MedWorm: Rubella

Measles mumps and rubella virus vaccine: Pityriasis rubra pilaris (first report) in an infant: case report

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The Risk of Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura After Vaccination in Children and Adolescents

PEDIATRICS — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: ITP is unlikely after early childhood vaccines other than MMR. Because of the small number of exposed cases and potential confounding, the possible association of ITP with hepatitis A, varicella, and tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis vaccines in older children requires further investigation. (Source: PEDIATRICS)

Improving the Quality of Immunization Delivery to an At-Risk Population: A Comprehensive Approach

PEDIATRICS — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: We were able to implement a comprehensive immunization QI program that was sustainable over time. (Source: PEDIATRICS)

Progress towards measles and rubella elimination in Tuscany, Italy: the role of population seroepidemiological profile

The European Journal of Public Health — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Additional catch-up vaccination strategies targeting the adult population (particularly fertile women) are strongly needed to eliminate the risk of measles and congenital rubella syndrome for future generations. (Source: The European Journal of Public Health)

[Is there still a future for the French « Perruche » jurisprudence.]

Gynecologie, Obstetrique et Fertilite — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Manaouil C, Jardé O Abstract Since March 1, 2010, French citizens have a new procedure for defending their rights: the Priority preliminary ruling on the issue of constitutionality (QPC). During a trial, any citizen may request that the Constitutional Council be seized if he/she considers that a provision of a law applicable is inconsistent with the Constitution. One of the first QPCs was released regarding the Perruche antijurisprudence provision. The decision of the Supreme Court (Cour de Cassation) on November 17, 2000 had granted the child Nicolas Perruche the right to financial compensation for the material costs related to his physical disability as a result of congenital rubella. In response, Article 1 of the law of March 4, 2002 was passed in order to prohibit the...

Thinking of getting pregnant? Rubella leaflet now available in other languages

NHS Networks — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Catching German measles (rubella) during pregnancy can have very serious implications for an unborn baby. It can, for example, lead to the baby being born with serious disabilities such as blindness and deafness. The risk of having a miscarriage is also increased. The Tamil and Bengali translations of this leaflet have been produced by Sense, the charity for deafblind people (Source: NHS Networks)

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[Assessment of primary care physicians' adherence to the national childhood vaccination schedule.]

Archives de Pediatrie — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: The level of physicians' knowledge about the vaccination schedule in children was insufficient in northern France, especially for pertussis and measles. This can decrease vaccination coverage levels as well as its beneficial effects for children. PMID: 22264997 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Archives de Pediatrie)

Case‐control study of risk factors for spasmodic dysphonia: A comparison with other voice disorders

The Laryngoscope — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions:SD is likely multifactorial and associated with several endogenous and exogenous factors. Certain viral exposures, voice use patterns, and familial neurological conditions may contribute to the onset of SD later in life. (Source: The Laryngoscope)

Rubella immune status among immigrant and nonimmigrant women in Spain

Journal of Medical Virology — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 07:19:52 +0100

AbstractA cross‐sectional study of seroprevalence of rubella antibodies was carried out in all immigrant pregnant women (1,627) from February 2006 to June 2010. For each immigrant woman one Spanish pregnant woman was recruited. The seroprevalence of IgG antibodies against rubella in immigrant women was 92% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 90.4–93.3), and in native women was 97.7% (95%CI: 96.7–98.4) (P < 0.001). Immunity against was lowest among women from Latin America (odds ratio [OR]: 0.17), followed by women from Asia (OR: 0.20), Sub‐Saharan Africa (OR: 0.27) and Northern Africa (OR: 0.37). Female immigrants from developing countries should be targeted for immunization to reduce the risk of congenital rubella. J. Med. Virol. 84:548–550, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, In...

Scientific misconduct: Latest MMR 'dispute' is a straw man

Nature — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Nature 481, 7380 (2012). doi:10.1038/481145d Author: Brian Deer Journalists have for years manufactured baseless controversy over the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine. The latest example is Eugenie Samuel Reich's report 'Fresh dispute about MMR 'fraud'' (Nature479, 157–158; 201110.1038/479157a). Truly a classic of the genre. (Source: Nature)

Development of a bead-based multiplex immunoassay for the simultaneously quantitative detection of IgG serum antibodies against Measles, Mumps, Rubella and Varicella Zoster.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, the MMRV multiplex assay is a good alternative for the conventional ELISAs and suitable for use in serosurveillance and vaccine studies. PMID: 22237896 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical and Vaccine Immunology)

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Prevalence of serum anti-rubella virus antibodies among pregnant women in southern Italy

International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The number of women at risk of rubella infection fell short of the national target set for elimination of CRS. Increased involvement and collaboration by all healthcare workers are, therefore, required to disseminate the information necessary to prevent CRS. (Source: International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics)

UK parents' decision-making about measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine 10 years after the MMR-autism controversy: A qualitative analysis.

Vaccine — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: This study corroborated some previous qualitative work but indicated that the shrinking group of parents now rejecting MMR comprises mainly those with more extreme and complex anti-immunisation views, whilst parents opting for single vaccines may use second-hand information about the controversy. In response, policymakers and practitioners should revise their expectations of today's MMR decision-makers, and their methods for supporting them. PMID: 22230590 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Vaccine)

Andrew Wakefield sues BMJ for claiming MMR study was fraudulent

Guardian Unlimited Science — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 18:17:42 +0100

BMJ and investigative journalist stand by allegations in articles about research linking MMR vaccine to autismAndrew Wakefield, the doctor who was struck off the medical register after triggering a health scare linking autism to the MMR vaccine, is suing the editor-in-chief of the British Medical Journal for defamation.In a complaint filed to a district court in Texas, lawyers acting for Wakefield claim that articles, editorials and other statements that appeared in the BMJ were "false and make defamatory allegations" about the doctor.The lawsuit names Fiona Godlee, the BMJ's editor-in-chief, and the British investigative journalist Brian Deer, who has covered the controversy over the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine, which led to a drop in MMR vaccination rates to dangerous levels.Docum...

Current and future applications of dried blood spots in viral disease management.

Antiviral Research — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, DBS card sampling and storage will aid the adequate of outbreak management of existing and emerging viral diseases. PMID: 22244848 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antiviral Research)

[Relationship between precariousness, social coverage, and vaccine coverage: Survey among children consulting in pediatric emergency departments in France.]

Archives de Pediatrie — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Poor children living in southern France had significant delays in their routine immunizations, resulting in gaps in their protection. Every medical visit, even those conducted in an emergency ward, should identify children with immunization delays and offer a catch-up schedule if necessary. PMID: 22226013 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Archives de Pediatrie)

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Vaccination coverage in Haiti: Results from the 2009 National Survey.

Vaccine — Tue, 03 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Coverage for early-infant vaccines was high; however, most children did not complete their full vaccination series, and many children received vaccinations later than recommended. Efforts to improve the vaccination program should include increasing the frequency of outreach services, training for vaccination staff to minimize missed opportunities, and better communicating the timing of vaccinations to encourage caregivers to bring their children for vaccinations at the recommended age. Efforts to promote the benefits of vaccination and card retention are also needed. PMID: 22227146 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Vaccine)

Mumps vaccine effectiveness against orchitis.

Emerging Infectious Diseases — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Hahné S, Whelan J, van Binnendijk R, Swaan C, Fanoy E, Boot H, de Melker H Abstract TO THE EDITOR: Yung et al. reported in the April 2011 issue of Emerging Infectious Diseases on the epidemiologic characteristics of the nationwide mumps outbreak in England and Wales in 2004-2005 (1). The associated effect of disease was considerable, with >43,000 reported cases and >2,600 hospitalizations. Compared with the prevaccine era, the average age of infection was higher, with infection occurring mostly in older teenagers and young adults (2). Older age at infection is associated with a higher risk of certain complications, particularly orchitis (3). Yung et al. reported that among cases of mumps, previous mumps measles rubella (MMR) vaccination offered considerable protecti...

An isolated incidence of rubella outbreak at a workplace in hokkaido, Japan.

Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Miyoshi M, Komagome R, Nagano H, Takahashi K, Koba H, Kaneko Y, Watanabe Y, Suzuki F, Hiroshima T, Aida I, Kitamura S, Saji N, Yamaguchi R, Okano M PMID: 22274168 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases)

Doh! Top Science Journal Retractions of 2011

Scientific American - Official RSS Feed — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 17:30:00 +0100

Bad science papers can have lasting effects. Consider the 1998 paper in the journal The Lancet that linked autism to the MMR vaccine for measles, mumps and rubella. That paper was fully retracted in 2010 upon evidence that senior author Andrew Wakefield had manipulated data and breached several proper ethical codes of conduct. [More] (Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed)

Congenital Rubella Syndrome in Sweden

About.com Pediatrics — Fri, 23 Dec 2011 21:47:17 +0100

As a part of the last European Monthly Measles Monitoring Report, there was a concern that in addition to measles, rising cases of rubella (also called German measles) might lead to rising cases of congenital rubella syndrome....Read Full Post (Source: About.com Pediatrics)

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[Newsdesk] GAVI Alliance to roll out rubella vaccine

The Lancet Infectious Diseases — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 11:07:41 +0100

In mid-November 2011, the GAVI Alliance invited eligible countries to apply for support in rolling out a vaccine against rubella. The decision to expand its activities to include a rubella vaccine was taken in 2008. June's successful pledging conference left GAVI in a position to act on these intentions. By 2015, GAVI aims to have vaccinated 300 million children in 30 countries. If it all goes according to plan, the rubella virus might not survive the 21st century. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)

Year-End Measles Update

About.com Pediatrics — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 11:01:03 +0100

The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control issued what is likely their last measles update for the year. This European Monthly Measles Monitoring Report has few surprises: an increase to 30,917 measles cases for the year from the EU and EEA/EFTA countries, which unfortunately is about the same number of cases seen in 2010 another case of measles encephalitis, bringing the total to 24 an increase in reported cases of pneumonia - to 979 in addition to a large number of measles cases, about 2,700, Romania is dealing with a rubella outbreak, which has health experts worried about the risk of Congenital Rubella Syndrome if pregnant women become infected ...Read Full Post (Source: About.com Pediatrics)

Similarity of parents and physicians in the decision to vaccinate children against measles, mumps and rubella

International Journal of Public Health — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 16:47:56 +0100

Conclusions Efforts to improve the number of parental decisions for vaccination should focus on the educational level of the parents as well as homophily of parents and physicians. Notably, homogeneity of parents and providers concerning age changes decisions in favor of vaccinating. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00038-011-0326-9Authors P. Kriwy, Economic Sociology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Findelgasse 7-9, 90402 Nuremberg, Germany Journal International Journal of Public HealthOnline ISSN 1661-8564Print ISSN 1661-8556 (Source: International Journal of Public Health)

Molecular characterization of wild‐type measles viruses in Tamil Nadu, India, during 2005–2006: Relationship of genotype D8 strains from Tamil Nadu to global strains

Journal of Medical Virology — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 19:14:20 +0100

This study has established baseline molecular data and is the first report that describes genetic diversity of circulating measles strains in Tamil Nadu, a state in India. D8 has multiple lineages and this has been linked with importation of measles into the USA and UK. J. Med. Virol. 84:348–357, 2012. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Medical Virology)

Serious reactions to MMR vaccine rare, study finds

CTV Health — Tue, 13 Dec 2011 13:32:52 +0100

Reactions to the first shot of combined measles, mumps and rubella vaccine are fairly common among young children, but serious reactions are actually rare, a new study looking at data from Ontario suggests. (Source: CTV Health)

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Acetaminophen may mediate oxidative stress and neurotoxicity in autism

Medical Hypotheses — Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Acetaminophen is one of the most common drugs administered in many hospitalized children in USA for its antipyretic effects . Schultz et al. reported that there is an association between acetaminophen use after measles–mumps–rubella vaccination and autistic disorder . Others argued it for some methodological issues . However, it seems that the association is not by chance . Meanwhile, the exact pathological mechanism for this suggested association is not clear. It has not been answered that how acetaminophen induces autism. (Source: Medical Hypotheses)

Structured models of infectious disease: Inference with discrete data.

Theoretical Population Biology — Fri, 09 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Metcalf CJ, Lessler J, Klepac P, Morice A, Grenfell BT, Bjørnstad ON Abstract The usage of structured population models can make substantial contributions to public health, particularly for infections where clinical outcomes vary over age. There are three theoretical challenges in implementing such analyses: (i) developing an appropriate framework that models both demographic and epidemiological transitions; (ii) parameterizing the framework, where parameters may be based on data ranging from the biological course of infection, basic patterns of human demography, specific characteristics of population growth, and details of vaccination regimes implemented; (iii) evaluating public health strategies in the face of changing human demography. We illustrate the general approac...

Concomitant MMRV, Prevnar Safe for Healthy InfantsConcomitant MMRV, Prevnar Safe for Healthy Infants

Medscape Pediatrics Headlines — Wed, 07 Dec 2011 03:52:35 +0100

Administering a child's first dose of the measles, mumps, rubella and varicella (MMRV) vaccine together with the pneumococcal vaccine is "highly immunogenic and generally well tolerated." Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Pediatrics Headlines)

Concomitant MMRV, Prevnar safe for healthy infants

Modern Medicine — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - Administering a child's first dose of the measles, mumps, rubella and varicella (MMRV) vaccine together with the pneumococcal vaccine is "highly immunogenic and generally well tolerated," a new study shows. (Source: Modern Medicine)

Measles mumps and rubella virus vaccine: AHEI in an infant: case report

Reactions — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 07:29:01 +0100

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Immunogenicity and Safety of MMRV and PCV-7 Administered Concomitantly in Healthy Children

PEDIATRICS — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Concomitant administration of the MMRV and PCV-7 is highly immunogenic and generally well tolerated. Similar immune responses between the groups support concomitant administration of the MMRV and PCV-7 to healthy children 12 to 15 months of age. (Source: PEDIATRICS)

Type 1 diabetes and measles, mumps and rubella childhood infections within the Italian Insulin‐dependent Diabetes Registry

Diabetic Medicine — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: According our findings, mumps and rubella viral infections are associated with the onset of Type 1 diabetes. The statistical significance observed after exclusion of the Sardinian data suggests that other environmental factors may operate over populations with different genetic susceptibility.© 2011 The Authors. Diabetic Medicine© 2011 Diabetes UK (Source: Diabetic Medicine)

Vaccination Campaigns in Postsocialist Ukraine: Health Care Providers Navigating Uncertainty

Medical Anthropology Quarterly — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Vaccination anxieties grew into a public health issue during the 2008 failed measles and rubella immunization campaign in Ukraine. Here I explore how health care providers bend official immunization policies as they navigate media scares about vaccines, parents’ anxieties, public health officials’ insistence on the need for vaccination, and their own sense of expertise and authority. New hierarchies are currently being renegotiated, and I follow health care providers as they attempt to parcel out their new position in the Ukrainian society and beyond. Public health control is reframed in a postsocialist context as a condition of acceptance into the European community as a sanitary democracy, and a contestation point between citizens and state. I untangle how relationships between citiz...

East African immigrant children in Australia have poor immunisation coverage

Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Paediatric East African immigrants in Victoria are very likely to be inadequately immunised and parent‐reported vaccination status does not predict serological immunity. Full catch‐up immunisation is recommended where immunisation status is unknown and written records are unavailable. Consideration should be given to policy and program development to provide timely and complete immunisation coverage in this group after arrival in Australia. (Source: Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health)

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Global health organization to purchase millions of toxic HPV vaccines to administer to women and girls in third-world countries

NaturalNews.com — Tue, 29 Nov 2011 07:00:00 +0100

(NaturalNews) At its recent board meeting in Bangladesh, the GAVI Alliance, formerly known as the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunizations, announced plans to bring the deadly human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccines Gardasil (Merck and Co.) and Cervarix (GlaxoSmithKline) into the third world. A pro-vaccination group backed by the World Bank, UNICEF, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the vaccine industry, GAVI's stated goal is to vaccinate 240 million children by 2015.As many as two million women and girls in nine unidentified developing countries could soon receive one of the two HPV vaccines, even though HPV is potentially linked to only one percent, of all cervical cancers, according to some reports (http://washingtonexaminer.com/node/104241). The US Food and Drug Administrati...

Study finds home birth is safe

NHS News Feed — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 17:55:00 +0100

This report will no doubt be of interest to parents who are planning where to have their baby and wish to discuss their options with their midwife or GP. What did the study look at? This large English study was designed to take a detailed look at risk associated with different birth settings for women with low-risk pregnancies. A low-risk pregnancy is one where the mother and baby are not affected by conditions or circumstances that can complicate the birth (see What is a low-risk pregnancy? for further details). The study compared home births, midwifery units run outside of a hospital setting, obstetric unit births in hospitals and births in ‘alongside midwifery units’, which are midwife-led units on a hospital site that also have an obstetric unit. Its analysis featured data on al...

Births at home or in hospital: risks explained

NHS News Feed — Fri, 25 Nov 2011 17:55:00 +0100

This report will no doubt be of interest to parents who are planning where to have their baby and wish to discuss their options with their midwife or GP. What did the study look at? This large English study was designed to take a detailed look at the risks associated with different settings where women with low-risk pregnancies planned to give birth. A low-risk pregnancy is one where the mother and baby are not affected by conditions or circumstances that can complicate the birth (see What is a low-risk pregnancy? for further details). The study compared home births, midwifery units run outside of a hospital setting, obstetric unit births in hospitals and births in ‘alongside midwifery units’, which are midwife-led units on a hospital site that also have an obstetric unit. Its anal...

Africa: Measles Initiative Hails Gavi Decision to Fund Rubella Campaigns

AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine — Fri, 18 Nov 2011 13:46:46 +0100

Measles - Rubella campaigns will reduce child mortality, birth defects (Source: AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine)

Africa: Steps Taken to Inrtroduce Vaccines Against Cervical Cancer, Rubella

AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine — Thu, 17 Nov 2011 21:08:18 +0100

Responding to demand from developing countries, the GAVI Alliance will take the first steps towards the introduction of Human papillomavirus (HPV) and rubella vaccines in developing countries, the GAVI Board announced on Thursday. (Source: AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine)

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WHO issues new rubella vaccination recommendations

PharmacoEconomics and Outcomes News — Thu, 17 Nov 2011 18:01:00 +0100

(Source: PharmacoEconomics and Outcomes News)

Massive HPV And Rubella Vaccine Campaign For Girls And Women Globally

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 17 Nov 2011 18:00:00 +0100

The GAVI Alliance Board is to move towards the vaccination of up to two million girls and women in nine countries against HPV (human papillomavirus) and rubella over the next four years. GAVI is a charity which aims to save children's lives and protect people's health "by increasing access to immunization in poor countries"... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

GSK welcomes GAVI Alliance decision to introduce vaccines against cervical cancer and rubella in the world’s poorest countries

GSK news — Thu, 17 Nov 2011 12:48:09 +0100

GlaxoSmithKline today welcomed the decision of the GAVI Board to provide funding to facilitate the provision of cervical cancer immunisation programmes and rubella vaccination, across the world’s poorest countries. (Source: GSK news)

GAVI takes first steps to introduce vaccines against cervical cancer and rubella

WHO Maternal, Newborn and Child Health — Thu, 17 Nov 2011 09:29:00 +0100

17 NOVEMBER 2011 | DHAKA – Responding to demand from developing countries, the GAVI Alliance will take the first steps towards the introduction of human papillomavirus and rubella vaccines, the GAVI Board has announced. (Source: WHO Maternal, Newborn and Child Health)

Leaving health to luck?

Thrive, Children's Hospital Boston — Tue, 15 Nov 2011 13:24:05 +0100

Claire McCarthy, MD Avoiding the chickenpox vaccine has been in the news recently, with the story of a company offering lollipops licked by kids with chickenpox as a way to give your child the illness. Some parents, apparently, would rather use those lollipops, or take their child to a chickenpox party to play with infected kids, than give their child the vaccine. It got me thinking about my mother and her quest to give me chickenpox when I was a child. She would have drawn the line at the lollipops (which is a ludicrous idea—not only is it incredibly unlikely to work, but who knows what other germs were in that kid’s mouth), but she would have taken me to the parties in a heartbeat. She did her own version: she took me to play with neighborhood kids when they got chickenpox. My mot...

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Discredited Vaccine-Autism Researcher Defended by Whistleblower Group

Scientific American - Official RSS Feed — Thu, 10 Nov 2011 04:47:00 +0100

It is one of the most serious allegations that could be made about a doctor: manipulating patients' histories to make money. So it is no wonder that the charges, levied by editors of the British Medical Journal (BMJ) in January against medical researcher Andrew Wakefield, are still getting close scrutiny. Now an American whistleblower advocacy group has joined the fray over Wakefield, who in 1998 hypothesized a link, now scientifically disproven, between the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine (MMR) and autism. [More] (Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed)

[Pityriasis rubra pilaris after vaccination].

Annales de Dermatologie et de Cenereologie — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Questioning about recent vaccination during history taking appears necessary to assess the importance of this trigger factor as well as the mechanism responsible for the onset of PRP. PMID: 22078037 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annales de Dermatologie et de Cenereologie)

Prevalence of GBJ2 mutations in patients with severe to profound congenital nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss in Bulgarian population

European Archives of Oto-Rhino-Laryngology — Sat, 29 Oct 2011 05:47:43 +0100

In conclusion, this study determines the importance of connexin 26 mutations in Bulgarian children with severe to profound congenital nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss, the prevalence of the different mutation variants and their relationship with the ethnical background of the patients. In addition, we report for the first time a novel mutation in the GJB2 gene. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory OtologyPages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s00405-011-1817-2Authors Diana P. Popova, Department of ENT, Medical University Sofia, Blvd. “Han Pagan” 1, 1680 Sofia, BulgariaRadka Kaneva, Molecular Medicine Center, Medical University Sofia, Sofia, BulgariaSonya Varbanova, Department of ENT, Medical University Sofia, Blvd. “Han Pagan” 1, 1680 Sofia, BulgariaTodor M. Popov, Department of ENT...

Improving MMR coverage in Birmingham

BMJ Online First — Tue, 25 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Achieving herd immunity in an ethnically mixed deprived area is a realistic goal.1 Between 2004 and 2006, the Heart of Birmingham primary care trust increased measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR)... (Source: BMJ Online First)

Longitudinal analysis of antibody response to immunization in paediatric survivors after allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation

British Journal of Haematology — Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

SummaryThe long‐term antibody responses to re‐immunization in recipients of allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo‐HSCT) have not been well studied. We prospectively and longitudinally evaluated the antibody responses to eight vaccine antigens (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, measles, mumps, rubella, hepatitis B, and poliovirus) and assessed the factors associated with negative titres in 210 allo‐HSCT recipients at St. Jude Children’s Research Hospital. Antibody responses lasting for more than 5 years after immunization were observed in most patients for tetanus (95·7%), rubella (92·3%), poliovirus (97·9%), and, in diphtheria‐tetanus‐acellular pertussis (DTaP) recipients, diphtheria (100%). However, responses to pertussis (25·0%), measles (66·7%), mu...

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Rubella encephalitis

Neurology India — Sat, 22 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Anis Chaari, Lamia Berrajah, Mabrouk Bahloul, Mounir BouazizNeurology India 2011 59(5):766-767 (Source: Neurology India)

Unvaccinated People Affected By Largest Measles Outbreak In Years, USA

Health News from Medical News Today — Fri, 21 Oct 2011 21:00:00 +0100

2011 has seen a considerable increase in reported measles cases in Canada and the USA - the vast majority of people who became ill were not vaccinated, informs James M. Hughes, MD, President of the Infectious Disease Society of America. Measles had been declared 'eliminated' in the USA thanks to a high rate of MMR (measles, mumps and rubella) vaccinations among infants. "Eliminated" means a disease has not been spreading continuously - which in this case meant since 2000... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

What’s Behind the Latest Measles Outbreaks?

WebMD Health — Thu, 20 Oct 2011 20:07:03 +0100

Concerns about a possible link between the measles, mumps and rubella, or MMR, vaccine helped fuel a measles outbreak this year in Minnesota, the country’s largest since 1996, according to research to be presented Saturday at an infectious diseases meeting. (Source: WebMD Health)

Measles: What Parents Need to Know

Thrive, Children's Hospital Boston — Thu, 20 Oct 2011 14:22:46 +0100

The MMR vaccine is the most efficient protection against measles For years, measles has been rare in the United States, thanks to immunization. But recently, that has changed. This year we’ve seen lots of outbreaks, mostly started by unimmunized people going to or coming from countries that have lots of measles—and then giving the infection to unimmunized people here. In Massachusetts we have had 24 cases of measles this year—19 since May! What is measles? Measles, also called rubeola, is a very contagious respiratory illness. What causes it? Measles is caused by a virus. It is spread through the air when people with the illness cough, sneeze, or simply breathe near someone else. It lives in the mucus of infected people, so if an infected person has mucus on their hands (f...

Outcomes of Pediatric Cataract Surgery at a Tertiary Care Center in Rural Southern Ethiopia [Clinical Sciences]

Archives of Opthalmology — Mon, 10 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions The underlying cause and management of pediatric cataracts in the developing world can differ significantly from that commonly reported in the literature. The effects of appropriate intervention on both visual outcome and associated survival statistics may be profound. (Source: Archives of Opthalmology)

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Combined cardiac and noncardiac surgery in an infant with congenital rubella syndrome: an anesthetic challenge.

Paediatric Anaesthesia — Sun, 09 Oct 2011 19:15:51 +0100

Authors: Hariharan U, Garg R, Nagpal VK, Pawar M PMID: 21966966 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Paediatric Anaesthesia)

Listen up: The high volume of hearing loss

Thrive, Children's Hospital Boston — Fri, 07 Oct 2011 13:40:04 +0100

Kids and teens regularly exposed to second-hand smoke are almost twice as likely to develop hearing loss than children who aren’t usually around it, according to a recent study by the Archives of Otolaryngology. And if something as seemingly unrelated as second-hand smoke contributes to hearing loss in kids, what else can erode a child’s hearing? Brian Fligor, ScD, director of Diagnostic Audiology at Children’s Hospital Boston, says everyday things that seem harmless are actually degrading our hearing without us realizing it. “Unfortunately, hearing loss is something that affects a lot of people, but it’s also something we can’t see,” he says. “It’s kind of a sinister thing.” Fligor explains that “overworking” the ears can lead to hearing loss; and that overworking...

Vaccine Update August/September 2011

NeLM - News — Thu, 06 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Source: Department of Health (DH) Area: News The August/September 2011Vaccine Update contains the following information: . SPCs updated for Enzira® and CSL . Caution: Viroflu® vaccine and increased risk of fever in the under-fives . Use of seasonal flu vaccines in pregnancy . Five famous flu fictions and the facts . Seasonal influenza vaccination of those with egg allergy . Adolescent vaccinations : JCVI call for evidence deadline extended . Making deaf-blindness caused by rubella a thing of the past . New e-learning resources on immunisation . Seasonal flu leaflet . Vaccine supply: seasonal influenza vaccine (Source: NeLM - News)

Combined cardiac and noncardiac surgery in an infant with congenital rubella syndrome: an anesthetic challenge

Pediatric Anesthesia — Wed, 05 Oct 2011 23:50:19 +0100

(Source: Pediatric Anesthesia)

Do European doctors support measles, mumps, rubella vaccination programmes enough?

Euro Surveill — Wed, 05 Oct 2011 19:45:03 +0100

Authors: Lopalco P, Sprenger M PMID: 21968421 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Euro Surveill)

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Pityriasis lichenoides chronic after measles–mumps–rubella vaccination

The Journal of Dermatology — Tue, 04 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

(Source: The Journal of Dermatology)

Improving MMR vaccination rates: herd immunity is a realistic goal

BMJ Online First — Tue, 04 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Problem As measles is a highly infectious disease, the United Kingdom recommendation is for at least 95% of children to receive a first vaccination with the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine... (Source: BMJ Online First)

The vaccine-autism connection: a public health crisis caused by unethical medical practices and fraudulent science.

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Flaherty DK Abstract In 1998, Dr. Andrew Wakefield, a British gastroenterologist, described a new autism phenotype called the regressive autism-enterocolitis syndrome triggered by environmental factors such as measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination. The speculative vaccination-autism connection decreased parental confidence in public health vaccination programs and created a public health crisis in England and questions about vaccine safety in North America. After 10 years of controversy and investigation, Dr. Wakefield was found guilty of ethical, medical, and scientific misconduct in the publication of the autism paper. Additional studies showed that the data presented were fraudulent. The alleged autism-vaccine connection is, perhaps, the most damaging medical ho...

Numbers receiving MMR jab equal to 1990s

Nursing Times Breaking News — Thu, 29 Sep 2011 10:09:00 +0100

The combined measles, mumps and rubella vaccination is being administered to an increasing number of children in England, official figures show. (Source: Nursing Times Breaking News)

MMR immunisations on the rise

Nursing in Practice — Thu, 29 Sep 2011 09:34:00 +0100

The percentage of the English child population immunised against measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) by their second birthday continues to rise in the UK (Source: Nursing in Practice)

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[Congenital rubella still exists in Tunisia!]

Archives de Pediatrie — Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We describe the clinical pattern and the outcome of congenital rubella syndrome in 2 infants and emphasize the necessity of recommending universal screening and follow-up vaccination of susceptible females and including rubella immunization in the routine national immunization program, especially in developing countries. PMID: 21963077 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Archives de Pediatrie)

Do European doctors support measles, mumps, rubella vaccination programmes enough?

Eurosurveillance latest news — Thu, 29 Sep 2011 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Eurosurveillance latest news)

NHS immunisation statistics for England for 2010-11 published

NeLM - News — Wed, 28 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Source: NHS Information Centre Area: News NHS Networks has published immunisation statistics for England for the period 2010-2011. The following key results have been identified (taken directly from source): . Reported coverage figures for all routine childhood vaccinations reported through the Cover of Vaccination Evaluated Rapidly (COVER) programme in 2010-11 showed an increase at national level. Most regions also reported increases in coverage for routine childhood vaccinations. Although London reported increases, coverage figures for this Strategic Health Authority (SHA) remain lower than for other regions. . For children reaching their second birthday, coverage of Diphtheria, Tetanus, Polio, Pertussis and Haemophilus influenzae type b (DTaP/IPV/Hib) in 2010-11 wa...

Measles-Mumps-Rubella Revaccination; 18 Months vs. 4-6 Years of Age: Potential Impacts of Schedule Changes

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics — Wed, 28 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: This study showed that the majority of younger children were susceptible to MMR infection before revaccination. Earlier age policy provides more protection against MMR in preschool-aged children. Rubella strain seems to be less potent than reported. (Source: Journal of Tropical Pediatrics)

Antibody persistence for 3 years following two doses of tetravalent measles–mumps–rubella–varicella vaccine in healthy children

European Journal of Pediatrics — Tue, 20 Sep 2011 15:46:10 +0100

Conclusion: Immunogenicity of the combined MMRV vaccine was sustained 3 years post-vaccination. (208136/041/NCT00406211). Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperPages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00431-011-1569-4Authors Markus Knuf, Children’s Department of Pediatrics, University Medicine Hospital, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55101 Mainz, GermanyFred Zepp, Children’s Department of Pediatrics, University Medicine Hospital, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Langenbeckstrasse 1, 55101 Mainz, GermanyKlaus Helm, Pediatric Office, Detmold, GermanyHartwig Maurer, Pediatric Office, Salzburg, AustriaAlbrecht Prieler, Pediatric Office, Salzburg, AustriaDorothee Kieninger-Baum, Children’s Department of Pediatrics, University Medicine Hospital, Johannes Gutenberg-...

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Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus and good outcome with rituximab treatment

Rheumatology International — Fri, 16 Sep 2011 05:47:28 +0100

Abstract A patient with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy and systemic lupus erythematosus arising after rubella vaccination was initially treated with plasmapheresis, corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulins, with partial response. After shift to rituximab, most clinical symptoms improved markedly, emphasizing the possible role of this monoclonal antibody in conventional therapy-resistant cases. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Short CommunicationPages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s00296-011-2130-5Authors P. G. Sanz, Department of Neurology, Hospital Español, Belgrano 2975, C1209AAB Buenos Aires, ArgentinaC. V. García Méndez, Department of Neurology, Hospital Español, Belgrano 2975, C1209AAB Buenos Aires, ArgentinaA. L. Cueto, Department of Ne...

Rubella vaccines: WHO position paper-Recommendations.

Vaccine — Fri, 16 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Duclos P PMID: 21930175 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Vaccine)

Isolation and genotyping of rubella virus from a case of congenital infection in Brazil

Journal of Medical Virology — Thu, 15 Sep 2011 10:50:59 +0100

We report a congenital rubella case with fetal death occurred at 29th week of gestation. RV was confirmed in placenta. The results of phylogenetic analysis showed that the RVs/SaoPaulo01.‐ BRA/08.CRI belongs to the genotype 2B of RV. J. Med. Virol. 83:2048–2050, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: Journal of Medical Virology)

Families prepare to sue law firm over handling of cases against MMR vaccine manufacturers

BMJ Online First — Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Families who claim that their children developed encephalitis from an early type of measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine but that their cases were wrongly lumped together with more than 1000... (Source: BMJ Online First)

The Vaccine-Autism Connection: A Public Health Crisis Caused by Unethical Medical Practices and Fraudulent Science (October).

The Annals of Pharmacotherapy — Tue, 13 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

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Effect of rituximab on human in vivo antibody immune responses

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology — Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: During the time of B-lymphocyte depletion, rituximab recipients had a decreased antibody response to neoantigens and significantly lower titers after recall immunization with diphtheria and tetanus toxoid. With recovery, immune responses return toward normal. Immunization during the time of B-lymphocyte depletion, although ineffective, does not preclude a subsequent response to the antigen. (Source: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology)

PROQUAD (Measles, Mumps, Rubella And Varicella Virus Vaccine Live) Injection, Powder, Lyophilized, For Suspension [Merck Sharp Dohme Corp.]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Fri, 09 Sep 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Sep 9, 2011 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

Motor improvement with bilateral subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation in a patient with levodopa-responsive secondary parkinsonism

Parkinsonism and Related Disorders — Fri, 09 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

We present the case of a woman with secondary parkinsonism that developed following a Measles, Mumps, and Rubella (MMR) vaccination, who experienced sustained improvement in motor function following STN DBS. Despite the diagnosis of a secondary parkinsonism, this patient responded well to dopaminergic therapy, a good predictor of DBS outcome in patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease. This case suggests that DBS may be considered in the setting of secondary parkinsonism if such patients have levodopa-responsive symptoms. (Source: Parkinsonism and Related Disorders)

Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of infections during pregnancy: implementation of recommended interventions, United States, 2003-2004

American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology — Fri, 09 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Improved prenatal screening and administration of indicated treatments or interventions, particularly for syphilis, GBS, chlamydia, and gonorrhea, will further protect newborns from infection. (Source: American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology)

Acute ITP Due to Insect Bite: Report of 2 Cases

Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis — Thu, 08 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) of childhood is a common hematologic disorder. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura is characterized by increased destruction of antibody-coated platelets in the reticuloendothelial system. In the majority of children with acute ITP, thrombocytopenia occurs within 1 to 3 weeks after an infectious disease. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura may also occur after rubella, rubeola, chickenpox, or live virus vaccination. Here we report 2 cases with acute ITP that were developed after honeybee and insect bite. (Source: Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis)

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Notes from the field: measles outbreak --- indiana, june--july 2011.

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... — Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Abstract On June 20, 2011, an emergency department (ED) physician reported five epidemiologically linked measles cases to the Indiana State Department of Health. The subsequent investigation identified a total of 14 confirmed cases in northeast Indiana. Of these, 10 were laboratory-confirmed, and four were among household contacts of persons with laboratory-confirmed measles. Of the 14 patients, 13 were unvaccinated persons in the same extended family. The nonfamily member was a child aged 23 months who had received 1 dose of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine 4 months before illness onset. Four of the 14 patients were males; median age was 11.5 years (range: 15 months--27 years). One patient was a woman in week 32 of pregnancy who was hospitalized for acute pneumonitis...

National and state vaccination coverage among children aged 19--35 months --- United States, 2010.

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... — Fri, 02 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

This report describes the 2010 NIS coverage estimates for children born during January 2007--July 2009. Nationally, vaccination coverage increased in 2010 compared with 2009 for ≥1 dose of measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine (MMR), from 90.0% to 91.5%; ≥4 doses of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV), from 80.4% to 83.3%; the birth dose of hepatitis B vaccine (HepB), from 60.8% to 64.1%; ≥2 doses of hepatitis A vaccine (HepA), from 46.6% to 49.7%; rotavirus vaccine, from 43.9% to 59.2%; and the full series of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine, from 54.8% to 66.8%. Coverage for poliovirus vaccine (93.3%), MMR (91.5%), ≥3 doses HepB (91.8%), and varicella vaccine (90.4%) continued to be at or above the national health objective targets of 90% for these vaccines.* The percen...

National survey shows more young children getting vaccines

Reuters: Health — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 19:19:47 +0100

ATLANTA (Reuters) - Despite some public concerns about vaccine safety, more young children are getting immunized in the United States for preventable diseases such as measles, mumps, rubella and hepatitis A, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported on Thursday. (Source: Reuters: Health)

National Survey Shows More Young Children Getting Vaccines

MedlinePlus Health News — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 18:19:47 +0100

Despite some public concerns about vaccine safety, more young children are getting immunized in the United States for preventable diseases such as measles, mumps, rubella and hepatitis A, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reported on Thursday.Source: Reuters Health Related MedlinePlus Pages: Childhood Immunization, Health Statistics (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

A point-of-care test for measles diagnosis: detection of measles-specific IgM antibodies and viral nucleic acid.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: The POCT has the sensitivity and specificity required of a field-based test for measles diagnosis. However, its role in global measles control programmes requires further evaluation. PMID: 21897488 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Bulletin of the World Health Organization)

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Immune response to second dose of MMR vaccine in Indian children.

The Indian Journal of Medical Research — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Gomber S, Arora SK, Das S, Ramachandran VG Abstract Background & objectives : MMR vaccine in a two dose schedule has successfully eliminated measles, mumps and rubella from many developed countries. In India, it is not a part of national immunization programme but is included in the State immunization programme of Delhi as a single dose between 15-18 months. This prospective study was carried out to assess the extent of seroprotection against these three diseases in immunized children and to study the immune response to a second dose of MMR. Methods : Consecutive children aged 4-6 yr, attending the immunization clinic of a tertiary care hospital in Delhi for routine DT vaccination, were enrolled. Second dose of MMR was given and pre- and post-vaccination antibody level...

Survey shows more young children getting vaccines

Modern Medicine — Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Prevention of Varicella: Update of Recommendations for Use of Quadrivalent and Monovalent Varicella Vaccines in Children

PEDIATRICS — Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Two varicella-containing vaccines are licensed for use in the United States: monovalent varicella vaccine (Varivax [Merck & Co, Inc, West Point, PA]) and quadrivalent measles-mumps-rubella-varicella vaccine (MMRV) (ProQuad [Merck & Co, Inc]). It is estimated from postlicensure data that after vaccination at 12 through 23 months of age, 7 to 9 febrile seizures occur per 10 000 children who receive the MMRV, and 3 to 4 febrile seizures occur per 10 000 children who receive the measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) and varicella vaccines administered concurrently but at separate sites. Thus, 1 additional febrile seizure is expected to occur per approximately 2300 to 2600 children 12 to 23 months old vaccinated with the MMRV, when compared with separate MMR and varicella vaccine administration. ...

Vaccination in paediatric patients with auto-immune rheumatic diseases: A systemic literature review for the European League against Rheumatism evidence-based recommendations.

Autoimmunity Reviews — Sun, 28 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Data on safety and efficacy of vaccinations in paediatric patients with rheumatic diseases is reassuring, but too limited to draw definite conclusions. More research is needed on the safety and efficacy of especially live-attenuated vaccines in patients with rheumatic and autoinflammatory diseases using high dose immunosuppressive drugs. PMID: 21896342 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Autoimmunity Reviews)

Measles mumps and rubella virus vaccine: Anaphylaxis in paediatric patients with egg and milk allergies: 3 case reports

Reactions — Sat, 27 Aug 2011 15:26:04 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

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Acute life threatening cerebellitis presenting with no apparent cerebellar signs

Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery — Fri, 26 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Acute cerebellitis is an inflammatory syndrome which can occur as either a primary infectious, para or post infectious disorder. Infectious pathogens that have been reported to be causal or associated with acute cerebellitis include varicella, measles, mumps, rubella, Epstein-Barr virus, cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex virus, influenza virus, parainfluenza virus, poliovirus, coxsackie virus, salmonella typhi, Borrelia burgdorferi, Coxiela burnetii, bordetella pertussis and mycoplasma pneumoniae . The incidence of acute cerebellitis is unknown and the literature has consisted primarily of a collection of case reports. Acute cerebellitis may also occur without evidence of preceding or concurrent infection . (Source: Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery)

Vaccine Cleared Again as Autism Culprit

NYT Health — Thu, 25 Aug 2011 22:42:26 +0100

A report by the Institute of Medicine found that the chickenpox vaccine can cause illness many years later, but that there is no evidence that the vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella causes autism. (Source: NYT Health)

Few Adverse Events Linked to Vaccines, IOM Panel SaysFew Adverse Events Linked to Vaccines, IOM Panel Says

Medscape Today Headlines — Thu, 25 Aug 2011 18:30:14 +0100

The expert committee also reported that scientific evidence favors rejecting a causal relationship between autism and the measles, mumps, and rubella vaccine. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Vaccines Largely Safe, U.S. Expert Panel Finds

MedlinePlus Health News — Thu, 25 Aug 2011 14:05:43 +0100

After a close review of more than 1,000 research studies, a federal panel of experts has concluded that vaccines cause very few side effects, and found no evidence that vaccines cause autism or type 1 diabetes. Source: Reuters Health Related MedlinePlus Pages: Childhood Immunization, Rubella (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

Straight Talk about Vaccination

Scientific American Topic - Medical Technology — Wed, 24 Aug 2011 14:00:00 +0100

Last year 10 children died in California in the worst whooping cough outbreak to sweep the state since 1947. In the first six months of 2011, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recorded 10 measles outbreaks--the largest of which (21 cases) occurred in a Minnesota county, where many children were unvaccinated because of parental concerns about the safety of the standard MMR vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella. At least seven infants in the county who were too young to receive the MMR vaccine were infected.These troubling statistics show that the failure to vaccinate children endangers both the health of children themselves as well as others who would not be exposed to preventable illness if the community as a whole were better protected. Equally troubling, the number of d...

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If there are no randomised controlled trials, do we always need more research?

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Sat, 20 Aug 2011 17:00:05 +0100

The objective of the effectiveness part of the review is: "To review the existing evidence on the absolute effectiveness of MMR vaccine in children (by the effect of the vaccine on the incidence of clinical cases of measles, mumps and rubella)."The inclusion criteria are: "Vaccination with any combined MMR vaccine given independently, in any dose, preparation or time schedule compared with do-nothing or placebo."The primary outcome is: "Clinical cases: measles, mumps or rubella." By using this outcome the authors exclude studies that assess antibody response to the vaccine as a measure of vaccine effectiveness. The question of whether or not antibody response is a good indicator of immunity (and if there is any reason to doubt the practice of measuring antibody response in vaccine studies)...

Occupational risk for cytomegalovirus, but not for parvovirus B19 in child-care personnel in France

Journal of Infection — Tue, 16 Aug 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: French female child-care staff runs an occupational risk for CMV infection, but not for B19V infection. The fraction attributable to this CMV occupational risk was not higher than the risk associated with personal factors. (Source: Journal of Infection)

The Project of “Virus‐induced anterior Uveitis”

Acta Ophthalmologica — Sat, 13 Aug 2011 09:17:28 +0100

Conclusion We plan a worldwide prospective trial for reaching more information about the role of virus in anterior uveitis, with tap of the anterior chamber and evaluation of the antigen and the antibody response. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

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Diagnostics of virus‐induced anterior uveitis

Acta Ophthalmologica — Sat, 13 Aug 2011 09:17:27 +0100

Conclusion Basing on published evidence, a systematic diagnosis of infectious agents in presumed viral anterior uveitis has to be postulated for all cases without a clear clinical diagnosis or a poor response to therapy. If access to a qualified laboratory is lacking, a parallel sample of serum and aqueous humour should be collected and be referred to one of the international referrence laboratories if the clinical situation is developing unfavourably. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Anterior uveitis with intraocular fluid analysis positive for Rubella virus

Acta Ophthalmologica — Sat, 13 Aug 2011 09:17:26 +0100

Conclusion Our results point out clinical differences between RV‐AU, HSV‐AU and VZV‐AU and might be especially of value to ophthalmologists who lack the possibility of intraocular fluids analysis to discriminate rubella virus AU from herpes virus AU. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

10-minute consultation: Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination in a child with suspected egg allergy

NeLM - News — Wed, 03 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

This article forms part of a series of occasional articles on common problems in primary care. The current article focuses on measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccination in a child with suspected egg allergy. (Source: NeLM - News)

Measles, mumps, and rubella vaccination in a child with suspected egg allergy

BMJ Online First — Tue, 02 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

A mother presents with her 12 month old son requesting testing for an egg allergy before the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccination; his older sister has a severe egg allergy.What you should... (Source: BMJ Online First)

Protection of medical and paramedical university students in Lebanon against measles, mumps, rubella and varicella: Active measures are needed

Journal of Infection and Public Health — Sun, 31 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Since, in this population, very few individuals were able to present a proof of adequate vaccination, it is recommended to systematically vaccinate healthcare students in Lebanon against MMR. For varicella, selective vaccination after serological testing should be performed. (Source: Journal of Infection and Public Health)

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Effect of Season of Inoculation on Immune Response to Rubella Vaccine in Children

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics — Wed, 27 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

The yearly seasons are marked by changes in the amount of sunlight. Ultraviolet radiation (UVR) is known to adversely affect the course of viral infections, immunologic memory and cellular and humoral immune responses. Our objectives were to investigate potential differences in the immune response of the rubella vaccine after 3–4 years by season of inoculation. Children aged 4–5 years attending four kindergartens in villages in northern Israel, all of whom had been vaccinated at 1 year of age, were enrolled in the study. Participants were divided into three groups by season of the year in which the inoculation was performed: summer (N = 63), winter (N = 36) and intermediate (N = 104). Main outcome measures were mean geometrical titer of rubella antibodies and complete, partial ...

Class II enveloped viruses

Cellular Microbiology — Sun, 24 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

ABSTRACTA number of viruses transport their genomic material from cell to cell enclosed within a lipid bilayer that is in turn encased within a symmetric protein shell. This review focuses in a group of RNA viruses that have this type of virions. This group includes several of important human pathogenic viruses, such as the hepatitis C virus, dengue virus, chikungunya virus, rubella virus, and the bunyaviruses. The best studied are the flaviviruses and the alphaviruses, which have a β‐sheet rich class II viral fusion protein used for entry into susceptible cells. We extend here the class II concept to encompass symmetric viruses in which the envelope proteins are derived from a precursor polyprotein containing two transmembrane glycoproteins arranged in tandem. The first glycoprotein ac...

Measles mumps and rubella virus vaccine: Lack of efficacy leading to subacute sclerosing panencephalitis: case report

Reactions — Wed, 20 Jul 2011 16:58:58 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Murdoch's media malpractice and the genetic altering of human beings through DNA vaccines

NaturalNews.com — Wed, 20 Jul 2011 07:00:00 +0100

(NaturalNews) Rupert Murdoch's media empire News Corp., which represents the second largest media conglomerate in the world behind the Walt Disney Company, is taking a severe beating as Murdoch himself is having to address various criminal allegations, including that his News of the World tabloid illegally hacked private phone lines and committed various other crimes (http://www.naturalnews.com/033034_News_of_the_World_scandal.html).But Murdoch's media malpractice runs even deeper as his strong connections to the pharmaceutical industry also fueled his media machine's fabrication of lies against Dr. Andrew Wakefield, as well as hid from the public the true dangers of DNA vaccines that permanently corrupt human genes and cause autism.Murdoch has built quite a reputation for himself as a sco...

Comparison of Rubella Virus- and Herpes Virus-Associated Anterior Uveitis: Clinical Manifestations and Visual Prognosis

Ophthalmology — Mon, 18 Jul 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: These observations identify clinical differences between RV AU, HSV AU, and VZV AU and may be of particular value to ophthalmologists who are unable to carry out intraocular fluid analysis to discriminate between these types of viral AU.Financial Disclosure(s): The author(s) have no proprietary or commercial interest in any materials discussed in this article. (Source: Ophthalmology)

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Rubella vaccines: WHO position paper.

Weekly Epidemiological Record — Thu, 14 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: PMID: 21766537 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Weekly Epidemiological Record)

A World Without Measles

About.com Pediatrics — Wed, 13 Jul 2011 15:42:17 +0100

A supplement to the July issue of the Journal of Infectious Diseases, "Global Progress Toward Measles Eradication and Prevention of Rubella and Congenital Rubella Syndrome," looks at the global efforts to eradicate measles....Read Full Post (Source: About.com Pediatrics)

An improved Fc function assay utilizing CMV antigen‐coated red blood cells generated with synthetic function–spacer–lipid constructs

Vox Sanguinis — Mon, 11 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion The use of CMV kodecytes was shown to be a convenient means of generating red cells for the determination of Fc function of immunoglobulin products and offers the possibility of significantly reducing the time required to perform this assay. (Source: Vox Sanguinis)

Rubella: Most serious during pregnancy

MayoClinic.com Full Feed — Sat, 09 Jul 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Rubella — Comprehensive overview covers symptoms, prevention of this viral infection during pregnancy. (Source: MayoClinic.com Full Feed)

Randomised cluster trial to support informed parental decision-making for the MMR vaccine

BMC Public Health - Latest articles — Wed, 15 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Background: In the UK public concern about the safety of the combined measles, mumps and rubella [MMR] vaccine continues to impact on MMR coverage. Whilst the sharp decline in uptake has begun to level out, first and second dose uptake rates remain short of that required for population immunity. Furthermore, international research consistently shows that some parents lack confidence in making a decision about MMR vaccination for their children. Together, this work suggests that effective interventions are required to support parents to make informed decisions about MMR.This trial assessed the impact of a parent-centred, multi-component intervention (balanced information, group discussion, coaching exercise) on informed parental decision-making for MMR. Methods: This was a two arm, cluster ...

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Microarray Profiling Analysis Uncovers Common Molecular Mechanisms of Rubella Virus, Human Cytomegalovirus, and Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infections in ECV304 Cells.

Current Molecular Medicine — Sun, 12 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mo X, Xu L, Yang Q, Feng H, Peng J, Zhang Y, Yuan W, Wang Y, Li Y, Deng Y, Wan Y, Chen Z, Li F, Wu X To study the common molecular mechanisms of various viruses infections that might result in congential cardiovascular diseases in perinatal period, changes in mRNA expression levels of ECV304 cells infected by rubella virus (RUBV), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) were analyzed using a microarray system representing 18,716 human genes. 99 genes were found to exhibit differential expression (80 up-regulated and 19 down-regulated). Biological process analysis showed that 33 signaling pathways including 22 genes were relevant significantly to RV, HCMV and HSV-II infections. Of these 33 biological processes, 28 belong to one-gene biological proc...

Pityriasis lichenoides et varioliformis acuta: A rare association with the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine

Australasian Journal of Dermatology — Sat, 11 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

We report the second case of PL et varioliformis acuta (PLEVA) occurring after measles vaccination and the first following the combined measles, mumps, rubella vaccination. (Source: Australasian Journal of Dermatology)

[Ophthalmologic manifestations of congenital rubella.]

Archives de Pediatrie — Thu, 09 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

We report the case of a 6-year-old girl presenting with a unilateral congenital cataract associated with congenital rubella. She was referred for complaints of high myopia in her right eye. She had a family history of cardiac and urogenital malformations, and presented deafness at birth. The ophthalmologic examination showed a microcornea and a unilateral dense congenital cataract in the right eye. B-scan ophthalmic ultrasound revealed a posterior microphthalmos. The anterior segment examination of the left eye was normal. Funduscopy revealed a salt-and-pepper appearance. Laboratory tests revealed a positive serology, confirming the congenital rubella. Given her complaints of loss of visual acuity in the right eye, the patient was operated on with a phacoaspiration implant in the capsular ...

Prenatal Infection and Immune Models of Schizophrenia

Springer protocols feed by Neuroscience — Thu, 09 Jun 2011 01:33:17 +0100

An increasing number of epidemiologic studies have implicated in utero exposure to infection in the etiopathogenesis of schizophrenia. Recent work has capitalized on the use of prospectively acquired data on infection based on maternal biomarkers. These studies suggest that several maternal infections, including rubella, influenza, toxoplasmosis, herpes simplex virus/other genital-reproductive infections, and elevations in the cytokines interleukin-8 and TNF-a, are associated with increased schizophrenia risk among offspring. Animal models of in utero infection offer the potential to corroborate these findings under controlled conditions and address etiopathogenic mechanisms. Models of maternal immune activation (MIA) and behavioral and brain anomalies in schizophrenia have primarily emplo...

Adult Immunizations: Update on Recommendations

The American Journal of Medicine — Tue, 07 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract: The Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices recommends universal influenza vaccination for 2010-2011. Older adults should be offered protection against herpes zoster, and younger adults should receive immunization against human papilloma virus and pertussis. Hepatitis B vaccination should be encouraged in non-immune adults. Recommendations also address vaccinations for tetanus/diphtheria, hepatitis A, pneumococcus, measles/mumps/rubella, and meningococcus. (Source: The American Journal of Medicine)

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Mumps exposure of a health care provider working in a neonatal intensive care unit leads to a hospital-wide effort that prevented an outbreak

American Journal of Infection Control — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Infection control efforts, including vaccinating susceptible HCPs and instituting droplet precautions, might have prevented mumps infection in the NICU patients. (Source: American Journal of Infection Control)

Vaccination coverage among children in kindergarten --- United States, 2009--10 school year.

MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... — Thu, 02 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

This report summarizes data from school assessment surveys submitted to CDC by 48 federal immunization program grantees (including 47 states and the District of Columbia) for the 2009--10 school year to describe vaccination coverage and exemption rates (2). For that period, 17 grantees reported coverage of ?95% for four vaccines (poliovirus, DTP/DTaP/DT, MMR, and HepB) and four grantees reported coverage of ≥95% for 2 doses of varicella vaccine. Total exemption rates, including medical, religious, and philosophical exemptions, ranged from <1% to 6.2% across grantees, and 15 grantees reported exemption rates <1%. Survey methods for vaccination coverage and exemption rates varied among grantees, making comparisons difficult and limiting the use of school assessment surveys to report ...

SLAM and DC-SIGN measles receptor polymorphisms and their impact on antibody and cytokine responses to measles vaccine.

Vaccine — Thu, 02 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that DC-SIGN -139C/T, -336C/T and -871C/T polymorphisms may modulate cytokine (but not antibody) responses to the measles component of MMR vaccine. Furthermore, contrasting previous studies, SLAM polymorphisms do not appear to affect measles antibody or cytokine responses in this cohort. PMID: 21645571 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Vaccine)

Mutual interference on the immune response to yellow fever vaccine and a combined vaccine against measles, mumps and rubella.

Vaccine — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Nascimento Silva JR, Camacho LA, Siqueira MM, Freire MD, Castro YP, Maia MD, Yamamura AM, Martins RM, Leal MD, A randomized trial was conducted to assess the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of yellow fever vaccines (YFV) given either simultaneously in separate injections, or 30 days or more after a combined measles-rubella-mumps (MRM) vaccine. Volunteers were also randomized to YFV produced from 17DD and WHO-17D-213 substrains. The study group comprised 1769 healthy 12-month-old children brought to health care centers in Brasilia for routine vaccination. The reactogenicity was of the type and frequency expected for the vaccines and no severe adverse event was associated to either vaccine. Seroconversion and seropositivity 30 days or more after vaccination against yellow fev...

MMR vaccinations: which places have the best and worst rates?

Guardian Unlimited Science — Fri, 27 May 2011 15:15:51 +0100

With MMR vaccinations down, and measles cases up, what's happening across England?• Get the dataMMR vaccinations are down and now new data shows that more than 330 cases of measles have been reported in the first three months of 2011 – nearly as many as the whole of last year.Vaccines and immunisation generally have become a hot topic, following the Andrew Wakefield controversy over the safety of MMR (Measles, Mumps & Rubella) vaccine. Perhaps as a result of the furore, in some areas less than a third of children are vaccinated by the time of their fifth birthday.Data from the Health Protection Agency (HPA) reveals 334 confirmed cases of measles to the end of April in England and Wales, compared with 33 cases for the same period last year, and 374 in all of 2010.The numbers are still q...

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An unusual kynurenine-containing opioid tetrapeptide from the skin gland secretion of the Australian red tree frog Litoria rubella. Sequence determination by electrospray mass spectrometry.

Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry : RCM — Mon, 23 May 2011 00:30:27 +0100

Authors: Ellis-Steinborner ST, Scanlon D, Musgrave IF, Tran TT, Hack S, Wang T, Abell AD, Tyler MJ, Bowie JH The Kyn-containing peptide FP-Kyn-L(NH(2) ) is an unusual minor component of the skin peptide profile of the Australian red tree frog Litoria rubella collected from an area within a 20 kilometre radius of Alice Springs in central Australia. The structure was determined by electrospray mass spectrometry and synthesis. The major component of the skin secretion is the analogous tryptophyllin peptide FPWL(NH(2) ). Both peptides show opioid activity at 10(-7) M, and are likely to act via the μ opioid receptor. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. PMID: 21598333 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry : RCM)

Congenital rubella syndrome and autism spectrum disorder prevented by rubella vaccination - United States, 2001-2010

BMC Public Health - Latest articles — Wed, 18 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: We estimate that rubella vaccination prevented substantial numbers of CRS and ASD cases in the United States from 2001 through 2010. These findings provide additional incentive to maintain high measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination coverage. (Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles)

Sero-survey of rubella IgM antibodies among children in Jos, Nigeria.

Virology Journal — Wed, 18 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Sero-survey of rubella IgM antibodies was carried out among children aged 0-10 years in Jos, Nigeria. Blood samples were collected from the subjects and sera extracted. Of the 93(100%) assayed for the rubella IgM antibody, 42(45.2%) were seropositive for rubella IgM antibody while 51(54.8%) were seronegative. A breakdown of the seropositive subjects reveals that 14(15.1%) of the infected children were males while 28(30.1%) were females. Those subjects within the age groups of 1-2, 3-4 and 5-6 years had the highest prevalence of 8(8.6%) followed by those within the age groups of 7-8, 9-10 years with 7(7.5%). Blood transfusion as a risk factor did not show any significant influence on the status of the subjects. The demographic data of the mothers of the subjects were also linked with the se...

Two doses of mumps "MMR" vaccine better than one

Reuters: Health — Wed, 18 May 2011 17:14:57 +0100

NEW YORK (Reuters Health) - A recent outbreak of mumps in Canada underscores the importance of getting the recommended two doses of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine, researchers reported Monday. (Source: Reuters: Health)

Two doses of mumps MMR vaccine better than one: study

Reuters: Health — Wed, 18 May 2011 02:48:09 +0100

NEW YORK (Reuters Life!) - A recent outbreak of mumps in Canada underscores the importance of getting the recommended two doses of measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccine and not just one, according to a study. (Source: Reuters: Health)

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Two doses of mumps MMR vaccine better than one

NeLM - News — Tue, 17 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Source: CMAJ Area: News According to research published early online in the Canadian Medical Association Journal, two doses of the MMR vaccine are better than one. This analysis was done to assess vaccine effectiveness of one and two doses of the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine during an outbreak of mumps in Ontario. Information on confirmed cases of mumps was retrieved from Ontario's integrated Public Health Information System, and cases that occurred between Sept. 1, 2009, and June 10, 2010, were included. A total of 134 confirmed cases of mumps were identified, and information on receipt of MMR vaccine was available for 114 (85.1%) cases. Of these, 63 (55.3%) reported having received only one dose of vaccine, and 32 (28.1%) reported having received two d...

Two doses of mumps "MMR" vaccine better than one

Reuters: Health — Tue, 17 May 2011 19:48:04 +0100

Two doses of mumps 'MMR' vaccine better than one

Reuters: Health — Tue, 17 May 2011 18:25:33 +0100

Young adults may need mumps booster vaccine

CTV Health — Tue, 17 May 2011 11:11:47 +0100

Doctors are questioning whether the standard early-childhood, two-dose inoculation for measles, mumps and rubella, known as the MMR vaccine, is enough to provide lasting immunity against the virus. (Source: CTV Health)

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Seroprevalence of measles and natural rubella antibodies among children in Bangui, Central African Republic

BMC Public Health - Latest articles — Mon, 16 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The findings suggest that despite efforts to accelerate measles control by giving a second dose of measles vaccine, a large number of children remain susceptible to measles virus. Further research is required to determine the geographic extent of immunity gaps and the factors that influence immunity to measles virus in the Central African Republic. (Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles)

An assessment of mumps vaccine effectiveness by dose during an outbreak in Canada.

cmaj — Sun, 15 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Deeks SL, Lim GH, Simpson MA, Gagné L, Gubbay J, Kristjanson E, Fung C, Crowcroft NS Background This investigation was done to assess vaccine effectiveness of one and two doses of the measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine during an outbreak of mumps in Ontario. The level of coverage required to reach herd immunity and interrupt community transmission of mumps was also estimated. Methods Information on confirmed cases of mumps was retrieved from Ontario's integrated Public Health Information System. Cases that occurred between Sept. 1, 2009, and June 10, 2010, were included. Selected health units supplied coverage data from the Ontario Immunization Record Information System. Vaccine effectiveness by dose was calculated using the screening method. The basic reproductive numb...

Measles mumps and rubella virus vaccine: Febrile rash in an infant: case report

Reactions — Wed, 11 May 2011 17:13:45 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Seroprevalence of cytomegalovirus and rubella among pregnant women in western Sudan

Virology Journal — Tue, 10 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: CMV prevalence was 72.2% and rubella susceptibility among pregnant women was 34.6%. Rubella vaccine and routine screening for rubella and CMV should be introduced for pregnant women in this setting. Further research is needed.. (Source: Virology Journal)

The effect of live, attenuated measles vaccine and measles infection on measles antibody levels in serum and CSF of patients with multiple sclerosis or clinically isolated syndrome

Journal of Neuroimmunology — Sun, 08 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Abstract: High occurrence of measles, rubella and varicella zoster antibodies has been used as a biomarker for MS (the MRZ test). We analyzed measles antibody titres with respect to measles infection/measles vaccination status in 166 patients with MS or clinically isolated syndrome. Fifty blood donors served as controls. Measles vaccination yielded CSF measles antibodies in fewer patients (62%) than measles infection did (87%, p=0.001) and yielded lower measles titres in both serum and CSF (p (Source: Journal of Neuroimmunology)

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PAHO/WHO Urges Travelers To The Americas To Get Vaccinated Against Measles And Rubella

Health News from Medical News Today — Wed, 04 May 2011 08:00:00 +0100

The Pan American Health Organization/World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) is urging international travelers to get vaccinated against measles and rubella before visiting the Western Hemisphere, to reduce the risk of reintroducing these two diseases, which have been eliminated from the Americas. PAHO/WHO issued the epidemiological alert last week in view of increased international travel expected for upcoming cultural and sporting events hosted by countries in the Americas... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Vaccination during pregnancy.

Canadian Family Physician Medecin de Famille Canadien — Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Bozzo P, Narducci A, Einarson A Question One of my patients is studying to become a dental hygienist. Owing to the program requirements, she received several vaccinations last week, including measles-mumps-rubella, varicella, and hepatitis B (HB) vaccines, as well as a tetanus booster. However, today a blood test confirmed that she is currently 6 weeks pregnant. What is known about the safety of these vaccines during pregnancy, and are there any general recommendations for vaccines for women who are planning to become pregnant or who are currently pregnant? Answer The combination measles-mumps-rubella vaccine and the varicella vaccine are live attenuated vaccines, and are contraindicated during pregnancy owing to theoretical concerns. However, there is no evidence that there a...

Detection of human herpesvirus 7 infection in young children presenting with exanthema subitum.

Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz — Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, we detected HHV-7 DNA in young children from the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. PMID: 21655829 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz)

Detection of platelet-binding anti-measles and anti-rubella virus IgG antibodies in infants with vaccine-induced thrombocytopenic purpura.

Vaccine — Fri, 29 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Okazaki N, Takeguchi M, Sonoda K, Handa Y, Kakiuchi T, Miyahara H, Akiyoshi K, Korematsu S, Suenobu S, Izumi T A 15-month-old infant presented with thrombocytopenic purpura after sequential administration of measles-rubella combined vaccine, varicella vaccine and mumps vaccine every 4 weeks. Her thrombocytopenia persisted for more than 12 months. Both anti-measles and anti-rubella virus IgG antibodies were detected in the patient's-isolated platelets on day 154 of illness, which were not detected when there was a reduction of the serum IgG antibody titers on days 298 and 373 of illness, respectively.We also detected the isolated platelet-binding anti-measles and anti-rubella virus IgG antibodies in two other pediatric patients. This is the first report demonstrating direct evi...

A large observational study to concurrently assess persistence of measles specific B-cell and T-cell immunity in individuals following two doses of MMR vaccine.

Vaccine — Fri, 29 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, in a large observational study of measles immunity, we used an automated high-throughput measles virus-specific neutralization assay to measure humoral immunity, and concurrently determined measles-specific cellular immunity to aid the assessment of potential susceptibility to measles in vaccinated populations. PMID: 21539880 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Vaccine)

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County-level trends in vaccination coverage among children aged 19-35 months - United States, 1995-2008.

MMWR Surveill Summ — Thu, 28 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Smith PJ, Singleton JA, Problem/Condition: Estimated trends in county-level vaccination coverage compared with national health objectives and associated with other variables (e.g., access to care, economic conditions, and demographic characteristics) have not been reported previously. Reporting Period: 1995-2008. Description of System: The National Immunization Survey (NIS) is an ongoing, random-digit-dialed telephone survey that gathers vaccination coverage data from households with children aged 19-35 months in 50 states and selected urban areas and territories. Results: During 1995-2008, 185,336 children aged 19-35 months sampled by NIS had adequate provider data and lived in one of the 257 counties where the combined sample size for at least one of the seven biennial peri...

How Vaccines Can Prevent Serious Diseases

WebMD Health — Thu, 28 Apr 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Vaccines can protect you from serious diseases like measles, mumps, rubella, and meningitis. Immunization facts you should know. (Source: WebMD Health)

A Comparative Study of Immune Status to Infectious Agents in Elderly with Multiple Myeloma, Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia, and Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology — Tue, 19 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Karlsson J, Andreasson B, Kondori N, Erman E, Riesbeck K, Hogevik H, Wennerås C Whereas patients with multiple myeloma (MM) have a well-documented susceptibility to infections, this has been less studied in other B-cell disorders such as Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia (WM) and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS). We investigated the humoral immunity to 24 different pathogens in elderly patients with MM (n=25), WM (n=16), MGUS (n=18) and age-matched controls (n=20). Antibody titers against pneumococci, staphylococcal alphatoxin, tetanus and diphtheria toxoids, varicella, mumps and rubella viruses were most depressed in MM patients, next-to-lowest in WM and MGUS patients, and highest in the controls. In contrast, antibodies specific for staphylococcal tei...

Diagnosis of recent primary rubella virus infections: Significance of glycoprotein-based IgM serology, IgG avidity and immunoblot analysis.

Journal of Virological Methods — Tue, 12 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, using RV glycoprotein antigen improves the specificity of indirect IgM ELISA. In cases of RV-specific IgM reactivity, recent primary rubella infection can be confirmed or excluded efficiently by specific IgG avidity and immunoblot analysis. PMID: 21513745 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Virological Methods)