MedWorm: Bocavirus

Human bocavirus in the nasopharynx of otitis-prone children

International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 21:16:09 +0100

Conclusions: HBoV, but not HBoV2-4, DNA occurs often in the nasopharynx of otitis-prone children, and may persist for 3–6 months. Probiotic treatment possibly reduced the presence of HBoV. (Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Emerging and Re‐emerging Swine Viruses

Transboundary and Emerging Diseases — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

This article focuses on emerging and re‐emerging swine viruses that have a limited or uncertain clinical and economic impact on pig health. The transmission, epidemiology and pathogenic potential of these viruses are discussed. In addition, the two economically important emerging viruses, PRRSV and PCV2, are also briefly discussed to identify important knowledge gaps. (Source: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases)

Seroepidemiology of human bocavirus in Apulia, Italy

Clinical Microbiology and Infection — Sun, 25 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, our results show that hBoV infection is common in population, especially in children. (Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection)

Viral-bacterial co-infection in Australian Indigenous children with acute otitis media.

Rural Remote Health — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 21:36:02 +0100

CONCLUSION: This study confirms a positive association between nasopharyngeal bacterial load and clinical ear state, exacerbated by respiratory viruses, in Indigenous children. HAdV was independently associated with acute ear states. PMID: 21649905 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Rural Remote Health)

Human bocavirus infection diagnosed serologically among children admitted to hospital with community‐acquired pneumonia in a tropical region

Journal of Medical Virology — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 19:14:03 +0100

AbstractHuman bocavirus (HBoV) is a human virus associated with respiratory disease in children. Limited information is available on acute infection with HBoV among children admitted to hospital with community‐acquired pneumonia in tropical regions and the current diagnosis is inadequate. The aims were to diagnose and describe acute HBoV infections among children hospitalized for community‐acquired pneumonia. In Salvador, Brazil, 277 children with community‐acquired pneumonia were prospectively enrolled. Paired serum samples were tested by IgG, IgM, and IgG‐avidity enzyme immunoassays (EIAs) using recombinant HBoV VP2. HBoV DNA was detected in nasopharyngeal aspirates and serum by a quantitative polymerase‐chain reaction (PCR). HBoV DNA was detected in nasopharyngeal aspirates of...

Detection of human bocavirus from children and adults with acute respiratory tract illness in Guangzhou, southern China

BMC Infectious Diseases — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Background: Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a newly discovered parvovirus associated with acute respiratory tract illness (ARTI) and gastrointestinal illness. Our study is the first to analyze the characteristics of HBoV-positive samples from ARTI patients with a wide age distribution from Guangzhou, southern China. Methods: Throat swabs (n = 2811) were collected and analyzed from children and adults with ARTI over a 13-month period. The HBoV complete genome from a 60 year-old female patient isolate was also determined. Results: HBoV DNA was detected in 65/2811 (2.3%) samples, of which 61/1797 were from children ( (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Severe human bocavirus infection, Germany.

Emerging Infectious Diseases — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Körner RW, Söderlund-Venermo M, van Koningsbruggen-Rietschel S, Kaiser R, Malecki M, Schildgen O Abstract Human bocavirus (HBoV), discovered in 2005, can cause respiratory disease or no symptoms at all. We confirmed HBoV infection in an 8-month-old girl with hypoxia, respiratory distress, wheezing, cough, and fever. This case demonstrates that lower respiratory tract infection caused by HBoV can lead to severe and life-threatening disease. PMID: 22172367 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases)

High frequency of Human Bocavirus 1 DNA in infants and adults with lower acute respiratory infection.

Journal of Medical Microbiology — Thu, 24 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ghietto LM, Camara A, Camara J, Adamo MP Abstract Human Bocavirus (HBoV) is a parvovirus with a possible etiological role in respiratory disease currently under investigation. We detected HBoV1 in children and adults hospitalized with acute disease of the lower respiratory tract. HBoV genome was detected by PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs collected from 75 patients aged 0-89 years old during 2010. HBoV was found in 17/75 (22.7%) patients, 64.7% of them infants younger than 1 year old and 29.4% adults older than 30 years (the bimodal age distribution among HBoV positive patients was a statistically significant, p<0.001). Of all HBoV+ cases, 35.3% were co-infected; all co-infections occurred in children (≤ 13 years old) and 83.3% of them were HBoV-Respiratory Syncytial Viru...

Human bocavirus—the first 5 years

Reviews in Medical Virology — Fri, 28 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

SUMMARYFour species of human bocavirus (HBoV) have been recently discovered and classified in the Bocavirus genus (family Parvoviridae, subfamily Parvovirinae). Although detected both in respiratory and stool samples worldwide, HBoV1 is predominantly a respiratory pathogen, whereas HBoV2, HBoV3, and HBoV4 have been found mainly in stool. A variety of signs and symptoms have been described in patients with HBoV infection including rhinitis, pharyngitis, cough, dyspnea, wheezing, pneumonia, acute otitis media, fever, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea. Many of these potential manifestations have not been systematically explored, and they have been questioned because of high HBoV co‐infection rates in symptomatic subjects and high HBoV detection rates in asymptomatic subjects. However, evidence...

Human bocavirus and other respiratory viral infections in a 2‐year cohort of hospitalized children

Journal of Medical Virology — Tue, 25 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractHuman bocavirus (HBoV) infection is reported worldwide and may cause severe respiratory tract infections. The aim of the present study was to assess the prevalence of HBoV, and other respiratory viral pathogens, in a 2‐year retrospective study of children admitted to hospital, and to investigate whether viral loads of HBoV DNA were associated with severity of infection. Between April 2007 and March 2009, 891 respiratory samples from 760 children admitted to hospital with acute respiratory tract infection were tested for the presence of respiratory viruses by real‐time PCR or direct immunofluorescence testing. HBoV DNA was detected by using internally controlled real‐time quantitative PCR assay and 25 samples selected at random were sequenced. The virus detected most frequentl...

Evidence of human bocavirus viremia in healthy blood donors

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Human bocavirus DNA was detected by means of a quantitative, real-time polymerase chain reaction at low levels in the 5.51% of sera obtained from healthy blood donors, suggesting that viral detection in blood is not necessarily associated with disease status. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Specific Viruses Detected in Nigerian Children in Association with Acute Respiratory Disease

Clinical and Developmental Immunology — Tue, 11 Oct 2011 22:55:26 +0100

Occurrence of different viruses in acute respiratory tract infections of Nigerian children was examined. Respiratory swabs were collected from 246 children referred to hospital clinics because of acute respiratory symptoms from February through May 2009. Validated real-time RT-PCR techniques revealed nucleic acids of at least one virus group in 189 specimens (77%). Human rhinoviruses and parainfluenza viruses were present each in one third of the children. Adenoviruses, enteroviruses, human metapneumovirus, human bocavirus, and influenza C virus were also relatively common. Possibly due to their seasonal occurrence, influenza A and B virus, and respiratory syncytial virus were detected rarely. We conclude that all major groups of respiratory tract viruses are causing illness in Nigeria...

Production, characterisation and applications of monoclonal antibodies to two novel porcine bocaviruses from swine in Northern Ireland

Archives of Virology — Fri, 23 Sep 2011 15:50:07 +0100

Abstract The production, preliminary characterisation and applications of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against two novel swine bocaviruses isolated in cell culture from swine in Northern Ireland are described. Of the 17 stable final clones produced, four were characterised. All were of the IgG2a isotype and showed no cross-reactivity with either bocavirus strain. Partial neutralisation was observed with PBoV4 mAbs and homologous virus. The two mAbs selected for use in antigen-detecting ELISAs were successful in highlighting those fractions containing infectious virus within sucrose gradients. This is the first report of the production of specific reagents that will prove useful in the study of the biology of these viruses and swine bocavirus-associated diseases. Conten...

Human bocavirus: still more questions than answers

Future Virology — Thu, 15 Sep 2011 16:27:07 +0100

Future Virology , September 2011, Vol. 6, No. 9, Pages 1107-1114. (Source: Future Virology)

High detection rates of nucleic acids of a wide range of respiratory viruses in the nasopharynx and the middle ear of children with a history of recurrent acute otitis media

Journal of Medical Virology — Thu, 15 Sep 2011 10:50:55 +0100

In this study molecular methods were used to determine the presence of nucleic acids of human rhinoviruses (HRV; types A, B, and C), respiratory syncytial viruses (RSV; types A and B), bocavirus (HBoV), adenovirus, enterovirus, coronaviruses (229E, HKU1, NL63, and OC43), influenza viruses (types A, B, and C), parainfluenza viruses (types 1, 2, 3, 4A, and 4B), human metapneumovirus, and polyomaviruses (KI and WU) in the nasopharynx of children between 6 and 36 months of age either with (n = 180) or without (n = 66) a history of recurrent acute otitis media and in 238 middle ear effusion samples collected from 143 children with recurrent acute otitis media. The co‐detection of these viruses with Streptococcus pneumoniae, nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae, and Moraxella catarrhalis...

High prevalence of human bocavirus 2 and its role in childhood acute gastroenteritis in China

Journal of Clinical Virology — Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: HBoV2 exhibit different epidemiological features from HBoV1 and HBoV3. The data presented herein do not support a causative role for HBoV2 in AGE, despite its high prevalence in stool samples. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

High prevalence of human bocavirus 2 and its role in childhood acute gastroenteritis in China.

Adv Data — Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: HBoV2 exhibit different epidemiological features from HBoV1 and HBoV3. The data presented herein do not support a causative role for HBoV2 in AGE, despite its high prevalence in stool samples. PMID: 21907613 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Adv Data)

Bocavirus in children with respiratory tract infections.

Emerging Infectious Diseases — Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Guo L, Gonzalez R, Xie Z, Zhou H, Liu C, Wu C, Paranhos-Baccalà G, Vernet G, Shen K, Jin Q, Wang J Abstract To the Editor: Four species of human bocavirus (HBoV1-4) have been identified since 2005 (1-4). Several reports have documented that HBoV1 are prevalent in respiratory tract samples. Although there may be many asymptomatic carriers, HBoV1 has been shown to cause respiratory tract diseases (1,5,6). HBoV2 has mainly been detected in fecal samples and has been linked to gastroenteritis (3,7,8). HBoV3 and HBoV4 have recently also been detected in fecal samples (3,4), although no link to disease has been established for these 2 species. PMID: 21888826 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases)

Does human bocavirus infection depend on helper viruses? A challenging case report

BioMed Central — Sun, 28 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

A case of severe diarrhoea associated with synergistic human bocavirus type 1 (HBoV) and human herpes virus type 6 (HHV6) is reported. The case supports the hypotheses that HBoV infection under clinical conditions may depend on helper viruses, or that HBoV replicates by a mechanism that is atypical for parvoviruses, or that HBoV infection can be specifically treated with cidofovir. (Source: BioMed Central)

Respiratory Viral Infections in Hematopoietic Stem Cell and Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine — Thu, 18 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

This article reviews the current information regarding epidemiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of these infections, as well as the aspects of clinical significance of RVIs unique to HSCT or SOT.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine)

Fatal type 7 adenovirus associated with human bocavirus infection in a healthy child

Journal of Medical Virology — Thu, 11 Aug 2011 18:52:00 +0100

AbstractAdenovirus is a common cause of acute upper respiratory tract infection and rarely causes respiratory failure or septic shock in immunocompetent patients. Severe disease is confined to immunocompromised patients. Human bocavirus (HBoV) is known as the fourth most common virus in respiratory samples from healthy subjects. In patients with respiratory complaints, it can be found alone or, more often, in combination with other viruses known to cause respiratory complaints. A well‐documented fatal case of HBoV and adenovirus pneumonia with myocarditis in an immunocompetent child is described. J. Med. Virol. 83:1762–1763, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: Journal of Medical Virology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Genetic detection and analysis of porcine bocavirus type 1 (PoBoV1) in European wild boar (Sus scrofa)

Virus Genes — Sat, 06 Aug 2011 05:46:59 +0100

Abstract Novel porcine parvoviruses showing the genetic characteristics of bocaviruses have recently been identified. The first such porcine bocavirus (PoBoV1), described as boca-like virus (PBo-likeV), was discovered in PMWS affected pigs in Sweden. Later, several other bocaviruses with divergent genomes were reported under various names in domestic pigs. This is the first report of the presence of bocaviruses in European wild boars. 842 wild boar samples originating from the Western region of Romania (Transylvania) were collected during the 2006/2007 and the 2010/2011 hunting seasons and tested for the presence of PoBoV1 by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing. The results showed 12.94% (109/842) overall positivity, with an increasing prevalence from the 2006/2007 (9...

Human bocavirus DNA in paranasal sinus mucosa.

Emerging Infectious Diseases — Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Falcone V, Ridder GJ, Panning M, Bierbaum S, Neumann-Haefelin D, Huzly D To the Editor: Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a newly described parvovirus for which pathogenic potential has not clearly been elucidated (1). Recent findings suggest that HBoV may establish persistent infection of mucosal lymphocytes or contribute to tonsillar hyperplasia in children (2). In previous reports, we described prolonged HBoV DNA detection in immunocompromised children (3,4). Partial sequencing of the VP1 gene of HBoV from bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, plasma, and sphenoid sinus samples showed 100% identity, which suggested persistence of the same HBoV strain over a 5-month period (3). It remains speculative, however, whether paranasal sinus mucosa represents a site of HBoV persistence. To clarify ...

Human Bocavirus DNA in Paranasal Sinus Mucosa, V. Falcone et al.

Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal — Mon, 25 Jul 2011 19:30:00 +0100

(Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal)

The RNA profile of porcine parvovirus 4, a boca-like virus, is unique among the parvoviruses

Archives of Virology — Fri, 22 Jul 2011 17:01:29 +0100

Abstract PPV4 transcribes its genome from a single promoter, and the RNAs are generated via alternate splicing coupled with alternate polyadenylation, a strategy similar to that of the bocaviruses; however, several differences were detected. The PPV4 ORF1 codes for four NS proteins, while the bocavirus ORF1 codes for 1-3 NS proteins. Whereas the VP1/VP2 capsid proteins of bocavirus are encoded by a single RNA, VP1 and VP2 of PPV4 are encoded by two separate RNAs. While ORF3 of PPV4 encodes two NP proteins, ORF3 of bocavirus codes for only one NP polypeptide. Taken together, PPV4 is unique among the parvoviruses. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00705-011-1072-2Authors Andrew K. Cheung, Virus and Prion Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USD...

Human bocavirus in patients with respiratory tract infection.

The Korean Journal of Laboratory Medicine — Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Kim JS, Lim CS, Kim YK, Lee KN, Lee CK Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a newly identified viral pathogen, and its clinical epidemiology and significance in respiratory infections have not yet been completely elucidated. We investigated the prevalence of HBoV infection and the association between viral (HBoV) load and clinical features of the infection in patients of all age-groups. PMID: 21779192 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Korean Journal of Laboratory Medicine)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Author's Reply. Human bocavirus and lower respiratory tract infection.

Singapore Medical Journal — Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Meqdam M PMID: 21808966 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Singapore Medical Journal)

Human bocavirus and lower respiratory tract infection.

Singapore Medical Journal — Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Wiwanitkit V PMID: 21808965 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Singapore Medical Journal)

Detection of KI polyomavirus and WU polyomavirus DNA by real‐time polymerase chain reaction in nasopharyngeal swabs and in normal lung and lung adenocarcinoma tissues

Microbiology and Immunology — Tue, 28 Jun 2011 20:20:54 +0100

ABSTRACTPolyomaviruses KI (KIPyV) and WU (WUPyV) were detected from 7 (3.0%) and 38 (16.4%) of 232 children with respiratory tract infections by real‐time PCR. The rates of infection by KIPyV and WUPyV alone were 3 of 7 (42.9%) and 20 of 38 (52.6%), respectively. In the other samples, various viruses (human respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, human rhinovirus, parainfluenza virus 1 and human bocavirus) were detected simultaneously. One case was positive for KIPyV, WUPyV and hMPV. There was no obvious difference in clinical symptoms between KIPyV‐positive and WUPyV‐positive patients with or without coinfection. KIPyV was detected in one of 30 specimens of lung tissue (3.3%). Neither of the viruses was detected in 30 samples of lung adenocarcinoma tissue. (Source: Micro...

Contribution of common and recently described respiratory viruses to annual hospitalizations in children in South Africa

Journal of Medical Virology — Thu, 16 Jun 2011 23:00:27 +0100

AbstractThe contribution of viruses to lower respiratory tract disease in sub‐Saharan Africa where human immunodeficiency virus may exacerbate respiratory infections is not well defined. No data exist on some of these viruses for Southern Africa. Comprehensive molecular screening may define the role of these viruses as single and co‐infections in a population with a high HIV‐AIDS burden. To address this, children less than 5 years of age with respiratory infections from 3 public sector hospitals, Pretoria South Africa were screened for 14 respiratory viruses, by PCR over 2 years. Healthy control children from the same region were included. Rhinovirus was identified in 33% of patients, RSV (30.1%), PIV‐3 (7.8%), hBoV (6.1%), adenovirus (5.7%), hMPV (4.8%), influenza A (3.4%), corona...

WU polyomavirus infection among children in South China

Journal of Medical Virology — Thu, 16 Jun 2011 23:00:25 +0100

This study aimed at investigating the prevalence and clinical characteristics of children with respiratory infection by WU polyomavirus (WUPyV) in Southern China. Nasopharyngeal aspirate samples were collected from 771 children with acute respiratory tract infection admitted to hospital and 82 samples from healthy subjects for routine examination at the outpatient service at the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University, Medical College from July 2008 to June 2009. WUPyV was detected by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and DNA sequencing. All WUPyV‐positive specimens were characterized further for nine viruses causing common respiratory infections, including inﬂuenza A and B, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), parainfluenza virus (PIV) 1 and 3, human metapneumovirus, human bo...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Viruses and bacteria in sputum samples of children with community‐acquired pneumonia

Clinical Microbiology and Infection — Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractFew comprehensive studies have searched for viruses and bacteria in children with community‐acquired pneumonia (CAP). We identified 76 children hospitalized for pneumonia. Induced sputum samples were analysed for 18 viruses by antigen detection and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and for 6 bacteria by culture and PCR. Viruses were found in 72%, bacteria in 91%, and both in 66%. Rhinovirus (30%), human bocavirus (18%), and human metapneumovirus (14%) were the most commonly detected viruses. Two viruses were found in 22% and three in 8%. The most common bacterial findings were Streptococcus pneumoniae (50%), Haemophilus influenzae (38%), and Moraxella catarrhalis (28%). Rhinovirus –S. pneumoniae was the most commonly found combination of viruses and bacteria (16%). All 6 children...

Viral-bacterial co-infection in Australian Indigenous children with acute otitis media

BMC Infectious Diseases — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Background: Acute otitis media with perforation (AOMwiP) affects 40% of remote Indigenous children during the first 18 months of life. Streptococcus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis are the primary bacterial pathogens of otitis media and their loads predict clinical ear state. Our hypothesis is that antecedent respiratory viral infection increases bacterial density and progression to perforation. Methods: A total of 366 nasopharyngeal swabs from 114 Indigenous children were retrospectively examined. A panel of 17 respiratory viruses was screened by PCR, and densities of S. pneumoniae, H. influenzae and M. catarrhalis were estimated by quantitative real time PCR. Data are reported by clinical ear state. Results: M. catarrhalis (96%), H. influenzae (91%), S. pneum...

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of pediatric gastroenteritis associated with new viral agents

Archives of Virology — Sat, 04 Jun 2011 05:52:11 +0100

Abstract A 22-month study (2008-2009) was carried out on 273 patients (average age 40 months), admitted with gastroenteritis to the Pediatric Unit of L. Sacco University Hospital in Milan, Italy. Fecal samples were investigated for rotavirus (HRV), norovirus (NoV), adenovirus (AdV), sapovirus (SaV), enterovirus, astrovirus and bocavirus (HBoV). A 38.3% incidence of infection was observed for HRV, followed by NoV (16.2%), HBoV (13.6%), AdV (2.6%) and SaV (0.6%). Clinical evaluation of 109 gastroenteritis patients with confirmed diagnosis was graded by the Ruska-Vesikari scoring system, showing vomiting (78%), diarrhea (96%) and fever (80%). A total of 25 NoV-positive samples were selected for nucleotide sequence analysis. The severity of AdV-associated infection was lo...

Human metapneumovirus and human bocavirus associated with respiratory infection in Apulian population.

Virology — Mon, 30 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Guido M, Quattrocchi M, Campa A, Zizza A, Grima P, Romano A, De Donno A We have studied the occurrence of hBoV, hMPV and InfA-B in an Apulian population with respiratory tract infections. During influenza season 2008-2009, 116 oropharingeal swabs were collected from patients affected by Influenza-Like Illness (ILI). The PCR products of hMPV M and HBoV NP-1 genes were sequenced. 78 out of 116 samples were positive for at least one respiratory virus; hBoV was detected in 53, hMPV in 22 and InfA-B in 41 out of 116 swabs. A high rate of hBoV infection in adult (18.9%) and elderly (26.4%) subjects was found. The co-infection rate was higher for hMPV (18/22 cases, 81.8%) compared to hBoV (26/53 cases, 49.1%), and InfA-B (25/41 cases, 61.0%). Co-infections were common in children. hB...

Human bocavirus (HBoV) in children with respiratory tract infection by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and qualitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Virology Journal — Wed, 18 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Background: Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a recently discovered parvovirus associated with mild to severe lower respiratory tract infections in children, the aim of the work was determination of human bocavirus in nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) of infants by qualitative PCR and determination of acute human bocavirus infection by estimation of immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies in serum by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay . Results: Twenty two (22%) out of the 100 NPA specimens of the patients with respiratory manifestations were positive for HBoV by qualitative PCR, while ELISA revealed positive HBoV IgM antibodies in 18 (18%) patients who were also positive by PCR. Non of the controls were positive by both techniques .The correlation study between ELISA and PCR revealed high significant associ...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Kawasaki disease and human bocavirus-potential association?

Journal of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infection — Tue, 10 May 2011 10:15:20 +0100

We present a 13-month-old male with KD from whom was found human bocavirus DNA in nasopharyngeal secretions. Human bocavirus DNA in a patient with KD raised question about the coincidental or possible etiological association. PMID: 21524620 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infection)

Influenza-like illness in pregnant women during summertime: clinical, epidemiological and microbiological features

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases — Tue, 10 May 2011 05:50:56 +0100

Abstract It is not known whether influenza-like illnesses (ILI) in pregnant women caused by influenza virus, specifically, those caused by the 2009 Influenza A H1N1 virus (nH1N1), can be clinically distinguished from those caused by other agents. From 1st July 2009 until 20th September 2009, an observational study including all pregnant women presenting at Hospital Universitario La Paz with an ILI was carried out. A specific reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for nH1N1 in nasopharyngeal swabs was prospectively carried out in all patients. Retrospectively, samples were analysed for multiple respiratory virus panel (RT-PCR microarray). Clinical, demographical and other microbiological variables were evaluated as well. A total of 45 pregnant women with I...

Detection of KI polyomavirus and WU polyomavirus DNA by real‐time PCR in nasopharyngeal swabs and in normal lung and lung adenocarcinoma tissues

Microbiology and Immunology — Wed, 04 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

ABSTRACTPolyomaviruses KI (KIPyV) and WU (WUPyV) were detected from 7 (3.0%) and 38 (16.4%) of 232 children with respiratory tract infections by real‐time PCR. The rates of single infection of KIPyV and WUPyV were 3 (42.9%) of 7 and 20 (52.6%) of 38, respectively. In other samples, various viruses (human respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus (hMPV), human rhinovirus, parainfluenza virus 1 and human bocavirus) were detected simultaneously. One case was positive for KIPyV and WUPyV and also for hMPV. There was no obvious difference between clinical symptoms in KIPyV‐positive and WUPyV‐positive patients with or without coinfection. KIPyV was detected in one (3.3%) of 30 specimens of lung tissues. Neither of the viruses was detected in 30 lung adenocarcinoma tissues. (Source...

Epidemiological and clinical features of respiratory viral infections in hospitalized children during the circulation of influenza virus A(H1N1) 2009

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses — Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions All considered viruses were involved in LRTIs. The primary clinical relevance of RSV and a similar involvement of both seasonal influenza and emerging viruses investigated were observed on the pediatric population. (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)

Human bocavirus in Jordan: prevalence and clinical symptoms in hospitalised paediatric patients and molecular virus characterisation.

Singapore Medical Journal — Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: More attention should be given to diagnosing HBoV in patients with LRTI using molecular techniques. PMID: 21633772 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Singapore Medical Journal)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Respiratory Viruses in Lung Transplant Recipients: A Critical Review and Pooled Analysis of Clinical Studies

American Journal of Transplantation — Wed, 27 Apr 2011 00:44:58 +0100

Lung transplant recipients present an increased risk for severe complications associated with respiratory infections. We conducted a review of the literature examining the clinical relationship between viral respiratory infection and graft complications. Thirty‐four studies describing the clinical impact of influenza, respiratory syncytial virus, parainfluenza, human metapneumovirus, rhinovirus, enterovirus, coronavirus, bocavirus or adenovirus were identified. The detection rate of respiratory viral infection ranged from 1.4% to 60%. Viruses were detected five times more frequently when respiratory symptoms were present [odds ratio (OR) = 4.97; 95% CI = 2.11–11.68]. Based on available observations, we could not observe an association between respiratory viral infection and acute rejec...

Repeated virus identification in the airways of patients with mild and severe asthma during prospective follow‐up

Allergy — Wed, 20 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Patients with clinically stable asthma and healthy controls have similar detection rates of respiratory viruses in samples from nasopharynx, sputum and exhaled air. This indicates that viral presence in the airways of stable (severe) asthmatics varies over time rather than being persistent. (Source: Allergy)

Recombination analysis based on the complete genome of bocavirus

Virology Journal — Tue, 19 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Bocavirus include bovine parvovirus, minute virus of canine, porcine bocavirus, gorilla bocavirus, and Human bocaviruses 1-4 (HBoVs). Although recent reports showed that recombination happened in bocavirus, no systematical study investigated the recombination of bocavirus. The present study performed the phylogenetic and recombination analysis of bocavirus over the complete genomes available in GenBank. Results confirmed that recombination existed among bocavirus, including the likely inter-genotype recombination between HBoV1 and HBoV4, and intra-genotype recombination among HBoV2 variants. Moreover, it is the first report revealing the recombination that occurred between minute viruses of canine. (Source: Virology Journal)

Attempt to classify the clinical impact of DNA viruses according to the ability to activate the innate immune system

Journal of Medical Virology — Mon, 18 Apr 2011 15:57:54 +0100

AbstractThe innate immune system represents the first barrier a microbe has to meet in order to colonize and infect the host. Even in vertebrates, the adaptive immune system is polarized on the basis of what is sensed by the innate immune system. Viruses interact with cells of the innate immune system mainly via Toll‐like receptors (TLRs): in particular, unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in the genome of DNA viruses can bind TLR9 [Krug et al., 2001] in addition to KIR3DL2 [Sivori et al., 2010]. TLR‐9 binding can have stimulatory or inhibitory effects according to the exact sequence of the CpG motif [Krieg, 2002], and the cumulative effect of stimulatory and inhibitory motifs within a genome has been called the “CpG index.”Extending previous observations by other investigators [Hoelzer...

[Seminar] Viral pneumonia

LANCET — Fri, 08 Apr 2011 17:55:21 +0100

About 200 million cases of viral community-acquired pneumonia occur every year—100 million in children and 100 million in adults. Molecular diagnostic tests have greatly increased our understanding of the role of viruses in pneumonia, and findings indicate that the incidence of viral pneumonia has been underestimated. In children, respiratory syncytial virus, rhinovirus, human metapneumovirus, human bocavirus, and parainfluenza viruses are the agents identified most frequently in both developed and developing countries. (Source: LANCET)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Newly identified respiratory viruses associated with acute lower respiratory tract infections in children in Lanzou, China, from 2006 to 2009

Clinical Microbiology and Infection — Mon, 04 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractNasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from 813 children ≤14 years old with acute low respiratory tract infections in Lanzhou, China, from December 2006 to November 2009. PCR or RT‐PCR was used to screen for the presence of 10 respiratory viruses. Viral agents were identified in 73.92% (601/813) of specimens, including RSV in 40.71%, hMPV in 6.15%, IFVA in 7.13%, IFVB in 0.98%, PIV1‐3 in 7.87%, HCoV‐HKU1 in 2.21%, HCoV‐NL63 in 3.81%, HRV in 19.93%, AdV in 7.50%, and HBoV in 11.56%. Two or more viruses were detected in 34.44% (280/813) of cases. The newly identified respiratory viruses, HBoV, hMPV, HCoV‐HKU1, and HCoV‐NL63, accounted for 22.01% of the detected viral pathogens. RSV and HRV were frequently detected in patients with bronchiolitis, and hMPV was frequently...

Successful application of a simple specimen transport method for the conduct of respiratory virus surveillance in remote Indigenous communities in Australia

Tropical Medicine and International Health — Mon, 21 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion The mailing of unfrozen nasal specimens from remote communities does not compromise the viability of the specimen for viral studies. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)

Human rhinovirus infection in young African children with acute wheezing

BMC Infectious Diseases — Tue, 15 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: HRV may be the commonest viral infection in young South African children with acute wheezing. Infection is associated with mild or moderate clinical disease. (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)

Phylogenetic and Recombination Analysis of human bocavirus 2

BMC Infectious Diseases — Thu, 24 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: A single genetic lineage of HBoV2 is circulating in children with and without gastroenteritis in Lanzhou, China. Current evidence in this study was not enough to support recombination between HBoV2 strains, and HBoV3 may be a recombinant between HBoV and the common ancestor of HBoV2 and HBoV4. (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)

Detection of human bocavirus 3 in China

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases — Tue, 01 Feb 2011 09:28:30 +0100

Abstract Since its first identification in 2005, four species of human bocavirus (HBoV1–4) have been documented. HBoV1 and HBoV2 have been shown to be associated with respiratory tract illnesses, as well as with acute gastroenteritis (AGE), worldwide. However, reports on the prevalence, clinical significance, and molecular characteristics of the two most newly identified HBoV species, HBoV3 and HBoV4, are very limited. To detect and characterize HBoV3 and HBoV4 infections in children with AGE in China, stool specimens were collected from 366 children with AGE. HBoVs in these samples were amplified by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), sequenced, and phylogenetically analyzed. HBoVs were detected in 44 samples (12%), of which nine were HBoV1, 33 were HBoV2, and two w...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Detection of human bocavirus and human metapneumovirus by real-time PCR from patients with respiratory symptoms in Southern Brazil.

Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz — Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Pilger DA, Cantarelli VV, Amantea SL, Leistner-Segal S The introduction of newer molecular methods has led to the discovery of new respiratory viruses, such as human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and human bocavirus (hBoV), in respiratory tract specimens. We have studied the occurrence of hMPV and hBoV in the Porto Alegre (PA) metropolitan area, one of the southernmost cities of Brazil, evaluating children with suspected lower respiratory tract infection from May 2007-June 2008. A real-time polymerase chain reaction method was used for amplification and detection of hMPV and hBoV and to evaluate coinfections with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza A and B, parainfluenza 1, 2 and 3, human rhinovirus and human adenovirus. Of the 455 nasopharyngeal aspirates tested, hMPV was d...

Human bocavirus is not detectable in bone marrow from patients with myelodysplastic syndromes

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses — Mon, 31 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)

Rapid Identification Viruses from Nasal Pharyngeal Aspirates in Acute Viral Respiratory Infections by RT-PCR and Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry.

Journal of Virological Methods — Thu, 20 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Chen KF, Rothman RE, Ramachandran P, Blyn L, Sampath R, Ecker D, Valsamakis A, Gaydos CA Diagnosis of the etiologic agent of respiratory viral infection relies traditionally on culture or antigen detection. This pilot was conducted evaluation comparing performance characteristics of the RT-PCR and Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry (RT-PCR/ESI-MS) platform to conventional virological methods for identifying multiple clinically relevant respiratory viruses in nasopharyngeal aspirates. The RT-PCR/ESI-MS respiratory virus surveillance kit was designed to detect respiratory syncytial virus, influenza A and B, parainfluenza types 1-4, adenoviridae types A-F, coronaviridae, human bocavirus, and human metapneumovirus. Patients (N=192) attending an emergency department during t...

Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for identifying acute viral upper respiratory tract infections

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease — Wed, 19 Jan 2011 23:47:55 +0100

Abstract: Diagnosis of respiratory viruses traditionally relies on culture or antigen detection. We aimed to demonstrate capacity of the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (RT-PCR/ESI-MS) platform to identify clinical relevant respiratory viruses in nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) samples and compare the diagnostic performance characteristics relative to conventional culture- and antigen-based methods. An RT-PCR/ESI-MS respiratory virus surveillance kit designed to detect respiratory syncytial virus, influenza A and B, parainfluenza types 1–4, Adenoviridae types A–F, Coronaviridae, human bocavirus, and human metapneumovirus was evaluated using both mock-ups and frozen archived NPA (N = 280), 95 of which were positive by clinical viro...

Pneumonia in the developed world

Paediatric Respiratory Reviews — Tue, 28 Dec 2010 23:49:31 +0100

Summary: In this paper, we review the literature on the management of pneumonia in the developed world setting. Pneumonia is usually diagnosed on the basis of a cough, respiratory distress, a fever, and chest X-ray changes. Pneumonia affects all paediatric age groups, though the highest incidence is in the under 5s. There is a significant burden of primary and secondary care illness, although mortality is low. Inpatient admission rates for pneumonia may have increased in recent years in some regions. Pneumonia is unlikely if a child presents with solely wheeze. In routine clinical practice, a microbiological diagnosis is often not made, because current tests are insensitive. Aetiology varies with geographical location, but approximately half of cases are viral. The mainstay of management o...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Human bocavirus infection in children with acute gastroenteritis in Japan and Thailand

Journal of Medical Virology — Thu, 23 Dec 2010 04:21:12 +0100

This study provides better understanding on the epidemiology of HBoV infections in children with acute gastroenteritis in Japan and Thailand. J. Med. Virol. 83:286–290, 2011. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: Journal of Medical Virology)

Co‐circulation of genetically distinct human metapneumovirus and human bocavirus strains in young children with respiratory tract infections in Italy

Journal of Medical Virology — Thu, 25 Nov 2010 16:28:16 +0100

This report describes the molecular epidemiology of hMPV and hBoV infections observed following viral surveillance of children hospitalized for acute respiratory tract infections in Milan, Italy. Pharyngeal swabs were collected from 240 children ≤3 years of age (130 males, 110 females; median age, 5.0 months; IQR, 2.0–12.5 months) and tested for respiratory viruses, including hMPV and hBoV, by molecular methods. hMPV‐RNA and hBoV‐DNA positive samples were characterized molecularly and a phylogenetical analysis was performed. PCR analysis identified 131/240 (54.6%) samples positive for at least one virus. The frequency of hMPV and hBoV infections was similar (8.3% and 12.1%, respectively). Both infections were associated with lower respiratory tract infections: hMPV was present as a...

Detection of a novel porcine parvovirus, PPV4, in Chinese swine herds

BioMed Central — Sun, 21 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

To determine whether the novel porcine parvovirus type 4 (PPV4) recently reported in America is prevalent in China, a set of specific primers was designed and used for molecular survey of PPV4 among the clinical samples collected from various provinces of China between 2006 and 2010. The results showed that PPV4 is present in Chinese swine herds at a rate of 2.09% (12/573) among the clinical samples examined and 0.76% (1/132) among the samples taken from healthy animals. We also noted that PPV4 was not detected in samples taken prior to 2009. Analysis of the coding sequences showed that the Chinese and American PPV4 genome sequences are closely related with greater than 99% nucleotide sequence identity. Similar to a previous study, viral genomes in head-to-tail configuration of various len...

Evaluation of commercial ResPlex II v2.0, MultiCode®-PLx, and xTAG® respiratory viral panels for the diagnosis of respiratory viral infections in adults

Journal of Clinical Virology — Wed, 03 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: While the ResPlex II and MultiCode-PLx offer a broader virus detection range and greater ease of use, the xTAG PRV showed increased sensitivity to common viral targets represented in the assays, and also had the ability to differentiate human from non-human influenza A H1. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

Prevalence of nucleic acid sequences specific for human parvoviruses, hepatitis A and hepatitis E viruses in coagulation factor concentrates

Vox Sanguinis — Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion The data show that nucleic acids from several relevant nonenveloped viruses are not found at detectable levels in coagulation factor concentrates. In some cases, parvovirus B19 DNA was detectable at low levels. Testing of the plasma pools for the full range of parvovirus genotypes is advocated for ensuring product safety. (Source: Vox Sanguinis)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Serologically defined human metapneumovirus in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia

The Journal of Pediatrics — Fri, 29 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100

To the Editor: We read with interest the paper of Wolf et al on the role of human metapneumovirus (HMPV), detected with polymerase chain reaction in nasopharyngeal-wash specimens, in children with community-acquired-alveolar pneumonia with radiological World Health Organization criteria, in relation to 7 other respiratory viruses identified with culture and antigen detection. HMPV was found, second to respiratory syncytial virus, in 108 of 1296 Israeli children (8.3%) younger than 5 years, including both ambulatory and hospitalized patients in a 4-year surveillance period. Rhinovirus, which may be the most common virus in pneumonia in young children, and human bocavirus (HBoV), which seems to be one of the most common viruses involved with children's respiratory infections, were not studi...

Comparison of Th‐cell immunity against human bocavirus and parvovirus B19: proliferation and cytokine responses are similar in magnitude but more closely interrelated with human bocavirus

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology — Sat, 23 Oct 2010 23:40:45 +0100

Abstract (Source: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology)

High Prevalence of Asymptomatic Bocavirus in Daycare: Is Otitis Media a Confounder?

The Journal of Infectious Diseases Latest Issue — Mon, 18 Oct 2010 21:03:46 +0100

The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 202, Issue 10, Page 1617, 15 November 2010. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases Latest Issue)

Human bocavirus in children: Mono-detection, high viral load and viraemia are associated with respiratory tract infection

Journal of Clinical Virology — Wed, 15 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Our data support the hypothesis that HBoV1 causes RTI in children, because detection of HBoV1 alone, viraemia and high viral load are associated with RTI and/or LRTI in this age group. However, HBoV1 is common in healthy children. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

Determination and analysis of complete coding sequence regions of new discovered human bocavirus types 2 and 3

Archives of Virology — Wed, 04 Aug 2010 20:40:47 +0100

In this study, two human bocaviruses (HBoV), HBoV2 and HBoV3, that were detected previously in enteric samples were characterized genetically. Nearly complete genome sequences of three HBoV2 variants and one HBoV3 variant originating from Thailand and the UK were compared to published HBoV sequences. HBoV2 showed divergence from HBoV1 throughout the genome, while the HBoV3 sequence grouped phylogenetically with HBoV1 in the non-structural region and with HBoV2 sequences in the structural gene, consistent with its proposed recombinant origin. Compared to HBoV1 and HBoV3, HBoV2 shows substantially greater intra-species diversity, consistent with a longer period of human circulation. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Brief ReportDOI 10.1007/s00705-010-0781-2Authors Thaweesak Ch...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

A novel RT-multiplex PCR for detection of Aichi virus, human parechovirus, enteroviruses, and human bocavirus among infants and children with acute gastroenteritis.

Journal of Virological Methods — Tue, 03 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Pham NT, Trinh QD, Chan-It W, Khamrin P, Shimizu H, Okitsu S, Mizuguchi M, Ushijima H A novel reverse transcription-multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay was developed to detect Aichi virus, human parechovirus, enteroviruses, and human bocavirus. A mixture of four pairs of published specific primers, 6261 and 6779, ev22(+) and ev22(-), F1 and R1, 188F and 542R, was used to amplify the viral genomes and specifically generate four different amplicon sizes of 519, 270, 440, and 354bp for Aichi virus, human parechovirus, enteroviruses, and human bocavirus, respectively. A total of 247 fecal specimens previously screened for rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus, sapovirus, and astrovirus-negative, collected from infants and children with acute gastroenteritis in Japan from July 200...

Original Article: Frequency of human bocavirus (HBoV) infection among children with febrile respiratory symptoms in Argentina, Nicaragua and Peru

Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Please cite this paper as: (Source: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses)

High prevalence of antibodies against polyomavirus WU, polyomavirus KI, and human bocavirus in German blood donors

BMC Infectious Diseases — Mon, 19 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: High prevalences of antibodies against WUPyV, KIPyV, and hBoV were found in plasma samples of healthy adults. The results indicate that primary infection with these viruses occurs during childhood or youth. For KIPyV, the seropositivity appears to increase further during adulthood. (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)

Detection of respiratory viruses and the associated chemokine responses in serious acute respiratory illness

Thorax — Tue, 13 Jul 2010 09:03:56 +0100

Conclusions Respiratory viruses can be found in patients with serious acute respiratory illness by use of PCR assays more frequently than previously appreciated. IP-10 may be a useful biomarker for respiratory viral infection. (Source: Thorax)

Flu Vaccines, pharma fraud, quack science, the CDC and WHO -- all exposed by Richard Gale and Gary Null

NaturalNews.com — Fri, 02 Jul 2010 07:00:00 +0100

(NaturalNews) A remarkable article was published today by authors Richard Gale and Dr. Gary Null of the Progressive Radio Network (http://www.progressiveradionetwork.com). It may be the most shocking (and important) public health article published in the last two years. If you read just one health article this entire month, make it this one.The article is remarkable not just for its timeliness on the issue of mandatory vaccinations and public health policy, but also for its damning evidence that exposes the fraud and quackery of the vaccine industry (as well as the corruption at the CDC and WHO).As you'll read below, flu vaccines remain a mainstay modern medicine only because they provide a reliable source of profits for the pharmaceutical industry which now virtually dictates public healt...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Newly identified respiratory viruses in children with asthma exacerbation not requiring admission to hospital

Journal of Medical Virology — Mon, 21 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

There are few data describing the comprehensive identification in and influence of newly identified respiratory viruses on asthma exacerbations. Most studies focus on inpatients. In this preliminary study, the point prevalence and the associations of picornavirus species described recently and human bocavirus (HBoV) with the recovery from exacerbations in non-hospitalized asthmatic children (median age 5.1 years) were examined. Human rhinoviruses (HRVs) were present in 52.6% of specimens, HBoV-1 was in 7.7%. Viral co-detections occurred in 25.6% of children and were associated (P = 0.04) with lower asthma quality of life scores upon presentation than were single viral detections. The undifferentiated presence or absence of virus did not influence the severity of asthma or recovery however ...

Community-acquired pneumonia in children: what's old? What's new?

Acta Paediatrica — Mon, 21 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) still remains a significant cause for childhood morbidity worldwide. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the most important causative agent at all ages. Respiratory syncytial virus is common in young children, and Mycoplasma pneumoniae in schoolchildren. Paediatric CAP is universally treated with antibiotics; amoxicillin is the drug of choice for presumably pneumococcal and a macrolide for presumably atypical bacterial cases. Because of globally increased resistances, macrolides are not safety for pneumococcal CAP. At present, available prospective research data on the epidemiology of paediatric CAP in western countries are from 1970s to 1980s; correspondingly, data on bacterial aetiology are mainly from 1980s to 1990s. Current concepts on pneumococcal aetiology ...

Correlation of viral load of respiratory pathogens and co-infections with disease severity in children hospitalized for lower respiratory tract infection

Journal of Clinical Virology — Sun, 20 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Specific viral single and co-infections as well as viral load contribute to disease severity in children with LRTIs. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

Underestimation of Influenza Viral Infection in Childhood Asthma Exacerbations

The Journal of Pediatrics — Sun, 13 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Bocavirus was found in 11.6% of hospitalized children and 13% of ambulatory patients with exacerbations of asthma, and respiratory syncytial virus was found in 13.5% and 17.7%, respectively. In addition, influenza A virus was detected in 2.6% of hospitalized children and 14.1% (P < .001) of ambulatory-treated patients. Thus, the influenza burden in asthma may be underestimated. (Source: The Journal of Pediatrics)

Studies of porcine circovirus type 2, porcine boca-like virus and torque teno virus indicate the presence of multiple viral infections in postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome pigs.

Virus Research — Wed, 09 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: BlomstrÃ¶m AL, BelÃ¡k S, Fossum C, Fuxler L, Wallgren P, Berg M In a previous study, using random amplification and large-scale sequencing technology, we identified a novel porcine parvovirus belonging to the genus Bocavirus in the background of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) in Swedish pigs with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS). In addition to bocavirus we demonstrated the presence of torque teno virus (TTV) genogroups 1 and 2 in these cases of PMWS, indicating the simultaneous presence of several viruses in this disease complex. In the present study, 34 PMWS-affected animals and 24 pigs without PMWS were screened by PCR for the presence of PCV-2, TTV-1, TTV-2 and porcine boca-like virus (Pbo-likeV). The studies revealed the following infection rates i...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

High prevalence of a novel porcine bocavirus in weanling piglets with respiratory tract symptoms in China

Archives of Virology — Sat, 22 May 2010 06:57:18 +0100

This study presents the first evidence of infection by a novel porcine bocavirus (PBoV) in Chinese swine herds. The PCR detection results showed that PBoV was significantly more prevalent in weanling piglets (69.7%, 69/99) with respiratory tract symptoms than that in other samples (0–13.6%) (P < 0.01). Sequence analysis showed that the partial VP1/2 genes were highly conserved (99–100% identity), and only five frequent nucleotide mutation positions existed in Chinese PBoV strains. These data indicate that PBoV might be an emerging virus for swine respiratory tract diseases. This study could help us to better understand the epidemiology of PBoV. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Brief ReportDOI 10.1007/s00705-010-0698-9Authors Shaolun Zhai, Shanghai Veterinary...

Characterization of the gene expression profile of human bocavirus.

Virology — Fri, 07 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Chen AY, Cheng F, Lou S, Luo Y, Liu Z, Delwart E, Pintel D, Qiu J We have generated a quantitative transcription profile of human bocavirus type 1 (HBoV1) by transfecting a nearly full-length clone in human lung epithelial A549 cells as well as in a replication competent system in 293 cells. The overall transcription profile of HBoV1 is similar to that of two other members of genus Bocavirus, minute virus of canines and bovine parvovirus 1. In particular, a spliced NS1-transcript that was not recognized previously expressed the large non-structural protein NS1 at approximately 100kDa; and the NP1-encoding transcripts were expressed abundantly. In addition, the protein expression profile of human bocavirus type 2 (HBoV2) was examined in parallel by transfection of a nearly full...

Role of emerging respiratory viruses in children with severe acute wheezing

Pediatric Pulmonology — Thu, 06 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Acute wheezing episodes are frequently associated with respiratory viral infections in children. However, the role of the recently described respiratory viruses is not yet fully understood.The main objective of this study was to estimate the frequency of human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human bocavirus (HBoV), and 14 other respiratory viruses in hospitalized children with acute wheezing.A prospective study was conducted on children (Source: Pediatric Pulmonology)

Association between respiratory and herpes viruses on pulmonary exacerbations in cystic fibrosis patients

Journal of Cystic Fibrosis — Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Respiratory viruses discovered in the 21st century and human herpes viruses (N=13) were seldom (4/50) detected in our cystic fibrosis patients although exacerbation frequency (7.75±2.9/a versus 4.45±2.1/a; p=0.03) and colonization with Aspergillus fumigatus (RR: 2.6; CI95: 1.8–3.7), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (RR: 1.84; CI95: 1.4–2.4), and Staphylococcus aureus (RR: 1.5; CI95: 1.2–1.9) including MRSA (RR: 4.6; CI95: 1.3–16.6) were associated with virus positivity. Further studies should clarify whether this finding reflects non-specific colonization (human Bocavirus) or reactivation (Epstein-Barr virus) or rather an acceleration of lung tissue inflammation. (Source: Journal of Cystic Fibrosis)

Frequent and Prolonged Shedding of Bocavirus in Young Children Attending Daycare

The Journal of Infectious Diseases Latest Issue — Sat, 24 Apr 2010 07:07:04 +0100

Conclusion. HBoV was more common in illnesses with greater severity. However, detection of HBoV was not associated with the presence of respiratory illness or with specific respiratory symptoms in this prospective study of infants and toddlers attending daycare centers. (Source: The Journal of Infectious Diseases Latest Issue)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Human Bocaviruses Are Highly Diverse, Dispersed, Recombination Prone, and Prevalent in Enteric Infections

The Journal of Infectious Diseases Latest Issue — Fri, 23 Apr 2010 21:08:19 +0100

The Journal of Infectious Diseases, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 000, Latest Articles. A new species of parvovirus, tentatively named human bocavirus 4 (HBoV4), was genetically characterized. Among 641 feces samples obtained from children and adults, the most commonly detected bocavirus species were, in descending order, HBoV2, HBoV3, HBoV4, and HBoV1, with an HBoV2 prevalence of 21% and 26% in Nigerian and Tunisian children, respectively. HBoV3 or HBoV4 species were found in 12 of 192 patients with non‐polio acute flaccid paralysis in Tunisia and Nigeria and 0 of 96 healthy Tunisian contacts ($P=.01$). Evidence of extensive recombination at the NP1 and VP1 gene boundary between and within bocavirus species was found. The high degree of genetic diversity seen among the human bocaviruses...

Detection of novel respiratory viruses from influenza-like illness in the Philippines

Journal of Medical Virology — Sun, 18 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Several novel viruses have been recently identified in respiratory samples. However, the epidemiology of these viruses in tropical countries remains unclear. The aim of the present study was to provide an overview of the epidemiology of novel respiratory viruses, including human metapneumovirus, human bocavirus, new subtypes of human coronavirus (NL63 and HKU1), KI virus, WU virus, and Melaka virus in the Philippines, a tropical country. Nasopharyngeal aspirates from 465 patients with influenza-like illness were collected in 2006 and 2007. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and PCR were performed to detect viruses from culture-negative specimens. Human metapneumovirus, human bocavirus, human coronavirus HKU1, KI virus, and WU virus were detected for the first time in ...

Human bocavirus species 2 and 3 in Brazil

Journal of Clinical Virology — Sun, 11 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: This study reports the detection and genetic characterization of HBoV3 and HBoV2 in the stool of Brazilian patients with acute diarrhea. This is the first description of HBoV3 outside Australia, suggesting a wide global distribution of this virus. Further studies are needed to better understand the role of HBoV in gastrointestinal infections, particularly among patients with HIV/AIDS. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

Distinctive clinical features of human bocavirus in children younger than 2 years

European Journal of Pediatrics — Sat, 10 Apr 2010 08:09:46 +0100

Conclusions HBoV-single positive patients show several clinical characteristics, such as seasonality, age, hypoxia, and neutrophilia, which differ from those with RSV infection. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s00431-010-1183-xAuthors Yoko Moriyama, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center Department of Pediatrics 477-96, Owada-shinden Yachiyo Chiba 276-8524 JapanHiromichi Hamada, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center Department of Pediatrics 477-96, Owada-shinden Yachiyo Chiba 276-8524 JapanMineyuki Okada, Chiba Prefectural Institute of Public Health Chiba JapanNozomi Tsuchiya, Tokyo Women’s Medical University Yachiyo Medical Center Department of Pediatrics 477-96, Owada-shinden Yachiyo Chiba 276-...

Etiology of bronchiolitis in a hospitalized pediatric population: Prospective multicenter study

Journal of Clinical Virology — Thu, 01 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The most frequent agent was RSV, followed by HAdV. PCR can be cost-effective and more accurate than IFA, which is crucial for HAdV that may be associated with significant mortality (IFA alone did not detect 2/3 of the cases). (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Human Bocavirus in Very Young Infants Hospitalized with Acute Respiratory Infection in Northeast Brazil

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics — Wed, 31 Mar 2010 05:10:21 +0100

This study revealed HBoV infection in children aged <2 months, suggesting that the infection may occur at a very early age. (Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)

Bocavirus

MedicineNet Crohn's Disease General — Mon, 29 Mar 2010 07:00:00 +0100

Title: BocavirusCategory: Diseases and ConditionsCreated: 3/29/2010 5:19:00 PMLast Editorial Review: 3/29/2010 5:19:42 PM (Source: MedicineNet Crohn's Disease General)

Identification and molecular cloning of a novel porcine parvovirus

Archives of Virology — Thu, 25 Mar 2010 19:05:12 +0100

Abstract A novel porcine parvovirus, PPV4, was identified in the lung lavage of a diseased pig coinfected with porcine circovirus type 2. This virus exhibits limited similarity to its closest relative, bovine parvovirus 2, but resembles viruses of the genus Bocavirus (bovine parvovirus, canine minute virus and human bocavirus) that encode an additional ORF3. The ORF3 of PPV4 is predicted to encode a protein of 204 amino acid residues, which is similar in size to the ORF3-encoded proteins of the bocaviruses. Whereas the ORF3-encoded proteins of bocaviruses share significant similarity with each other, the PPV4 ORF3 encoded protein does not exhibit homology with any protein in the GenBank non-redundant database. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Brief ReportDOI 10.100...

Human bocavirus infection in children with acute respiratory tract infection in India

Journal of Medical Virology — Wed, 24 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a new human parvovirus identified in children with respiratory tract disease. Nasopharyngeal aspirates were collected from 305 children (Source: Journal of Medical Virology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Viral etiology of respiratory infections in children under 5 years old living in tropical rural areas of Senegal: The EVIRA project

Journal of Medical Virology — Wed, 24 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Acute respiratory infection is one of the leading causes of child morbidity, especially in developing countries. Viruses are recognized as the predominant causative agents of acute respiratory infections. In Senegal, few data concerning the causes of respiratory infections are available, and those known relate mainly to classical influenza infections. Clinical and virological surveillance of acute respiratory infections was carried out in a rural community in children less than 5 years old. A standardized questionnaire was used and a nasopharyngeal swab sample was collected from each patient. These samples were tested for the detection of 20 respiratory viruses by multiplex RT-PCR or by viral culture. A total of 82 acute respiratory episodes were included, and 48 (58.5%) were found to be p...

Dating of human bocavirus infection with protein-denaturing IgG-avidity assays—Secondary immune activations are ubiquitous in immunocompetent adults

Journal of Clinical Virology — Mon, 15 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Diagnosis of HBoV primary infection can be strengthened by measurement of IgG avidity. HBoV secondary infections or anamnestic antibody responses occur ubiquitously in immunocompetent adults. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

Human bocavirus infections in hospitalized Greek children

Articles of Archives of Medical Science - TERMEDIA publishing house — Tue, 09 Mar 2010 16:13:09 +0100

Conclusions: HBoV infections occur in Greece mostly among very young children. They accounted for 3.2% of children hospitalized with acute respiratory disease. Cases were observed only in late autumn to early spring. (Source: Articles of Archives of Medical Science - TERMEDIA publishing house)

Detection of new respiratory viruses in hospitalized infants with bronchiolitis: a three-year prospective study

Acta Paediatrica — Wed, 17 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: In hospitalized infants, RSV was the most frequent agent in bronchiolitis in winter, but other viruses were present in 47% of the patients. RV, HBoV and hMPV had a significant proportion of single infections. Clinical characteristics were similar amongst them, but seasonality was clearly different. (Source: Acta Paediatrica)

[Consensus conference on acute bronchiolitis (II): epidemiology of acute bronchiolitis. Review of the scientific evidence.]

Anales de Pediatria — Thu, 11 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ochoa Sangrador C, González de Dios J, A review of the evidence on epidemiology, risk factors, etiology and clinical-etiological profile of acute bronchiolitis is presented. The frequency estimates are very heterogeneous; in the population under two years the frequency of admission for bronchiolitis is between 1 and 3.5%, primary care consultations between 4 and 20% and emergency visits between 1 and 2%. The frequency of admissions for respiratory infection by respiratory syncytial virus in the risk population is: in premature infants </=32 weeks of gestation between 4.4 and 18%, in patients with bronchopulmonary dysplasia between 7.3 and 42%, and in infants with congenital heart disease between 1.6 and 9.8%. The main risk factors are: prematurity, chronic lung diseas...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

A novel multiplex real-time rt-pcr assay with fret hybridization probes for the detection and quantitation of 13 respiratory viruses.

Journal of Virological Methods — Wed, 10 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

A NOVEL MULTIPLEX REAL-TIME RT-PCR ASSAY WITH FRET HYBRIDIZATION PROBES FOR THE DETECTION AND QUANTITATION OF 13 RESPIRATORY VIRUSES. J Virol Methods. 2010 Feb 10; Authors: Lassauniére R, Kresfelder T, Venter M Quantitative multiplex real-time RT-PCR assays utilizing fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) hybridization probes were developed for the detection of 13 respiratory viruses, including well recognized viral causes (respiratory syncytial virus, influenza viruses A and B, parainfluenza viruses types 1, 2, and 3, adenovirus) as well as viruses described recently as causes of acute respiratory tract infections (human coronaviruses NL63, HKU1, 229E, and OC43, human bocavirus, and human metapneumovirus). FRET probes have an improved toleration for single base mis...

Erratum: Human bocavirus: Increasing evidence for virulence

Pediatric Pulmonology — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

No Abstract. (Source: Pediatric Pulmonology)

Novel human bocavirus in children with acute respiratory tract infection.

Emerging Infectious Diseases — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Song JR, Jin Y, Xie ZP, Gao HC, Xiao NG, Chen WX, Xu ZQ, Yan KL, Zhao Y, Hou Y, Duan ZJ Human bocavirus (HBoV) and HBoV2, two human bocavirus species, were found in 18 and 10 of 235 nasopharyngeal aspirates, respectively, from children hospitalized with acute respiratory tract infection. Our results suggest that, like HBoV, HBoV2 is distributed worldwide and may be associated with respiratory and enteric diseases. PMID: 20113572 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases)

Human bocavirus in children with respiratory tract infection in Shanghai: a retrospective study.

World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: HBoV was circulating in Shanghai during the study period, and which was detected frequently in children with ARTI. HBoV was found to be associated with community-acquired ARTI and may play a pathogenic role in nosocomial ARTI. PMID: 20143214 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP)

Detection and quantitative analysis of human bocavirus associated with respiratory tract infection in Osaka City, Japan

Microbiology and Immunology — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In this study of clinical specimens from young children, real-time PCR was undertaken to examine whether HBoV infection is associated with RTI and to support quantitative analysis of HBoV in these patients. In all, 376 specimens were collected from patients with RTI during April 2006[ndash]October 2008. Analyses revealed HBoV in 59 specimens (15.7%). Of HBoV-positive patients, children under the age of 3 years comprised 94.9%. Of the HBoV-positive samples, 47.5% were codetected with other respiratory viruses (dual infection, 27; triple infection, 1). During the study period, the numbers and rate of detection of HBoV were high mainly around May. Statistical analyses showed that the detection rate of HBoV during April[ndash]June was higher than during other months. Moreover, the viral load w...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Hematopoietic cell transplantation and emerging viral infections

Journal of Medical Virology — Tue, 19 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This article summarizes recent data on epidemiology and laboratory diagnosis of new pathogens, as well as clinical features and management of the associated infectious complications. J. Med. Virol. 82:528-538, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (Source: Journal of Medical Virology)

Novel Human Bocavirus in Children with Acute Respiratory Tract Infection, J. Song et al.

Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal — Wed, 13 Jan 2010 19:00:00 +0100

(Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal)

Respiratory syncytial virus, human bocavirus and rhinovirus bronchiolitis in infants

Archives of Disease in Childhood — Tue, 29 Dec 2009 18:48:52 +0100

Conclusions: Although the major pathogen responsible for bronchiolitis remains RSV, the infection can also be caused by RV and hBoV. Demographic characteristics and clinical severity of the disease may depend on the number of viruses or on the specific virus detected. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood)

Newly recognized bocaviruses (HBoV, HBoV2) in children and adults with gastrointestinal illness in the United States

Journal of Clinical Virology — Mon, 28 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The newly recognized parvovirus HBoV2 circulates in the United States. Patients with bocaviruses in stool have evidence of gastrointestinal illness. HBoV2 was not detected in respiratory samples. HBoV3 was not detected in either stool or respiratory samples. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

Parvovirus 4 in blood donors, france.

Emerging Infectious Diseases — Sat, 26 Dec 2009 06:50:22 +0100

Authors: Touinssi M, Brisbarre N, Picard C, Frassati C, Dussol B, Uch R, Gallian P, Cantaloube JF, Micco P, Biagini P To the Editor: In the past few years, several novel parvoviruses have been identified, including human parvovirus B19-related strains V9 and A6, and bocavirus. In 2005, parvovirus 4 (PARV4), a new putative member of the family Parvoviridae, was identified in the plasma of a patient in North America who had an acute virus infection (1). This virus had limited sequence homology with parvovirus B19 (<30% aa similarity) despite a conserved genomic organization showing 2 large nonoverlapping open reading frames (ORF). Phylogenetic studies performed with near-complete sequences have proposed that human PARV4 can be described by >/=3 genogroups (2). PMID: 20031076 [P...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Absence of human bocavirus from deceased fetuses and their mothers

Journal of Clinical Virology — Fri, 25 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: We did not find HBoV DNA in any of the deceased fetuses. Almost all pregnant women were HBoV-IgG positive. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

Human bocavirus infection in young children with acute respiratory tract infection in Lanzhou, China

Journal of Medical Virology — Tue, 22 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

In this study, the epidemiological and virological characteristics of HBoV infection were studied in children with acute respiratory tract infection in China. In total, 406 children younger than 14 years of age with acute respiratory tract infection were included in this prospective 1-year study. HBoV was detected in 29 (7.1%) of the 406 children. No clear seasonal fluctuation was observed in infection rates of HBoV. Of the 29 children infected with HBoV, 16 (55.2%) were coinfected with other respiratory viruses, most commonly respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Viral coinfection with HBoV did not affect the severity of the respiratory disease (P = 0.291). The number of HBoV genome copies ranged from 5.80 × 102 to 9.72 × 108 copies/ml in nasopharyngeal aspirates among HBoV-positive specim...

Correlation between bocavirus infection and humoral response, and co-infection with other respiratory viruses in children with acute respiratory infection

Journal of Clinical Virology — Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: HBoV was found frequently in children with respiratory tract symptoms associated with other respiratory viruses, and persisted in the respiratory tract and in serum and urine. The presence of IgM was significantly more prevalent in viremic patients and those diagnosed with high load of HBoV DNA in nasal/throat swabs. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

Serologically verified human bocavirus pneumonia in children

Pediatric Pulmonology — Thu, 03 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a newly identified parvovirus frequently found in children suffering from acute respiratory and intestinal infections. The aim of the present study was to evaluate, by using a newly developed antibody assay, the role of HBoV in pediatric community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and the seropositivity rate to HBoV in a prospective study in North-Italian children.During a 15-month study period, 124 children were admitted due to presumptive pneumonia, and in 101 of them, pneumonia was radiologically confirmed. The etiology of CAP was studied by antibody assays to 16 microbes, including the newly developed enzyme immunoassay for HBoV.Serological evidence of acute HBoV infection was found in 12 (12%) children, being single in 7 and mixed in 5 cases (4 with other viruses and ...

Antibodies against structural (VP1 and VP2) and nonstructural (NP-1 and NS1) proteins of human bocavirus in human sera.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology — Wed, 02 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Shirkoohi R, Endo R, Ishiguro N, Teramoto S, Kikuta H, Ariga T Immunofluorescence assays (IFAs) for detection of HBoV proteins (VP1, VP2, NP-1 and NS1) were developed. VP1-IFA was the most sensitive for detection of IgG antibody and suitable for screening. IgG antibodies in convalescent-phase sera of HBoV-positive patients were detected by VP1- and VP2-IFAs. Sensitivities of NP-1- and NS1-IFAs were low. PMID: 19955324 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical and Vaccine Immunology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Rapid molecular evolution of human bocavirus revealed by Bayesian coalescent inference.

Infection, Genetics and Evolution — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Zehender G, De Maddalena C, Canuti M, Zappa A, Amendola A, Lai A, Galli M, Tanzi E Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a linear single-stranded DNA virus belonging to the Parvoviridae family that has recently been isolated from the upper respiratory tract of children with acute respiratory infection. All of the strains observed so far segregate into two genotypes (1 and 2) with a low level of polymorphism. Given the recent description of the infection and the lack of epidemiological and molecular data, we estimated the virus's rates of molecular evolution and population dynamics. A dataset of forty-nine dated VP2-sequences, including also eight new isolates obtained from pharyngeal swabs of Italian patients with acute respiratory tract infections, was submitted to phylogenetic analysis....

The Human Bocaviruses: A Review and Discussion of Their Role in Infection

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine — Wed, 04 Nov 2009 16:51:33 +0100

This article is a comprehensive review of what is known about HBoV. It includes an evaluation of diagnostic modalities, symptoms occurring in affected patients, and a discussion as to whether HBoV is responsible for identified clinical manifestations. The article reviews the incidence and effect of coinfection and updates on related members (HBoV-2 and HBoV-3) recently reported. Understanding of respiratory viruses such as HBoV remains vitally important to the health of adult and pediatric patients. (Source: Clinics in Laboratory Medicine)

Prevalence of Parvovirus B19 and Human Bocavirus DNA in the Heart of Patients with no Evidence of Dilated Cardiomyopathy or Myocarditis

Clinical Infectious Diseases Latest Issue — Wed, 28 Oct 2009 21:20:48 +0100

Conclusions. Our data suggest that B19V but not HBoV demonstrates a lifelong persistence in the heart. The detection of B19V DNA in heart tissue showed no correlation with clinical symptoms. We strongly recommend that serological testing become a standardized procedure for future studies, to obtain representative data concerning the prevalence of B19V in the heart. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases Latest Issue)

Detection of Human Bocavirus-2 in children with acute Gastroenteritis in South Korea

Archives of Virology — Wed, 28 Oct 2009 07:22:20 +0100

Abstract Human bocavirus (HBoV)-2, a new parvovirus, has been identified in stool samples and is suggested to be one of the etiologic agents of acute gastroenteritis (GE). The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of HBoV-2 in children with GE. Stool samples were collected from 358 children hospitalized with GE. HBoV-2 was detected in 3.6% of the patients. HBoV-2 was co-detected with other viral agents in 53.8% of the patients. These findings suggest that HBoV-2 may be an etiologic agent in GE, but further studies are needed due to frequent co-detection with other enteric viruses. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Brief ReportDOI 10.1007/s00705-009-0533-3Authors Tae-Hee Han, Inje University College of Medicine Department of Laboratory Medicine, Sang...

Human bocavirus 2 in children, South Korea.

Emerging Infectious Diseases — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Han TH, Chung JY, Hwang ES To the Editor: In 2009, Kapoor et al. and Arthur et al. published reports on the prevalence of the newly identified parvovirus, human bocavirus 2 (HBoV-2), in fecal samples (1,2). HBoV-1 had been discovered in 2005 (3), and reports indicate its possible role in respiratory diseases such as upper respiratory tract infections, lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), and in exacerbation of asthma (4); in these diseases, the virus co-infects with other respiratory viruses (5). Systemic infection with HBoV-1 and possible association of this virus with other diseases such as gastroenteritis, Kawasaki disease, and hepatitis have been reported (6-8). We looked for HBoV-2 in clinical samples from children with various diseases, including acute LRTIs, Kawa...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Sequence analysis of an isolate of minute virus of canines in China reveals the closed association with bocavirus.

Molecular Biology Reports — Wed, 16 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Shan TL, Cui L, Dai XQ, Guo W, Shang XG, Yu Y, Zhang W, Kang YJ, Shen Q, Yang ZB, Zhu JG, Hua XG In the present study, we have cloned and sequenced the nearly-full-length genome of minute virus of canines (MVC), SH26, in China. The genome of MVC, 5,132 nucleotides (nts) in length, contains three open reading frames (ORFs), which are 2,325-bp of NS1, 561-bp of NP1 and 2,112-bp of VP1/VP2 encoding three proteins of 774, 186 and 703 residues, respectively. Predicted amino acids sequence of NS1 of MVC has 44% identity with human bocavirus (HBoV) and human boacvirus 2 (HBoV2), NP1 has 48 and 45% identity with HBoV and HBoV2, VP1/VP2 has 45 and 46% identity with HBoV and HBoV2, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the present Chinese MVC strain was also closely clustered ...

Human bocavirus and rhino-enteroviruses in childhood otitis media with effusion

Journal of Clinical Virology — Sun, 06 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Our results suggest that these common respiratory viruses can be associated with OME in children. Whether these viruses are causative etiologic factors of MEE persistence or merely remnants of previous infections is not known. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

Absence of detectable replication of human bocavirus species 2 in respiratory tract.

Emerging Infectious Diseases — Mon, 31 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Chieochansin T, Kapoor A, Delwart E, Poovorawan Y, Simmonds P Human bocavirus (HBoV) commonly infects young children and is associated with respiratory disease; disease associations of the divergent HBoV-2 species are unknown. Frequent HBoV-2 detection in fecal samples indicated widespread circulation in the United Kingdom and Thailand, but its lack of detection among 6,524 respiratory samples indicates likely differences from HBoV-1 in tropism/pathogenesis. PMID: 19788826 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases)

Clinical assessment and improved diagnosis of bocavirus-induced wheezing in children, Finland.

Emerging Infectious Diseases — Mon, 31 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Söderlund-Venermo M, Lahtinen A, Jartti T, Hedman L, Kemppainen K, Lehtinen P, Allander T, Ruuskanen O, Hedman K Human bocavirus (HBoV) is a widespread respiratory virus. To improve diagnostic methods, we conducted immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgM enzyme immunoassays with recombinant virus-like particles of HBoV as antigen. Acute-phase and follow-up serum samples from 258 wheezing children and single serum samples from 115 healthy adults in Finland were examined. Our assays had a sensitivity of 97% and a specificity of 99.5%. Of adults, 96% had immunity; none had an acute infection. Of 48 children with serologically diagnosed acute HBoV infections, 45 were viremic and 35 had virus in nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs). Of 39 HBoV NPA PCR-positive children co-infected with anoth...

Simultaneous detection of human bocavirus and adenovirus by multiplex real-time PCR in a Belgian paediatric population.

Adv Data — Mon, 24 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: De Vos N, Vankeerberghen A, Vaeyens F, Van Vaerenbergh K, Boel A, De Beenhouwer H Since the discovery of human bocavirus (hBoV), the virus has been detected worldwide in respiratory tract samples from young children by various polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and real-time PCRs (Q-PCR). Until now, no data have been reported on the presence of hBoV in Belgium and the detection of hBoV in a multiplex Q-PCR setting has not been described. The aim of this study was to develop a fast and reliable multiplex Q-PCR for the simultaneous detection of hBoV DNA and adenovirus (AdV) DNA. During the winter of 2004-2005, 445 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) were analysed from 404 Belgian children up to 5 years old with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs). (Co)infections with hBoV...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Simultaneous detection of human bocavirus and adenovirus by multiplex real-time PCR in a Belgian paediatric population

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases — Mon, 24 Aug 2009 16:53:14 +0100

Abstract Since the discovery of human bocavirus (hBoV), the virus has been detected worldwide in respiratory tract samples from young children by various polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays and real-time PCRs (Q-PCR). Until now, no data have been reported on the presence of hBoV in Belgium and the detection of hBoV in a multiplex Q-PCR setting has not been described. The aim of this study was to develop a fast and reliable multiplex Q-PCR for the simultaneous detection of hBoV DNA and adenovirus (AdV) DNA. During the winter of 2004–2005, 445 nasopharyngeal aspirates (NPAs) were analysed from 404 Belgian children up to 5 years old with acute respiratory tract infections (ARTIs). (Co)infections with hBoV, AdV, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human metapneumoviru...

The first detection of human bocavirus 2 infections in China

Journal of Clinical Virology — Tue, 11 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Human bocavirus (HBoV) was firstly discovered in children with respiratory tract infections (RTIs), but also has been found in children with gastroenteritis. The association between HBoV and respiratory infections and gastroenteritis are determined. Human bocavirus 2 (HBoV2), which is one species of the subfamily Parvovirinae of the family Parvoviridae, was firstly reported in children by Kapoor et al. To extend these initial findings and assess the pathogenicity of HBoV and HBoV2, we investigated their prevalence in children in China. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

Prevalence and clinical aspects of human bocavirus infection in children

Clinical Microbiology and Infection — Mon, 03 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Clin Microbiol Infect Human bocavirus (HBoV) was recently described as a new member of the Parvoviridae. In order to investigate the suggested association of HBoV with respiratory and gastric disease in infants and young children, sera of 357 paediatric patients hospitalized with infectious and non-infectious diseases were retrospectively analyzed for the presence of HBoV DNA and virus-specific antibodies using quantitative PCR and ELISA, respectively. HBoV seroprevalence was determined to range from 25% in infants younger than 1 year of age to 93% in children aged more than 3 years. Viral loads between 1 × 102 and 1.2 × 106 geq/mL were observed in 6.7% (20/297) of sera obtained preferentially from young children suffering from infectious diseases. HBoV genomes were furthermore detected ...

Human Bocavirus: A Cause of Severe Asthma Exacerbation in Children

The Journal of Pediatrics — Wed, 22 Jul 2009 11:28:22 +0100

Real-time polymerase chain reaction for human bocavirus (HBoV) was performed in nasopharyngeal aspirate specimens from 166 children over 2 years of age hospitalized for severe asthma exacerbation. Whereas HBoV was detected in 21 of these children (13%), it was found in only 1 of 50 ambulatory children with stable asthma (2%), suggesting a major role of HBoV in acute exacerbations in asthmatic children. (Source: The Journal of Pediatrics)

[Media Watch] Books: The dictionary of virology

The Lancet Infectious Diseases — Sun, 19 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Recently we have witnessed an explosion in virus discovery. The highest profile of these “new” viruses is the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus, which made its debut in 2001 with an alarming pandemic that infected 8000 people around the world and claimed 800 victims before it was brought under control. With new and rapid molecular techniques for virus discovery, and the recent development of mass sequencing, many new human and veterinary viruses have been discovered. These include several new polyomaviruses and picornaviruses, many of which might be pathogenic, and human bocavirus, which is implicated in childhood respiratory tract disease. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Detection of enteric viruses in rectal swabs from children with acute gastroenteritis attending the pediatric outpatient clinics in Sapporo, Japan

Journal of Clinical Virology — Wed, 15 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The prevalence of each enteric virus in outpatients resembled that previously estimated in hospitalized patients, although the detection rate of rotavirus was slightly low. The contribution of bocavirus appears to be small. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

Prevalence of human bocavirus in human tonsils and adenoids.

Emerging Infectious Diseases — Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Clément N, Battaglioli G, Jensen RL, Schnepp BC, Johnson PR, St George K, Linden RM PMID: 19624951 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases)

Detection of, and frequent co-infection with, human bocavirus in faecal specimens from children in Wuhan, China

Clinical Microbiology and Infection — Sun, 21 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Clin Microbiol Infect A novel parvovirus, human bocavirus (HBoV), was first discovered in children with respiratory tract infections in Sweden. A retrospective study of HBoV in faecal samples from children suffering from diarrhea, covering a 3-year period (November 2000 to October 2003) in Wuhan, China, was undertaken. PCR assays were used to evaluate 214 faecal samples and to determine the role of HBoV in diarrhoea. Among 196 virus-infected children with diarrhoea, 2.55% were HBoV-positive; however, all HBoV-positive patients were co-infected with common enteric viruses. This result does not support the notion that HBoV is a viral agent causing acute diarrhoea. (Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection)

[Diagnosis and molecular epidemiology of viral gastroenteritis in the past, present and future]

Uirusu. Journal of Virology — Mon, 01 Jun 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ushijima H Outline, history of research, diagnosis and molecular epidemiology of viral gastroenteritis were described. Rotavirus, adenovirus, norovirus, sapovirus, astrovirus, human parechovirus, Aichivirus, and human bocavirus are the major target viruses which cause acute gastroenteritis. The viruses were differentiated into genogroup, genotypes and subgenotypes/clusters/lineages. The changing of their genetic backgrounds was well recognized in different areas and years. Some reassortments or recombinations were observed not only between humans and humans but also between humans and animals. Viral gastroenteritis diseases were transmitted by food-borne and humans to humans contact. The environmental factors were also impacted on the infections. Recently, situation of the dis...

No detection of human bocavirus in amniotic fluid samples from fetuses with hydrops or isolated effusions

Journal of Clinical Virology — Tue, 26 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: We suggest that HBoV is not a common cause of fetal hydrops, anemia or isolated effusions. This has to be confirmed by further studies of proven gestational HBoV infection. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Detection of Human Bocavirus in bronchoalveolar lavage from Italian adult patients

Journal of Clinical Virology — Wed, 29 Apr 2009 16:48:39 +0100

In this study, no specimen resulted positive to HBoV and the authors concluded that this argued against a role for HBoV as a respiratory pathogen or co-pathogen in lung transplantation, as well as against a role as a bystander in the respiratory tract of adults. We have conducted a prospective study on HBoV prevalence in 341 consecutive BAL samples over an 18-month period. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed for investigating the cause of unexplained fever and/or respiratory symptoms and/or new infiltrates on chest X-ray or as routine follow-up in lung transplant recipients at month 1 post-transplantation and subsequently at 3-month intervals. The presence of HBoV was evaluated by Real-Time TaqMan PCR, as previously described, following automated DNA extraction with the NucliSens easyMAG ...

Do rhinoviruses reduce the probability of viral co-detection during acute respiratory tract infections?

Journal of Clinical Virology — Wed, 29 Apr 2009 16:48:16 +0100

Conclusions: HRVs were proportionately under-represented among viral co-detections. For some period, HRVs may render the host less likely to be infected by other viruses. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

[Respiratory infection] Respiratory viruses in bronchoalveolar lavage: a hospital-based cohort study in adults

Thorax — Tue, 28 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: In this cohort of hospitalised adults, respiratory viruses detected in BAL fluid specimens were associated with respiratory symptoms, absence of radiological infiltrates and a poor response to antibiotic therapy. (Source: Thorax)

Detection of Human Bocavirus from Fecal Samples of Hungarian Children with Acute Gastroenteritis

Karger Publishers — Mon, 06 Apr 2009 15:24:56 +0100

Intervirology 2009;52:17-21 (DOI:10.1159/000210834) (Source: Karger Publishers)

Phylogenetic analysis of human bocavirus (HBoV) detected from children with acute respiratory infection in Japan

Journal of Infection — Wed, 01 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100

In this study, in an attempt to clarify the epidemiology, we performed phylogenetic analysis of HBoV detected from Japanese children with ARI in recent years. (Source: Journal of Infection)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Detection of Human Bocavirus in bronchoalveolar lavage from Italian adult patients.

Journal of Clinical Virology — Tue, 24 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Costa C, Bergallo M, Cavallo R PMID: 19324589 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

Human bocavirus and KI/WU polyomaviruses in pediatric intensive care patients.

Emerging Infectious Diseases — Sat, 28 Feb 2009 14:35:00 +0100

Authors: van de Pol AC, Wolfs TF, Jansen NJ, Kimpen JL, van Loon AM, Rossen JW We evaluated the prevalence of human bocavirus and KI and WU polyomaviruses in pediatric intensive care patients with and without lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI). The prevalence of these viruses was 5.1%, 0%, and 2.6%, respectively, in children with LRTI and 4.8%, 4.8%, and 2.4%, respectively, in those without LRTI. PMID: 19239763 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases)

[Paediatric lung disease] Induced sputum in the diagnosis of childhood community-acquired pneumonia

Thorax — Fri, 27 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Sputum induction provides good quality sputum specimens with high microbiological yield in children with community-acquired pneumonia. Induced sputum analysis can be useful in the microbiological diagnosis of childhood community-acquired pneumonia. (Source: Thorax)

Evidence of prior exposure to Human Bocavirus: a retrospective serological study of 404 adult sera in the United States.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology — Wed, 25 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Cecchini S, Negrete A, Virag T, Graham B, Cohen JI, Kotin RM Recently, molecular screening for pathogenic agents has identified a partial genome of a novel parvovirus, called human bocavirus (HBoV). The presence of this newly described parvovirus correlated with upper and lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) in children. LRTIs are a leading cause of hospital admission in children and the etiological agent has not been identified in up to 39% of these cases. Using baculovirus expression vectors (BEVs) and insect cell system; we produced virus-like-particles (VLP) of HBov. The engineered BEVs express the HBov capsid proteins stoichiometrically from a single open reading frame. Three capsid proteins assemble into the VLP rather than two proteins predicted from the HBoV genom...

Clinical and microbiological impact of human bocavirus on children with acute otitis media

European Journal of Pediatrics — Tue, 17 Feb 2009 10:04:26 +0100

In conclusion, HBoV may worsen the clinical symptoms and prolong the clinical outcome of AOM in pediatric population. Finally, HBoV may prime the secondary bacterial infection in the middle ear in favor of S. pneumoniae. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s00431-009-0939-7Authors Levent Bekir Beder, Wakayama Medical University Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama-shi 641-0012 Wakayama JapanMuneki Hotomi, Wakayama Medical University Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama-shi 641-0012 Wakayama JapanMasashi Ogami, Wakayama Medical University Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Kimiidera 811-1, Wakayama-shi 641-0012 Wakayama JapanKazuma Yamauchi, Wakayama Medical Unive...

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Find the best January Sales in the UK.

Healthcare-Associated Atypical Pneumonia

Seminars in Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine — Sun, 08 Feb 2009 20:11:30 +0100

This article discusses the history, epidemiology, and pathogenesis of infection; control of infection; clinical findings; diagnosis; and, where applicable, treatment of the agents of healthcare-associated atypical pneumonia. Bacterial agents include species, , species, and . Although there are over 100 viruses that can cause respiratory tract infections, only a fraction of those have been defined in the context of healthcare-associated atypical pneumonia: adenovirus and human bocavirus (HBoV); rhinovirus; human coronaviruses (HCoV), including HCoV 229E, HCoV OC43, HCoV NL63, HCoV HKU1; members of the paramyxoviridae (parainfluenza viruses, human metapneumovirus, and respiratory syncytial virus); hantavirus; influenza; and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Co-V. Our knowledge about h...

Clinical and genetic analysis of Human Bocavirus in children with lower respiratory tract infection in Taiwan.

Journal of Clinical Virology — Sat, 07 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: HBoV may have circulated in Taiwan for some time and it appears to be one of the etiological agents responsible for lower respiratory tract infection in children. PMID: 19208496 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

Establishing a surveillance network for severe lower respiratory tract infections in Korean infants and young children

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases — Wed, 04 Feb 2009 11:13:57 +0100

Abstract To reduce morbidity and mortality through integrated case management, a pilot study to detect respiratory viruses in patients with acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) was designed as part of a nationwide surveillance for this disease in Korea. The study population consisted of hospitalized patients under the age of 5 years with bronchiolitis, pneumonia, croup, or acute respiratory distress syndrome. A prospective 6-month study was performed. Two hundred and ninety-seven nasopharyngeal secretions were collected and multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR)/polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were performed to detect respiratory viruses. If there were any positive RT-PCR/PCR results, viral cultures were proceeded for confirmation. ...

Human Bocavirus and KI/WU Polyomaviruses in Pediatric Intensive Care Patients, A.C. van de Pol et al.

Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal — Tue, 03 Feb 2009 18:00:00 +0100

(Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases Journal)

Detection of human bocavirus in hospitalised children

Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health — Tue, 03 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: These results contribute to the interest in the HBoV detection in children. HBoV detection in hospitalised children with or without any other respiratory virus detection was essentially associated with lower respiratory tract infection and in a lower score with upper respiratory tract infection and gastroenteritis. (Source: Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health)

MedWorm Sponsor Message: Please support the Doctors In Chains campaign for the medics tortured and sentenced for up to 15 years in Bahrain. #FreeDoctors

Human Metapneumovirus and Human Bocavirus in Children.

Pediatric Research — Wed, 28 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Milder E, Arnold JC Several new viruses have recently been described in children, including human metapneumovirus (hMPV) and human bocavirus (HBoV). hMPV has been established as a common cause of upper and lower respiratory tract infections in children, often second only to respiratory syncytial virus as a cause of bronchiolitis in infants. Diagnostic tools have been developed for the clinician and effective treatment and prevention strategies are being investigated. HBoV was more recently identified. Although it was initially identified in the airway of children, high rates of co-detection of other viral pathogens and detection of the virus in the stool have raised questions about the true role of human bocavirus as a cause of respiratory infections. A focus on epidemiology, ...

Humoral Immune Response Against Human Bocavirus VP2 Virus-Like Particles

Viral Immunology — Tue, 30 Dec 2008 17:28:22 +0100

Viral Immunology Dec 2008, Vol. 21, No. 4: 443-450. Human bocavirus (HBoV) was recently detected in samples from children and infants with infections of the respiratory tract. Here we analyze the prevalence of IgG and IgM antibodies against HBoV virus-like VP2 particles in healthy adult blood donors and ... (Source: Viral Immunology)

Comprehensive detection of causative pathogens using real-time PCR to diagnose pediatric community-acquired pneumonia

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy — Wed, 17 Dec 2008 08:22:39 +0100

Abstract We have developed a real-time reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR) method to detect 13 respiratory viruses: influenza virus A and B; respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) subgroup A and B; parainfluenza virus (PIV) 1, 2, and 3; adenovirus; rhinovirus (RV); enterovirus; coronavirus (OC43); human metapneumovirus (hMPV); and human bocavirus (HBoV). The new method for detection of these viruses was applied simultaneously with real-time PCR for the detection of six bacterial pathogens in clinical samples from 1700 pediatric patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Of all the patients, 32.5% were suspected to have single bacterial infections; 1.9%, multiple bacterial infections; 15.2%, coinfections of bacteria and viruses; 25.8%, single viral infections; and 2.1%, mu...

Absence of human Bocavirus in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of lung transplant patients.

Journal of Clinical Virology — Tue, 09 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Miyakis S, van Hal SJ, Barratt J, Stark D, Marriott D, Harkness J PMID: 19083266 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)