MedWorm: Celebrex

Celecoxib: Erythema multiforme-type drug eruption in an elderly patient: case report

Reactions — Sun, 05 Feb 2012 18:29:54 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

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Antifibrotic potential of a selective COX-2 inhibitor (celecoxib) on liver fibrosis in rats

Comparative Clinical Pathology — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:14:50 +0100

Abstract Hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) play a critical role in the fibrogenesis of the liver, so they are the target cells of antifibrotic therapy. Activated HSCs, but not quiescent HSCs, express cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). The present study was designed to investigate the possible prophylactic and therapeutic effects of a selective COX-2 inhibitor (celecoxib) on liver fibrosis induced by thioacetamide (TAA) in rats. Forty-two male albino rats were divided into five groups: group I, negative control; group II, model of fibrosis; group III, preventive model before induction of fibrosis where celecoxib was given for 4 weeks before TAA; group IV, preventive model at the time of induction of fibrosis where celecoxib was given concomitantly with TAA for 6 weeks; group V...

CELEBREX (Celecoxib) Capsule [STAT Rx USA LLC]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Jan 31, 2012 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

CELEBREX (Celecoxib) Capsule [PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Jan 30, 2012 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

Efficacy and Safety of Additional 200-mg Dose of Celecoxib in Adult Patients With Postoperative Pain Following Extraction of Impacted Third Mandibular Molar: A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Phase II Study in Japan.

Clinical Therapeutics — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Overall, an additional 200-mg dose of celecoxib was well tolerated and efficacious in reducing the pain associated with extraction of an impacted third mandibular molar in the study population. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01062113. PMID: 22284900 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Therapeutics)

Metronomic chemotherapy in advanced oral cancers

Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Use of metronomic chemotherapy seems promising and well tolerated in this setting. Large trials are warranted to confirm these results. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)

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Efficacy and safety of concurrent chemoradiation with weekly cisplatin ± low-dose celecoxib in locally advanced undifferentiated nasopharyngeal carcinoma: A phase II-III clinical trial

Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The addition of celecoxib 100 mg twice daily to concurrent chemoradiation improved 2-year locoregional control rate. (Source: Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeutics)

Celecoxib: Sweet's syndrome: case report

Reactions — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 19:08:18 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

A 4-trifluoromethyl analogue of celecoxib inhibits arthritis by suppressing innate immune cell activation.

Arthritis Research and Therapy — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: These results indicate that TFM-C may serve as an effective new disease-modifying drug for treatment of arthritis such as rheumatoid arthritis. (Source: Arthritis Research and Therapy)

The Gut Barrier Protective Effect of Low Dose Celebrex, a Selective Cox-2 Inhibitor, in Experimental Peritonitis

Journal of Surgical Research — Sat, 14 Jan 2012 22:28:58 +0100

(Source: Journal of Surgical Research)

Fixed drug eruption caused by etoricoxib with tolerance to celecoxib and parecoxib

Contact Dermatitis — Thu, 12 Jan 2012 21:18:26 +0100

(Source: Contact Dermatitis)

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Effects of antidepressants and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor on cytokines and kynurenines in stimulated in vitro blood culture from depressed patients

Inflammopharmacology — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 17:51:34 +0100

Discussion Stimulation with LPS induced increased production of pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines in both groups, but higher responses in controls. This lower production of cytokine responses in depressed patients indicates that their immune cells are in a refractory phase, induced by a pre-existing pro-inflammatory state. For kynurenines, the whole metabolism was enhanced by LPS; however, an imbalance to neuroprotective metabolites was observed just in control blood. A drug effect could only be shown for imipramine and celecoxib, which were beneficial in terms of re-balancing the immune function but not in re-balancing neuroactive metabolites. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Inflammation in acute and chronic neurological and psychiatric disease...

Inclusion of celecoxib into fibrous ordered mesoporous carbon for enhanced oral bioavailability and reduced gastric irritancy.

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Zhao P, Jiang H, Jiang T, Zhi Z, Wu C, Sun C, Zhang J, Wang S Abstract Fibrous ordered mesoporous carbon (FOMC) was developed as a new drug delivery system for loading an insoluble drug, designed to be orally administered, and then to enhance the drug loading capacity, improve the dissolution rate, enhance the oral bioavailability and reduce the gastric damage. Celecoxib (CEL) was chosen as a model drug. The nanostructures and effect of different pore sizes (4.4-7.0nm) on drug loading and release properties were studied. The results showed that FOMC has a high drug loading capacity (0.599g/g, drug weight/carrier weight) and the dissolution rate of CEL from FOMC was much faster than pure crystalline CEL using buffer (pH 6.8) as a dissolution medium. Moreover, the oral bioav...

Non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs use and risk of upper gastrointestinal adverse events in cirrhotic patients

Liver International — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionThe use of nsNSAIDs but not celecoxib was associated with a two‐fold increased risk of variceal and non‐variceal upper GI events among cirrhotic patients. (Source: Liver International)

Cytoprotective effect of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs in rat brain slices subjected to reoxygenation after oxygen-glucose deprivation.

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, NSAIDs with the greatest cytoprotective effect (nimesulide, celecoxib and meloxicam) may exert their effect mainly through the blockade of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) activity. Other compounds with neuroprotective activity may complement their lower anti-COX-2 effect with a slight increase in interleukin 10 and reduced oxidative and nitrosative stress in our model of hypoxia-reoxygenation in rat brain slices. PMID: 22245539 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences)

Cooperative Enhancement of Radiosensitivity After Combined Treatment of 17-(Allylamino)-17-Demethoxygeldanamycin and Celecoxib in Human Lung and Colon Cancer Cell Lines

DNA and Cell Biology — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 15:39:08 +0100

DNA and Cell Biology Jan 2012, Vol. 31, No. 1: 15-29. (Source: DNA and Cell Biology)

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Concordance with Guideline Recommendations: previous and more recent Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory Drug prescriptions in Quebec, Canada

Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionConcordance with guideline recommendations increased for celecoxib and decreased for tNSAIDs after rofecoxib withdrawal; GPA co‐prescription with tNSAIDs remained suboptimal. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety)

Effects of cyclooxygenase inhibition on cardiovascular function in a hypercholesterolemic swine model of chronic ischemia

AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology — Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

We examined the effects of nonselective and selective COX inhibition on cardiovascular function in a hypercholesterolemic swine model of chronic ischemia. Twenty-four intact male Yorkshire swine underwent left circumflex ameroid constrictor placement and were subsequently given either no drug (HCC; n = 8), a nonselective COX inhibitor (440 mg/day naproxen; HCNS; n = 8), or a selective COX-2 inhibitor (200 mg/day celecoxib; HCCX; n = 8). After 7 wk, myocardial functional was measured and myocardium from the nonischemic ventricle and ischemic area-at-risk (AAR) were analyzed. Regional function as measured by segmental shortening was improved in the AAR of HCCX compared with HCC. There was no significant difference in perfusion to the nonischemic ventricle between groups, but myocardial perfu...

Lack of a chondroprotective effect of cyclooxygenase 2 inhibition in a surgically induced model of osteoarthritis in mice

Arthritis and Rheumatism — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionThe two COX enzymes differ in terms of regulation of their expression during OA development. Nevertheless, experiments using inhibitor and genetic deficiency demonstrated a lack of chondroprotective effect of COX‐2 inhibition in the mouse surgical OA model. (Source: Arthritis and Rheumatism)

Berberine-induced AMPK activation inhibits the metastatic potential of melanoma cells via reduction of ERK activity and COX-2 protein expression.

Biochemical Pharmacology — Sat, 31 Dec 2011 01:48:36 +0100

Authors: Kim HS, Kim MJ, Kim EJ, Yang Y, Lee MS, Lim JS Abstract Berberine is clinically important natural isoquinoline alkaloid that affects various biological functions, such as cell proliferation, migration and survival. The activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) regulates tumor cell migration. However, the specific role of AMPK on the metastatic potential of cancer cells remains largely unknown. The present study investigated whether berberine induces AMPK activation and whether this induction directly affects mouse melanoma cell migration, adhesion and invasion. Berberine strongly increased AMPK phosphorylation via reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide-1-β-d-ribofuranoside (AICAR), a well-known AMPK activator, also inhibited tumor...

Effects on muscle performance of NSAID treatment with Piroxicam versus placebo in geriatric patients with acute infection-induced inflammation. A double blind randomized controlled trial

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders — Fri, 30 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Piroxicam improves clinically relevant measures of muscle performance and mobility in geriatric patients hospitalized with acute infection-induced inflammation. Underlying mechanisms may include modifications in the cytokine network and increases in monocytic expression of cytoprotective Hsp27.Trial registrationCurrent Controlled Trials (ISRCTN58517443) http://www.controlled-trials.com/ISRCTN58517443/ (Source: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders)

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Low-dose celecoxib improves coronary function after acute myocardial ischaemia in rabbits.

Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, the experimental evidences suggest that celecoxib exerted its protective effect in a COX-independent manner. © 2011 The Authors Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd. PMID: 22211872 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology)

Febrile response induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in rats: involvement of prostaglandin E2 and cytokines

Medical Microbiology and Immunology — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 17:02:26 +0100

Abstract The purpose of the present study was to better understand the events involved in the febrile response induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), a complex infectious process. To this end, we conducted in vivo experiments in rats examining (1) fever development, (2) bacterial number in the infection focus and in blood, (3) peripheral and hypothalamic synthesis of cytokines, (4) hypothalamic and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) synthesis of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), (5) the effect of anti-IL-6 antibody on fever, and (6) the effect of celecoxib on fever and hypothalamic synthesis of PGE2 after CLP induction. We found that CLP promotes fever and animal death depending on the number of punctures. The peak of CLP-induced fever overlapped with the maximal increase in the number...

Effects of combination therapy with celecoxib and doxycycline on neointimal hyperplasia and inflammatory biomarkers in coronary artery disease patients treated with bare metal stents.

Yonsei Medical Journal — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 03:58:29 +0100

Conclusion: Our study failed to demonstrate any beneficial effects of the short-term therapy with celecoxib and doxycycline or with celecoxib alone in the suppression of inflammatory biomarkers or in the inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia. Large scale randomized trials are necessary to define the role of anti- inflammatory therapy in the inhibition of neointimal hyperplasia. PMID: 22187234 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Yonsei Medical Journal)

Loss of the preconditioning effect of rosuvastatin during sustained therapy: a human in vivo study

AJP: Heart and Circulatory Physiology — Fri, 23 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Studies have demonstrated that the acute administration of 3-hydroxy-3 methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors has protective effects in the setting of ischemia-reperfusion (IR). Previously, we demonstrated that a single dose of rosuvastatin prevented IR-induced endothelial dysfunction in humans through a cyclooxygenase-2-dependent mechanism. Whether the chronic administration of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors provides similar protection remains controversial and is unknown in humans. Eighteen male volunteers were randomized to receive a single dose of rosuvastatin (20 mg) or placebo. Twenty-four hours later, endothelium-dependent, radial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was measured before and after IR (15 min of upper arm ischemia followed by 15 min of reperfusion). In ...

Effect of celecoxib on proliferation, collagen expression, ERK1/2 and SMAD2/3 phosphorylation in NIH/3T3 fibroblasts.

European Journal of Pharmacology — Fri, 23 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Li F, Liu S, Ouyang Y, Fan C, Wang T, Zhang C, Zeng B, Chai Y, Wang X Abstract In the present study, the effects of celecoxib on proliferation, collagen expression, ERK1/2 and SMAD2/3 phosphorylation in NIH/3T3 fibroblasts were investigated. NIH/3T3 fibroblasts stimulated with fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) or transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) were examined in the presence of celecoxib. Proliferation was assessed by MTT assays; ERK1/2 expression and SMAD2/3 expression were assessed by quantitative RT-PCR and western blotting; ERK1/2 phosphorylation and SMAD2/3 phosphorylation were assessed by western blot analysis. The results indicated that celecoxib could suppress cell proliferation stimulated by FGF-2 (IC(50) FGF+group, 75±1.9μmol/l) and TGF-β1 (IC(50) TGF...

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Kv7 potassium channels in airway smooth muscle cells: signal transduction intermediates and pharmacological targets for bronchodilator therapy

AJP: Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Expression and function of Kv7 (KCNQ) voltage-activated potassium channels in guinea pig and human airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) were investigated by quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR), patch-clamp electrophysiology, and precision-cut lung slices. qRT-PCR revealed expression of multiple KCNQ genes in both guinea pig and human ASMCs. Currents with electrophysiological and pharmacological characteristics of Kv7 currents were measured in freshly isolated guinea pig and human ASMCs. In guinea pig ASMCs, Kv7 currents were significantly suppressed by application of the bronchoconstrictor agonists methacholine (100 nM) or histamine (30 μM), but current amplitudes were restored by addition of a Kv7 channel activator, flupirtine (10 μM). Kv7 currents i...

Celecoxib may prevent lung cancer

Cancer — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 01:26:38 +0100

(Source: Cancer)

Sensitivity of gait parameters to the effects of anti‐inflammatory and opioid treatments in knee osteoarthritis patients

Journal of Orthopaedic Research — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe study aim was to address the need for objective markers of pain‐modifying interventions by testing the hypothesis that selective gait measures of knee joint loading can distinguish differences between non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory (NSAID), analgesic treatment (opioid‐receptor agonist), and placebo in patients medial knee osteoarthritis (OA). A randomized, single‐blind washout, double‐blind treatment, double‐dummy cross‐over trial using three treatment arms placebo, opioid (Oxycodone), and NSAID (Celecoxib) in medial compartment knee OA patients. Six patients with Kellgren–Lawrence radiographic severity grades of 2 or 3 completed six testing sessions (gait and pain assessment) at 2‐week intervals. A significant increase was found in the knee total reaction ...

CELEBREX (Celecoxib) Capsule [H.J. Harkins Company, Inc.]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Dec 15, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

Small bowel injury induced by selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors: a prospective, double-blind, randomized clinical trial comparing celecoxib and meloxicam

Journal of Gastroenterology — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 16:31:37 +0100

Conclusions Selective COX-2 inhibitors are not completely safe for the small bowel. The mucosal lesions may be less severe with celecoxib than with meloxicam. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original Article—Alimentary TractPages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00535-011-0501-zAuthors Yuji Maehata, Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 JapanMotohiro Esaki, Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-8582 JapanToshibumi Morishita, Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka, 812-858...

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Celecoxib: A Review of its Use for Symptomatic Relief in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis and Ankylosing Spondylitis

Drugs — Sat, 10 Dec 2011 07:06:09 +0100

(Source: Drugs)

COX-2-independent induction of apoptosis by celecoxib and polyamine naphthalimide conjugate mediated by polyamine depression in colorectal cancer cell lines

International Journal of Colorectal Disease — Fri, 09 Dec 2011 06:50:13 +0100

Conclusions Co-treatment of celecoxib and NPC-16 could induce colorectal cancer cell apoptosis via COX-2-independent and caspase-dependent mechanisms. The combination therapy with these agents might provide a novel therapeutic model for colorectal cancer. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00384-011-1379-1Authors Song-qiang Xie, Institute of Chemical Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, ChinaYa-hong Zhang, The Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 ChinaQian Li, The Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 ChinaJian-hong Wang, The Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine and Immuno-Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004 Ch...

In Vitro Characterization of Chitosan Gels for Buccal Delivery of Celecoxib: Influence of a Penetration Enhancer.

AAPS PharmSciTech — Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

In this study, the in vitro characterization of mucoadhesive chitosan (CHT) gels associated to Azone® was assessed to explore the potential buccal mucosal administration of Cx in this tissue. Rheological properties of gels were analyzed by a rheometer with cone-plate geometry. In vitro Cx release and permeability studies used artificial membranes and pig cheek mucosa, respectively. Mucoadhesion were measured with a universal test machine. CHT gels (3.0%) containing 2.0% or 3.0% Az showed more appropriate characteristics compared to the others: pH values, rheology, higher amount of Cx retained in the mucosa, and minimal permeation through mucosa, besides the highest mucoadhesion values, ideal for buccal application. Moreover, the flux (J) and amounts of drug released decreased with increas...

Antiangiogenic metronomic therapy for children with recurrent embryonal brain tumors

Pediatric Blood and Cancer — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionOur results suggest that the chosen antiangiogenic drug combination is particularly beneficial for patients with MB and warrants further investigation. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer)

Heteroaromatic analogues of 1,5-diarylpyrazole class as anti-inflammatory agents

Medicinal Chemistry Research — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 17:43:41 +0100

Abstract A novel series of heteroaromatic analogues of known anti-inflammatory (AI) drug celecoxib replacing the benzenesulfonamide moiety with 6-sulfonamidobenzothiazol-2-yl moiety was synthesized. Regioselective synthesis of the target compounds 2a–i having 1,5-diaryl relationship was achieved by exploring reaction conditions. All the newly synthesized compounds (2a–i and 8) were screened for their in vivo AI activity using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema assay. Five compounds (2c–f and 2i) were found to possess good AI activity (≥60% inhibition), 3 h after the carrageenan injection when compared to that of standard drug indomethacin (78%), whereas the remaining four compounds (2a–b and 2g–h) with 1,5-diaryl relationship have shown moderate activity with 4...

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Melatonin sensitizes human hepatoma cells to endoplasmic reticulum stress‐induced apoptosis

Journal of Pineal Research — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractEndoplasmic reticulum stress‐mediated cell apoptosis is implicated in the development of cancer. Melatonin induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma in experimental studies but the effects of melatonin on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress‐induced apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma has not been tested. Differences in ER‐stress induced apoptosis in human hepatoma cells and normal human hepatocyte were investigated by exposure to tunicamycin (ER stress inducer). Significant differences were observed in the rate of apoptosis between HepG2 cells (hepatoma cells) and HL‐7702 cells (normal human hepatocyte cells). The expression of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) was increased in HepG2 cells but not in HL‐7702 cells. Furthermore, down‐regulation of COX‐2 expression using...

Melatonin sensitizes human hepatoma cells to endoplasmic reticulum stress–induced apoptosis

Journal of Pineal Research — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Endoplasmic reticulum stress–mediated cell apoptosis is implicated in the development of cancer. Melatonin induces apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in experimental studies, but the effects of melatonin on endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress–induced apoptosis in HCC have not been tested. Differences in ER stress–induced apoptosis in human hepatoma cells and normal human hepatocyte were investigated by exposure to tunicamycin (ER stress inducer). Significant differences were observed in the rate of apoptosis between HepG2 cells (hepatoma cells) and HL‐7702 cells (normal human hepatocyte cells). The expression of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) was increased in HepG2 cells but not in HL‐7702 cells. Furthermore, down‐regulation of COX‐2 expression using the COX...

Enhanced antitumor effect of lower-dose and longer-term CPT-11 treatment in combination with low-dose celecoxib against neuroblastoma xenografts

International Journal of Clinical Oncology — Wed, 30 Nov 2011 09:22:01 +0100

Conclusion Our findings demonstrate that lower-dose and longer-term CPT-11 treatment in combination with simultaneous low-dose celecoxib enhances antitumor activity and can successfully eradicate most of the neuroblastoma xenografts. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s10147-011-0354-8Authors Setsuko Kaneko, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Ten-nodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, JapanMichio Kaneko, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Ten-nodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, JapanTakashi Fukushima, Department of Pediatric Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Ten...

A High-Fat Diet Induces Bone Loss in Mice Lacking the Alox5 Gene.

Endocrinology — Tue, 29 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Le P, Kawai M, Bornstein S, Demambro VE, Horowitz MC, Rosen CJ Abstract 5-Lipoxygenase catalyzes leukotriene generation from arachidonic acid. The gene that encodes 5-lipoxygenase, Alox5, has been identified in genome-wide association and mouse Quantitative Trait Locus studies as a candidate gene for obesity and low bone mass. Thus, we tested the hypothesis that Alox5(-/-) mice would exhibit metabolic and skeletal changes when challenged by a high-fat diet (HFD). On a regular diet, Alox5(-/-) mice did not differ in total body weight, percent fat mass, or bone mineral density compared with wild-type (WT) controls (P < 0.05). However, when placed on a HFD, Alox5(-/-) gained more fat mass and lost greater areal bone mass vs. WT (P < 0.05). Microarchitectural analyses re...

Combined histone deacetylase and cyclooxygenase inhibition achieves enhanced antiangiogenic effects in lung cancer cells

Molecular Carcinogenesis — Mon, 28 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

In this study, we identify a potentially adverse effect of HDACIs through induction of both 15‐PGDH and COX‐2 leading to elevated PGE2 levels and thereby stimulation of angiogenesis. Co‐treatment of TSA and INN shows more potent anti‐angiogenic effects by inducing 15‐PGDH and inhibiting COX‐2. Overall, our results suggest that combined HDACI and COX inhibition should be explored clinically to achieve more meaningful benefits from HDACI therapy in lung cancer. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Molecular Carcinogenesis)

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A randomised feasibility study of EPA and Cox-2 inhibitor (Celebrex) versus EPA, Cox-2 inhibitor (Celebrex), Resistance Training followed by ingestion of essential amino acids high in leucine in NSCLC cachectic patients-ACCeRT Study.

BMC Cancer — Wed, 23 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

DiscussionTo our knowledge ACCeRT offers for the first time the opportunity to investigate the effect of stimulating the anabolic skeletal muscle pathway with the use of PRT along with EAA alongside the combination of EPA and celecoxib in this population.Trial registration: ACTRN12611000870954 (Source: BMC Cancer)

CELEBREX (Celecoxib) Capsule [Lake Erie Medical Surgical Supply DBA Quality Care Products LLC]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Wed, 23 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Nov 23, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

Safety of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, including aspirin and paracetamol (acetaminophen) in people receiving methotrexate for inflammatory arthritis (rheumatoid arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, other spondyloarthritis).

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Sun, 20 Nov 2011 22:06:03 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: In the management of rheumatoid arthritis, the concurrent use of NSAIDs with methotrexate appears to be safe provided appropriate monitoring is performed. The use of anti-inflammatory doses of aspirin should be avoided. PMID: 22071858 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)

Lumiracoxib for acute postoperative dental pain: a systematic review of randomized clinical trials.

Sao Paulo Medical Journal — Sun, 20 Nov 2011 21:06:02 +0100

CONCLUSION: There is evidence with a moderate risk of bias that recommends the use of lumiracoxib for acute postoperative dental pain. However, the adverse effects are not completely known. Given that lumiracoxib is currently available in only three countries, further studies are likely to be rare and discouraged. PMID: 22069133 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Sao Paulo Medical Journal)

Constitutive Overexpression of the Oncogene Rac1 in the Airway of Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis Patients is a Targetable Host-Susceptibility Factor.

Molecular Medicine — Fri, 18 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lucs AV, Wu R, Mullooly V, Abramson AL, Steinberg BM Abstract Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is caused by human papillomaviruses (HPV), primarily types 6 and 11. The disease is characterized by multiple recurrences of airway papillomas, resulting in high levels of morbidity and significant mortality. The prevalence of latent HPV in the larynx of the general population is much greater than the prevalence of RRP, suggesting a host-susceptibility factor for disease. Here we report that the oncogene Rac1 and its downstream product COX-2 are both constitutively expressed at high levels throughout the airway of these patients, independent of active HPV infection. Use of the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib in primary papilloma cell culture resulted in the down-regulation of...

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Prostaglandin E2 potentiates methylmalonate‐induced seizures

Epilepsia — Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

SummaryPurpose: Methylmalonic acidemias are inherited metabolic disorders characterized by methylmalonate (MMA) accumulation and neurologic dysfunction, including seizures. It is known that metabolic crises in affected patients are precipitated by infections. Although growing evidence supports that inflammation facilitates seizures, it is not known whether inflammatory mediators facilitate MMA‐induced seizures. Therefore, in this study we investigate the involvement of cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in MMA‐induced seizures.Methods: Adult male Wistar rats were implanted with electrodes over the parietal cortex for electroencephalography (EEG) recording and a cannula in the right lateral ventricle. Animals were injected with PGE2 (100 ng/2 μl, i.c.v.)...

Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Phase III Study of Docetaxel Plus Carboplatin With Celecoxib and Cyclooxygenase-2 Expression As a Biomarker for Patients With Advanced Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer: The NVALT-4 Study [Thoracic Oncology]

Journal of Clinical Oncology — Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion In advanced NSCLC, celecoxib does not improve survival. In this study, COX-2 expression was not a prognostic biomarker and had no predictive value when celecoxib was added to chemotherapy. (Source: Journal of Clinical Oncology)

CELEBREX (Celecoxib) Capsule [PD-Rx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Tue, 08 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Nov 8, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

Stroke risk and NSAIDs: an Australian population-based study

NeLM - News — Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Source: The Medical Journal of Australia Area: News According to the results of a retrospective cohort study published in the Medical Journal of Australia, incident use of NSAIDs was associated with an increased stroke risk. The absolute risk of stroke was low however; and the resultant absolute increase was therefore also small. The authors note that most of the studies evaluating the use of NSAIDs and the risk of cardiovascular events have looked at a combined endpoint; few have examined the specific association of their use with the risk of stroke. They analysed data from the Department of Veterans' Affairs administrative claims database (from 2001-2008) to determine the association between hospitalisation for stroke and the prescription of NSAIDs in the Au...

Treatment of Osteoarthritis with Continuous Versus Intermittent Celecoxib.

J Rheumatol — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Continuous treatment with celecoxib 200 mg/day was significantly more efficacious than intermittent use in preventing OA flares of the hip and knee, without an increase in overall AE, including gastrointestinal disorders and hypertension, during 22 weeks of treatment. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00139776. PMID: 22045833 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: J Rheumatol)

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[Survivin gene silencing inhibits the proliferation of human gastric cancer MGC-803 cells and enhances their sensitivity to celecoxib].

Journal of Southern Medical University — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: siRNA-mediated survivin silencing causes growth suppression of MGC-803 cells and enhances their sensitivity to celecoxib in vitro. PMID: 22126788 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Southern Medical University)

SHINBARO, a new herbal medicine with multifunctional mechanism for joint disease: First therapeutic application for the treatment of osteoarthritis.

Archives of Pharmacal Research — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lee SY, Kwon HK, Lee SM Abstract SHINBARO is a purified extract from a mixture of 6 oriental herbs (Ledebouriellae Radix, Achyranthis Radix, Acanthopanacis Cortex, Cibotii Rhizoma, Glycine Semen, and Eucommiae Cortex) that have been used as a traditional medicine for treatment of several inflammatory diseases and bone disorders. We determined antiinflammatory and antinociceptive activities of SHINBARO in adjuvant-induced (osteo)arthritis in rats. This potential anti-(osteo)arthritic property of SHINBARO can be due to the downregulation of inflammatory mediators such as iNOS, COX-2, and TNF-α, the increase of pain threshold in the peripheral system, the activation of alkaline phosphatase in osteoblasts, the suppression of proteoglycan degradation, and the inhibition of MMP...

Inhibition of cyclooxygenase‐2 causes regression of gastric adenomas in trefoil factor 1 deficient mice

International Journal of Cancer — Mon, 31 Oct 2011 00:10:29 +0100

AbstractCyclooxygenase‐2 (Cox‐2) expression is a marker of reduced survival in gastric cancer patients, and inhibition of Cox‐2 suppresses gastrointestinal carcinogenesis in experimental animal models. To investigate the role of Cox‐2 in gastric carcinogenesis in vivo, we utilized trefoil factor 1 (Tff1) deficient mice, which model the neoplastic process of the stomach by developing gastric adenomas with full penetrance. These tumors express Cox‐2 protein and mRNA, and we have now investigated the effects of genetic deletion of the mouse Cox‐2 gene [also known as prostaglandin‐endoperoxide synthase 2 (Ptgs2)] and a Cox‐2 selective drug celecoxib. Our results show that genetic deletion of Cox‐2 in the Tff1 deleted background resulted in reduced adenoma size and ulceration ...

Effects of cyclooxygenase inhibition on cardiovascular function in a hypercholesterolemic swine model of chronic ischemia.

American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology — Fri, 28 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We examined the effects of nonselective and selective COX inhibition on cardiovascular function in a hypercholesterolemic swine model of chronic ischemia. 24 intact male Yorkshire swine underwent left circumflex ameroid constrictor placement, and were subsequently given either no drug (HCC, n=8), non-selective COX-inhibitor (naproxen 440 mg/day, HCNS, n=8), or selective COX-2 inhibitor (celecoxib 200 mg/day, HCCX, n=8). After 7 weeks, myocardial functional was measured and myocardium from the nonischemic ventricle (NV) and ischemic area-at-risk (AAR) analyzed. Regional function as measured by segmental shortening was improved in the AAR of HCCX compared to HCC. There was no significant difference in perfusion to the NV between groups, but myocardial perfusion in the AAR was significantly i...

Celecoxib prevents capecitabine-related hand-foot syndrome

Reactions — Sat, 22 Oct 2011 05:54:13 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

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A novel inhibitor of focal adhesion signaling induces caspase-independent cell death in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Blood — Thu, 20 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Focal adhesion (FA) proteins have been associated with transformation, migration, metastasis, and poor outcome in many neoplasias. We previously showed that these proteins were inhibited by E7123, a new celecoxib derivative with antitumor activity, in acute myeloid leukemia. However, little is known about FAs in diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This paper aimed to determine whether E7123 was effective against DLBCL and whether FAs were involved in its action. We evaluated the cytotoxicity and mechanism of action of E7123 and celecoxib in DLBCL cell lines. We also assessed the E7123 in vivo activity in a DLBCL xenograft model and studied FA signaling in primary DLBCL patient samples. We found that E7123 showed higher antitumor effect than celecoxib against DLBCL cells. Its mechanism o...

Transgenic insulin‐like growth factor‐1 stimulates activation of COX‐2 signaling in mammary glands

Molecular Carcinogenesis — Mon, 17 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractStudies show that elevated insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) levels are associated with an increased risk of breast cancer; however, mechanisms through which IGF‐1 promotes mammary tumorigenesis in vivo have not been fully elucidated. To assess the possible involvement of COX‐2 signaling in the pro‐tumorigenic effects of IGF‐1 in mammary glands, we used the unique BK5.IGF‐1 mouse model in which transgenic (Tg) mice have significantly increased incidence of spontaneous and DMBA‐induced mammary cancer compared to wild type (WT) littermates. Studies revealed that COX‐2 expression was significantly increased in Tg mammary glands and tumors, compared to age‐matched WTs. Consistent with this, PGE2 levels were also increased in Tg mammary glands. Analysis of expre...

Loss of the preconditioning effect of rosuvastatin during sustained therapy: A human in vivo study.

American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology — Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Liuni A, Luca MC, Gori T, Parker JD Abstract Studies have demonstrated that the acute administration of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors has protective effects in the setting of ischemia-reperfusion (IR). Previously, we demonstrated that a single dose of rosuvastatin prevented IR-induced endothelial dysfunction in humans through a cyclooxygenase-2-dependent mechanism. Whether the chronic administration of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors provides similar protection remains controversial and is unknown in humans. Eighteen male volunteers were randomized to receive a single dose of rosuvastatin (20 mg) or placebo. Twenty-four hours later, endothelium-dependent, radial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) was measured before and after IR (15' of upper-arm ischemia followed by 15' of r...

The rat intervertebral disc degeneration pain model: relationship among biological and structural alterations and pain

Arthritis Research and Therapy — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Although similarities in gene expression profiles suggest potential overlap in chronic pain pathways linked to disc injury or neuropathy, drug-testing results suggest that pain pathways linked to these two chronic pain conditions are mechanistically distinct. Our findings provide a foundation for future research on new therapeutic interventions that can lead to improvements in the treatment of back pain patients due to disc degeneration. (Source: Arthritis Research and Therapy)

A preliminary randomized double–blind clinical trial on the efficacy of celecoxib as an adjunct in the treatment of obsessive–compulsive disorder

Psychiatry Research — Wed, 05 Oct 2011 03:45:59 +0100

Abstract: Obsessive–compulsive disorder is a common neuropsychiatric condition. Although a variety of pharmaceutical agents is available for its treatment, psychiatrists have found that many patients cannot tolerate the side effects, do not respond to treatment adequately, and may finally discontinue their treatment. However, augmentation strategies have been shown to have some benefits in the treatment of OCD. These include reducing both the overall cost of treatment and the side effects. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of celecoxib as an adjuvant agent in the treatment of OCD in an 8-week, double-blind, placebo controlled trial. To this end, 25 patients were assigned to a study group and were given fluoxetine 20mg/day plus celecoxib 400mg/day (200mg BID). The contr...

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CELEBREX (Celecoxib) Capsule [Unit Dose Services]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Mon, 03 Oct 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Oct 3, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

Stroke risk and NSAIDs: a systematic review of observational studies

Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety — Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

ConclusionThis meta‐analysis supports an increased risk of ischemic stroke with the current use of rofecoxib and diclofenac. Additional studies are required to evaluate most individual NSAIDS, the effect of dose and duration, and the subtypes of stroke. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety)

Celecoxib Promotes c-FLIP Degradation through Akt-Independent Inhibition of GSK3.

Cell Research — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In this study, we defined a mechanism of celecoxib action based on degradation of cellular FLICE-inhibitory protein (c-FLIP), a major regulator of the death receptor pathway of apoptosis. c-FLIP protein levels are regulated by ubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation. We found that celecoxib controlled c-FLIP ubiquitination through Akt-independent inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK3), itself a candidate therapeutic target of interest in colon cancer. Celecoxib increased the levels of phosphorylated GSK3, including the α and β forms, even in cell lines, where phosphorylated Akt levels were not increased. Phosphoinositide 3-kinase inhibitors abrogated Akt phosphorylation as expected but had no effect on celecoxib-induced GSK3 phosphorylation. In contrast, protein kinas...

Comparison and validation of data‐mining indices for signal detection: using the Korean national health insurance claims database

Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

ConclusionThis study suggested that the RR was the most accurate of the DMIs for detecting signals in the claims database. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety)

Characterization of a new animal model for evaluation and treatment of back pain due to lumbar facet joint osteoarthritis

Arthritis and Rheumatism — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 00:22:13 +0100

ConclusionOur findings demonstrate that MIA injection provides a useful model for the study of OA changes in the facet joint and indicate that facet joint degeneration is a major cause of chronic low back pain. The treatment results suggest that classes of drugs that are widely used to treat OA, such as nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, may have limited efficacy once joint destruction is complete. (Source: Arthritis and Rheumatism)

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Celecoxib Promotes c-FLIP Degradation through Akt-Independent Inhibition of GSK3

Cancer Research — Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Heart risk of painkillers examined

NHS News Feed — Wed, 28 Sep 2011 18:05:00 +0100

Conclusion This large review has published some important information on the cardiovascular risks associated with NSAIDs, including the risk associated with different doses and in populations at both high and low risk of cardiovascular events. It raises concerns about some of these risks, in particular the risk associated with the widely used non-prescription drug diclofenac. As its authors point out, it had some limitations. It had to rely on observational studies (rather than randomised controlled trials), which are subject to bias, especially in terms of other factors (confounders) that might influence results. However, the researchers did take steps to minimise this risk. The data in the studies mainly came from large administrative databases and electronic health records, and ma...

Systematic Review: Cardiovascular risk with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

NeLM - News — Wed, 28 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Source: PLoS Medicine Area: News PLoS Medicine has featured a systematic review of population-based controlled observational studies that have evaluated the cardiovascular risks associated with the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). A total of 30 case-control studies (reporting 184,946 cardiovascular events) and 21 cohort studies (describing outcomes in more than 2.7million exposed individuals) were identified for inclusion in the systematic review. The following results were reported: . Of the extensively studied drugs (ten or more studies), the highest overall risks were seen with rofecoxib, 1.45 (95% CI 1.33 to 1.59), and diclofenac, 1.40 (1.27 to 1.55), and the lowest with ibuprofen, 1.18 (1.11 to 1.25), and naproxen, 1.09 (1.02 to 1.16)....

Nitric oxide-releasing aspirin but not conventional aspirin improves healing of experimental colitis.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Wed, 28 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: NO-releasing ASA, in contrast to ASA, COX-1 inhibitors, and SC-560, accelerated the healing of colitis via a mechanism involving NO mediated improvement of microcirculation and activation of sensory nerves releasing CGRP. PMID: 22039321 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

Cardiovascular Risk with Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs: Systematic Review of Population-Based Controlled Observational Studies

PLoS Medicine — Tue, 27 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions This review suggests that among widely used NSAIDs, naproxen and low-dose ibuprofen are least likely to increase cardiovascular risk. Diclofenac in doses available without prescription elevates risk. The data for etoricoxib were sparse, but in pair-wise comparisons this drug had a significantly higher RR than naproxen or ibuprofen. Indomethacin is an older, rather toxic drug, and the evidence on cardiovascular risk casts doubt on its continued clinical use. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary (Source: PLoS Medicine)

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Detection of human cytomegalovirus in medulloblastomas reveals a potential therapeutic target

Journal of Clinical Investigation — Tue, 27 Sep 2011 00:06:15 +0100

Medulloblastomas are the most common malignant brain tumors in children. They express high levels of COX-2 and produce PGE2, which stimulates tumor cell proliferation. Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is prevalent in the human population and encodes proteins that provide immune evasion strategies and promote oncogenic transformation and oncomodulation. In particular, HCMV induces COX-2 expression; STAT3 phosphorylation; production of PGE2, vascular endothelial growth factor, and IL-6; and tumor formation in vivo. Here, we show that a large proportion of primary medulloblastomas and medulloblastoma cell lines are infected with HCMV and that COX-2 expression, along with PGE2 levels, in tumors is directly modulated by the virus. Our analysis indicated that both HCMV immediate-early proteins and l...

Celecoxib can prevent capecitabine-related hand-foot syndrome in stage II and III colorectal cancer patients: result of a single-center, prospective randomized phase III trial.

Ann Oncol — Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Celecoxib can be used effectively and safely to prevent capecitabine-related HFS. PMID: 21940785 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Ann Oncol)

Celecoxib: considerations regarding its potential disease modifying properties in osteoarthritis

Arthritis Research and Therapy — Wed, 21 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease and is characterized by progressive loss of articular cartilage, subchondral bone sclerosis, osteophyte formation, and synovial inflammation, causing substantial physical disability, impaired quality of life, and significant health care utilization. Traditionally, treating pain and inflammation in OA, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) including selective COX-2 inhibitors have been used. Besides its anti-inflammatory properties, evidence is accumulating that celecoxib, one of the selective COX-2 inhibitors, has additional disease modifying effects. Celecoxib was shown to affect all structures involved in OA pathogenesis: cartilage, bone, and synovium. Next to COX-2 inhibition, evidence exists that celecoxib also modulates COX-2-ind...

Celecoxib: Minimal change disease and acute renal failure in an elderly patient: case report

Reactions — Sun, 18 Sep 2011 23:35:47 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Fulminant myocarditis as a late sequela of DRESS: Two cases

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology — Sun, 18 Sep 2011 01:35:54 +0100

To the Editor: A 31-year-old African American woman was diagnosed with drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome/drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DIHS/DRESS) following a presentation of fevers, facial edema, cervical lymphadenopathy, a diffuse morbilliform eruption (), leukocytosis with 11% eosinophilia, acute renal failure, and hepatitis (Case 1). A biopsy specimen of her eruption showed a vacuolar interface dermatitis with numerous apoptotic keratinocytes throughout the epidermis. She was treated with systemic corticosteroids, cyclosporine, and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) due to a relapsing-remitting course of disease. Her new medications at original presentation consisted of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole for a respiratory tract infection and zonisamide for migrain...

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Single dose oral analgesics for acute postoperative pain in adults.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Fri, 16 Sep 2011 09:32:03 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: There is a wealth of reliable evidence on the analgesic efficacy of single dose oral analgesics. There is also important information on drugs for which there are no data, inadequate data, or where results are unreliable due to susceptibility to publication bias. This should inform choices by professionals and consumers. PMID: 21901726 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)

Preventing Colon Cancer Without Increasing Heart Disease Risk

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 15 Sep 2011 08:00:00 +0100

Several clinical studies have shown that taking the anti-inflammatory drug celecoxib can reduce the risk of developing polyps that lead to colon cancers, at the cost of increasing the risk of heart disease. But what if this tradeoff was not necessary? Researchers at Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University have identified a way that celecoxib (Celebrex) pushes cancer cells into suicide, separately from its known effects. The Winship team's results outline a route to alternatives to celecoxib that keep its cancer-preventive properties while avoiding its risks... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Separating a cancer prevention drug from heart disease risk

ScienceDaily Headlines — Tue, 13 Sep 2011 15:14:14 +0100

Celecoxib reduces the risk of developing precancerous colon polyps, at the cost of increased heart disease risk. By looking closely at how celecoxib acts in the cell, it may be possible to get the benefit without the added risk. Celecoxib inhibits the enzyme GSK3, possibly accounting for its anticancer effects in multiple cell types. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)

Protection against titanium particle-induced osteoclastogenesis by cyclooxygenase-2 selective inhibitor.

Cell Research — Tue, 13 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In this study, we investigated the role of COX-2 in the regulation of osteoclast differentiation in the osteoclast precursor cell line RAW264.7 stimulated with titanium (Ti) particles. The results showed COX-2 expression in the early stages of RAW264.7 differentiation when stimulated with receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL) and Ti particles. Blockade of COX-2 by celecoxib, a COX-2 selective inhibitor, effectively reduced the expression of PGE2 and inhibited differentiation of RAW264.7 cells into tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase-positive (TRAP(+) ) osteoclastic cells. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction revealed that celecoxib inhibited mRNA expression of RANK, cathepsin K (CPK), TRAP, and the nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) in RAW264....

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Elevated macrophage migration inhibitory factor and decreased transforming growth factor-beta levels in major depression — No influence of celecoxib treatment

Journal of Affective Disorders — Tue, 13 Sep 2011 03:39:46 +0100

Abstract: Objectives: The involvement of an immune process in the pathophysiology of major depression disorder (MDD) was substantiated by studies demonstrating elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors lead to a reduced production of PGE2 and have been shown to improve depressive symptoms. We investigated the three immune parameters macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and soluble CD14 (sCD14) in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib as add-on therapy in patients with MDD treated with reboxetine.Methods: Thirty-two patients with depression and 20 healthy controls participated in the study. The patients were treated with reboxetine and celecox...

Novel selective Cox-2 inhibitors induce apoptosis in Caco-2 colorectal carcinoma cell line.

European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences — Sat, 10 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

This study indicates that 4,5-bisaryl imidazolyl imidazole is a suitable scaffold to design COX-2 inhibitors and 4,5-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)-1H-imidazol-2-yl derivative exhibited highly COX-2 inhibitory potency and selectivity even more than celecoxib. It seems that it could induce apoptosis in Caco-2 colorectal carcinoma cell line. PMID: 21939759 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: European Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences)

Celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, improved upper gastrointestinal lesions in rheumatoid arthritis patients as assessed by endoscopic evaluation

Modern Rheumatology — Fri, 09 Sep 2011 05:47:03 +0100

Abstract We prospectively evaluated the effects of celecoxib (CEL) on the gastrointestinal (GI) tract of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with endoscopically identified GI mucosal injury after therapeutic switching from the long-term use of traditional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). Upper GI endoscopy was performed on RA patients who had been treated with NSAIDs for ≥3 months. GI mucosal injury was evaluated according to the modified LANZA score. Patients with mucosal injury without ulcers were switched from NSAIDs to CEL, while those with ulcers were switched to CEL with famotidine after ulcer healing. At week 16 of treatment, GI mucosal injury was endoscopically revaluated. An efficacy analysis was performed before therapeutic switching and at 8 ...

Lack of chondroprotective effect of cyclooxygenase‐2 inhibition in a mouse surgical osteoarthritis model

Arthritis and Rheumatism — Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion.Although expressions of the two COX enzymes were distinctly regulated during the OA development, experiments using the inhibitor and genetic deficiency demonstrated a lack of chondroprotective effect of COX‐2 inhibition in the mouse surgical OA model. (Source: Arthritis and Rheumatism)

Ibuprofen may ‘raise miscarriage risk’

NHS News Feed — Wed, 07 Sep 2011 10:36:00 +0100

Conclusion This is a large, well-conducted study, the findings of which have been replicated in other studies and its conclusions are likely to be reliable. To explore whether women had taken NSAIDs during pregnancy, the researchers used accurate information from prescriptions rather than asking women to recall what drugs they might have used. Formal medical diagnosis of miscarriage was also used in the analysis rather than relying on patients’ recall. The researchers also adjusted their results for a large number of confounders that might affect the risk of miscarriage. However, as the authors note, the study also had some limitations. It is possible (although probably unlikely), that some women used over-the-counter NSAIDs rather than prescription drugs and these women would not have b...

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Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Taken In Early Pregnancy More Than Double Risk Of Miscarriage

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 07 Sep 2011 09:00:00 +0100

The risk of miscarriage is 2.4 times greater for women who took any type and dosage of nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in early pregnancy, according to a University of Montreal study in CMAJ (Canadian Medical Association Journal). Nonaspirin NSAIDs are a class of drugs that include naproxen, ibuprofen, diclofenac, and celecoxib, and are one of the most common medications used during pregnancy. However, there are concerns about use of these drugs in pregnancy, although studies on the risks have been inconsistent... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Use of nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs during pregnancy and the risk of spontaneous abortion.

cmaj — Tue, 06 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Nakhai-Pour HR, Broy P, Sheehy O, Bérard A Abstract BACKGROUND:The association between the use of nonaspirin nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) during pregnancy and the risk of spontaneous abortion remains unclear because of inconsistent research results and the lack of evidence for an effect due to specific types or dosages of nonaspirin NSAIDs. We aimed to quantify the association between having a spontaneous abortion and types and dosages of nonaspirin NSAIDs in a cohort of pregnant women. METHODS:Using a nested case-control design, we obtained data from the Quebec Pregnancy Registry for 4705 women who had a spontaneous abortion. For each instance, we randomly selected 10 controls from the remaining women in the registry who were matched by index date (date ...

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and risk of lower gastrointestinal adverse events: a nationwide study in Taiwan

Gut — Sun, 04 Sep 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Oral and parenteral NSAIDs were associated with significantly increased risk for lower GI adverse events. Celecoxib also increased risk to a comparable extent, despite risk estimates being affected slightly by the control period chosen for comparison. The association of NSAIDs with specific lower GI adverse events and long-term complications requires further investigation. (Source: Gut)

COX-2 inhibition alters the phenotype of tumor-associated macrophages from M2 to M1 in ApcMin/+ mouse polyps

Carcinogenesis — Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Macrophages are a major component of tumor stroma. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) show anti- (M1) or protumor (M2) functions depending on the cytokine milieu of the tumor microenvironment. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is constitutively expressed in a variety of tumors including colorectal cancer. TAMs are known to be a major source of COX-2 in human and mice intestinal tumors. COX-2 inhibitor reduces the number and size of intestinal adenomas in familial adenomatous polyposis patients and ApcMin/+ mice. Although COX-2 inhibitor is thought to regulate cancer-related inflammation, its effect on TAM phenotype remains unknown. Here, we examined the effects of COX-2 inhibition on TAM phenotype and cytokine expression both in vivo and in vitro. Firstly, the selective COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib c...

Celecoxib, a Selective Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitor, Attenuates Renal Injury in a Rat Model of Cisplatin-Induced Nephrotoxicity

Chemotherapy — Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Chemotherapy 2011;57:321–326 (DOI:10.1159/000329529) (Source: Chemotherapy)

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Chemistry: Facile fluorine functionality

Nature — Tue, 30 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Chemistry: Facile fluorine functionality Nature 477, 7362 (2011). doi:10.1038/477008c The trifluoromethyl motif (-CF3) is popular in pharmaceuticals; it is often used to fine-tune a drug's activity, for example in the anti-inflammatory celecoxib. But few reactions can attach the CF3 group to compounds and most involve reagents that are tricky to (Source: Nature)

Celecoxib inactivates epithelial–mesenchymal transition stimulated by hypoxia and/or epidermal growth factor in colon cancer cells

Molecular Carcinogenesis — Tue, 30 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractCelecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase‐2 (COX‐2) inhibitor, has been reported to exert chemopreventive and antitumor effects on colon cancer, one of the most common solid epithelial malignancy worldwide. The aim of this study was to elucidate whether celecoxib may be able to affect epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), a critical process involved in cancer cell invasiveness and metastasis and then proposed to be relevant for cancer progression. Human HT‐29 colon cancer cells were exposed to carefully controlled hypoxic conditions and/or epidermal growth factor (EGF) and then investigated for EMT changes and signal transduction pathways involved by using morphological, molecular, and cell biology techniques. Celecoxib inhibited basal and EGF‐stimulated proliferation, hyp...

Clinical and Immunomodulatory Effects of Celecoxib Plus Interferon-Alpha in Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Patients with COX-2 Tumor Immunostaining

Journal of Clinical Immunology — Tue, 30 Aug 2011 12:13:19 +0100

(Source: Journal of Clinical Immunology)

Cox-2 inhibitors induce early c-Myc downregulation and lead to expression of differentiation markers in leukemia cells.

Cell Cycle — Thu, 25 Aug 2011 22:12:25 +0100

In this study, we investigated the effect of three COX-2 inhibitors (nimesulide, NS-398 and celecoxib) on cell proliferation of leukemic and lymphoblastic cells expressing COX-2 at high (U937, Jurkat, Hel and Raji) and very low (K562) protein levels. We found that the inhibitors reduce cell proliferation in all COX-2-expressing cells leading to an accumulation in the G0/G1 phase of the cell cycle. We provide evidence that this modulation corresponds to an accumulation of cells in G0 paralleled by the expression of cell differentiation markers in U937 (CD15) and Hel (CD41a and CD61) cells but not in the insensitive K562. These events are associated with a rapid down-regulation (within one hour) of c-Myc expression, accompanied by the up-regulation of p27 and the down-regulation of PCNA and ...

Vascular endothelial growth factor regulates melanoma cell adhesion and growth in the bone marrow microenvironment via tumor cyclooxygenase-2

Journal of Translational Medicine — Wed, 24 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: We demonstrate the contribution of VEGF-induced tumor COX-2 to the regulation of adhesion- and proliferation-stimulating effects of TNFalpha, from endotoxin-activated bone marrow stromal cells, on VLA-4-expressing melanoma cells. These data suggest COX-2 neutralization as a potential anti-metastatic therapy in melanoma patients at high risk of systemic and bone dissemination due to intercurrent infectious and inflammatory diseases. (Source: Journal of Translational Medicine)

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The nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug celecoxib suppresses the growth and induces apoptosis of human glioblastoma cells via the NF-κB pathway

Journal of Neuro-Oncology — Wed, 17 Aug 2011 05:53:27 +0100

This study provides evidence that celecoxib suppresses the growth of GBM cell lines partly by inhibiting the NF-κB signaling pathway. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Laboratory Investigation - Human/Animal TissuePages 1-11DOI 10.1007/s11060-011-0662-xAuthors Gangadhara Reddy Sareddy, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046 IndiaKhamushavalli Geeviman, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046 IndiaChinta Ramulu, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046 IndiaPhanithi Prakash Babu, Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, 500046 India Journal Journal of Neur...

Impact of Celecoxib restrictions in medicare beneficiaries with arthritis.

The American Journal of Managed Care — Tue, 16 Aug 2011 16:00:02 +0100

Conclusions: The restricted group had significantly less use of celecoxib, indicating that restriction was effective at reducing celecoxib utilization. Although limitations exist when comparing populations from different health plans, and the underlying causes of serious GI complications are multifactorial, the restricted group had a higher incidence of serious GI complications and higher costs related to serious GI complications and arthritis. PMID: 21819170 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Managed Care)

Quality by design approach for developing chitosan-Ca-alginate microspheres for colon delivery of celecoxib-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin-PVP complex.

European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics — Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mennini N, Furlanetto S, Cirri M, Mura P Abstract The aim of the present work was to develop a new multiparticulate system, designed for colon-specific delivery of celecoxib for both systemic (in chronotherapic treatment of arthritis) and local (in prophylaxis of colon carcinogenesis) therapy. The system simultaneously benefits from ternary complexation with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin and PVP (polyvinylpyrrolidone), to increase drug solubility, and vectorization in chitosan-Ca-alginate microspheres, to exploit the colon-specific carrier properties of these polymers. Statistical experimental design was employed to investigate the combined effect of four formulation variables, i.e., % of alginate, CaCl(2), and chitosan and time of cross-linking on microsphere entrapment e...

Cost-Effectiveness of Aspirin, Celecoxib, and Calcium Chemoprevention for Colorectal Cancer.

Clinical Therapeutics — Wed, 10 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Calcium chemoprevention is likely to be a cost-effective option for individuals who have undergone polypectomy. Further research is required to assess the long-term benefits and harms of calcium compared with aspirin chemoprevention. Chemoprevention appears less economically attractive within the general population. PMID: 21840057 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Therapeutics)

Cooperative Enhancement of Radiosensitivity After Combined Treatment of 17-(Allylamino)-17-Demethoxygeldanamycin and Celecoxib in Human Lung and Colon Cancer Cell Lines

DNA and Cell Biology — Wed, 10 Aug 2011 18:39:23 +0100

DNA and Cell Biology , Vol. 0, No. 0. (Source: DNA and Cell Biology)

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COX-2 inhibition does not reverse the increased sympathetic modulation in MSG obese rats.

Autonomic Neuroscience — Fri, 05 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: da Cunha NV, Pinge-Filho P, Neto OB, Grassiolli S, Martins-Pinge MC Abstract We evaluate the effects of chronic treatment with celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, on blood pressure (BP) and heart rate variability (HRV) in obese rats induced by neonatal monosodium glutamate (MSG). The animals were treated with celecoxib or saline for 30days (from the 60th to the 90th day of age). On the 90th day, the MSG obesity induced an increase in the low-frequency (LF) component (CTR=5.69±18.30ms(2), MSG=38.49±6.27ms(2)) and a decrease in the high-frequency (HF) component of HRV (CTR=71.48±6.22ms(2), MSG=50.94±7.03ms(2)), which were unchanged by celecoxib treatment. We suggest that HRV in MSG obesity involves a greater sympathetic modulation not related with COX-2 prod...

Haemoglobin decreases in NSAID users over time: an analysis of two large outcome trials

Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics — Wed, 03 Aug 2011 17:06:32 +0100

Conclusion In these two large, independent trials, clinically‐meaningful decreases in haemoglobin ≥2 g/dL occurred in a relatively similar fashion over time despite differences in trial designs. (Source: Alimentary Pharmacology and Therapeutics)

Comparison of Different Loading Dose of Celecoxib on Postoperative Anti‐inflammation and Analgesia in Patients Undergoing Endoscopic Nasal Surgery—200 mg Is Equivalent to 400 mg

Pain Medicine — Tue, 02 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions. An initial dose of celecoxib 200 mg was equivalent to celecoxib 400 mg with regard to the margin previously specified at −0.6 in reducing moderate postoperative pain in endoscopic nasal surgery both in analgesic efficacy and anti‐inflammatory property. One hundred and twenty patients were included in this prospective randomized controlled study. Patients treated with celecoxib had lower pain scores than controls, pain scores correlating with local PGE2 level. An initial dose of celecoxib 200 mg was equivalent to 400 mg in reducing moderate pain after endoscopic nasal surgery. (Source: Pain Medicine)

COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib, may prevent lung cancer.

Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.) — Mon, 01 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: PMID: 21936449 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Oncology (Williston Park, N.Y.))

CELEBREX (Celecoxib) Capsule [Bryant Ranch Prepack]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Fri, 29 Jul 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Jul 29, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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The acid sphingomyelinase inhibitors block interferon-α-induced serotonin uptake via a COX-2/Akt/ERK/STAT-dependent pathway in T cells.

International Immunopharmacology — Thu, 28 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Su HC, Ma CT, Lin CF, Wu HT, Chuang YH, Chen LJ, Tsao CW Sphingomyelinase (SMase) regulates an activation of the sphingomyelin cycle. Recent studies have shown that it is a novel modulator of monoamine receptor and transporter functions; however, its mechanisms are not fully understood. Our previous studies have found that interferon-alpha (IFN-α) up-regulates serotonin (5-HT) transporter expression and induces 5-HT uptake via an extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2-dependent pathway in T cells, which is blocked by a selective 5-HT transporter inhibitor fluoxetine. In the present study, we further investigated the roles of various SMase inhibitors in IFN-α-induced 5-HT uptake, including sphingolactone-24 (sph24) for neutral SMase or tricyclodecan-9-yl-xanthogenate ...

Synthesis and biological evaluation of ester derivatives of indomethacin as selective COX-2 inhibitors

Medicinal Chemistry Research — Thu, 21 Jul 2011 18:02:56 +0100

Abstract The ester derivatives of indomethacin were prepared by condensing indomethacin with an equimolar quantity of an appropriate alcoholic compound in anhydrous dichloromethane in the presence of DCC and DMAP. Spectral studies comprising of IR, 1H NMR, mass, and microanalysis were performed in order to confirm their structures. In vivo anti-inflammatory studies were carried out using carrageenan rat paw edema method and in vivo ulcerogenic studies by ulcer index method for the panel of synthesized compounds. Out of eleven compounds, the compound IIc displayed moderate anti-inflammatory activity with no observable ulcerogenic effect when compared to indomethacin. Furthermore, compound IIc, indomethacin and celecoxib were tested at a concentration of 20 μM against CO...

UF Study Strengthens Concerns About Long-Term Use Of Certain Painkillers

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 21 Jul 2011 16:00:00 +0100

Painkillers such as ibuprofen, naxopren and celecoxib provide needed relief for many patients who have chronic pain. But an ongoing source of contention is whether those drugs and others in their class known as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, or NSAIDs, are linked to harmful health effects. Now a new study from the University of Florida raises the concern about potential risks to a higher degree than before, finding a doubling of deaths from heart attack, stroke and related events among people who have both hypertension and coronary artery disease and use the drugs long term... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Irish Medicines Board safety warnings: do they affect prescribing rates in primary care?

Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety — Mon, 18 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsResults indicate that the IMB safety warnings had inconsistent effects on the rate of prescribing of drugs considered. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety)

Multicentre trial in people with arthritis finds increased risk of clinically significant gastrointestinal events with diclofenac plus omeprazole compared with celecoxib

Evidence-Based Medicine — Mon, 18 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Context Although traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (tNSAIDs) have been recognised to have adverse effects throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, emphasis has historically centred on reducing their upper GI ulcerogenic effects.1 Randomised trials and systematic reviews have shown that misoprostol and proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are effective at reducing the risk of tNSAID-related upper GI toxicity. The tNSAID+PPI strategy emerged as the preferred strategy for several reasons including a favourable side effect profile. Over the last 10 years, the focus has shifted towards using cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors alone as another effective strategy to reduce upper GI toxicity. COX-2 inhibitors, however, have been associated with other adverse effects, and many have bee...

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Restoration of tumor suppressor p53 by differentially regulating pro- and anti-p53 networks in HPV-18-infected cervical cancer cells

Oncogene — Sun, 17 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: B Saha, A Adhikary, P Ray, S Saha, S Chakraborty, S Mohanty, K Das, S Mukherjee, M Mazumdar, L Lahiri, D M S Hossain, G Sa & T Das (Source: Oncogene)

[Department of Error] Department of Error

LANCET — Fri, 15 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Chan FKL, Lanas A, Scheiman J, Berger MF, Nguyen H, Goldstein JL. Celecoxib versus omeprazole and diclofenac in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis (CONDOR): a randomised trial. Lancet 2010; 376: 173–79—In this Article (July 17, 2010), the third sentence of the fourth paragraph in the Results section should have read: “The number of patients with moderate-to-severe abdominal symptoms at month 6 was 132 (6%) for the celecoxib group and 162 (7%) for the diclofenac plus omeprazole group (p=0·0495)”. (Source: LANCET)

Hypercholesterolemia and chronic ischemia alter myocardial responses to selective cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition

The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery — Thu, 14 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Hypercholesterolemic patients using celecoxib may be at higher risk for thrombotic events than those with normal cholesterol, but the relationship between dyslipidemia, ischemia, and cyclooxygenase-2 inhibition is likely much more complicated than originally thought. (Source: The Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery)

High-volume infiltration analgesia in bilateral hip arthroplasty.

Acta Orthopaedica — Tue, 12 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Andersen L, Otte KS, Husted H, Gaarn-Larsen L, Kristensen B, Kehlet H Background and purpose High-volume infiltration analgesia may be effective in postoperative pain management after hip arthroplasty but methodological problems prevent exact interpretation of previous studies. Methods In a randomized, double-blind placebo-controlled trial in 12 patients undergoing bilateral total hip arthroplasty (THA) in a fast-track setting, saline or high-volume (170 mL) ropivacaine (0.2%) with epinephrine (1:100,000) was administered to the wound intraoperatively along with supplementary postoperative injections via an intraarticular epidural catheter. Oral analgesia was instituted preoperatively with a multimodal regimen (gabapentin, celecoxib, and acetaminophen). Pain was assessed repea...

CELEBREX (Celecoxib) Capsule [Keltman Pharmaceuticals Inc.]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Tue, 12 Jul 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Jul 12, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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ZLJ-6, a novel COX/5-LOX inhibitor, attenuates TNF-α-induced endothelial E-selectin, ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression and monocyte-endothelial interactions via a COX/5-LOX-independent mechanism.

Vascular Pharmacology — Mon, 11 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Chen L, Zhao Q, Wang XL, You R, Zhang YH, Ji H, Lai YS Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are previously found to possess prostaglandin and leukotriene-independent anti-inflammatory effect. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prostaglandin and leukotriene-independent anti-inflammatory effect of an imidazolone COX/5-LOX inhibitor ZLJ-6 and the underlying mechanism. Pretreatment human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) with ZLJ-6 (3, 10 and 30μM) concentration-dependently decreased TNF-α-induced monocyte-endothelial interactions in both static and dynamic conditions whereas no effect was found after pretreatment with the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib (30μM), 5-LOX inhibitor zileuton (30μM) and the combination of them. ZLJ-6 also attenuated expre...

Proton Pump Inhibitors Exacerbate NSAID-Induced Small Intestinal Injury by Inducing Dysbiosis

Gastroenterology — Mon, 11 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: PPIs exacerbate NSAID-induced intestinal damage at least in part because of significant shifts in enteric microbial populations. Prevention or reversal of this dysbiosis may be a viable option for reducing the incidence and severity of NSAID enteropathy. (Source: Gastroenterology)

Established and novel NF-κB inhibitors lead to downregulation of TLR3 and the proliferation and cytokine secretion in HNSCC

Oral Oncology — Sun, 10 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Summary: The transcriptional activation of NF-κB signalling has been identified as a major pathway involved in inflammation and tumor aggressiveness in a number of human cancers.Here we identify the impact of miscellaneous known and so far unknown NF-κB inhibitors originating from different drug classes on the function and proliferation of HNSCC. In detail: HNSCC cell lines were exposed to Acetylsalicylic Acid (ASA), Celecoxib, Dexamethasone, Curcumin and EPs 7630. Our major interest was to detect upstream alterations in cell signalling after applying NF-κB inhibiting substances. The inhibition of NF-κB signalling leads to an upstream regulation of Toll-like-receptor 3 (TLR3), a predominant receptor driving cell expansion. We find a marked downregulation of TLR3 and IKK complex, docume...

Antiangiogenic treatment as a pre‐operative management of alveolar soft‐part sarcoma

Pediatric Blood and Cancer — Fri, 08 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

We describe the use of the antiangiogenic combination bevacizumab and celecoxib in the preoperative management of a patient with an ASPS of the tongue. Pediatr Blood Cancer © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer)

Fragment-Based Drug Design and Drug Repositioning Using Multiple Ligand Simultaneous Docking (MLSD): Identifying Celecoxib and Template Compounds as Novel Inhibitors of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription 3 (STAT3)

Journal of Medicinal Chemistry — Fri, 08 Jul 2011 12:52:46 +0100

Journal of Medicinal ChemistryDOI: 10.1021/jm101330h (Source: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry)

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Findings support chemopreventive effects of celecoxib in former smokers

HemOncToday.com — Thu, 07 Jul 2011 13:37:00 +0100

Mao JT. Cancer Prev Res. 2011;doi:10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-11-0078. (Source: HemOncToday.com)

Arthritis drug may help fight lung cancer

Health News - UPI.com — Thu, 07 Jul 2011 04:26:42 +0100

ALBUQUERQUE, July 7 (UPI) -- Celecoxib, a drug used to treat arthritis, may emerge as a potent chemopreventive agent for lung cancer, U.S. researchers say. (Source: Health News - UPI.com)

The EP1 receptor for prostaglandin E2 promotes the development and progression of malignant murine skin tumors

Molecular Carcinogenesis — Wed, 06 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In this study, a single topical application of either 7,12‐dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) or benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), alone, was found to elicit squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) in the BK5.EP1 transgenic mice, but not in WT mice. While the epidermis of both WT and transgenic mice was hyperplastic several days after DMBA, this effect regressed in the WT mice while proliferation continued in the transgenic mice. Several parameters associated with carcinogen initiation were measured and were found to be similar between genotypes, including CYP1B1 and aromatase expression, B[a]P adduct formation, Ras activity, and keratinocyte stem cell numbers. However, EP1 transgene expression elevated COX‐2 levels in the epidermis and SCC could be completely prevented in DMBA‐treated BK5.EP1 mice eith...

Celecoxib: Potential Chemoprevention for Lung Cancer?Celecoxib: Potential Chemoprevention for Lung Cancer?

Medscape Today Headlines — Wed, 06 Jul 2011 18:11:59 +0100

A new study adds to the evidence that celecoxib has chemoprevention potential in lung cancer, and investigation should be continued. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

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Lung Cancer In Former Smokers May Be Prevented By Celecoxib

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 06 Jul 2011 14:00:00 +0100

Celecoxib may emerge as a potent chemopreventive agent for lung cancer, according to a recent study in Cancer Prevention Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. Researchers tested celecoxib, a COX-2 inhibitor, among patients who were former smokers and found a significant benefit in bronchial health as measured by the Ki-67 labeling index, a marker of cellular proliferation or growth, as well as a number of other biomarkers... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

COX-2 Inhibitor, Celecoxib, May Prevent Lung Cancer

Cancer Network — Wed, 06 Jul 2011 12:00:00 +0100

A study in a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research (AACR), Cancer Prevention Research, has shown evidence that celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor, may be a potent chemopreventive agent for lung cancer (doi: 10.1158/1940-6207.CAPR-11-0078). (Source: Cancer Network)

Celecoxib may prevent lung cancer in former smokers

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Wed, 06 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100

(American Association for Cancer Research) Celecoxib may emerge as a potent chemopreventive agent for lung cancer, according to a recent study in Cancer Prevention Research, a journal of the American Association for Cancer Research. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Risk of irregular heart rhythm from ibuprofen ‘small’

NHS News Feed — Tue, 05 Jul 2011 17:08:00 +0100

Conclusion This study assessed whether using NSAIDs or COX-2 inhibitors was associated with subsequent development of atrial fibrillation. The study found that, compared to non-users, recent users were more likely to have incident atrial fibrillation. Consequently, the study estimated that for every 1,000 people who started taking NSAIDs there would be four to seven extra cases of atrial fibrillation. This study had various strengths, including the population-based design and the use of comprehensive hospital and prescription records available in Denmark. However, there was certain information that the researchers could not obtain from these registries, including: Prescription data was used as a proxy for actual use of NSAIDs, so they could not determine the amount of NSAIDs the partici...

Aspirin/celecoxib: Exacerbation of asthma: case report

Reactions — Sun, 03 Jul 2011 18:34:01 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

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Non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs modulate the physicochemical properties of plasma membrane in experimental colorectal cancer: a fluorescence spectroscopic study.

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry — Fri, 01 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In this study, we have observed the in vivo effects of a pro-carcinogen 1,2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (DMH) and the two non steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs); sulindac and celecoxib on various properties of the plasma membrane of colonocytes, i.e., electric potential, fluidity, anisotropy, microviscosity, lateral diffusion, and phase state in the experimentally induced colorectal cancer. A number of fluorescence probes were utilized like membrane fluidity and anisotropy by 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene, membrane microviscosity by Pyrene, membrane electric potential by merocyanine 540, lateral diffusion by N-NBD-PE, and phase state by Laurdan. It is observed that membrane phospholipids are less densely packed and therefore, the membrane is more fluid in case of carcinogenes...

An Investigation into the Dissolution Properties of Celecoxib Melt Extrudates: Understanding the Role of Polymer Type and Concentration in Stabilizing Supersaturated Drug Concentrations

Molecular Pharmaceutics — Fri, 01 Jul 2011 14:09:36 +0100

Molecular PharmaceuticsDOI: 10.1021/mp200157b (Source: Molecular Pharmaceutics)

Interaction of celecoxib with different anti-cancer drugs is antagonistic in breast but not in other cancer cells.

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology — Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

This study investigates the ability of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors to sensitize cells from different origins to several chemotherapeutic agents. The effect of the drug's mechanism of action and sequence of administration are also investigated. The sensitivity, cell cycle, apoptosis and DNA damage of five different cancer cell lines (HeLa, HCT116, HepG2, MCF7 and U251) to 5-FU, cisplatin, doxorubicin and etoposide±celecoxib following different incubation schedules were analyzed. We found antagonism between celecoxib and the four drugs in the breast cancer cells MCF7 following all incubation schedules and between celecoxib and doxorubicin in all cell lines except for two combinations in HCT116 cells. Celecoxib with the other three drugs in the remaining four cell lines resulted in variable ...

Extended results of the Alzheimer’s disease anti-inflammatory prevention trial

Alzheimer's and Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association — Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: These data suggest a revision of the original ADAPT hypothesis that NSAIDs reduce AD risk, as follows: NSAIDs have an adverse effect in later stages of AD pathogenesis, whereas asymptomatic individuals treated with conventional NSAIDs such as naproxen experience reduced AD incidence, but only after 2 to 3 years. Thus, treatment effects differ at various stages of disease. This hypothesis is consistent with data from both trials and epidemiological studies. (Source: Alzheimer's and Dementia: The Journal of the Alzheimer's Association)

A Low Carbohydrate, High Protein Diet Slows Tumor Growth and Prevents Cancer Initiation

Cancer Research — Wed, 29 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Since cancer cells depend on glucose more than normal cells, we compared the effects of low carbohydrate (CHO) diets to a Western diet on the growth rate of tumors in mice. To avoid caloric restriction–induced effects, we designed the low CHO diets isocaloric with the Western diet by increasing protein rather than fat levels because of the reported tumor-promoting effects of high fat and the immune-stimulating effects of high protein. We found that both murine and human carcinomas grew slower in mice on diets containing low amylose CHO and high protein compared with a Western diet characterized by relatively high CHO and low protein. There was no weight difference between the tumor-bearing mice on the low CHO or Western diets. Additionally, the low CHO-fed mice exhibited lower blood gluc...

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[analysis of 76 patients with urticaria and angioedema induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (nsaids) in japan.]

Arerugi — Wed, 29 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Diversity of NSAIDs-induced urticaria and angioedema was shown in this study. Pathogenesis of NSAIDs-induced urticaria and angioedema without asthma seems to be different from that of NSAIDs-induced asthma. PMID: 21709437 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Arerugi)

Effectiveness of the association micronized N-palmitoylethanolamine (PEA)-transpolydatin in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain

European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology — Mon, 27 Jun 2011 04:00:00 +0100

With great interest we read the paper by Cobellis et al. in your journal (2011, doi:10.1016/j.ejogrb.2011.04.011) , comparing the effectiveness and safety of the association of micronized N-palmitoylethanolamine (PEA) – transpolydatin (400mg+40mg twice a day for 3 months) to that of Celecoxib (200mg twice a day for 7 consecutive days) in the treatment of chronic pelvic pain related to endometriosis. (Source: European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology)

Phase I clinical trial of nasopharyngeal radiotherapy and concurrent celecoxib for patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Oral Oncology — Sun, 26 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Summary: We evaluated the incidence of acute toxicity of concurrent cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor (celecoxib) plus radiotherapy in patients with locoregionally advanced nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Thirty-four patients received an accumulated radiation dose of 72–76Gy in 36–38 fractions to the primary lesion and 60Gy in 30 fractions to cervical lymph-node lesions. Palpable residual nodes were boosted to 70Gy at the 90% isodose level with an electron field. Celecoxib was administered at escalating doses of 400, 600, and 800mg/day, starting 3days before the first fraction of radiotherapy and continuing throughout the course of radiotherapy. The majority of toxicities were grade 1, with mucositis and weight loss most frequently observed (28 of 34, 82.4%), followed by dermatitis (27 of 34,...

Cost-Effectiveness Evaluation of Etoricoxib versus Celecoxib and Nonselective NSAIDs in the Treatment of Ankylosing Spondylitis in Norway

Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology — Sat, 25 Jun 2011 14:42:03 +0100

Conclusions. Etoricoxib is the most cost-effective NSAID for initiating treatment of ankylosing spondylitis in Norway. (Source: Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology)

[Could Atorvastatin-based Combination Therapy Provide Synergistic Effects against Human Colon Cancer Cells?]

Korean J Gastroenter... — Fri, 24 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Jang HJ Article: Synergistic Actions of Atorvastatin with g-tocotrienol and Celecoxib Against Human Colon Cancer HT-29 and HCT-116 Cells. PMID: 21694494 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Korean J Gastroenter...)

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Design and synthesis of new 2,4,5-triarylimidazole derivatives as selective cyclooxygenase (COX-2) inhibitors

Medicinal Chemistry Research — Thu, 23 Jun 2011 16:28:33 +0100

Abstract A new group of 2,4,5-triarylimidazole derivatives, possessing a methyl sulfonyl pharmacophore, were synthesized and their biological activities were evaluated for cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitory activity. In vitro COX-1/COX-2 structure–activity relationships were determined by varying the substituents at the para position of C-2 phenyl ring. Among the 2,4,5-triarylimidazoles, 2-(4-hydroxy phenyl)-4-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-5-phenyl-1H imidazole (11f) was identified as a selective COX-2 inhibitor (COX-2 IC50 = 0.15 μM; selectivity index = 75) that was less potent than the reference drug celecoxib (COX-2 IC50 = 0.06 μM; SI = 405). A molecular modeling study where 11f was docked in the binding site of COX-2 showe...

The cyclooxygenase‐2 pathway via the PGE2 EP2 receptor contributes to oligodendrocytes apoptosis in cuprizone‐induced demyelination

Journal of Neurochemistry — Wed, 22 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractCyclooxygenases (COX)‐1 and ‐2 are key enzymes required for the conversion of arachidonic acid (AA) to eicosanoids, potent mediators of inflammation. In patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), COX‐2 derived prostaglandins are elevated in the cerebrospinal fluid and COX‐2 is upregulated in demyelinating plaques. However, it is not known whether COX‐2 activity contributes to oligodendrocyte death. In cuprizone‐induced demyelination, oligodendrocyte apoptosis and a concomitant increase in the gene expression of COX‐2 and PGE2‐EP2 receptor precede histological demyelination. COX‐2 and EP2 receptor were expressed by oligodendrocytes, suggesting a causative role for the COX‐2/EP2 pathway in the initiation of oligodendrocyte death and demyelination. COX‐2 gene deletio...

Plasma levels of vascular endothelial growth factor during and after radiotherapy in combination with celecoxib in patients with advanced head and neck cancer

Oral Oncology — Tue, 21 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Summary: Celebrex and radiotherapy in advanced head and neck cancer. This phase I dose-escalation study seeks to determine the phase II recommended dose of cyclooxygenase type 2 (COX-2) inhibitor in patients with locally advanced squamous cell head and neck (H&N) cancer, treated with accelerated radiotherapy. Anti-vasculogenic effect of this treatment on serum vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is examined. Patients were irradiated with curative intent (72Gy in 6weeks). Celecoxib was administered throughout the radiotherapy course. Serum VEGF level were tested during radiotherapy and in follow-up. Tumor specimens were stained to quantify the COX-2 expression. Thirty-two patients completed the treatment. The dose of celecoxib was escalated (200, 400 and 800mg bid, then de-escalated t...

Enhancing marijuana in the brain with Advil

Psychology Today Addiction Center — Tue, 21 Jun 2011 15:42:53 +0100

Some over-the-counter drugs are capable of enhancing our brain's own marijuana-like chemicals. If so, why aren't we all "high?"Editorial Controls Editorial Status: No Status read more (Source: Psychology Today Addiction Center)

A diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolated nitric oxide donor ester prodrug of 3-(4-hydroxymethylphenyl)-4-(4-methanesulfonylphenyl)-5H-furan-2-one: Synthesis, biological evaluation and nitric oxide release studies.

Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters — Mon, 20 Jun 2011 20:31:59 +0100

Authors: Abdellatif KR, Huang Z, Chowdhury MA, Kaufman S, Knaus EE A novel hybrid nitric oxide-releasing anti-inflammatory (AI) ester prodrug (NONO-coxib 14) wherein an O(2)-acetoxymethyl 1-(2-carboxypyrrolidin-1-yl)diazen-1-ium-1,2-diolate (O(2)-acetoxymethyl PROLI/NO) NO-donor moiety was covalently coupled to the CH(2)OH group of 3-(4-hydroxymethylphenyl)-4-(4-methylsulfonylphenyl)-5H-furan-2-one (12), was synthesized. The prodrug 14 released a low amount of NO (4.2%) upon incubation with phosphate buffer (PBS) at pH 7.4 which was significantly higher (34.8% of the theoretical maximal release of two molecules of NO/molecule of the parent hybrid ester prodrug) upon incubation in the presence of rat serum. These incubation studies suggest that both NO and the parent compound 12 would b...

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Flavocoxid Inhibits Phospholipase A2, Peroxidase Moieties of the Cyclooxygenases (COX), and 5-Lipoxygenase, Modifies COX-2 Gene Expression, and Acts as an Antioxidant

Clinical and Developmental Immunology — Mon, 20 Jun 2011 14:02:54 +0100

The multiple mechanisms of action for flavocoxid relating to arachidonic acid (AA) formation and metabolism were studied in vitro. Flavocoxid titrated into rat peritoneal macrophage cultures inhibited cellular phospholipase A2 (PLA2) (IC50 = 60 μg/mL). In in vitro enzyme assays, flavocoxid showed little anti-cyclooxygenase (CO) activity on COX-1/-2 enzymes, but inhibited the COX-1 (IC50 = 12.3) and COX-2 (IC50 = 11.3 μg/mL) peroxidase (PO) moieties as well as 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) (IC50 = 110 μg/mL). No detectable 5-LOX inhibition was found for multiple traditional and COX-2 selective NSAIDs. Flavocoxid also exhibited strong and varied antioxidant capacities in vitro and decreased nitrite levels (IC50 = 38 μg/mL) in rat peritoneal ma...

The inhibitory effect of celecoxib and rosiglitazone on experimental endometriosis

Fertility and Sterility — Sun, 19 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion(s): These results are promising and reveal that celecoxib and rosiglitazone, combined or separately, have a beneficial effect on overall endometriotic growth. (Source: Fertility and Sterility)

The EMA's CHMP has finalised its review of the use of the COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib

Reactions — Sat, 18 Jun 2011 16:44:29 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

The effects of NSAIDs on types I, II, and III collagen metabolism in a rat osteoarthritis model

Rheumatology International — Fri, 17 Jun 2011 11:58:20 +0100

Abstract The effects of long-term use of celecoxib, ibuprofen, and indomethacin on types I, II, and III collagen metabolism were evaluated in rat osteoarthritis (OA) model. One hundred and thirty wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: the celecoxib group, the ibuprofen group, the indomethacin group, and the normal saline group. The osteoarthritis was induced by the excision of the left Achilles tendon. In the 3rd, 6th, and 9th month of treatment after surgically induced osteoarthritis, the articular cartilage was observed with microscope using HE staining. The expression of proteoglycans was semiquantified using toluidine blue staining. And, the expressions of types I, II, and III collagen in chondrocytes were examined using immunohistochemistry. The results...