MedWorm: Royal College of Surgeons

GM-CSF protects rat photoreceptors from death by activating the SRC-dependent signalling and elevating anti-apoptotic factors and neurotrophins

Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 06:54:33 +0100

Conclusions The data suggest that GM-CSF is a potent therapeutic agent in photoreceptor degeneration caused by mutation of the receptor tyrosine kinase gene (Mertk), and may be also effective in other photoreceptor degeneration. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Basic SciencePages 1-14DOI 10.1007/s00417-012-1932-9Authors Maurice Schallenberg, Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University Eye Hospital Münster and Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF), Domagkstrasse 15, 48149 Münster, GermanyPetar Charalambous, Department of Experimental Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University Eye Hospital Münster and Interdisciplinary Centre for Clinical Research (IZKF), Domagkstrasse 15, 48149 Münster, GermanySolon Thanos, Depar...

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Transplantation of human central nervous system stem cells – neuroprotection in retinal degeneration

European Journal of Neuroscience — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractStem cells derived from the human brain and grown as neurospheres (HuCNS‐SC) have been shown to be effective in treating central neurodegenerative conditions in a variety of animal models. Human safety data in neurodegenerative disorders are currently being accrued. In the present study, we explored the efficacy of HuCNS‐SC in a rodent model of retinal degeneration, the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rat, and extended our previous cell transplantation studies to include an in‐depth examination of donor cell behavior and phenotype post‐transplantation. As a first step, we have shown that HuCNS‐SC protect host photoreceptors and preserve visual function after transplantation into the subretinal space of postnatal day 21 RCS rats. Moreover, cone photoreceptor density remain...

A survey of the prevalence of smoking and smoking cessation advice received by inpatients in a large teaching hospital in Ireland

Irish Journal of Medical Science — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 17:07:30 +0100

Conclusions Interventions to increase rates of healthcare professional-provided smoking cessation advice are urgently needed. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Brief ReportPages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s11845-011-0792-3Authors C. Bartels, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, IrelandA. R. Y. AbuHaliga, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, IrelandH. McGee, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, IrelandK. Morgan, Division of Population Health Sciences (Psychology), Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St Stephen’s Green, Dublin 2, IrelandN. G. McElvaney, Respiratory Research Division, Department of Medicine, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin 2, IrelandF. Doyle, Division of Population Health...

Preparing for the MRCS examination: a simple guide.

British Journal of Hospital Medicine — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

This article offers a structured guide to approaching the MRCS examination. PMID: 22241296 [PubMed - in process] (Source: British Journal of Hospital Medicine)

Royal College of Surgeons reject call to bury skeleton of 'Irish giant'

Guardian Unlimited Science — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 19:08:55 +0100

Ethics experts say exhibit of 7ft 7in tall man, who lived in the 1780s, should be removed from display and put to rest at seaMuseum chiefs have rejected a suggestion by law and medical ethics experts that the skeleton of an 18th century man known as the "Irish giant" should be removed from display and buried at sea.Charles Byrne, originally from County Londonderry, stood just over 7ft 7in tall. He found fame in the 1780s exhibiting himself as a curiosity or "freak" in London. Celebrity life eventually got the better of him, and he took to drink and died at his home in Charing Cross aged just 22.After his death, his body was acquired by the surgeon John Hunter, and his skeleton remains at the Hunterian Museum at the Royal College of Surgeons in London.In the latest issue of the British Medi...

Royal College of Surgeons rejects call to bury skeleton of 'Irish giant'

Guardian Unlimited Science — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 19:08:55 +0100

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Winners of ICMOBT 2011 poster award announced

Elsevier Updates: Engineering — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 12:00:00 +0100

Awards sponsored by JMBBM Overall winner: Y.N. Li, J. Song, C. Ortiz, M.C. Boyce (MIT, USA) Stiffness and strength of suture joints in nature. Shared second place: F.P. Rojas, M. Batista, A.J. Grodzinsky, C. Ortiz, L. Han (MIT, USA) Molecular interactions between cartilage extracellular matrix constituents determine its tissue integrity. D.A. Hoey, D.J. Kelly, C.R. Jacobs (Columbia University, USA; Royal College of Surgeons, Ireland; Trinity College, Ireland) Fluid flow stimulation of osteocytes via the primary cilium can enhance osteogenic gene expression in MSCs by a paracrine signaling mechanism. (Source: Elsevier Updates: Engineering)

Winners of ICMOBT 2011 poster award announcedElsevier Engineering News

Elsevier Updates: Engineering — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

3D surface anatomy guide

MEDEV News — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 11:18:17 +0100

The world’s first 3D surface anatomy guide for medical and physiotherapy students, surgical trainees and artists has been developed in Ireland through a unique collaboration between anatomists, artists and engineers. Launched today in the Royal Hibernian Academy (RHA) in Dublin, the two year project, funded by Science Foundation Ireland and the Royal College of Surgeons Ireland (RCSI), has resulted in an on-line 3D guide which shows the motions of muscles and the sites of structures from the surface inwards. It shows how, by using movement, colour, illustration and 3D technology, anatomists, engineers and artists can collaborate to teach the body from the outside in. (Source: MEDEV News)

How to optimize excisional procedures for the treatment of CIN? The role of colposcopy

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics — Tue, 13 Dec 2011 17:04:36 +0100

Conclusions Use of colposcopy, and particularly of DCV during excisional procedures for CIN, allows for smaller surgical specimen without jeopardizing the margins status. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory General GynecologyPages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00404-011-2162-9Authors Céline Grisot, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Assistance Publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille (APHM), Hôpital Nord, Chemin des Bourrelly, 13015 Marseille, FranceJulien Mancini, University of Medicine of Marseille, Université de la Méditerranée, Aix-Marseille II, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, FranceSophie Giusiano, University of Medicine of Marseille, Université de la Méditerranée, Aix-Marseille II, 27 boulevard Jean Moulin, 13385 Marseille Cedex 05, FranceGille...

Surgery no longer 'world class'

BBC News | Health | UK Edition — Wed, 07 Dec 2011 15:42:21 +0100

Surgery at Liverpool's Alder Hey children's hospital is no longer "world class", a report by the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) finds. (Source: BBC News | Health | UK Edition)

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New Research Aims To Help Transient Ischaemic Attack (TIA) Patients By Assessing Their Risk Of Stroke

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 08:00:00 +0100

Research carried out by the HRB Centre for Primary Care Research, based in the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), recently published in the journal Family Practice aims to help patients that have suffered a transient ischaemic attack (TIA), otherwise known as a "mini-stroke" by assessing their risk of subsequent stroke. Clinical Prediction Rule's (CPR's) are used regularly by doctors to help identify the best combination of medical signs and symptoms in order to predict the likelihood of a patient experiencing a specific disorder... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Sammy Franks obituary

Guardian Unlimited Science — Tue, 29 Nov 2011 21:32:16 +0100

Prostate pathologist whose research linked cancer and ageingLeonard Maurice Franks, fondly known as "Sammy", who has died aged 90, was regarded as the doyen of prostate pathologists. Particularly important was his research into the high frequency of prostate cancer in ageing men, which led to the appreciation that if a man lives long enough, he will develop prostate cancer. Sammy was also a pioneer in the application of cell culture and electron microscopy to cancer research. He was for decades a revered authority on tumour biology.He was born in Newcastle upon Tyne and graduated in medicine from Durham University in 1942. After a short period in general practice in Newcastle, he was almost immediately caught up in the second world war, serving as regimental officer with the Rifle Brigade,...

Predicting Cellular Response To Paclitaxel In Epithelial Ovarian Cancer

Health News from Medical News Today — Sat, 12 Nov 2011 08:00:00 +0100

New research findings by UCD scientists published online today in the Journal of Pathology may help clinicians predict how patients with high grade, serous, epithelial ovarian cancer will respond to paclitaxel chemotherapy (Taxol®). In collaboration with their colleagues in Trinity College Dublin and the Royal College of Surgeons, the UCD team highlight the central role played by a protein called mitotic arrest deficiency 2 (MAD2) in the cellular response to paclitaxel... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Junior doctors 'still working over 48-hour weeks'

Telegraph Health — Thu, 10 Nov 2011 14:07:09 +0100

Junior doctors are still regularly working beyond the confines of a EU directive that limits their working week, according to the Royal College of Surgeons. (Source: Telegraph Health)

[Perspectives] Re-imagining disability

LANCET — Sat, 05 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

While the disabled people's movement has sometimes regarded science of and medicine as the enemy, exhibitions at the Royal College of Physicians and the Hunterian Museum of the Royal College of Surgeons suggest that health professionals are more open to dialogue, or even critique, than might be expected. (Source: LANCET)

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Apelin Is Required for Non-Neovascular Remodeling in the Retina.

The American Journal of Pathology — Sat, 05 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: McKenzie JA, Fruttiger M, Abraham S, Lange C, Stone J, Gandhi P, Wang X, Bainbridge J, Moss SE, Greenwood J Abstract Retinal pathologies are frequently accompanied by retinal vascular responses, including the formation of new vessels by angiogenesis (neovascularization). Pathological vascular changes may also include less well characterized traits of vascular remodeling that are non-neovascular, such as vessel pruning and the emergence of dilated and tortuous vessel phenotypes (telangiectasis). The molecular mechanisms underlying neovascular growth versus non-neovascular remodeling are poorly understood. We therefore undertook to identify novel regulators of non-neovascular remodeling in the retina by using the dystrophic Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) rat and the retinal...

Measuring population mental health and social well-being

International Journal of Public Health — Wed, 02 Nov 2011 16:59:33 +0100

Conclusions Social well-being and health behaviours correlate with both positive and negative mental health. These findings highlight the need to endorse comprehensive approaches to population mental health promotion. The inclusion of both positive and negative mental health indicators in future population health surveys is supported by the findings. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s00038-011-0317-xAuthors Eric Van Lente, Health Promotion Research Centre, National University of Ireland, 16 Distillery Road, Galway, IrelandMargaret M. Barry, Health Promotion Research Centre, National University of Ireland, 16 Distillery Road, Galway, IrelandMichal Molcho, Health Promotion Research Centre, National University of Ireland, 16 Di...

Simple technique for closure of skin lacerations under tension.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Nawaz SZ, Chan O, Newman K PMID: 22041252 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Positioning for elbow fixation in young children.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Cowie JG, Molyneux SG, Murray AW PMID: 22041251 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Keeping the shoulder arthroscopy patient dry.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Amr R, Relwani J, Tanton E PMID: 22041250 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

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Tension free vaginal tape in static facial reanimation: new use for a well tested device.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Bhatt V, Barnard N PMID: 22041249 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Improving the success of nipple reconstruction.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lim J, Sahu A PMID: 22041248 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

External rotation of the draining vein improves flow in arteriovenous fistulas.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Yates P, Mahmood A PMID: 22041247 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Vacuum-assisted sterile drainage of large post-operative seromas: the Royal Marsden technique.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Fitzgerald J, Hayes AJ, Strauss DC PMID: 22041246 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

A simple method of securing the safety wire during ureteroscopy.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Unwala DJ PMID: 22041245 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

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NICE news in the Annals.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: PMID: 22041244 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Computed tomography versus ureteroscopy in identification of renal tract stone with ureteral stent in situ.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that non-contrast CT is inferior to the 'gold standard' of ureteroscopy. It lacks sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and accuracy. Therefore, we cannot recommend using non-contrast CT to replace ureteroscopy. PMID: 22041243 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Validation of a one-stop carpal tunnel clinic including nerve conduction studies and hand therapy.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: A highly efficient clinical service involving both diagnostics and treatment can be delivered at a single hospital visit while maintaining optimal outcomes and high patient satisfaction. PMID: 22041242 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

The range of the Oxford Shoulder Score in the asymptomatic population: a marker for post-operative improvement.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: This study has established the range of OSS in the asymptomatic adult population. Symptom scores can only be used effectively when the range in the asymptomatic population is known. This is so that disease severity can be gauged in the context of the normal population and post-operative improvements can be forecast more accurately. PMID: 22041241 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Temporary gastric neuromodulation for intractable nausea and vomiting.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: GNM improved upper gastrointestinal symptoms, quality of life and nutritional status in patients with intractable nausea and vomiting. GNM merits further investigation. PMID: 22041240 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

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Increased use of pre-operative imaging and laparoscopy has no impact on clinical outcomes in patients undergoing appendicectomy.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: This study shows that significant increase in the use of pre-operative imaging and laparoscopy in the management of patients with acute appendicitis failed to reduce negative appendicectomy, perforation and complications rates. The patient's age was the only predictor of negative appendicectomy and perforation. PMID: 22041239 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Management of perforated peptic ulcer in a district general hospital.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Both laparoscopic and open repair are equally safe in the management of PPU. Our findings support the view that this procedure can be successfully used as a training operation. PMID: 22041238 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Total adventitial resection of the cardia: 'optimal local resection' for tumours of the oesophagogastric junction.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Although the adventitia of the OGJ is not as well developed as that of the rectum, TARC can be performed safely as a standardised resection for OGJ cancers. Whereas the R0 rate for early stage tumours is very high, it remains disappointingly low for T3N1 tumours despite NAC. Improved long-term survival for these advanced tumours will only be achieved with better neoadjuvant and adjuvant therapies. PMID: 22041237 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Clinical outcome of laparoscopic and open colectomy for right colonic carcinoma.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate advantages in favour of LRH in terms of a shorter hospital stay and reduced post-operative major complications. LRH is safe and should therefore be available to all patients requiring colonic resection. PMID: 22041236 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Classification and management of cervical paragangliomas.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The use of a pre-operative classification system guides management and surgical approach, improves accuracy of consent, facilitates audit and clarifies which patients should be referred to specialised centres. PMID: 22041235 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

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Quality of life after treatment of laryngeal carcinoma: a single centre cross-sectional study.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Overall, QOL in our patients was good. This study highlights the aspects of QOL most affected by various treatments for laryngeal cancer and identifies areas in which therapeutic intervention may be focused. It also provides information to guide clinicians when assisting patients to make informed decisions regarding treatment of their head and neck cancer. PMID: 22041234 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

The effect of sterile versus non-sterile tourniquets on microbiological colonisation in lower limb surgery.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: There was significant contamination of 68% of orthopaedic surgical tourniquets. These are used regularly in procedures involving the placement of prosthesis and metalwork, and can act as a potential source of infection. We recommend the use of sterile single-use disposable tourniquets where possible. The availability of an alternative should now set the new standard of care and we recommend adopting this as a current NICE guideline for control of surgical site infection. PMID: 22041233 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

A systematic review of enhanced recovery protocols in colorectal surgery.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Reviewing the data reveals that ERAS protocols have a role in reducing post-operative morbidity and result in an accelerated recovery following colorectal surgery. Similarly, both primary and overall hospital stays are reduced significantly. However, the available evidence suggests that ERAS protocols do not reduce hospital readmissions or mortality. These findings help to confirm that ERAS protocols should now be implemented as the standard approach for peri-operative care in colorectal surgery. PMID: 22041232 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Current concepts of surveillance and its significance in head and neck cancer.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Manikantan K, Dwivedi RC, Sayed SI, Pathak KA, Kazi R Abstract Follow-up in head and neck cancer (hNC) is essential to detect and manage locoregional recurrence or metastases, or second primary tumours at the earliest opportunity. A variety of guidelines and investigations have been published in the literature. This has led to oncologists using different guidelines across the globe. The follow-up protocols may have unnecessary investigations that may cause morbidity or discomfort to the patient and may have significant cost implications. In this evidence-based review we have tried to evaluate and address important issues like the frequency of follow-up visits, clinical and imaging strategies adopted, and biochemical methods used for the purpose. This review summarises stra...

Sleep apnoea and the surgical list.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Wharton S PMID: 22041230 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

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Serotonin syndrome: take a closer look at the unwell surgical patient.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

This article describes the sequence of acute clinical deterioration seen in a head and neck oncology patient who developed serotonin syndrome peri-operatively. It highlights the clinical dilemma that can be encountered when a septic picture masks the onset of serotonin syndrome and reinforces the importance of awareness of the potential interactions and side effects associated with drugs that surgeons prescribe. We discuss the pathophysiology, causal factors, clinical presentation and diagnosis of serotonin syndrome as well as highlighting some of the dilemmas that this condition presents in the surgical setting. PMID: 22041229 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) replies to Fiona Godlee

BMJ Online First — Wed, 26 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Fiona Godlee challenges the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) in relation to the detention and trial of healthcare professionals in Bahrain.1 We here clarify our position on this issue.RCSI... (Source: BMJ Online First)

Irish Hereditary Emphysema Rates Found To Be Among Highest In The World

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 20 Oct 2011 09:00:00 +0100

Researchers from the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI), Beaumont Hospital, and Trinity College Dublin have conducted a study which has found that Ireland has one of the highest incidences in the world of a genetic condition that causes severe hereditary emphysema. The study raises the possibility that hundreds of people suffering from chronic lung disease could have this genetic condition but have yet to be diagnosed... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Irish surgeons college admits it treated arrested doctors "insensitively"

BMJ Online First — Mon, 17 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

The Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland has acknowledged that its Bahrain medical school acted “insensitively” towards 14 local doctors whose teaching roles were suspended and salaries stopped after... (Source: BMJ Online First)

[Editorial] Towards risk reduction in non-cardiac surgery

LANCET — Sat, 15 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In his Ethiopian novel, Cutting for Stone, Abraham Verghese writes of an 11th commandment for doctors: “thou shalt not operate on the day of a patient's death”. To discern in a timely manner whether or not surgery is in a patient's best interest and how to organise perioperative care is one of a surgeon's greatest challenges. And, according to The Higher Risk General Surgical Patient: Towards Improved Care for a Forgotten Group, a report published on Sept 29 by The Royal College of Surgeons of England and a working group of the UK Department of Health, it is a skill that is practised inadequately and inconsistently across the NHS in England. (Source: LANCET)

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Medical devices regulation needs to be overhauled, says cardiologist

BMJ Online First — Fri, 14 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

The standards of evidence required for licensing medical devices should be the same as for drugs, Peter Wilmshurst told a Royal College of Surgeons meeting this week.Dr Wilmshurst, a consultant... (Source: BMJ Online First)

Acquisition of fundamental laparoscopic skills: Is a box really as good as a virtual reality trainer?

International Journal of Surgery — Mon, 10 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Both the VR and box trainer are effective in the acquisition of laparoscopic skills.Highlights: ► We compared the efficiency of training in laparoscopic skills on a Virtual Reality simulator with a traditional box trainer. ► Parameters were measured on a laparoscopic cholecystectomy on the VR trainer before and after training. ► Both groups showed improvement in all measured parameters with no statistically significant difference between the two groups. ► Both the VR and box trainer are effective in the acquisition of laparoscopic skills. (Source: International Journal of Surgery)

Evaluation of the ability of collagen–glycosaminoglycan scaffolds with or without mesenchymal stem cells to heal bone defects in Wistar rats

Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery — Tue, 04 Oct 2011 05:55:50 +0100

Conclusions The results thus suggest that the scaffold has immense potential for tissue repair showing favorable osteoconductive properties, biocompatibility and degradability. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s10006-011-0299-0Authors M. Alhag, School of Dental Science, Trinity College, Dublin, IrelandE. Farrell, Trinity Centre for Bioengineering, Trinity College, Dublin, IrelandM. Toner, School of Dental Science, Trinity College, Dublin, IrelandT. Clive Lee, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, IrelandF. J. O’Brien, Department of Anatomy, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, IrelandN. Claffey, School of Dental Science, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland Journal Oral and Maxillof...

New online-only Case Reports - October listing.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: PMID: 22004656 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Comment On: Hip resurfacing revision rates: radiological audit of risk factors.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Grewal IS, Kazi HA, Cope MR PMID: 22004655 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

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Comment On: Simplified minimally invasive invasive parathyroidectomy.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Balasubramanian SP, Harrison BJ PMID: 22004654 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Comment on: consent.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Wheeler R PMID: 22004653 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Comment On: Fingerless gloves for hand trauma cases.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lim EH, Cole RP PMID: 22004652 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Comment On: Parotid cancer treatment with surgery followed by radiotherapy.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mandalia UY, Moody AB, Howlett DC PMID: 22004651 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Non-invasive traction for proximal femoral fractures in amputees.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Webb MS, Marsh M, Tourret LJ PMID: 22004650 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

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Microsurgical trainer.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Sadri A, Lloyd-Hughes H, Akhavani M, Floyd D PMID: 22004649 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

The modified recovery position for posterior leg surgery.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Williams JM, Bebbington A PMID: 22004648 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Aiding the insertion of polyurethane coated breast implants.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Smith ME, Durrani AJ PMID: 22004647 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Progressive dilatation of stenosed suprapubic tracts using Nelaton catheters in the emergency setting.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Shrestha A, Ravindranath N, Jain A PMID: 22004646 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

A triangular advancement technique to avoid the dog-ear deformity following mastectomy in large breasted women.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Bennett IC, Biggar MA PMID: 22004645 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

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The Oxford procedure for the treatment of lesser toe deformities.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Cove R, Cooke PH, Thomason K PMID: 22004644 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

utility of ultrasound in locating the linea semilunaris in the endoscopic component separation technique in ventral hernia repair.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Vu T, Habib F PMID: 22004643 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

How much neck extension would you require?

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Gangidi S, Varvinskiy A, Cunliffe D PMID: 22004642 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Trocar injury of abdominal wall vessels: a simple method to stop the haemorrhage.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Abbassi-Ghadi N, Skull A PMID: 22004641 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Modified arrangement of supports to improve intraoperative assessment of stability in total hip arthroplasty.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Loughenbury P, Barnett F, Livesey J PMID: 22004640 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

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Are general paediatric surgery outcomes comparable between district general hospital and regional referral centres?

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: In our DGH the complication rates for general paediatric operations compare favourably with those set out by the literature and guidelines, which support the training and delivery of general paediatric surgery within DGHs. PMID: 22004639 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Trends in presentation of bone and soft tissue sarcomas over 25 years: little evidence of earlier diagnosis.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

This study investigates how two factors that may act as a proxy for delay in diagnosis have varied over a 25-year period and whether there is evidence of improvement. Data on symptom duration and tumour size were collected prospectively on all new sarcoma patients referred to an orthopaedic oncology unit over 25 years. Data were available for 2,568 patients with primary bone sarcomas and 2,366 with soft tissue sarcomas. The mean sarcoma size at diagnosis was 10.7cm and 9.9cm respectively. The size of bone sarcomas had not changed over time but there had been a slight decrease in the size of soft tissue sarcomas (10.3cm before 2000 vs 9.6cm after 2000, p=0.03). The duration of symptoms reported by patients varied widely with a median of 16 weeks for bone sarcomas and 26 weeks for soft tissu...

Functional outcome of staged bilateral knee replacements.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Patients have a reduced LOS and continue to improve after the second procedure with regards to walking ability, use of walking aids and psychological wellbeing. PMID: 22004637 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Treating the torn rotator cuff: current practice in the UK.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Surgeons performing a higher volume of arthroscopic cuff repairs annually were more likely to repair cuff tears and they predicted significantly better outcomes of cuff repair for both pain and shoulder movement. Our results reflect the existing conflicting evidence regarding the indications for and methods of treatment of rotator cuff disease. PMID: 22004636 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Surgeon-operated ultrasonography in a one-stop shoulder clinic.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The use of a portable ultrasonography machine by an orthopaedic surgeon can significantly reduce the time to treatment and the financial cost for patients with rotator cuff tears. PMID: 22004635 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

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Acoustic analysis of tracheo-oesophageal voice in male total laryngectomy patients.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Alaryngeal speech with TO voice prosthesis is not yet comparable to laryngeal speech. PMID: 22004634 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Risk evaluation in cutaneous melanoma patients undergoing lymph node dissection: impact of POSSUM.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The POSSUM score predicted the morbidity of the total patient group accurately but failed to predict the rates in the TLND and CLND subgroups. Patients receiving CLND showed the highest morbidity rates. Preoperative sentinel lymph node biopsy therefore has more influence on postoperative morbidity than the physiological parameters represented in the POSSUM physiological score. PMID: 22004633 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Technical approaches to single port/incision laparoscopic appendicectomy: a literature review.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Future research assessing the efficacy of single incision laparoscopic procedures should consider variation in technique as a possible factor affecting outcome. PMID: 22004632 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

The role of carbohydrate drinks in pre-operative nutrition for elective colorectal surgery.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The use of CHO drinks pre-operatively in colorectal surgery is both safe and effective. There is no increased risk of aspiration and it results in a shorter hospital stay, a quicker return of bowel function and less loss of muscle mass. On the basis of this evidence, the use of pre-operative CHO drinks should be standard in elective colorectal patients. Further research is nevertheless required for those with diabetes mellitus. PMID: 22004631 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Peri-operative care series.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Shah J, Fitz-Henry J PMID: 22004630 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

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Combined ventriculoperitoneal shunt blockage, viscus perforation and migration into urethra, presenting with repeated urinary tract infection.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We present an extremely rare case of delayed and combined ventriculoperitoneal shunt blockage, viscus perforation and migration into the urethra manifested by a repeated urinary tract infection. This was discovered six months after the shunt was inserted. Although there were various other transient symptoms, the patient did not show obvious peritoneal signs. This complication could have been lethal if the discovery had been delayed. One of the best ways of preventing such migration is possibly the use of a softer catheter. However, making sure of appropriate redundancy for the abdominal part of the catheter may be of equal importance. PMID: 22004629 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Cycling related common femoral artery disease: an unusual case in an otherwise healthy male.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mughal NA, Rashid ST, Mavor A Abstract A cyclist reported gradual onset, bilateral leg claudication without any atherosclerotic risk factors and with a normal vascular examination. Duplex ultrasound and magnetic resonance angiography revealed bilateral focal stenoses due to coralline plaques of the common femoral arteries (CFAs) but normal proximal and distal vasculature. A surgical endarterectomy with vein patch angioplasty resolved all symptoms. Cyclist's iliac syndrome (whereby mechanical and anatomical factors in competitive cyclists and runners lead to arterial kinking and subsequent intimal hyperplasia, endofibrosis and, ultimately, stenoses of the external iliac arteries) is well documented. This is the first report to our knowledge of a similar process isolated to ...

A painful perineal lump: an unusual case of ectopic breast tissue.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We report the case of a 40-year-old lady who presented with an episodically painful perineal lump. Clinical and radiological investigations were inconclusive. Excision biopsy confirmed an ectopic breast mass. Ectopic breast tissue is difficult to diagnose but close attention to clinical findings can help to guide further investigation and diagnosis. PMID: 22004627 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Peritonitis from an abdominal wall biloma: a unique reason to avoid prophylactic surgical drainage.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We describe the case of a 56-year-old woman who underwent a converted cholecystectomy and whose correctly sited abdominal drain resulted in the formation of a biloma between the external and internal oblique musculature. Subsequent leakage from the biloma into the abdominal cavity presented as peritonitis days after surgery, necessitating an emergency laparotomy. This case represents the first reported description of an abdominal wall biloma as a complication of post-cholecystectomy abdominal drainage. The evidence surrounding prophylactic drainage is discussed. PMID: 22004626 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

A rare case of primary bone lymphoma mimicking a pelvic abscess.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We present an extremely rare case of PBL mimicking a pelvic abscess around the sacroiliac joint, which has never been reported in the medical literature, and discuss learning points highlighted from this case. PMID: 22004625 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

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Acute paediatric compartment syndrome of the hand caused by hereditary angiooedema.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We describe a case of an atraumatic compartment syndrome of the hand in a child who underwent an urgent fasciotomy. The child was diagnosed with hereditary angiooedema. We highlight a rare but serious complication of a hereditary disease not commonly seen by the surgical community. We hope that this report raises the awareness of this condition, thereby reducing delays in reaching a prompt diagnosis. PMID: 22004624 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Postcoital vaginal rupture after hysterectomy presenting as generalised peritonitis.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We report the unusual case of vaginal rupture presenting with generalised peritonitis without vaginal evisceration. PMID: 22004623 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Colorectal cancer presenting with dysarthria and ataxia: a case of isolated leptomeningeal metastasis.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We report the case of a 72-year-old man who presented with weight loss, anorexia and a change in bowel habit. Computed tomography (CT) of the chest, abdomen and pelvis demonstrated widespread thoracic and abdominal lymphadenopathy and a lesion within the splenic flexure. This was confirmed as an adenocarcinoma after a colonoscopic biopsy. A CT guided biopsy of the abdominal lymph node confirmed the adenocarcinoma. Within three days of admission, the patient developed worsening, progressive cerebellar symptoms that left the patient aphasic and bed bound. CT of the head was reported as normal. Magnetic resonance imaging of the head demonstrated widespread leptomeningeal metastases. We describe a case of isolated leptomeningeal metastasis from a colorectal primary tumour. PMID: 22004622 [...

Caecal volvulus in a patient with chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We describe the previously unreported case of caecal volvulus occurring in an adult patient with CIPO, together with his subsequent management. PMID: 22004621 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Acute radiation enteritis causing small bowel obstruction.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We present a case of a small bowel obstruction due to acute radiation enteritis. As radiotherapy continues to expand its role in the management of oncological disease, clinicians should remain alert to the resulting undesired effects. PMID: 22004620 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

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An atypical presentation of aortic rupture: intuition and investigation can avoid disaster.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Shah TT, Herbert P, Beresford T Abstract INTRODUCTION: Patients with an acute abdomen are a common presentation for those participating in emergency surgery cover. The aetiology of this presentation incorporates the spectrum of organ systems and is often not identified satisfactorily. Nevertheless, certain diagnoses will always be difficult to make and some presentations can be deceptive. Radiological investigations increasingly play a role in establishing an accurate diagnosis and frequently allow prompt management to be instituted. INTRODUCTION: Patients with an acute abdomen are a common presentation for those participating in emergency surgery cover. The aetiology of this presentation incorporates the spectrum of organ systems and is often not identified satisfactorily...

Triple-ostomy: management of perforations to the second part of the duodenum in patients unfit for definitive surgery.

Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We describe a case of a perforated duodenal ulcer in a medically unstable patient who was deemed unfit for lengthy definitive surgery. An emergency laparotomy and 'triple-ostomy' was performed. We recommend this procedure as an alternative for the emergency repair of D2 ulcers, especially in patients with multiple co-morbidities. PMID: 22004618 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of the Royal College of Surgeons of England)

Guidelines for the management of oesophageal and gastric cancer

Gut — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Introduction Over the past decade the Improving Outcomes Guidance (IOG) document has led to service re-configuration in the NHS and there are now 41 specialist centres providing oesophageal and gastric cancer care in England and Wales. The National Oesophago-Gastric Cancer Audit, which was supported by the British Society of Gastroenterology, the Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons (AUGIS) and the Royal College of Surgeons of England Clinical Effectiveness Unit, and sponsored by the Department of Health, has been completed and has established benchmarks for the service as well as identifying areas for future improvements.1–3 The past decade has also seen changes in the epidemiology of oesophageal and gastric cancer. The incidence of lower third and oesophago-gastric juncti...

Manganese‐enhanced MRI reveals multiple cellular and vascular layers in normal and degenerated retinas

Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion:Lamina‐specific retinal structures neurodegenerative changes to structure in retinal diseases can be detected using MEMRI. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2011;. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

The Hounsfield value for cortical bone geometry in the proximal humerus—an in vitro study

Skeletal Radiology — Mon, 19 Sep 2011 15:40:38 +0100

Conclusions A Hounsfield range of 500–900 HU can accurately depict cortical bone geometry in the proximal humerus. Thresholding outside this range leads to statistically significant inaccuracies. Our results concur with a similar range reported in the literature for the proximal femur. Knowledge of regional variations in cortical bone thickness has direct implications for basic science studies on osteoporosis and its treatment, but is also important for the orthopedic surgeon since our decision for treatment options is often guided by local bone quality. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Scientific ArticlePages 1-12DOI 10.1007/s00256-011-1255-7Authors Daren Lim Fat, Investigations Carried Out at Anatomy Lab, Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, 123 St. Steph...

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'Timebomb' fear as 'rationing by stealth' of operations hits NHS

Telegraph Health — Fri, 09 Sep 2011 17:36:32 +0100

"Rationing by stealth" is hitting the NHS, the Royal College of Surgeons (RCS) has claimed, after official figures were released showing a steep fall in the number of people referred to hospital by GPs. (Source: Telegraph Health)

First Irish Study Shows Weight Difference In Twins At Birth Is Key Predictor Of Health Complications

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 06 Sep 2011 08:00:00 +0100

The first results of a major all-Ireland study of twin pregnancies, led by Perinatal Ireland and the Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (RCSI) and funded by the Health Research Board, has shown that a major difference in the birth weights among a pair of twin babies results in an increased risk of health complications for both twins. 1001 women in Ireland with twin pregnancies between 2007 and 2009 participated in this study... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Orthopaedic training in China: EXPERIENCES FROM THE PROMOTION OF ORTHOPAEDIC SPECIALIST TRAINING IN CHINA.

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. British volume — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Leung KS, Ngai WK, Tian W Abstract There is no unified national training system for orthopaedic surgeons in China. With such rapid progress in many aspects of life in China, there is an imminent need for improvement in the training of orthopaedic specialists. Since 2003 the orthopaedic community in Hong Kong has been working in collaboration with their colleagues in mainland China to develop a training system for orthopaedic surgery. We adopted the system from the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh (RCSEd), setting up a trial centre in the Beijing Jishuitan hospital in 2006, with trainers and trainees attaining the standards set by RCSEd and the Hong Kong College of Orthopaedic Surgeons (HKCOS). This trial is ongoing, with the success of two trainees who passed the exi...

New online-only Case Reports - September listing.