MedWorm: Atenolol

TENORMIN (Atenolol) Tablet [AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Jan 24, 2012 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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TENORETIC (Atenolol And Chlorthalidone) Tablet [AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Jan 24, 2012 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

An economic evaluation of antihypertensive therapies based on clinical trials

Clinics — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 00:35:44 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that the traditional treatment is more cost-effective (US$/mm Hg) than the current treatment in the HT1-2 group. There was no difference in cost-effectiveness between the traditional treatment and the current treatment for the HT3 group. (Source: Clinics)

Characterisation of drug interaction between fasitibant chloride (MEN16132), a kinin B2 receptor antagonist, and dexamethasone in inhibiting carrageenan‐induced inflammatory arthritis in rats

British Journal of Pharmacology — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and Implications. Bradykinin‐mediated inflammatory responses to intra‐articular carrageenan were not controlled by steroids, which were not capable of preventing bradykinin effects either by direct activation of the B2 receptor, or through the indirect effects mediated by the release of eicosanoids and cytokines. (Source: British Journal of Pharmacology)

Does Selective Beta 1 Blockade Provide Bone Marrow Protection Following Trauma/Hemorrhagic Shock?

Journal of Surgical Research — Sat, 14 Jan 2012 22:30:00 +0100

Introduction: Severe trauma and its associated hypercatecholemine state lead to bone marrow (BM) dysfunction. Previously, non-selective beta blockade with propranolol demonstrated a dose-dependent protection of the BM which was associated with a decrease in heart rate. As selective beta blockade is commonly used clinically, the aim of this study is to more clearly define the role of the specific beta adrenergic receptors (B1, B2, B3) in BM protection following trauma and hemorrhagic shock. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley Rats (N=4-6/group) underwent unilateral lung contusion (LC) via blast wave percussion followed by hemorrhagic shock (HS) to a mean arterial pressure (MAP) of 30-35mmHg for 45 minutes. Animals were resuscitated with shed blood. Following resuscitation, animals were injected wi...

Assessing the removal of pharmaceuticals and personal care products in a full-scale activated sludge plant.

Environmental Science and Pollution Research International — Fri, 30 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The main removal mechanism of PhACs and musks studied in the WWTP was most often biological (45%), followed by adsorption (33%) and by UV radiation (22%). In the majority of the cases, the WWTP achieved >75% removal of the most detected PhACs and musks, with the exception of diclofenac. PMID: 22207237 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International)

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Sympathetic activation increases basilar arterial blood flow in normotensive but not hypertensive rats.

Am J Physiol Heart C... — Fri, 30 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Chang HH, Lee YC, Chen MF, Kuo JS, Lee TJ Abstract The close apposition between sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve terminals in the adventitia of cerebral arteries provides morphological evidence that sympathetic nerve activation causes parasympathetic nitrergic vasodilation via sympathetic-parasympathetic-interaction mechanism. The decreased parasympathetic nerve terminals in basilar arteries (BA) of spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR) and renovascular hypertensive rats (RHR) comparing to Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY), therefore, would diminish this axo-axonal-interaction-mediated neurogenic vasodilation in hypertension. Increased basilar arterial blood flow (BABF) via axo-axonal interaction during sympathetic activation was, therefore, examined in anesthetized rats by lase...

A Common β1-Adrenergic Receptor Polymorphism Predicts Favorable Response to Rate-Control Therapy in Atrial Fibrillation

Journal of the American College of Cardiology — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 02:25:47 +0100

Conclusions: We have identified a common β1-AR polymorphism, G389R, that is associated with adequate response to rate-control therapy in AF patients. Gly389 is a loss-of-function variant; consequently, for the same adrenergic stimulation, it produces reduced levels of adenyl cyclase, and hence, attenuates the β-adrenergic cascade. Mechanistically, the effect of rate-control drugs will be synergistic with that of the Gly389 variant, which could possibly explain our findings. These findings represent a step forward in the development of a long-term strategy of selecting treatment options in AF based on genotype. (Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology)

Emerging pollutants in sewage, surface and drinking water in Galicia (NW Spain).

Chemosphere — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

This study covered a series of emerging pollutants of different classes, including pharmaceuticals, neutral and acidic organophosphorus flame retardant/plasticizers (OPs), triclosan, phenoxy-herbicides, insect repellents and UV filters. From the total set of 53 compounds, 19 were found in raw wastewater with median concentrations higher than 0.1μgL(-1). Among them, salicylic acid, ibuprofen and the UV filter benzophenone-4 (BP-4) were the most concentrated, exceeding the 1μgL(-1) median value. Subsequently, 11 of these contaminants are not efficiently enough removed in the small WWTPs tested and their median concentrations in effluents still surpassed the 0.1μgL(-1), so that they can spread through surface water. These chemicals are the pharmaceuticals naproxen, diclofenac and atenolol;...

Attenuation of hypertension-mediated glomerulosclerosis in conjunction with increased angiotensin (1-7)

Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease — Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: While control of blood pressure remains a critical factor in the prevention of hypertensive nephropathy, Ang (1–7) may play a substantial role in preventing the structural changes in glomerulus through its effect on regulations of blood pressure and renal function. (Source: Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease)

Tagging SNPs in REN, AGTR1 and AGTR2 genes and response of renin activity, angiotensin II and aldosterone concentrations to antihypertensive treatment in Kazakans

Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: rs2887284 in intron 9 of REN is associated with the response of renin and angiotensin II levels to ACEI treatment. (Source: Journal of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System : JRAAS)

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In Vitro Permeation of Mesembrine Alkaloids from Sceletium tortuosum across Porcine Buccal, Sublingual, and Intestinal Mucosa

Planta Medica — Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

This study evaluated the in vitro permeability of the four major S. tortuosum alkaloids (i.e., mesembrine, mesembrenone, mesembrenol, and mesembranol) across porcine intestinal, sublingual, and buccal tissues in their pure form and in the form of three different crude plant extracts, namely water, methanol, and an acid-base alkaloid-enriched extract. The permeability of mesembrine across intestinal tissue was higher than that of the highly permeable reference compound caffeine (which served as a positive control for membrane permeability) both in its pure form, as well as in the form of crude extracts. The intestinal permeability of mesembranol was similar to that of caffeine, while those of mesembrenol and mesembrenone were lower than that of caffeine, but much higher than that of the poo...

Blood Pressure Responses and Metabolic Effects of Hydrochlorothiazide and Atenolol.

American Journal of Hypertension — Thu, 17 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsBP response correlated with changes in UA following HCTZ therapy and HDL following atenolol therapy. No other significant correlations were observed between BP response and AMEs, suggesting that these effects generally do not share predictors. Patients should be monitored for AMEs, regardless of BP response. PMID: 22089105 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Hypertension)

Differential Effect of β‐Blockers for Heart Rate Control in Coronary Artery Disease

Clinical Cardiology — Mon, 14 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions:RHR is poorly controlled in CAD patients, and although BBs are the most efficient therapy, in daily clinical practice RHR <70 bpm is only independently associated with atenolol, bisoprolol, or metoprolol. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.The TRECE registry has an unrestricted grant from Servier Laboratories, Spain. The authors have no other funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose. (Source: Clinical Cardiology)

β‐Blockade: Benefits Beyond Blood Pressure Reduction?

The Journal of Clinical Hypertension — Fri, 11 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Hypertension is a major cardiovascular (CV) risk factor, but several other common conditions, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), osteoporosis, and peripheral arterial disease (PAD), have been shown to independently increase the risk of CV events and death. The physiological basis for an increased CV risk in those conditions probably lies in the augmentations of oxidative stress, endothelial dysfunction, systemic inflammation, and arterial stiffness, which all are also hallmarks of hypertension. β‐Blockers have been used for the treatment of hypertension for more than 40 years, but a number of meta‐analyses have demonstrated that treatment with these agents may be associated with an increased risk of CV events and mortality. However, the majority of primary preve...

Field AND Action Potential recordings in Heart Slices: Correlation with Established in vitro and in vivo Models

British Journal of Pharmacology — Thu, 10 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion and implications: FP/AP recordings from guinea pig and rabbit heart slices are affected by selected antiarrhythmics in a similar manner as in established in vitro and in vivo models. This pharmacological correlation and thus predictability of effects might render heart slice preparations advantageous, because of their potential of enhanced throughput and opportunity to reduce use of laboratory animals. (Source: British Journal of Pharmacology)

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Carvedilol Reduces Aortic Wave Reflection and Improves Left Ventricular/Vascular Coupling: A Comparison With Atenolol (CENTRAL Study)

The Journal of Clinical Hypertension — Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Blood pressure (BP) characteristics, such as central aortic pressure and arterial stiffness, independently predict cardiovascular events. The effects of pharmacologically dissimilar β‐blockers on these properties have not been fully elucidated. Patients with essential hypertension and without significant concomitant cardiovascular disease were randomly assigned to controlled‐release carvedilol, force‐titrated to 80 mg (n=22), or atenolol, force‐titrated to 100 mg (n=19); each was given once daily for 4 weeks. Baseline characteristics were similar. At the end of week 4, atenolol and carvedilol reduced central and brachial systolic and diastolic BP to a similar extent. Central augmentation index was increased in atenolol‐treated patients but not carvedilol‐treated patients...

Evidence-based guideline update: Treatment of essential tremor: Report of the Quality Standards Subcommittee of the American Academy of Neurology

Neurology — Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and recommendations for the use of propranolol, primidone (Level A, established as effective); alprazolam, atenolol, gabapentin (monotherapy), sotalol, topiramate (Level B, probably effective); nadolol, nimodipine, clonazepam, botulinum toxin A, deep brain stimulation, thalamotomy (Level C, possibly effective); and gamma knife thalamotomy (Level U, insufficient evidence) are unchanged from the previous guideline. Changes to conclusions and recommendations from the previous guideline include the following: 1) levetiracetam and 3,4-diaminopyridine probably do not reduce limb tremor in ET and should not be considered (Level B); 2) flunarizine possibly has no effect in treating limb tremor in ET and may not be considered (Level C); and 3) there is insufficient evidence to support o...

Effects of preoperative oral beta blocker versus intraoperative nitroprusside or esmolol on quality of surgical field during tympanoplasty

Journal of Clinical Anesthesia — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Although the three drugs are acceptable for obtaining an optimum surgical field, preoperative oral beta blocker appeared to be rapid in onset and was simpler to implement. (Source: Journal of Clinical Anesthesia)

ATENOLOL AND CHLORTHALIDONEtablet [Major Pharmaceutical]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Fri, 21 Oct 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Oct 21, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

ATENOLOL AND CHLORTHALIDONEtablet [Mutual Pharmaceutical Company, Inc.]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Fri, 21 Oct 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Oct 21, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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Effects of Antihypertensive Drugs on Specific Harmonic Indices of the Pulse Waveform in Normotensive Wistar Kyoto Rats.

Clinical and Experimental Hypertension — Tue, 18 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Wang SH, Jan MY, Wang WK, Lin Wang YY Abstract We used a self-comparison method and harmonic analysis to compare the blood pressure wave before and after the injection of antihypertensive drugs (atenolol, captopril, and losartan) in normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures decreased significantly after the intraperitoneal injection of drugs. Atenolol significantly reduced all the harmonic proportions of the pulse wave, while captopril and losartan significantly increased the first and fourth harmonic proportions. These findings are the same as those reported for human subjects and confirm that harmonic analysis of the pressure pulse is a useful method to study the efficacy of antihypertensive drugs. PMID: 22007621 [PubMed - as supplied by ...

Venlafaxine and atenolol disrupt epinephrine-stimulated glucose production in rainbow trout hepatocytes.

Aquatic Toxicology — Sat, 15 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ings JS, George N, Peter MC, Servos MR, Vijayan MM Abstract The beta-blocker atenolol (ATEN), and the selective serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, venlafaxine (VEN) are found in municipal wastewater effluents, but little is known about the effect of these pharmaceuticals on aquatic animals. We tested the hypothesis that VEN and ATEN disrupt acute stress mediated glucose production in fish liver. To this end, rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) hepatocytes were exposed in vitro to different concentrations (0, 0.1, 10, 1000nM) of VEN or ATEN and glucose production in response to either cortisol or epinephrine (two key stress hormones) was ascertained. Both VEN and ATEN did not affect either the unstimulated or cortisol (100ng/mL)-stimulated glucose release over...

Comparative pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of tablet, suspension and paste formulations of atenolol in cats

Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Tue, 11 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, there were no significant differences (P > 0.05) in any of the pharmacokinetic parameters or pharmacodynamic profiles of the paste and suspension compared to the commercially available tablet. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

Metyrapone and fluoxetine suppress enduring behavioral but not cardiac effects of subchronic stress in rats

AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology — Thu, 06 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In humans, chronic stressors have long been recognized as potential causes for cardiac dysregulation. Despite this, the underlying mechanistic links responsible for this association are still poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to determine whether exposure to a paradigm of subchronic stress can provoke enduring changes on the heart rate of experimental rats and, if so, to reveal the autonomic and neural mechanisms that mediate these effects. The study was conducted on adult male Sprague-Dawley rats instrumented for telemetric recording of heart rate and locomotor activity. Animals were submitted to a subchronic stress protocol, consisting of a 1-h foot shock session on five consecutive days. Heart rate and locomotor activity were recorded continuously for 3 days before and fo...

ATENOLOL (Atenolol) Tablet [Med Health Pharma, LLC]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Sep 30, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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ATENOLOL (Atenolol) Tablet [Med-Health Pharma, LLC]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Tue, 27 Sep 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Sep 27, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

Enhanced catecholamine release in mice expressing PKB/SGK-resistant GSK3.

Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology — Fri, 16 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Siraskar B, Völkl J, Ahmed MS, Hierlmeier M, Gu S, Schmid E, Leibrock C, Föller M, Lang UE, Lang F Abstract Glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) plays a decisive role in the regulation of multiple functions. GSK3 is phosphorylated and its activity inhibited by protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) and serum and glucocorticoid inducible kinase (SGK) isoforms, which are in turn activated by growth factors through phosphoinositide (PI) 3 kinase signaling. PI3/PKB/Akt/SGK-dependent inhibition of GSK3 is disrupted in gene-targeted knockin mice with mutated and thus PKB/SGK-resistant GSK3α,ß (gsk3 ( KI )) where the serine of the PKB/SGK phosphorylation site has been replaced by alanine. Recent experiments revealed that blood pressure is significantly higher in those mice than in wild type...

ATENOLOL (Atenolol) Tablet [St Marys Medical Park Pharmacy]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Thu, 08 Sep 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Sep 8, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

A method for content uniformity determination of atenolol and losartan potassium in combined tablet dosage form

Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences — Wed, 07 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

SA Shah, RB Vyas, BA Vyas, NR Maniyar, RS Chauhan, DR ShahIndian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 2010 72(6):792-794A simple, accurate, rapid, specific and reproducible UV spectrophotometric method was developed for estimation of content uniformity of atenolol and losartan potassium in its combined tablet dosage form. The method involves formation and solving the simultaneous equation using 226.4 and 254 nm as two wavelengths for atenolol and losartan, respectively. Developed method was employed to determine the atenolol and losartan content in ten individual tablet units of five market formulations. Methanol was used as solvent. The method was validated. From the results, it was concluded that all brands are within the content uniformity limit, 85-115%. (Source: Indian Journal of...

Should β Blockers No Longer Be Considered First-line Therapy for the Treatment of Essential Hypertension Without Comorbidities?

Current Cardiology Reports — Tue, 06 Sep 2011 15:51:01 +0100

Abstract Although most guidelines committees historically recommended initial diuretics and/or β blockers for uncomplicated hypertension, clinical trial outcomes analyzed in the last 5 to 7 years have been suboptimal with atenolol, the world’s most popular β blocker. Several meta-analyses have suggested that despite lowering blood pressure, any and all β blockers inadequately protect hypertensive patients from cardiovascular events. These phenomena have been attributed to ineffective lowering of central aortic or inter-visit blood pressures, or adverse metabolic effects (particularly when combined with diuretics). Although there has never been a head-to-head comparison of atenolol with any other β blocker in hypertensive patients, indirect comparisons can be done...

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TENORETIC (Atenolol And Chlorthalidone) Tablet [AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Thu, 25 Aug 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Aug 25, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

Increased oxidative stress, the renin-angiotensin system, and sympathetic overactivation induce hypertension in kidney androgen-regulated protein transgenic mice.

Free Radical Biology and Medicine — Thu, 25 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In this report, we observed that plasma levels of angiotensin II and catecholamines were increased in KAP Tg mice, compared with wild-type animals. Systemic administration of Tempol, a membrane-permeative superoxide dismutase mimetic, reduced arterial pressure as well as urinary excretion of oxidative stress markers and reduced both angiotensin II and norepinephrine plasma levels in KAP Tg mice. Intracerebroventricular administration of Tempol also reduced arterial pressure in Tg mice. Moreover, administration of apocynin and DPI, inhibitors of NADPH oxidase, a major source of ROS, also reduced arterial pressure and both angiotensin II and norepinephrine plasma levels in Tg mice. Thus, we analyzed the involvement of the RAS and sympathetic nervous system in KAP Tg mouse hypertension. Both ...

TENORMIN (Atenolol) Tablet [AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Wed, 24 Aug 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Aug 24, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

A Novel Atenolol Sensor Based on Polypyrrole Electrode and Using Differential Pulse Voltammetry

Sensor Letters — Mon, 22 Aug 2011 07:58:05 +0100

(Source: Sensor Letters)

Determination of atenolol in human urine by emission-excitation fluorescence matrices and unfolded partial least-squares with residual bilinearization.

Talanta — Thu, 04 Aug 2011 16:05:16 +0100

Authors: Damiani PC A second-order multivariate calibration method based on a combination of unfolded partial least-squares (U-PLS) with residual bilinearization (RBL) has been applied to second-order data obtained from excitation-emission fluorescence matrices for determining atenolol in human urine, even in the presence of background interactions and fluorescence inner filter effects, which are both sample dependent. Atenolol is a cardioselective beta-blocker, which is considered a doping agent in shoot practice, so that its determination in urine can be required for monitoring the drug. Loss of trilinearity due to analyte-background interactions which may vary between samples, as well as inner filter effects, precludes the use of methods like parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) that ...

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Improving adherence using combination therapy (IMPACT): Design and protocol of a randomised controlled trial in primary care

Contemporary Clinical Trials — Thu, 28 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death, and principal reason for the large difference in life expectancy between indigenous Māori and the non-indigenous population in New Zealand. CVD guidelines recommend that people who are at high risk or who have had previous CVD should be offered aspirin, blood pressure lowering and lipid lowering therapies. However, prescribing and adherence rates are low and CVD events remain high.Aim: To assess whether a medication strategy using a fixed dose combination pill (‘polypill’) could improve prescribing and adherence to recommended medications, lower blood pressure and improve lipids compared with current care over 12months.Methods: IMProving Adherence using Combination Therapy (IMPACT) is an open-label rando...

Simultaneous analysis of six cardiovascular drugs by capillary electrophoresis coupled with electrochemical and electrochemiluminescence detection, using a chemometrical optimization approach

Electrophoresis — Tue, 26 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractCE coupled with dual electrochemical (EC) and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection was optimized for simultaneous analysis of six cardiovascular drugs (alprenolol, propafenone, acebutolol, verapamil, atenolol and metoprolol) via central composite design. Following this study, three critical electrophoretic factors governing the CE separation were investigated: Tris‐H3PO4 buffer concentration, buffer pH value and separation voltage. A modified chromatographic response was adopted for evaluating CE separation quality. Optimum conditions were achieved using Tris‐H3PO4 buffer 35.6 mM (pH 2.3) separated at 13.9 kV, which was employed experimentally and led to the successful simultaneous separation of the above six drugs. The good agreement of the chromatographic response was...

Metyrapone and fluoxetine suppress enduring behavioural but not cardiac effects of sub-chronic stress in rats.

Tue, 26 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

METYRAPONE AND FLUOXETINE SUPPRESS ENDURING BEHAVIOURAL BUT NOT CARDIAC EFFECTS OF SUB-CHRONIC STRESS IN RATS. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol. 2011 Jul 27; Authors: Carnevali L, Bondarenko E, Sgoifo A, Walker FR, Head GA, Lukoshkova EV, Day TA, Nalivaiko E In humans, chronic stressors have long been recognized as potential causes for cardiac dysregulation. Despite this, the underlying mechanistic links responsible for this association are still poorly understood. The purpose of this study was to determine whether exposure to a paradigm of sub-chronic stress can provoke enduring changes in the heart rate of experimental rats and, if so, to reveal the autonomic and neural mechanisms that mediate these effects. The study was conducted on adult male Sprague-Dawley rats inst...

Atenolol/hydrochlorothiazide/losartan: Erectile dysfunction: 2 case reports

Reactions — Sun, 24 Jul 2011 19:59:43 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Comparison of nebivolol and atenolol on blood pressure, blood sugar, and lipid profile in patients of essential hypertension

Indian Journal of Pharmacology — Thu, 21 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In view of metabolic adverse effects of atenolol, nebivolol is the better choice whenever β-blockers have to be used in essential hypertension. (Source: Indian Journal of Pharmacology)

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The Effect of Atenolol on NT‐proBNP and Troponin in Asymptomatic Cats with Severe Left Ventricular Hypertrophy because of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Pilot Study

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Thu, 21 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Atenolol administration did not decrease NT‐proBNP or cTnI concentrations in cats with severe left ventricular hypertrophy caused by hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. These results suggest that atenolol did not decrease myocardial ischemia and myocyte death in these cats. A larger clinical trial is warranted to verify these findings. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

Atenolol: A promising alternative to propranolol for the treatment of hemangiomas

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology — Sat, 16 Jul 2011 16:19:54 +0100

We present the preliminary results of the first patients treated with atenolol for IH. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology)

ATENOLOL (Atenolol) Tablet [Preferred Pharmaceuticals, Inc]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Wed, 06 Jul 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Jul 6, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

Tetralogy of Fallot in a Young Ferret (Mustela putorius furo)

Journal of Exotic Pet Medicine — Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract: A 17-month-old albino, castrated male domestic ferret (Mustela putorius furo) was presented for evaluation of a heart murmur. The murmur was first auscultated when the ferret was 12 weeks of age, coinciding with its first known evaluation by a veterinarian. At the time of diagnosis, the ferret was reported to have mild exercise intolerance. The clinical findings on the ferret were within normal limits other than a right parasternal systolic murmur (grade 4/6) that radiated to the left parasternal region. The ferret was not receiving any medications. All 4 features of tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) were identified with echocardiography. Thoracic radiographs were suggestive of TOF with mild right-sided enlargement of the cardiac silhouette and small pulmonary vasculature. A serum bioche...

Evaluation of clarithromycin lactobionate as a novel chiral selector for enantiomeric separation of basic drugs in capillary electrophoresis

Electrophoresis — Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In this study, clarithromycin lactobionate (CL), belonging to the group of macrolide antibiotics, was first investigated for its potential as a novel chiral selector in CE for enantiomeric separation of several basic drugs. As observed, CL allowed excellent separation of the enantiomers of metoprolol, atenolol, propranolol, bisoprolol, esmolol, ritodrine, and amlodipine, as well as partial enantioresolution of labetalol and nefopam. In addition, CL possesses advantages such as high solubility and low viscosity in the solvent and very weak UV absorption. In the course of this study, it was found that both migration times and enantioseparation of the basic drugs were influenced by several experimental parameters, e.g. selector concentration, the composition and pH of the BGE, the type and co...

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Beta Blockers and Breast Cancer Mortality: A Population- Based Study [Breast Cancer]

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Tue, 28 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion The results provide evidence in humans to support preclinical observations suggesting that inhibiting the β2-adrenergic signaling pathway can reduce breast cancer progression and mortality. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

The effect of cardiac sympathetic denervation through bilateral stellate ganglionectomy on electrical properties of the heart

AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology — Tue, 28 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

The objective of this study was to detect the electrophysiological property changes due to 8 days of cardiac sympathetic denervation and investigate the possible mechanisms underlying these changes using a more cardiac-specific bilateral stellate ganglionectomy (SGX) rat model. High-resolution optical mapping using a voltage-sensitive dye was performed in isolated Langendorff-perfused sham and SGX hearts, which were paced at progressively reduced basic cycle lengths under several different conditions: control, pretreatment with isoproterenol, and administration of atenolol and esmolol. Several electrophysiological parameters were recorded during periodic pacing and ventricular fibrillation (VF). Our results demonstrate that cardiac sympathetic denervation by bilateral SGX shortens action p...

ATENOLOL AND CHLORTHALIDONEtablet [Preferred Pharmaceuticals, Inc]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Mon, 27 Jun 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Jun 27, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

β1-noradrenergic system of the central amygdala is involved in state-dependent memory induced by a cannabinoid agonist, WIN55,212-2, in rat.

Behavioural Brain Research — Thu, 16 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

This study used a step-through inhibitory avoidance task to assess memory in male Wistar rats. The results showed that post-training intra-CeA administrations of different doses of WIN55,212-2 (0.01, 0.05, 0.1 and 0.25μg/rat) decreased memory as revealed by a decrease in memory retrieval on the test day. The decrease in retrieval induced by post-training WIN55,212-2 (0.25μg/rat) was reversed by pre-test administration of the same dose of the drug, which was suggestive of drug-induced state-dependent memory. Although pre-test intra-CeA administrations of isoprenaline (0.01, 0.025 and 0.05μg/rat) alone had no effect, its co-administrations at doses of 0.025 and 0.05μg/rat with an ineffective dose of WIN55,212-2 (0.1μg/rat) restored memory retrieval that impaired by post-training WIN55,2...

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The Enhanced Effect of Atenolol on Hypertension in Metabolic Syndrome

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders — Tue, 07 Jun 2011 03:03:04 +0100

Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders , Vol. 0, No. 0. (Source: Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders)

Efficacy of Sevikar® compared to the combination of perindopril plus amlodipine on central arterial blood pressure in patients with moderate-to-severe hypertension: Rationale and design of the SEVITENSION study

Contemporary Clinical Trials — Wed, 01 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Background and rationale: To date, few studies have investigated the effects of combined renin-angiotensin system blockade/calcium channel blockade on central aortic blood pressure. The Conduit Artery Function Evaluation (CAFE) sub-study of the Anglo-Scandinavian Cardiac Outcomes Trial (ASCOT) investigated the effects of amlodipine/perindopril and atenolol/bendroflumethiazide on central aortic blood pressure (CABP). Similar brachial blood pressure levels were achieved; however, there was a significant difference, in favor of the amlodipine/perindopril combination, on the effects of CABP. No study has investigated the effects of a combination of an angiotensin receptor blocker/calcium channel blocker compared to those of a calcium channel blocker/angiotensin-converting enzyme inhi...

Monitoring of β-blockers ozone degradation via electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society — Sat, 21 May 2011 02:43:41 +0100

The structures of intermediate products of ozone degradation of different pharmaceutical compounds have been studied. Under the conditions employed, complete ozone degradation of nadolol was achieved after 100 min. The degradation products obtained in aqueous solution were characterized by electrospray ionization mass (and tandem mass) spectrometry (ESI-MS and ESI-MS/MS). The proposed mechanism for degradation, ozone attacks at the aniline amino group giving rise to nitro compounds and further degradation occurs via a series of oxidative processes. Continuous online monitoring by ESI-MS(/MS) with high accuracy mass measurements showed that ozone degradation of atenolol (ATE) and acebutolol (ACE) occurs via mechanisms similar to that of nadololAs estruturas dos produtos de degradação medi...

Microdosing Clinical Study: Pharmacokinetic, Pharmacogenomic (SLCO2B1), and Interaction (Grapefruit Juice) Profiles of Celiprolol Following the Oral Microdose and Therapeutic Dose.

The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology — Tue, 17 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ieiri I, Doi Y, Maeda K, Sasaki T, Kimura M, Hirota T, Chiyoda T, Miyagawa M, Irie S, Iwasaki K, Sugiyama Y The authors evaluated the contribution of the SLCO2B1 polymorphism to the pharmacokinetics of celiprolol at a microdose (MD) and therapeutic dose (TD) and compared pharmacokinetic proportionality between the 2 dose forms in 30 SLCO2B1 genotype-matched healthy volunteers. Three drugs (celiprolol, fexofenadine, and atenolol) were orally administered as a cassette dosing following the MD (totally 97.5 μg) and then a TD (100 mg) of celiprolol, with and without grapefruit juice. The mean AUC(0-24) of celiprolol was lower in SLCO2B1*3/*3 individuals (775 ng·h/mL) than in *1/*3 (1097 ng·h/mL) and *1/*1 (1547 ng·h/mL) individuals following the TD, and this was confirmed in p...

Secondary Preventive Effects of a Calcium Antagonist for Ischemic Heart Attack.

Circulation Journal — Mon, 16 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: CCA treatment was found to be as effective as BB in reducing cardiovascular events in post-MI patients. PMID: 21576828 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Circulation Journal)

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Modulation of myocardial stiffness by beta-adrenergic stimulation - its role in normal and failing heart.

Physiological Research — Sun, 15 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Falcao-Pires I, Fontes-Sousa AP, Lopes-Conceiçao L, Brás-Silva C, Leite-Moreira AF The acute effects of beta-adrenergic stimulation on myocardial stiffness were evaluated. New-Zealand white rabbits were treated with saline (control group) or doxorubicin to induce heart failure (HF) (DOX-HF group). Effects of isoprenaline (10(-10)-10(-5) M), a non-selective beta-adrenergic agonist, were tested in papillary muscles from both groups. In the control group, the effects of isoprenaline were also evaluated in the presence of a damaged endocardial endothelium, atenolol (beta(1)-adrenoceptor antagonist), ICI-118551 (beta(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist), KT-5720 (PKA inhibitor), L-NNA (NO-synthase inhibitor), or indomethacin (cyclooxygenase inhibitor). Passive length-tension relations wer...

Behavior of Pharmaceuticals in Waste Water Treatment Plant in Japan.

Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology — Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Matsuo H, Sakamoto H, Arizono K, Shinohara R The fate of pharmaceuticals in a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in Kumamoto, Japan with activated sludge treatment is reported. Selected pharmaceuticals were detected in influent. Results from the present study confirmed that Acetaminophen, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin and Famotidine were removed at a high rate (>90% efficiency). In contrast, removal efficiency of Ketoprofen, Losartan, Oseltamivir, Carbamazepine, and Diclofenac was relatively low (<50%). The selected pharmaceuticals were also detected in raw sludge. In digestive process, Indomethacin, Atenolol, Famotidine, Trimethoprim and Cyclofosamide were removed at a high (>70% efficiency). On the other hand, removal of Carbamazepine, Ketoprofen and Diclofenac was not eff...

(1) H and (13) C NMR characteristics of β-blockers.

Magnetic Resonance in Chemistry : MRC — Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Zielińska-Pisklak MA, Pisklak DM, Wawer I The β-blockers are important drugs and decades of clinical experience proved their high medical status. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is no complete assignment of (1) H and (13) C NMR resonances of popular representatives: acebutolol, alpenolol, pindolol, timolol and propranolol and the published NMR data on carvedilol and atenolol are incorrect. Therefore, (1) H and (13) C NMR spectroscopy was applied for the characterization of a series of β-adrenolytics: carvedilol (1), pindolol (2), alprenolol (3), acebutolol (4), atenolol (5), propranolol (6) and timolol (7). Two-dimensional NMR experiments (COSY, HMQC, HMBC, NOESY) allowed the unequivocal assignment of (1) H and (13) C spectra for solution (DMSO-d(6) ). Salts an...

Dose Administration Aids: Pharmacists’ Role in Improving Patient Care

Australasian Medical Journal - AMJ — Wed, 27 Apr 2011 10:20:59 +0100

Dose administration aid (DAA) usage has become increasingly prevalent among populations worldwide and as such has become an important part of pharmacy practice. The evidence for the use of these aids has been favourable in Australia resulting in 2006 in a community based DAA program being considered by the Professional Programs and Services Advisory Committee and the first phase of this program implemented in October 2007. The program was established under the Better Community Health Initiative of the 4th Community Pharmacy Agreement with the Government. The aim of this program is to reduce medication-related hospitalizations and adverse events through improved medication management and adherence for people in the community. The most common patient groups that access this service include t...

Effects of catecholamines on hepatic and skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration after prolonged exposure to faecal peritonitis in pigs.

Innate Immunity — Tue, 26 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Vuda M, Brander L, Schröeder R, Jakob SM, Takala J, Djafarzadeh S Use of norepinephrine to increase blood pressure in septic animals has been associated with increased efficiency of hepatic mitochondrial respiration. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the same effect could be reproduced in isolated hepatic mitochondria after prolonged in vivo exposure to faecal peritonitis. Eighteen pigs were randomized to 27 h of faecal peritonitis and to a control condition (n = 9 each group). At the end, hepatic mitochondria were isolated and incubated for one hour with either norepinephrine or placebo, with and without pretreatment with the specific receptor antagonists prazosin and yohimbine. Mitochondrial state 3 and state 4 respiration were measured for respiratory chain com...

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The effect of cardiac sympathetic denervation through bilateral stellate ganglionectomy on electrical properties of the heart.

American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology — Thu, 14 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

The objective of this study is to detect the electrophysiological property changes due to 8 days cardiac sympathetic denervation and investigate the possible mechanisms underlying these changes using a more cardiac-specific bilateral stellate ganglionectomy (SGX) rat model. High-resolution optical mapping using a voltage sensitive dye was performed in isolated Langendorff-perfused Sham and SGX hearts, which were paced at progressively reduced basic cycle lengths under several different conditions: control, pretreatment with isoproterenol, administration of atenolol and esmolol. Several electrophysiological parameters were recorded during periodic pacing and ventricular fibrillation (VF). Our results demonstrate that cardiac sympathetic denervation by bilateral SGX shortens action potential...

Maternal defense is modulated by beta adrenergic receptors in lateral septum in mice.

Behavioral Neuroscience — Sun, 10 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In this study using a strain of mice selected for maternal defense, we examined whether possible changes in NE signaling in the lateral septum (LS) could facilitate expression of maternal aggression. In separate studies that utilized a repeated measures design, mice were tested for maternal defense following intra-LS injections of either the β-adrenergic receptor agonist isoproterenol (10 μg or 30 μg) or vehicle (Experiment 1), the β-adrenergic receptor antagonist propranolol (2 μg) or vehicle (Experiment 2), or the β1-receptor antagonist, atenolol (Experiment 3). Mice were also evaluated for light–dark performance and pup retrieval. Thirty micrograms of the agonist isoproterenol significantly decreased number of attacks and time aggressive relative to vehicle without affecting pup...

Serial assessment of the electrocardiographic strain pattern for prediction of new-onset heart failure during antihypertensive treatment: the LIFE study

European Journal of Heart Failure — Thu, 24 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion The development of new ECG strain or persistence of ECG strain between baseline and year-1 is associated with an increased risk of HF. The regression of ECG strain between baseline and year-1 does not convey a decreased risk of HF. Clinical trials registration: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00338260. (Source: European Journal of Heart Failure)

Evaluation of the content of Atenolol tablets divided with a knife and homemade machine cutter

Acta Paulista de Enfermagem — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 20:19:20 +0100

CONCLUSION: The results indicated a greater dispersion than would be acceptable to guarantee a uniform dose received at each drug administration, regardless of the way the division was performed, either by phone or homemade knife cutter pills.OBJETIVO: Evaluar si la proporción de Atenolol en fragmentos de comprimidos en las dosis de 100 mg, 50 mg y 25 mg partidos en dos y cuatro partes con la ayuda de un cuchillo casero y de un cortador de comprimidos es diferente en función al modo cómo se realiza la división. MÉTODOS: Los comprimidos enteros fueron divididos con un cuchillo casero y con un cortador de comprimidos, siendo determinadas las proporciones de Atenolol en todos los fragmentos. RESULTADOS: No hubo diferencia significativa entre las proporciones obtenidas, después de la div...

Comparison of the Effects of Ivabradine and Atenolol on Heart Rate and Echocardiographic Variables of Left Heart Function in Healthy Cats

Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine — Mon, 21 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions and Clinical Importance: Ivabradine is not inferior to atenolol with regard to effects on HR, RPP, LV function, left atrial performance, and clinical tolerance. Clinical studies in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy are needed to validate these findings. (Source: Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine)

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Cytotoxicity assessment of four pharmaceutical compounds on the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) haemocytes, gill and digestive gland primary cell cultures.

Chemosphere — Fri, 18 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

This study was aimed to investigate the in vitro cytotoxicity of four common drugs, namely atenolol (ATL), carbamazepine (CBZ), diclofenac (DCF) and gemfibrozil (GEM), on three different cell typologies from the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha): haemocytes, gill and digestive gland cells. Results obtained by the Trypan blue exclusion test revealed that exposure to increasing concentrations (0.001; 0.01; 0.1; 1 and 10mgL(-1)) of CBZ, DCF and GEM were able to significantly decrease the viability of each cell type, while the MTT (3(4,5-dimethyl-2thiazholyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide) reduction assay highlighted only a slight reduction of mitochondrial activity of gill and digestive gland cells. Overall, DCF was the most cytotoxic drug for zebra mussel cells, followed by GEM, CBZ,...

Central and peripheral mechanisms underlying gastric distention inhibitory reflex responses in hypercapnic-acidotic rats

AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology — Wed, 02 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

We have observed that in chloralose-anesthetized animals, gastric distension (GD) typically increases blood pressure (BP) under normoxic normocapnic conditions. However, we recently noted repeatable decreases in BP and heart rate (HR) in hypercapnic-acidotic rats in response to GD. The neural pathways, central processing, and autonomic effector mechanisms involved in this cardiovascular reflex response are unknown. We hypothesized that GD-induced decrease in BP and HR reflex responses are mediated during both withdrawal of sympathetic tone and increased parasympathetic activity, involving the rostral (rVLM) and caudal ventrolateral medulla (cVLM) and the nucleus ambiguus (NA). Rats anesthetized with ketamine and xylazine or α-chloralose were ventilated and monitored for HR and BP cha...

Solid-phase treatment with the fungus Trametes versicolor substantially reduces pharmaceutical concentrations and toxicity from sewage sludge.

Bioresource Technology — Wed, 02 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Rodríguez-Rodríguez CE, Jelić A, Llorca M, Farré M, Caminal G, Petrović M, Barceló D, Vicent T For safe biosolid-land-applying, sludge should be contaminant-free. However, it may contain important amounts of micropollutants, not removed in the wastewater-treatment-processes. An alternative treatment with the fungus Trametes versicolor was applied in sterile solid-phase systems consisting of sludge and a lignocellulosic substrate. Fungal colonization and activity were demonstrated during the process, according to monitoring of ergosterol, laccase activity and the naproxen-degradation test (ND24). Fourteen out of 43 analyzed pharmaceuticals were found in the raw sludge. After treatment, phenazone, bezafibrate, fenofibrate, cimetidine, clarithromycin, sulfamethazine and ate...

Pancreatoduodenectomy as a source of human small intestine for Ussing chamber investigations and comparative studies with rat tissue

Biopharmaceutics and Drug Disposition — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

This study therefore aimed to assess the viability and integrity of tissue from patients undergoing pancreatoduodenectomy, for use in cross‐species Ussing chamber studies. Electrical parameters (potential difference, mV; short‐circuit current, µA.cm−2; resistance, Ω.cm2) were monitored over the duration of each experiment, as was the permeability of the paracellular marker atenolol. The permeability values (Papp; cm/s × 10−6) for a training‐set of compounds, displaying a broad range of physicochemical properties and known human fraction absorbed values, were determined in both rat and human jejunum, as well as Caco‐2 cell monolayers. The results indicate that human jejunum sourced from pancreatoduodenectomy remained viable and intact for the duration of experiments. Permeabi...

β‐adrenergic blockade attenuates cardiac dysfunction and myofibrillar remodelling in congestive heart failure

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractAlthough β‐adrenoceptor (β‐AR) blockade is an important mode of therapy for congestive heart failure (CHF), subcellular mechanisms associated with its beneficial effects are not clear. Three weeks after inducing myocardial infarction (MI), rats were treated daily with or without 20 and 75 mg/kg atenolol, a selective β1‐AR antagonist, or propranolol, a non‐selective β‐AR antagonist, for 5 weeks. Sham operated rats served as controls. All animals were assessed haemodynamically and echocardiographically and the left ventricle (LV) was processed for the determination of myofibrillar ATPase activity, α‐ and β‐myosin heavy chain (MHC) isoforms and gene expression as well as cardiac troponin I (cTnI) phosphorylation. Both atenolol and propranolol at 20 and 75 mg/kg dos...

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Population-Based Analysis of Class Effect of β Blockers in Heart Failure

The American Journal of Cardiology — Fri, 25 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

The long-term use of β blockers has been shown to improve the outcomes of patients with heart failure (HF). However, it is still disputed whether this is a class effect, and, specifically, whether carvedilol or bisoprolol are superior to metoprolol. The present study was a comparative effectiveness study of β blockers for patients with HF in a population-based setting. We conducted an observational cohort study using the Quebec administrative databases to identify patients with HF who were prescribed a β blocker after the diagnosis of HF. We used descriptive statistics to characterize the patients by the type of β blocker prescribed at discharge. The unadjusted mortality for users of each β blocker was calculated using Kaplan-Meier curves and compared using the log-rank test. To accou...

Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Anti-Hypertensive Agents: Influence on Interleukin-1β Secretion by Peripheral Blood Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes from Patients with Essential Hypertension.

Clinical and Experimental Hypertension — Fri, 11 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Nemati F, Rahbar-Roshandel N, Hosseini F, Mahmoudian M, Shafiei M The effects of clinically relevant concentrations of anti-hypertensive agents on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) secretion by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) were investigated in vitro. Lipopolysaccharide-induced secretion of IL-1β by PMNs from 15 hypertensive and 15 normotensive subjects after incubation with losartan, captopril, amlodipine, atenolol, and hydrochlorothiazide were assessed. IL-1β secretion by PMNs markedly increased in hypertensive patients versus normotensive subjects. Losartan, captopril, and amlodipine caused a concentration-dependent attenuation of IL-1β levels in both groups. Losartan, captopril, and amlodipine demonstrated marked in vitro anti-inflammator...

Intestinal Permeability of the Constituents from the Roots of Saposhnikovia divaricata in the Human Caco-2 Cell Monolayer Model

Planta Medica — Wed, 09 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Planta MedDOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1270741AbstractThe bidirectional intestinal permeability of the active constituents from the roots of Saposhnikovia divaricata, including four coumarins, anomalin (1), 5-methoxy-7-(3,3-dimethylallyloxy)coumarin (2), decursin (3), and decursinol angelate (4), as well as four chromones, cimifugin (5), prim-O-glucosylcimifugin (6), 3′-O-angeloylhamaudol (7), and sec-O-glucosylhamaudol (8), was studied by using the Caco-2 cell monolayer. These compounds were assayed by HPLC, and their transport parameters, including apparent permeability coefficients (Papp), were then calculated. The bidirectional Papp values of the compounds were compared with those of the markers, propranolol and atenolol. Compounds 1-5 and 7 were assigned to well-absorbed compounds, while...

Hemodynamic responses to aortic depressor nerve stimulation in conscious L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats

AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology — Wed, 02 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, electrical stimulation produced a well-preserved baroreflex-mediated decrease in arterial pressure and heart rate in conscious l-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. Moreover, withdrawal of the sympathetic drive played a role in the reflex bradycardia only in hypertensive rats. The residual fall in pressure after the triple pharmacological blockade suggests the involvement of a vasodilatory mechanism unrelated to NO or deactivation of 1-adrenergic receptor. (Source: AJP: Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology)

Larval metamorphosis of the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 in response to neurotransmitter blockers and tetraethylammonium.

Biofouling — Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Yang JL, Li YF, Bao WY, Satuito CG, Kitamura H The metamorphic response of pediveliger larvae of Mytilus galloprovincialis to the neurotransmitter blockers chlorpromazine, amitriptyline, rauwolscine, idazoxan, atenolol and butoxamine, and to tetraethylammonium chloride (TEA) was investigated through a series of bioassays. Chlorpromazine, amitriptyline and idazoxin inhibited larval metamorphosis induced by 10(-4) M epinephrine. The concentration that inhibited metamorphosis by 50% (IC(50)) for chlorpromazine and amitriptyline was 1.6 × 10(-6) M and 6.6 × 10(-5) M, respectively. Idazoxan was less effective with an IC(50) of 4.4 × 10(13) M. Moreover, these three inhibitors showed no toxicity at any of the concentrations tested. The larval metamorphic response to K(+) was not i...

ATENOLOL (Atenolol) Tablet [Med-Health Pharma, LLC]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Tue, 25 Jan 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Jan 25, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

Atenolol/rivastigmine interaction: First report of an interaction, leading to syncope, bradycardia and ECG pauses in an elderly patient: case report

Reactions — Mon, 24 Jan 2011 17:42:36 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

ATENOLOL (Atenolol) Tablet [Med Health Pharma, LLC]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Fri, 21 Jan 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Jan 21, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

Formulation and Evaluation of Extended Release Asymmetric Membrane Capsules of Atenolol.

Current Drug Delivery — Fri, 14 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

The objective of this study was to demonstrate that the asymmetric membrane capsule can be used to deliver a poorly water soluble drug with a pH dependent solubility such as atenolol for extended periods of time by modulating solubility with organic acid. In osmotic systems, the release rate of an excipient relative to the release rate of the drug is an important factor that determines the duration of drug release. Consequently, for maintaining the desired pH over the entire period of drug dissolution a suitable thickening and suspending agent can be incorporated. By optimizing the concentration of thickening agent, it is possible to extend the availability of pH modifier in the core to provide an osmotic driving force or solubilization over the entire delivery period, so that the desired ...

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Intracoronary gastrin 17 increases cardiac perfusion and function through autonomic nervous system, CCK receptors, and nitric oxide in anesthetized pigs

Journal of Applied Physiology — Wed, 12 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, gastrin 17 primarily increased coronary blood flow and cardiac function through the involvement of CCK receptors, β-adrenoceptors, and NO release. (Source: Journal of Applied Physiology)

Central and Peripheral Mechanisms Underlying Gastric Distention Inhibitory Reflex Responses in Hypercapnic-Acidotic Rats.

American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology — Fri, 07 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Tjen-A-Looi SC, Hsiao AF, Longhurst JC We have observed that in chloralose-anesthetized animals gastric-distension (GD) increases blood pressure under normoxic normocapnic conditions. We recently noted repeatable decreases in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in hypercapnic-acidotic rats in response to the GD. The neural pathways, central processing and autonomic effector mechanisms involved in this cardiovascular reflex response are unknown. We hypothesized that GD-induced decrease in BP and HR reflex responses are mediated during both withdrawal of sympathetic tone and increased parasympathetic activity, involving the rostral and caudal ventrolateral medulla (rVLM and cVLM) and the nucleus ambiguus (NA). Rats anesthetized with xylazine or α-chloralose were ventilated ...

Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry with a rotating ball interface.

Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry : RCM — Mon, 03 Jan 2011 12:53:28 +0100

Authors: Alimpiev S, Grechnikov A, Sunner J, Karavanskii V, Simanovsky Y, Nikiforov S A rotating ball interface for surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) mass spectrometry was designed and tested. One side of the ball was exposed to atmospheric pressure and the other to the vacuum in a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. Analytes (arginine, atenolol, reserpine, tofisopam, and chloropyramine) were applied using electrospray to a silicon substrate on the atmospheric side, the ball was rotated 180°, and the analyte was desorbed on the vacuum side using a pulsed, 200 Hz, 355 nm laser. In order to increase the desorption area, the laser focus was scanned over the substrate in a raster pattern repeated once every second. The design allows for rapid sample throughout with a ...

[Classification and etiology of acute aortic syndroms.]

Presse Medicale — Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Vincentelli A, Juthier F, Banfi C, Prat A Acute aortic syndrome are significantly involved in "sudden death" and in-hospital mortality remains high close to 30 %, survivors are lifelong at risk for remaining aorta complication such as thoraco-abdominal aneurysm or new aorta dissection or aortic rupture. Classifications are useful tools to determine perioperative strategy. The Stanford system is determined by whether the ascending aorta is involved or not. In the Stanford Type A, the ascending aorta is involved, the treatment is surgical and urgent: type B, the ascending aorta is not involved, the treatment is a medical treatment: "anti-impulse therapy" based on the association of vasodilatator such as sodium nitroprusside and beta-blockers such as atenolol. Endovascular thera...

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Effect of Atenolol vs Metoprolol Succinate on Vascular Function in Patients With Hypertension

Clinical Cardiology — Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsAlthough atenolol and metoprolol succinate have similar effects on blood‐pressure reduction, they have different effects on vascular function. Compared with metoprolol succinate, atenolol increases peripheral AIx. Neither drug has an effect on vascular endothelial function. These findings may have clinical implications, depending on the indication for treatment in an individual patient. Copyright © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.These data are derived from a parent study which was funded, in part, by AstraZeneca, Inc. K. Heffernan was supported by funding from NIH T32 HL069770‐06. The authors have no other funding, financial relationships, or conflicts of interest to disclose. (Source: Clinical Cardiology)

A 78-year-old woman with bilateral tongue necrosis

Oral Surgery, Oral Medicine, Oral Pathology, Oral Radiology, and Endodontics — Thu, 30 Dec 2010 00:33:25 +0100

A 78-year-old woman presented to the emergency department complaining of a sore tongue. Her medical history included essential hypertension managed with atenolol, 100 mg/d, and enalapril, 5 mg/d, osteoporosis managed with calcium and vitamin D (with no past bisphosphonate treatment), and gastroesophageal reflux disease managed with omeprazole, 20 mg/d. Seventeen years before admission, she had suffered from ovarian carcinoma that was treated by chemotherapy and oophorectomy without therapeutic irradiation. She had no known hypersensitivities or drug allergies. The patient reported pain of the right head, neck, face, and shoulder (ranked 8 on a 0 to 10 visual analog scale, with “10” the most painful), especially while eating. She also reported fatigue, and visual blurring that had devel...

The effect of nebivolol on asymmetric dimethylarginine system in spontaneously hypertension rats.

Vascular Pharmacology — Tue, 14 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In this study SHR and age-matched Wister-Kyoto (WKY) rats were randomly divided into 4 groups：SHR treated with nebivolol(8mg/ kg/day, i.g.); SHR treated with Atenolol(80mg/ kg/day, i.g.); SHR control group; WKY control group. Nebivolol induced an acute and significant reduction in systolic blood pressure in SHR. Compared with WKY, plasma ADMA was elevated significantly, while NOS activity and NO were decreased in SHR. In aorta and mesenteric artery of SHR, the expression of eNOS and DDAH 2 reduced, but expression of PRMT 1 increased. And ROS level in aorta also increased. Nebivolol increased plasma NO and NOS activity, attenuated ADMA level. The expression of eNOS and DDAH 2 were up-regulated, PRMT 1 expression were down-regulated after nebivolol treatment. Nebivolol also reduced aortic ...

Updated national IV monograph on atenolol

NeLM - News — Fri, 03 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Source: Medusa Area: News An updated IV monograph on Atenolol is now available from the NHS injectable medicines guide website (Medusa). Please see the link below for access (registration required). (Source: NeLM - News)

Comparing the effects of nebivolol versus metoprolol succinate on central haemodynamics, functional-structural changes of arteries, and left ventricular wall thickness: The nemendas study

Artery Research — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

The vasodilating β-blockers (BB) have several advantages over conventional cardioselective BB atenolol in the treatment of hypertension. However, metoprolol (MET) is the most widely used cardioselective BB in Northern and Eastern European countries. The aim of the present study was to investigate the long-term effects of nebivolol (NEB) and MET on central haemodynamics, structural and functional changes of arteries, and left ventricular wall thickness. (Source: Artery Research)

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Wave Pressure is Higher in Atenolol-treated Individuals and Independently Predicts Cardiovascular Events in the Cafe Substudy of ASCOT

Artery Research — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Background: Wave reflection accounts for augmentation of aortic pressure, but most studies have failed to show an independent relationship between augmentation index (AIx) and cardiovascular (CV) events. We hypothesise this is because conventional pulse wave analysis does not distinguish wave pressure from that attributable to charging and recoil of the aorta. (Source: Artery Research)

Analysis of the presence of cardiovascular and analgesic/anti-inflammatory/antipyretic pharmaceuticals in river- and drinking-water of the Madrid Region in Spain.

Chemosphere — Fri, 26 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study therefore sought to determine to what degree pharmaceuticals with the highest regional prescription and/or use rates, such as cardiovascular and analgesic/anti-inflammatory/antipyretic medications, were present in the principal rivers (Jarama, Manzanares, Guadarrama, Henares and Tagus) and tap-water samples of the Madrid Region (MR). Samples were taken downstream the discharge of 10 of the most important region's STPs and the most frequently used drugs in the region were analysed for. Of the 24 drugs analysed, 21 were detected at concentrations ranging from 2ngL(-1) to 18μgL(-1). The highest drug concentrations corresponded to ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen, atenolol, frusemide (furosemide), gemfibrozil and hydrochlorthiazide, and in most cases exceeded the amounts reported in...

Hemodynamic responses to aortic depressor nerve stimulation in conscious l-name-induced hypertensive rats.

Wed, 24 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, electrical stimulation produced a well preserved baroreflex-mediated decrease in arterial pressure and heart rate in conscious L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats. Moreover, withdrawal of the sympathetic drive played a role in the reflex bradycardia only in hypertensive rats. The residual fall in pressure after the triple pharmacological blockade suggests the involvement of a vasodilatory mechanism unrelated to NO or deactivation of α(1)-adrenergic receptor. PMID: 21106910 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Physiology. Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology)

Attenuation of exercise induced ST elevation in non-obstructive coronary disease--a case for calcium channel blockade?

QJM — Mon, 22 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

A male smoker already on atenolol therapy, presented with chest pain and dramatic exercise induced ST segment elevation. Coronary angiography demonstrated non-obstructive disease and treatment with diltiazem abolished ST segment elevation on subsequent exercise testing. (Source: QJM)

Systemic atenolol exposure may be a risk factor for hyperglycaemia during short-term treatment with atenolol

Reactions — Mon, 15 Nov 2010 07:38:44 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

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Bafna Pharma gets Ghana's approval for hypertension drug

The Economic Times Healthcare and Biotech News — Wed, 10 Nov 2010 14:54:59 +0100

Bafna Pharmaceuticals on Wednesday said it has received Ghana health regulator's approval to sell Atenolol tablets, used in the treatment of hypertension, in the Ghana market. (Source: The Economic Times Healthcare and Biotech News)

Beta-Blockers in Hypertension

The American Journal of Cardiology — Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, it is time for a reexamination of the clinical evidence for the use of β blockers in hypertension, recognizing that there are patients for whom β blockers, particularly those with vasodilatory actions, are an appropriate treatment option. (Source: The American Journal of Cardiology)

Tenormin (Atenolol Tablets) - updated on RxList

RxList - New and Updated Drug Monographs — Mon, 01 Nov 2010 07:00:00 +0100

Tenormin (Atenolol Tablets) drug description - FDA approved labeling for prescription drugs and medications at RxList (Source: RxList - New and Updated Drug Monographs)

The membrane transport of flavonoids from Crossostephium chinense across the Caco‐2 monolayer

Biopharmaceutics and Drug Disposition — Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe permeation and efflux of six polysubstituted flavonoids isolated from Crossostephium chinense, a Chinese traditional and herbal drug for the treatment of diabetes, were investigated using the Caco‐2 cell monolayer. The six flavonoids (selagin, apometzgerin, tricetin‐3′,4′,5′‐trimethylether, quercetagetin‐3,6,7‐trimethylether, hispidulin and quercetagetin) sharing a similar parent skeleton structure with varied substituents in the heterocyclic ring B were selected for the study. Quercetagetin exhibited a low bi‐directional permeability comparable to that of atenolol, suggesting a paracellular diffusion mechanism. The remaining compounds exhibited time‐ and concentration‐ dependent permeation with apparent permeability coefficient (Papp) values in the range ...

Voluntary exercise does not affect stress-induced tachycardia, but improves resistance to cardiac arrhythmias in rats.

Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology — Fri, 29 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Beig MI, Callister R, Saint DA, Bondarenko E, Walker FR, Day TA, Nalivaiko E 1. It is currently unknown whether long-term voluntary exercise has enduring cardioprotective effects in animal models. 2. The study was conducted in three groups of rats - sedentary controls (n=6), 24h-runners (n=8, unlimited access to running wheels) and 2h-runners (n=8; access limited to 2h daily). 3. After termination of 6-week exercising protocol, all rats were implanted with the telemetric ECG transmitters, and were studied one week later. The values for resting heart rate were 372±7, 361±9 and 298±5 bpm for Controls, 24h-Runners and 2h-Runners, respectively (p<0.05 for 2h-Runners vs. Controls). High-frequency spectral power was 3.9±0.2, 4.3±0.3 and 5.3±0.3 s(2) in Controls, 24h-Runners...

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Importance of blood pressure control in left ventricular mass regression

Journal of the American Society of Hypertension — Thu, 28 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This study examined whether combination antihypertensive therapy would provide greater benefit. With a double-blind, parallel-group design, the effects of 3 different combinations, carvedilol controlled-release (CR)/lisinopril, atenolol/lisinopril, and lisinopril, on left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were assessed by MRI after 12 months. Patients were treated to achieve guideline-recommended BP ( (Source: Journal of the American Society of Hypertension)

Goat brain enkephalin degrading enzyme: interaction with analgesic and antihypertensive drugs

Medicinal Chemistry Research — Tue, 26 Oct 2010 16:54:47 +0100

Abstract Dipeptidylpeptidase (DPP) was purified from goat brain (Capra hircus) which acts on Arg-Arg-4mβNA and is functional homologue of mammalian DPP-III. The enzyme was found to hydrolyse enkephalin, angiotensin II and III, ACTH and gastrin tetrapeptide amide. As enkephalin is involved in pain modulation and angiotensins regulate the renin-angiotensin system, the effect of commonly used analgesic and antihypertensive drugs was screened on the activities of purified goat brain DPP. Among the analgesic drugs, diclofenac Na had the highest potency. In regards to mechanism of inhibition, diclofenac Na, paracetamol and rofecoxib inhibited the enzyme in competitive manner and nimesulide exhibited mixed inhibition for the enzyme with K i of 300, 245, 190, and 70 μM, ...

Lipid emulsion and propranolol: first case

The Poison Review — Fri, 22 Oct 2010 22:03:24 +0100

2.5 out of 5 stars Intravenous lipid emulsion in propranolol overdose. Dean P et al. Anaesthesia Nov 2010:65:1148-1150. No abstract available online This brief article presents the first clinical case report describing the use of IV lipid emulsion to treat propranolol overdose. A 27-year-old woman was brought to the emergency department approximately 1 hour after ingesting 7 g of propranolol. On presentation she was hypotensive (60/30 mmHg) and bradycardic (25 bpm). Despite treatment with fluids, atropine, glucagon, and high-dose insulin, and eternal pacing she remained unstable, suffering tonic-clinic seizures and cardiac arrest. A palpable pulse returned after administration of advanced life support measures, but her blood pressure and pulse remained low. After consultation wit...

A comparative study of nebivolol and (S) atenolol on blood pressure and heart rate on essential hypertensive patients

Indian Journal of Pharmacology — Wed, 20 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Reduction of blood pressure with nebivolol and (S)atenolol was similar, but fall in blood pressure from baseline was highly significant in both groups. (Source: Indian Journal of Pharmacology)

Use of a Cardioselective Beta-Blocker for Pediatric Patients With Prolonged QT Syndrome

Pediatric Cardiology — Tue, 19 Oct 2010 23:22:50 +0100

This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of atenolol for pediatric patients with LQTS. A retrospective observational study investigating all patients who had LQTS treated with atenolol at two institutions was performed. The study identified 57 patients (23 boys and 34 girls) with a mean QT corrected for heart rate (QTc) of 521 ± 54 ms. The mean age of these patients at diagnosis was 9 ± 6 years. Their clinical manifestations included no symptoms (n = 33, 58%), ventricular tachycardia (n = 10, 18%), syncope (n = 6, 10%), resuscitated sudden cardiac death (n = 4, 7%), atrioventricular block (n = 2, 4%), and bradycardia or presyncope (n = 2, 3%). Of the 57 patients, 13 (22%) had a family history of sudden death. The ...

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Hyperkeratotic plaques on the hands

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology — Sat, 16 Oct 2010 08:40:55 +0100

A 52-year-old man with a history of renal cell carcinoma was referred by his oncologist for an eruption on the palmar surface of the left distal fingers. The patient noted the presence of calluses on his fingers for several weeks, with soreness and cracking of the lesions at times. The physical examination revealed hyperkeratotic plaques on an erythematous base overlying the distal palmar second through fourth digits (). A few superficial fissures were also noted. The patient's medical history was significant for hypertension, type 2 diabetes, dyslipidemia, and renal cell carcinoma. His medications included atenolol, hydrochlorothiazide, glipizide, sunitinib, fenofibrate, and amlodipine. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology)

Effects of β-adrenoceptor antagonists on anaphylactic hypotension in conscious rats.

European Journal of Pharmacology — Fri, 15 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, in rat anaphylactic shock, inhibition of β(2)-adrenoceptor causes more detrimental effects than that of the β(1)-adrenoceptor. These β-adrenoceptor antagonists may exert detrimental effects on rat systemic anaphylaxis via inhibiting beneficial actions of catecholamines endogenously released from the adrenal gland. PMID: 20959119 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: European Journal of Pharmacology)

ATENOLOL AND CHLORTHALIDONEtablet [Major Pharmaceutical]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Mon, 04 Oct 2010 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Oct 4, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

ATENOLOL AND CHLORTHALIDONEtablet [Watson Laboratories, Inc.]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Mon, 04 Oct 2010 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Oct 4, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

An exploratory study of two Caco-2 cell models for oral absorption: A report on their within-laboratory and between-laboratory variability, and their predictive capacity.

Alternatives to Laboratory Animals : ATLA — Fri, 01 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Prieto P, Hoffmann S, Tirelli V, Tancredi F, González I, Bermejo M, De Angelis I In 2005, the European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM) sponsored a study aimed at evaluating the reproducibility (between-laboratory and within-laboratory variability) and the predictive capacity of two in vitro cellular systems - the Caco-2/ATCC parental cell line and the Caco- 2/TC7 clone - for estimating the oral fraction absorbed (Fa) in humans. Two laboratories, both of which had experience with Caco-2 cultures, participated in the study. Ten test chemicals with documented in vivo oral absorption data were selected. Atenolol, cimetidine and propranolol were included as reference compounds for low, medium and high intestinal absorption, respectively. Transport experime...

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Potential Cardiotoxic Reaction Involving Rivastigmine and Beta-Blockers: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Cardiovascular Toxicology — Fri, 24 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100

We report a case of potential cardiovascular toxicity including syncope, bradycardia, and ECG pauses associated with the use of rivastigmine and atenolol. A 65-year-old African American female with a medical history of dementia, hypertension, seizure disorder, stroke, and peripheral vascular disease was admitted to the hospital with shortness of breath and syncope. She was witnessed to have experienced a presyncopal episode followed by a true syncopal episode in which she was unresponsive for 20-30Â s. On day two of hospital stay, the patient's ECG showed a sinus bradycardia with a heart rate in the 40Â s and sinus pauses greater than 2Â s in duration. Atenolol was immediately discontinued, with a continuance of the bradycardia despite one missed dose. The potentially toxic combinati...

Association of the Pattern of Use of Perioperative [beta]-Blockade and Postoperative Mortality

Anesthesiology — Fri, 24 Sep 2010 01:34:41 +0100

Conclusion: Perioperative [beta]-blockade administered according to the Perioperative Cardiac Risk Reduction protocol is associated with a reduction in 30-day and 1-yr mortality. Perioperative withdrawal of [beta]-blockers is associated with increased mortality. (C) 2010 American Society of Anesthesiologists, Inc. (Source: Anesthesiology)

Association of the Pattern of Use of Perioperative ß-Blockade and Postoperative Mortality

Anesthesiology — Fri, 24 Sep 2010 01:34:41 +0100

Conclusion: Perioperative β-blockade administered according to the Perioperative Cardiac Risk Reduction protocol is associated with a reduction in 30-day and 1-yr mortality. Perioperative withdrawal of β-blockers is associated with increased mortality. (Source: Anesthesiology)

Prognostic Significance of Left Ventricular Diastolic Dysfunction in Patients With Left Ventricular Hypertrophy and Systemic Hypertension (the LIFE Study)

The American Journal of Cardiology — Tue, 21 Sep 2010 06:43:06 +0100

In conclusion, antihypertensive treatment in patients with hypertension with electrocardiographic LV hypertrophy resulted in significant improvement in transmitral flow patterns; this was not associated with reduced cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. However, normal in-treatment LV filling was strongly associated with a reduced risk for hospitalization for heart failure. (Source: The American Journal of Cardiology)

ATENOLOL AND CHLORTHALIDONEtablet [Rebel Distributors Corp.]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Tue, 21 Sep 2010 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Sep 21, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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All-cause and cardiovascular mortality in relation to changing heart rate during treatment of hypertensive patients with electrocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy

European Heart Journal — Tue, 14 Sep 2010 07:08:29 +0100

Conclusion Higher in-treatment HR on serial ECGs predicts greater likelihood of subsequent CV or all-cause mortality, independent of treatment modality, blood pressure lowering, regression of ECG LVH and changing QRS duration in hypertensive patients with ECG LVH. These findings support the value of serial assessment of HR for improved risk stratification in hypertensive patients. Clinical trials registration: http://clinicaltrials.gov/ct/show/NCT00338260?order=1cp. (Source: European Heart Journal)

Design and Development of Oral Mucoadhesive Multiparticulate System Containing Atenolol: in Vitro-in Vivo Characterization.

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin — Sat, 11 Sep 2010 19:09:03 +0100

Authors: Belgamwar VS, Surana SJ The aim of the present study was to prepare mucoadhesive multiparticulate system for oral drug delivery using ionic gelation technique. Microspheres of different mucoadhesive polymers including hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) K15M and carbopol 971P were prepared. In this technique cross linking of sodium alginate with calcium chloride was done which retarded the release of drug from the mucoadhesive polymer. In the present work atenolol was used as model drug. Interaction studies performed using FT-IR spectroscopy revealed that there was no drug to polymer interactions. Multiparticulates so prepared were discrete, bulky, free flowing and showed an average encapsulation efficiency ranging from 23-74%. Particle size of the multiparticulates as determ...

Interaction of hyperthermia and heart rate on stroke volume during prolonged exercise

Journal of Applied Physiology — Thu, 09 Sep 2010 21:02:20 +0100

In conclusion, when matched for HR, mild hyperthermia increased SV during exercise. Furthermore, the reduction in SV throughout prolonged exercise under normothermic and mildly hyperthermic conditions appears to be due to the increase in HR. (Source: Journal of Applied Physiology)

The β-Blocker Atenolol Lowers the Longevity-Related Degree of Fatty Acid Unsaturation, Decreases Protein Oxidative Damage, and Increases Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinase Signaling in the Heart of C57BL/6 Mice

Rejuvenation Research — Mon, 06 Sep 2010 13:39:33 +0100

Rejuvenation Research , Vol. 0, No. 0. (Source: Rejuvenation Research)

Effect of atenolol on aldosterone/renin ratio calculated by both plasma renin activity and direct renin concentration in healthy male volunteers

Annals of Clinical Biochemistry — Fri, 03 Sep 2010 19:54:49 +0100

(Source: Annals of Clinical Biochemistry)

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Single coronary artery but dual left anterior descending coronary artery anomaly

Cardiovascular Revascularization Medicine — Thu, 02 Sep 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Due to high spatial resolution and ability to create 3-dimensional reconsctruction of the vasculature multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) allows for improved, noninvasive, and accurate visualization of coronary artery anomalies . Herein we described a new type of dual left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) anomaly in patient with single coronary artery (SCA) arising from right sinus of valsalva. A 39-year-old physician without cardiac history admitted with the complaint of atypical chest pain. Resting 12-lead electrocardiogram showed sinus rhythm with flat T waves in the lateral precordial leads. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a mild aortic regurgitation associated with normal left ventricular systolic and diastolic functions. Subsequently performed MDCT demonstrated si...

Efficacy of beta-blocker therapy in symptomatic athletes with exercise-induced intra-ventricular gradients

BioMed Central — Wed, 01 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Background: Upright exercise stress echocardiography (SE) induces significant intraventricular gradient (IVG) and systolic anterior motion (SAM) in a large proportion of symptomatic athletes, who may therefore benefit from a negative inotropic therapy.The purpose of the present study was to assess the effect of chronic oral beta-blocker therapy on the occurrence of exercise-induced IVG and mitral valve SAM, in symptomatic athletes. Methods: We enrolled 35 symptomatic athletes (age: 23+-11 years) with IVG (>30 mmHg) during SE off therapy. All repeated SE on chronic oral beta-blocker therapy (atenolol up to 50 mg, bisoprolol up to 10 mg, or metoprolol up to 100 mg daily according to physician-driven choice). Results: On therapy, there was during SE a reduction in IVG (35 off vs 17 on beta-bl...

Autonomic and cellular mechanisms mediating detrimental cardiac effects of status epilepticus

Epilepsy Research — Fri, 27 Aug 2010 06:53:10 +0100

Summary: Prolonged seizure activity (status epilepticus; SE) can result in increased susceptibility to lethal ventricular arrhythmias for an extended period of time following seizure termination. SE is accompanied by acute, intense activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SymNS) and results in myocyte myofilament damage, arrhythmogenic alterations in cardiac electrical activity, and increased susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias. However, the mechanisms mediating the changes in cardiac function, and the specific arrhythmogenic substrate produced during SE are unknown. To determine if detrimental cardiac effects of SE are mediated by SymNS stimulation of the heart, we examined the effects of B-adrenergic blockade (atenolol) during seizure activity on blood pressure, heart rate, my...

Atenolol/chlortalidone/hydrochlorothiazide: Hyponatraemia leading to confusion in elderly patients: 2 case reports

Reactions — Tue, 24 Aug 2010 05:51:22 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Optimization and validation of a hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for the determination of 13 top-prescribed pharmaceuticals in influent wastewater.

Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry — Mon, 23 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: van Nuijs AL, Tarcomnicu I, Simons W, Bervoets L, Blust R, Jorens PG, Neels H, Covaci A A sensitive hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography (HILIC)-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated for the analysis of 13 pharmaceuticals (omeprazole, pantoprazole, ranitidine, citalopram, fluoxetine, paroxetine, venlafaxine, tramadol, nebivolol, metoprolol, atenolol, bisoprolol and metformin) in influent wastewater. The analytes were selected from the list of top-sold prescription pharmaceuticals in Belgium. The HILIC separation was optimised to achieve quantification of all analytes in real influent wastewater samples where other compounds, mainly metabolites of some of the pharmaceuticals, were found to interfere even with mass-spectrometric detection in multip...

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Anti-hypertensive drugs have different effects on ventricular hypertrophy regression

Clinics — Sat, 21 Aug 2010 06:39:42 +0100

CONCLUSION: The anti-hypertensive drugs induced various degrees of hypertrophic regression. (Source: Clinics)

Plasma Renin Activity Predicts Blood Pressure Responses to beta-Blocker and Thiazide Diuretic as Monotherapy and Add-On Therapy for Hypertension.

American Journal of Hypertension — Wed, 18 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsPlasma renin activity and pretreatment blood pressure level predict blood pressure responses to atenolol and hydrochlorothiazide administered as mono- and as add-on therapy in men and women </=65 years of age.American Journal of Hypertension 2010; doi:10.1038/ajh.2010.98. PMID: 20725057 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Hypertension)

Ethnic Differences in Blood Pressure Response to First and Second-Line Antihypertensive Therapies in Patients Randomized in the ASCOT Trial.

American Journal of Hypertension — Wed, 18 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsWe found important differences in BP responses among ethnic groups to both first- and second-line antihypertensive therapies.American Journal of Hypertension 2010; doi:10.1038/ajh.2010.105. PMID: 20725056 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Hypertension)

Vascular Structure and Oxidative Stress in Salt-Loaded Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats: Effects of Losartan and Atenolol.

American Journal of Hypertension — Wed, 11 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsIn this salt-sensitive genetic hypertension model, losartan protects from hypertension- and high dietary salt-related vascular oxidative stress, exceeding the benefits of BP reduction. Also, during salt overload, BP-independent factors contribute to vascular remodeling, at least part of which derive from AT1-receptor activation.American Journal of Hypertension (2010). doi:10.1038/ajh.2010.167. PMID: 20706197 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Hypertension)

[Correspondence] Prognostic significance of blood-pressure variability – Author's reply

LANCET — Thu, 05 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

A R Michell is correct to highlight the importance of reliable measurement of clinic blood pressure in routine practice, an issue that we also highlighted. However, errors in measurement could only partly account for a visit-to-visit range in systolic blood pressure (SBP) of 50 mm Hg or more, which was found in about a third of patients in each of the cohorts with transient ischaemic attack (TIA) and in the atenolol group of ASCOT-BPLA, in which blood-pressure measurement was standardised. (Source: LANCET)

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Atenolol/methylprednisolone: Hypotension contributing to anterior spinal cord syndrome in a patient with existing spinal stenosis; GI haemorrhage, VAP: case report

Reactions — Sun, 25 Jul 2010 05:33:33 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Role of beta-adrenergic receptors in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex during contextual fear extinction in rats.

Neurobiology of Learning and Memory — Fri, 23 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

In this study, the effects of beta-adrenergic compounds on the extinction of contextual conditioned fearresponses were evaluated. Rats were trained with footshock in a conditioning box.In the three days following the training, the animals were re-exposed to the apparatus and received either a single or repeated intraperitoneal injections of the beta-adrenergic antagonist propranolol, the beta-adrenergic agonist isoproterenol, or saline thirty minutes before (acquisition of extinction) or immediately after (consolidation of extinction) the extinction sessions. A drug-free session was performed on the last day. While repeated isoproterenol treatment facilitatedthe consolidation of contextual fear extinction, repeated propranolol administration impaired the acquisition and the consolidation o...

ATENOLOL AND CHLORTHALIDONEtablet [Physicians Total Care, Inc.]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Fri, 23 Jul 2010 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Jul 23, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

Cardiac vagal withdrawal and reactivation during repeated rest–exercise transitions

European Journal of Applied Physiology — Tue, 20 Jul 2010 07:52:53 +0100

In conclusion, the CVR among repeated rest–exercise transitions influenced the CVW at the onset of exercise, which was not affected by a partial β1 cardioselective adrenoceptor blockade. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00421-010-1555-yAuthors Djalma R. Ricardo, SUPREMA Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences of Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora BrazilBruno M. Silva, SUPREMA Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences of Juiz de Fora Juiz de Fora BrazilLauro C. Vianna, Gama Filho University (UGF) Graduate Program in Physical Education Rio de Janeiro BrazilClaudio Gil S. Araújo, Gama Filho University (UGF) Graduate Program in Physical Education Rio de Janeiro Brazil Journal European Journal of Applied PhysiologyOnline ISSN 1439-6327Print ISSN 1439-6319 ...

Esmolol cardioplegia: the cellular mechanism of diastolic arrest

Cardiovascular Research — Thu, 15 Jul 2010 16:12:27 +0100

Conclusion Esmolol at millimolar concentrations causes diastolic ventricular arrest by two mechanisms: at 1 mmol/L (and below), the pronounced negative inotropic effect is due largely to inhibition of L-type Ca2+ channels; additionally, higher concentrations prevent action potential conduction, probably due to the inhibition of fast Na+ channels. (Source: Cardiovascular Research)

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NP Sued for Failing to Diagnose Stroke

The Journal for Nurse Practitioners — Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Both a nurse practitioner (NP) and a physician missed signs of stroke in the following case. A 56-year-old man with diabetes and hypertension visited his primary care physician in March 2003, complaining of right-sided headache, dizziness, weakness, and tingling on his left side and problems picking up his left foot. A family NP evaluated him but found nothing suggestive of transient ischemic attack (TIA). She ordered an electrocardiogram, prescribed aspirin and atenolol, and told the patient to return in a week. Twice during the visit the NP reviewed the case with a physician, but the physician did not see the patient. (Source: The Journal for Nurse Practitioners)

Atenolol blunts blood pressure increase during dynamic resistance exercise in hypertensives

British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology — Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology)

Atenolol/remifentanil: Sudden heart arrest in an elderly patient: case report

Reactions — Tue, 29 Jun 2010 05:33:09 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Is Hydrochlorothiazide More Effective on LVH in Nonresponders to Losartan Than in Those to Atenolol?

American Journal of Hypertension — Sat, 19 Jun 2010 22:36:18 +0100

Authors: Verdecchia P, Angeli F, Mazzotta G, Reboldi G PMID: 20559290 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Hypertension)

[Correspondence] Atenolol in uncomplicated hypertension: time for changes

Lancet Neurology — Tue, 15 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

I read with interest the recent Article by Rothwell and colleagues, which shows the importance of blood-pressure variability as a vascular risk marker and adds new evidence against use of atenolol in uncomplicated hypertension. (Source: Lancet Neurology)

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[Correspondence] Atenolol in uncomplicated hypertension: time for changes – Author's reply

Lancet Neurology — Tue, 15 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

We thank Dr Morales for his comments; however, we do not agree with some of the points that he raises. First, in our systematic review of data from randomised controlled trials of blood-pressure lowering drugs, we showed that the adverse effect of β blockers on variability in blood pressure is not confined to atenolol. Second, the systematic review also showed that the effect of β blockers on variability in blood pressure was unrelated to the half-life of the particular β blocker studied, and so it is unlikely that twice-daily administration of atenolol would reduce the adverse effects. Third, atenolol is not the only cheap blood-pressure lowering drug. Other cheap drugs, including some thiazide diuretics and calcium-channel blockers, are also available in low-income countries and might...

Polypill: Lights and Shadows

Current Hypertension Reports — Mon, 14 Jun 2010 13:52:28 +0100

Abstract The idea of packaging and formulating several drugs commonly used in cardiovascular disease prevention into a single polypill is appealing. It is believed that the polypill would have several advantages over the separate use of several medications, enhancing acceptability and long-term adherence, with lower cost and easier accessibility. However, there are few data available on the efficacy and safety of polypill preparations for preventive purposes. The Indian Polycap Study (TIPS) was the first to systematically test the clinical application of the polypill; it included ramipril, hydrochlorothiazide, atenolol, aspirin, and simvastatin. Blood pressure and LDL levels were effectively lowered and antiplatelet function was demonstrated, but the effect of simvastatin ...

ATENOLOLtablet ATENOLOL ( Atenolol ) Tablet [State Of Florida DOH Central Pharmacy]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Fri, 11 Jun 2010 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Jun 11, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

Availability, price and affordability of cardiovascular medicines: A comparison across 36 countries using WHO/HAI data

BMC Cardiovascular Disorders — Tue, 08 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The results of this study emphasize the need of focusing attention and financing on making chronic disease medicines accessible, in particular in the public sector. Several policy options are suggested to reach this goal. (Source: BMC Cardiovascular Disorders)

Formulation and Evaluation of Buccal Patches for Delivery of Atenolol.

AAPS PharmSciTech — Tue, 08 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Adhikari SN, Nayak BS, Nayak AK, Mohanty B Buccal patches for the delivery of atenolol using sodium alginate with various hydrophilic polymers like carbopol 934 P, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose in various proportions and combinations were fabricated by solvent casting technique. Various physicomechanical parameters like weight variation, thickness, folding endurance, drug content, moisture content, moisture absorption, and various ex vivo mucoadhesion parameters like mucoadhesive strength, force of adhesion, and bond strength were evaluated. An in vitro drug release study was designed, and it was carried out using commercial semipermeable membrane. All these fabricated patches were sustained for 24 h and obeyed first-order release kinetics. ...

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ATENOLOL AND CHLORTHALIDONEtablet [Watson Laboratories, Inc.]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Tue, 08 Jun 2010 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Jun 8, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

Stereoselective Glucuronidation of Propafenone and Its Analogues by Human Recombinant UGT1A9.

Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin — Mon, 07 Jun 2010 21:36:04 +0100

Authors: Xie S, Zeng S Stereoselective glucuronidation of propafenone and its beta-blocker analogues by human recombinant UGT1A3 and UGT1A9 from the recombinant baculovirus in insect sf9 cells was studied. The glucuronides produced in incubation mixtures were assayed by HPLC equipped with UV detector, and identified by beta-glucuronidase. The stereoselective glucuronidation was measured by pre-column 2,3,4,6-tetra-O-acetyl-beta-D-glucopyranosyl isothiocynate (GITC) derivatization HPLC method for propafenone and esomolol. In all of ten beta-blocker drugs studied, six showed the glucuronidation activity with UGT1A9, while four with UGT1A3. From roughly quantitative stereoselective glucuronidation study of racemic beta-blocker analogues by UGT1A9, propranolol had a high ratio of the ratio...

TENORETIC (Atenolol And Chlorthalidone) Tablet [AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals LP]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Mon, 07 Jun 2010 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Jun 7, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

ATENOLOL AND CHLORTHALIDONEtablet [Watson Laboratories, Inc.]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Tue, 01 Jun 2010 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Jun 1, 2010 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))