MedWorm: Ulcerative Colitis

[Comment] Immunosuppression-associated lymphoma in IBD

LANCET — Fri, 06 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

This study is highly relevant: in our experience 30–50% of patients with inflammatory bowel disease are treated with such drugs at some point in the course of their disease The threshold to use thiopurines depends on various factors. The European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation recommends thiopurines for: severe small bowel, ileocaecal, or colonic Crohn's disease if patients have a relapse after or during corticosteroid treatment, in cases of corticosteroid dependency, in the prevention of postoperative recurrence in Crohn's disease, in moderate to severe ulcerative colitis that requires multiple courses of corticosteroids, or in cases of corticodependent or refractory ulcerative colitis. A Cochrane review of the efficacy of thiopurines for inducing remission in active Crohn's disease s...

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Researchers Discover Mutations in Two Genes that Cause Early-Onset Inflammatory Bowel Disease

MedlinePlus Health News — Thu, 05 Nov 2009 18:39:41 +0100

Source: National Center for Biotechnology Information, National Library of Medicine Related MedlinePlus Topic: Ulcerative Colitis (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

Dislocation of Rab13 and vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein in inactive colon epithelium in patients with Crohn's disease.

International Journal of Molecular Medicine — Thu, 05 Nov 2009 12:42:20 +0100

Authors: Ohira M, Oshitani N, Hosomi S, Watanabe K, Yamagami H, Tominaga K, Watanabe T, Fujiwara Y, Maeda K, Hirakawa K, Arakawa T Crohn's disease is associated with increased permeability of the intestine even in quiescent patients. Increased intestinal permeability may cause dysregulated immunological responses in the intestinal mucosa that leads to chronic intestinal inflammation. Tight junction proteins contribute to intestinal permeability, and functional abnormality and dislocation of such proteins may cause increased intestinal permeability. We studied the expression of tight junction proteins Rab13, vasodilator-stimulated phosphoprotein (VASP), zonula occludin-1 (ZO-1), and F-actin in the intestinal epithelium of patients with inactive inflammatory bowel disease. Surgical sampl...

Effect of compound Sophorae Flavescentis Jiechangrong capsule on expression of NF-κB p65 and STAT6 in the intestinal mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis

Frontiers of Medicine in China — Thu, 05 Nov 2009 07:45:21 +0100

Abstract The effects of compound Sophorae Flavescentis Jiechangrong capsule (CSFJC) on the expression of nuclear factor-κB p65 (NF-κB p65) and signal transducer and activator of transcription 6 (STAT6) in the intestinal mucosa of patients with ulcerative colitis and the possible mechanism were investigated. Eighteen patients with ulcerative colitis were randomly divided into a traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) group (n = 11) treated by CSFJC and a western medicine (WM) group (n = 7) treated by Sulfasalazine tablets. The treatment duration lasted eight weeks. Before and after the treatment, the symptoms and the physical signs were observed, and the routine stool test, the colonoscopy, and pathological examination were performed in the two groups. The expression levels of ...

Gene Discovery Gives Clues to Crohn's Disease, Colitis

MedlinePlus Health News — Wed, 04 Nov 2009 22:00:00 +0100

Mutation is tied to a protein implicated in rare form of bowel disorder, researchers say Source: HealthDay Related MedlinePlus Topics: Crohn's Disease, Genes and Gene Therapy, Ulcerative Colitis (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

Diagnostic and Treatment Algorithms of Ulcerative Colitis in Ukraine

Digestive Diseases — Tue, 03 Nov 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Dig Dis 2009;27:550-554 (DOI:10.1159/000233296) (Source: Digestive Diseases)

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Medical Management of Ulcerative Colitis

Digestive Diseases — Tue, 03 Nov 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Dig Dis 2009;27:542-549 (DOI:10.1159/000233295) (Source: Digestive Diseases)

Once-Daily Mesalamine as Effective as Twice-Daily Treatment for Maintenance of Remission in UC

Medscape Internal Medicine Headlines — Tue, 03 Nov 2009 15:14:38 +0100

Patients with ulcerative colitis are more compliant with once-daily delayed-release mesalamine without a loss of efficacy in maintaining remission over the standard twice-daily regimen. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Internal Medicine Headlines)

Superfood Profile: Discover the Many Health Benefits of Chlorella

NaturalNews.com — Tue, 03 Nov 2009 07:00:00 +0100

(NaturalNews) With the quality of commercially-grown produce declining rapidly, obtaining nutritious fruits and vegetables is not an easy task. Few of us eat enough fruits and vegetables on a daily basis; it's a fact that grows more true with each generation. So how do we answer these issues, knowing the bounty of nutrients we're missing? One solution is chlorella, a green single-cell algae that packs a huge nutritious punch.Chlorella is an astounding package of complete nutrition, considering it is such a simple life form, which is probably why it is often referred to as nature's multivitamin. The synergistic nature of chlorella's nutrients is undeniable. All of its natural properties function together in a way individual supplements can't touch. Chlorella is famous for providing a vast a...

Exogenous alkaline phosphatase for the treatment of patients with moderate to severe ulcerative colitis

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Tue, 03 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Increased activity of intestinal alkaline phosphatase (AP) occurs locally in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), aimed at repairing inflammatory tissue damage. We evaluated the safety and preliminary efficacy of exogenous AP administered to patients with UC in an open-label, first-in-patient exploratory trial, conducted in the Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology hospital departments in the Czech Republic and Italy.Twenty-one patients were enrolled (13 females), age 23-54 years, with steroid- and/or immunosuppressant-refractory, moderate/severe UC (Mayo score 6-11). Oral AP enzyme 30,000 U was administered daily for 7 days, intraduodenally. Efficacy outcomes were changes in Mayo score at Day 21 posttreatment; changes in Modified Truelove-Witts Severity index (MTWSI) at Days 21, 63; C-...

Pouchitis disease activity index (PDAI) does not predict patients with symptoms of pouchitis who will respond to antibiotics

Surgery Today — Mon, 02 Nov 2009 17:57:18 +0100

Conclusion Antibiotic treatment was effective in a considerable number of ulcerative colitis patients whose PDAI score was less than 7 after IPAA. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00595-009-3988-7Authors Mohei Kohyama, Hiroshima General Hospital Department of Surgery 1-3-3 Jigozen, Hatsukaichi Hiroshima 738-8503 JapanYoshio Takesue, Hyogo College of Medicine Department of Infection Control and Prevention Nishinomiya, Hyogo JapanHiroki Ohge, Hiroshima University Department of Surgery, Division of Clinical Medical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Hiroshima JapanYoshiaki Murakami, Hiroshima University Department of Surgery, Division of Clinical Medical Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences Hiroshima JapanFumio Shim...

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Adalimumab Initially Effective in Infliximab-Resistant Ulcerative Colitis, But Effects Are Not Durable

Medscape Internal Medicine Headlines — Mon, 02 Nov 2009 13:45:19 +0100

Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Internal Medicine Headlines)

Colonoscopy Key for People with IBD

About.com Colon Cancer — Mon, 02 Nov 2009 13:25:40 +0100

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) refers to a group of conditions that cause pain and damage in the gastrointestinal tract. Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis are the two most common inflammatory bowel diseases. Symptoms of these conditions include abdominal pain, weight loss, fever, rectal bleeding, blood in the stools, diarrhea, and skin and eye irritation. One of the most important things to know about IBD is that having it can significantly increase your risk of developing colon cancer. It's a scary thought, and it seems completely unfair that in addition to the pain and suffering that can come with IBD itself, comes a higher risk of a potentially life-threatening cancer. Fortunately, there something you can do to greatly increase the odds that if you do develop colon cancer, you wi...

Factors associated with radiation exposure in patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Mon, 02 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Diagnosis of CD, IBD-related surgery, prednisone use, first year of diagnosis and age on the upper quartile are independent predictors of increased exposure in IBD patients. Alternative investigations which do not require radiation exposure should be considered for patients at risk for increased radiation exposure. (Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

Conference report: Possible link between thiopurines and skin cancer in IBD?

NeLM - Oncology — Mon, 02 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Source: ScienceDaily Area: News According to the findings of a retrospective cohort study presented at the American College of Gastroenterology's 74th Annual Scientific meeting, patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may be at risk of developing non-melanoma skin cancer (NMSC), especially if they are receiving treatment with a thiopurine. Researchers examined the records of 26,403 patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and 26,974 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), to investigate whether IBD could be associated with a higher risk of NMSC, and whether this risk increased in association with immunosuppressants and biological medications. Each patient was matched (according to age, gender, and region) with three randomly selected controls who did not have IBD.&n...

Safety of immunomodulators and biologics for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease during pregnancy and breast-feeding

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Mon, 02 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

The aim of this article is to critically review available data regarding the safety of immunomodulators and biological therapies during pregnancy and breast-feeding in women with inflammatory bowel disease. Methotrexate and thalidomide can cause congenital anomalies and are contraindicated during pregnancy (and breast-feeding). Although thiopurines have a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) rating D, available data suggest that these drugs are safe and well tolerated during pregnancy. Although traditionally women receiving azathioprine or mercaptopurine have been discouraged from breast-feeding because of theoretical potential risks, it seems that these drugs may be safe in this scenario. Treatment with cyclosporine for steroid-refractory ulcerative colitis (UC) during pregnancy can be cons...

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Prevalence of hepatitis B and C and risk factors for nonvaccination in inflammatory bowel disease patients in Northeast France

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Mon, 02 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Data regarding the prevalence of hepatitis C (HCV) and hepatitis B (HBV) in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are conflicting.In all, 315 IBD (252 Crohn's disease [CD] and 63 ulcerative colitis [UC]) patients were consecutively recruited between June 2005 and May 2009.The median age was 33 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 24-43) and median disease duration was 5 years (IQR: 2-11). Present and/or past HBV and HCV infection was found in 2.86% of 315 patients (CD: HBsAg 0.79%, anti-HBc 2.78%, anti-HCV 0.79%; UC: HBsAg 1.59%, anti-HBc 1.59%, anti-HCV 1.59%). Effective vaccination (anti-HBs without anti-HBc) was present in 48.9% of 315 patients. In multivariate analysis, age at diagnosis over 31 years (odds ratio [OR] 0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.15-0.58; P = 0.005), disease du...

Crohn's Disease

Springer Medicine titles — Sat, 31 Oct 2009 00:03:31 +0100

A Multidisciplinary Approach series: Updates in Surgery Crohn's disease is an inflammatory bowel disease, whose symptoms are similar to other intestinal disorders, such as irritable bowel syndrome and ulcerative colitis; it can therefore be difficult to diagnose. Its knowledge and understanding have increased considerably in the last years; new advances in genetics, medical and surgical management offer today new possibilities for ... (Source: Springer Medicine titles)

Pyoderma gangrenosum complicating an implantable cardioverter defibrillator wound in a patient with ulcerative colitis

Europace — Fri, 30 Oct 2009 08:49:33 +0100

(Source: Europace)

Regulation of inflammatory responses by gut microbiota and chemoattractant receptor GPR43

Nature — Thu, 29 Oct 2009 15:14:33 +0100

Authors: Kendle M. Maslowski, Angelica T. Vieira, Aylwin Ng, Jan Kranich, Frederic Sierro, Di Yu, Heidi C. Schilter, Michael S. Rolph, Fabienne Mackay, David Artis, Ramnik J. Xavier, Mauro M. Teixeira & Charles R. Mackay The immune system responds to pathogens by a variety of pattern recognition molecules such as the Toll-like receptors (TLRs), which promote recognition of dangerous foreign pathogens. However, recent evidence indicates that normal intestinal microbiota might also positively influence immune responses, and protect against the development of inflammatory diseases. One of these elements may be short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), which are produced by fermentation of dietary fibre by intestinal microbiota. A feature of human ulcerative colitis and other colitic diseases is a ...

Inflammatory bowel disease (ulcerative colitis) presenting as a risk factor for recurrent thromboembolic events: a case report

BioMed Central — Thu, 29 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Ulcerative colitis (UC), a member of the family of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), occurs worldwide. It has an incidence which in recent years has been rising in areas such as Southern Europe and Asia, while remaining relatively constant in Northern Europe and North America.Complications associated with UC include toxic dilatation, perforation, carcinoma and massive haemorrhage. Extra-intestinal complications also occur and these include Thromboemboli (TE).Thromboembolic disease has a greater incidence and recurrence rate among patients with IBD than the general population. (Source: BioMed Central)

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A role for Campylobacter jejuni-induced enteritis in inflammatory bowel disease?

Am J Physiol Gastroi... — Thu, 29 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Kalischuk LD, Buret AG The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, are T cell-mediated diseases that are characterized by chronic, relapsing inflammation of the intestinal tract. The pathogenesis of IBD involves the complex interaction between the intestinal microflora, host genetic and immune factors, and environmental stimuli. Epidemiological analyses have implicated acute bacterial enteritis as one of the factors that may incite or exacerbate IBD in susceptible individuals. In this review, we examine how interactions between the common enteric pathogen Campylobacter jejuni, the host intestinal epithelium, and resident intestinal microflora may contribute to the pathogenesis of IBD. Recent experimental evidence indicates that C. jejuni may ...

Study demonstrates effectiveness of once-daily dose of Asacol for ulcerative colitis

Drugs.com - Clinical Trials — Wed, 28 Oct 2009 20:40:52 +0100

Largest prospective controlled trial in UC meets primary endpoint of non-inferiority for maintaining remission in UC patients TORONTO, October 28, 2009 – Results from the largest prospective controlled ulcerative colitis (UC) trial conducted... (Source: Drugs.com - Clinical Trials)

Bowel Disease Treatment May Raise Skin Cancer Risk

MedlinePlus Health News — Mon, 26 Oct 2009 16:00:00 +0100

Rates of non-melanoma cancer higher in patients with Crohn's, ulcerative colitis, study finds Source: HealthDay Related MedlinePlus Topics: Crohn's Disease, Skin Cancer, Ulcerative Colitis (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

Surgery for low-grade colorectal dysplasia in ulcerative colitis: Decisions, decisions

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Thu, 22 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)

Soluble adhesion molecules in inflammatory bowel disease

Irish Journal of Medical Science — Thu, 22 Oct 2009 18:43:40 +0100

Conclusion sICAM-1 and sE-selecin are elevated in the serum of paients with IBD but CRP and microalbuminuria reflect clinical disease activity more accurately. This study does not support the routine use of soluble adhesion molecules as disease activity markers in IBD. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/BF03168821Authors M. G. Goggins, Trinity College and St James’s Hospital Departments of Clinical Medicine and Gastroenterology Dublin IrelandJ. Goh, Trinity College and St James’s Hospital Departments of Clinical Medicine and Gastroenterology Dublin IrelandM. A. O’Connell, Trinity College and St James’s Hospital Departments of Clinical Medicine and Gastroenterology Dublin IrelandD. G. Weir, Trinity College and St James’s Hospital D...

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Mechanisms of gastric emptying disturbances in chronic and acute inflammation of the distal gastrointestinal tract

AJP: Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology — Wed, 21 Oct 2009 21:20:56 +0100

It is unclear why patients with inflammation of the distal bowel complain of symptoms referable to the upper gastrointestinal tract, specifically to gastric emptying (GE) disturbances. Thus we aimed to determine occurrence and putative pathomechanisms of gastric motor disorders in such patients. Thirteen healthy subjects (CON), 13 patients with Crohn's disease (CD), 10 with ulcerative colitis (UC), and 7 with diverticulitis (DIV) underwent a standardized 13C-octanoic acid gastric emptying breath test. Plasma glucose, CCK, peptide YY, and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) were measured periodically and correlated with GE parameters. Results were given in means ± SD. Compared with CON, GE half time (T) was prolonged by 50% in CD (115 ± 55 vs. 182 ± 95 min, P = 0.037). Six ...

Cost-effectiveness of infliximab for the treatment of acute exacerbations of ulcerative colitis

The European Journal of Health Economics — Wed, 21 Oct 2009 09:06:10 +0100

Conclusion Infliximab induction regimen appears to be a cost-effective treatment option for UC patients hospitalised with an acute exacerbation. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s10198-009-0199-5Authors Yogesh Suresh Punekar, Schering-Plough Ltd Welwyn Garden City AL7 1TW UKNeil Hawkins, Oxford Outcomes Oxford UK Journal The European Journal of Health EconomicsOnline ISSN 1618-7601Print ISSN 1618-7598 (Source: The European Journal of Health Economics)

The value of histological changes and immunohistochemical markers Ki67 and p53 in the assessment of ulcerative colitis related dysplasia

Central European Journal of Medicine — Wed, 21 Oct 2009 08:59:44 +0100

Abstract The risk of carcinoma increases in patients with a 10-year or longer duration of ulcerative colitis (UC). To search for a more objective parameter to assess epithelial dysplasia. The study comprised 25 cases of longstanding UC: 7 cases with regenerative atypia, 7 with low grade dysplasia, 7 with high grade dysplasia, and 4 cases indefinite for dysplasia. The colonic biopsies obtained during endoscopy were stained with H&E to identify the aforementioned categories. Seventy-five sections from biopsy specimens were stained immunohistochemically to detect differences in the frequency and pattern of nuclei positive for the proliferation marker Ki67 and p53. In high grade dysplasia, the distribution of Ki67 positive cells was diffuse throughout the full length of the cr...

Surveillance for Dysplasia in Patients with Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis for Ulcerative Colitis: An Interim Analysis

Digestive Diseases and Sciences — Tue, 20 Oct 2009 16:26:28 +0100

Conclusion A study with longer follow-up after IPAA should precede any attempt to recommend routine surveillance. However, the finding of dysplasia early after surgery underscores the importance of early pouch surveillance in our population, at least until definite predisposing variables are identified. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10620-009-1006-yAuthors Jorge D. Meléndez Hernández, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine San Juan Puerto RicoCarlos Jiménez-Huyke, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine Department of Internal Medicine San Juan Puerto RicoKathia Rosado, University of Puerto Rico School of Medicine Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine San Juan Puerto RicoCarmen ...

Treatment For Inflammatory Bowel Disease Increases The Risk Of Infection-Related Cancers

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 20 Oct 2009 07:00:00 +0100

Patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis (collectively referred to as inflammatory bowel disease [IBD]) regularly receive treatment with thiopurine drugs to maintain remission. But an Article published Online First (http://www.thelancet. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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Colocolic intussusception in a patient with ulcerative colitis

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Mon, 19 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)

Med Sci Monit 2009; 15(11):CR563-572 "Elevated markers of thrombin generation and fibrinolysis in patients with active and quiescent ulcerative colitis"

Medical Science Monitor — Mon, 19 Oct 2009 11:44:00 +0100

Conclusions: A chronic low-grade activation of coagulation exists in ulcerative colitis, regardless of disease activity, and it might be implicated in disease pathogenesis. (Source: Medical Science Monitor)

Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): Treatment Increases The Risk Of Infection-Related Cancers

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 19 Oct 2009 07:00:00 +0100

Ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease is generally referred to as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients regularly receive treatment with thiopurine drugs to sustain remission. An article published Online First and in a future edition of The Lancet shows that this treatment increases the risk of malignant lymphoproliferative disorders (LD). (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

MR metabolomics of fecal extracts: applications in the study of bowel diseases.

Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry : MRC — Sun, 18 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Bezabeh T, Somorjai RL, Smith IC NMR-based metabolomics is becoming a useful tool in the study of body fluids and has a strong potential to contribute to disease diagnosis. While applications on urine and serum have been the focus to date, there are a number of other body fluids that are readily available and could potentially be used for metabolomics-based disease diagnosis. One such body fluid is stool or fecal extract. Given its contact with and transient stay in the colon and rectum, stool carries a lot of useful information regarding the health/disease status of both the colon and the rectum. This could be particularly useful for the non-invasive diagnosis of colorectal cancer and inflammatory bowel disease-the two bowel diseases that are very common and pose significant ...

IBD Treatment Could Boost Risk of Lymphomas (CME/CE)

MedPage Today Gastroenterology — Sun, 18 Oct 2009 22:30:00 +0100

Thiopurine drugs used to keep patients with Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis in remission may increase the risk of malignant lymphoproliferative disorders, researchers say. (Source: MedPage Today Gastroenterology)

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Bowel Disease Drugs Increase Cancer Risk

MedlinePlus Health News — Sun, 18 Oct 2009 22:28:04 +0100

Some treatments for inflammatory bowel disease increase the risk of infection-related cancers, French scientists said on Monday, but the benefits of the drugs still outweigh the risks. Source: Reuters Health Related MedlinePlus Topics: Crohn's Disease, Lymphoma, Ulcerative Colitis (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

Inflammatory bowel disease

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics — Sat, 17 Oct 2009 13:07:42 +0100

This article reviews clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic modalities for the 2 main types of inflammatory bowel disease and discusses manifestations of these conditions in the oral cavity. The role of the oral health care provider in timely recognition and referral for medical work-up as well as management of oral complaints is also emphasized. (Source: Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics)

Biomedical Research Centre Searches For Immunological Biomarkers

Health News from Medical News Today — Sat, 17 Oct 2009 08:00:00 +0100

Persistent inflammation and the activation of the immune system is the key pathological mechanism affecting many long-term conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, ulcerative colitis, and Crohn's disease and is the predominant mechanism underlying organ transplant rejection. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Two indices accurately, noninvasively assess UC disease activity

MedWire News - Gastroenterology — Fri, 16 Oct 2009 13:13:33 +0100

Researchers have identified two clinical indices that they say are “valid, reliable and responsive” ways to noninvasively assess disease activity in ulcerative colitis patients. (Source: MedWire News - Gastroenterology)

Safety and Efficacy of Total-Dose Infusion of Low Molecular Weight Iron Dextran for Iron Deficiency Anemia in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Digestive Diseases and Sciences — Fri, 16 Oct 2009 09:35:19 +0100

Conclusion Total parenteral iron replacement with LMW iron dextran is an easy, safe, and effective alternative method for treating iron deficiency anemia in IBD. Harmless adverse reactions may develop in a minority of patients. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10620-009-1022-yAuthors Ioannis E. Koutroubakis, University Hospital Heraklion Department of Gastroenterology P.O. Box 1352 71110 Heraklion, Crete GreecePantelis Oustamanolakis, University Hospital Heraklion Department of Gastroenterology P.O. Box 1352 71110 Heraklion, Crete GreeceChristos Karakoidas, Evangelismos Hospital Athens 1st Department of Gastroenterology Athens GreeceGerassimos J. Mantzaris, Evangelismos Hospital Athens 1st Department of Gastroenterology Athens GreeceEli...

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TL1A produced by lamina propria macrophages induces Th1 and Th17 immune responses in cooperation with IL-23 in patients with Crohn's disease

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Thu, 15 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-like protein 1A (TL1A) is a member of the TNF superfamily and contributes to the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD) by stimulating T-helper (Th) 1 cells. In addition to Th1, recent studies have focused on the role of Th17 cells in the pathogenesis of CD. Here we tried to clarify the role of TL1A in Th1 and Th17 immunity in CD.TL1A expression was assessed by quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in lamina propria (LP) macrophages (LP-M[phis]s) from normal controls (NC) and patients with CD or ulcerative colitis (UC). Purified LP CD4+ T cells were stimulated with TL1A and/or IL-23 and interferon gamma (IFN-[gamma]) and interleukin (IL)-17 levels were analyzed. We also examined the effect of TL1A on naïve CD4+ T-cell differentiati...

Clustering and commonalities among autoimmune diseases.

Journal of Autoimmunity — Thu, 15 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mackay IR The concept that autoimmune diseases are characterized by shared (common) threads is well illustrated by their propensity to co-associate in a patient or direct relatives, as coexistences or overlaps. Recognized are two major autoimmune clusters, "thyrogastric" (mostly organ-specific) and "lupus-associated" (mostly multisystem). Additionally, some autoimmune diseases distribute within either cluster and a few appear not to associate. Also, within each cluster there are overlaps constituting virtually a distinct syndrome. These patterns of coexistence/overlaps depend predominantly on genetic determinants as judged by data accruing from numerous highly powered genome-wide association studies. Gene polymorphisms thus revealed include those that may determine tissue targ...

Modelling dysplasia detection in ulcerative colitis: clinical implications of surveillance intensity

Gut — Thu, 15 Oct 2009 22:22:00 +0100

Conclusions: Random biopsy surveillance is sufficiently sensitive to detect large dysplastic fields with significant colorectal cancer risk. Enhanced endoscopy can detect much smaller dysplastic fields, but these have unknown (perhaps much lower) colorectal cancer risk. Small dysplastic fields should not be assumed to indicate a high colorectal cancer risk that warrants colectomy. Prospective studies are needed to define the colorectal cancer risk and optimal management of small dysplastic lesions. (Source: Gut)

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase-Expressing Colon Stem Cells Contribute to Tumorigenesis in the Transition from Colitis to Cancer

Cancer Research — Thu, 15 Oct 2009 04:07:39 +0100

Patients with chronic ulcerative colitis are at increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. Although current hypotheses suggest that sporadic colorectal cancer is due to inability to control cancer stem cells, the cancer stem cell hypothesis has not yet been validated in colitis-associated cancer. Furthermore, the identification of the colitis to cancer transition is challenging. We recently showed that epithelial cells with the increased expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase in sporadic colon cancer correlate closely with tumor-initiating ability. We sought to determine whether ALDH can be used as a marker to isolate tumor-initiating populations from patients with chronic ulcerative colitis. We used fluorescence-activated cell sorting to identify precursor colon cancer stem cells from ...

Biomedical Research Centre searches for immunological biomarkers

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Thu, 15 Oct 2009 04:00:00 +0100

(King's College London) Persistent inflammation and the activation of the immune system is the key pathological mechanism affecting many long-term conditions, such as rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, ulcerative colitis, and others. A group of London-based researchers hope that they will be able to identify biomarkers in the tissue and blood, which in future could be used to diagnose these conditions, to predict how they will develop and how an individual will respond to treatment. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

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Quality of Life Improvements Attributed to Combination Therapy with Oral and Topical Mesalazine in Mild-to-Moderately Active Ulcerative Colitis

Digestion — Wed, 14 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Digestion 2009;80:241-246 (DOI:10.1159/000235916) (Source: Digestion)

Inflammatory bowel disease in young people: The case for transitional clinics

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Wed, 14 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

The incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is increasing among adolescents. In all, 25% of patients are diagnosed before the age of 16, when they are traditionally transferred from the pediatric to the adult service.We conducted a retrospective case-controlled study to characterize patients treated in a novel transitional adolescent-young adult IBD clinic. This compared disease extent, radiation exposure, therapeutic strategy, and requirement for surgery in 100 adolescents with controls from our adult IBD clinic matched for disease duration.The median (range) ages for the adolescent and adult population was 19 (16-28) and 43 (24-84), with a median age at diagnosis of 15 (3-26) and 39 (13-82) respectively (P < 0.001). Crohn's disease was significantly more common in the adolescents. ...

Genome-wide gene expression analysis of mucosal colonic biopsies and isolated colonocytes suggests a continuous inflammatory state in the lamina propria of patients with quiescent ulcerative colitis

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Wed, 14 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

This study has demonstrated the presence of a continuous inflammatory state in quiescent UC, which seems to reflect an altered gene expression profile of lamina propria cells. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2009 (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)

Infliximab therapy for patients with inflammatory bowel disease: 10 years on.

European Journal of Pharmacology — Wed, 14 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Van Assche G, Vermeire S, Rutgeerts P The advent of infliximab a decade ago has drastically changed the treatment paradigm for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Controlled evidence supports the use of this anti TNF antibody to treat luminal and fistulizing Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, pediatric Crohn's disease and extraintestinal manifestations of IBD. For all IBD indications induction with infliximab 5mg/kg IV at week 0-2-6, followed by q 8weeks scheduled maintenance is advocated. Novel treatment goals such as mucosal healing and the reduction of hospitalizations and surgeries, have been achieved by infliximab and open the perspective of disease modification. The benefit to risk ratio of infliximab is comparable to that of other immunosuppressive treatm...

Ten years of infliximab (Remicade(R)) in clinical practice: The story from bench to bedside.

European Journal of Pharmacology — Wed, 14 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Cornillie F Infliximab was first introduced in Europe in 1999 for Crohn's disease. During the following decade major progress was made in the understanding of the pathophysiology of inflammatory bowel diseases and treatment with infliximab. Today, treatment algorithms with anti-TNF and optimization of anti-TNF use in daily clinical practice are important research topics in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. TNF blockade has also changed the rheumatology practice during the last 10 years. Earlier treatment, combination with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs, and identification of risk factors of poor prognosis are hot research topics today. The introduction of infliximab (among other biological therapies) has thus changed the way how inflammatory bowel diseases and rhe...

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Infliximab Linked to Lower Colectomy Rates in Moderate to Severe Active Ulcerative Colitis

Medscape Medical News Headlines — Wed, 14 Oct 2009 16:59:05 +0100

In randomized controlled trials, patients treated with infliximab for moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis were less likely to undergo colectomy through 54 weeks vs those receiving placebo. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Medical News Headlines)

Diagnostic Role and Clinical Association of ASCA and ANCA in Brazilian Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Digestive Diseases and Sciences — Wed, 14 Oct 2009 05:58:13 +0100

Conclusions The results evidenced that low sensitivity of ASCA and pANCA markers limits their use in IBD screening in the general population; however, their specificity may contribute to differentiation between CD and UC in IBD patients. Our study lends further support to the suggestion that serologic assessment identifies different subtypes of IBD. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10620-009-0998-7Authors Renato Mitsunori Nisihara, Federal University of Paraná Laboratory of Immunopathology Rua João Azolin, 660 Curitiba PR 82015-040 BrazilWilson Beleski de Carvalho, Federal University of Paraná Department of Gastroenterology Curitiba PR BrazilShirley Ramos da Rosa Utiyama, Federal University of Paraná Laboratory of Immunopathology R...

PSC Partners Seeking a Cure: Request for Proposals--Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis

ScanGrants feed — Tue, 13 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

The PSC Partners Seeking a Cure Foundation is a non-profit 501(c)3 foundation whose mission is to provide research, education, and support for people affected by Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis (PSC). The PSC Partners Seeking a Cure Foundation offers grants to support PSC researchers to conduct research that addresses an important and novel, basic or clinical research question related to PSC and closely allied diseases, such as inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) (ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease). The applicant must be at an academic institution. The goal of funding is to help encourage investigators to conduct research in a promising new area. Funding is limited to $20,000 per year for 2 years ($40,000 total). The PSC Partners Seeking a Cure Foundation is particularly interested ...

Natalizumab: Ocular herpes zoster, or bacterial infections leading to ulcerative colitis or abscess: 3 case reports

Reactions — Mon, 12 Oct 2009 13:02:30 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Ulcerative colitis in a Southern European country: A national perspective

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Sun, 11 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

The incidence, prevalence, and even the clinical behavior of ulcerative colitis (UC) are highly variable in different world regions. In previous studies, Portugal was reported as having a milder clinical behavior. The aim of this study was to apply the Montreal Classification in a large group of UC Portuguese patients in order to describe their clinical characteristics and evaluate variables potentially useful for outcome prediction.A cross-sectional study based on data collected from a nationwide online registry was undertaken.In all, 2863 patients with UC were included. Twenty-one percent had ulcerative proctitis, 52% left-sided colitis, and 28% extensive colitis. Sixty percent of patients had taken steroids, 14% immunosuppressors, 1% biologicals, and 4.5% were submitted to surgery. Pati...

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Cerebral thromboembolic events in pediatric patients with inflammatory bowel disease

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Sun, 11 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

We describe the incidence and outcome of CTE in pediatric IBD patients from a single center over 5 years and the relative proportion of stroke reported in the literature in patients with UC and CD before and after January 2000.Demographic data were extracted on all newly diagnosed cases of IBD in our center from January 2003 to January 2008 to ascertain patient characteristics, disease type, risk factors for CTE, modality of neuroimaging, and outcome. A literature search was performed to identify all articles describing stroke in pediatric IBD. All identified studies were stratified into those published before and after January 1 2000.In all, 154 new patients diagnosed with IBD (male 56%) (UC 30%, CD 64%, IBD unclassified [IBDU] 6%) were reviewed. Four cases of CTE occurred in our populati...

Mycobacterium avium subsp. Paratuberculosis (MAP) as a modifying factor in Crohn's disease

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Sun, 11 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Crohn's disease (CD) is a multifactorial syndrome with genetic and environmental contributions. Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) has been frequently isolated from mucosal tissues of patients with CD but the cellular immune response to this bacterium has been poorly described. Our aim was to examine the influence of MAP on T-cell proliferation and cytokine responses in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD).Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and mesenteric lymph node cells (MLNCs) were obtained from IBD patients and non-IBD controls. PBMC T-cell proliferation in response to MAP was determined using CFSE labeling and flow cytometry. The specificity of cytokine responses to MAP was controlled by parallel exposure to Listeria monocytogenes (LM) or Salmonell...

Challenges in the design of a Home Telemanagement Trial for patients with ulcerative colitis.

Clinical Trials — Sun, 11 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: To the best of our knowledge, our trial will be the first randomized controlled trial to evaluate telemedicine in subjects with gastrointestinal disease. We describe several issues encountered in design and implementation of our trial that will aid investigators when planning telemedicine trials in inflammatory bowel disease. PMID: 19822631 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Trials)

Association of alpha 2A adrenergic receptor gene (ADRAlpha2A) polymorphism with irritable bowel syndrome, microscopic & ulcerative colitis.

International Journal of Clinical Chemistry — Sun, 11 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: A significant association was observed between alpha2A-1291C>G polymorphism and D-IBS. Thus, alpha2 AR gene may be a potential candidate involved in pathophysiology of D-IBS. PMID: 19833115 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry)

Effect of Wumeiwan on cytokines TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and expression of NF-κBp65 in rats with ulcerative colitis

Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology -- Medical Sciences -- — Sun, 11 Oct 2009 07:02:54 +0100

Summary The effects of Wumeiwan (WMW) on TNF-α, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10 and NF-κBp65 in rats with ulcerative colitis (UC) were investigated, the curative effectiveness of WMW vs salicylazosulfapyridine (SASP) was compared, and the action mechanism was analyzed. Fifty-Six Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=14 in each group, with equal ratio of male and female): normal control group, model group, SASP group, and WMW group. Except normal control group, the rat UC models in the remaining three groups were established using the method of 2.4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) immunization and acetic acid local enema. The rats in model group, SASP group, and WMW group were treated with distilled water, SASP, and WMW respectively. The changes in the symptoms a...

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How can we really reduce the morbidity of inflammatory bowel disease — Research on genes and cytokines, or find out the causative factors in the environment?

Journal of Critical Care — Fri, 09 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Dear Sir, Right now, millions of patients all over the world are suffering from the devastating inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), both of which have very high incidences in children and adolescence and are still regarded as incurable. Currently, the main efforts of research on IBD remain largely on genes, cytokines, and other cellular and molecular changes, with the utmost finding by the recent genome-wide association study that more than 30 distinct susceptibility loci are associated with CD. It revealed the complex in the pathogenesis of IBD. However, all these genes together have been estimated only account for about 10% of the variety in the risk of CD. The weak contribution by each gene, along with the non-specific nature of ...

Recurrent cytomegalovirus infection in ileal pouch-anal anastomosis for ulcerative colitis

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Thu, 08 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)

The position of the amino group on the benzene ring is critical for mesalamine's improvement of replication fidelity

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Thu, 08 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Individuals with ulcerative colitis are at high risk of developing colitis-associated cancer. 5-Aminosalicylate (5-ASA) protects from cancer by its antiinflammatory activity as well as by altering cell growth, inducing apoptosis, and reducing replication errors. So far neither 5-ASA's structural specificity nor its pharmacophore group have been identified. Here we compared 5-ASA with its analogs (4-ASA and 3-ASA) and its metabolite N-acetyl-5-ASA (NAc-5-ASA).Superoxide scavenging was analyzed by lucigenin-amplified chemiluminescence. Cell growth, cell cycle distribution, and replication fidelity at a (CA)13 microsatellite were measured in HCT116 and HT29 colon epithelial cells by MTT and flow cytometry. Nuclear protein extracts were blotted for replication protein A (RPA), claspin, p53, an...

Comparison of colectomy rate after treatment of ulcerative colitis with placebo or infliximab

NeLM - News — Wed, 07 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Source: Gastroenterology Area: News An article in Gastroenterology from the investigators of the ACT-1 and ACT-2 multicentre trials, report long-term data on colectomy and hospitalisations among patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis (UC) randomised to infliximab or placebo. In these studies, 728 patients received placebo or infliximab (5 or 10 mg/kg) at weeks 0, 2, and 6, then every 8 weeks through week 46 (ACT-1) or 22 (ACT-2). Colectomy, hospitalisation, and surgery/procedure data through 54 weeks after the first infusion were obtained from ACT-1, ACT-2, and associated data sources. In the pre-specified analysis, all data were combined to ascertain time to colectomy. The following findings were reported: . 87% (630 of 728) of patients ...

Prevalence and pathogenesis of anemia in Inflammatory Bowel disease. Influence of anti-tumor necrosis factor-{alpha} treatment.

Haematologica — Wed, 07 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions In out-patients with inflammatory bowel disease anemia is a common problem whose prevalence and severity are related to disease activity. The pathogenesis of anemia changes during the course of the disease, with ACD having a major role at diagnosis and iron deficiency and multifactorial forms of anemia during follow-up. In patients requiring anti-TNF-alpha treatment, response to therapy improves erythropoiesis. PMID: 19815838 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Haematologica)

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Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in childhood: report of nine cases and review of the literature

Neurological Sciences — Wed, 07 Oct 2009 07:40:31 +0100

We presented nine patients with RPLS who had primary diagnoses such as acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis, idiopathic hypertension, the performing of intravenous immunoglobulin for infection with crescentic glomerulonephritis, erythrocyte transfusion for severe iron deficiency, l-asparaginase treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia and performing of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor for ulcerative colitis due to neutropenia. Early recognition of RPLS as complication during different diseases and therapy in childhood may facilitate precise diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10072-009-0158-zAuthors Hakan Gümüş, Kayseri Education and Research Hospital Department of Pediatric Neurology Talas Kayseri...

Netrin-1 up-regulation in inflammatory bowel diseases is required for colorectal cancer progression [Medical_Sciences]

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences — Tue, 06 Oct 2009 21:23:13 +0100

Chronic inflammation and cancer are intimately associated. This is particularly true for inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)

Aldehyde Dehydrogenase-Expressing Colon Stem Cells Contribute to Tumorigenesis in the Transition from Colitis to Cancer.

Cell Research — Mon, 05 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Carpentino JE, Hynes MJ, Appelman HD, Zheng T, Steindler DA, Scott EW, Huang EH Patients with chronic ulcerative colitis are at increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. Although current hypotheses suggest that sporadic colorectal cancer is due to inability to control cancer stem cells, the cancer stem cell hypothesis has not yet been validated in colitis-associated cancer. Furthermore, the identification of the colitis to cancer transition is challenging. We recently showed that epithelial cells with the increased expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase in sporadic colon cancer correlate closely with tumor-initiating ability. We sought to determine whether ALDH can be used as a marker to isolate tumor-initiating populations from patients with chronic ulcerative colitis. We...

Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America Student Research Fellowship Awards

ScanGrants feed — Sun, 04 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America Student Research Fellowship Awards Full Online Application Due March 15Submission of Paper Copy Postmarked March 15Review mid AprilStart Date on or about June 15Final/Financial Reports September 1Total Award: $2,500 (indirect costs are not allowed)Duration of Award: One time payment (project must last at least 10 weeks)Objective: This program offers financial support for students to spend time performing research on topics relevant to inflammatory bowel disease for a minimum of 10 weeks. CCFA hopes to stimulate research interest in the areas of Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis.Applicant Eligibility: Candidates may be undergraduate, medical or graduate students (not yet engaged in thesis research) in accredited United States institutions. Can...

Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America Career Development Awards

ScanGrants feed — Sun, 04 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America Career Development Awards Letter of Intent to Apply Due November 1 May 1Full Online Application Due January 14 July 1Submission of Paper Copy Postmarked January 14 Postmarked July 1Review mid April mid NovemberBoard of Trustees mid April mid NovemberStart Date July 1 January 1Total Award: Up to $90,000 per yearDuration of Award: One to Three YearsObjective: Career Development Awards are offered to encourage the development of individuals with research potential to help them prepare for an career of independent basic and/or clinical investigation in the area of inflammatory bowel disease. Therefore, individuals who are already well established in the field of IBD research are not considered eligible for this award.Applicant Eligibility: Applicant ...

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Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America Senior Research Awards

ScanGrants feed — Sun, 04 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America Senior Research AwardsLetter of Intent to Apply Due November 1 May 1Full Online Application Due January 14 July 1Submission of Paper Copy Postmarked January 14 Postmarked July 1Review mid April mid NovemberBoard of Trustees mid April mid NovemberStart Date July 1 January 1Direct Costs: $130,000 per yearIndirect Costs: 10% of direct costs or $13,000Duration of Award: One to Three YearsObjective: To provide established researchers with funds to generate sufficient preliminary data to become competitive for funds from other sources, such as the National Institute of Health (NIH).Applicant Eligibility: Applicant must hold an MD, PhD, or equivalent degree and must be employed by an institution (public non-profit, private non-profit or government) enga...

Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America Research Fellowship Awards

ScanGrants feed — Sun, 04 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America Research Fellowship AwardsLetter of Intent to Apply Due November 1 May 1Full Online Application Due January 14 July 1Submission of Paper Copy Postmarked January 14 Postmarked July 1Review mid April mid NovemberBoard of Trustees mid April mid NovemberStart Date July 1 January 1Total Award: Up to $58,250 per yearDuration of Award: One to Three YearsObjective: Research Fellowship Awards are offered to encourage the development of individuals with research potential to help them prepare for a career of independent basic and/or clinical investigation in the area of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis.Applicant Eligibility: Individuals who are already well established in the field of IBD research are not considered eligible for this award. Applicant...

Crohn's & Colitis Foundation Launches New Web Site to Commence Take Steps Walk Season: Walkers Can Take the Step that Counts Using New Interactive Features

PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals — Sun, 04 Oct 2009 17:14:36 +0100

The Crohn's & Colitis Foundation of America recently launched its updated web site to usher in the 2010 Walk season comprising of over 100 walks nationwide. The Foundation reached a new plateau with new interactive features such as a blog, downloadable banners and widgets, and tips and tools for fundraising to support the walks that raise much-needed awareness of and funds for the 1.4 million Americans living with Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis, chronic and painful digestive diseases. (PRWeb Oct 3, 2009) Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/2009/10/prweb2984894.htm (Source: PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals)

Ulcerative Colitis Treatment Reduces Need for Surgery by Almost Half

Drugs.com - Clinical Trials — Sat, 03 Oct 2009 12:47:49 +0100

ROCHESTER, Minn., Oct. 1 /PRNewswire-USNewswire/ -- A new study led by Mayo Clinic researchers has found that ulcerative colitis patients had a 41 percent reduction in colectomy after a year when treated with infliximab, according to a study... (Source: Drugs.com - Clinical Trials)

Need For Surgery Almost Halved By Ulcerative Colitis Treatment

Health News from Medical News Today — Sat, 03 Oct 2009 07:00:00 +0100

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Drug May Help Colitis Patients Avoid Surgery

MedlinePlus Health News — Fri, 02 Oct 2009 18:00:00 +0100

Infliximab linked to fewer colectomies in study patients Source: HealthDay Related MedlinePlus Topics: Medicines, Ulcerative Colitis (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

Retinoic Acid May Alleviate Ulcerative Colitis And Similar Irritable Bowel Diseases

Health News from Medical News Today — Fri, 02 Oct 2009 12:00:00 +0100

Here's another reason why you should take your vitamins. A new research report appearing in the October 2009 print issue of the Journal of Leukocyte Biology suggests that retinoic acid, the oxidized form of vitamin A, could be a beneficial treatment for people suffering from ulcerative colitis and other irritable bowel diseases. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Ulcerative Colitis Treatment Reduces Need for Surgery

Disabled World — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 23:23:25 +0100

Ulcerative Colitis Treatment Reduces Need For Surgery By Almost Half

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

A new study led by Mayo Clinic researchers has found that ulcerative colitis patients had a 41 percent reduction in colectomy after a year when treated with infliximab, according to a study published in the October 2009 issue of Gastroenterology. Ulcerative colitis, an inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that causes chronic inflammation of the colon, is characterized by abdominal pain and diarrhea. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Drug Tied to Lower Colectomy Rate in Ulcerative Colitis

Modern Medicine — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

In patients with moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis, treatment with infliximab is associated with a significantly lower likelihood of undergoing colectomy within one year, according to a study published in the October Gastroenterology. (Source: Modern Medicine)

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Blockade of a Chemokine, CCL2, Reduces Chronic Colitis-Associated Carcinogenesis in Mice

Cancer Research — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 18:26:06 +0100

Accumulating evidence indicates the crucial contribution of chronic inflammation to various types of carcinogenesis, including colon carcinoma associated with ulcerative colitis and asbestosis-induced malignant mesothelioma. Ulcerative colitis–associated colon carcinogenesis can be recapitulated in mice by azoxymethane administration followed by repetitive dextran sulfate sodium ingestion. In the course of this carcinogenesis process, the expression of a macrophage-tropic chemokine, CCL2, was enhanced together with intracolonic massive infiltration of macrophages, which were a major source of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, a crucial mediator of colon carcinogenesis. Mice deficient in CCL2-specific receptor, CCR2, exhibited less macrophage infiltration and lower tumor numbers with attenuated...

Ulcerative Colitis Treatment Reduces Need For Surgery By Almost Half, Study Suggests

ScienceDaily Headlines — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 18:11:01 +0100

A new study has found that ulcerative colitis patients had a 41 percent reduction in colectomy after a year when treated with infliximab. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)

Oxidized Form Of A Common Vitamin May Bring Relief For Ulcerative Colitis

ScienceDaily Headlines — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 18:11:01 +0100

Here's another reason why you should take your vitamins. A new research report suggests that retinoic acid, the oxidized form of vitamin A, could be a beneficial treatment for people suffering from ulcerative colitis and other irritable bowel diseases. Specifically they found that retinoic acid helps suppress out-of-control inflammation, which is a hallmark of active ulcerative colitis. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)

Management of Acute Severe Ulcerative Colitis

Medscape General Surgery Headlines — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 16:30:57 +0100

UC is a chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory disorder usually managed successfully with maintenance oral medications. However, some patients require rescue medical therapy or surgery. Expert Review of Gastroenterology and Hepatology (Source: Medscape General Surgery Headlines)

Infliximab Lowers Risk of Colectomy in Ulcerative Colitis (CME/CE)

MedPage Today Gastroenterology — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 13:02:11 +0100

Treatment of moderate-to-severe ulcerative colitis with infliximab appears to reduce the need for colectomy, according to an analysis of data from two double-blind studies. (Source: MedPage Today Gastroenterology)

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Infliximab reduces need for surgery in ulcerative colitits

Medicineworld.org: New Article Alert — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 12:43:47 +0100

A newly released study led by Mayo Clinic scientists has observed that ulcerative colitis patients had a 41 percent reduction in colectomy after a year when treated with infliximab, as per a research studyreported in the October 2009 issue of Gastroenterology. Typically ulcerative colitis, an inflammatory bowel disease (ibd) that causes chronic inflammation of the colon, is characterized by abdominal pain and diarrhea. Like Crohn's disease, another common IBD, ulcerative colitis can be debilitating and often lead to colectomy or surgical removal of the colon........ (Source: Medicineworld.org: New Article Alert)

Ulcerative colitis treatment reduces need for surgery by almost half

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 04:00:00 +0100

(Mayo Clinic) A new study led by Mayo Clinic researchers has found that ulcerative colitis patients had a 41 percent reduction in colectomy after a year when treated with infliximab, according to a study published in the October 2009 issue of Gastroenterology. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Oxidized form of a common vitamin may bring relief for ulcerative colitis

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 04:00:00 +0100

(Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology) Here's another reason why you should take your vitamins. A new research report appearing in the October 2009 print issue of the Journal of Leukocyte Biology suggests that retinoic acid, the oxidized form of vitamin A, could be a beneficial treatment for people suffering from ulcerative colitis and other irritable bowel diseases. Specifically they found that retinoic acid helps suppress out-of-control inflammation, which is a hallmark of active ulcerative colitis. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Is Ulcerative Colitis Proctitis Associated With an Increased Risk of Colorectal Cancer?

Gastroenterology — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

We read with great interest the article by Söderlund et al evaluating cancer occurrence and mortality in a population-based study from Sweden including 7,607 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) or Crohn's disease (CD) who were diagnosed from 1954 to 1989. Data on colorectal cancer (CRC) were available through 2004. The authors demonstrated that over the past 35 years the risk of death from CRC declined markedly within the inflammatory bowel disease cohort. (Source: Gastroenterology)

Microscopic colitis: a review for the surgical endoscopist.

Canadian Journal of Surgery — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Datta I, Brar SS, Andrews CN, Dupre M, Ball CG, Buie WD, Beck PL Microscopic colitis (MC) is an inflammatory condition of the colon distinct from Crohn disease or ulcerative colitis that can cause chronic diarrhea as well as cramping and bloating. Although it was first described 30 years ago, awareness of this entity as a cause of diarrhea has only become more widespread recently. Up to 20% of adults with chronic diarrhea who have an endoscopically normal colonoscopy may have MC. Endoscopic and radiological examinations are usually normal, but histology reveals increased lymphocytes in the colonic mucosa, which typically cause watery nonbloody diarrhea. Treatment is initially supportive but can include corticosteroids and immunomodulatory therapy for resistant cases. Since sur...

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Inflammatory bowel disease in the United States from 1998 to 2005: has infliximab affected surgical rates?

The American Surgeon — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Cannom RR, Kaiser AM, Ault GT, Beart RW, Etzioni DA The treatment costs for patients in the United States with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) exceed 1.7 billion dollars/year. Infliximab, an antibody to tumor necrosis factor-alpha has been extensively used to treat IBD, with 390,000 IBD patients receiving the drug since its FDA approval in 1998. We sought to determine the impact of infliximab on population-based rates of hospitalizations and surgical care for patients with IBD in the United States. We used data from the Nationwide Inpatient Sample to analyze patterns of hospital-based treatment provided to patients with IBD between 1998 and 2005. Data from this analysis were combined with census data to calculate trends in population-based rates of treatment. Overall rates of...

Relationships between inflammatory bowel disease and perinatal factors: Both maternal and paternal disease are related to preterm birth of offspring

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Wed, 30 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

The aims of this study were to explore the influences of familial, maternal, and paternal inflammatory disease (IBD) on perinatal outcomes in the offspring and the risk for development of IBD related to perinatal factors.Eighty-five patients with Crohn's disease (CD) and 86 with ulcerative colitis (UC) were included from a population-based incidence study enrolled 1990-1994. Family and birth records of these patients, as well as of their 207 infants, were drawn from the Norwegian Medical Birth Registry, established in 1967, and compared with the national birth cohort from the same period.Maternal (odds ratio [OR] = 2.15, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.36, 3.39) and paternal IBD (OR = 3.02, 95% CI: 1.82, 5.01) influenced the risk of preterm birth ( (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)

[A case of renal vein thrombosis in a patient with ulcerative colitis.]

Korean J Gastroenter... — Wed, 30 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Yang DJ, Park YS, Yu YH, Jo YJ, Kim SH, Jung YY, Hwang YH, Jun DW Venous thrombosis and thromboembolism appear to occur more often in patient with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The cause of thrombotic complications in IBD is generally considered to be associated with hypercoagulable conditions. Its prevalence rate ranges from 1% to 8% in clinical studies and rises to 39% in autopsy, but the renal vein thrombosis is very rare complication in ulcerative colitis patient. A 24-year-old man presented with intermittent abdominal pain and hematochezia for 6 months and recently developed pitting edema for few weeks. He was diagnosed as severe ulcerative colitis involving whole colon combined with thrombosis in both renal veins by colonoscopy and computed tomography scan of abdomen...

Leukocyte apheresis in the management of ulcerative colitis

The Saudi Journal of Gastroenterology — Wed, 30 Sep 2009 16:41:39 +0100

Helmy Ahmed, Abdulla Maheeba, Kagevi Ingvar, Al Kahtani KhalidSaudi Journal of Gastroenterology 2009 15(4):283-287Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects the colon and rectum. Its pathogenesis is probably multifactorial including the influx of certain cytokines into the colonic mucosa, causing disease activity and relapse. The hypothesis of removing such cytokines from the circulation by leukocytapheresis was implemented to reduce disease activity, maintain remission, and prevent relapse. Many recent reports not only in Japan, but also in the West, have highlighted its beneficial effects in both adult and pediatric patients. Large placebo-controlled studies are needed to confirm the available data in this regard. In this article, we shed some light on the use of l...

Mitogen activated protein kinases: a role in inflammatory bowel disease?

Clinical and Experimental Immunology — Tue, 29 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Since their discovery more than 15 years ago, the mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPK) have been implicated in an ever-increasingly diverse array of pathways, including inflammatory signalling cascades. Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are characterized by the perpetual production of inflammatory mediators. Research into the transduction pathway behind this over-production has highlighted the potential mediating role for the MAPKs and their related signalling components. This review highlights some of the research into the role for the MAPKs and their related signalling proteins in influencing the progression of IBD. (Source: Clinical and Experimental Immunology)

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Inflammatory bowel disease, gut bacteria and probiotic therapy.

International Journal of Medical Microbiology — Tue, 29 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Reiff C, Kelly D Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are the two major forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and both diseases lead to high morbidity and health care costs. Complex interactions between the immune system, enteric commensal bacteria and host genotype are thought to underlie the development of IBD although the precise aetiology of this group of diseases is still unknown. The understanding of the composition and complexity of the normal gut microbiota has been greatly aided by the use of molecular methods and is likely to be further increased with the advent of metagenomics and metatranscriptomics approaches, which will allow an increasingly more holistic assessment of the microbiome with respect to both diversity and function of the commensal gut...

Appendix in ulcerative colitis: significant involvement and pathogenesis

Gastrointestinal Endoscopy — Tue, 29 Sep 2009 16:42:53 +0100

To the Editor: We read with interest the article by Dendrinos et al describing diffuse inflammation in the rectum and patchy inflammation in the cecum surrounding the appendiceal orifice in ulcerative colitis (UC). Although biopsy specimens from the rectum and appendiceal orifice showed cryptitis with gland branching, those from the transverse colon were normal. The authors therefore made the diagnosis of distal UC with a cecal patch. We believe that appendiceal involvement of UC, “ulcerative appendicitis,” and its pathogenesis should be highlighted. (Source: Gastrointestinal Endoscopy)

Cavernous transformation of the portal vein

Pediatric Radiology RSS News, Cases, Teaching Files and Publications — Mon, 28 Sep 2009 17:34:31 +0100

17 year-old male. Unspecific immune defect with multiple organ manifestations (juvenile chronic arthritis, factor V mutation, ulcerative colitis, autoimmune hepatitis, retarded growth, celiac disease... (Source: Pediatric Radiology RSS News, Cases, Teaching Files and Publications)

Quality of life in the late follow-up of ulcerative colitis patients submitted to restorative proctocolectomy with sphincter preservation over ten years ago

Clinics — Fri, 25 Sep 2009 16:42:40 +0100

CONCLUSION: We can conclude that the possibility of sphincter preservation should always be taken into account, since patients remain clinically stable and have a high quality of life even after long periods. (Source: Clinics)

An investigation of medication adherence to 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy in patients with ulcerative colitis, using self-report and urinary drug excretion measurements

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Thu, 24 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Our observations confirm the difficulty of accurately assessing medication adherence. Nonmodifiable (younger age, South Asian ethnicity) and potentially modifiable (medication beliefs) predictors of non-adherence were identified. (Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

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Mucosal remodeling in long-standing ulcerative colitis with colorectal neoplasia: Significant alterations of NCAM+ or α-SMA+ subepithelial myofibroblasts and interstitial cells

Pathology International — Wed, 23 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Evidence has been provided in ulcerative colitis (UC) that early genomic instability of both epithelial and stromal cells is important for colorectal tumorigenesis, as well as remodeling and morphological alterations of mucosal crypts. To clarify roles of stromal cells in tumor development in UC, the present study focused on heterogeneous phenotypes of subepithelial myofibroblasts and interstitial cells, in association with mucosal remodeling. To clarify the relationship of alterations to tumorigenesis, mucosa of resected rectae from patients with UC (n= 49) and sporadic cancer (n= 10) were analyzed on immunohistochemistry and also on immunoelectron microscopy. Heterogeneous phenotypes of neural cell adhesion molecule (NCAM)+ and/or [alpha]-smooth muscle actin ([alpha]-SMA)+ subepithelial ...

Surgery in Ulcerative Colitis: Indication and Timing

Digestive Diseases — Wed, 23 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Dig Dis 2009;27:335-340 (DOI:10.1159/000228570) (Source: Digestive Diseases)

Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in the Elderly

Digestive Diseases — Wed, 23 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Dig Dis 2009;27:327-334 (DOI:10.1159/000228569) (Source: Digestive Diseases)

Severe Acute Ulcerative Colitis: The Pediatric Perspective

Digestive Diseases — Wed, 23 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Dig Dis 2009;27:322-326 (DOI:10.1159/000228568) (Source: Digestive Diseases)

Mapping of inflammatory bowel disease in northern France: Spatial variations and relation to affluence

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Tue, 22 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Geographic variations in the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may reflect variations in the distribution of environmental etiologic factors. We assessed spatial variation in the incidence of IBD in northern France and analyzed its association with a deprivation index.All cases of IBD included in the EPIMAD registry between 1990 and 2003 were extracted. The standardized incidence ratio (SIR) was calculated for each canton in the region. The association between incidence and deprivation was assessed using the Townsend deprivation index.The mean annual incidence rates of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) were 6.2 × 10-5 and 3.8 × 10-5, respectively. The mean cumulative numbers of cases by canton were 18.4 (1-183) for CD and 11.3 (0-148) for UC. For both CD and UC...

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Protective Effects of Selenium and Vitamin E Combination on Experimental Colitis in Blood Plasma and Colon of Rats.

Biological Trace Element Research — Tue, 22 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

This study was carried out on three groups, namely the first (control), the second (experimental colitis group, 2 ml 5% acetic acid), and the third groups (2 ml 5% acetic acid, vitamin E (100 mg/kg body weight (bw)) plus Se (0.2 mg/kg bw)). The activities of catalase (CAT), prolidase (PRS), myeloperoxidase (MPO), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), total thiol (T-SH) were determined in plasma and colon samples. Macroscopic and microscopic damages in colon were increased by AA treatment (p < 0.01 and p < 0.01, respectively), whereas they were decreased by selenium and vitamin E treatment (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01, respectively). The activities of CAT and PRS in the plasma and colon were significantly affected (p < 0.05 and ...

CXCL12 Is a constitutive and inflammatory chemokine in the intestinal immune system

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Mon, 21 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by increased lymphocytic infiltrate to the lamina propria (LP) and upregulation of inflammatory chemokines and receptors. CXCL12 is a constitutive chemokine involved in lung, brain, and joint inflammation. We hypothesized that CXCL12 and its receptor, CXCR4, would have a constitutive and inflammatory role in the gut.Intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and T lymphocytes were isolated from intestinal mucosa of IBD and control patients undergoing bowel resection. Autologous T cells were isolated from peripheral blood (PB). CXCL12 and CXCR4 expression by IECs was assessed by polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry, lymphocyte phenotype by flow cytometry, and migration by Transwells.IECs expressed CXCL12 and expression was increased an...

Does psychological counseling alter the natural history of inflammatory bowel disease?

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Mon, 21 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

There is increasing evidence that psychological stress can increase mucosal inflammation and worsen the course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). We have now assessed whether psychotherapy by a counselor specially trained in the management of IBD can influence the course of disease.Using retrospective case note review, we compared the course of IBD in 24 patients (13 ulcerative colitis; 11 Crohn's disease), during the year before (year 1) and the year after referral (year 2) for supportive outpatient psychotherapy to an IBD counselor, to that of 24 IBD controls who were matched to individual cases for age, sex, disease, duration of disease, medication at baseline, and for relapse rate in year 1. Counselor assessments were made using a visual analog scale 0-6 (0 denotes poor, 6 excellent ...

TLR5 is not required for flagellin-mediated exacerbation of DSS colitis

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Mon, 21 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

The two forms of human inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), are both associated with loss of tolerance to gut microbial antigens. The dominant antigen recognized by antibody and T-cell responses in patients with CD is bacterial flagellin. Flagellin is also the only known ligand for Toll-like receptor 5 (TLR5), a key protein in innate immunity. Although flagellin activates TLR5 to produce inflammatory responses in many cell types in the gut, there is conflicting evidence as to whether TLR5 is harmful or protective in CD and murine colitis models. A recent study found that administration of flagellin enemas to mice along with dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) made their colitis worse.We sought to determine whether this exacerbation was due to TLR5 ligation...

Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation Encourages More Virtual Event Participants: Thousands Already Helped Foundation Raise Funds for Research & Support Legislation

PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals — Mon, 21 Sep 2009 17:08:25 +0100

The Crohn’s & Colitis Foundation and Shire plc (LSE: SHP, NASDAQ: SHPGY) today announced that more than 6,800 Facebook® users have participated in its first-ever virtual “Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) March on the Hill” at www.ibdmarchonthehill.com. Using social media tools, the program aims to promote awareness about and raise funds for research and programs supporting those battling Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis, chronic and painful digestive diseases impacting more than 1.4 million Americans. Website visitors are asked to show their support by selecting a unique shoe to place on the virtual “Hill” and are able to see how their step has impacted the total number of steps taken to date. (PRWeb Sep 21, 2009) Read the full story a...

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Vitamin D receptor genotype may influence UC patient bone density

MedWire News - Gastroenterology — Mon, 21 Sep 2009 16:33:14 +0100

Variants in the vitamin D receptor gene are associated with bone mineral density in people with ulcerative colitis, study results indicate. (Source: MedWire News - Gastroenterology)

5-ASA in ulcerative colitis: Improving treatment compliance.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Sun, 20 Sep 2009 21:31:03 +0100

In conclusion, at present, 5-ASA MMx seems theoretically the best agent for maintaining patient compliance, and consequently, treatment effectiveness. PMID: 19764084 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

Predsol (prednisolone sodium phosphate) Retention Enema - Revised SPC

NeLM - Gastroenterology — Sat, 19 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Source: eMC (electronic Medicines Compendium) Area: Other Library Updates > SPC Changes Section 4.4 (special warnings and precautions for use) has been updated with the warning to use with caution in patients with myasthenia gravis, non-specific ulcerative colitis, diverticulitis and fresh intestinal anastamoses. Section 4.5 (interactions) has been updated to include interactions with fluoroquinolones, anticholinesterases, licorice and neuromuscular blockers. Ssection 4.8 (undesirable effects) has been updated to include blood and lymphatic system disorders - alteration in lipid levels, leukemoid reactions; ophthalmic - chorioretinopathy; dermatological - dermatitis and toxic epidermal necrolysis. (Source: NeLM - Gastroenterology)

Cost effectiveness of ulcerative colitis surveillance in the setting of 5-aminosalicylates

Sat, 19 Sep 2009 16:25:58 +0100

Published September 2009Bottom-line conclusion: If 5-Aminosalicylates (5-ASA) are efficacious chemoprevention for ulcerative colitis (UC)-associated colorectal cancer (CRC), endoscopic surveillance might be safely performed every 2 years or less often. Such practice could decrease burdens to patients and on endoscopic resources with a minimal decrease in quality-adjusted length of life, because 5-ASA with annual surveillance may cost nearly $1 million per additional quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) gained. (Source: Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Specialist Library - Inflammatory bowel disease)

Cost effectiveness of ulcerative colitis surveillance in the setting of 5-aminosalicylates

Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Specialist Library - Prevention — Sat, 19 Sep 2009 16:25:46 +0100

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Cost effectiveness of ulcerative colitis surveillance in the setting of 5-aminosalicylates

Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Specialist Library - Colon and rectum — Sat, 19 Sep 2009 16:15:22 +0100

IBD care in Europe: A comparative audit of the inpatient management of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis using the national UK IBD audit tool

Journal of Critical Care — Fri, 18 Sep 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Consistent procedural differences between Oxford and Milan identified by audits of both UC and CD could be resolved by organisational change, with an improvement in the service. The UK IBD audit tool is an easy instrument to assess the processes and outcomes of care delivery in IBD and can be applied also outside UK. (Source: Journal of Critical Care)

Gatekeepers of intestinal inflammation

Inflammation Research — Thu, 17 Sep 2009 23:33:09 +0100

Abstract The intestine is subjected to a barrage of insults from food, bacterial flora, and pathogens. Despite this constant antigenic challenge, the mucosal tissues lining the intestinal tract remain largely under control. The mechanisms regulating the homeostatic balance in the gut have been investigated for many years by many groups, but the precise nature of the regulatory control remains elusive. In this review, we provide an overview of pathways proposed to be involved in dampening the inflammatory response and maintaining the homeostatic balance in the intestine, and how these pathways may be disrupted in ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ReviewDOI 10.1007/s00011-009-0091-xAuthors Heather A. Arnett, Inflammation Resea...

Characteristics and Trends in the Incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Korean Children: A Single-Center Experience

Digestive Diseases and Sciences — Thu, 17 Sep 2009 23:15:59 +0100

Conclusion This study showed that the incidence of pediatric IBD has been rapidly increasing in Korea in recent years. Relevant family history is less prevalent and phenotypic expression differs from what is seen in Western countries. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10620-009-0963-5Authors Bong Jin Kim, University of Ulsan College of Medicine Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children’s Hospital 388-1 Pungnap-Dong Songpa-Gu, Seoul 138-736 KoreaSeung Min Song, University of Ulsan College of Medicine Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children’s Hospital 388-1 Pungnap-Dong Songpa-Gu, Seoul 138-736 KoreaKyung Mo Kim, University of Ulsan College of Medicine Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center Children�...

NMR-based metabonomics analysis of mouse urine and fecal extracts following oral treatment with the broad-spectrum antibiotic enrofloxacin (Baytril).

Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry : MRC — Thu, 17 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Romick-Rosendale LE, Goodpaster AM, Hanwright PJ, Patel NB, Wheeler ET, Chona DL, Kennedy MA The human gastrointestinal tract is home to hundreds of species of bacteria and the balance between beneficial and pathogenic bacteria plays a critical role in human health and disease. The human infant, however, is born with a sterile gut and the complex gastrointestinal host/bacterial ecosystem is only established after birth by rapid bacterial colonization. Composition of newborn gut flora depends on several factors including type of birth (Ceasarian or natural), manner of early feeding (breast milk or formula), and exposure to local, physical environment. Imbalance in normal, healthy gut flora contributes to several adult human diseases including inflammatory bowel (ulcerative coli...

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Primary sclerosing cholangitis with elevated serum IgG4 levels and/or infiltration of abundant IgG4-positive plasma cells

Journal of Gastroenterology — Thu, 17 Sep 2009 12:47:07 +0100

Abstract Immunoglobin G4-related sclerosing cholangitis (IgG4-SC) is recognized as one of the systemic sclerosing diseases characterized by abundant IgG4-positive plasma cells with effective steroid therapy. On the other hand, primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC), recognized as a sclerosing cholangitis of unknown origin without steroid efficacy, has been often clinically confused with IgG4-SC. To date, the prognosis of IgG4-SC is unclear, while the prognosis of PSC is well known to be poor. Therefore, it is clinically very important to be able to distinguish IgG4-SC from PSC. However, at the present time it still remains unclear whether PSC may sometimes be misdiagnosed as IgG4-SC or not. Herein, we report three rare cases of PSC with elevated serum IgG4 levels and/or an i...

Demographic Characteristics of Hospitalized IBD Patients

Digestive Diseases and Sciences — Thu, 17 Sep 2009 12:37:35 +0100

Conclusions These patterns confirm previously described characteristics of patients with inflammatory bowel disease and show that such characteristics still apply to present patient populations. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10620-009-0973-3Authors Amnon Sonnenberg, Portland VA Medical Center, Oregon Health & Science University P3-GI, 3710 SW US Veterans Hospital Road Portland OR 97239 USA Journal Digestive Diseases and SciencesOnline ISSN 1573-2568Print ISSN 0163-2116 (Source: Digestive Diseases and Sciences)

Pulmonary toxicity associated with infliximab therapy for ulcerative colitis

Internal Medicine Journal — Wed, 16 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Internal Medicine Journal)

Kindlin-1 Is Required for RhoGTPase-Mediated Lamellipodia Formation in Keratinocytes.

Am J Pathol — Wed, 16 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Has C, Herz C, Zimina E, Qu HY, He Y, Zhang ZG, Wen TT, Gache Y, Aumailley M, Bruckner-Tuderman L Kindlin-1 is an epithelial-specific member of the novel kindlin protein family, which are regulators of integrin functions. Mutations in the gene that encodes Kindlin-1, FERMT1 (KIND1), cause the Kindler syndrome (KS), a human disorder characterized by mucocutaneous fragility, progressive skin atrophy, ulcerative colitis, photosensitivity, and propensity to skin cancer. Our previous studies indicated that loss of kindlin-1 resulted in abnormalities associated with integrin functions, such as adhesion, proliferation, polarization, and motility of epidermal cells. Here, we disclosed novel FERMT1 mutations in KS and used them, in combination with small-interfering RNA, protein, and i...

VDR genotype may influence BMD in ulcerative colitis patients

MedWire News - Bone Health — Wed, 16 Sep 2009 17:02:52 +0100

Variants in the vitamin D receptor gene are linked to bone mineral density in patients with the inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, research suggests. (Source: MedWire News - Bone Health)

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Population pharmacokinetic analysis of infliximab in patients with ulcerative colitis

European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology — Wed, 16 Sep 2009 12:24:11 +0100

Conclusions The disposition of infliximab in patients with moderately to severely active ulcerative colitis, unlike in rheumatoid arthritis, was not affected by coadministration of immunomodulators and corticosteroids but was related to formation of antibodies to infliximab and, notably, to serum albumin levels. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Pharmacokinetics and DispositionDOI 10.1007/s00228-009-0718-4Authors Adedigbo A. Fasanmade, Centocor Research and Development, Inc Malvern PA USAOmoniyi J. Adedokun, Centocor Research and Development, Inc Malvern PA USAJoyce Ford, Centocor Research and Development, Inc Malvern PA USADanika Hernandez, Centocor Research and Development, Inc Malvern PA USAJewel Johanns, Centocor Research and Development, Inc Malvern PA USAChua...

Effect of EP4 agonist (ONO-4819CD) for patients with mild to moderate ulcerative colitis refractory to 5-aminosalicylates: A randomized phase II, placebo-controlled trial

Inflammatory Bowel Diseases — Tue, 15 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

No abstract. (Source: Inflammatory Bowel Diseases)

Proinflammatory Th2 Cytokines Induce Production of Thymic Stromal Lymphopoietin in Human Colonic Epithelial Cells

Digestive Diseases and Sciences — Tue, 15 Sep 2009 21:48:10 +0100

Conclusions Taken together, as in human allergic diseases, an inflammatory Th2 condition in the mucosal lesions of UC patients may trigger increased TSLP expression by IECs, resulting in exacerbation of UC. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10620-009-0979-xAuthors Junya Tanaka, Kyoto University Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 JapanKazuyuki Saga, Kyoto University Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 JapanMasahiro Kido, Kyoto University Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medicine Yoshida-Konoe-cho, Sakyo-ku Kyoto 606-8501 JapanHisayo Nishiura, K...

Serum concentration of interleukin 10, anti-mannan Candida antibodies and the fungal colonization of the gastrointestinal tract in patients with ulcerative colitis.

Advances in Medical Sciences — Mon, 14 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The results of our study show that IL-10 serum concentration correlates neither with the disease activity nor with the levels of anti-mannan Candida antibodies and the fungal colonization of the gastrointestinal tract in ulcerative colitis. It seems that IL-10 serum concentration cannot be a universal marker for the assessment of ulcerative colitis activity. Moreover, anti-mannan Candida antibodies and significant fungal colonization are present in the minority of patients with ulcerative colitis suggesting that yeasts have minor, if any, influence on the clinical course of the disease. PMID: 19758974 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Advances in Medical Sciences)

Prevalence, predictors, and clinical consequences of medical adherence in IBD: How to improve it?

World Journal of Gastroenterology — Sun, 13 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lakatos PL Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic diseases with a relapsing-remitting disease course necessitating lifelong treatment. However, non-adherence has been reported in over 40% of patients, especially those in remission taking maintenance therapies for IBD. The economical impact of non-adherence to medical therapy including absenteeism, hospitalization risk, and the health care costs in chronic conditions, is enormous. The causes of medication non-adherence are complex, where the patient-doctor relationship, treatment regimen, and other disease-related factors play key roles. Moreover, subjective assessment might underestimate adherence. Poor adherence may result in more frequent relapses, a disabling disease course, in ulcerative colitis, and an increased ri...

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What Is Ulcerative Colitis? What Causes Ulcerative Colitis?

Health News from Medical News Today — Sat, 12 Sep 2009 07:00:00 +0100

Ulcerative colitis is a fairly common chronic (long-term) disease that causes inflammation of the colon (the large intestine). It is a form of inflammatory bowel disease that has some similarity to Crohn's disease, a related disorder. The colon - or large intestine - removes nutrients form undigested food and gets rid of waste products through the rectum and anus when we pass feces (stools). (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

[TNF-alpha blocking therapy in chronic inflammatory bowel disease.]

Orvosi Hetilap — Fri, 11 Sep 2009 19:48:25 +0100

Authors: Molnár T The introduction of TNF-alpha blocking therapy has produced a dramatic change in the treatment of therapy resistant patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Both infliximab and adalimumab are effective in middle severe and severe Crohn's disease. Besides, infliximab is potent in the remission and its sustaining in ulcerative colitis. However, among therapy resistant individuals, 20-30 percents of patients with Crohn's disease and 30-40 percents of patients with ulcerative colitis do not respond to these treatments. To date, no comparative study between the two drugs has been carried out and the clinical trials can not be directly compared to each others, still, on the basis of general considerations, there is no essential difference in the effectiveness between ...

Balsalazide: a novel 5-aminosalicylate prodrug for the treatment of active ulcerative colitis

Thu, 10 Sep 2009 12:09:11 +0100

Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology , Early Online. (Source: Expert Opinion: Expert Opinion on Drug Metabolism & Toxicology: Table of Contents)

Severe rosacea in a patient on infliximab for ulcerative colitis: pathophysiological considerations.

Acta Derm Venereol A... — Wed, 09 Sep 2009 18:18:03 +0100

Authors: Kosmidou M, Gaitanis G, Nomikos K, Zioga A, Katsanos K, Bassukas ID, Tsianos E PMID: 19734983 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Acta Derm Venereol A...)

Colitis-Associated Colorectal Cancer Driven by T-bet Deficiency in Dendritic Cells

Cancer Cell — Wed, 09 Sep 2009 03:00:08 +0100

Wendy S. Garrett, Shivesh Punit, Carey A. Gallini, Monia Michaud, Dorothy Zhang, Kirsten S. Sigrist, Graham M. Lord, Jonathan N. Glickman, Laurie H. Glimcher. We previously described a mouse model of ulcerative colitis linked to T-bet deficiency in the innate immune system. Here, we report that the majority of T-bet−/−RAG2−.... (Source: Cancer Cell)

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Plasma carnitine ester profiles in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis patients with different IGR2230a_1 genotypes

International Journal of Immunogenetics — Mon, 07 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

An association has been repeatedly demonstrated between inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and the IBD5 locus in the 5q31 chromosomal region. The aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of the IGR2230a_1 intronic nucleotide polymorphism of the slc22a5 gene (coding for the OCTN2 carnitine transporter protein) lying within this region, and its possible relationship with the carnitine metabolism in Hungarian IBD patients and controls. We genotyped by restriction fragment length polymorphism 200 Crohn's disease (CD) and 246 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, as well as 187 healthy controls. From plasma samples we determined detailed carnitine ester profiles of 76 CD, 43 UC patients and 45 control persons using electrospray ionization triple quadruple tandem mass spectrometry. The d...

Influenza virus vaccines: Exacerbation of ulcerative colitis: case report

Reactions — Mon, 07 Sep 2009 16:24:50 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Pharmacokinetics and safety of single and multiple doses of Asacol tablets in Japanese healthy volunteers.

Advances in Therapy — Sun, 06 Sep 2009 02:36:04 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Asacol was safe and well tolerated in this Japanese population, and the non-Japanese clinical data could be extrapolated to the Japanese population. PMID: 19730804 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Advances in Therapy)

Clinical relevance of circulating midkine in ulcerative colitis

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine — Fri, 04 Sep 2009 18:11:36 +0100

Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine 47 (9): 1085-1090 Abstract Background: Non-invasive biochemical markers are needed to support the diagnosis of ulcerative colitis (UC), an incurable disease of unknown pathology. Midkine is an angiogenic cytokine, chemotactic towards neutrophils and macrophages, and a T-regulatory cell suppressor. Methods: Serum midkine was measured immunoenzymatically in 93 UC patients and 108 healthy subjects, and evaluated with respect to disease status, endoscopic, inflammatory and angiogenic activity. The diagnostic value of midkine was compared to C-reactive protein (CRP) using receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis. Results: Midkine was higher (p (Source: Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine)

Probiotics and remission of ulcerative colitis - a systematic review

Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Specialist Library - Prevention — Fri, 04 Sep 2009 16:27:59 +0100

A structured abstract written by CRD reviewers. The abstract was published on 12 August 2009 from an original article published in 2007. (Source: Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Specialist Library - Prevention)

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Probiotics and remission of ulcerative colitis - a systematic review

Fri, 04 Sep 2009 13:37:04 +0100

Neuroendocrine carcinomas arising in ulcerative colitis: coincidences or possible correlations?

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Fri, 04 Sep 2009 08:42:25 +0100

We report two cases of neoplasms arising in mild left-sided UC with immunohistochemical staining for neuroendocrine markers: a large cell and a small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the rectum. The two patients were different in age (35 years vs 77 years) and disease duration (11 years vs 27 years), and both had never received immunosuppressant drugs. Although the patients underwent regular endoscopic and histological follow-up, the two neoplasms were locally advanced at diagnosis. One of the two patients developed multiple liver metastases and died 15 mo after diagnosis. These findings confirm the aggressiveness and the poor prognosis of NENs compared to colorectal adenocarcinoma. While carcinoids seem to be coincidentally associated with IBD, NENs may also arise in this setting. In fact...

Early aggressive therapy for severe extensive ulcerative colitis.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Fri, 04 Sep 2009 08:42:05 +0100

Authors: Cui DJ The current ulcerative colitis (UC) treatment algorithm involves a step-up therapeutic strategy, mainly aiming at inducing and maintaining its clinical remission. Although this therapeutic strategy may seem to be cost-efficient and reduce the risk of side effects, recent trials and case reports have shown that top-down therapy using infliximab induces a rapid clinical response, enhances patient quality of life, promotes mucosal healing, reduces surgeries and indirect cost of treatment for patients with severe UC. Moreover, since long-term treatment with infliximab is safe and well tolerated, early aggressive top-down therapeutic strategy may be a more effective approach, at least in a subgroup of severe extensive UC patients. PMID: 19725164 [PubMed - in process] (So...

Withdrawal of corticosteroids in inflammatory bowel disease patients after dependency periods ranging from 2 to 45 years: a proposed method

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Thu, 03 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Corticosteroid withdrawal using this protocol had a high success rate and durable effect and was effective in patients with long-standing (up to 45 years) dependency. As symptoms of CWS mimic symptoms of IBD disease flares, gastroenterologists may have difficulty distinguishing them, which may be a contributory factor to the frequency of corticosteroid dependency in IBD patients. (Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

Meta-analysis - the efficacy of azathioprine and mercaptopurine in ulcerative colitis

Thu, 03 Sep 2009 16:43:45 +0100

Published July 2009Bottom-line conclusion: Azathioprine (AZA) is more effective than placebo for the prevention of relapse in ulcerative colitis, with an number needed to treat of 5 and an absolute risk reduction of 23%. AZA and mercaptopurine (MP) map be effective for the induction of remission, but this meta-analysis could not find a statistically significant benefit. (Source: Gastroenterology and Liver Diseases Specialist Library - Inflammatory bowel disease)

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Frequency of single nucleotide polymorphisms in NOD1 gene of Ulcerative colitis patients: a case-control study in the Indian population

BioMed Central — Mon, 31 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: We propose that the location of mutations in the Exon 6 spanning the ATP and Mg2+ binding site of NBD in NOD1 gene may affect the process of oligomerization and subsequent function of the LRR domain. Further studies are been conducted at the protein level to prove this possibility. (Source: BioMed Central)

De novo inflammatory bowel disease after pediatric orthotopic liver transplant: a case report.

Mon, 31 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: De novo inflammatory bowel disease should be considered in patients in whom chronic diarrhea develops after an orthotopic liver transplant. We suggest that colonoscopy and biopsy should always be performed if other causes of diarrhea have been excluded. PMID: 19715523 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Experimental and Clinical Transplantation : official journal of the Middle East Society for Organ Transplantation)

DNA-Bound Lactoferrin Is the Major Target for Antineutrophil Perinuclear Cytoplasmic Antibodies in Ulcerative Colitis

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences — Mon, 31 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Lactoferrin has repeatedly been proposed to be a target for antineutrophil perinuclear cytoplasmic antibodies (P-ANCA), which are present in 67% of ulcerative colitis (UC) cases. However, this high prevalence has not been achieved with either Western blots or monospecific ELISA on the basis of purified lactoferrin bound to the solid phase. We reevaluated autoantibodies against lactoferrin by indirect immunofluorescence (IIF), using a lactoferrin-tuned granulocyte substrate. Slides with ethanol-fixed human granulocytes were stripped of their P-ANCA targets by high-salt treatment and then reconstituted with human lactoferrin (LFR granulocytes). The slides were then subjected to IIF with a panel of sera (39 UC, 10 antimyeloperoxidase-positive vasculitis, 50 healthy blood donors). The human se...

Chemokines as Novel Therapeutic Targets for Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences — Mon, 31 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

The inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) are illness characterized by a chronic clinical course of relapse and remission associated with self-destructive inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. In both UC and CD, leukocyte infiltration into the intestine is fundamental event in disease development and progression where the chemokines and their receptors are orchestrating the tissue-specific and the cell type[ndash]selective trafficking of leukocytes. In this review, we will discuss the homeostatic and inflammatory roles of the chemokines and their receptors with their potentials and promise as molecular targets for therapeutic interventions in human IBD, focusing on the recently identified role of the CX3CL1[ndash]CX3CR1 axis, as we...