. From this, a cumulative risk score was developed. Hospitalizations were divided into 3 strata (low, intermediate, high) based on the odds of colectomy.There were a...

Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Crohn's Disease and Ulcerative Colitis

Videocast - All Events — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 19:58:00 +0100

The course includes presentation of patients, pathology, diagnosis and therapy in the context of major disease problems and current research. Primarily directed toward Ph.D. students, fellows, and staff, it is also of interest to medical students and clinicians. The course is designed to help bridge the gap between advances in biology and their application to major human diseases. Each session includes clinical and basic science components which are presented by NIH staff and outside invitees. For more information, visit http://www1.od.nih.gov/oir/DemystifyingMedAir date: 3/23/2010 4:00:00 PM (Source: Videocast - All Events)

Osteoporosis not prevented by ulcerative colitis surgery

MedWire News - Bone Health — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 15:04:50 +0100

Osteoporosis and osteopenia is as likely to develop in ulcerative colitis patients who undergo restorative proctocolectomy as in those who do not have the procedure, researchers have found. (Source: MedWire News - Bone Health)

The increased mucosal mRNA expressions of complement C3 and interleukin-17 in inflammatory bowel disease

Clinical and Experimental Immunology — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Recent studies have demonstrated that the complement system participates in the regulation of T cell functions. To address the local biosynthesis of complement components in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mucosa, we investigated C3 and interleukin (IL)-17 mRNA expression in mucosal samples obtained from patients with IBD. The molecular mechanisms underlying C3 induction were investigated in human colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts (SEMFs). IL-17 and C3 mRNA expressions in the IBD mucosa were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The C3 levels in the supernatant were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IL-17 and C3 mRNA expressions were elevated significantly in the active lesions from ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) patients. There was a signif...

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Cochrane review: Methotrexate for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis

NeLM - Gastroenterology — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Source: Cochrane Library Area: Evidence > Drug Specific Reviews Background Methotrexate, a folate antagonist, is an immunosuppressant drug that is effective for treating several inflammatory disorders including Crohn's disease. Ulcerative colitis, a related chronic inflammatory bowel disease, can be challenging to treat. This review was performed to examine the efficacy of methotrexate for maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis. Objectives To systematically review randomized controlled trials examining the efficacy and safety of methotrexate for maintenance of remission in patients with ulcerative colitis. Search strategy The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) and the Cochrane IBD/FBD Review Group Specialized Trials Register, MED...

The increased mucosal mRNA expressions of complement C3 and interleukin-17 in inflammatory bowel disease.

Clinical and Developmental Immunology — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Sugihara T, Kobori A, Imaeda H, Tsujikawa T, Amagase K, Takeuchi K, Fujiyama Y, Andoh A Summary Recent studies have demonstrated that the complement system participates in the regulation of T cell functions. To address the local biosynthesis of complement components in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) mucosa, we investigated C3 and interleukin (IL)-17 mRNA expression in mucosal samples obtained from patients with IBD. The molecular mechanisms underlying C3 induction were investigated in human colonic subepithelial myofibroblasts (SEMFs). IL-17 and C3 mRNA expressions in the IBD mucosa were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The C3 levels in the supernatant were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. IL-17 and C3 mRNA expressions were elevated significa...

Efficacy and Safety of Pulse Steroid Therapy in Japanese Pediatric Patients with Ulcerative Colitis: A Survey of the Japanese Society for Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Karger Publishers — Mon, 18 Jan 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Digestion 2010;81:188192 (DOI:10.1159/000255379) (Source: Karger Publishers)

Ulcerative Colitis with Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection Successfully Treated with Bifidobacterium

Karger Publishers — Mon, 18 Jan 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Digestion 2010;81:204205 (DOI:10.1159/000236042) (Source: Karger Publishers)

Ulcerative Colitis with Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection Successfully Treated with Bifidobacterium

Digestion — Mon, 18 Jan 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Digestion 2010;81:204205 (DOI:10.1159/000236042) (Source: Digestion)

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Predictors of ulcerative colitis severity

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Mon, 18 Jan 2010 05:00:00 +0100

(World Journal of Gastroenterology) A research team from Canada examined the ulcerative colitis (UC) population of Southwestern Ontario (SWO), Canada in an effort to gather information on the natural history of the disease and determine predictors of future disease severity at the time of diagnosis. They found that UC severity is associated with younger age at diagnosis and year of diagnosis in a longitudinal cohort of UC patients, and may identify prognostic UC indicators. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

[Pyoderma gangrenosum treated successfully with visilizumab in patients with ulcerative colitis.]

Orvosi Hetilap — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 18:16:19 +0100

Conclusion: In this severe pyoderma case, visilizumab also treated the skin disease. Although the colitis later worsened, the pyoderma gangrenosum has not recurred to date in this steroid-dependent patient. Pyoderma gangrenosum may be a T cell-mediated disease. The fact that biological therapy proved dramatically effective in this patient may suggest the use of these agents as first line of therapy in such cases. PMID: 20071320 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Orvosi Hetilap)

2D Protein Maps Of Mucosal Biopsies In Patients With Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis

Health News from Medical News Today — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 12:00:00 +0100

Total proctocolectomy with ileal J-pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the surgical treatment of choice for patients with refractory ulcerative colitis (UC). Although the surgery generally cures UC allowing a significant improvement of health-related quality of life, complications can occur after IPAA. The most common complication of this surgery is pouchitis, a non-specific inflammatory condition at the ileal pouch reservoir occurring in up to 50% of patients, with about 10% of these patients becoming chronic sufferers... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

2D Protein Maps Of Mucosal Biopsies In Patients With Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis

Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 12:00:00 +0100

Population-based cases control study of inflammatory bowel disease risk factors

Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology — Thu, 14 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The importance of childhood factors in the development of IBD is confirmed. The duration-response protective association between breast-feeding and subsequent development of IBD requires further evaluation, as does the protective effect associated with a childhood vegetable garden. (Source: Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology)

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Higher Dose Mesalamine Induction May Be Better for Refractory Ulcerative Colitis

Medscape Medical News Headlines — Wed, 13 Jan 2010 20:59:49 +0100

In patients with moderately active ulcerative colitis, induction therapy with a 4.8 g/day mesalamine regimen is noninferior to induction with a 2.4 g/day regimen, and in fact, the higher dose may be more effective in difficult-to-treat patients, according to results of the randomized ASCEND III trial. Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Medical News Headlines)

Predictors of disease severity in ulcerative colitis patients from Southwestern Ontario.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Wed, 13 Jan 2010 18:44:27 +0100

CONCLUSION: UC severity is associated with younger age at diagnosis and year of diagnosis in a longitudinal cohort of UC patients, and may identify prognostic UC indicators. PMID: 20066743 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

Mannose-binding lectin level and deficiency is not associated with inflammatory bowel diseases, disease phenotype, serology profile, and NOD2/CARD15 genotype in a large Hungarian cohort.

Human Immunology — Wed, 13 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Pappa M, Lakatos PL, Harsfalvi J, Farkas GY, Palatka K, Udvardy M, Molnar T, Farkas K, Nagy F, Veres G, Lakatos L, Kovacs A, Dinya T, Kocsis A, Papp J, , Altorjay I Mannose-binding lectin(MBL) is a major, soluble, pattern-recognition molecule and important component of the innate host defense. The role of MBL in inflammatory bowel diseases(IBDs) is controversial. We determined the prevalence of MBL deficiency in a Hungarian IBD patients' cohort, and whether it is associated with the anti-microbial antibody formation or particular clinical manifestations. 990 IBD patients and 225 healthy subjects were investigated. Sera were assayed for MBL and a panel of anti-microbial antibodies (anti-OMP, ASCA and anti-glycans) by ELISA. TLR4 and NOD2/CARD15 variants were tested by PCR-RFLP....

What Determines the Later Clinical Course of Patients Who Do Not Undergo Colectomy at the First Attack? A Japanese Cohort Study on Ulcerative Colitis

Digestion — Tue, 12 Jan 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Digestion 2010;81:104112 (DOI:10.1159/000229773) (Source: Digestion)