MedWorm: Yale

Lyme disease map pinpoints high-risk areas: Do you live in one?

Health News: CBSNews.com — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 15:23:05 +0100

Researchers from Yale School of Public Health collected ticks for three years to determine high-risk areas in order to bolster prevention (Source: Health News: CBSNews.com)

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Some 4,500 children hospitalized for abuse

Health News - UPI.com — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 23:30:31 +0100

NEW HAVEN, Conn., Feb. 6 (UPI) -- More than 4,500 U.S. children were hospitalized in 2006 due to child abuse, researchers at the Yale School of Medicine found. (Source: Health News - UPI.com)

Child Abuse - 4,569 Hospitalizations And 300 Deaths In One Year, USA

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 19:00:00 +0100

Child abuse injuries resulted in 4,500 hospitalizations and 300 fatalities in just one year in the USA, researchers from Yale School of Medicine reported in the journal Pediatrics. This is the first study that has quantified abuse severity and how many children ended up in hospital, the authors added. Child Protective Services had only tracked occurrence of child abuse at a national level. Dr. John M. Leventhal and team set out to find out what the incidence of hospitalizations due to child abuse among children under 18 years of age might be... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Yale to hold Sex Week on campus

USATODAY.com Health — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 14:23:54 +0100

The biennial event begins Saturday and includes talks and workshops ranging from pornography, to contraception and sexual harassment. (Source: USATODAY.com Health)

Disturbing Rates Of Child Abuse And Hospitalizations

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 10:00:00 +0100

In one year alone, over 4,500 children in the United States were hospitalized due to child abuse, and 300 of them died of their injuries, Yale School of Medicine researchers report in a new study. The findings are published in the March 2012 issue of Pediatrics (published online Feb. 6). Several measures have been used to track the national occurrence of child abuse, including data from Child Protective Services. But until now none quantified the severity of the abuse or whether the child was hospitalized as a result. Led by John M. Leventhal, M.D... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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Patients With Anemia May Be At More Than Triple The Risk Of Dying After A Stroke

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 08:00:00 +0100

Being anemic could more than triple your risk of dying within a year after having a stroke, according to research presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference 2012. "Among stroke patients, severe anemia is a potent predictor of dying throughout the first year after a stroke," said Jason Sico, M.D., lead researcher and an assistant professor of neurology at Yale University School of Medicine in New Haven, Conn. Anemia is a common condition in which the body does not have enough healthy red blood cells... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Children hospitalized at alarming rate due to abuse

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Yale University) In one year alone, over 4,500 children in the United States were hospitalized due to child abuse, and 300 of them died of their injuries, Yale School of Medicine researchers report in a new study. The findings are published in the March 2012 issue of Pediatrics published online Feb. 6. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

New methodology assesses risk of scarce metals

EurekAlert! - Biology — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Yale University) Yale researchers have developed a methodology for governments and corporations to determine the availability of critical metals, according to a paper in Environmental Science & Technology. (Source: EurekAlert! - Biology)

Gene mutation discovery sparks hope for effective endometriosis screening

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Yale University) Researchers at Yale School of Medicine have, for the first time, described the genetic basis of endometriosis, a condition affecting millions of women that is marked by chronic pelvic pain and infertility. The researchers' discovery of a new gene mutation provides hope for new screening methods. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

Birdbooker Report 208 | @GrrlScientist

Guardian Unlimited Science — Sun, 05 Feb 2012 12:00:00 +0100

Compiled by an ardent bibliophile, this weekly report includes books about mosses, scientific art and stream ecology that have been newly published in North America and the UKBooks to the ceiling, Books to the sky,My pile of books is a mile high.How I love them! How I need them!I'll have a long beard by the time I read them. ~ Arnold Lobel [1933-1987] author of many popular children's books. Compiled by Ian "Birdbooker" Paulsen, the Birdbooker Report is a long-running weekly report listing the wide variety of nature, natural history, ecology, animal behaviour, science and history books that have been newly released or republished in North America and in the UK. The books listed here were received by Ian during the previous week, courtesy of these various publishing houses. New and Recent ...

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Anemia triples risk of death after stroke

Health News - UPI.com — Sat, 04 Feb 2012 06:51:10 +0100

NEW HAVEN, Conn., Feb. 4 (UPI) -- Being anemic could triple the risk of dying within a year after having a stroke, said researchers at Yale University School of Medicine in New Haven, Conn. (Source: Health News - UPI.com)

Factors Affecting Clinician Educator Encouragement of Routine HIV Testing Among Trainees

Journal of General Internal Medicine — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:15:12 +0100

CONCLUSIONS Clinician educators have a special role in the dissemination of the CDC recommendations as they impact the knowledge and attitudes of newly practicing physicians. Despite awareness of CDC recommendations, many CEs do not recommend universal HIV testing to trainees. Interventions that improve faculty knowledge of HIV testing recommendations and address barriers in resident clinics may enhance adoption of routine HIV testing. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ResearchPages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s11606-012-1985-9Authors Gail V. Berkenblit, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline St., Baltimore, MD 21287, USAJames M. Sosman, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Hea...

Scientists sign petition to boycott academic publisher Elsevier

Guardian Unlimited Science — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:07:55 +0100

Cost of Knowledge petition criticises 'exorbitantly high' price of Elsevier's scientific journals and the publisher's 'huge profits'More than 3,000 academics, including several Fields medal-winning mathematicians, have put their names to a petition declaring their intention to boycott the academic publisher Elsevier.The "Cost of Knowledge" petition claims Elsevier charges "exorbitantly high" prices for its journals and criticises its practice of selling journals in "bundles" so libraries "must buy a large set with many unwanted journals, or none at all". It says the publisher makes "huge profits by exploiting their essential titles, at the expense of other journals".The petition also criticises Elsevier's support for the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA), PIPA and the US Research Works Act, wh...

Favorable outcome associated with an IGF-1 ligand signature in breast cancer

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 17:12:05 +0100

In conclusion, a breast tumor-derived signature of high IGF-1 ligand is associated with favorable outcome, in contrast to a previously reported IGF-IR activation signature. The prognostic value of the IGF-I ligand signature is validated in three independent datasets. These signatures should be applied in study of IGF1-R targeted therapy. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory EpidemiologyPages 1-11DOI 10.1007/s10549-012-1952-5Authors Lina Mu, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USADavid Tuck, Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USADionyssios Katsaros, Gynecologic Oncology and Breast Cancer Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Turin, Turin...

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Addicts' Cravings Have Different Roots In Men And Women

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 08:00:00 +0100

When it comes to addiction, sex matters. A new brain imaging study by Yale School of Medicine researchers suggests stress robustly activates areas of the brain associated with craving in cocaine-dependent women, while drug cues activate similar brain regions in cocaine-dependent men. The study, expected to be published online Jan. 31 in the American Journal of Psychiatry, suggests men and women with cocaine dependence might benefit more from different treatment options... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

[News] US EPA carcinogens assessment programme under fire

The Lancet Oncology — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) research chief Paul Anastas will leave the agency in February, 2012, to return to a faculty position at Yale University (New Haven, CT, USA). Both Anastas and former EPA chemical safety chief Steve Owns—who resigned in November, 2011—were circumspect about their reasons for departure, announcing that they wished to spend more time with their families. However, their resignations come as the EPA faces intensified criticism from Congress and industry about its assessments of toxic and carcinogenic chemicals. (Source: The Lancet Oncology)

By the Numbers: Autism Is Not a Math Problem

Scientific American - Official RSS Feed — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 11:30:00 +0100

At a meeting of the Icelandic Medical Association last week, Yale University child psychologist Fred Volkmar gave a presentation on how the American Psychiatric Association (APA) is changing the definition of autism. In his talk, Volkmar came to a startling conclusion: more than half of the people who meet the existing criteria for autism would not meet the APA’s new definition of autism and, therefore, may not receive state educational and medical services. [More] (Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed)

Addicts' cravings have different roots in men and women

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Yale University) A new brain imaging study by Yale School of Medicine researchers suggests stress robustly activates areas of the brain associated with craving in cocaine-dependent women, while drug cues activate similar brain regions in cocaine-dependent men. The study, expected to be published online Jan. 31 in the American Journal of Psychiatry, suggests men and women with cocaine dependence might benefit more from different treatment options. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

M3: an improved SNP calling algorithm for Illumina BeadArray data

Bioinformatics — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Summary: Genotype calling from high-throughput platforms such as Illumina and Affymetrix is a critical step in data processing, so that accurate information on genetic variants can be obtained for phenotype–genotype association studies. A number of algorithms have been developed to infer genotypes from data generated through the Illumina BeadStation platform, including GenCall, GenoSNP, Illuminus and CRLMM. Most of these algorithms are built on population-based statistical models to genotype every SNP in turn, such as GenCall with the GenTrain clustering algorithm, and require a large reference population to perform well. These approaches may not work well for rare variants where only a small proportion of the individuals carry the variant. A fundamentally different approach, impleme...

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Method Discovered By Researchers To Unravel Malaria's Genetic Secrets

Health News from Medical News Today — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 08:00:00 +0100

The parasite that causes malaria is a genetic outlier, which has prevented scientists from discovering the functions of most of its genes. Researchers at National Jewish Health and Yale University School of Medicine have devised a technique to overcome the genetic oddity of Plasmodium falciparum, the major cause of human malaria. This new approach led them discover a new gene involved in lipid synthesis, and opens the door to further genetic discovery for the entire organism... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Researchers Study Impact Of Proposed Autism Diagnostic Criteria

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 08:00:00 +0100

Getting an autism diagnosis could be more difficult in 2013 when a revised diagnostic definition goes into effect. The proposed changes may affect the proportion of individuals who qualify for a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, according to preliminary data presented by Yale School of Medicine researchers at a meeting of the Icelandic Medical Association. The proposed changes to the diagnostic definition would be published in the fifth edition of the American Psychiatric Association's (APA) "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5)... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Perphenazine Suspension: A New, Old Treatment, Side Effects and Continuous Use

Psychiatric Quarterly — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:34:34 +0100

In this study we compare perphenazine suspension to other first and SGAs in the risk of extrapyramidal reactions and whether or not patients were continued on the same antipsychotic they were started with at the time of discharge. Medical records of patients who received acute pharmacotherapy in a unique form while hospitalized at Yale New Haven Psychiatric Hospital from July 2009 to December 2009 were examined. All data were collected thru a chart review using a form that was created to systematically document experiences. A total of 229 patients were included in the study. There were no significant differences between treatment groups on gender, age, race or diagnosis. In the entire samples 1.75% had pseudo-parkonisnism, 1.31% had acute dystonia, 0.04% had tardive dyskinesia, 1.31...

Cervical neural space narrowing during simulated rear crashes with anti-whiplash systems

European Spine Journal — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:32:42 +0100

Conclusions While lower cervical spine cord compression during a rear crash is unlikely in those with normal canal diameters, our results demonstrated foraminal kinematics sufficient to compress spinal ganglia and nerve roots. Future anti-whiplash systems designed to reduce cervical neural space narrowing may lead to reduced radicular symptoms in whiplash patients. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00586-012-2159-5Authors Paul C. Ivancic, Biomechanics Research Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St, P.O. Box 208071, New Haven, CT 06520-8071, USA Journal European Spine JournalOnline ISSN 1432-0932Print ISSN 0940-6719 (Source: European Spine Journal)

Preschool children with obsessive–compulsive disorder and fluoxetine treatment

European Child and Adolescent Psychiatry — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:32:13 +0100

Abstract Obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) is an anxiety disorder which can substantially disable children’s ability to function at home and school. Clinicians frequently rely on knowledge about symptoms that can be examined early in treatment to determine future treatment effectiveness. However, OCD in preschoolers has also received little attention in literature. To the best of our knowledge, there is only one retrospective chart review and one case report in the literature for preschool cases treated with SSRIs. Therefore, the effect of fluoxetine on preschool children was imprecisely understood. The aim of this case report was to examine the efficacy and safety of fluoxetine treatment for pediatric OCD. Four preschool children with OCD completed an 8-week fluoxet...

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The evolution of division of labor

EurekAlert! - Biology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(University of Vienna) Division of labor is not only a defining feature of human societies but is also omnipresent among the building blocks of biological organisms and is considered a major theme of evolution. Theoretical Biologists Claus Rueffler and Joachim Hermisson from Vienna University in collaboration with Guenter P. Wagner from Yale University identified necessary conditions under which division of labor is favored by natural selection. The results of their study are published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. (Source: EurekAlert! - Biology)

Common Mechanism Of Hypertension Revealed By Sweeping Genetic Analysis Of Rare Disease

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 23 Jan 2012 09:00:00 +0100

Analyzing all the genes of dozens of people suffering from a rare form of hypertension, Yale University researchers have discovered a new mechanism that regulates the blood pressure of all humans. The findings by an international research team headed by Yale scientists, published online Jan. 22 in the journal Nature, may help explain what goes wrong in the one billion people who suffer from high blood pressure. The study also demonstrates the power of new DNA sequencing methods to find previously unknown disease-causing genes... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Sweeping genetic analysis of rare disease yields common mechanism of hypertension

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Sun, 22 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Yale University) Analyzing all the genes of dozens of people suffering from a rare form of hypertension, Yale University researchers have discovered a new mechanism that regulates the blood pressure of all humans. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Autism Redefined - Harder to get Autism Diagnosis in 2013 as Revised Definition Goes into Effect

Disabled World — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 21:10:55 +0100

Autism redefined: Yale researchers study impact of proposed diagnostic criteria - Getting an autism diagnosis could be more difficult in 2013 when a revised diagnostic definition goes into effect. (Source: Disabled World)

Autism redefined

Medicineworld.org: New Article Alert — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 23:50:22 +0100

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ALCTS webinar: The Black, White, and Gray Areas of Licensing: a review and update for librarians and publishers

Midcontinental Region News — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 21:43:38 +0100

Date: February 29, 2012 All webinars are one hour in length and begin at 11am Pacific, noon Mountain, 1pm Central, and 2pm Eastern time. Description: Building on a preconference offered at ALA Annual 2010 entitled “Taming the Licensing Tiger,” the presenters will carry on the conversation around library licensing issues and answer questions submitted in advance by attendees. Using an interactive approach employing chat, audience polling and pre-submitted questions, the presenters will cover hot topics and current challenges facing libraries in licensing digital content. The presenters represent the viewpoints of a publisher (Robert Boissy), an academic library (Becky Albitz) and a consortium (Tracy Thompson-Przylucki). Participants will be asked to submit questions upon registration. L...

G-spot proves hard to find

NHS News Feed — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 10:28:00 +0100

Conclusion This narrative review searched for medical literature that might verify whether the G-spot actually exists. Overall, it found that results have been conflicting; in surveys many women believe in the existence of a highly sensitive area of the vaginal wall, which related to the experience of orgasm and fluid ejaculation in some. Other radiological studies and lab analyses of tissue samples have demonstrated separate nerve supply to the clitoris and vagina, with some suggesting a dense network of nerves within the front vaginal wall where the G-spot is meant to be situated. However, other studies conclude that it is not possible to find evidence of a distinct structure, other than the clitoris, whose direct stimulation leads to vaginal orgasm. With a topic such as this, where much...

Researchers Identify Genetic Signatures Of Exceptional Longevity In Re-Published Study

Health News from Medical News Today — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 09:00:00 +0100

While environment and family history are factors in healthy aging, genetic variants play a critical and complex role in conferring exceptional longevity, according to researchers from the Boston University Schools of Public Health and Medicine, Boston Medical Center, IRCCS Multimedica in Milan, Italy, and Yale University. Published in PLoS ONE, after peer review, the research findings are the corrected version of work originally published in Science in July 2010... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

G-spot still not found by scientists after 60 years

the Mail online | Health — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 08:50:13 +0100

It's a sexual quest that has frustrated many couples for decades - and now scientists from Yale-New Haven Hospital in Connecticut say there may be no such thing as a 'G-spot' after all. (Source: the Mail online | Health)

HIV Testing Behaviors Among Latinos in Baltimore City

Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 07:46:49 +0100

Abstract In the US, HIV disproportionately affects Latinos who often present late in the disease. Baltimore has seen a recent rapid growth in its Latino population paralleled by an increasing impact of HIV/AIDS among Latinos. From 2009 to 2010, we performed a cross-sectional survey of Latinos accessing the Baltimore City Health Department (BCHD) Latino Outreach services to assess self-report of previous HIV testing, with particular attention to migration history and risk behaviors. Of 247 Latinos (46% male) accessing BCHD outreach services, 96% were foreign-born. Self-perceived HIV risk was not associated with actual risk behaviors or HIV testing. In multivariate models, previous HIV testing was correlated with knowledge of HIV transmission modes and knowing that a person ...

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Autism redefined: Yale researchers study impact of proposed diagnostic criteria

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Yale University) Getting an autism diagnosis could be more difficult in 2013 when a revised diagnostic definition goes into effect. The proposed changes may affect the proportion of individuals who qualify for a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder, according to preliminary data presented by Yale School of Medicine researchers at a meeting of the Icelandic Medical Association. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

Short Takes

Public Policy Reports — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 20:12:42 +0100

Dr. Paul Anastas will step down as assistant administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency's Office of Research and Development in mid-February, after leading the program for two years. Anastas plans to return to Yale University, where he previously led its Center for Green Chemistry and Green Engineering. A recent survey by Research!America indicates increasing public support for health research. Most people surveyed (91 percent) feel that research is important to their state's economy. However, 77 percent of respondents fear that the United States is losing its competitive edge in science. Read the report at http://www.researchamerica.org/uploads/AmericaSpeaksV12.pdf. Five federal agencies have developed a pilot website to highlight science and technology careers in the federal go...

BU researchers identify genetic signatures of exceptional longevity in re-published study

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Boston University Medical Center) While environment and family history are factors in healthy aging, genetic variants play a critical and complex role in conferring exceptional longevity, according to researchers from the Boston University Schools of Public Health and Medicine, Boston Medical Center, IRCCS Multimedica in Milan, Italy, and Yale University. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

Green Chemist: A Q&A with Departing EPA Science Advisor Paul Anastas

Scientific American - Official RSS Feed — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 19:15:00 +0100

Editor's Note : Paul Anastas, the father of green chemistry, is leaving his high-ranking post at the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency next month and returning to Yale University . During an interview with Jane Kay of Environmental Health News, Anastas, who will remain at his post for another month or so, said there has been a "growing realization across EPA" that green chemistry "can meet environmental and economic goals simultaneously." During his two years as science advisor and assistant administrator at EPA's Office of Research and Development , Anastas played a key role in many important decisions and issues, including the use of dispersants during the Gulf oil spill and the agency's long-awaited analysis of dioxin.--Marla Cone, Editor in...

Factors That Predict Walking Difficulty In Elderly

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 09:00:00 +0100

Yale School of Medicine researchers have found that the likelihood of becoming disabled with age increases with the following factors: having a chronic condition or cognitive impairment; low physical activity; slower gross motor coordination; having poor lower-extremity function; and being hospitalized. Women are also more likely than men to become disabled in their later years. Based on 12 years of data, the findings are published in the Jan.17 issue of Annals of Internal Medicine by a research team led by Thomas Gill, M.D... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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Adjunctive cognitive behavioural therapy improves response in children with OCD and partial response to serotonin reuptake inhibitors

Evidence-Based Mental Health — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

QuestionQuestion What are the effects of adding cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), brief CBT or instructions in CBT in children with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and a partial response to serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRI)? Patients 124 paediatric outpatients between the ages of 7 and 17 with a primary DSM-IV diagnosis of OCD, and residual symptoms (Children's Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (CY-BOCS) score of ≥16), and were defined as having a partial response to an adequate SRI trial by a study psychiatrist. Setting Three US academic medical centres (University of Pennsylvania, Duke University and Brown University); from 2004 to 2009. Intervention Adjunctive CBT or instructions in CBT or no adjunctive treatment over 12 weeks. All participants received medication manage...

Multivariate analysis of anxiety disorders yields further evidence of linkage to chromosomes 4q21 and 7p in panic disorder families

American Journal of Medical Genetics Part B: Neuropsychiatric Genetics — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractReplication has been difficult to achieve in linkage studies of psychiatric disease. Linkage studies of panic disorder have indicated regions of interest on chromosomes 1q, 2p, 2q, 3, 7, 9, 11, 12q13, 12q23, and 15. Few regions have been implicated in more than one study. We examine two samples, the Iowa (IA) and the Columba panic disorder families. We use the fuzzy‐clustering method presented by Kaabi et al. [Kaabi et al. (2006); Am J Hum Genet 78: 543–553] to summarize liability to panic disorder, agoraphobia, simple phobia, and social phobia. Kaabi et al. applied this method to the Yale panic disorder linkage families and found evidence of linkage to chromosomes 4q21, 4q32, 7p, and 8. When we apply the same method to the IA families, we obtain overlapping evidence of linkage...

Anastas Steps Down At EPA

Chemical and Engineering News — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 06:00:43 +0100

Agency head of research will move back to Yale University after two years of political heat. (Source: Chemical and Engineering News)

No walk in the park: Factors that predict walking difficulty in elderly

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Yale University) Yale School of Medicine researchers have found that the likelihood of becoming disabled with age increases with the following factors: having a chronic condition or cognitive impairment; low physical activity; slower gross motor coordination; having poor lower-extremity function; and being hospitalized. Women are also more likely than men to become disabled in their later years. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

Association Between Use of Specific Drugs and Antiretroviral Adherence: Findings from MACH 14

AIDS and Behavior — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 16:55:39 +0100

Abstract To determine the association between individual substances of abuse and antiretroviral adherence, analyses require a large sample assessed using electronic data monitoring (EDM). In this analysis, EDM data from 1,636 participants in 12 US adherence-focused studies were analyzed to determine the associations between recent use of various substances and adherence during the preceding 4 weeks. In bivariate analyses comparing adherence among patients who had used a specific substance to those who had not, adherence was significantly lower among those who had recently used cocaine, other stimulants or heroin but not among those who had used cannabis or alcohol. In multivariate analyses controlling for sociodemographics, amount of alcohol use and recent use of any ...

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Cancer: Immune cell boosts cancer

Nature — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Nature 481, 7380 (2012). doi:10.1038/481117b Skin immune cells that present fragments of invaders to the immune system also promote skin cancer in response to a powerful carcinogen.Michael Girardi at Yale University in New Haven, Connecticut, and his colleagues exposed the skin of mice to DMBA, a laboratory chemical representative (Source: Nature)

Entire Human Genome Sequenced For $1,000

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 21:00:00 +0100

Life Technologies has launched the new Benchtop Ion Proton Sequencer, which can determine the entire human genome for $1,000, in as little as one day. Previously, it had taken the machine anywhere from weeks, and even months to sequence a human genome, and would cost between $5,000 and $10,000. Many large medical practices, including Yale School of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, and The Broad Institute, already have their own IonProton Sequencers... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Sex differences in stimulus expectancy and pharmacologic effects of a moderate dose of alcohol on smoking lapse risk in a laboratory analogue study

Psychopharmacology — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 16:49:27 +0100

Conclusions Women may be more likely to choose to smoke after drinking moderate amounts of alcohol because of their expectations rather than the pharmacological effects of the alcohol. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original InvestigationPages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s00213-011-2624-6Authors Christopher W. Kahler, Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Box G-S121-5, Providence, RI 02912, USAJane Metrik, Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Box G-S121-5, Providence, RI 02912, USANichea S. Spillane, Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Brown University, Box G-S121-5, Providence, RI 02912, USAAdam M. Leventhal, Departments of Preventive Medicine and Psychology, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los ...

Judging Hospital Quality Via Death Rate May Be Misleading

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 08:00:00 +0100

Hospitals, health insurers and patients often rely on patient death rates in hospitals to compare hospital quality. Now a new study by researchers at Yale School of Medicine questions the accuracy of that widely used approach and supports measuring patient deaths over a period of 30 days from admission even after they have left the hospital. Published in the Annals of Internal Medicine, the study has wide implications as quality measures take on more importance in the healthcare system, notes Elizabeth Drye, M.D... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

U.S. hospital death rates may mislead

Health News - UPI.com — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 03:40:31 +0100

NEW HAVEN, Conn., Jan. 4 (UPI) -- Comparing U.S. hospital death rates to judge hospital quality may be misleading, Yale School of Medicine researchers suggest. (Source: Health News - UPI.com)

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Employment experience of cancer survivors 2 years post-diagnosis in the Study of Cancer Survivors-I

Journal of Cancer Survivorship — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 07:02:25 +0100

Discussions Several sociodemographic and psychosocial characteristics were associated with negative work-related experiences and reduced workload in this population of cancer survivors who were working 1 to 2 years post-diagnosis. Additional research is needed to determine if these experiences and predictors are consistent in other cancer survivor populations. Implications for cancer survivors Being aware that some working cancer survivors may have negative work-related experiences and/or may not maintain full employment in later survivorship years may enable cancer survivors and employers to improve survivors’ experiences at work. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s11764-011-0212-8Authors Miao Yu, Yale School of Public Hea...

Cost-Effectiveness of Long-Term Outpatient Buprenorphine-Naloxone Treatment for Opioid Dependence in Primary Care

Journal of General Internal Medicine — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 06:56:40 +0100

CONCLUSIONS Office-based bup/nx for clinically stable patients may be a cost-effective alternative to no treatment at a threshold of $100,000/QALY depending on assumptions about quality-of-life weights. Additional research about quality-of-life benefits and broader health system and societal cost savings of bup/nx therapy is needed. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ResearchPages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s11606-011-1962-8Authors Bruce R. Schackman, Department of Public Health, Weill Cornell Medical College, 402 East 67th Street, New York, NY 10065, USAJared A. Leff, Department of Public Health, Weill Cornell Medical College, 402 East 67th Street, New York, NY 10065, USADaniel Polsky, Division of Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Phi...

Major variation in bladder cancer subtype trends highlights need for focused research

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Wiley-Blackwell) A major Yale University study of 128,000 patients has found significant differences between the most common cancer tumors growing inside and on the surface of the bladder. Papillary transitional cell carcinoma rose by 56 percent between 1973 and 2007 and non-papillary transitional cell carcinoma fell by 53 percent over the same period, suggesting that they may be two disease entities with different causes. This significant finding underlines the importance of future research differentiating between these two subtypes. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Death rate measure used to judge hospital quality may be misleading

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Yale University) Hospitals, health insurers and patients often rely on patient death rates in hospitals to compare hospital quality. Now a new study by researchers at Yale School of Medicine questions the accuracy of that widely used approach and supports measuring patient deaths over a period of 30 days from admission even after they have left the hospital. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

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Many NIH-funded clinical trials go unpublished over 2 years after completion

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Yale University) In a study that investigates the challenges of disseminating clinical research findings in peer-reviewed biomedical journals, Yale School of Medicine researchers have found that fewer than half of a sample of trials primarily or partially funded by the National Institutes of Health were published within 30 months of completing the clinical trial. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

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Clinical Endocrinology News — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Adolescents and young adults with diabetes are 6% more likely to drop out of school than are those without the disease, according to Health Affairs report. The disparity is similar to the difference in dropout rates seen between young people who have attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder and those without ADHD, the study showedaInyoung adults with diabetes can expect to earn $160,000 less in wages over their working lives, compared with adults without the condition, said the researchers at Yale University, New Haven, Conn. By age 30, a person with diabetes can expect to have a 10-percentage-point reduction in the likelihood of being employed – in part because of reduced education – and to earn $6,000 less each year, compared with peers who do not have diabetes, the researchers sai...

Bacteria Battle Against Toxic Fluoride

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 29 Dec 2011 08:00:00 +0100

Regular use of fluoride-containing toothpaste and mouthwash has long been known to strengthen the enamel on teeth. But new research by Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) scientists finds that fluoride also has dramatic effects on bacteria inside the mouth -- including those that form plaque and can cause cavities. HHMI researcher Ronald Breaker of Yale University has discovered the cellular chain of events that occurs inside a bacterium after it encounters fluoride in its environment... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Rural Residence and Adoption of a Novel HIV Therapy in a National, Equal-Access Healthcare System

AIDS and Behavior — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 16:53:08 +0100

Abstract Rural persons with HIV face barriers to care that may influence adoption of advances in therapy. We performed a retrospective cohort study to determine rural–urban variation in adoption of raltegravir—the first HIV integrase inhibitor—in national Veterans Afffairs (VA) healthcare. There were 1,222 veterans with clinical indication for raltegravir therapy at time of its FDA approval in October 2007, of whom 223 (19.1%) resided in rural areas. Urban persons were more likely than rural to initiate raltegravir within 180 days (17.3% vs. 11.2%, P = 0.02) and 360 days (27.5% vs. 19.7%, P = 0.02), but this gap narrowed slightly at 720 days (36.3% vs. 31.8%, P = 0.19). In multivariable analysis adjusting for patient charact...

Looking after your teeth 'could reduce risk of pneumonia'

the Mail online | Health — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 09:59:12 +0100

Cleaning your teeth properly may not just prevent gum disease - it could potentially reduce the risk of pneumonia as well, according to research from Yale University. (Source: the Mail online | Health)

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Bad dental health can lead to pneumonia, Yale study suggests

Telegraph Health — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 06:00:27 +0100

Thousands of elderly people are at increased risk of pneumonia this winter if they fail to brush their teeth regularly, a study suggests. (Source: Telegraph Health)

Sugary drink ads target black and Latino children and teens

NaturalNews.com — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 06:00:00 +0100

A report released by the Yale Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity finds that soft drink companies target black and Latino teens with ads for sugary drinks. The beverages identified by the Center as least healthy are also those most heavily promoted to children of... (Source: NaturalNews.com)

Yale scientist wins inaugural ASBMB award for her work on regulation of gene expression

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology) The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology has named Elisabetta Ullu, professor of internal medicine and cell biology at the Yale University School of Medicine, the winner of the society's inaugural Alice and C.C. Wang award. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Medical guidelines, physician density, and quality of care: evidence from German SHARE data

The European Journal of Health Economics — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 17:02:06 +0100

Abstract We use German SHARE data to study the relationship between district general practitioner density and the quality of preventive care provided to older adults. We measure physician quality of care as the degree of adherence to medical guidelines (for the management of risk factors for cardiovascular disease and the prevention of falls) as reported by patients. Contrary to theoretical expectations, we find only weak and insignificant effects of physician density on quality of care. Our results shed doubt on the notion that increasing physician supply will increase the quality of care provided in Germany’s present health care system. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-15DOI 10.1007/s10198-011-0372-5Authors Hendrik Jürges, Schumpeter Sc...

Birdbooker Report 202 | @GrrlScientist

Guardian Unlimited Science — Sun, 25 Dec 2011 12:00:21 +0100

Discussions of environmental issues, including such catastrophic events as Hurricane Katrina and the Deepwater Horizon blowout Glossary Excellent organizational aids for locating information quicklyIAN'S RECOMMENDATION: A good introduction to the natural history of the region. GRRLSCIENTIST COMMENT: The Guardian's Mystery Birders will love this book! Peat, Neville. Seabird Genius: The Story of L.E. Richdale, the Royal Albatross, and the Yellow-eyed Penguin. 2011. Otago University Press. Paperback: 288 pages. Price: $45.00 U.S. [Amazon UK; Amazon US]. SUMMARY: The first biography of Lance Richdale (1900-1983), who achieved international fame as the father of Otago's albatross colony from 1936 and for his research on the behaviour of the Yellow-eyed Penguin -- Time magazine dubbed him 'Th...

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Chemotherapy response and recurrence-free survival in neoadjuvant breast cancer depends on biomarker profiles: results from the I-SPY 1 TRIAL (CALGB 150007/150012; ACRIN 6657)

Breast Cancer Research and Treatment — Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:42:11 +0100

Abstract Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for breast cancer allows individual tumor response to be assessed depending on molecular subtype, and to judge the impact of response to therapy on recurrence-free survival (RFS). The multicenter I-SPY 1 TRIAL evaluated patients with ≥3 cm tumors by using early imaging and molecular signatures, with outcomes of pathologic complete response (pCR) and RFS. The current analysis was performed using data from patients who had molecular profiles and did not receive trastuzumab. The various molecular classifiers tested were highly correlated. Categorization of breast cancer by molecular signatures enhanced the ability of pCR to predict improvement in RFS compared to the population as a whole. In multivariate analysis, the molecular signatu...

Defining Treatment Response in Pediatric Tic Disorders: A Signal Detection Analysis of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology — Fri, 23 Dec 2011 14:09:52 +0100

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology Dec 2011, Vol. 21, No. 6: 621-627. (Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology)

ALFRED: an allele frequency resource for research and teaching

Nucleic Acids Research — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

ALFRED (http://alfred.med.yale.edu) is a free, web accessible, curated compilation of allele frequency data on DNA sequence polymorphisms in anthropologically defined human populations. Currently, ALFRED has allele frequency tables on over 663 400 polymorphic sites; 170 of them have frequency tables for more than 100 different population samples. In ALFRED, a population may have multiple samples with each ‘sample’ consisting of many individuals on which an allele frequency is based. There are 3566 population samples from 710 different populations with allele frequency tables on at least one polymorphism. Fifty of those population samples have allele frequency data for over 650 000 polymorphisms. Records also have active links to relevant resources (dbSNP, PharmGKB, OMIM, Ethnol...

James Hillman obituary

Guardian Unlimited Science — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 20:57:44 +0100

US psychologist who concluded that therapy needed to change the world rather than focus on people's inner livesJames Hillman, who has died aged 85 from the complications of cancer, has been hailed as the most important US psychologist since William James. He was a dedicated subversive – witty and original – and an heir to the Jungian tradition, which he reimagined with unceasing brilliance. Fiercely critical of America's dedication to the pursuit of happiness, Hillman focused on the darkest and most difficult human experiences – illness, depression, failure and suicide – not merely as abnormal pathologies that should be avoided or cured.He drew on the writers and philosophers of the Italian Renaissance and ancient Greece, as well as a romantic tradition that included Keats, Goethe,...

'Lee de Forest - King of Radio, Television, and Film'

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(Springer) Lee de Forest, a Yale doctorate and ultimately an Oscar winner, was an early pioneer of radio and motion picture sound. A new book, "Lee de Forest - King of Radio, Television, and Film" (Springer), by Mike Adams chronicles de Forest's many contributions and inventions that contributed to the development of radio and film. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

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The Individual Mandate, Mental Health Parity, and the Obama Health Plan

Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 16:52:40 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Point of ViewPages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s10488-011-0395-3Authors Neil Krishan Aggarwal, Department of Psychiatry and the New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, Room 1715, Unit 11, New York, NY 10032, USAMichael Rowe, Program for Recovery and Community Health, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 319 Peck Street, Bldg. 1, New Haven, CT 06513, USA Journal Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services ResearchOnline ISSN 1573-3289Print ISSN 0894-587X (Source: Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research)

Sleep, Cycles and Rebooting Your Brain with Meditation

Psychology Today Anxiety Center — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 19:12:32 +0100

Did you hear about the new brain imaging study by researchers at Yale University? It showed that people who meditate regularly are able to switch off parts of the brain associated with anxiety, schizophrenia, attention deficit, and hyperactivity disorder and other problems. Primary Topic: Stress read more (Source: Psychology Today Anxiety Center)

Indoor Tanning Strong Risk Factor For Skin Cancer In Young People

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 14:00:00 +0100

Compared to those who have never used it, young people who use indoor tanning have a 69% higher risk of developing a type of skin cancer called basal cell carcinoma (BCC), according to a new study led by researchers from the Yale School of Public Health in the US that was published online on 12 December in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. The researchers found the risk was strongest among women and went up with every year of using indoor tanning. A number of studies published recently shows an increase in people, particularly young women, with BCC... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

The expanding family of hypophosphatemic syndromes

Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism — Tue, 13 Dec 2011 17:04:52 +0100

Abstract Investigation of X-linked hypophosphatemia (XLH) has led to the identification of a novel phosphate-regulating homeostatic system. Initially considered vitamin D-refractory rickets, renal phosphate wasting was identified as the cardinal biochemical feature of XLH and several related disorders. Current therapy employs calcitriol and phosphate, which usually improves, but does not completely heal deformities and short stature. Later complications of XLH include development of osteophytes, entheses, and osteoarthritis. The mutated gene in XLH, PHEX, is expressed in osteocytes, but its role in the pathogenesis of phosphate wasting is poorly understood. Many hypophosphatemic disorders are mediated by FGF23, a unique fibroblast growth factor with endocrine properties. Re...

Linking Neighborhood Characteristics to Food Insecurity in Older Adults: The Role of Perceived Safety, Social Cohesion, and Walkability

Journal of Urban Health — Tue, 13 Dec 2011 06:57:58 +0100

This study uses data from a representative sample of 1,870 New York City senior center participants in 2008 to investigate the relationship between three neighborhood-level factors (walkability, safety, and social cohesion) and food insecurity among the elderly. Issues relating to food security were measured by three separate outcome measures: whether the participant had a concern about having enough to eat this past month (concern about food security), whether the participant was unable to afford food during the past year (insufficient food intake related to financial resources), and whether the participant experienced hunger in the past year related to not being able to leave home (mobility-related food insufficiency). Unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression was performed for e...

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Reliability and validity of the Swedish version of the modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale

Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica — Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionThis validation study of the Swedish version of the m‐YPAS shows good consistency, interrater validity, and construct validity when used by experienced assessors. (Source: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica)

Impaired Gremlin 1 (GREM1) expression in cumulus cells in young women with diminished ovarian reserve (DOR)

Journal of Assisted Reproduction and Genetics — Sat, 10 Dec 2011 16:55:41 +0100

Conclusion This is the first demonstration linking differential expression of Gremlin with etiology of infertility in women. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Gonad Physiology and DiseasePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s10815-011-9684-8Authors Sangita Jindal, Division of Reproductive Endocrinology & Infertility, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology & Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USAKeri Greenseid, The Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Science at St. Barnabas, Livingston, NJ, USADara Berger, Montefiore’s Institute for Reproductive Medicine and Health, 141 South Central Ave, Suite 201, Hartsdale, NY 10530, USANanette Santoro, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO, USALubna Pal, Division of ...

CRD To Review The Effectiveness And Safety Of Bone Growth Product

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 08 Dec 2011 10:00:00 +0100

The Centre for Reviews and Dissemination (CRD) at the University of York is to conduct a major independent review of the effectiveness and safety of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2), a product used in spinal surgeries to promote bone growth. After competitive tender, Yale School of Medicine has chosen CRD and the Oregon Evidence-based Practice Center at Oregon Health & Science University in Portland, Oregon, to conduct two separate reviews. Both are world leaders in the analysis of individual patient data from clinical trials... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Johns Hopkins Awarded $16M to Launch New Genetics Research Identify Disease Cause- 12/6/11

Johns Hopkins Medicine News — Wed, 07 Dec 2011 21:57:23 +0100

The McKusick-Nathans Institute of Genetic Medicine at Johns Hopkins in collaboration with Baylor College of Medicine has been named one of three Mendelian Disorders Genome Centers by the National Human Genome Research Institute and will receive $16 million over the next four years to identify causes of genetic disease. The new center will be called the Baylor-Hopkins Center for Mendelian Genomics; the other two centers will be at University of Washington and Yale University. (Source: Johns Hopkins Medicine News)

Social Integration of People with Severe Mental Illness: Relationships Between Symptom Severity, Professional Assistance, and Natural Support

The Journal of Behavioral Health Services and Research — Wed, 07 Dec 2011 10:52:13 +0100

Abstract Reducing dependency on professionals and social integration has been a major goal of recovery-oriented mental health services. This cross-sectional study examined 531 male outpatients at three public mental health centers in Southern Connecticut. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses were conducted to answer: (1) Do clients who have more severe clinical problems rely more on professional support and mental health services, and rely less on natural supports? (2) Do clients who have greater natural supports rely less on professional support and mental health services? Results found clients with more severe clinical problems do not rely more on professional support and report less natural social support. Natural support was also found to be a complement, rather t...

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Orphan Experiences Lead To Changes In Genome Functioning

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 07 Dec 2011 08:00:00 +0100

Children who experience the stress of separation at birth from biological parents and are brought up in orphanages undergo biological consequences such as changes in their genome functioning, Yale School of Medicine researchers report in a new study. Published online in the current issue of Development and Psychopathology, the study reports differences in DNA methylation, one of the main regulatory mechanisms of gene expression, or genome functioning... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Yale picks schools to review Medtronic bone protein

Modern Medicine — Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Modern Medicine)

Parathyroid Four-Dimensional Computed Tomography: Evaluation of Radiation Dose Exposure During Preoperative Localization of Parathyroid Tumors in Primary Hyperparathyroidism

World Journal of Surgery — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 17:04:51 +0100

Conclusions 4DCT, a superior preoperative imaging modality for locating parathyroid tumors, imparts a significantly higher thyroid radiation dose than SeS. Given the enhanced risk of thyroid cancer in individuals with radiation exposure at a young age, 4DCT should be used judiciously in young PHPT patients. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s00268-011-1365-3Authors Amit Mahajan, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USALee F. Starker, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, PO Box 208062, New Haven, CT 06520-8062, USAMonica Ghita, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USARobert Udelsman, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of ...

Loss Of Gray Matter In Brains Of Adolescents As A Result Of Past Abuse

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 08:00:00 +0100

Adolescents who were abused and neglected have less gray matter in some areas of the brain than young people who have not been maltreated, a new Yale School of Medicine study shows. The brain areas impacted by maltreatment may differ between boys and girls, may depend on whether the youths had been exposed to abuse or neglect, and may be linked to whether the neglect was physical or emotional. The results, published in the Dec... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Ovarian Cancer Outcome Can Be Predicted By Tiny Genetic Variation

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 08:00:00 +0100

Yale Cancer Center researchers have shown that a tiny genetic variation predicts chances of survival and response to treatment for patients with ovarian cancer. The findings, published in the journal Oncogene, provide new insights into the biology of a new class of cancer marker and suggest a genetic test may help guide the treatment of women with ovarian cancer... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

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Childhood Mistreatment Causes Reduced Brain Volume

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 19:00:00 +0100

An article released this week in the December issue of Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, one of the JAMA/Archives journals, outlines evidence for poor upbringing in children leading to reduced brain volume. Specifically, researchers have found that cerebral gray matter changes due to bad treatment, and "early life stress" seems to inhibit the development of the brain. Erin E. Edmiston, B.A., then of Yale University, New Haven, Conn., now with Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tenn... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Tiny genetic variation can predict ovarian cancer outcome

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(Yale University) Yale Cancer Center researchers have shown that a tiny genetic variation predicts chances of survival and response to treatment for patients with ovarian cancer. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Orphaned children exhibit genetic changes that require nurturing parents

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(Yale University) Children who experience the stress of separation at birth from biological parents and are brought up in orphanages undergo biological consequences such as changes in their genome functioning, Yale School of Medicine researchers report in a new study. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

Orphan experiences lead to changes in children's genome functioning

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

"Torture at Yale": Experimental subjects, laboratory torment and the "rehabilitation" of Milgram's "Obedience to Authority"

Theory — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Stanley Milgram’s experiments on "Obedience to Authority" are among the most criticized in all of psychology. However, over the past 20 years, there has been a gradual rehabilitation of Milgram’s work and reputation, a reconsideration that is in turn closely linked to a contemporary "revival" of his Obedience experiments. This paper provides a critical counterpoint to this "Milgram revival" by drawing on archival material from participants in the Obedience study and Milgram himself. This material indicates that Milgram misrepresented (a) the extent of his debriefing procedures, (b) the risk posed by the experiment, and (c) the harm done to his participants. The archival record also indicates that Milgram had doubts about the scientific value of the experiment, thereby compromis...

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Gilead cancer strategy relies heavily on Yale

bizjournals.com Health Care:Physician Practices headlines — Fri, 02 Dec 2011 22:55:13 +0100

Gilead Sciences Inc. is best known for combining HIV-fighting drugs for AIDS patients, but it may draw on that experience as it pursues a two-pronged strategy in cancer. After a decade away from the oncology space, Gilead’s buyouts of CGI Pharmaceuticals, Arresto Biosciences and Calistoga Pharmaceuticals over the past 18 months allow the Foster City-based biotech giant (NASDAQ: GILD) to hurdle some of the early cancer drug development challenges. Given less attention, at least after the deal's initial announcement in March, is the company’s collaboration with heavy-hitting cancer researchers at Yale University... (Source: bizjournals.com Health Care:Physician Practices headlines)

Inebriation, Drinking Motivations and Sexual Risk Taking Among Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic Patients in St. Petersburg, Russia

AIDS and Behavior — Fri, 02 Dec 2011 18:10:08 +0100

Abstract We investigated whether inebriation was associated with having non-main partners and unprotected sex with non-main partners and whether drinking motivations were associated with sexual risk behaviors among patients attending an STD clinic in St Petersburg, Russia. A cross-sectional behavior survey was applied to 362 participants between 2008 and 2009. Multivariate logistic regression was used for analysis. At-risk drinking per Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT-C) criteria (OR 2.5, 95% CI 1.4–4.4) was independently associated with having non-main sexual partners. Inebriation (OR 3.2, 95% CI 1.3–8.1) but not at-risk drinking or drinking prior to sex was associated with unprotected sex with non-main partners. Among drinkers, the consumption of alcoh...

Marion Solomon and Stan Tatkin: Love and War in Intimate Relationships: Connection, Disconnection, and Mutual Regulation in Couple Therapy

Clinical Social Work Journal — Fri, 02 Dec 2011 18:09:16 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Book ReviewPages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s10615-011-0376-8Authors Laura K. Noll, Yale Child Study Center, New Haven, CT, USA Journal Clinical Social Work JournalOnline ISSN 1573-3343Print ISSN 0091-1674 (Source: Clinical Social Work Journal)

Involvement of immunologic and biochemical mechanisms in the pathogenesis of Tourette’s syndrome

Journal of Neural Transmission — Fri, 02 Dec 2011 17:14:05 +0100

This study sought to investigate the possible correlation of several immunological and biochemical markers with Tourette’s syndrome. Children with Tourette’s syndrome attending a tertiary pediatric medical center from May 2008 to April 2010, and healthy age-matched control subjects underwent a comprehensive biochemical and immunological work-up. Demographic data were abstracted from the medical records. Findings were compared between the groups and analyzed statistically. Sixty-eight children with Tourette’s syndrome (58 males, 85.3%) and 36 healthy children (25 males, 69.4%) were recruited. Compared with the control group, the Tourette’s syndrome group had significantly higher levels of ferritin (p = 0.01) and hemoglobin (p = 0.02), a lower level of zinc (...

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Method Developed To Monitor Engineered Blood Vessels As They Grow In Patients

Health News from Medical News Today — Fri, 02 Dec 2011 08:00:00 +0100

Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and nanoparticle technology, researchers from Yale have devised a way to monitor the growth of laboratory-engineered blood vessels after they have been implanted in patients. This advance represents an important step toward ensuring that blood vessels, and possibly other tissues engineered from a patient's own biological material, are taking hold and working as expected. Until now, there has been no way to monitor the growth and progress of engineered tissues once they were implanted... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

A Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial of Fluoxetine for Repetitive Behaviors and Global Severity in Adult Autism Spectrum Disorders.

The American Journal of Psychiatry — Fri, 02 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Fluoxetine treatment, compared to placebo, resulted in significantly greater improvement in repetitive behaviors, according to both the Yale-Brown compulsion subscale and CGI rating of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, as well as on the CGI overall improvement rating. Fluoxetine appeared to be well tolerated. These findings stand in contrast to findings in a trial of citalopram for childhood autism. PMID: 22193531 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The American Journal of Psychiatry)

Examining the effects of former cannabis use on cerebellum-dependent eyeblink conditioning in humans

Psychopharmacology — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 19:30:06 +0100

Conclusions These data suggest that a recovery of function has occurred for the learning of the CS–US association, while the accurate timing of the CR shows lasting impairments. Taken together, these results suggest that heavy cannabis use can disrupt timing-related synaptic plasticity within the cerebellum, even after the cessation of cannabis use. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original InvestigationPages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s00213-011-2556-1Authors Adam B. Steinmetz, Department of Psychology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, USAChad R. Edwards, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Indiana University, 1101 E. 10th St., Bloomington, IN 47405, USAJennifer M. Vollmer, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, 300 George St., ...

Well Blog: Doctor and Patient: The Doctor as Poet

NYT Health — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 12:00:05 +0100

When Yale Medical School and and University College London Medical School co-sponsored a poetry contest for their medical students, more than 160 submitted poems. They ended up with over 160. (Source: NYT Health)

Doctor and Patient: Doctor and Patient: The Doctor as Poet

NYT Health — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 12:00:05 +0100

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Critical Window For Heart Attack Transfer Patients Not Met By Most Hospitals

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 30 Nov 2011 08:00:00 +0100

Most heart attack patients transferred between hospitals for the emergency artery-opening procedure called angioplasty are not transported as quickly as they should be, Yale School of medicine researchers report in the first national study of "door-in door-out" time for transfer patients. Fewer than 10 percent of heart attack patients transferred from their initial hospital to one offering the life-saving procedure are transferred within the recommended 30 minutes, according to the researchers, who published their findings in Archives of Internal Medicine... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Yale researchers develop a way to monitor engineered blood vessels as they grow in patients

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Wed, 30 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology) New research in the FASEB Journal describes how by using magnetic resonance imaging and nanoparticle technology, scientists can monitor the growth of laboratory-engineered blood vessels after implantation in patients. This is an important step toward ensuring that blood vessels, and tissues engineered from a patient's own biological material, are taking hold and working as expected. This is the first method for monitoring the growth and progress of engineered tissues once they are implanted. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

RSNA: Will clinicians embrace the next generation of appropriate use?

Health Imaging News — Mon, 28 Nov 2011 05:55:55 +0100

CHICAGO—While appropriate use criteria are key to curbing radiation exposure and ensuring beneficial CT exams, clinicians have not yet embraced them. Despite the lukewarm acceptance of appropriateness criteria, James A. Brink, MD, chair of radiology at Yale University Medical Center in New Haven, Conn., upped the ante and called for development of multidisciplinary diagnostic algorithms to standardize image utilization during a session on Nov. 27 at the 97th Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting of the Radiological Society of North America (RSNA). (Source: Health Imaging News)

Most hospitals miss critical window for heart attack transfer patients

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Mon, 28 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(Yale University) Most heart attack patients transferred between hospitals for the emergency artery-opening procedure called angioplasty are not transported as quickly as they should be, Yale School of medicine researchers report in the first national study of "door-in door-out" time for transfer patients. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

Validation of an immunohistochemical signature predictive of 8‐year outcome for patients with breast carcinoma

International Journal of Cancer — Mon, 28 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractWe recently reported that standardized quantitative immunohistochemical (IHC) assays allowed prediction of an adverse outcome among 572 node negative (N‐) patients with breast carcinoma (BrCa). To further validate our prior findings, we repeated the IHC stains including a second series of BrCa diagnosed at Yale University.Tissue micro‐arrays TMA of two cohorts of patients with BrCa (418 Marseille University and 303 Yale University) were respectively investigated for IHC expression of 15 markers, (HIF‐1α, PI3K, pAKT, pmTOR, moesin, P21, 4EBP‐1, P27, Ker5‐6, pMAPKAPK‐2, SHARP2, Claudin‐1, ALDH, AF6, CD24). Quantitative measurements of immunoprecipitates densitometry assessed with an image analyzer were correlated with 8 year patients outcome and compared in the two coh...

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Books of the year 2011

Guardian Unlimited Science — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 18:27:56 +0100

A novel about a dinner-party guest who won't leave, a history of Henry VII, an inquiry into madness … Which books have most impressed our writers this year?• Join the debate and let us know which were your books of 2011 Chimamanda AdichieI admired the lovely sentences and moving story in Sebastian Barry's On Canaan's Side (Faber), about an Irish-American woman looking back at her life. Binyavanga Wainaina's One Day I Will Write About This Place (Granta) is a strange, allusive, tender memoir about growing up in middle-class Kenya. Tracy K Smith's poems in Life on Mars (Turnaround) are startling and exquisite.Tariq AliShifting alliances at home and abroad, ruthless accumulation of capital and endless court intrigues form the backdrop to Thomas Penn's Winter King: The Dawn of Tudor E...

Polymorphisms in immune function genes and non-Hodgkin lymphoma survival

Journal of Cancer Survivorship — Wed, 23 Nov 2011 17:44:41 +0100

Conclusion Our study provides evidence that the identification of genetic polymorphisms in cytokine genes may help improve the prediction of NHL survival and prognosis. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-13DOI 10.1007/s11764-010-0164-4Authors Briseis Aschebrook-Kilfoy, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USATongzhang Zheng, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USAFrancine Foss, Department of Medical Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USAShuangge Ma, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USAXuesong Han, School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USAQing Lan, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Departme...

Comments on Selected Recent Dysphagia Literature

Dysphagia — Wed, 23 Nov 2011 17:44:35 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory CommentsPages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00455-011-9377-6Authors Clarence T. Sasaki, Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 208041, New Haven, CT 06520-8041, USASteven B. Leder, Section of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 208041, New Haven, CT 06520-8041, USA Journal DysphagiaOnline ISSN 1432-0460Print ISSN 0179-051X (Source: Dysphagia)

How Meditation Benefits The Brain

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 23 Nov 2011 08:00:00 +0100

Experienced meditators seem to be able switch off areas of the brain associated with daydreaming as well as psychiatric disorders such as autism and schizophrenia, according to a new brain imaging study by Yale researchers. Meditation's ability to help people stay focused on the moment has been associated with increased happiness levels, said Judson A. Brewer, assistant professor of psychiatry and lead author of the study published the week of Nov. 21 in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

How Brains Benefit from Meditation

Medical Headlines From Ivanhoe.com — Wed, 23 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(Ivanhoe Newswire) – Advanced meditators appear to be able to switch off areas of the brain associated with daydreaming, autism and schizophrenia, according to this study conducted by Yale researchers. (Source: Medical Headlines From Ivanhoe.com)

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TIP: A probabilistic method for identifying transcription factor target genes from ChIP-seq binding profiles

Bioinformatics — Wed, 23 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: We show the advantages of TIP by comparing it to the ‘simple’ approach on several representative datasets, using motif occurrence and relationship to knock-out experiments as metrics of validation. Moreover, we show that the probabilistic model is not as sensitive to various experimental parameters (including sequencing depth and peak-calling method) as the simple approach; in fact, the lesser dependence on sequencing depth potentially utilizes the result of a ChIP-seq experiment in a more ‘cost-effective’ manner. Contact: mark.gerstein@yale.edu Supplementary Information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online. (Source: Bioinformatics)

How Meditation Benefits The Brain

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 22 Nov 2011 18:00:00 +0100

A new brain imaging study led by researchers at Yale University shows how people who regularly practise meditation are able to switch off areas of the brain linked to daydreaming, anxiety, schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. The brains of experienced meditators appear to show less activity in an area known as the "default mode network", which is linked to largely self-centred thinking. The researchers suggest through monitoring and suppressing or "tuning out" the "me" thoughts, meditators develop a new default mode, which is more present-centred... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

The HPV vaccine impact monitoring project (HPV-IMPACT): assessing early evidence of vaccination impact on HPV-associated cervical cancer precursor lesions

Cancer Causes and Control — Tue, 22 Nov 2011 17:57:58 +0100

Abstract The following paper describes a collaboration between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and five Emerging Infections Program sites to develop a comprehensive population-based approach to monitoring human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine impact on cervical cancer precursors and associated HPV genotypes. The process of establishing this novel monitoring system is described, and development details such as enumeration of sources for reporting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 2/3 and adenocarcinoma in situ, approaches to case ascertainment, electronic reporting, and HPV typing are outlined. Implementation of a feasible and sustainable surveillance system for HPV-associated cervical precancers will enable evaluation of the direct impact of HPV vaccination. ...

Selective deletion of the membrane-bound colony stimulating factor 1 isoform leads to high bone mass but does not protect against estrogen-deficiency bone loss

Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism — Tue, 22 Nov 2011 06:57:50 +0100

Abstract To better define the biologic function of membrane-bound CSF1 (mCSF1) in vivo, we have generated mCSF1 knockout (k/o) mice. Spinal bone density (BMD) was 15.9% higher in k/o mice compared to wild-type (wt) controls (P < 0.01) and total BMD was increased by 6.8% (P < 0.05). A higher mean femur BMD was also observed but did not reach statistical significance (6.9% P = NS). The osteoclastogenic potential of bone marrow isolated from mCSF1 k/o mice was reduced compared to wt marrow. There were no defects in osteoblast number or function suggesting that the basis for the high bone mass phenotype was reduced resorption. In addition to a skeletal phenotype, k/o mice had significantly elevated serum triglyceride levels (123 ± 7 ...

Meditation really is good for the brain as study reveals it switches off areas linked to ADHD and Alzheimer¿s

the Mail online | Health — Mon, 21 Nov 2011 20:00:21 +0100

Meditation could help temper the symptoms of ADHD and Alzheimer's say scientists at Yale University. (Source: the Mail online | Health)

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Medication Persistence of HIV-infected Drug Users on Directly Administered Antiretroviral Therapy

AIDS and Behavior — Mon, 21 Nov 2011 18:09:26 +0100

Abstract Patient and regimen persistence in HIV-infected drug users are largely unknown. We evaluated patterns of medication non-persistence among HIV-infected drug users enrolled in a prospective, 6-month randomized controlled trial of directly administered antiretroviral therapy (DAART). Medication-taking behavior was assessed via direct observation and MEMS data. Of 74 participants who initiated DAART, 59 (80%) subjects were non-persistent with medication for 3 or more consecutive days. Thirty-one participants (42%) had 2 or more episodes of non-persistence. Higher depressive symptoms were strongly associated with non-persistence episodes of ≥ 3 days (AOR: 17.4, P = 0.02) and ≥ 7 days AOR: 5.4, P = 0.04). High addicti...

Tuning out: How brains benefit from meditation

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(Yale University) Experienced meditators seem to be able switch off areas of the brain associated with daydreaming as well as psychiatric disorders such as autism and schizophrenia, according to a new brain imaging study by Yale researchers. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

Humor appreciation of captionless cartoons in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Annals of General Psychiatry — Mon, 21 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Humor appreciation, based on captionless cartoons in OCD, does not seem to be deficient compared to healthy subjects but may be related to illness characteristics. (Source: Annals of General Psychiatry)

Strong protective effect of the aldehyde dehydrogenase gene (ALDH2) 504lys (*2) allele against alcoholism and alcohol-induced medical diseases in Asians

Human Genetics — Sat, 19 Nov 2011 16:53:46 +0100

Abstract Alcohol is oxidized to acetaldehyde, which in turn is oxidized to acetate. The aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 gene (ALDH2) is the most important gene responsible for acetaldehyde metabolism. Individuals heterozygous or homozygous for the lys (A or *2) allele at the single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) glu504lys (rs671) of ALDH2 have greatly reduced ability to metabolize acetaldehyde, which greatly decreases their risk for alcohol dependence (AD). Case–control studies have shown association between this SNP and alcohol dependence as well as alcohol-induced liver disease. However, some studies have produced insignificant results. Using cumulative data from the past 20 years predominately from Asian populations (from both English and Chinese publications), this meta-a...

Impact of Comorbidity on Mortality Among Older Persons with Advanced Heart Failure

Journal of General Internal Medicine — Fri, 18 Nov 2011 07:01:09 +0100

CONCLUSIONS Comorbidity confers a significantly increased mortality risk even among older adults with an overall high mortality risk due to HF. Clinicians who routinely care for this population should consider the impact of comorbidity on outcomes in their overall management of HF. Such information may also be useful when considering the risks and benefits of aggressive, high-intensity life-prolonging interventions. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ResearchPages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s11606-011-1930-3Authors Sangeeta C. Ahluwalia, Center for the Study of Healthcare Provider Behavior, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, 11301 Wilshire Blvd. 111-G, Los Angeles, CA 90064, USACary P. Gross, Department of Medicine, Section of General Internal Medicine, Yale ...

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Africa: Brain Tumor Group Narrows Search for Genetic Susceptibility

AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine — Thu, 17 Nov 2011 16:37:47 +0100

An international consortium of researchers, including members from the Yale School of Public Health, has narrowed the search for the gene or genes associated with inherited susceptibility to a malignant brain cancer to a region on chromosome 17. (Source: AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine)

Epigenetic impact of long-term shiftwork: pilot evidence from circadian genes and whole-genome methylation analysis.

Chronobiology International — Thu, 17 Nov 2011 16:20:52 +0100

Authors: Zhu Y, Stevens RG, Hoffman AE, Tjonneland A, Vogel UB, Zheng T, Hansen J Abstract Epigenetic association studies have demonstrated differential promoter methylation in the core circadian genes in breast cancer cases relative to cancer-free controls. The current pilot study aims to investigate whether epigenetic changes affecting breast cancer risk could be caused by circadian disruption through exposure to light at night. Archived DNA samples extracted from whole blood of 117 female subjects from a prospective cohort conducted in Denmark were included in this study. A polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based method was used for detection of gene-promoter methylation, whereas genome-wide methylation analysis was performed using the Illumina Infinium Methylation Chip. Long-term...

Yale Bans Sex Week—for the Wrong Reasons

Psychology Today Sex Center — Thu, 17 Nov 2011 08:14:41 +0100

Yale University President Richard Levin has announced that the school is discontinuing "Sex Week" in its present form.Since 2002, Yale University's Sex Week has brought speakers to campus to discuss a variety of sex-related topics. But as it grew, it involved corporate sponsors such as Pure Romance (in-home sex toy sales parties) and porn stars such as Sasha Gray. Primary Topic: Sex read more (Source: Psychology Today Sex Center)

Emergency Surgery in Patients Who Have Undergone Recent Radiotherapy is Associated With Increased Complications and Mortality: Review of 536 Patients

World Journal of Surgery — Tue, 15 Nov 2011 07:18:15 +0100

Conclusions Patients who require emergent surgery ≤90 days after irradiation sustain increased morbidity and mortality. Optimizing the nutritional and functional status of these patients may improve surgical outcomes. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00268-011-1230-4Authors Michael C. Sullivan, Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, 330 Cedar Street, Tompkins 208, PO Box 208062, New Haven, CT 06520, USASanziana A. Roman, Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, 330 Cedar Street, Tompkins 208, PO Box 208062, New Haven, CT 06520, USAJulie A. Sosa, Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale School of Medicine, 330 Cedar Street, Tompkins 208, PO Box 20806...

Intermediate results of a prospective randomized controlled trial of traditional four-port laparoscopic cholecystectomy versus single-incision laparoscopic cholecystectomy

Surgical Endoscopy — Tue, 15 Nov 2011 06:46:56 +0100

Conclusions In this multicenter randomized controlled trial of SILC versus 4PLC, SILC appears to be safe with a similar biliary complication profile. Pain scores and wound complication rates are higher for SILC; however, cosmesis scores favored SILC. For patients preferring a better cosmetic outcome and willing to accept possible increased postoperative pain, SILC offers a safe alternative to the standard 4PLC. Further follow-up is needed to detail the long-term risk of wound morbidities, including hernia recurrence. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00464-011-2028-zAuthors Melissa S. Phillips, Department of Surgery, University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Ave., Lakeside 7, Mailstop 5047, Cleveland, OH...

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New Study Shows Body Focus Affects How Both Men And Women See Others

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 14 Nov 2011 08:00:00 +0100

For both men and women, wearing revealing attire causes them to be seen as more sensitive but less competent, says a new study by University of Maryland psychologist Kurt Gray and colleagues from Yale and Northeastern University. In an article just published in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, the researchers write that it would be absurd to think people's mental capacities fundamentally change when they remove clothing. "In six studies, however, we show that taking off a sweater - or otherwise revealing flesh - can significantly change the way a mind is perceived... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Measuring Pain Impact Versus Pain Severity Using a Numeric Rating Scale

Journal of General Internal Medicine — Sat, 12 Nov 2011 06:47:34 +0100

Conclusions Tools that measure the impact of pain may be a more valuable screening instrument than the NRS. Further research is now needed to determine if measuring the impact of pain in clinical practice is more effective at triggering appropriate management than more restricted measures of pain such as the NRS. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ResearchPages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s11606-011-1926-zAuthors Liana Fraenkel, VA CT Healthcare System, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USAPaul Falzer, VA CT Healthcare System, New Haven, CT, USATerri Fried, VA CT Healthcare System, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USAMinna Kohler, VA CT Healthcare System, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USAEllen Peters, Ohio State ...

Women see naked men differently too

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Thu, 10 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(University of Maryland) For both men and women, wearing revealing attire causes them to be seen as more sensitive but less competent, says a new study by University of Maryland psychologist Kurt Gray and colleagues from Yale and Northeastern University. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

Defining Treatment Response in Pediatric Tic Disorders: A Signal Detection Analysis of the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology — Wed, 09 Nov 2011 14:43:40 +0100

Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology , Vol. 0, No. 0. (Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology)

High resolution magnetic resonance imaging of the patellar retinaculum: normal anatomy, common injury patterns, and pathologies

Skeletal Radiology — Wed, 09 Nov 2011 07:04:54 +0100

This article will help the reader become familiar with normal imaging findings and the most commonly occurring injuries/pathologies in MPR and LPR. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Review ArticlePages 1-12DOI 10.1007/s00256-011-1291-3Authors Shrey K. Thawait, Yale University - Bridgeport Hospital, 267 Grant Street, Bridgeport, CT 06610, USATheodoros Soldatos, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USAGaurav K. Thawait, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USAAndrew J. Cosgarea, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USAJohn A. Carrino, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21287, USAAvneesh Chhabra, Johns Hopkins Hospital, 600 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 212...

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Predictors of Medication Adherence in an Urban Latino Community with Healthcare Disparities

Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health — Tue, 08 Nov 2011 16:50:05 +0100

Abstract Ethnic disparities exist when comparing glycemic control: Latino patients have suboptimal glycemic control as compared to non-Latino whites. A key factor to achieving optimal diabetes management and control is medication adherence. We conducted a nested, cross-sectional retrospective study of data (n = 61) collected from a larger parallel, randomized, longitudinal study conducted at an urban primary care practice examining a culturally tailored community-based peer counselor intervention. Baseline demographic and medication utilization covariates were evaluated for eligibility into the multivariate logistic regression to predict medication adherence. Significant correlates of medication adherence were physician or healthcare team support (OR 12.79, 95% CI...

Aggressive Variants of Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Incidence, Characteristics and Predictors of Survival among 43,738 Patients

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Tue, 08 Nov 2011 06:47:21 +0100

Conclusions DSV and TCV are rare, increasing in incidence, and have a worse prognosis than classic PTC. Patients with these variants should be treated aggressively with thyroidectomy and radioiodine, regardless of tumor size. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Endocrine TumorsPages 1-7DOI 10.1245/s10434-011-2129-xAuthors Hadiza S. Kazaure, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USASanziana A. Roman, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USAJulie A. Sosa, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Journal Annals of Surgical OncologyOnline ISSN 1534-4681Print ISSN 1068-9265 (Source: Annals of Surgical Oncology)

The Development and Psychometric Properties of the HIV and Abuse Related Shame Inventory (HARSI)

AIDS and Behavior — Mon, 07 Nov 2011 17:14:10 +0100

Abstract Shame has been shown to predict sexual HIV transmission risk behavior, medication non-adherence, symptomatic HIV or AIDS, and symptoms of depression and PTSD. However, there remains a dearth of tools to measure the specific constructs of HIV-related and sexual abuse-related shame. To ameliorate this gap, we present a 31-item measure that assesses HIV and sexual abuse-related shame, and the impact of shame on HIV-related health behaviors. A diverse sample of 271 HIV-positive men and women who were sexually abused as children completed the HIV and Abuse Related Shame Inventory (HARSI) among other measures. An exploratory factor analysis supported the retention of three-factors, explaining 56.7% of the sample variance. These internally consistent factors showed good ...

Adherence to HIV Treatment and Care Among Previously Homeless Jail Detainees

AIDS and Behavior — Mon, 07 Nov 2011 17:14:10 +0100

Abstract HIV-infected persons entering the criminal justice system (CJS) often experience suboptimal healthcare system engagement and social instability, including homelessness. We evaluated surveys from a multisite study of 743 HIV-infected jail detainees prescribed or eligible for antiretroviral therapy (ART) to understand correlates of healthcare engagement prior to incarceration, focusing on differences by housing status. Dependent variables of healthcare engagement were: (1) having an HIV provider, (2) taking ART, and (3) being adherent (≥95% of prescribed doses) to ART during the week before incarceration. Homeless subjects, compared to their housed counterparts, were significantly less likely to be engaged in healthcare using any measure. Despite Ryan White fundin...

A global view of the OCA2-HERC2 region and pigmentation

Human Genetics — Mon, 07 Nov 2011 17:11:29 +0100

We report that the blue-eye associated alleles at all three haplotypes were found at high frequencies in Europe; however, one is restricted to Europe and surrounding regions, while the other two are found at moderate to high frequencies throughout the world. We also observed that the derived allele of rs1800414 is essentially limited to East Asia where it is found at high frequencies. Long-range haplotype tests provide evidence of selection for the blue-eye allele at the three haplotyped systems but not for the green/hazel eye SNP allele. We also saw evidence of selection at the derived allele of rs1800414 in East Asia. Our data suggest that the haplotype restricted to Europe is the strongest marker for blue eyes globally and add further inferential evidence that the derived allele o...

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Impact of central hypovolemia on photoplethysmographic waveform parameters in healthy volunteers part 2: frequency domain analysis

Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing — Sat, 05 Nov 2011 17:11:12 +0100

Conclusion The pulse oximeter waveform contains a complex mixture of the effect of cardiac, venous, autonomic, and respiratory systems on the central and peripheral circulation. The occurrence of autonomic modulation needs to be taken into account when studying signals that have their origins from central sites (e.g. ear and forehead). Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-10DOI 10.1007/s10877-011-9317-xAuthors Aymen A. Alian, Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208051, New Haven, CT 06520-8051, USANicholas J. Galante, Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208051, New Haven, CT 06520-8051, USANina S. Stachenfeld, Laboratory (N.S.S.), Yale School of Public He...

Spontaneous Adrenal Hemorrhage with Associated Masses: Etiology and Management in 6 Cases and a Review of 133 Reported Cases

World Journal of Surgery — Sat, 05 Nov 2011 15:44:54 +0100

Conclusions Spontaneous adrenal hemorrhage is rare. When it does occur, a high level of suspicion for malignant disease or pheochromocytoma should be maintained. The possibility of a hematoma masquerading as a neoplasm should also be considered. In cases of ongoing hemorrhage, embolization may be a lifesaving temporizing measure. Acute surgical intervention should be considered in selected patients, and surgery may not be required in all patients. A cautious approach with a comprehensive biochemical and imaging work-up is advised prior to operation. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00268-011-1338-6Authors Jennifer L. Marti, Division of Endocrine Surgery, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, TMP 202, New Have...

Similarities and differences between pathological gambling and substance use disorders: a focus on impulsivity and compulsivity

Psychopharmacology — Sat, 05 Nov 2011 15:44:40 +0100

Conclusions Both similarities and differences exist between PG and SUDs. Understanding these similarities more precisely may facilitate treatment development across addictions, whereas understanding differences may provide insight into treatment development for specific disorders. Individual differences in features of impulsivity and compulsivity may represent important endophenotypic targets for prevention and treatment strategies. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory ReviewPages 1-22DOI 10.1007/s00213-011-2550-7Authors Robert F. Leeman, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, CMHC, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06405, USAMarc N. Potenza, Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, CMHC, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06405, ...

Imaging human reward processing with positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging

Psychopharmacology — Fri, 04 Nov 2011 05:44:12 +0100

This study examined the relationship between fMRI activation and magnitude of dopamine release measured with Positron emission tomography study (PET) in the same subjects using MIDT in both modalities to test if fMRI activation is related to dopamine release. Eighteen healthy subjects were scanned with [11 C]raclopride PET at baseline and after MIDT. Binding potential (BPND) was derived by equilibrium analysis in striatal subregions and percent change across conditions (∆BPND) was measured. Blood oxygen level dependence (BOLD) signal changes with MIDT were measured during fMRI using voxelwise analysis and ROI analysis and correlated with ∆BPND. ∆BPND was not significant in the ventral striatum (VST) but reached significance in the posterior caudate. The fMRI BOLD act...

Lymphangioma of the Gallbladder in Adults: Review of the Literature and a Case Report

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery — Fri, 04 Nov 2011 05:44:02 +0100

Conclusion Histological findings confirmed the diagnosis of lymphangioma. Also, we provide a review of 10 cases presented in the literature, with a discussion of the clinical features, diagnosis, and surgical approach. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportPages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s11605-011-1770-9Authors Marko T. Boskovski, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06520-8042, USAAhmad Saad, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06520-8042, USAGary M. Israel, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New Haven, CT 06520-8042, USARonald R. Salem, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar St., New...

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Impact of central hypovolemia on photoplethysmographic waveform parameters in healthy volunteers. Part 1: time domain Analysis

Journal of Clinical Monitoring and Computing — Thu, 03 Nov 2011 16:56:18 +0100

Conclusion PPG waveform parameters may prove to be sensitive and specific as early indicators of blood loss. These PPG changes were observed before profound decreases in arterial blood pressure. The relative sparing of central cutaneous blood flow is consistent with the increased parasympathetic innervation of central structures. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s10877-011-9316-yAuthors Aymen A. Alian, Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208051, New Haven, CT 06520-8051, USANicholas J. Galante, Department of Anesthesiology, Yale University School of Medicine, 333 Cedar Street, P.O. Box 208051, New Haven, CT 06520-8051, USANina S. Stachenfeld, John B. Pierce Laboratory (N.S.S.) Yale School of Pu...

Yale receives opportunity to strengthen health care systems in developing countries

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Thu, 03 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

(Yale University) The Yale Global Health Leadership Institute announces a new partnership with Management Science for Health, as part of the United States Agency for International Development-funded Leadership, Management and Governance Project. This five-year project will support health systems strengthening in developing countries around the world. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Obesity can’t be blamed on just soda and food addictions

Health Facts and Fears — Wed, 02 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Reports on obesity and its purported link to sugar-sweetened beverages from the Yale Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity read like a broken record these days. (Source: Health Facts and Fears)

New Approach To Study Depression May Lead To New Marker For Risk

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 07:00:00 +0100

Scientists at the Texas Biomedical Research Institute and Yale University have identified a new target area in the human genome that appears to harbor genes with a major role in the onset of depression. Using the power of Texas Biomed's AT&T Genomics Computing Center (GCC), the researchers found the region by devising a new method for analyzing thousands of potential risk factors for this complex disease, a process that led them to a new biomarker that may be helpful in identifying people at risk for major depression... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Editorial Comments on “Towards Total Implantability Using FREE-D System: Achieving Un-Tethered VAD Operation Over Large Distances”

Cardiology Clinics — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Dr Pramod Bonde and colleagues clearly state the shortcomings of an external driveline from the ventricular assist device (VAD) to the exterior. The investigators elegantly state the case for untethering. Many of us feel that infection is inevitable as long as the integument is pierced; so, we strongly support the crusade to achieve “wireless” transmission of energy. It is important to realize that we are not talking about transmission of information, but, rather, the transmission of substantive amounts of energy. It is valuable to keep in mind that our group at Yale has used radiofrequency radio transmission of energy across the intact skin for more than 4 decades, since the inception of the technique by Glenn and Hogan. We use this for powering our diaphragm pacemakers (). We are not...

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Who Do Global Health Missions Benefit More: Trainees or the Communities They Target?

The Journal for Nurse Practitioners — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Jonathan A. Ripp, MD, MPH, is an assistant professor of medicine at the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City, where he sees patients with the Mount Sinai Visiting Doctors program. He is also the associate director of the School of Medicine's Global Health Center, co-chair of the American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene's sub-section on Global Health, and an external reviewer on the selection committee for the Yale/Stanford Johnson & Johnson International Health Scholarship Program. (Source: The Journal for Nurse Practitioners)

"Dean Winternitz: Yale medical school's passionate humanist".

Connecticut Medicine — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

"Dean Winternitz: Yale medical school's passionate humanist". Conn Med. 2011 Nov-Dec;75(10):654 Authors: Volpintesta EJ PMID: 22216685 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Connecticut Medicine)

A history of the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics at the 200th anniversary of Yale medical school.

Connecticut Medicine — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Kohorn EI PMID: 22216679 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Connecticut Medicine)

Sugary Drinks Industry Aggressively Targeting Children And Teenagers

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 02:00:00 +0100

The consumption of sugary sodas has grown so much over the last three decades that they are now the number 1 source of calories in the diets of American teenagers, says a new report issued by The Yale Rudd Center for Food Policy and Obesity. The authors say that their study is the most comprehensive and scientifically based assessment of sugary beverage nutrition and marketing ever carried out. They found that the sugary drinks industry specifically targets young Americans, especially Hispanics and African-Americans... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)