MedWorm: Erythema Infectiosum

SeraCare Launches Five New Infectious Disease Panels Including First...

PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 06:24:02 +0100

SeraCare Life Sciences announced it has launched new infectious disease panels for HIV, HBV, HAV and CMV markers, and a first-of-its-kind performance panel for parvovirus B19, most commonly associated...(PRWeb January 30, 2012)Read the full story at http://www.prweb.com/releases/2012/1/prweb9142297.htm (Source: PRWeb: Medical Pharmaceuticals)

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Genotyping of Human parvovirus B19 among Brazilian patients with hemoglobinopathies

Canadian Journal of Microbiology — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 08:13:49 +0100

Canadian Journal of Microbiology, Volume 0, Issue 0, Page 200-205, e-First articles. (Source: Canadian Journal of Microbiology)

Potential Infectious Etiology of Behçet's Disease.

Herpes — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 03:30:02 +0100

Authors: Galeone M, Colucci R, D'Erme AM, Moretti S, Lotti T Abstract Behçet's disease is a multisystem inflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent oral aphthous ulcers, genital ulcers, uveitis, and skin lesions. The cause of Behçet's disease remains unknown, but epidemiologic findings suggest that an autoimmune process is triggered by an environmental agent in a genetically predisposed individual. An infectious agent could operate through molecular mimicry, and subsequently the disease could be perpetuated by an abnormal immune response to an autoantigen in the absence of ongoing infection. Potentia bacterial are Saccharomyces cerevisiae, mycobacteria, Borrelia burgdorferi, Helicobacter pylori, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Mycoplasma fermentans, but the most...

Acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis to amoxicillin associated with parvovirus B19 reactivation.

Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

We report the case of a 22-year-old male patient with 2 episodes, 4 months apart, of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) associated with oral intake of amoxicillin and simultaneous reactivation of parvovirus B19 infection proven by positive polymerase chain reaction test in the skin fragment and blood sample and elevation of the IgG antibodies titer. To our knowledge, this is the first report of AGEP resulting from the interaction between drug hypersensitivity and the reactivation of parvovirus B19. A combination of an immunological reaction to the drug and virus infection could be responsible for the clinical picture. PMID: 22257115 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology)

Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis and parvovirus B19.

Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Sanchez C, Fenves A, Schwartz J PMID: 22275777 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Baylor University Medical Center Proceedings)

When are amniotic fluid viral PCR studies indicated in prenatal diagnosis?

Prenatal Diagnosis — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionAmniotic fluid viral PCR testing should be considered for fetuses with intrauterine growth restriction, nonimmune hydrops fetalis, hand/foot anomalies, or NTDs. After aneuploidy is excluded, NTDs are associated with PCR positivity. © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Prenatal Diagnosis)

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Mycoplasma pneumoniae Infection Presenting as Bullous Papular Purpuric Gloves and Socks Syndrome: Novel Association and Review of the Literature

Clinical Pediatrics — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

This study describes a case resulting from Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in an adolescent male and reviews the literature. (Source: Clinical Pediatrics)

Diagnosis, management and possibilities to prevent parvovirus B19 infection in pregnancy

Future Virology — Thu, 24 Nov 2011 16:35:25 +0100

Future Virology , December 2011, Vol. 6, No. 12, Pages 1435-1450. (Source: Future Virology)

Severe glomerulonephritis and encephalopathy associated with parvovirus B19 infection mimicking systemic lupus erythematosus.

Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Cugler T, Carvalho LD, Facincani I, Yamamoto A, Silva GB, Costa RS, Ferriani V PMID: 22043904 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Scandinavian Journal of Rheumatology)

Is routine viral screening useful in patients with recent‐onset polyarthritis of a duration of at least 6 weeks? Results from a nationwide longitudinal prospective cohort study

Arthritis Care and Research — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

ConclusionRoutine serologic testing did not contribute substantially to the diagnosis in this context. (Source: Arthritis Care and Research)

Parvovirus B19 infection and amniocentesis

Prenatal Diagnosis — Mon, 24 Oct 2011 05:04:11 +0100

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Parvovirus B19 infection in pregnancy and amniocentesis

Prenatal Diagnosis — Mon, 24 Oct 2011 05:04:10 +0100

(Source: Prenatal Diagnosis)

Acute fulminant hepatitis with bone marrow failure in an adult due to parvovirus B19 infection

Hepatology — Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

(Source: Hepatology)

Collaborative study to establish a World Health Organization International genotype panel for parvovirus B19 DNA nucleic acid amplification technology (NAT)‐based assays

Vox Sanguinis — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions The four‐member panel is intended for use in evaluating the ability of NAT assays to detect different B19V genotypes (M1–M3). Based on the results of the collaborative study, the panel was established as the 1st WHO International Reference Panel for parvovirus B19 genotypes. (Source: Vox Sanguinis)

Modigraf 0.2mg & 1mg granules for oral suspension (tacrolimus) - Revised SPC

NeLM - SPC Changes — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Source: eMC (electronic Medicines Compendium) Area: Other Library Updates > SPC Changes The SPC has been updated to reflect the following changes: Section 4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use Addition of text: Pure Red Cell Aplasia Cases of pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) have been reported in patients treated with tacrolimus. All patients reported risk factors for PRCA such as parvovirus B19 infection, underlying disease or concomitant medications associated with PRCA. Section 4.8 Undesirable effects Blood and lymphatic system disorders : pure red cell aplasia has been added to the Undesirable effects, with the frequency as not known. Please refer to SPC link below for full information (Source: NeLM...

Advagraf 0.5mg, 1mg, 3mg and 5mg Prolonged-release hard capsules (tacrolimus)- Revised SPC

NeLM - SPC Changes — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Source: eMC (electronic Medicines Compendium) Area: Other Library Updates > SPC Changes The SPC for Advagraf (tacrolimus) has been updated to reflect changes in the following sections: Section 4.4 Special warnings and precautions for use The following text has been added: Pure Red Cell Aplasia Cases of pure red cell aplasia (PRCA) have been reported in patients treated with tacrolimus. All patients reported risk factors for PRCA such as parvovirus B19 infection, underlying disease or concomitant medications associated with PRCA. Section 4.8 Undesirable effects Blood and lymphatic system disorders : pure red cell aplasia has been added to the Undesirable effects, with the frequency as not known. Please refer to the SPC link below for full information....

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Is routine viral screening useful in patients with recent‐onset polyarthritis of at least 6 weeks' duration (ESPOIR Cohort Study)?

Arthritis Care and Research — Fri, 30 Sep 2011 00:23:04 +0100

[Childhood parvovirus B19 encephalitis.]

Archives de Pediatrie — Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Even if PVB19 research is not cited in the French or American infectious disease society recommendations on the diagnosis and management of infectious encephalitis, this virus may be responsible, especially in cases of child febrile rash. Therefore, PVB19 research seems reasonable if the clinical presentation is concordant in children due to its diagnostic simplicity and efficacy. PMID: 21963073 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Archives de Pediatrie)

Parvovirus B19 infection associated with severe chronic aplastic anaemia—a case report

Journal of Hematopathology — Fri, 09 Sep 2011 05:49:08 +0100

We report a case of parvovirus B19-associated chronic aplastic anaemia in a 34-year-old female patient who presented with gum bleeding and ecchymotic patches over both legs and curdy vaginal discharge. She had pancytopenia on peripheral blood film examination and was subjected to bone marrow biopsy as the marrow aspirate showed peripheral blood only hence was not conclusive. Bone marrow biopsy was reported as AA, severe grade. The serological analysis performed later on revealed parvovirus B19 infection. Acute infection with B19V should be considered as a cause of acquired aplastic anaemia in individuals where other etiological factors are not elucidated. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportPages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s12308-011-0113-9Authors Rajeev Sen, Department of Path...

Parvovirus B19-associated purpuric–petechial eruption

Journal of Clinical Virology — Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: PVB19 infection should be considered in any patient presenting with a petechial or purpuric eruption of unclear origin, and not solely for PPGSS type presentations. Therefore, we propose a simple name “PVB19-associated purpuric–petechial eruption” to describe polymorphous purpuric–petechial eruptions due to PVB19 infection, coinciding with the viremic phase of primary infection and infectivity, characterized by a self-limiting course with a benign prognosis and common histological findings. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

Long-term neurodevelopmental outcome after intrauterine transfusion for fetal anemia

Early Human Development — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: The long-term neurodevelopmental outcome of children born after intrauterine blood transfusion (IUT) for red cell alloimmunization is considered favorable. Severe hydrops has been identified as a strong predictor for neurodevelopmental impairment. However, the long-term outcome of survivors of IUT for congenital Parvovirus B19 infection and fetomaternal hemorrhage is not well known. Limitations of the follow-up studies to date are small sample size, lack of controls, unclear criteria for impairment and lack of standardized developmental tests. Future research should take into account more subtle impairments, since cognitive functioning (Source: Early Human Development)

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F209 pain in chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis patients: relation to active hhv-6, hhv-7 and parvovirus b19 infection/co-infection

European Journal of Pain Supplements — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

(Source: European Journal of Pain Supplements)

Parvovirus B19-induced Type II Mixed Cryoglobulinemia

The American Journal of Medicine — Sun, 21 Aug 2011 10:02:52 +0100

We report on a patient with type II mixed cryoglobulinemia due to acute infection with parvovirus B19 who was treated successfully with lenalidomide. (Source: The American Journal of Medicine)

Caution in evaluation of removal of virus by filtration: Misinterpretation due to detection of viral genome fragments by PCR.

Journal of Virological Methods — Thu, 18 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Tsujikawa M, Ohkubo Y, Masuda M, Tanaka H, Takahashi K, Sasaki Y, Yunoki M, Ikuta K Abstract The testing of biological products at different stages of the manufacturing process currently involves quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR)-based assays. Q-PCR techniques are able to detect not only the viral genome in viral particles but also fragments of degraded genome in samples. The ability of 15 and 19-nm filters to remove viruses was examined by conducting infectivity assays and Q-PCR assays using parvovirus B19 (B19), one of the smallest non-enveloped viruses. Although the filtered samples showed no infectivity, viral DNA was detected by Q-PCR. Interestingly, approximately 90% of the total viral genome in 15-nm filtrates had a detectable size of less than 0.5kb by...

Occupational risk for cytomegalovirus, but not for parvovirus B19 in child-care personnel in France

Journal of Infection — Tue, 16 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: French female child-care staff runs an occupational risk for CMV infection, but not for B19V infection. The fraction attributable to this CMV occupational risk was not higher than the risk associated with personal factors. (Source: Journal of Infection)

Genotype‐specific effects on left ventricular function in parvovirus B19‐positive patients with dilated cardiomyopathy

Journal of Medical Virology — Thu, 11 Aug 2011 18:52:11 +0100

AbstractGenotype‐specific effects of parvovirus B19 (B19V) infections on left ventricular function in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) have not been investigated so far. In this prospective clinical study, the prevalences of B19V genotypes in endomyocardial biopsies from patients presenting with inflammatory heart disease and DCM were determined. A total of 139 consecutive patients were included in the study; among them 53 patients were diagnosed as DCM. Among the total study cohort, B19V DNA was detected in 65 study participants (46.8%). Genotyping of the B19V genomes in the total cohort identified genotype 1 in 38 samples (27.3%), genotype 2 in 25 samples (18.0%), and genotype 3 in only two patients (1.4%). During an average follow‐up period of 8 months left ventricular eje...

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Hemiconvulsion-Hemiplegia-Epilepsy Syndrome Associated With CACNA1A S218L Mutation

Pediatric Neurology — Wed, 10 Aug 2011 22:18:48 +0100

We report on a 5-year-old Japanese girl presenting with hemiconvulsion-hemiplegia-epilepsy syndrome after infection with parvovirus B19. Magnetic resonance imaging performed 2 days after admission revealed cerebellar atrophy and marked hyperintensity in the left hemisphere on T2-weighted and diffusion-weighted imaging. Magnetic resonance angiography performed 7 days after admission demonstrated obliteration of the left proximal middle cerebral artery in the acute phase. However, this finding was not evident on brain angiography performed 25 hours after magnetic resonance angiography. Genetic analysis of familial hemiplegic migraine revealed a heterozygous S218L mutation in CACNA1A. Taken together, these results suggest that vasospasms of cerebral vascular smooth muscle, with possible corti...

Study on Clinical Characteristics and Follow-up Visit of Acquired Aplastic Anemia Associated with Parvovirus B19 Infection

Indian Journal of Pediatrics — Wed, 10 Aug 2011 15:41:42 +0100

Conclusions Parvovirus B19 infection contributes to the generation of AA, particularly in children aged 5–8 y. The AA induced may be mainly classified as serious and very serious type, with a course of disease less than 2 mo. Patients can be saved if B19-DNA is eliminated and the antibody is produced. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s12098-011-0542-6Authors Jin-quan Wen, Children Disease Research Deparment, Xi’an Childern Hospital, Xi’an, Shanxi, People’s Republic of ChinaNan Zhou, Children Disease Research Deparment, Xi’an Childern Hospital, Xi’an, Shanxi, People’s Republic of ChinaDan Li, Children Disease Research Deparment, Xi’an Childern Hospital, Xi’an, Shanxi, People’s Republic of ChinaHai-ling Feng, Children Dise...

[Human parvovirus B19 infection in sickle cell anemia patient in Mali: A case-control study.]

Archives de Pediatrie — Thu, 28 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Diallo DA, Guindo A, Dorie A, Djibo N, Algiman E, Ouane OD, Diakité AA, Traoré FF, Ag Baraika M, Dembélé AK, Tchernia G Human parvovirus B19 (HP-19) is the only Parvoviridae known to be pathogenic in human. Studies of HP-19 infection and its associated life-threatening complications in sickle cell anemia patients have been reported in Europe and the US. These results justify the development of HP-B19 prevention and strategies to reduce the incidence of severe and life-threatening complications associated with the infection in patients with sickle cell anemia, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa where the sickle cell anemia burden is high. In light of these considerations, we conducted a case-control study including 163 patients with sickle cell anemia and 163 controls. HP-B...

Serological study on parvovirus B19 infection in multitransfused thalassemia major patients and its transmission through donor units

Asian Journal of Transfusion Science — Wed, 27 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Most of multitransfused thalassemics were B19 seropositive or had anti-B19 IgM; in the remaining uninfected group, B19 got transmitted through infected / IgM-positive donor units. (Source: Asian Journal of Transfusion Science)

Myocarditis as a precipitating factor for heart failure: evaluation and 1-year follow-up using cardiovascular magnetic resonance and endomyocardial biopsy

European Journal of Heart Failure — Mon, 25 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion In a Greek population with myocarditis, Chlamydia with viruses was a common finding. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance and PCR proved useful for the detection of myocarditis; EGE and LGE had the best correlation for the development of heart failure. Persistence of the initially detected infective agents was identified in patients who deteriorated further. (Source: European Journal of Heart Failure)

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Variability of parvovirus B19 genotype 2 in plasma products with different compositions in the inactivation sensitivity by liquid‐heating

Vox Sanguinis — Thu, 21 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion Both genotypes 1 and 2 of B19 varied in sensitivity to liquid‐heating and low pH among different plasma preparations. (Source: Vox Sanguinis)

[Parvovirus B19 infection after kidney transplantation.]

Nephrologie and Therapeutique — Mon, 11 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Brodin-Sartorius A, Mekki Y, Bloquel B, Rabant M, Legendre C Prevalence for human parvovirus B19 infection is estimated to be between 2% and 30% in renal transplant recipients. In post-transplant settings, parvovirus B19 infection may occur either as a primary infection or a reactivation. Parvovirus transmission most commonly occurs through respiratory tract but may also result from graft or blood packs contamination. Co-infections with HHV-6 and CMV viruses are frequent. The hallmark symptom is anemia, more rarely pancytopenia and hemophagocytic syndrome. In respect to renal involvement, parvovirus B19 infection has been associated with graft dysfunction in 10% of cases. Both thrombotic microangiopathies and collapsing glomerulopathies have been reported concomitantly with pa...

Parvovirus B19 Pre-mRNA Processing [Gene Regulation]

Journal of Biological Chemistry — Thu, 07 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

We report here that efficient splicing of the B19V pre-mRNA within the first intron (upstream of the (pA)p site) stimulated the polyadenylation; in contrast, splicing of the B19V pre-mRNA within the second intron (in which the (pA)p site resides) interfered with the polyadenylation, leading to the generation of a sufficient number of B19V mRNA transcripts polyadenylated at the distal polyadenylation site ((pA)d). We also found that splicing within the second intron and polyadenylation at the (pA)p site compete during processing of the B19V pre-mRNA. Furthermore, we discovered that the U1 RNA that binds to the 5′ splice donor site of the second intron is fully responsible for inhibiting polyadenylation at the (pA)p site, whereas actual splicing, and perhaps assembly of the functional spli...

Parvovirus B19 presenting with persistent pancytopenia in a patient of T-ALL post induction chemotherapy diagnosed on bone marrow examination.

Indian Journal of Pathology and Microbiology — Fri, 01 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We report the morphological findings of parvovirus B19 infection (confirmed on serology) in a patient of T-acute lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-ALL) who underwent induction phase of chemotherapy (MCP 842 protocol). Persistent pancytopenia in the bone marrow aspirate with mild increase in blasts was thought to be due to failure to achieve marrow remission. However, giant pronormoblasts with prominent intranuclear inclusions confirmed on trephine biopsy led to the suspicion of parvovirus B19 infection which was later confirmed on serology. This case is presented to report the rarely seen classical morphological feature of parvovirus infection on bone marrow examination which was incidentally the first investigation to diagnose the viremic phase of the infection, indicating that a high index of su...

Pure Red Cell Aplasia due to B19 Parvovirus Infection after Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation

Advances in Pharmacological Sciences — Mon, 27 Jun 2011 18:25:28 +0100

We report a patient with Hodgkin's disease who developed PRCA due to parvovirus B19 after autologous SCT and who had an excellent response after treatment with gamma-globulin. (Source: Advances in Pharmacological Sciences)

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Seizure and Hepatosplenomegaly—Rare Manifestation of Parvovirus B-19: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Clinical and Developmental Immunology — Wed, 01 Jun 2011 14:02:16 +0100

We present a 10 month old child with high grade fever for 10 days, generalized tonic-clonic seizure, bilateral cervical lymphadenopathy, generalized maculopapular rash, hematemesis and malena. Bone marrow aspiration and liver biopsy were done. EBV serology and parvovirus PCR were also performed. Bone marrow aspiration and biopsy showed giant pro-erythroblast consistent with parvovirus infection. PCR showed amplification of parvovirus genomic sequences. Present case highlights an atypical presentation of Parvovirus B19 infection as fever, rash and hepatosplenomegaly. (Source: Clinical and Developmental Immunology)

Association of parvovirus b19 infection with systemic lupus erythematosus: role of Th1 predominance.

J Rheumatol — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Park SJ, Kim JH, Ha TS, Shin JI PMID: 21632693 [PubMed - in process] (Source: J Rheumatol)

Genotyping of human parvovirus B19 in clinical samples from Brazil and Paraguay using heteroduplex mobility assay, single-stranded conformation polymorphism and nucleotide sequencing.

Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mendonça MC, Ferreira AM, Santos MG, Oviedo EC, Bello MS, Siqueira MM, Maceira JM, von Hubinger MG, Couceiro JN Heteroduplex mobility assay, single-stranded conformation polymorphism and nucleotide sequencing were utilised to genotype human parvovirus B19 samples from Brazil and Paraguay. Ninety-seven serum samples were collected from individuals presenting with abortion or erythema infectiosum, arthropathies, severe anaemia and transient aplastic crisis; two additional skin samples were collected by biopsy. After the procedure, all clinical samples were classified as genotype 1. PMID: 21739041 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz)

Expression of functional T-cell markers and T-cell receptor Vbeta repertoire in endomyocardial biopsies from patients presenting with acute myocarditis and dilated cardiomyopathy

European Journal of Heart Failure — Tue, 24 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions The T-cell infiltrates in human DCMi are characterized by differential expression of functional T-cell markers indicating Th1, Treg, and CTLs, while no major role could be confirmed for Th17. The virus-associated differential TRBV dominance suggests an antiviral specificity of virus-induced T-cell responses in human DCMi. (Source: European Journal of Heart Failure)

Adult human parvovirus-b19 infection presenting with hearing difficulty and dizziness.

The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine — Fri, 20 May 2011 23:30:03 +0100

In conclusion, we should consider HPV-B19 infection when we evaluate patients with causeless hearing difficulty and dizziness. PMID: 21551982 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine)

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sFlt-1 and PlGF levels in a patient with mirror syndrome related to cytomegalovirus infection

European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology — Thu, 19 May 2011 04:00:00 +0100

In 1892, John M. Ballantyne made the first description of tremendous maternal edema associated with fetal and placental hydrops due to rhesus alloimmunization . In this syndrome the mother “mirrors” the general edema presented by compromised fetus and placenta . Although the first Ballantine's report involved a patient with rhesus alloimmunization, other causes of fetal and placental hydrops have been associated with the disease, such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and parvovirus B19 infections and twin-to-twin transfusion . The complete pathogenesis of “mirror syndrome” is still not very clear, but some authors have recently described the involvement of an anti-angiogenic state . Here, we describe a case of severe preeclampsia at 26 gestational weeks associated with massive placenta and...

Human Parvovirus B19: General considerations and impact on patients with sickle cell disease and thalassemia as well as on blood transfusions

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology — Mon, 16 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractHuman Parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a small (22–24 nm) non‐enveloped DNA virus, belonging to the genus Erythrovirus (family Parvoviridae). Although, it causes generally self‐limiting conditions in healthy people, B19V infection could have different outcome in patients with inherited hemolytic anemias. In such high‐risk individuals, the high‐titer replication may result in bone marrow suppression triggering life‐threatening drop of the hemoglobin values (profound anemia, aplastic crisis). Nevertheless, up to day does not exist a consensus B19V screening program neither for the blood donations used in the hemotherapy, nor for high‐risk patients. Moreover, questions like molecular mechanisms by which B19V produces latency and persistent replication, primary site (sites) of ...

Human parvovirus B19: general considerations and impact on patients with sickle‐cell disease and thalassemia and on blood transfusions

FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology — Mon, 16 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractHuman parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a small (22–24 nm) nonenveloped DNA virus belonging to the genus Erythrovirus (family Parvoviridae). Although it generally causes self‐limiting conditions in healthy people, B19V infection may have a different outcome in patients with inherited hemolytic anemias. In such high‐risk individuals, the high‐titer replication may result in bone marrow suppression, triggering a life‐threatening drop of hemoglobin values (profound anemia, aplastic crisis). To date there is no consensus concerning a B19V screening program either for the blood donations used in the hemotherapy or for high‐risk patients. Moreover, questions such as the molecular mechanisms by which B19V produces latency and persistent replication, the primary site (sites) of B19V i...

Current concepts in serological testing – TTID

ISBT Science Series — Sat, 14 May 2011 20:52:38 +0100

Conclusion In Germany, blood donor screening is performed using parallel serological assays (antigen and antibody detection) and by MP‐NAT for hepatitis B, hepatitis C and HIV‐1. The risk of false‐negative test results due to mutations in primer and probe binding regions is higher for NAT systems than for antibody/antigen detection tests. Therefore, the manufactures of the NAT systems are advised to improve their systems by utilising amplification in at least two conserved regions (dual‐ or triple‐targeting). The diagnostic window period for new screening strategies (e.g., antigen screening for HCV) (Source: ISBT Science Series)

5th disease or slapped cheek disease causes a common toddler and infant rash

Blog from a Pediatrician — Sat, 14 May 2011 04:30:48 +0100

Information and photos of 5th disease, also known as slapped cheek disease, erythema infectiosum and parvovirus infection. (Source: Blog from a Pediatrician)

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Parvovirus B19 infection-related acute hepatitis after rituximab-containing regimen for treatment of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma

Annals of Hematology — Mon, 02 May 2011 15:56:55 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s00277-011-1238-8Authors Shih-Hung Yang, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yunlin, TaiwanLong-Wei Lin, Department of Pathology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yunlin, TaiwanYu-Jen Fang, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yunlin, TaiwanAnn-Lii Cheng, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 7, Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei, TaiwanSung-Hsin Kuo, Department of Oncology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Yun-Lin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan Journal Annals of HematologyOnline ISSN 1432-0584Print ISSN 0939-5555 (Source: Annals of Hematology)

Detection of human herpesvirus 7 infection in young children presenting with exanthema subitum.

Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz — Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, we detected HHV-7 DNA in young children from the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. PMID: 21655829 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz)

False-negative serology in patients with acute parvovirus B19 infection

Journal of Clinical Virology — Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Acute B19V-infection cannot be diagnosed by exclusive analysis of B19V-specific antibodies. Only the combination of assays for detection of B19V-DNA and antibodies enables correct serodiagnosis. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

Attempt to classify the clinical impact of DNA viruses according to the ability to activate the innate immune system

Journal of Medical Virology — Mon, 18 Apr 2011 15:57:54 +0100

AbstractThe innate immune system represents the first barrier a microbe has to meet in order to colonize and infect the host. Even in vertebrates, the adaptive immune system is polarized on the basis of what is sensed by the innate immune system. Viruses interact with cells of the innate immune system mainly via Toll‐like receptors (TLRs): in particular, unmethylated CpG dinucleotides in the genome of DNA viruses can bind TLR9 [Krug et al., 2001] in addition to KIR3DL2 [Sivori et al., 2010]. TLR‐9 binding can have stimulatory or inhibitory effects according to the exact sequence of the CpG motif [Krieg, 2002], and the cumulative effect of stimulatory and inhibitory motifs within a genome has been called the “CpG index.”Extending previous observations by other investigators [Hoelzer...

Ultrasound Diagnosis, Management and Prognosis in a Consecutive Series of 27 Cases of Fetal Hydrops following Maternal Parvovirus B19 Infection

Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy — Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:47:17 +0100

Fetal Diagn Ther (DOI:10.1159/000323821) (Source: Fetal Diagnosis and Therapy)

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Fractalkine in human inflammatory cardiomyopathy

Heart — Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion The cardiac and plasma CX3CL1/CX3CR1 system is upregulated in CMi and this affects the functional potential of PBMCs. Moreover, a direct cardiodepressive effect of CX3CL1 in cardiac tissue was demonstrated since neonatal cardiomyocytes exhibited an attenuated positive chronotropic response to β-adrenergic stimulation. (Source: Heart)

Erythema infectiosum rash.

Indian Pediatrics — Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Sachan D PMID: 21532111 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Indian Pediatrics)

Virus serology in patients with suspected myocarditis: utility or futility?

European Heart Journal — Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions For patients with suspected myocarditis, virus serology has no relevance for the diagnosis of myocardial infection. Endomyocardial biopsy remains the gold standard in the diagnostic of viral myocarditis. (Source: European Heart Journal)

Congenital hypoplasia of the abdominal wall muscles following fetal ascites due to parvovirus B19 infection.

The Ultrasound Review of Obstetrics and Gynecology — Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Macé G, Audry G, Cortey A, Nguyen A, Slaim L, Castaigne V, Garel C, Carbonne B PMID: 21433169 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Ultrasound Review of Obstetrics and Gynecology)

A pilot study on parvovirus B19 infection in paediatric haematological malignancies.

Indian J Med Res — Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Kishore J, Sen M, Kumar A, Kumar A Background & objectives : Leukaemia and lymphoma are common paediatric haematological malignancies acquiring human parvovirus B19 (B19) infection. In some studies anaemia has been found in children with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) during maintenance therapy and rarely in lymphoma. We studied frequency of B19 infection and its implications in new onset acute leukaemia (mostly ALL) and lymphoma in children. Methods: Seventy serum samples from 35 children (age <12 yr, 29 males) newly diagnosed with haematological malignancies (on induction therapy) were collected together with 34 controls (solid tumours). Children were examined clinically and for anti-B19 IgM antibodies by quantitative ELISA and B19 DNA by PCR (VP1-VP2) and nested...

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Transfusion Medicine and the Pregnant Patient

Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America — Tue, 29 Mar 2011 14:23:56 +0100

Alloimmunity in pregnancy is the basis for two of the major complications of pregnancy in transfusion medicine: hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDFN), and fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (FNAIT). Use of Rh(D) immune globulin has dramatically reduced the incidence of HDFN in Rh(D)-mismatched pregnancies. Treatment of HDFN may involve intrauterine transfusion, with fetal and neonatal survival rates of 70% to 90%. Treatments for FNAIT include immune globulin, steroids, or in severe cases, intrauterine platelet transfusions. Transfusion medicine is central to the management of pregnancy-associated complications such as postpartum hemorrhage, parvovirus B19 infection, hemoglobinopathies, and aplastic anemia. (Source: Hematology/Oncology Clinics of North America)

Model structure analysis to estimate basic immunological processes and maternal risk for parvovirus B19

Biostatistics — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

After a steep monotone rise with age, the seroprevalence profiles for human parvovirus B19 (PVB19) display a decrease or plateau between the ages of 20 and 40, in each of 5 European countries. We investigate whether this phenomenon is induced by waning antibodies for PVB19 and, if this is the case, whether secondary infections are plausible, or whether boosting may occur. Several immunological scenarios are tested for PVB19 by fitting different compartmental dynamic transmission models to serological data using data on social contact patterns. The social contact approach has already been shown informative to estimate transmission rates and the basic reproduction number for infections transmitted predominantly through nonsexual social contacts. Our results show that for 4 countries, model s...

The prevalence of human parvovirus B19 DNA and antibodies in blood donors from four Chinese blood centers.

Transfusion — Mon, 07 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Whether B19 NAT screening of blood and blood products should be launched in China, larger studies are needed to facilitate an informed decision. PMID: 21382040 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transfusion)

Parvovirus B19 antibodies and correlates of infection in pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic in central Nigeria.

Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Emiasegen SE, Nimzing L, Adoga MP, Ohagenyi AY, Lekan R Human parvovirus B19 infection is associated with spontaneous abortion, hydrops foetalis, intrauterine foetal death, erythema infectiosum (5th disease), aplastic crisis and acute symmetric polyarthropathy. However, data concerning Nigerian patients with B19 infection have not been published yet. The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of B19 IgG and IgM antibodies, including correlates of infection, among pregnant women attending an antenatal clinic in Nigeria. Subsequent to clearance from an ethical committee, blood samples were collected between August-November 2008 from 273 pregnant women between the ages of 15-40 years who have given their informed consent and completed self-administered questionnair...

Hepatitis Associated Aplastic Anemia: A review

Virology Journal — Mon, 28 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Hepatitis-associated aplastic anemia (HAAA) is an uncommon but distinct variant of aplastic anemia in which pancytopenia appears two to three months after an acute attack of hepatitis. HAAA occurs most frequently in young male children and is lethal if leave untreated. The etiology of this syndrome is proposed to be attributed to various hepatitis and non hepatitis viruses. Several hepatitis viruses such as HAV, HBV, HCV, HDV, HEV and HGV have been associated with this set of symptoms. Viruses other than the hepatitis viruses such as parvovirus B19, Cytomegalovirus, Epstein bar virus, Transfusion Transmitted virus (TTV) and non-A-E hepatitis virus (unknown viruses) has also been documented to develop the syndrome. Considerable evidences including the clinical features, severe imbalance of ...

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Parvovirus B19 infection in pregnancy: new insights and management

Prenatal Diagnosis — Thu, 24 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractIn this article, we review the virology, pathology, epidemiology and clinical spectrum of intrauterine human parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection, including intrauterine fetal death, non‐immune hydrops fetalis, thrombocytopenia and neurological manifestations such as pediatric stroke and perivascular calcifications. In addition, we discuss the new insights into the neurodevelopmental outcome of intrauterine B19V infection. Current diagnosis and management of B19V infection is summarized, including a diagnostic and follow‐up flowchart for practical clinical use. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Prenatal Diagnosis)

Symptomatic parvovirus B19 infection caused by blood component transfusion.

Transfusion — Fri, 18 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Vulnerability to serious B19V-related hematologic disorders depended on the patient's underlying disease state of an enhanced erythropoiesis, not on the viral load of the component transfused. To prevent clinically relevant TT-B19V, a strategy is suggested in which patients at risk of acquiring RBC aplasia or pancytopenia are targeted. PMID: 21332725 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transfusion)

Parvovirus B19 infection antedating Guillain–Barre’ syndrome variant with prominent facial diplegia

Journal of Neurology — Thu, 17 Feb 2011 08:13:43 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-2DOI 10.1007/s00415-011-5949-5Authors Filippo Barbi, Department of Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via P. Giardini, 1350, 41010 Modena, ItalyAlessandra Ariatti, Department of Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via P. Giardini, 1350, 41010 Modena, ItalyKei Funakoshi, Department of Neurology, Dokkyo University, Tochigi, JapanMarisa Meacci, Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Modena, Modena, ItalyMasaaki Odaka, Department of Neurology, Dokkyo University, Tochigi, JapanGiuliana Galassi, Department of Neurosciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via P. Giardini, 1350, 41010 Modena, Italy Journal Journal of NeurologyOnline ISSN 1432-1459Print ISSN 0340-5354 (Source: Journal of Neurology)

Prevalence and association of human parvovirus B19V with hepatitis B and C viruses in Nigeria

Journal of Medical Virology — Wed, 16 Feb 2011 08:12:39 +0100

In this study parvovirus B19 antibodies and DNA were investigated in serum samples from 76 patients with HBV infection, 17 with HBV/HCV co‐infection and 44 healthy controls. In the sera from patients with HBV infection, anti‐B19V IgM and IgG antibodies were detected in 24/76 (32%) and 25/76 (33%), in 6/17 (35%) and 8/17 (47%) of HBV/HCV co‐infected patients, and in 14/44 (32%) and 12/44 (12%) of a non‐hepatitis healthy controls, respectively. B19V DNA was detected in 8/76 (11%) of patients with HBV infection and in 3/17 (18%) of patients with a HBV/HCV co‐infection, and in 4/44 (9%) healthy controls. The occurrence of parvovirus B19 DNA was significantly higher in patients with symptomatic HBV 4/20 (20%) compared to asymptomatic HBV carrier 4/56 (7%) (P < 0.05). Ten of the...

Viral detection in hydrops fetalis, spontaneous abortion, and unexplained fetal death in utero

Journal of Medical Virology — Wed, 16 Feb 2011 08:12:37 +0100

This study was undertaken to investigate the occurrence of viral infection in fetal death by examining tissues for the presence of DNA of several viral agents. Tissue specimens including heart, kidney, liver, lung, and placenta of 73 cases of fetal death were examined with 27 cases of elective termination of pregnancy as a control group. DNA extracted from these samples was tested for the presence of HSV, CMV, EBV, VZV, HHV‐6, HHV‐7, and PVB19. Viral DNA was found in one or more tissue samples from 25/73 cases (34%): CMV in 20, HSV in 5, parvovirus B19 in 5, HHV‐7 in 3, and HHV‐6 in 2. The presence of HHV‐6 in fetal tissue has been reported rarely. No study so far has reported the detection of HHV‐7 in fetal tissues with normal or adverse outcomes. Viral DNA was not found in an...

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Distribution of parvovirus B19 DNA in blood compartments and persistence of virus in blood donors.

Transfusion — Tue, 08 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The WB-to-plasma B19V DNA ratio varies by stage of infection, with 30-fold higher concentrations of B19V DNA in WB relative to plasma during the IgM-positive stage of infection followed by comparable levels during persistent infection when only IgG is present. Further study is required to determine if this is related to the presence of circulating DNA-positive RBCs derived from B19V-infected erythroblasts, B19V-specific IgM-mediated binding of virus to cells, or other factors. PMID: 21303368 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transfusion)

Mononeuropathy multiplex associated with acute parvovirus B19 infection: characteristics, treatment and outcome

Journal of Neurology — Thu, 03 Feb 2011 07:14:50 +0100

Abstract To describe the characteristics of peripheral neuropathy related to acute parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection. We reviewed clinical, electrophysiological and histological data of three patients with peripheral neuropathy and positive B19V detection (IgG, IgM and PCR) compatible with acute infection. The neuropathy fulfilled criteria for mononeuropathy multiplex (MM). It could be preceded by or concurrent with a limited purpuric eruption, but systemic manifestations were absent. The first neurological symptoms were always sensory and localized in a hand. Neuropathy was initially limited to a restricted sensory part of a nerve trunk territory. The course was subacute with successive and asymmetric injury of the limb and cranial nerves. Electromyographic study confirmed ...

Investigation of bacterial and viral agents and immune status in Behcet’s disease patients from Iran

APLAR Journal of Rheumatology — Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Although no significant association of BD was detected with a single pathogen, our findings suggest that detection of HSV DNA or Chlamydiae would rather argue against classic BD. Whether there is a discriminative potential of the tested immune mediators/receptors has to be elucidated in further studies. (Source: APLAR Journal of Rheumatology)

Fetal Parvovirus B19 Infection Presenting With Nonimmune Hydrops Fetalis

Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography — Wed, 26 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Parvovirus B19 is an easily transmitted virus that is common in young children but can infect gravid women if they do not have immunity. If this virus crosses the placenta and becomes a fetal infection, it can be potentially fatal to the fetus. This case report depicts the diagnosis and subsequent treatment of a fetus infected with parvovirus B19. (Source: Journal of Diagnostic Medical Sonography)

[Ballantyne syndrome caused by materno-fetal Parvovirus B19 infection: About two cases.]

Journal de Gynecologie, Obstetrique et Biologie de la Reproduction — Tue, 25 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

We report two cases of Ballantyne syndrome associated with materno-fetal Parvovirus B19 infection. In the first case, the syndrome occurred at 26GW in a context of premature rupture of membranes. Parents and medical staff opted for termination of pregnancy because of the poor fetal prognosis. Maternal symptoms regressed after delivery. In the second case, the patient presented a Ballantyne's syndrome at 25GW. Intrauterine transfusions reversed symptomatology. Fetal hydrops of any etiology can be associated with this syndrome. Specific treatment of the fetus can avoid maternal complication allowing continuation of the pregnancy. PMID: 21273007 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal de Gynecologie, Obstetrique et Biologie de la Reproduction)

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Clinical Aspects of Intravenous Immunoglobulin Use in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients

American Journal of Transplantation — Mon, 10 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Intravenous immunoglobulin products (IVIG) are derived from pooled human plasma from thousands of donors and have been used for the treatment of primary immunodeficiency disorders for nearly 30 years. IVIG products are also effective in the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders, however the precise mechanism(s) of immune modulation are unknown. Recent data suggests that IVIG has a much broader ability to regulate cellular immunity, including innate and adaptive components. IVIG is also a recently recognized modifier of complement activation and injury. These attributes suggests IVIG would have clinical applications in solid organ transplantation. Analysis of clinical studies examining the use of IVIG in desensitization protocols and for treatment of antibody‐mediated rejecti...

Parvovirus B19 Infection in Hashimoto's Thyroiditis, Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma, and Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

Thyroid — Wed, 29 Dec 2010 18:21:00 +0100

Thyroid , Vol. 0, No. 0. (Source: Thyroid)

Real-time polymerase chain reaction detection of parvovirus B19 DNA in blood donations using a commercial and an in-house assay.

Transfusion — Wed, 22 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: This study shows that 3.8% of the viremic B19 DNA-positive donations are not quantified correctly by the Roche or in-house B19 DNA assays. B19 Genotype 1 isolates showing incorrect test results are more common than B19 Genotype 2 or 3 isolates. Newly designed B19 PCR assays for blood screening should preferably have multiplexed formats targeting multiple regions of the B19 genome. PMID: 21175647 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transfusion)

Congenital hypoplasia of the abdominal wall muscles following fetal ascites due to parvovirus B19 infection

Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology — Fri, 10 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology)

Congenital hypoplasia of the abdominal wall muscles following fetal ascites due to parvovirus B19 infection.

The Ultrasound Review of Obstetrics and Gynecology — Fri, 10 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Macé G, Audry G, Cortey A, Nguyen A, Slaim L, Castaigne V, Garel C, Carbonne B PMID: 21154785 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The Ultrasound Review of Obstetrics and Gynecology)

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Extensive hepatic portal venous gas and gastric emphysema after successful resuscitation

Resuscitation — Mon, 06 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

A 25-year-old male soccer player was admitted to the emergency department (ED) after a ventricular fibrillation out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) caused probably by previously unrecognized parvovirus B19-positive myocarditis. The patient collapsed without prodrome just before the start of a match but no basic life support was provided. After 80min of resuscitation with fractionated administration of 14mg adrenaline the return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) could be achieved by the emergency medical services personnel. Physical findings in the ED included a distended abdomen and the absence of bowel sounds. Contrast enhanced computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen revealed hepatic portal venous gas and band-like pneumatoses in the gastric wall (a), air in the portal confluence and pe...

Childhood chorea-encephalopathy associated with recent parvovirus B19 infection in two Jamaican children.

Annals of Tropical Paediatrics — Thu, 02 Dec 2010 13:45:03 +0100

Authors: Chambers RH, Gooden MA, Gilbert TD, Jackson ST This case report highlights the course of two healthy unrelated children with an encephalopathy characterised by dyskinesia, seizures, hemiparesis and behavioural change associated with recent human parvovirus B19 infection. The cases are compared with a previously described case of childhood chorea encephalopathy associated with human parvovirus B19 infection. PMID: 21118630 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of Tropical Paediatrics)

Acute hemorrhagic edema of childhood after H1N1 immunization.

Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology — Thu, 02 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ferreira O, Antunes I, Cruz MJ, Mota A, Bettencourt H, Canelhas A, Azevedo F Acute hemorrhagic edema (AHE) is an uncommon self-limited disorder affecting young children triggered by infection, drugs, or immunization. A 2-year-old boy was observed due to sudden onset of painful and edematous purpuric papular and plaque lesions of the face and upper extremities that started 2 weeks after H1N1 immunization. The patient also developed exuberant edema on the face and dorsum of the hands. Complete blood count, biochemistry, and urinalysis results were normal. Histopathological examination revealed perivascular and periadnexial lymphocytic infiltrate with neutrophils and eosinophils, and leukocytoclastic vasculitis. Blood PCR technique was negative to several viruses, namely adenovir...

[Viral arthritides.]

Zeitschrift fur Rheumatologie — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Märker-Hermann E, Schütz N, Bauer H Viruses are common etiologic agents of acute polyarthritis worldwide. Rheumatic symptoms are often accompanied by other viral symptoms such as fever, rash, myalgia or nausea, but isolated arthritis may occur resembling or imitating early rheumatoid arthritis. In Europe and North America, the most common arthritogenic viruses include parvovirus B19, rubella, hepatitis B and C, whereas mosquito-borne alpha-viruses are endemic in Africa, Australia, the western Pacific and South America. The latter have attracted the interest of European rheumatologists due to the increasing number of tourists travelling to these regions. Viruses may cause arthritis via various mechanisms, including direct synovial infection leading to cell lysis, immune compl...

[Parvovirus B19-induced Pure Red Cell Aplasia in a Liver Transplant Recipient.]

The Korean Journal of Laboratory Medicine — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We report the first case of liver transplant recipient with parvovirus B19-induced pure red cell aplasia in Korea. A 57-yr-old female patient with hepatocellular carcinoma due to hepatitis C virus received a liver transplantation. Two months later, anemia developed and she received periodic red blood cell transfusions. However, chronic anemia persisted and bone marrow examination was performed 8 months after transplantation. Bone marrow aspiration smears showed markedly reduced erythroid precursors with atypical giant pronormoblasts and nuclear remnants with viral inclusions, and characteristic lantern cells were observed in biopsy sections. In addition, parvovirus B19 DNA PCR was positive. She was diagnosed as parvovirus B19-induced pure red cell aplasia and her anemia was improved follow...

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Cluster of parvovirus infection among hospital staff working in coronary care units.

J Formos Med Assoc — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Chen YC, Chen MY, Lu CY, Chang HH, Hung CC, Chen MY, Chen ML Parvovirus B19 is associated with erythema infectiosum in children or arthralgia and arthritis in adults. The virus is relatively conserved and nucleotide identity is expected in viruses that are epidemiologically related. Here, we describe the first cluster of parvovirus infection among hospital staff documented in Taiwan. PMID: 21195886 [PubMed - in process] (Source: J Formos Med Assoc)

Erythrocytic transglutaminase inhibition hemolysis at presentation of celiac disease.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Sat, 27 Nov 2010 20:55:08 +0100

Authors: Ivanovski P, Nikolić D, Dimitrijević N, Ivanovski I, Perišić V Celiac disease (CD) is a common autoimmune condition. Previously it was considered to be a rare childhood disorder, but is actually considered a relatively common condition, present at any age, which may have multiple complications and manifestations. Hematological disorders of the disease are not uncommon. Among these disorders, the most frequently reported are anemias as a result of iron deficiency, often associated with folate and/or B12 deficiency. Anemias caused by hemolysis are very rarely reported in celiac patients. An 11-year-old girl with a previous uneventful medical history presented with severe hemolytic anemia. Hemolysis was Coombs negative, accompanied by inappropriate low reticulocyte count, des...

Parvovirus B19 – Revised

Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy : Last 20 articles — Thu, 25 Nov 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Transfus Med Hemother 2010;37:339–350 (DOI:10.1159/000322190) (Source: Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy : Last 20 articles)

Identification and characterization of acute infection with parvovirus B19 genotype 2 in immunocompromised patients in Poland

Journal of Medical Virology — Thu, 25 Nov 2010 16:28:15 +0100

AbstractParvovirus B19 (B19V) is divided into three genotypes. Genotypes 2 and 3 may cause diagnostic difficulties and their epidemiology is not well understood. In the present study the prevalence of B19V genotypes in patients with symptomatic infection in Poland was evaluated and the course of infection in patients infected with non‐genotype 1 strains is described. Real‐time PCR, able to detect all three genotypes of B19V was used to screen patient plasma samples. Sixty‐nine, mainly acute‐phase B19V DNA positive cases were identified in patients from hematological and obstetric/gynecological wards between 2004 and 2008. Thirty patients were studied in greater detail and genotyping was performed by analysis of the NS1/VP1u region. The majority of samples were genotype 1. However t...

Acute parvovirus B19 infection frequently causes non-specificity in Borrelia, and less often in Salmonella and Campylobacter serology - a problem of diagnosis of infectious arthropathy.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology — Wed, 24 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Tuuminen T, Hedman K, Söderlund-Venermo M, Seppälä I Several infectious agents may cause arthritis or arthropathy. For example, infection with Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease, may in the late phase manifest as arthropathy. Infections with Campylobacter, Salmonella or Yersinia may result in a postinfectious reactive arthritis. Acute infection with parvovirus B19 (B19V) may likewise initiate transient or chronic arthropathy. All these conditions may be clinically indistinguishable from rheumatoid arthritis. Here, we present evidence that acute B19V infection may elicit IgM antibodies that are polyspecific or cross-reactive with a variety of bacterial antigens. Their presence may lead to misdiagnosis and improper clinical management, exemplified here ...

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Parvovirus B19 infection and autoimmune hepatitis in a child with sickle cell anemia

Pediatric Blood and Cancer — Thu, 11 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Pediatric Blood and Cancer)

Neutropenia in parvovirus B19-associated pure red cell aplasia

Annals of Hematology — Thu, 04 Nov 2010 17:46:58 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s00277-010-1108-9Authors Ja-Young Seo, Departments of Laboratory Medicine & Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Ilwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea 135-710Hee-Jin Kim, Departments of Laboratory Medicine & Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Ilwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea 135-710Sun-Hee Kim, Departments of Laboratory Medicine & Genetics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 50 Ilwon-dong, Gangnam-gu, Seoul, South Korea 135-710 Journal Annals of HematologyOnline ISSN 1432-0584Print ISSN 0939-5555 (Source: Annals of Hematology)

[Two cases of baboon-like exanthema in primary parvovirus B19 infection.]

Annales de Dermatologie et de Cenereologie — Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We report two cases of parvovirus infection presenting as flexural erythema of baboon syndrome induced by various drugs, but associated with purpuric or oedematous features. CASE REPORTS: A pregnant 23-year-old woman at 39weeks of amenorrhoea and a 49-year-old woman consulted for flexural eruption in a setting of fever. In both cases, clinical examination revealed erythematosus rash in the major skin folds, with vesicles and elements of purpura in the former patient and bullous oedema in the latter. In both cases, the diagnosis of primary parvovirus B19 infection was confirmed by positive PCR screening of viral genome and by seroconversion after two weeks. The skin lesions regressed spontaneously within several days. DISCUSSION: Although initially linked solely with systemic drug toxicity,...

Prevalence of nucleic acid sequences specific for human parvoviruses, hepatitis A and hepatitis E viruses in coagulation factor concentrates

Vox Sanguinis — Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion The data show that nucleic acids from several relevant nonenveloped viruses are not found at detectable levels in coagulation factor concentrates. In some cases, parvovirus B19 DNA was detectable at low levels. Testing of the plasma pools for the full range of parvovirus genotypes is advocated for ensuring product safety. (Source: Vox Sanguinis)

Hematological consequences of pandemic influenza H1N1 infection: a single center experience.

The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics — Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

In this study, a total of 31 consecutive pediatric patients, with and without chronic diseases, who had flu symptoms and were confirmed to have pandemic influenza, were evaluated for hematological consequences upon presentation to hospital. Eight (25.8%) patients had leukopenia and six (19.4%) had thrombocytopenia at the time of diagnosis of H1N1 infection. Pandemic influenza H1N1 infection may cause diverse hematological findings, including cytopenias and hemophagocytosis. PMID: 21428187 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Turkish Journal of Pediatrics)

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Slapped Face Syndrome In Pregnancy Heightens Risk Of Fetal Complications

Health News from Medical News Today — Sun, 24 Oct 2010 07:00:00 +0100

Pregnant women who develop 'slapped face syndrome' have a 30 percent chance of passing it onto their unborn baby and during the first trimester the risk of fetal complications is heightened, says a new review published in BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 'Slapped face syndrome' is caused by a virus called parvovirus B19. The virus blocks the development of red blood cells and induces inflammation forming the characteristic facial rash. Transmission of the virus is by respiratory droplets for example sneezing and coughing... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Comparison of Th‐cell immunity against human bocavirus and parvovirus B19: proliferation and cytokine responses are similar in magnitude but more closely interrelated with human bocavirus

Scandinavian Journal of Immunology — Sat, 23 Oct 2010 23:40:45 +0100

Abstract (Source: Scandinavian Journal of Immunology)

Childhood myocarditis and parvovirus B19 genotypes

Journal of Clinical Virology — Thu, 21 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Viral myocarditis is a frequently unrecognized cause of post-inflammatory cardiomyopathy. The detailed molecular analyses do not give rise to virological markers associated with myocarditis in these children. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

Epidemiology of high‐level parvovirus B19 viraemia among Dutch blood donors, 2003–2009

Vox Sanguinis — Sat, 16 Oct 2010 09:29:16 +0100

Background and Objectives (Source: Vox Sanguinis)

Pregnancy Loss Ascribable to Parvovirus B19/Erythrovirus Is Associated with a High Prevalence of Trisomy

Karger Publishers — Fri, 15 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Gynecol Obstet Invest 2010;70:328–334 (DOI:10.1159/000314024) (Source: Karger Publishers)

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Human parvovirus PARV4 DNA in tissues from adult individuals: a comparison with human parvovirus B19(B19V)

Virology Journal — Thu, 14 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The particular tropism of PARV4 for liver and heart, here emerged, suggests to focus further studies on these tissues as possible target for viral replication and on the possible role of PARV4 infection in liver and heart diseases. Neither bone marrow nor kidney seem to be a common target of viral replication. (Source: Virology Journal)

Parvovirus B19 infection in human pregnancy

BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology — Thu, 14 Oct 2010 04:04:25 +0100

Please cite this paper as: (Source: BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology)

Parvovirus-Mediated Fetal Cardiomyopathy With Atrioventricular Nodal Disease

Pediatric Cardiology — Mon, 11 Oct 2010 05:53:55 +0100

This report presents a case of fetal second-degree heart block and cardiomyopathy secondary to API. A 19-year-old G4P1112 (gravida 4 para 2 with 1 term delivery, 1 preterm delivery, 1 termination, and 2 living children) was referred at 20 weeks gestation for fetal bradycardia. A 2:1 atrioventricular block was identified by fetal echocardiography at 23 weeks. Hydrops developed at 25 weeks. Amniocentesis and percutaneous umbilical blood sampling demonstrated API. At 31 weeks, the patient presented with preterm labor and delivered a viable female infant, who died of poor cardiac function and arrhythmia on the first day of life. In addition to fetal anemia and hydrops fetalis, API in pregnancy may cause direct fetal myocardial damage and conduction system disease. ...

First Duplex Test for Parvovirus B19 and Hepatitis A Virus Increases Safety of Human Plasma and Plasma Products

Roche Investor Update — Mon, 04 Oct 2010 07:30:00 +0100

cobas TaqScreen DPX Test offers real-time discrimination in a single assay. Roche announced today that the cobas TaqScreen DPX Test for use on the cobas s 201 system is now available with the CE Mark. It is the first IVD test to offer complete coverage of all human genotypes of parvovirus B19 (B19V) and hepatitis A virus (HAV) in one assay. The test is a state-of-the-art, in-vitro nucleic acid amplification technology (NAT) test which simultaneously quantifies B19V genotypes 1, 2 and 3 DNA and detects HAV genotypes I, II and III RNA in individual samples or pooled plasma samples of human origin. (Source: Roche Investor Update)

Pharmacokinetic comparability of Prolastin(R)-C to Prolastin(R) in alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency: a randomized study

BioMed Central — Wed, 29 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Prolastin-C demonstrated pharmacokinetic equivalence and a comparable safety profile to Prolastin.Trial Registration: ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT00295061 (Source: BioMed Central)

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Aplastic Crisis Induced by Human Parvovirus B19 Infection as an Initial Presentation of Hereditary Spherocytosis

Indian Journal of Pediatrics — Sat, 25 Sep 2010 05:59:51 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s12098-010-0204-0Authors Betul Tavil, Department of Pediatric Hematology, Dıskapı Children’s Education and Training Hospital, 6110 Ankara, TurkeySemanur Ozdel, Department of Pediatric Hematology, Dıskapı Children’s Education and Training Hospital, 6110 Ankara, TurkeySerdar Ozkasap, Department of Pediatric Hematology, Dıskapı Children’s Education and Training Hospital, 6110 Ankara, TurkeyNese Yarali, Department of Pediatric Hematology, Dıskapı Children’s Education and Training Hospital, 6110 Ankara, TurkeyBahattin Tunc, Department of Pediatric Hematology, Dıskapı Children’s Education and Training Hospital, 6110 Ankara, Turkey Journal Indian Journal of PediatricsOnline ISSN 0973-7693Print ISSN 0019-5456 (Source: Indian Jo...

Epstein-Barr virus in bone marrow of rheumatoid arthritis patients predicts response to rituximab treatment

Rheumatology — Fri, 10 Sep 2010 16:54:58 +0100

Conclusions. EBV and parvovirus genomes are frequently found in bone marrow of RA patients. The presence of EBV genome was associated with a better clinical response to RTX. Thus, presence of EBV genome may predict clinical response to RTX. (Source: Rheumatology)

Pure red cell aplasia caused by parvovirus B19 in two patients without chronic hemolysis

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy — Tue, 07 Sep 2010 06:29:40 +0100

We report two patients with PVB19-associated PRCA confirmed by positivity of viral DNA. Although they had no chronic hemolysis, patient 1 had IDA, and patient 2 had remitted small-lymphocytic lymphoma treated with rituximab-containing chemotherapy. Absence of reticulocytes in peripheral blood and marked depletion of erythroid precursors in bone marrow were observed both. Whereas patient 1 received only symptomatic therapy because anemia was not severe, patient 2 was treated with steroids, as PRCA etiology was at first uncertain, and immunological PRCA was not excluded. Both showed rapid increase of reticulocyte counts and recovery from anemia. Although immunoglobulin is considered effective for parvoviral PRCA, notable adverse reactions have been reported. When anemic symptom is not...

Impact of parvovirus B19 infection on paediatric patients with haematological and/or oncological disorders

Clinical Microbiology and Infection — Fri, 03 Sep 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Clin Microbiol InfectAbstractTo determine the frequency and the impact of parvovirus B19 (B19V) infection and its influence on the course of haematological and/or oncological diseases in paediatric patients, consecutive serum and bone marrow samples from 110 were analyzed for markers of acute, past and persistent B19V‐infection using qPCR, ELISA and WesternLine. Twenty‐seven out of 110 (24.5%) children suffered from non‐malignant diseases (anaemia, pancytopenia, autoimmune disorders); 68/110 (61.8%) patients had developed leukaemia, malignant lymphoma or solid malignant tumours; 15/110 patients (13.6%) presented with other symptoms. At admission, B19V‐specific IgM and IgG indicating acute or previous B19V‐infection were observed in 5 (4.5%) and 48 patients (43.6%), respectively. ...

Impact of Parvovirus B19 Infection on Pediatric Patients with Hematologic and/or Oncologic Disorders

Clinical Microbiology and Infection — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection)

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Hydroa Vacciniforme with Mucosal Involvement and Recalcitrant Periodontitis and Multiple Virus Re-activators after Sun-exposure.

Acta Derm Venereol A... — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

This report describes a rare case of hydroa vacciniforme with mucosal involvement and periodontal disease accompanied by multiple local virus re-activation. PMID: 20814626 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Acta Derm Venereol A...)

Immune reconstitution to parvovirus B19 and resolution of anemia in a patient treated with highly active antiretroviral therapy

Journal of Infection and Chemotherapy — Thu, 26 Aug 2010 18:13:00 +0100

We present the case of a man with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome who developed severe transfusion-dependent anemia and was seropositive and borderline positive for immunoglobulin-M and IgG antibodies against PVB19, respectively. PVB19-DNA was also detected in his serum. The patient was diagnosed with pure red cell anemia (PRCA) caused by a primary PVB19 infection and was treated with periodical blood transfusions. However, he subsequently tested negative for IgG antibodies and developed chronic severe anemia with high levels of PVB19 viremia. This indicated a transition from primary to persistent infection. After initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy, the patient showed an inflammatory reaction with rapid deterioration of anemia and seroconversion of the IgG antibody...

Risk of fetal hydrops and non-hydropic late intrauterine fetal death after gestational parvovirus B19 infection

Journal of Clinical Virology — Sun, 22 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that although adverse fetal outcome is a rare complication of gestational B19 infection, a relevant risk of fetal hydrops exists particularly for women infected between 9 and 20 weeks’ gestation. Cases of B19-derived non-hydropic late intrauterine fetal death were not observed in the present study. (Source: Journal of Clinical Virology)

Chronic hepatitis caused by persistent parvovirus B19 infection

BMC Infectious Diseases — Thu, 19 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: In this case report, we describe the current knowledge on the natural history and pathogenesis of parvovirus B19 infection, and discuss the existing evidence of parvovirus B19 as a cause of acute and chronic hepatitis. We suggest that parvovirus B19 was the direct cause of this patient's chronic hepatitis, and that she had an idiopathic lymphopenia, which may have predisposed her to persistent infection, rather than bone marrow depression secondary to infection. In addition, we propose that her liver involvement may have represented a viral reservoir. Finally, we suggest that clinicians should be aware of parvovirus B19 as an unusual aetiology of chronic hepatitis, when other causes have been ruled out. (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)

Viral Endomyocardial Infection Is an Independent Predictor and Potentially Treatable Risk Factor for Graft Loss and Coronary Vasculopathy in Pediatric Cardiac Transplant Recipients

Journal of the American College of Cardiology — Fri, 06 Aug 2010 05:15:45 +0100

Conclusions: Viral endomyocardial infection is an independent predictor of graft loss in pediatric cardiac transplant recipients. This effect appears to be mediated through premature development of advanced TCAD. IVIG therapy in this subgroup may improve survival and merits further investigation. (Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology)

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Clinical findings in parvovirus B19 infection in 30 adult patients in Kyoto

Modern Rheumatology — Tue, 03 Aug 2010 14:52:19 +0100

Abstract To relate the clinical findings of parvovirus B19 infection to the phase of the disease, we performed a retrospective chart review of 30 adult patients who tested positive for IgM antibody against parvovirus B19 at our hospital from March 2003 to November 2008. Median patient age was 38 years, with 86.7% aged between 26 and 45 years. The male-to-female ratio was 4:26 (86.7% female). Symptoms in the first phase were mainly flu-like, including fever, headache, or myalgia. Symptoms in the second phase were arthralgia in 24 (85.7%) and rash in 23 (82.1%). Fever was observed in 21 (70.0%), and 22 (75.9%) were found to be lymphopenic. The onsets in 73.3% of cases were concentrated within 10.1% of the study period, an observation nearly consistent with an outbr...

Parvovirus B19 and C-reactive protein in blood bank donors: implications for hygiene hypothesis research.

Lupus — Sun, 01 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

This study examines the hypothesis that past infection with parvovirus B19, a common childhood infection, is associated with altered levels of subclinical inflammatory activity in presumably healthy adults. Qualitative anti-parvovirus B19 IgG antibody and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were determined in serum samples from adult blood bank donors. C-reactive protein values of B19 IgG-positive and B19 IgG-negative groups were compared. Analysis was performed on 282 blood bank donor serum samples. Among donors aged 17-49 years (n = 152), B19 IgG-positive samples (57.9%) were associated with significantly lower C-reactive protein levels compared with B19 IgG-negative samples (median C-reactive protein: 1.30 mg/l vs. 2.65 mg/l; p = 0.012 unadjusted (Mann-Whitney U-test); p = 0.014 adjuste...

Standardization of B19 IgG ELISA to study the seroepidemiology of parvovirus B19 in North Indian voluntary blood donors

Asian Journal of Transfusion Science — Sun, 01 Aug 2010 05:55:52 +0100

Conclusions : Seroprevalence to B19 in normal voluntary blood donors was low leaving a large proportion of north Indians susceptible to B19 infection. (Source: Asian Journal of Transfusion Science)

Prenatal diagnosis of obstructive hydrocephalus associated with parvovirus b19 infection.

Obstetrics and Gynecology — Thu, 29 Jul 2010 19:45:53 +0100

CONCLUSION:: Evaluation of fetal obstructive hydrocephalus should include maternal serological tests for parvovirus B19. PMID: 20664440 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Obstetrics and Gynecology)

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[Detection of B19 parvovirus in plasma pools before solvent-detergent treatment of plasma: AFSSAPS and EFS Aquitaine-Limousin's experience.]

Transfusion Clinique et Biologique — Wed, 28 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Petermann R, Piquet Y, Lapeyre M, Goujon N, Gauthier M, Lalanne V, Mouillot L, Tissier MH, Boiron JM Since 1998, the Aquitaine-Limousin branch of the French Blood Institute has set up a parvovirus B19 (PV B19) systematic screening on each unit of plasma to be treated by solvent-detergent procedure for virus inactivation. Parvovirus B19 nucleic acid systematic testing in plasma pools became mandatory since 2005 (European monograph "Human plasma" - pooled and treated for virus inactivation). The French competent state authority (AFSSAPS) has decided to introduce this test as a part of the external quality control of labile blood products. This process is related to the harmonization of quality control practice realised on blood products in Europe even if the human plasma pooled ...

Recipients potentially infected with parvovirus B19 by red blood cell products.

Transfusion — Thu, 15 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: B19 transmission by cellular blood products correlates with the virus concentration and the concentration of neutralizing antibodies. Thus, blood donor screening for B19 by minipool NAT should be done to supply at-risk patients (e.g., immunosuppressed patients) with B19-negative blood components. PMID: 20663115 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transfusion)

Ciclosporin/mycophenolate mofetil/prednisolone: Pure red cell aplasia secondary to parvovirus B19 infection: case report

Reactions — Thu, 15 Jul 2010 06:25:48 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Severe transfusion-transmitted parvovirus B19 infection in a naive immunocompromised patient

Transplant Infectious Disease — Wed, 14 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

A. Brodin-Sartorius, Y. Mekki, M. Pastural, G. Billaud, S. Daoud, C. Chauvet, J.-L. Touraine, B. Lina, E. Morelon, O. Thaunat. Severe transfusion-transmitted parvovirus B19 infection in a naive immunocompromised patient.Transpl Infect Dis 2010. All rights reserved. (Source: Transplant Infectious Disease)

Pericarditis and pleuritis associated with human parvovirus B19 infection in a systemic lupus erythematosus patient

Modern Rheumatology — Tue, 06 Jul 2010 17:01:25 +0100

We present an SLE patient showing pericarditis and pleuritis with a fever and an acute swelling of extremities 2 months after the fist consultation. Initially, a diagnosis of SLE exacerbation was made. Additional laboratory examination showed positive results for immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody to PVB19 and PVB19 DNA in serum and pleural effusion at that time. After 1 month, PVB19 DNA in serum and IgM antibody to PVB19 was negative. Based on these findings, a final diagnosis of PVB19 infection in an SLE patient was made. PVB19 infection should be taken into consideration for SLE with acute swelling of the extremities and fever, as these symptoms are often observed in adult cases of PVB19 infection. Steroid pulse therapy rapidly improved these symptoms, and later the dose o...

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Intravenous Immune Globulin: Clinical Applications in the Newborn

NeoReviews recent issues — Thu, 01 Jul 2010 15:00:42 +0100

Intravenous immune globulin (IVIG) is manufactured from plasma isolated from healthy blood donors and includes mostly immunoglobulin G (IgG). IVIG is approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in a variety of diseases in adults and children, although there are no FDA-approved uses of IVIG in newborns. Off-label use of IVIG in newborns includes prophylaxis against infections in low-birthweight infants and treatment of neonatal alloimmune diseases such as hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT). More recently, IVIG has been used in parvovirus B19 infection, hemochromatosis, and neonatal Kawasaki disease. The mechanism of action of IVIG includes antibody-specific immunity as well as mechanisms triggered via IgG bindi...

Severe transfusion‐transmitted parvovirus B19 infection in a naive immunocompromised patient

Transplant Infectious Disease — Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Transplant Infectious Disease)

Bilateral Holmes–Adie syndrome as an early manifestation of the HIV neuropathy

Neurological Sciences — Tue, 22 Jun 2010 14:04:12 +0100

Abstract A 38-year-old HIV-1 infected woman affected with bilateral tonic pupils. Ophthalmologic examination confirmed Holmes–Adie syndrome (HAS), and peripheral distal polyneuropathy, orthostatic hypotension and leg hyperhidrosis were detected on further workup. The HAS can be either idiopathic or associated with neuropathy of various etiology (autoimmune, paraneoplastic and infectious). In our patient, the pupillotonia was the first and early symptom of hitherto unrecognized HIV neuropathy. HAS has been previously observed in association with syphilis, Lyme borreliosis, herpes simplex and parvovirus B19 infection. Our case is the first report of HAS in a case of HIV infection. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case ReportDOI 10.1007/s10072-010-0355-9Authors Ru...

Low level myocardial parvovirus B19 persistence is a frequent finding in patients with heart disease but unrelated to ongoing myocardial injury

Journal of Medical Virology — Mon, 21 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

While myocardial parvovirus B19 (B19V), aside from enteroviruses (EV) and adenoviruses (ADV), has recently been found often in patients with myocarditis and idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC), the pathogenetic significance of B19V genomes in those patients has not yet been sufficiently elucidated. In the present study, left ventricular endomyocardial biopsies from 24 patients with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) below 55% due to IDC, and tissue from the right atrial appendage of 10 control patients undergoing bypass surgery with normal LVEF (>55%) were investigated for B19V, ADV, and EV genomes by specific nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR), by real time PCR or by reverse-transcription PCR, respectively. The myocardial tissue samples from the 10 controls were analyzed ea...

Seroepidemiology of parvovirus B19 in the Frankfurt am Main area, Germany: evaluation of risk factors

Infection — Thu, 17 Jun 2010 09:18:40 +0100

Conclusion The seroprevalence of parvovirus B19 in patients admitted to the University Hospital in Frankfurt a.M. was, on average, lower than that among the general population in Germany. Infection among patients in specific risk groups did not spread more than that in age-matched non-selected patients, with the exception of the group of immunocompromised patients. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical and Epidemiological StudyDOI 10.1007/s15010-010-0035-yAuthors C. Reinheimer, JW Goethe University Hospital Institute for Medical Virology 60596 Frankfurt am Main GermanyR. Allwinn, JW Goethe University Hospital Institute for Medical Virology 60596 Frankfurt am Main GermanyH. W. Doerr, JW Goethe University Hospital Institute for Medical Virology 60596 Frankfurt...

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Toxoplasmosis, Parvovirus, and Cytomegalovirus in Pregnancy

Clinics in Laboratory Medicine — Tue, 15 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

This article reviews the modes of transmission as well as maternal and neonatal effects of each of these infections. In addition, recommended testing, fetal surveillance, and treatment where indicated are outlined. (Source: Clinics in Laboratory Medicine)

Resolution of Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis after acquired IgA deficiency

Pediatric Nephrology — Mon, 07 Jun 2010 16:04:14 +0100

We report a case of Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis (HSPN) with acquired IgA deficiency due to parvovirus B19 infection. The patient was diagnosed as having Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) at 6 years old, and subsequently developed macrohematuria and massive proteinuria of 7.4 g/day with decreased creatinine clearance of 70.2 ml/min/1.73 m2 and significantly elevated serum IgA level of 449 mg/dl. The first kidney biopsy yielded the diagnosis of severe HSPN. After the initiation of the immunosuppressive therapy, the patient was infected with parvovirus B19 and developed virus-associated hemophagocytic syndrome (VAHS). Thereafter, the serum level of IgA selectively decreased and remained undetectable until the present time. Repeated kidney biopsies performed over a period of 14 year...

CpG-ODN 2006 and human parvovirus B19 genome consensus sequences selectively inhibit growth and development of erythroid progenitor cells

Blood — Thu, 03 Jun 2010 16:03:47 +0100

Recent studies have shown that anemia is commonly observed after exposure to pathogens or pathogen-derived products, which are recognized via Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9). In the current study, we demonstrate that CpG oligodeoxynucleotide-2006, a TLR9 ligand with phosphodiester (PO; 2006-PO) but not with the phosphorothioate backbone, selectively inhibits the erythroid growth derived from human CD34+ cells. The 2006-PO was internalized by the erythroid progenitors within 30 minutes; however, expression of TLR9 mRNA was not detected in these cells. The 2006-PO directly inhibited burst-forming unit-erythroid growth, resulted in the accumulation of cells in S and G2/M phases, and increased cell size and frequency of apoptotic cells. These features were similar to those observed in erythroid pr...

Clinical and Molecular Evidence for Association of SLE with parvovirus B19.

Lupus — Thu, 03 Jun 2010 04:18:02 +0100

Authors: Pavlovic M, Kats A, Cavallo M, Shoenfeld Y In addition to genetic and environmental factors, viruses have been suspected as causes and/or contributors to human autoimmune diseases, although direct evidence for the association is generally lacking. Parvovirus B19, the cause of Fifth disease in childhood, and possible trigger in the spectrum of autoimmune diseases in adults, has emerged as one of the central viral candidates within the last few years. In this article we propose a possible model for parvovirus B19 association with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The basis for our model is the secretion of hydrolyzing anti-ssDNA autoantibodies in 30-70% of cases with SLE, which in turn can either hydrolyze viral B19 ssDNA in blood and other fluids, or intranuclear, replicated ...

Aplastic crisis induced by human parvovirus B19 as an initial presentation of hereditary spherocytosis.

Collegium Antropologicum — Mon, 31 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Carzavec D, GaÄina P, Vasilj A, KatoviÄ SK The association between aplastic crisis and human parvovirus (HPV) B19 infection has been described in patients with hereditary spherocytosis (HS). Most cases of aplastic crisis in patients with HS induced by HPV B19 have been reported in children and adolescents. In this paper, we describe an aplastic crisis induced by HPV B19 in the 34 year old female as an initial presentation of HS. Although other viral illnesses cause some decompensation in HS, the anemia is rarely as profound as seen in acute HPV B19 infections. PMID: 20698139 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Collegium Antropologicum)

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The expanding range of parvoviruses which infect humans

Reviews in Medical Virology — Thu, 27 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

The first human parvoviruses to be described (1960s) were the adeno-associated viruses (AAVs, now classed as dependoviruses), originally identified as contaminants of cell cultures, followed by parvovirus B19 (B19V) in 1974, the first parvovirus to be definitively shown to be pathogenic. More recently two new groups of parvoviruses, the human bocaviruses (HuBoV) and the Parv4 viruses have been identified. These four groups of human viruses are all members of different genera within the Parvovirus family, and have very different biology, epidemiology and disease associations from each other. This review will provide an overview of the virological, pathogenic and clinical features of the different human paroviruses, and how these new viruses and their variants fit into the current understand...

Viral Impact on Long-term Kidney Graft Function

Infectious Diseases Clinics of North America — Fri, 14 May 2010 13:27:19 +0100

Acute rejection episodes are an important risk factor for the functional deterioration of solid-organ transplants. With more intense immunosuppressive protocols, the rate of acute rejection episodes has significantly declined in the last decade, but long-term graft function and graft survival are challenged by increasing viral complications. In this article, recent data on the role of adenovirus, polyomavirus BK and JC, cytomegalovirus, human herpesvirus-6 and -7, and parvovirus B19 on the long-term outcome of kidney transplantation are reviewed. An update on the pathophysiology of smoldering viral replication, associated inflammatory damage, and the presumed indirect viral effects is provided, and the implications for diagnostic tests and antiviral intervention are discussed. (Source: Inf...

Characterization of the gene expression profile of human bocavirus.

Virology — Fri, 07 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Chen AY, Cheng F, Lou S, Luo Y, Liu Z, Delwart E, Pintel D, Qiu J We have generated a quantitative transcription profile of human bocavirus type 1 (HBoV1) by transfecting a nearly full-length clone in human lung epithelial A549 cells as well as in a replication competent system in 293 cells. The overall transcription profile of HBoV1 is similar to that of two other members of genus Bocavirus, minute virus of canines and bovine parvovirus 1. In particular, a spliced NS1-transcript that was not recognized previously expressed the large non-structural protein NS1 at approximately 100kDa; and the NP1-encoding transcripts were expressed abundantly. In addition, the protein expression profile of human bocavirus type 2 (HBoV2) was examined in parallel by transfection of a nearly full...

Novel detection of parvovirus B19 DNA & IgM antibodies in patients with non-occlusive gangrene of stomach & bowel.

The Indian Journal of Medical Research — Fri, 30 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Novel finding of active B19 infection in non-occlusive gangrene of the bowel may be causal rather than casual. PMID: 20516544 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Indian Journal of Medical Research)

Med Sci Monit 2010; 16(5):BR154-159 "Comparison of three enzyme immunoassays used to detect human parvovirus B19-specific IgM antibodies in sera of people suspected of measles"

Medical Science Monitor — Wed, 28 Apr 2010 11:16:00 +0100

Conclusions: Although the three EIA tests for anti-B19 IgM detection showed good parameters for the differential diagnosis of measles/rubella, tests with a high specificity should be used. (Source: Medical Science Monitor)

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Parvovirus B19 as an etiological agent of acute pleuro-pericarditis

Bone Marrow Transplantation — Sun, 25 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: L Castagna, S Furst, J El Cheikh, C Faucher & D Blaise (Source: Bone Marrow Transplantation)

Viral epidemiologic shift in inflammatory heart disease: The increasing involvement of parvovirus B19 in the myocardium of pediatric cardiac transplant patients

The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation — Sun, 25 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: PVB19 is currently the predominant virus detected in heart transplant surveillance biopsy specimens, possibly representing an epidemiologic shift. Cellular rejection does not correlate with the presence or quantity of PVB19 genome in the myocardium, but children with chronic PVB19 infection have increased risk for earlier TCAD, supporting the hypothesis that PVB19 negatively affects graft survival. (Source: The Journal of Heart and Lung Transplantation)

CKS topic review: Parvovirus B19 infection

NeLM - Guidelines — Tue, 20 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Source: Clinical Knowledge Summaries (CKS) Area: Evidence > Guidelines This CKS topic covers the management of suspected parvovirus B19 infection, and the management of people who have been in contact with someone with parvovirus B19 infection. It includes the management of pregnant women. (Source: NeLM - Guidelines)

Evaluation of Parvovirus B19 Infection in Children with Malignant or Hematological Disorders

Clinical Infectious Diseases Latest Issue — Fri, 16 Apr 2010 21:51:48 +0100

Clinical Infectious Diseases, Volume 50, Issue 10, Page 1426-1427, 15 May 2010. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases Latest Issue)

Acute autonomic sensory and motor neuropathy associated with parvovirus B19 infection

Brain and Development — Thu, 15 Apr 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We report a 9-year-old girl with acute autonomic sensory and motor neuropathy (AASM) associated with human parvovirus B19 (HPV-B19) infection. The patient presented with fever, erythema of the entire body, and abdominal pain with vomiting. The titer of HPV-B19 IgM antibody was significantly elevated. Symptoms such as muscle weakness, severe hyperesthesia, dyshidrosis, and neurogenic bladder associated with autonomic disturbance developed over several days. Intravenous immunoglobulin therapy gave no obvious improvement of her symptoms. Motor and sensory impairment improved slowly without medical treatment, but dysautonomia persisted for a long time. Sural nerve biopsy revealed axonal degeneration of small fibers, involving both myelinated and unmyelinated fibers, which is compatible with th...

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Chest wall deformities in a newborn infant after in utero thoracoamniotic shunting for massive pleural effusion

European Journal of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Biology — Wed, 14 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100

A 28-year-old woman (gravida 1, para 0) at 18 weeks’ gestation presented at our clinic with an increase in placental thickness and polyhydramnios. The fetus showed evidence of early hydrops, massive pleural effusion, significant mediastinal shift and skin edema, despite having a normal fetal echocardiogram. Ultrasound-guided thoracocentesis was performed to evacuate the pleural effusion and amniotic fluid analysis revealed a normal 46, XY male karyotype. No evidence of thalassemia, parvovirus B19, cytomegalovirus, or toxoplasmosis was found, and the cytology was normal. Due to the rapid accumulation of pleural fluid, the fetus underwent thoracoamniotic shunt placement at 19 weeks’ gestation (a), which was done by placing a pigtail catheter (Cook, Spencer, IN, USA) into the lateral ches...

The association of anti-parvovirus B19-VP1 unique region antibodies with antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome.

International Journal of Clinical Chemistry — Thu, 08 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: We show a close association of B19 infection with aPL production and suggest B19-VP1u may be of pathogenetic importance in some patients with APS. PMID: 20385113 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: International Journal of Clinical Chemistry)

Parvovirus B19 infection and severe anaemia in Kenyan children: a retrospective case control study

BMC Infectious Diseases — Fri, 02 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: High B19 IgM levels, were significantly associated with severe anaemia, being found only among the cases. This suggests that 7/264 (2.7%) of cases of severe anaemia in the population of children admitted to KDH were precipitated by B19. While this is a relatively small proportion, this has to be evaluated in the light of the IgG data that shows that less than 15% of children in the study were exposed to B19, a figure much lower than reported in other tropical areas. (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)

Generalized Petechial Rashes in Children During a Parvovirus B19 Outbreak

PEDIATRICS — Thu, 01 Apr 2010 15:02:44 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: During an outbreak of fifth disease, parvovirus proved to be a common cause of petechial rash in children, and this rash was typically more generalized than described in case reports. Associated clinical features, hematologic abnormalities, and serologic test results are consistent with a viremia-associated illness that is distinct from and occasionally followed by erythema infectiosum. (Source: PEDIATRICS)

Plasmodium falciparum malaria and Parvovirus B19;a case of acute co-infection

BMC Infectious Diseases — Wed, 31 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The diagnosis of Parvovirus B19 acute infection should be considered in any case of persistent severe anemia and/or renal failure, even in clinical conditions that are well-known causes of anemia and renal failure, such as malaria. (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)

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Human Parvovirus B19-Associated Myocarditis

New England Journal of Medicine — Tue, 30 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100

To the Editor: Viral and postviral myocarditis are the major causes of acute and chronic dilated cardiomyopathy.1 To gain insight ... (Source: New England Journal of Medicine)

Parainfectious myelitis associated with parvovirus B19 infection

Journal of Neurology — Thu, 25 Mar 2010 19:04:43 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Letter to the EditorsDOI 10.1007/s00415-010-5536-1Authors Franziska Scheibe, Charité-University Medicine Berlin Department of Neuropsychiatry and Laboratory of Molecular Psychiatry Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1 10117 Berlin GermanyJörg Hofmann, Charité-University Medicine Berlin Institute of Medical Virology, Helmut-Ruska-Haus Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1 10117 Berlin GermanyKlemens Ruprecht, Charité-University Medicine Berlin Department of Neurology Campus Mitte, Charitéplatz 1 10117 Berlin Germany Journal Journal of NeurologyOnline ISSN 1432-1459Print ISSN 0340-5354 (Source: Journal of Neurology)

Parvovirus B19 infection associated with Hashimoto's thyroiditis in adults

Journal of Infection — Mon, 08 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Summary: Objective: Parvovirus B19 is a common human pathogen, which has been linked to autoimmune diseases recently. The aim of the study is to evaluate whether B19 is involved in adult Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT).Methods: Eighty-six thyroid tissues from the adult patients with a spectrum of thyroid disorders were examined for B19 DNA and capsid protein by nested PCR, in-situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. The presence of viral DNA in HT epithelium was studied by laser-capture microdissection and sequencing of PCR products. The expressions of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and interleukin-6 were investigated by immunohistochemistry.Results: B19 DNA was significantly present in HT tissues by both PCR (29/32, 90.6%) and in-situ hybridization (23/32, 71.9%, all p (Source: Journal of...

Diagnosis of in utero Parvovirus B19 infection and maternal immune response – the relevance of linear epitopes and advanced serologic testing

Expert Opinion: Expert Opinion on Medical Diagnostics — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 10:51:42 +0100

Expert Opinion on Medical Diagnostics , March 2010, Vol. 4, No. 2, Pages 139-148. (Source: Expert Opinion: Expert Opinion on Medical Diagnostics)