MedWorm: Scabies

NATURASIL SCABIES (Sulfur) Liquid [Nature'S Innovation, Inc.]

DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST) — Fri, 03 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Updated Date: Feb 3, 2012 EST (Source: DailyMed Drug Label Updates for the last seven days (since May 20, 2007 EST))

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Scabies and pediculosis: neglected diseases to highlight

Clinical Microbiology and Infection — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection)

Betamethasone/prednisone: Erythrodermic crusted scabies in an elderly patient, treated with ivermectin: case report

Reactions — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 19:08:18 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Skin diseases in Greek and immigrant children in Athens

International Journal of Dermatology — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 17:43:15 +0100

Conclusions Children diagnosed with skin diseases 24–30 years earlier were younger; exhibited lower prevalences of dermatitis/eczema (P = 0.01), viral infections (P < 0.001) and nevi (P < 0.001); higher prevalences of bacterial and fungal infections (P < 0.001) and insect bites (P < 0.01); and similar rates of scabies (P = 0.17). This study documents the high prevalence of atopic dermatitis in the region, the increasing incidence of viral infections and nevi, and the continuing problem of scabies, especially in immigrants. (Source: International Journal of Dermatology)

Dermatologic infestations

International Journal of Dermatology — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 17:42:35 +0100

AbstractHead lice are transmitted by head to head contact. Optimal therapy includes malathion lotion 0.5% repeated in one week left on for 30 minutes to 8 hours. Spinosad topical suspension 0.9% repeated in one week left on for 10 minutes is another option. Scabies is transmitted mainly by direct contact but also via heavily infested fomites due to crusted scabies. Permethrin 5% cream to the body repeated in four days is often sufficient; however, scalp treatment with malathion lotion 0.5% is helpful in crusted scabies and in infested children. Oral ivermectin 200 mcg/kg is another option, repeated in four days. For scabies more than lice, fomites should be placed in a drier at 60 °C for 10 minutes to kill the arthropods. Treatment of close contacts in both cases will control ...

Scabies outbreak shuts hospital wards

Nursing Times Breaking News — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 00:00:00 +0100

Two wards at a hospital in Sussex had to be closed to new admissions for 48 hours after an outbreak of scabies. (Source: Nursing Times Breaking News)

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Quantitative PCR-based genome size estimation of the astigmatid mites Sarcoptes scabiei, Psoroptes ovis and Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus

Parasites and Vectors — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

qPCR based genome estimations and determination of chromosome numbers in metaphase-arrested cells provide a first insight into the genetic organisation of astigmatid scabies mites, sheep scab mites and house dust mites. Image: Female Sarcoptes scabiei mite isolated from skin biopsies viewed through a Zeiss inverted light microscope. Photo credit: Katja Fischer. (Source: Parasites and Vectors)

Scabies Crustosa Following Corticosteroid Therapy in an Elderly Patient.

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Sivasubramanian G, Siddiqui MF, Tangella KR PMID: 22222331 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The American Journal of the Medical Sciences)

Scabies: A Review of Diagnosis and Management Based on Mite Biology

Pediatrics in Review — Sat, 31 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Pediatrics in Review)

Acute Morbidity Associated with Scabies and Other Ectoparasitoses Rapidly Improves After Treatment with Ivermectin

Pediatric Dermatology — Fri, 30 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract: In resource‐poor settings, scabies is associated with considerable morbidity. Which factors determine morbidity and how rapidly it recedes after specific treatment is not known. Patients with scabies were recruited in three urban slums in Fortaleza, Northeast Brazil. Diagnosis was established according to dermatoscopy, skin scraping, or adhesive film test. Severity of scabies‐associated morbidity was assessed semiquantitatively. Patients and close contacts were treated with oral ivermectin (200 μg/kg, repeated after 7 days) and followed up for 2 weeks. Ninety‐five patients were included in the study. Papules were the most common lesion type (98.9%). Excoriations due to scratching were observed in 43.2% and bacterial superinfection in 24.2%. Predilection sites were...

Worldwide Wednesday Wrap-Up

Red Cross Chat — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 21:02:08 +0100

This Worldwide Wednesday Wrap-Up is courtesy of Scott Waggoner, from Cross Blog: Award-winning Red Cross news and views from Oregon and beyond Welcome to the Worldwide Wednesday Wrap-Up, in which we consolidate the international Red Cross and Red Crescent news into one list of bite-sized links for you. It’s a non-comprehensive sampling of the larger and/or more intriguing aspects of our global work… EAST TIMOR: A team of well-trained Red Cross Volunteers recently helped with a horrific collision in regional East Timor. Four people died and almost 20 more were seriously injured when a troop carrier crashed two hours south of the capital, Dili. Nurses and doctors at the local hospital in Aileu were overwhelmed by the size of the emergency and Cruz Vermelha de Timor-Leste volunte...

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Sun & Scabies: 2011's Most Read Dermatology ArticlesSun & Scabies: 2011's Most Read Dermatology Articles

Medscape Dermatology Headlines — Sat, 10 Dec 2011 03:18:28 +0100

Medscape reviews 2011's most popular articles. Medscape Dermatology (Source: Medscape Dermatology Headlines)

Epidemiology of scabies in the West Bank, Palestinian Territories (Occupied)

International Journal of Infectious Diseases — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

In this study we describe the epidemiology of scabies in the West Bank, Palestine during the years 2005–2010.Methods: We examined the records and profiles of a total of 1734 patients who were admitted to the dermatology clinics of the Palestinian Ministry of Health in 2005–2010.Results: The disease was found to be prevalent in all governorates. The average annual incidence of scabies in the West Bank for 2005–2010 was 17/100 000 population. The average number of scabies patients per year in the West Bank was 26.3 per governorate, with a significant increase in the years 2009 and 2010 (p (Source: International Journal of Infectious Diseases)

[What's new in clinical dermatology?].

Annales de Dermatologie et de Cenereologie — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Couppié P Abstract This year more than 3000 medical articles referenced in PubMed concerned dermatology. Our critical analysis covers different fields of dermatology: including epidemiology, clinical, diagnostic and prognostic factors. AIDS is 30 years old and the national HIV/AIDS plan for 2010-2014 recommends generalized screening facilitated by the introduction of rapid tests for diagnostic orientation. In infectious diseases, novelties concern polyomavirus, HTLV-1, leprosy, staphylococcus infections, resistance to antibiotics and scabies. Diseases of the scalp consecutive to practices of black women hairstyles were the subject of important articles. There were two important developments in acne: first, a simplified and more operational classification, secondly a suici...

Cochrane Review: Interventions for treating scabies

Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractBackgroundScabies is an intensely itchy parasitic infection of the skin caused by the Sarcoptes scabiei mite. It is a common public health problem with an estimated global prevalence of 300 million cases. Serious adverse effects have been reported for some drugs used to treat scabies.ObjectivesTo evaluate topical and systemic drugs for treating scabies.Search strategyIn June 2010, we searched the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group Specialized Register, CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library 2010, Issue 2), MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, and INDMED. In August 2010, we also searched the grey literature and sources for registered trials. We also checked the reference lists of retrieved studies.Selection criteriaRandomized controlled trials of drug treatments for scabies.Data collection and analysisT...

Summary of ‘Interventions for treating scabies’

Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractThis is a summary of Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Strong M, Johnstone P. Interventions for treating scabies. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD000320. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000320.pub2 Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration (Source: Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal)

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Commentary on ‘Interventions for treating scabies’

Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractThis is a commentary of a Cochrane review, published in this issue of EBCH, first published as: Strong M, Johnstone P. Interventions for treating scabies. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2007, Issue 3. Art. No.: CD000320. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD000320.pub2.Further information for this Cochrane review is available in this issue of EBCH in the accompanying Summary article. Copyright © 2011 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. The Cochrane Collaboration (Source: Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal)

Skin disease in the first two years of life in Aboriginal children in East Arnhem Land.

The Australasian Journal of Dermatology — Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Skin infections are a major reason for presentation to primary health clinics and contribute to the high disease burden experienced by children in the first 2 years of life. This high frequency of presentation provides multiple opportunities for intervention and monitoring. PMID: 22070701 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Australasian Journal of Dermatology)

Ivermectin in human medicine, an overview of the current status of its clinical applications.

Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology — Mon, 31 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: González P, González FA, Ueno K Abstract Ivermectin is a broad spectrum antiparasitic veterinary drug introduced in human medicine in 1987. It is considered the drug of choice in onchocerciasis and strongyloidiasis infections, and remains as a therapeutic option for mass treatment in lymphatic filariasis, for which it has widely proved its efficacy. While research continued for human use, new therapeutic targets for ivermectin have emerged. It is currently the better therapeutic option in the treatment of gnathostomiasis and crusted scabies, and could be an alternative option in ascariasis and Mansonella infections. Although these uses are already included in clinical guidelines, more trials are needed to increase their grade of evidence and to obtain their official appr...

Incidence of Vesicobullous and Erosive Disorders of Neonates: Where and How Much to Worry?

Indian Journal of Pediatrics — Fri, 28 Oct 2011 17:18:18 +0100

Conclusions Certain specific considerations have to be born in mind while evaluating and managing neonatal dermatoses. Care has to be instituted to identify accurately infectious diseases and distinguish them from benign transient neonatal dermatoses. Some disorders first manifesting during the neonatal period may also represent harbingers of potential problems during adulthood. Finally, treatment modalities are instituted taking in account the actual diagnosis and judging if the treatment really is required or not. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s12098-011-0592-9Authors Tarang Goyal, Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology, Muzaffarnagar Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh, IndiaAnupam...

A diagnostic test for scabies: IgE specificity for a recombinant allergen of Sarcoptes scabiei

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease — Mon, 24 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

This study shows that quantification of levels of IgE antibody to rSar s 14.3 is a highly sensitive method for diagnosis of scabies infestation in clinical practice. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)

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Lindane Toxicity: A Comprehensive Review of the Medical Literature

Pediatric Dermatology — Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Lindane is an organochloride pesticide, first introduced as a scabicide for human use in the 1950s (1). Because of its low cost and efficacy, it quickly became a first‐line treatment for scabies and head lice, but not long after its use became widespread, its safety was called into question, primarily regarding its neurotoxic effects. We intend to show through review of the literature and databases that lindane has been associated with numerous severe and fatal adverse reactions. This review will summarize 67 cases of adverse reactions and deaths associated with the medical use of lindane. Many of the most serious events and fatalities occurred in pediatric and geriatric populations. We concede that toxicity frequently arises from misuse, but labeled usage of lindane caused ...

Nodöse Scabies: Hypersensitivitätsreaktion oder Infektion?

JDDG — Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:34:42 +0100

(Source: JDDG)

A 35‐month prospective study on onset of scabies in a psychiatric hospital: Discussion on patient transfer and incubation period

The Journal of Dermatology — Mon, 26 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

This study was conducted to evaluate the risk factors of scabies introduction into a hospital. We addressed the following question: Do patients transferred from other institutions pose a higher risk than patients from the community? From July 2003 to May 2006, a trained physician surveyed the inpatients and staff of a psychiatric hospital (six wards, 300 beds) on a monthly basis. During the study period, specific infection control measures beyond standard precautions, such as prophylactic treatment, were not adopted. There were 333 newly‐admitted patients during the study period and among them, 122 were transferred from other institutions. Seven patients were diagnosed with scabies. Two of these patients were infected while in the hospital (secondary infection), thus the number of introd...

Case of angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia associated with scabies infestation

The Journal of Dermatology — Fri, 23 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

(Source: The Journal of Dermatology)

Methylprednisolone/prednisone/tocilizumab: Crusted scabies in an elderly patient: case report

Reactions — Sun, 18 Sep 2011 23:35:47 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

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Epidemiologic Study of Skin Diseases Among Immigrants in Alicante, Spain.

Actas Dermo-Sifiliograficas — Tue, 13 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The immigrant population consults the dermatologist about skin conditions that are already well represented in our routine practice. As the infectious skin diseases of immigrants are also common in our environment, these patients are unlikely to transmit serious tropical skin diseases to the local population. PMID: 21920489 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Actas Dermo-Sifiliograficas)

Infested or just itchy?

Archives of Disease in Childhood - Education and Practice — Mon, 12 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

For each question, select one option from the following: A. Lichen planus B. Molluscum-associated dermatitis C. Lichen nitidus D. Atopic dermatitis E. Scabies infestation F. Prurigo nodularis G. Allergic contact dermatitis Answers to the following quiz questions can be found on page 197. Question 1 This 6-year-old boy (figure 1) presents with a 1-month history of localised red, itchy areas on the thighs. On closer inspection, there are 1–3 mm pearly, dome-shaped papules in the erythematous, scaly and slightly oedematous area. He is otherwise healthy with no history of skin disease or atopy. What is the most likely diagnosis? Question 2 This 9-year-old girl (figure 2) presents with a long history of intermittent itchy rash, particularly on the arms and legs. The itch is usually worse ...

Skin disease in the first two years of life in Aboriginal children in East Arnhem Land

Australasian Journal of Dermatology — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Topical permethrin and oral ivermectin in the management of scabies: A prospective, randomized, double blind, controlled study

Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology — Fri, 19 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Both permethrin and ivermectin in both single and two dose regimen are equally efficacious and well tolerated in scabies. However, permethrin has a rapid onset of action. (Source: Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology)

Reflectance Confocal Microscopic Features of Dermatophytes, Scabies, and Demodex [skINsight]

Archives of Dermatology — Sun, 14 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Archives of Dermatology)

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Human T‐lymphotropic Virus 1 (HTLV‐1) infection – dermatological implications

International Journal of Dermatology — Sat, 23 Jul 2011 16:18:08 +0100

AbstractHuman T‐lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV‐1) is a type C retrovirus primarily endemic to Japan, Central and South America, the Middle East, regions of Africa, and the Caribbean. Currently, an estimated 10–20 million people worldwide are infected with this virus. Although the majority of infected individuals remain asymptomatic, HTLV‐1 is the causative agent of a number of disorders, notably adult T‐cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL) and a progressive demyelinating neurological disorder, HTLV‐1‐associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). In addition to ATLL and HAM/TSP, HTLV‐1 has been associated with a spectrum of skin disorders, such as infective dermatitis associated with HTLV‐1, crusted scabies, and leprosy. The understanding of the interaction betwe...

Minerva

Sexually Transmitted Infections — Mon, 18 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

A 36 year old married man presented with a generalised itchy rash on his hands, ears, and scalp. He also had a dry cough with breathlessness. Bronchoscopy confirmed Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia. An HIV test was positive. His CD4 count was 23x106/l. His wife and other family members had also had itchy rashes for months. We diagnosed crusted (Norwegian) scabies. He was treated with permethrin and ivermectin. In ordinary scabies in immunocompetent patients, only 10-15 mites are found whereas in crusted scabies thousands of mites are found, and it is highly infectious. Crusted scabies usually occurs in people who are immunocompromised. Patient consentObtained. (Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections)

The plant pathogen Streptomyces scabies 87-22 has a functional pyochelin biosynthetic pathway that is regulated by TetR- and AfsR-family proteins.

Microbiology — Wed, 13 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Seipke RF, Song L, Bicz J, Laskaris P, Yaxley AM, Challis GL, Loria R Siderophores are high-affinity iron-chelating compounds produced by bacteria for iron uptake that can act as important virulence determinants for both plant and animal pathogens. Genome sequencing of the plant pathogen, Streptomyces scabies 87-22, revealed the presence of a putative pyochelin biosynthetic gene cluster (PBGC). Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analyses of culture supernatants of S. scabies mutants in which expression of the cluster is upregulated and which lack a key biosynthetic gene from the cluster indicated that pyochelin is a product of the PBGC. HPLC comparisons with authentic standards on a homochiral stationary phase confirmed that pyochelin and not enantio-pyochelin (en...

Nodular scabies: hypersensitivity reaction or infection?

JDDG — Sun, 03 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: JDDG)

Topical Application of Two Condensed Tannins from the Root of Rosa multiflora Thunberg for the Treatment of Atopic Dermatitis (AD) in NC/Nga Mice

Phytotherapy Research — Wed, 29 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Recently, the isolation of several condensed tannins from the roots of Rosa multiflora Thunberg, a traditional herbal therapy in oriental medicine for rheumatoid arthritis and scabies, was described. Two of the major condensed tannins – procyanidin B‐3 (ProB3) and ent‐guibourtinidol‐(4β → 6)‐catechin (RM‐1) – were then applied topically to atopic dermatitis‐like skin lesions on NC/Nga mice in order to assess their immunomodulatory properties. Both ProB3 and RM‐1 significantly reduced the serum levels of eosinophils, IgE and certain Th2 cytokines (IL‐4, 5 and 13) (p < 0.05 or 0.01). Additionally, ProB3 and RM‐1 significantly reduced both the mRNA and protein expression of COX‐2 and iNOS in mouse skin tissues (p < 0.01). Such results strongly sugg...

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Pattern of skin diseases in Cairo, Egypt

International Journal of Dermatology — Mon, 27 Jun 2011 18:01:52 +0100

Conclusion Dermatitis preceded many infectious diseases as an index of the development and urbanization of a community. However, infections still represent the most common dermatoses. Fortunately, they are potentially controllable and, therefore, healthcare strategies that target infections may represent the key for an efficient national healthcare program. (Source: International Journal of Dermatology)

Epidemiology of Scabies Prevalence in the U.K. From General Practice RecordsEpidemiology of Scabies Prevalence in the U.K. From General Practice Records

Medscape Today Headlines — Thu, 23 Jun 2011 11:04:27 +0100

A look at the prevalence and epidemiology of scabies, a contagious parasitic infestation which causes an allergic reaction to just a few mites. The British Journal of Dermatology (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

European guideline for the management of scabies, 2010

International Journal of STD and AIDS — Wed, 15 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Transmission of the mite Sarcoptes scabiei generally occurs by protracted direct body contact; although in crusted scabies, transmission also occurs via infected clothing or bedding. Diagnosis is usually clinical and topical antiscabietics are the mainstay of treatment. Oral ivermectin is not licensed in most countries, but may have a role in certain patients. Treatment of sexual contacts is indicated. (Source: International Journal of STD and AIDS)

Scabies Crustosa in a 61-Year-Old Kidney-Transplanted Patient

Journal of General Internal Medicine — Tue, 14 Jun 2011 06:04:29 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-1DOI 10.1007/s11606-011-1758-xAuthors Marilena Gregorini, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant Unit, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, ItalyMichela Castello, Dermatology Unit, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, ItalyTeresa Rampino, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant Unit, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, ItalyAndrea Bellingeri, Unit of Vascular Surgery, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, ItalyGiovanni Borroni, Dermatology Unit, University of Pavia, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, ItalyAntonio Dal Canton, Nephrology, Dialysis and Transplant Unit, Unive...

Genome shuffling enhances biocontrol abilities of Streptomyces strains against two potato pathogens

Journal of Applied Microbiology — Mon, 13 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Genome shuffling emerged as an elegant and rapid tool to optimize the antagonistic ability of Streptomyces strains. Optimization of the in vitro antagonistic activity against plant pathogens appears to be an effective approach to select for improved biocontrol agents. The enhanced phenotype did not depend on an overproduction of a specific antibiotic but rather on the secretion of a wider variety of secondary metabolites.Significance and Impact of the Study: Improved capacities of a biocontrol agent compensate for the lack of efficient chemical control of potato scab. (Source: Journal of Applied Microbiology)

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Risk factors for recurrence of scabies: A retrospective study of scabies patients in a long‐term care hospital

The Journal of Dermatology — Wed, 08 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractA considerable number of patients suffer recurrence of scabies. To elucidate risk factors for recurrence of scabies, we compared patients who experienced scabies recurrence and those who suffered scabies only once. We conducted a retrospective review of medical records of all scabies patients in a long‐term care hospital for the elderly (300 beds; six wards) for a period of 42 months to determine frequency of scabies onsets, underlying diseases, history of treatment, and demographic data such as age and sex. One hundred and forty‐eight patients and five hospital staff members suffered scabies during the 42‐month study period. All staff members and 98 patients had no recurrence, while 50 patients experienced at least one recurrence of scabies. The cumulative number of scabie...

Infantile acropustulosis in internationally adopted children

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology — Wed, 01 Jun 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: IA appears to be common in internationally adopted children, who spent early childhood in crowded, unclean living conditions with a high prevalence of scabies infestation. IA is frequently misdiagnosed as recurrent scabies, resulting in unnecessary use of permethrin. This study demonstrated a coexistence of atopic dermatitis in over 50% of IA cases. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology)

Epidemiology of scabies prevalence in the U.K. from general practice records.

The British Journal of Dermatology — Sun, 29 May 2011 08:51:57 +0100

Conclusions The study confirms earlier studies with regard to the age/sex distribution of scabies. We suggest a contagious pattern of spread of scabies infestation in the U.K. with an epidemic cycle length of 15-17 years. PMID: 21574970 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The British Journal of Dermatology)

Canine Scabies in Humans: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Dermatology — Thu, 28 Apr 2011 15:35:27 +0100

Dermatology (DOI:10.1159/000327378) (Source: Dermatology)

Comparison of Dermoscopy, Skin Scraping, and the Adhesive Tape Test for the Diagnosis of Scabies in a Resource-Poor Setting [Evidence-Based Dermatology: Study]

Archives of Dermatology — Sun, 10 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions When trained personnel are available, dermoscopy is a valid tool for diagnosing scabies in a resource-poor setting. The adhesive tape test is easy to perform and, because it has high positive and negative predictive values, the test is ideal for screening purposes. Skin scraping cannot be recommended as a diagnostic tool in this setting. (Source: Archives of Dermatology)

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Testing a Test: Critical Appraisal of Tests for Diagnosing Scabies [Editorial]

Archives of Dermatology — Sun, 10 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Archives of Dermatology)

Dissecting the complete lipoprotein biogenesis pathway in Streptomyces scabies

Molecular Microbiology — Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractFollowing translocation, bacterial lipoproteins are lipidated by lipoprotein diacylglycerol transferase (Lgt) and cleaved of their signal peptides by lipoprotein signal peptidase (Lsp). In Gram‐negative bacteria and mycobacteria, lipoproteins are further lipidated by lipoprotein N‐acyl transferase (Lnt), to give triacylated lipoproteins. Streptomyces are unusual amongst Gram‐positive bacteria because they export large numbers of lipoproteins via the twin arginine protein transport (Tat) pathway. Furthermore, some Streptomyces species encode two Lgt homologues and all Streptomyces species encode two homologues of Lnt. Here we characterise lipoprotein biogenesis in the plant pathogen Streptomyces scabies and report that lgt and lsp mutants are defective in growth and developmen...

Sarcoptes-World Molecular Network (Sarcoptes-WMN): integrating research on scabies

International Journal of Infectious Diseases — Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Summary: Parasites threaten human and animal health globally. It is estimated that more than 60% of people on planet Earth carry at least one parasite, many of them several different species. Unfortunately, parasite studies suffer from duplications and inconsistencies between different investigator groups. Hence, groups need to collaborate in an integrated manner in areas including parasite control, improved therapy strategies, diagnostic and surveillance tools, and public awareness. Parasite studies will be better served if there is coordinated management of field data and samples across multidisciplinary approach plans, among academic and non-academic organizations worldwide. In this paper we report the first ‘Living organism-World Molecular Network’, with the cooperation of 167 para...

Plant Extracts, Isolated Phytochemicals, and Plant-Derived Agents Which Are Lethal to Arthropod Vectors of Human Tropical Diseases - A Review

Planta Medica — Tue, 22 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Planta MedDOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1270949AbstractThe recent scientific literature on plant-derived agents with potential or effective use in the control of the arthropod vectors of human tropical diseases is reviewed. Arthropod-borne tropical diseases include: amebiasis, Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis), cholera, cryptosporidiosis, dengue (hemorrhagic fever), epidemic typhus (Brill-Zinsser disease), filariasis (elephantiasis), giardia (giardiasis), human African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), isosporiasis, leishmaniasis, Lyme disease (lyme borreliosis), malaria, onchocerciasis, plague, recurrent fever, sarcocystosis, scabies (mites as causal agents), spotted fever, toxoplasmosis, West Nile fever, and yellow fever. Thus, coverage was given to work describing plant-derived extract...

Clinical comparison of human and canine atopic dermatitis using human diagnostic criteria (Japanese Dermatological Association, 2009): Proposal of provisional diagnostic criteria for canine atopic dermatitis

The Journal of Dermatology — Mon, 21 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractAtopic dermatitis (AD) is a common skin disease encountered in both humans and dogs. Canine AD can be used in the analysis of naturally occurring AD; however, details of clinical comparison have been lacking. The purpose of this study is to compare those clinical features using the human diagnostic criteria (Japanese Dermatological Association, 2009). Fifty‐one dogs with canine AD were evaluated by the human criteria. Prior to this study, canine AD was basically diagnosed by the fulfillment of two authentic canine AD criteria and a positive reaction against Dermatophagoides farinae in serum immunoglobulin E levels and/or in intradermal tests. Among the human AD criteria items, behavior corresponding to pruritus was observed in all 51 dogs. Skin lesions corresponding to eczematous...

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Basophil recruitment and activation in inflammatory skin diseases

Allergy — Fri, 04 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Basophils infiltrate into skin lesions more commonly than previously thought, and thus they may play important roles in a variety of inflammatory skin diseases. (Source: Allergy)

Common superficial skin infections and infestations

Paediatrics and Child Health — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Abstract: There are many paediatric infections and infestations of the skin. There are clearly many more skin infections that can occur worldwide and as populations become more mobile can be acquired elsewhere and present in the UK. The following paper examines the common problems encountered in UK practice. Common bacterial problems such as cellulitis, impetigo and erysipelas; viral infections such as molluscum contagiosum, herpes simplex, viral warts, human herpes-6 infection; fungal infections such as tinea corporis and pityriasis versicolor and finally parasitic infections such as scabies and pediculosis are discussed from a pragmatic view point. (Source: Paediatrics and Child Health)

All That Itches is Scabies

Journal of the American Medical Directors Association — Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Introduction/Objective: Scabies is a common and substantial source of morbidity in LTC. It is often introduced by newly admitted residents, especially those transferred from other LTC facilities. Scabies typically presents as a highly contagious, pruritic, burrowing skin rash caused by sarcoptes scabiei mites. However, it could have inconspicuous, atypical features in elderly institutionalized patients and can be manifested as a widespread, nonspecific erythematous, papulosqamous rash resembling an allergic or drug rx. Crusted or Norwegian scabies, described in Norway in 1848, is a particularly contagious, florid variant characterized by tens of thousands of mites. (Source: Journal of the American Medical Directors Association)

Epidemiology of scabies prevalence in the U.K. from general practice records

British Journal of Dermatology — Thu, 24 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS The study confirms earlier studies with regard to the age/sex distribution of scabies. We suggest a contagious pattern of spread of scabies infestation in the U.K. with an epidemic cycle length of 15‐17 years. (Source: British Journal of Dermatology)

The curative and antioxidative efficiency of ivermectin and ivermectin + vitamin E-selenium treatment on canine Sarcoptes scabiei infestation

Veterinary Research Communications — Fri, 18 Feb 2011 17:26:36 +0100

The objective of the present study was to investigate the curative and antioxidative efficacy of ivermectin and ivermectin + vitamin E-selenium, and the influence of these agents on oxidative stress parameters in canines infested by Sarcoptes scabiei. Twenty two sarcoptic mites infested dogs and nine healthy dogs of 6 months to 2 years of age were divided into three groups. Group I comprised of healthy dogs (n = 9) whereas animals in group II (n = 11) and III (n = 11) were positive for scabies. Group II animals were treated with only 1% ivermectin @ 0.2 mg/kg SC whereas group III were additionally treated with Vitamin E and selenium (tocopherol 50 mg + Se 1.5 mg/ml) @0.5 ml/20 kg IM at weekly intervals for three times. Blood samples were c...

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Richard Mead (1673-1754)

The Poison Review — Wed, 16 Feb 2011 02:49:46 +0100

3.5 out of 5 stars Richard Mead: One for the Ages. Seifert S. Clin Toxicol 2011;49:53-55. Abstract This historical article presents a brief biography of Richard Mead (1673-1754), author of A Mechanical Account of Poisons, described as the first book in the English language to be devoted exclusively to poisons and toxicology. The text included sections on snakebite and opium. A prominent London physician, Mead counted among his patients Alexander Pope, Queen Anne, and King George II. In addition to his study of toxicology, Mead published treatises on scurvy, scabies, and the plague. (Source: The Poison Review)

Staphylococcus aureus bacteraemia at Alice Springs Hospital, Central Australia, 2003‐2006

Internal Medicine Journal — Thu, 10 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Indigenous Australians have the highest reported incidence rate of SAB worldwide. This reflects the socioeconomic disadvantage experienced by Indigenous Australians whose living conditions predispose to pathogen transmission and limits opportunities to maintain adequate skin hygiene. (Source: Internal Medicine Journal)

Unknown: Pink pigtail in a skin biopsy: What is your diagnosis?

Dermatol Online J — Tue, 01 Feb 2011 06:15:03 +0100

CONCLUSION: Traditionally, the presence of adult mites or eggs in skin scrapings or a skin biopsy is required for a definitive diagnosis of scabies. However, our case and similar cases suggest that the diagnosis of scabies can also be made on the basis of pink pigtail-like structures, remnants of eggshells, within the intracorneal burrow. PMID: 21272503 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Dermatol Online J)

Non-invasive diagnosis of nodular scabies: The string of pearls sign.

The Australasian Journal of Dermatology — Tue, 01 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Rubegni P, Mandato F, Risulo M, Fimiani M PMID: 21332702 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The Australasian Journal of Dermatology)

Unusual scalp crusted scabies in an adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma patient.

Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences — Mon, 17 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lai YC, Teng CJ, Chen PC, Chiou TJ, Liu CY PMID: 21235380 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Upsala Journal of Medical Sciences)

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A spectrum of scaly rashes

Archives of Disease in Childhood - Education and Practice — Wed, 12 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Dermatophile has a new format. From now on, it will take the form of a short quiz to test and inform your knowledge of dermatology relevant to paediatrics. Any suggestions for improvement or topics you would like to be covered are welcome. Please email comments and feedback to p-lio@northwestern.edu. Theme: Scaly rashesSelect the one best answer from the following:a. Tinea corporis (ringworm) b. Acanthosis nigricans c. Confluent and reticulated papillomatosis (CARP) d. Pityriasis (tinea) versicolor e. Drug hypersensitivity eruption f. Scabies infestation g. Terra firma-forme dermatosis Answers to the following quiz questions can be found on page 39. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - Education and Practice)

Interventions For Treating Scabies -- Oral Ivermectin

Medscape Dermatology Headlines — Wed, 05 Jan 2011 16:08:11 +0100

A quick review provides the best current evidence on treating scabies. AccessMedicine from McGraw-Hill (Source: Medscape Dermatology Headlines)

Current recommended treatments for head lice and scabies

Prescriber — Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

AbstractEradication of head lice and scabies stands the best chance of success if undertaken correctly and if all affected individuals are treated at the same time. Our Drug review considers the available treatment options, followed by sources of further information and a review of the prescription data. Copyright © 2011 Wiley Interface Ltd (Source: Prescriber)

[Clinical Picture] Hunting Sarcoptes scabiei—dead or alive!

The Lancet Infectious Diseases — Tue, 21 Dec 2010 17:37:06 +0100

A 13-year-old boy presented with a 3-week history of generalised pruritus, which worsened at night. Physical examination revealed small non-specific papules, vesicles, crusts, eczematisations and lichenifications, as well as excoriations from scratching. Diagnosis of scabies was confirmed after identification of a burrow between the patient's fingers. The patient was successfully treated by application of 5% permethrin cream. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)

Cutaneous manifestations of internal malignancies in a tertiary health care hospital of a developing country

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia — Sat, 11 Dec 2010 16:02:33 +0100

In a public hospital in Lima, Peru, 24 patients with 16 types of paraneoplastic dermatoses were identified by data collection. The most frequent dermatosis was dermatomyositis (four patients). The other dermatoses were malignant acanthosis nigricans, palmoplantar keratoderma, bullous dermatoses, lymphomatoid papulosis, edematous scarring vasculitic panniculitis, Norwegian scabies, primary systemic amyloidosis, necrolytic migratory erythema, infective dermatitis, pancreatic panniculitis, generalized pruritus, Lesser-Trelat syndrome, and acquired ichthyosis. Most of these paraneoplastic dermatoses were diagnosed before (45.8%) or at the time of (38.5%) the diagnosis of the underlying malignancy. The most frequent underlying malignancies were lymphoma, adenocarcinomas of the upper digestive t...

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Habituation to thaxtomin A in hybrid poplar cell suspensions provides enhanced and durable resistance to inhibitors of cellulose synthesis

BioMed Central — Fri, 10 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: We have shown that habituation to TA induces durable resistance to the bacterial toxin in poplar cells. TA-habituation also enhanced resistance to two other structurally different inhibitors of cellulose synthesis that were found to target different proteins. Enhanced resistance was associated with major changes in the expression of numerous genes, including some genes that are involved in DNA and chromatin modifications, suggesting that epigenetic changes might be involved in this process. (Source: BioMed Central)

Treatment of skin and soft tissue infections in the Elderly: A review.

The American Journal of Geriatric Pharmacotherapy — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: A search of the literature did not identify any prospective clinical trials on the treatment of SSTIs in the elderly; therefore, it is recommended to follow treatment based on the current IDSA guidelines. More research and publications are needed to establish proper selection of antimicrobial agents, treatment strategies, and duration of therapy of SSTIs in the elderly population. PMID: 21356502 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The American Journal of Geriatric Pharmacotherapy)

Prevalence of scabies and head lice among children in a welfare home in Pulau Pinang, Malaysia.

Tropical Biomedicine — Wed, 01 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Muhammad Zayyid M, Saidatul Saadah R, Adil AR, Rohela M, Jamaiah I This is a survey of 120 children for scabies and head lice infestations in a welfare home in Pulau Pinang. Children from this welfare home (Rumah Kanak-Kanak Taman Bakti, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang) were randomly selected. Majority of them were Malays (72.5%) and the rest were Indians. The infestation rates were highest in the 10-12 years age group with 46% and 70% for scabies and head lice respectively. Head lice was more commonly seen in girls (65%) than boys (29%). Scabies was more commonly seen in boys (50%) than girls (16%). Overall prevalence rate for scabies was 31% and for head lice infestation was 49%. PMID: 21399584 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Tropical Biomedicine)

Community-associated Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Skin Infections in the Tropics

Dermatologic Clinics — Wed, 24 Nov 2010 04:18:12 +0100

Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI) caused by Staphylococcus aureus are very common, particularly in children, in tropical regions. The proportion of S aureus SSTI caused by community-associated methicillin-resistant S aureus (CA-MRSA) varies according to region, but is up to 25% in some areas. There are diverse CA-MRSA clones, including several that harbor Panton-Valentine leukocidin. Key predisposing factors for staphylococcal infections are scabies infestation, overcrowding, poor hygiene, and inadequate water supplies. In the setting of a community outbreak of staphylococcal SSTI, interventions intended to improve personal and community hygiene are likely to be the most practical, effective, and achievable. Options for oral treatment of clinical infections caused by CA-MRSA include c...

Phenolic acid content in potato peel determines natural infection of common scab caused by Streptomyces spp.

World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology — Tue, 16 Nov 2010 19:28:00 +0100

Abstract Common scab of potato caused by the actinomycete Streptomyces scabies is a common pathogen in almost all the potato growing areas of the world. Twenty cultivars of potato were screened in naturally scab infested farmers fields at two locations Tikari and Bachhawan, Varanasi, in two successive crop seasons (2006–2007 and 2007–2008). Among the cultivars, five cultivars were recorded to be least susceptible and the others ranged from medium susceptible to very highly susceptible. Most of the cultivars showed a stable resistance reaction in both the years. Qualitative as well as quantitative estimation of phenolic acids present in peels of the potato cultivars showed their possible role in protection of the potato cultivars against common scab. All the red skinned ...

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Validation of epidemiological tools for eczema diagnosis in Brazilian children: the ISAAC's and UK Working Party's criteria

BMC Dermatology — Tue, 09 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Studies using UKWP or ISAAC criteria should include a validation arm, to contribute to the understanding of potential limitations of their use in different contexts and to explore solutions. We list specific recommendations. (Source: BMC Dermatology)

Azathioprine/cyclophosphamide: Norwegian scabies: case report

Reactions — Mon, 01 Nov 2010 10:16:52 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Prevention, control and treatment of scabies.

Nursing Standard — Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Gould D Scabies is a common, but neglected, skin condition that is becoming increasingly prevalent globally. It causes distress and is frequently regarded as a stigmatising condition, although it can affect anyone of any age or social class. Understanding the epidemiology and life cycle of the mite Sarcoptes scabiei which causes scabies, is the key to effective prevention and control. PMID: 21141167 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Nursing Standard)

Tinea pseudoimbricata caused by M. gypseum associated to crusted scabies

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia — Fri, 08 Oct 2010 14:25:44 +0100

We described a case of a 21-year-old patient, seronegative for HIV, with both skin diseases. The occurrence of these dermatosis simultaneously in immunocompetent patients is very rare. (Source: Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia)

Permethrin for scabies in children.

Canadian Family Physician Medecin de Famille Canadien — Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Albakri L, Goldman RD QUESTION: I frequently see children with scabies in my practice. A variety of medications are available to treat scabies. Permethrin is one of the most common medications used. Is permethrin a safe and effective option for children? ANSWER: Scabies is a common parasitic skin infection. It is highly prevalent in young children. Topical permethrin (5% cream) is a safe and effective scabicide in children. It is recommended as a first-line therapy for patients older than 2 months of age. Because there are theoretical concerns regarding percutaneous absorption of permethrin in infants younger than 2 months of age, guidelines recommend 7% sulfur preparation instead of permethrin. PMID: 20944041 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Canadian Family Physician Medeci...

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Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis refractory to ivermectin treatment in two dogs.

Veterinary Dermatology — Mon, 27 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Terada Y, Murayama N, Ikemura H, Morita T, Nagata M A 10-year-old castrated male Shih Tzu presented with severe generalized pruritus. Skin scrapings revealed the presence of Sarcoptes scabiei var. canis. A Yorkshire terrier in the same household simultaneously developed pruritus due to scabies. Both dogs were treated with 300âÎ¼g/kg ivermectin, at first orally and then subcutaneously at 14âday intervals. However, live mites were still found on day 35, and the skin condition deteriorated in both dogs. These findings suggested that the S.âscabiei in these dogs was clinically refractory to ivermectin. The pruritus in both dogs rapidly and completely disappeared following topical fipronil administration. This appears to be the first report of canine scabies refrac...

Clove Oil Treatment For Itchy Rash

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 09 Sep 2010 08:00:00 +0100

A new study from the Queensland Institute of Medical Research (QIMR) has found that the major component of clove oil may be a promising lead as a new topical treatment for scabies. Dr Cielo Pasay said that plant essential oils have long been studied for their effects against mites, ticks, lice and mosquitoes. "Essential oils and their active chemical components have long been proven to be effective against animal parasites such as cattle ticks, sheep ticks, and rabbit mites... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Factors Related to Missed Diagnosis of Incidental Scabies Infestations in Patients Admitted Through the Emergency Department to Inpatient Services

Academic Emergency Medicine — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Factors related to missed diagnosis of incidental scabies infestations in patients admitted through the emergency department to inpatient services.

Accident and Emergency Nursing — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions:â Missed diagnoses of scabies during ED stay may result in nosocomial spread and increase the unnecessary use of prophylactic treatments. ED overcrowding, time constraints, and less severe illness compromise ED recognition of scabies. Health care workers should be especially alert for signs of scabies infestations under these conditions. PMID: 20836776 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Accident and Emergency Nursing)

Treatment of scabies and pediculosis: Facts and controversies

Clinics in Dermatology — Sat, 28 Aug 2010 05:43:01 +0100

Abstract: Unlike many other skin diseases, success or failure of therapy of ectoparasitic infestation depends much more on how to use the topical preparation and whom we treat than on which scabicide or pediculicides to use. The diagnosis of scabies should no longer rely on the rather uncommon and unpractical sign of finding a burrow or the number of parasites per infected patient. Most infested individuals have been shown to have several-fold more acari than the oft-quoted average of 12 adult acari per infected patient that appears in most of our textbooks (stemming from Mellanby's work). Contrary to what Mellanby taught us, we know that indirect transmission (ie, without personal contact) does occur. As to which agent to use, the winner remains undeclared at present. Although indirect co...

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DERMOSCOPY: Non‐invasive diagnosis of nodular scabies: The string of pearls sign

Australasian Journal of Dermatology — Tue, 24 Aug 2010 05:42:44 +0100

(Source: Australasian Journal of Dermatology)

The possible role of factor C in common scab disease development.

Acta Biologica Hungarica — Sun, 22 Aug 2010 18:45:18 +0100

Authors: Kiss Z, DobrÃ¡nszki J, HudÃ¡k I, BirkÃ³ Z, Vargha G, BirÃ³ S The Gram-positive soil-borne streptomycetes exhibit a complex life cycle that is controlled by extracellular regulatory molecules. One interesting autoregulator is the protein factor C, originally isolated from the culture fluid of S. albidoflavus 45H. Southern hybridizations and database searches revealed that although homologues of factor C are not present in most Streptomyces strains, an exception is the plant pathogenic S. scabies , which causes common scab disease on potato. In S. scabies and related strains pathogenicity involves a large pathogenicity island that carries thaxtomin biosynthetic genes, the nec1 necrogenic factor and other putative virulence genes. Extracellular enzymes, including extracel...

Pakistan: Working for the best, preparing for the worst

MSF News — Tue, 17 Aug 2010 14:59:00 +0100

Since the floods began, MSF has continued to provide healthcare in its existing programs in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Baluchistan, in addition to expanding its scope of activities to new health structures and setting up mobile clinics in other affected provinces of Pakistan such as Sindh and Punjab. Currently, the most common diseases seen in MSF clinics are linked to the difficult living conditions and lack of access to water. “Out of more than 10,000 consultations in the last two weeks, the most common diseases we are treating are skin infections, respiratory diseases and acute diarrhea,” said Dr. Ahmad Mukhtar, medical coordinator for MSF in Pakistan. “Among those patients, there are some suspected cholera cases, and while we wait for official confirmation, we continue to pr...

Betamethasone: Crusted scabies in a patient with chronic alcoholism: case report

Reactions — Sun, 01 Aug 2010 05:35:00 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

The immunology of susceptibility and resistance to scabies

Parasite Immunology — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Summary (Source: Parasite Immunology)

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Diagnostic usefulness of a nested polymerase chain reaction assay for detecting Sarcoptes scabiei DNA in skin scrapings from clinically suspected scabies

British Journal of Dermatology — Tue, 27 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: British Journal of Dermatology)

Increased allergic immune response to Sarcoptes scabiei antigens in crusted versus ordinary scabies.

Clinical and Vaccine Immunology — Tue, 13 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Walton SF, Pizzutto S, Slender A, Viberg L, Holt D, Hales BJ, Kemp DJ, Currie BJ, Rolland JM, O'Hehir R Scabies, a parasitic skin infestation by the burrowing 'itch' mite Sarcoptes scabiei, causes significant health problems for children and adults worldwide. Crusted scabies is a particularly severe form of scabies in which mites multiply in their millions, causing extensive skin crusting. The symptoms and signs of scabies suggest host immunity to the scabies mite, but the specific resistant response in humans remains largely uncharacterized. We used 4 scabies mite recombinant proteins with sequence homology to extensively studied house dust mite allergens to investigate a differential immune response between ordinary scabies and the debilitating crusted form of the disease. S...

Evaluation of organ function and oxidant/antioxidant status in goats with sarcoptic mange

Tropical Animal Health and Production — Sun, 11 Jul 2010 12:17:13 +0100

The objective of the present study was to investigate the hemato-biochemical changes and status of oxidative stress in goats with scabies infection. The study was conducted on 12 Jamunapari goats; six clinically infected with scabies (group I) and six healthy goats as control (group II). The examination of skin scraping revealed the presence of Sarcoptes scabiei in the infected group. In hemato-biochemical indicators, hemoglobin%, packed cell volume, total erythrocyte count, albumin and albumin: globulin ratio decreased whereas, globulin, alanine aminotransferase, bilirubin, creatinine, and blood urea nitrogen increased significantly (p < 0.05) in group I animals as compared to group II healthy goats. Among the oxidative stress indices, plasma nitrate and erythrocytic lipid per...

Facts, Fiction, and Figures of the Sarcoptes scabiei Infection.

The Journal of School Nursing — Sun, 20 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

This article will provide school nurses with the history, etiology, mode of transmission, symptoms, and the recommended treatment of a S. scabiei infection. Implications for school nursing practice will be discussed. PMID: 20566701 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The Journal of School Nursing)

Diagnostic usefulness of a nested PCR assay for detecting Sarcoptes scabiei DNA in skin scrapings from clinically suspected scabies.

The British Journal of Dermatology — Thu, 17 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Fukuyama S, Nishimura T, Yotsumoto H, Gushi A, Tsuji M, Kanekura T, Matsuyama T PMID: 20560958 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Dermatology)

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Dermal hypersensitivity reaction as a prodrome to Hodgkin lymphoma

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology — Tue, 15 Jun 2010 13:06:21 +0100

We present a case whereby recalcitrant pruritic urticarial dermatitis, a histopathologic finding of DHR, and review of systems prompted screening for malignancy beyond age appropriate recommendations which resulted in the diagnosis of Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology)

Dermoscopy of Norwegian scabies in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia — Wed, 02 Jun 2010 13:03:39 +0100

Os autores relatam o caso de uma paciente com sarna norueguesa e síndrome da imunodeficiência adquirida com baixa aderência à terapia antirretroviral. O diagnóstico definitivo foi confirmado pelo exame parasitológico direto. A dermatoscopia mostrou sulcos escabióticos e estruturas acastanhadas em asa-delta já descritas, além de uma estrutura morfologicamente semelhante a um gongolo (diplopodasímile). Esta última representa um elemento patodiagnóstico da SN não previamente descrito. Houve boa reposta clínica ao uso oral da ivermectina e ao uso tópico da vaselina com enxofre a 10%, com concomitante melhora dos parâmetros dermatoscópicos.The authors report here on the case of a female patient with Norwegian (crusted) scabies and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome whose compli...

Lice and scabies

Medicine — Mon, 31 May 2010 14:37:59 +0100

Abstract: Scabies and pubic lice are parasitic infections of the skin that can be transmitted during the intimacy of sexual intercourse. The principal symptom for both infections is itching. The diagnosis is established by clinical examination, supplemented by microscopy for scabies. A single application of permethrin cream is the treatment of choice for both infections. Recent sexual partners should also receive treatment. (Source: Medicine)

Scabies

MedicineNet Sleep General — Thu, 20 May 2010 07:00:00 +0100

Title: ScabiesCategory: Diseases and ConditionsCreated: 12/4/1999 9:41:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 5/20/2010 (Source: MedicineNet Sleep General)

Increased transcription of Glutathione S-transferases in acaricide exposed scabies mites

BioMed Central — Mon, 17 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Background: Recent evidence suggests that Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis mites collected from scabies endemic communities in northern Australia show increasing tolerance to 5% permethrin and oral ivermectin. Previous findings have implicated detoxification pathways in developing resistance to these acaricides. We investigated the contribution of Glutathione S-transferase (GST) enzymes to permethrin and ivermectin tolerance in scabies mites using biochemical and molecular approaches. Results: Increased in vitro survival following permethrin exposure was observed in S. scabiei var. hominis compared to acaricide naive mites (p (Source: BioMed Central)

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Increased transcription of glutathione S-transferases in acaricide exposed scabies mites

Parasites and Vectors — Mon, 17 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

The twin arginine protein transport pathway exports multiple virulence proteins in the plant pathogen Streptomyces scabies

Molecular Microbiology — Tue, 11 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Streptomyces scabies is one of a group of organisms that causes the economically important disease potato scab. Analysis of the S. scabies genome sequence indicates that it is likely to secrete many proteins via the twin arginine protein transport (Tat) pathway, including several proteins whose coding sequences may have been acquired through horizontal gene transfer and share a common ancestor with proteins in other plant pathogens. Inactivation of the S. scabies Tat pathway resulted in pleiotropic phenotypes including slower growth rate and increased permeability of the cell envelope. Comparison of the extracellular proteome of the wild type and [Delta]tatC strains identified 73 predicted secretory proteins that were present in reduced amounts in the tatC mutant strain, and 47 Tat substra...

Incidence of childhood dermatosis in India.

Skinmed — Sat, 01 May 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Patel JK, Vyas AP, Berman B, Vierra M The incidence ofdermatologic conditions in the pediatric age group presents a pattern that often differs from that in adults; this is important for epidemiologic studies and population-based analysis. This clinical study was carried out in children up to age 14 in the western part of India. Dermatologic conditions were tabulated based on the etiology, incidence, age, and sex distribution, as well as seasonal variations, and the results were analyzed. There were a total of 390 boys and 310 girls. The majority of skin conditions in newborns are transient. The most common dermatoses found were of infectious etiology (38.43%) in which impetigo (11.13%) and pyoderma (8.9%) were the most common. In infectious etiology, incidence of scabies was 5...

Galenicals in the treatment of crusted scabies

Indian Journal of Dermatology — Fri, 23 Apr 2010 13:09:07 +0100

Sugathan P, Martin Abhay ManiIndian Journal of Dermatology 2010 55(2):195-197Crusted scabies is rare. It is a therapeutic challenge, as the common drugs used against scabies are unsatisfactory. The successful use of galenicals in a 10-year-old girl with crusted scabies is reported. (Source: Indian Journal of Dermatology)

Types of infectious outbreaks and their impact in elderly care facilities: a review of the literature

Age and Ageing — Wed, 14 Apr 2010 00:56:20 +0100

Conclusion: a variety of infectious agents were identified as the cause of outbreaks in the elderly and HCWs in LTCFs. Attack rates and case fatality rates are useful indicators for setting priorities for education and prevention of the outbreaks. (Source: Age and Ageing)

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A Case of Hypercalcemia and Scabies

The American Journal of Medicine — Wed, 31 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Hypercalcemia has been associated with most granulomatous diseases. Sometimes it is a common manifestation, as in sarcoidosis, tuberculosis, or lymphomas. For several other granulomatous diseases, it is a rare occurrence. It was described in diseases like Wegener granulomatosis, Crohn disease, histiocytosis X, silicone-induced granulomatous diseases, and berylliosis. There are reports in infectious diseases: cryptococcosis, coccidioidomycosis, Mycobacterium leprae, and cat-scratch disease, to name a few but not with scabies. (Source: The American Journal of Medicine)

Scabies: Treatments can readily ease the itching

MayoClinic.com Full Feed — Tue, 30 Mar 2010 05:00:00 +0100

Scabies — Comprehensive overview covers symptoms, causes and treatment of this itchy skin condition. (Source: MayoClinic.com Full Feed)

Michael Agus reports on his final days in Haiti

Thrive, Children's Hospital Boston — Wed, 17 Mar 2010 16:02:42 +0100

by Michael Agus, MD, director of Children’s Medicine Critical Care Program. Agus is currently in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, where he’s treating patients and sending us updates by email. Day 10 I wasn’t supposed to work the day today because I now have to start working nights since there is a few days’ gap in the night pediatric physician coverage. But after a good night’s sleep, and with two intubated patients in the pediatric tents with no other intensivist on site, I felt like I should go for morning rounds, set a plan for the day and then sleep on the hospital grounds to rest up for the night. At first glance, the tents seemed quiet. I, as well as the residents and nurses, wandered in and out over the next few hours and both ventilated patients were stable. I had hoped...

The prevalence of common skin infections in four districts in Timor-Leste: a cross sectional survey

BMC Infectious Diseases — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We examined the skin of 1535 participants aged between four months and 97 years. The majority of participants were male, aged between 11 and 20 years and had at least one condition of interest (56.0%, 56.0%, and 63.1%, respectively). Fungal infections were the most common presentation (39.0%) and males were more commonly affected than females (42.3% vs 34.0%, respectively, pvalue (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)

Bedbugs, Scabies and Head Lice - Oh My!

MedlinePlus Health News — Sat, 06 Mar 2010 16:18:55 +0100

Source: American Academy of Dermatology Related MedlinePlus Pages: Rashes, Skin Infections (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)

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Seasonal variation in pediatric dermatoses

Indian Journal of Dermatology — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 14:02:58 +0100

Conclusion:</b> Distribution of lesions of common dermatoses will help diagnose difficult cases and extensive evaluation of the body parts which, by virtue of being commonly affected, are must-examine sites in under-five children. (Source: Indian Journal of Dermatology)

Bedbugs, Scabies And Head Lice Oh My!

Public Health News From Medical News Today — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 12:00:00 +0100

If simply the thought of bedbugs, scabies and head lice makes you feel a little itchy, imagine how those affected by these common infestations feel when they learn what has been creeping around them and causing symptoms such as intense itching, red bite marks or irritated scalps... (Source: Public Health News From Medical News Today)

Quality of life of patients with scabies

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology — Fri, 05 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion Scabies moderately affected the QoL of the patients. Sulphur could be considered as an effective treatment for patients with scabies. (Source: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology)

[Acral crusted scabies in two HTLV1-infected patients.]

Annales de Dermatologie et de Cenereologie — Mon, 01 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Clyti E, Deligny C, Versapuech J, Couppie P, Gessain A, Pradinaud R PMID: 20227570 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annales de Dermatologie et de Cenereologie)

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Treatment of severe scabies: Permethrin and Ivermectin

NeLM - News — Thu, 25 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Source: N Engl J Med Area: News This week's Clinical Therapeutics review in the New England Journal of Medicine discusses scabies, and in particular the place of permethrin and ivermectin in its treatment. As usual in this series, the authors present a case vignette: this describes a familial group of cases in an Australian aboriginal population, discovered through presentation of a child of the family at a clinic with infected skin sores due to scabies. The suspected source is an elderly aunt living with the family who was found to have scabies hyperinfection (crusted scabies, Norwegian scabies), which occurs when the body is unable to mount an effective immune response to the infection. The authors discuss the clinical aspects of scabies, and its treatment. Topical...

Permethrin and Ivermectin for Scabies

New England Journal of Medicine — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

A 4-year-old boy is brought to a health center with sores on his arms and legs. He and several siblings receive a diagnosis of scabies. Crusted scabies is diagnosed in an elderly aunt in the same household. The family members are treated with topical permethrin, which disrupts the function of voltage-gated sodium channels in arthropods. The aunt is treated with oral ivermectin, which disrupts the function of chloride ion channels. (Source: New England Journal of Medicine)

CME: Permethrin and Ivermectin for Scabies

New England Journal of Medicine — Wed, 24 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(No abstract is available for this citation) (Source: New England Journal of Medicine)

Biodegradation of 5-Nitroanthranilic Acid by Bradyrhizobium sp. Strain JS329.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Qu Y, Spain JC Biodegradation of synthetic compounds has been studied extensively, but the metabolic diversity required for catabolism of many natural compounds has not been addressed. 5-Nitroanthranilic acid (5NAA), produced in soil by Streptomyces scabies, is also the starting material for synthetic dyes and other nitroaromatic compounds. Bradyrhizobium JS329 was isolated from soil by selective enrichment with 5NAA. When grown on 5NAA the isolate released stoichiometric amounts of nitrite and half of the stoichiometric amounts of ammonia. Enzyme assays indicate that the initial step in 5NAA degradation is an unusual hydrolytic deamination to form 5-nitrosalicylic acid (5NSA). Cloning and heterologous expression revealed the genes that encode 5NAA deaminase (naaA) and 5NSA di...

A Rapid and Specific Method for Quantifying Streptomyces Competitive Dynamics in Complex Soil Communities.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Schlatter DC, Samac DA, Tesfaye M, Kinkel LL Quantifying target microbial populations in complex communities remains a barrier to studying species interactions in soil environments. qPCR assays were developed for quantifying pathogenic Streptomyces scabies and antibiotic-producing S. lavendulae strains in complex soil communities. This assay will be useful for evaluating the competitive dynamics of streptomycetes in soil. PMID: 20080993 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Applied and Environmental Microbiology)

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A nurse-led response to unmet needs of homeless migrants in inner London.

British Journal of Nursing — Thu, 14 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Collinson S, Ward R The economic recession has left many undocumented migrants from the European Union accession states stranded and unemployed in the UK, without recourse to public funds. The TB team at Homerton University Hospital found a significant number of eastern Europeans squatting in derelict buildings in the London borough of Hackney. Because of the high rate of tuberculosis (TB) in Hackney, the team developed an outreach clinic to screen people for TB. During this screening initiative, which took place between August 2008 and March 2009, team members compiled a database of 98 eastern European citizens, and screened 62 for TB. Team members became aware during this time that, while eastern Europeans had significant health problems ranging from alcohol dependency to tr...

Crusted (Norwegian) scabies following systemic and topical corticosteroid therapy.

J Korean Med Sci — Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Binić I, Janković A, Jovanović D, Ljubenović M It is a case study of a 62-yr-old female with crusted (Norwegian) scabies, which appeared during her treatment with systemic and topical corticosteroid therapy, under the diagnosis of erythroderma. In the same time, the patient had been suffered from hypothyoidism, and her skin changes were misdiagnosed, because it was thought that they are associated with her endocrine disorder. Suddenly, beside the erythema, her skin became hyperkeratotic, with widespread scaling over the trunk and limbs, and crusted lesions appeared on her scalp and ears. The microscopic examination of the skin scales with potassium hydroxide demonstrated numerous scabies mites and eggs. Repeated topical treatments with lindan, benzoyl b...

Bullous scabies responding to ivermectin therapy.

Actas Dermo-Sifiliograficas — Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

We present a new case of bullous scabies in a 72-year-old man. The lesions responded to treatment with oral ivermectin. PMID: 20109396 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Actas Dermo-Sifiliograficas)

What Causes Peeling Fingers and Toes?

PediatricEducation.org — Mon, 14 Dec 2009 00:32:42 +0100

Discussion Palmar and plantar hyperkeratosis is localized or diffuse thickening of the palmar and solar stratum corneum. It can occur in isolation or as part of a generalized disorder such as Sjögren-Larsson syndrome, Conradi’s syndrome, psoriasis, and hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia. Treatment includes agents to increase exfoliation such as lactic acid, salicylic acid or urea and soaking and mechanical exfoliation with a pumice stone or scalpel. These are used so tissue build up is decreased. Emollients need to be applied to help prevent fissuring from mechanical stress. Other possible treatments include topical psoralens with ultraviolet A light, topical retinoids or corticosteroids. Learning Point The differential diagnosis of desquamating digits includes: Localized or sem...

Test your knowledge of itchy rashes

Pulse Today Clinical Updates — Fri, 11 Dec 2009 09:30:00 +0100

How much do you know about scabies, pompholyx, urticaria and lichen planus? (Source: Pulse Today Clinical Updates)

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Treatment of crusted scabies with albendazole: A case report.

Dermatol Online J — Thu, 03 Dec 2009 20:46:04 +0100

We describe a 22-year-old Syrian immunocompetent female who had hyperkeratotic psoriasiform plaques and hyperkeratosis without itching. She was treated with oral albendazol and topical crotamiton with salicylic acid 5 percent. PMID: 19951635 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Dermatol Online J)

Skin Disorders, Including Pyoderma, Scabies, and Tinea Infections

Pediatric Clinics of North America — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Pyoderma, scabies, and tinea are common childhood skin disorders too often considered to be merely of nuisance value. More than 111 million children are believed to have pyoderma, with many also co-infected with scabies, tinea, or both. These skin disorders cannot be differentiated by ethnicity or socioeconomic status but, in high-prevalence areas, poverty and overcrowded living conditions are important underlying social determinants. Each is transmitted primarily through direct skin-to-skin contact. For many Indigenous children, these skin conditions are part of everyday life. Although rarely directly resulting in hospitalization or death, there is a high and largely unmet demand for effective management at the primary health-care level, particularly for pyoderma and scabies. Despite part...

Characterization of a Serine Protease Homologous to House Dust Mite Group 3 Allergens from the Scabies Mite Sarcoptes scabiei [Enzyme Catalysis and Regulation]

Journal of Biological Chemistry — Fri, 27 Nov 2009 17:05:45 +0100

The scabies mite, Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis, infests human skin, causing allergic reactions and facilitating bacterial infection by Streptococcus sp., with serious consequences such as rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease. To identify a possible drug target or vaccine candidate protein, we searched for homologues of the group 3 allergen of house dust mites, which we subsequently identified in a cDNA library. The native protein, designated Sar s 3, was shown to be present in the mite gut and excreted in fecal pellets into mite burrows within the upper epidermis. The substrate specificity of proteolytically active recombinant rSar s 3 was elucidated by screening a bacteriophage library. A preference for substrates containing a RS(G/A) sequence at the P1-P2' positions was revealed...

Prednisone: Scabies in an elderly patient: case report

Reactions — Sun, 22 Nov 2009 14:04:51 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Norwegian scabies presenting as erythroderma

Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology — Thu, 12 Nov 2009 14:01:24 +0100

Mehta Vandana, Balachandran C, Monga Puja, Rao Raghavendra, Rao LakshmiIndian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology 2009 75(6):609-610 (Source: Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology)

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Dermatological manifestations in HIV-infected patients at a tertiary care hospital in a tribal (Bastar) region of Chhattisgarh, India

Indian Journal of Dermatology — Thu, 05 Nov 2009 14:03:54 +0100

Conclusion</b> : This study showed high prevalence of dermatological manifestations in HIV-infected subjects, and they occur more frequently with progression of HIV and decline in immune functions. Therefore, early diagnosis and management of skin disorders can improve the quality of life of HIV-infected subjects. (Source: Indian Journal of Dermatology)

Scabies and pyodermas – diagnosis and treatment

Dermatologic Therapy — Wed, 04 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Scabies and pyodermas are two of the commonest skin infections in tropical settings. They affect large numbers of people, particularly children, and account for a large burden of disease for peripheral health care teams. Despite this there have been significant advances in our knowledge of these diseases, their impact and their management. However there is a need to evaluate these developments in this specific setting, tropical health and in the context of communities with limited resources. This section will describe these advances and the challenges that remain. (Source: Dermatologic Therapy)

Cutaneous ectoparasites

Dermatologic Therapy — Wed, 04 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Parasites inhabit many places in the world. Some of these can inhabit the human skin or body. Many of these have been eradicated in the developed countries but persist in some tropical environments that are fun places to visit. Visitors can bring such parasites home with them such as scabies, cutaneous larva migrans, tungiasis and myiasis. Their clinical manifestations and treatment are presented for physicians evaluating and treating travelers from exotic places. (Source: Dermatologic Therapy)

Mucocutaneous manifestations in 150 HIV-infected Indian patients and their relationship with CD4 lymphocyte counts

International Journal of STD and AIDS — Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:05:25 +0100

Mucocutaneous findings in 150 HIV+ve cases (F, 79; M, 71) were evaluated over a one-year period. Mucocutaneous manifestations were seen in 96% with 2.9 mean number of dermatoses and mean cluster of differentiation (CD4) count of 196.33 cells/mm3. The highest number of mean dermatoses, 3.29, was seen in individuals with severe immunosuppression. The most common mucocutaneous manifestation seen was candidiasis (35.33%), followed by seborrhoeic dermatitis (31.33%), oral pigmentation (29.33%), xerosis/ichthyosis (22.67%), pyodermas (22%), periodontitis (17.33%) and nail pigmentation (16.67%). Patient stratification according to the WHO immunological staging, according to CD4 counts, showed a statistically significant association (P < 0.05) for candidiasis, scabies, paronychia, oral pigmenta...

Scabies management in the community

Irish Journal of Medical Science — Thu, 22 Oct 2009 18:43:41 +0100

Conclusion Inconsistency in diagnosis and treatment of patients is common. A treatment protocol should be made available to family practitioners. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/BF03168824Authors L. A. Murphy, Waterford Regional Hospital Department of Dermatology Waterford IrelandC. Buckley, Waterford Regional Hospital Department of Dermatology Waterford Ireland Journal Irish Journal of Medical ScienceOnline ISSN 1863-4362Print ISSN 0021-1265 Journal Volume Volume 170 Journal Issue Volume 170, Number 2 / April, 2001 (Source: Irish Journal of Medical Science)

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Ivermectin efficacy still imprecise for scabies treatment.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mahé A, Ly F, Caumes E PMID: 19876531 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Bulletin of the World Health Organization)

Is It Possible to Prevent Scabies?

eMedicineHealth.com — Tue, 25 Aug 2009 07:00:00 +0100

(Source: eMedicineHealth.com)

Crusted scabies in a patient with brain astrocytoma: Report of a case

International Journal of Infectious Diseases — Mon, 24 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Summary: A 31-year-old man was referred to our clinic complaining of generalized erythematous and scaly papules and plaques. He suffered from a brain tumor (astrocytoma) and was immunosuppressed because he was receiving systemic steroids and chemo-radiation therapy. He also had psychomotor retardation and behavior changes due to the pressure effect of his brain tumor. The diagnosis of crusted scabies was established based on direct positive skin smears from the lesions. (Source: International Journal of Infectious Diseases)

Risk factors of scabies in psychiatric and long-term care hospitals: A nationwide mail-in survey in Japan

The Journal of Dermatology — Fri, 21 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

This study was conducted to assess the prevalence of scabies and control measures in Japanese hospitals. A questionnaire on scabies epidemiology (e.g. number of patients and onsets of outbreak) and preventive measures were sent to psychiatric hospitals and long-term care hospitals nationwide (n = 1795) in January 2005. Seven hundred and forty-one hospitals responded (41.3%). Three hundred and thirty-three (44.9%) respondent hospitals had one or more scabies cases in 2004. Among 159 hospitals that had experienced scabies outbreak, only 32 of them reported cases of crusted scabies. Multivariate regression analysis showed that hospitals had a greater number of beds, and that acute- and long-term care wards were more likely to experience scabies onsets. Hospitals that compiled their infection ...

Crusted scabies

Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology — Thu, 30 Jul 2009 10:54:32 +0100

Kaliaperumal KarthikeyanIndian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology 2009 75(4):340-347Crusted scabies is a rare manifestation of scabies characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of mites in the skin. In immunocompromised patients, this infestation is characterized by crusted lesions. The occurrence of the disease in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients and the widespread use of immunosuppressive agents has led to a renewed interest in the disease. Early recognition and treatment is necessary to avoid an outbreak of scabies. This review highlights the pathogenesis, predisposing factors, clinical features and treatment of crusted scabies. (Source: Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology)

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Case reports Bullous scabies – a case report

Articles of Advances in Dermatology and Allergology - TERMEDIA publishing house — Wed, 22 Jul 2009 10:19:45 +0100

We present a case of scabies with clinical manifestations similar to bullous pemphigoid. (Source: Articles of Advances in Dermatology and Allergology - TERMEDIA publishing house)

RESEARCH LETTERS: Longitudinal Evidence of Increasing In Vitro Tolerance of Scabies Mites to Ivermectin in Scabies-Endemic Communities

Archives of Dermatology — Sun, 19 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100

(Source: Archives of Dermatology)

Infestation by Norwegian scabies.

cmaj — Sun, 19 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Chan CC, Lin SJ, Chan YC, Liao YH PMID: 19620272 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: cmaj)

Crusted scabies

Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology — Sun, 05 Jul 2009 10:51:17 +0100

Karthikeyan KaliaperumalIndian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology 2009 75(4):340-347Crusted scabies is a rare manifestation of scabies characterized by uncontrolled proliferation of mites in the skin. In immunocompromised patients, this infestation is characterized by crusted lesions. The occurrence of the disease in human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients and the widespread use of immunosuppressive agents has led to a renewed interest in the disease. Early recognition and treatment is necessary to avoid an outbreak of scabies. This review highlights the pathogenesis, predisposing factors, clinical features and treatment of crusted scabies. (Source: Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology)

Scabies

Dermatologic Therapy — Wed, 01 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100

is an ectoparasite caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var hominis, an obligate human parasite. There are about 300 million cases of scabies in the world each year. Common predisposing factors are overcrowding, immigration, poor hygiene, poor nutritional status, homelessness, dementia, and sexual contact. Direct skin-to-skin contact between 15 and 20 minutes is needed to transfer the mites from one person to another. The diagnosis suspected with a clinical history of itch, worse at night, affecting other family members, clinical distribution, and appearance. Definite diagnosis relies on microscopic identification of the mites, eggs, or fecal pellets with 10% potassium hydroxide, ink enhancement, tetracycline fluorescence tests, or mineral oil; other methods include: epiluminescence light...

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Case of the Month

Skin and Allergy News — Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100

A 5-year-old boy is referred for a dermatology consultation to treat onychomycosis of the fingernails. The patient also presented with alopecia and scalp dermatitis featuring greasy, scaly patches. The patient reported “itching all over.” A potassium hydroxide scraping of subungual debris and fungal cultures were negative. A nail plate biopsy indicated a presence of Norwegian scabies in the child, or Sarcoptes scabiei var.hominis mites, which is a distinct and highly contagious form of scabies. Hundreds to millions of mites can infest the host with this type of scabies. What's your diagnosis? See Case of the Month, page 55. (Source: Skin and Allergy News)

Scabies, Boring Skin and Psyche

Dermatology — Fri, 19 Jun 2009 14:14:22 +0100

Dermatology 2009;219:1-2 (DOI:10.1159/000207688) (Source: Dermatology)

Modulation of human dermal microvascular endothelial cells by Sarcoptes scabiei in combination with proinflammatory cytokines, histamine, and lipid-derived biologic mediators.

Cytokine — Tue, 09 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100

This study was undertaken to determine if the response of HMVEC-D to scabies is altered in the presence of various proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukins 1alpha, 1beta and 6), histamine, and lipid-derived mediators (prostaglandins D2 and E2, leukotriene B4, platelet activation factor) that likely occur in scabietic lesions in vivo. Scabies extract down-regulated the TNFalpha-induced expression of VCAM-1 by HMVEC-D and this down-regulation still occurred in the presence of the other proinflammatory cytokines, histamine or the lipid-derived mediators. Scabies inhibited the IL-1alpha and IL-1beta-induced secretion of IL-6, while a combination of scabies and histamine or LTB4 reduced the TNFalpha-induced secretion of IL-6. Scabies extract inhibited secretion of...

Ciclosporin/prednisone: Scabies, herpes simplex virus infection and fatal sepsis: case report

Reactions — Tue, 02 Jun 2009 22:36:40 +0100

(Source: Reactions)

Ivermectin versus benzyl benzoate applied once or twice to treat human scabies in Dakar, Senegal: a randomized controlled trial.

Bulletin of the World Health Organization — Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Topical BB was clearly more effective than oral IV for treating scabies in a Senegalese community. PMID: 19565120 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Bulletin of the World Health Organization)

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Ciclosporin/prednisone: Scabies, herpes simplex virus infection and fatal sepsis: case report.

Reactions Weekly — Sat, 30 May 2009 15:31:34 +0100

Page: 15 (Source: Reactions Weekly)

AmeriCares and International Medical Corps Partner to Bring Lifesaving Aid to Displaced Inside ...

International Medical Corps — Wed, 27 May 2009 19:45:00 +0100

Scabies

MedicineNet Skin General — Tue, 12 May 2009 07:00:00 +0100

Title: ScabiesCategory: Diseases and ConditionsCreated: 12/4/1999 9:41:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 5/12/2009 (Source: MedicineNet Skin General)