MedWorm: Blood Transusion

Impact of early reoperation after resection for colorectal cancer on long‐term oncological outcomes

Colorectal Disease — Wed, 08 Feb 2012 21:05:54 +0100

Conclusions Compared with non‐reoperated patients matched for patient, tumour and operative characteristics, patients reoperated in the early postoperative period have worse long‐term oncological outcomes. Adoption of strategies to reduce the risk of reoperation may be associated with the additional advantage of improved oncological outcomes in addition to the short‐term advantages. (Source: Colorectal Disease)

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Laparoscopic versus Open Colectomy for Colon Cancer in an Older Population: A Cohort Study

World Journal of Surgical Oncology — Tue, 07 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: In this older population, laparoscopic colectomy practice patterns were associated with factors which likely correlate with tertiary referral centers. Although short-term and long-term survival are comparable, laparoscopic colectomy offers shorter hospitalizations and less intensive care. (Source: World Journal of Surgical Oncology)

Racial Disparities Likely Reduced By Sickle Cell Anemia Stroke Prevention Efforts

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 06 Feb 2012 08:00:00 +0100

The disparity in stroke-related deaths among black and white children dramatically narrowed after prevention strategies changed to include ultrasound screening and chronic blood transfusions for children with sickle cell anemia, according to research presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference 2012. Before stroke prevention efforts changed in 1998, black children were 74 percent more likely to die from ischemic strokes than white children. This gap is in part due to the increased rates of sickle cell anemia in black children... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Factors influencing blood loss and allogeneic blood transfusion practice in craniosynostosis surgery.

Paediatric Anaesthesia — Sun, 05 Feb 2012 17:50:07 +0100

Authors: Stricker PA, Fiadjoe JE, Jobes DR PMID: 22272672 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Paediatric Anaesthesia)

Efforts to Reduce Stroke in Kids With Sickle Cell Working: Study

The Doctors Lounge - Hematology — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 15:00:00 +0100

Ultrasound screening, regular blood transfusions have helped reduce strokes in those with the blood disorder (Source: The Doctors Lounge - Hematology)

Sickle cell anemia stroke prevention efforts may have decreased racial disparities

ScienceDaily Headlines — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 14:46:46 +0100

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Sickle Cell Anemia Stroke Prevention Efforts May Have Decreased Racial Disparities in Childhood Stroke Deaths

Medical News (via PRIMEZONE) — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 14:00:00 +0100

NEW ORLEANS, Feb. 2, 2012 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- The disparity in stroke-related deaths among black and white children dramatically narrowed after prevention strategies changed to include ultrasound screening and chronic blood transfusions for children with sickle cell anemia, according to research presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference 2012. (Source: Medical News (via PRIMEZONE))

A meeting of hearts if not minds

Los Angeles Times - Science — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 08:00:00 +0100

Some Jehovah's Witnesses with leukemia turn to an atheist Cedars-Sinai doctor who respects their refusal to accept blood transfusions.Christina Blouvan-Cervantes had been battling aggressive leukemia when her blood count plummeted and she landed in the emergency room in Fresno. Her doctors told her a blood transfusion was her only hope. But her faith wouldn't allow her to receive one. (Source: Los Angeles Times - Science)

Sickle cell anemia stroke prevention efforts may have decreased racial disparities

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(American Heart Association) The disparity in stroke-related deaths among black and white children dramatically narrowed after prevention strategies changed to include ultrasound screening and chronic blood transfusions for children with sickle cell anemia, according to research presented at the American Stroke Association's International Stroke Conference 2012. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Short Term Outcomes after Cardiac Surgery in a Jehovah's Witness Population: An Institutional Experience

Heart, Lung and Circulation — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Cardiac surgery can be performed safely in Jehovah's Witness patients with acceptable outcomes. (Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation)

Age of blood and recipient factors determine the severity of transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)

Critical Care — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: In this in vivo ovine model, both recipient and blood product factors contributed to the development of TRALI. Sick (LPS infused) sheep rather than healthy (saline infused) sheep predominantly developed TRALI when transfused with supernatant from stored but not fresh PRBC. "Stored PRBC" induced a more severe injury than "stored PLT" and had a different storage lesion profile, suggesting that these outcomes may be associated with storage lesion factors unique to each blood product type. Therefore, the transfusion of fresh rather than stored PRBC may minimise the risk of TRALI. (Source: Critical Care)

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Sequence analysis of the polymerase gene in hepatitis B virus infected blood donors in iran.

Archives of Iranian Medicine — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: This study shows that antiviral-resistant mutations, such as lamivudine-resistant HBV strains, do not exist naturally among Iranian blood donors. More studies on the full-length HBV genomes are required to determine genome evolution of HBV among infected Iranian blood donors. PMID: 22292578 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Archives of Iranian Medicine)

HCV burden of infection in Egypt: results from a nationwide survey

Journal of Viral Hepatitis — Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100

This study confirmed on a nationwide representative sample the very high HCV antibody prevalence in Egypt. It stresses the urgent need for strengthening prevention efforts, and bringing down the costs of antiviral drugs for countries like Egypt, where the people in the most precarious situations are also those most likely to be infected by the virus. (Source: Journal of Viral Hepatitis)

Outcomes of living‐donor liver transplantation in patients with preoperative type‐1 hepatorenal syndrome and acute hepatic decompensation

Liver Transplantation — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 18:57:13 +0100

In conclusion, HRS patients, compared with non‐HRS patients, had worse postoperative renal function and overall survival. However, their five‐year overall survival rate was still nearly 80%, which is satisfactory. Therefore, living‐donor liver transplantation can be considered for patients who have acute hepatic decompensation with or without HRS. © 2012 American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (Source: Liver Transplantation)

The Risks of Blood Transfusion in Patients with Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: Response to Dr. Paul E. Marik

Neurocritical Care — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 07:11:09 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Response to Letter to the EditorPages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s12028-012-9674-4Authors Peter Le Roux, Department of Neurosurgery, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USAMichael Diringer, Neurology/Neurosurgery ICU, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA Journal Neurocritical CareOnline ISSN 1556-0961Print ISSN 1541-6933 (Source: Neurocritical Care)

Trend of transfusion transmitted infections frequency in blood donors: provide a road map for its prevention and control

Journal of Translational Medicine — Tue, 31 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: This study reflects that blood transfusion is one of the leading risk factor of spread of the TTIs, which showed the need and importance of the mandatory screening of these infectious markers in blood donations. (Source: Journal of Translational Medicine)

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Temporary clamping of external carotid artery in convexity, parasagittal and temporal base meningioma.

Turkish Neurosurgery — Mon, 30 Jan 2012 05:00:02 +0100

CONCLUSION: Temporary clamping of external carotid artery is a safe, simple and cost-effective alternative to embolization for the surgery of large meningiomas. This can be practiced at all the centers. PMID: 22274970 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Turkish Neurosurgery)

[Seminar] Thalassaemia

LANCET — Sat, 28 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Thalassaemia is one of the most common genetic diseases worldwide, with at least 60 000 severely affected individuals born every year. Individuals originating from tropical and subtropical regions are most at risk. Disorders of haemoglobin synthesis (thalassaemia) and structure (eg, sickle-cell disease) were among the first molecular diseases to be identified, and have been investigated and characterised in detail over the past 40 years. Nevertheless, treatment of thalassaemia is still largely dependent on supportive care with blood transfusion and iron chelation. (Source: LANCET)

Effect of mean arterial pressure, haemoglobin and blood transfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass on post-operative acute kidney injury

Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation — Fri, 27 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion. Intraoperative avoidance of the extremes of anaemia, especially during severe hypotension and avoidance of transfusion in patients with haemoglobin levels >8 g/dL (>5 mmol/L) may help decrease AKI in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and represent targets for future controlled interventions. (Source: Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation)

Factors influencing blood loss and allogeneic blood transfusion practice in craniosynostosis surgery

Pediatric Anesthesia — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 12:13:06 +0100

(Source: Pediatric Anesthesia)

Preoperative blood transfusions for sickle cell disease.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 08:18:08 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: While in general, conservative therapy appears to be as effective as aggressive therapy in preparation for surgery in people with sickle cell disease, further research is needed to examine the optimal regimen for different surgical types, and to address whether preoperative transfusion is needed in all surgical situations. PMID: 22258951 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)

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Laparoscopic splenectomy and azygoportal disconnection with intraoperative splenic blood salvage

Surgical Endoscopy — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 06:55:34 +0100

Conclusion Laparoscopic splenectomy with azygoportal disconnection is a feasible, effective, and safe surgical method for the treatment of bleeding portal hypertension. Intraoperative splenic blood salvage can avoid the risk associated with allogeneic transfusion during the procedure, with an advantage of significantly increased postoperative hemoglobin levels. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00464-012-2159-xAuthors Yuedong Wang, Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, 158 Shangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310014 ChinaYun Ji, Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, 158 Shangtang Rd, Hangzhou, 310014 ChinaYangwen Zhu, Department of General Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, 158 Sha...

Changes in BNP, hs-CRP and TIMI risk index with addition of tirofiban during primary percutaneous coronary intervention for acute STEMI: a prospective observational cohort study.

Anadolu Kardiyol Der... — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: It was concluded at the end of them PCI application in STEMI that the addition of tirofiban treatment in patients with ≥TIMI 2 flow and anterior location MI could decrease the expected rise in BNP and CRP values. PMID: 22281789 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Anadolu Kardiyol Der...)

Anemia in Critical Illness: Insights into Etiology, Consequences and Management.

American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine — Thu, 26 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Hayden SJ, Albert TJ, Watkins TR, Swenson ER Abstract Anemia is common in the intensive care unit (ICU), and may be associated with adverse consequences. However, current options for correcting anemia are not without problems and presently lack convincing efficacy for improving survival in critically ill patients. In this article we will review normal red blood cell (RBC) physiology, etiologies of anemia in the ICU , its association with adverse outcomes, and the risks, benefits, and efficacy of various management strategies, including blood transfusion, erythropoietin, blood substitutes, iron therapy, and minimization of diagnostic phlebotomy. PMID: 22281832 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine)

Risk is not our business: safety of thoracic surgery in patients using antiplatelet therapy

Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

American Heart Association recommendations have changed preoperative management of patients with antiplatelet therapy (APT). We assessed safety and outcomes of surgery in patients who were receiving APT. A prospective study of patients operated on while receiving APT was matched with those with no APT (ratio 1:4), using the propensity score method. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify covariates among imbalanced baseline patient variables. Both 2 test and Fisher's test were used to calculate the probability value for the comparison of dichotomous variables. Between January 2008 and December 2010, 38 patients who received APT at the time of surgery were matched with 141 patients who had not received APT. APT indications were a history of myocardial infarction, coronary artery b...

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Revista Iberoamericana de Micologia — Wed, 25 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: In this study, C. albicans was the most frequently detected species in candidiasis and risk exposures increased the susceptibility of hospitalized patients to acquiring a nosocomial infection by Candida spp. PMID: 22285886 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Revista Iberoamericana de Micologia)

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No Impact of Perioperative Blood Transfusion on Recurrence of Hepatocellular Carcinoma after Hepatectomy

World Journal of Surgery — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 07:55:28 +0100

Conclusions Perioperative blood transfusion did not influence the overall and disease-free survival rate in the HCC patients studied. Perioperative blood transfusion may not be considered a poor prognostic factor for patients with HCC. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00268-012-1425-3Authors Shintaro Kuroda, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Hiroshima, 734-8551 JapanHirotaka Tashiro, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Hiroshima, 734-8551 JapanTsuyoshi Kobayashi, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hiroshima University Hospital, 1-2-3, Kasumi, Hiroshima, 734-8551 JapanAkihiko Oshita, Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hiroshima U...

The role of capsule endoscopy after negative CT enterography in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding

European Radiology — Tue, 24 Jan 2012 06:52:03 +0100

Conclusions Capsule endoscopy showed high diagnostic yields in patients with OGIB after negative CT enterography and may help to provide further therapeutic plans for patients with OGIB and negative CT enterography. Key Points • CT enterography has been widely used in evaluating obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB). • Capsule endoscopy showed high diagnostic yield for OGIB after negative CT enterography. • Negative CT enterography does not exclude important causes of small bowel bleeding. • Most lesions missed at CT-enterography are flat and can be detected by capsule endoscopy. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Computed TomographyPages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00330-011-2374-1Authors Hyun Mi Heo, Dep...

[Guidelines for blood transfusion teaching to medical laboratory technology students.]

Transfusion Clinique et Biologique — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Moncharmont P, Tourlourat M, Fourcade C, Julien E, Peyrard T, Cabaud JJ Abstract PURPOSE OF THE STUDY: The new French law about clinical laboratory medicine, the requirements of the ISO/CEI 15189 standard, the numerous abilities expected from the medical laboratory technologists and their involvement in blood bank management has led the working group "Recherche et démarche qualité" of the French Society of Blood Transfusion to initiate an inventory of blood transfusion teaching syllabus for medical laboratory technology students and to propose transfusion medicine teaching guidelines. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Seven worksheets have been established for that purpose including red blood cell antigen typing and antibody screening, blood sampling in immunohaematology, automatio...

[Traceability of labile blood products in Morocco: Experience of the Ibn-Sina hospital of Rabat between 1999 and 2010.]

Transfusion Clinique et Biologique — Sat, 21 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Feedback information about traceability in Ibn-Sina hospital remains very poor despite the measures used. Other actions, such as continuous education courses, low enforcement and informatisation should be considered. PMID: 22269085 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transfusion Clinique et Biologique)

Even ‘minimal’ intraoperative transfusions can harm patients

MedWire News - Anesthesiology — Fri, 20 Jan 2012 12:18:02 +0100

The adverse effect of intraoperative blood transfusion extends down to transfusion of just 1 unit of packed red blood cells, report US researchers. (Source: MedWire News - Anesthesiology)

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Lower Mortality Rates at Two Years With Transradial PCILower Mortality Rates at Two Years With Transradial PCI

Medscape Today Headlines — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 22:43:11 +0100

In a propensity-score-matching analysis, the mortality rate at two years was 8.8% among patients treated via the radial artery and 11.4% in the femoral-PCI patients, a statistically significance difference. Transradial PCI was also associated with a significantly reduced need for vascular surgery and blood transfusions. Heartwire (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Lower mortality rates at two years with transradial PCI, Italian registry shows

theHeart.org — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 21:45:25 +0100

Comparative Efficacy of Three Forms of Parenteral Iron

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 12:25:10 +0100

Intravenous iron therapy is a useful treatment for the rapid correction of iron deficiency anaemia and can be used to avoid or reduce the requirement for allogeneic blood transfusion. Several intravenous iron preparations are available commercially which differ in cost, mode of administration and side effect profile. There are few data directly comparing the efficacy of these preparations. In this retrospective single-centre study, we present the results from two hundred and eight patients treated using three different iron preparations (iron dextran, iron sucrose and ferric carboxymaltose) and compare the effect on haemoglobin levels and other measures of iron deficiency six weeks after treatment. Within the limitations of our study design, we show a statistically and clinically significa...

Using Basic Ethical Principles to Evaluate Safety Efforts in Transfusion Medicine

Computational Intelligence and Neuroscience — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 12:25:10 +0100

Pursuit of pharmaceutical purity of the blood in the bag has led to a shrinking donor base and a significantly more expensive product. Decisions regarding new infectious marker testing and donor deferrals have typically been made emphasizing decreasing one specific risk without considering the effect the intervention will have on the overall safety and availability of blood transfusion. Regulations have been formulated by governmental agencies with limited input from the medical community. The decision making process has lacked risk benefit analyses and has not had the robustness associated with spirited discussions. Policies made in this manner may result in certain risks being decreased but can also have adverse unintended consequences. Being guided by the ethical principles of nonmalefi...

Seroprevalence and incidence of transfusion‐transmitted infectious diseases among blood donors from regional blood transfusion centres in Burkina Faso, West AfricaSéroprévalence et incidence des maladies infectieuses transmises par la transfusion chez les donneurs de sang dans les centres régionaux de transfusion sanguine au Burkina‐Faso, Afrique de l’OuestSeroprevalencia e incidencia de enfermedades infecciosas transmitidas mediante transfusión entre donantes de sangre de los centros regionales de transfusión en Burkina Faso, África del Oeste

Tropical Medicine and International Health — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 09:54:30 +0100

Conclusion The relatively high prevalence of viral markers in first‐time volunteers and remarkably high incidence of infections in repeat donors raise concerns regarding the safety of these donors and suggest that implementation of NAT might significantly improve the situation.Contexte et objectif: La prévalence élevée de nombreuses maladies infectieuses transmises par la transfusion comme le VIH, le VHB, le VHC et la syphilis en Afrique subsaharienne affecte la sécurité du sang pour les receveurs de transfusions sanguines. Le but de cette étude était d’évaluer la prévalence et l’incidence des maladies infectieuses transmissibles par la transfusion chez les donneurs de sang au Burkina‐Faso.Méthodes: Une étude rétrospective des dossiers des donneurs de sang de j...

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Central venous oxygen saturation is a good indicator of altered oxygen balance in isovolemic anemia

Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica — Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionThe results of this study show that ScvO2 reflects changes of VO2/DO2 in isovolemic anemia better than Hb alone, therefore it may be used as an additional indicator of blood transfusion in clinical practice. (Source: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica)

Seven years of experience with high‐intensity focused ultrasound for prostate cancer: Advantages and limitations

The Prostate — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 13:59:43 +0100

CONCLUSIONSHIFU treatment does not provide effective oncologic outcomes even in low risk patients with prostate cancer as well as in the intermediate or high risk groups. Therefore, patients selected to undergo HIFU treatment for prostate cancer must be very carefully chosen. On the other hand, HIFU treatment for prostate cancer had a very low rate of complications. Prostate © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: The Prostate)

All-pedicle-screw versus hybrid hook-screw instrumentation for posterior spinal correction surgery in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: a curve flexibility matched-pair study

Archives of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 07:00:49 +0100

Conclusions All-pedicle-screw and hybrid hook-screw instrumentations are comparable with regard to curve correction, but all-pedicle screw instrumentation reduces blood loss during surgery and shortens the operation time, which may help shorten healing time. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Orthopaedic Outcome AssessmentPages 1-7DOI 10.1007/s00402-011-1454-7Authors Changwei Yang, Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, 200433 People’s Republic of ChinaXianzhao Wei, Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, 200433 People’s Republic of ChinaJiahao Zhang, Foreign Guest Hospital Ward, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai, People’s Republic of ChinaDajiang Wu, Department of Orthopedics, Changhai Hospital, Shanghai, 200433 People’s Republic ...

Erythropoietin biosimilars currently available in hematology-oncology

Targeted Oncology — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 06:58:59 +0100

Abstract The discovery of epoietin (EPO) and the cloning of its gene facilitated the understanding of the mechanism of control behind red blood cell formation. This cloning was followed by the commercial development of recombinant human EPO (rHuEPO). The use of erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) (epoietin, ESA, EPO) is important for the treatment of anemia in patients with chronic renal failure and cancer patients with chemotherapy-induced anemia. After several years of discussions, debates and questions, ESA, intravenous iron and blood transfusions seem to have finally found their respective indications in the treatment of anemia in cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. Now, a new question arises: What is the role of ESA biosimilars? Content Type Journal Artic...

Octreotide for acute gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to portal hypertension in pediatric patients: experience of a tertiary center

Revista Paulista de Pediatria — Wed, 18 Jan 2012 06:37:28 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Octreotide administration in children and adolescents with digestive bleeding due to portal hypertension was safe and effective in order to control the acute episode of bleeding, regardless of the etiology of portal hypertension and infusion strategy. (Source: Revista Paulista de Pediatria)

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Questionnaire-Related Deferrals in Regular Blood Donors in Norway

Advances in Pharmacological Sciences — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 19:09:27 +0100

Voluntary donation is a key issue in transfusion medicine. To ensure the safety of blood transfusions, careful donor selection is important. Although new approaches to blood safety have dramatically reduced the risks for infectious contamination of blood components, the quality and the availability of blood components depend on the willingness to donate and the reliability of the information given by the donors about their own health, including risk behavior. As donors who are deferred by the blood bank will be less motivated to return for donation, it is important to reduce the number of deferrals. The aims of the present study were to investigate the reasons for deferral of registered donors coming to the blood bank for donation, in order to identify areas of importance for donor educati...

Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: introduction of training during our first 50 cases

ANZ Journal of Surgery — Tue, 17 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: LRP has been safely introduced in a regional centre with establishment of a Fellowship training programme, with early results comparable with other open, laparoscopic and robotic series. (Source: ANZ Journal of Surgery)

Cost analysis of re-exploration for bleeding after coronary artery bypass graft surgery

British Journal of Anaesthesia — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions The resource utilization costs were substantially higher in patients requiring re-exploration for bleeding. From a strict cost-effectiveness perspective, clinical interventions to prevent haemorrhage might be underutilized. (Source: British Journal of Anaesthesia)

Improvement in Perioperative and Long-term Outcome After Surgical Treatment of Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma: Results of an Italian Multicenter Analysis of 440 Patients [Original Article]

Archives of Surgery — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Surgery for hilar cholangiocarcinoma has improved with decreased operative risk despite a more aggressive surgical policy. Long-term survival after liver resection has also increased, despite the inclusion of cases with more advanced hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Preoperative biliary drainage was a safe strategy before right or right extended hepatectomy in patients with jaundice. Pathologic factors independently predicted overall and disease-free survival at multivariate analysis. (Source: Archives of Surgery)

Surgical Outcomes and Transfusion of Minimal Amounts of Blood in the Operating Room [Original Article]

Archives of Surgery — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions There is a dose-dependent adverse effect of intraoperative blood transfusion. It is likely that a small, possibly discretionary amount of intraoperative transfusion leads to increased mortality, morbidity, and resource use, suggesting that caution should be used with intraoperative transfusions for mildly hypovolemic or anemic patients. (Source: Archives of Surgery)

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Transradial Versus Transfemoral Intervention for Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Propensity Score-Adjusted and -Matched Analysis From the REAL (REgistro regionale AngiopLastiche dell'Emilia-Romagna) Multicenter Registry

Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions In patients undergoing angioplasty for acute myocardial infarction, transradial treatment is associated with decreased 2-year mortality rates and a reduction in the need for vascular surgery and/or blood transfusion compared with transfemoral intervention. (Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions)

Vascular complications and access crossover in 10,676 transradial percutaneous coronary procedures

American Heart Journal — Mon, 16 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The present study, conducted in a center with high volume of radial procedures, shows that transradial approach is associated with a very low rate of VC, which is stable over time. On the contrary, access crossover rate decreased over time and differed according to operator (radial) experience. (Source: American Heart Journal)

Systemic lupus erythematosus following HPV immunization or infection?

Lupus — Sun, 15 Jan 2012 14:30:03 +0100

This report describes three patients with either newly diagnosed systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) or SLE flare, following vaccination for human papilloma virus (HPV). Case 1: A 17-year-old female completed two doses of HPV vaccine uneventfully. Two months later, she developed arthralgias with pruritic rashes on both lower extremities, later accompanied by livedo reticularis, bipedal edema with proteinuria, anemia, leucopenia, hypocomplementemia and high titers of anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) and anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA). Kidney biopsy showed International Society of Nephrology/Renal Pathology Society Class III lupus nephritis. She was started on high dose steroids followed by pulse cyclophosphamide therapy protocol for lupus nephritis, and subsequently went into remission. Ca...

The Plasma Fraction of Packed Red Blood Cells Increases Alternative Activation of Tumor Associated Macrophages

Journal of Surgical Research — Sat, 14 Jan 2012 22:29:58 +0100

Introduction: Perioperative blood transfusion has been linked to decreased survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma, although a causative mechanism has not been elucidated. Recent work, suggests that increased tumor associated macrophages (TAMs) also correlate with poor clinical outcomes wherein it is believe that tumors cells coapt macrophages to augment tumor growth by taking on an alternatively activated phenotype, which promotes angiogenesis and extracellular remodeling functions. Our lab has recently shown significant TAM expression of alternative activation markers within metastatic murine pancreatic adenocarcinoma. We hypothesize that transfusion of the plasma fraction of packed red blood cells increases TAM expression of alternative activation. Methods: C57/BL6 mice, age...

Blood Transfusion and Cancer Surgery Outcomes: A Continued Reason for Concern

Journal of Surgical Research — Sat, 14 Jan 2012 22:29:43 +0100

Conclusions: The present study demonstrates that intra-operative blood transfusion adversely impacts short-term cancer surgery outcomes across all age groups and in those with low to normal Hct levels. While supporting previous investigations, these findings also provide insightful implications on the patterns of blood transfusion during cancer surgery that are in need of further investigation. (Source: Journal of Surgical Research)

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Immucor to Host Debt Investor Conference Call on Tuesday, January 24

Medical News (via PRIMEZONE) — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 19:42:00 +0100

NORCROSS, Ga., Jan. 13, 2012 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Immucor, Inc., a global leader in providing automated instrument-reagent systems to the blood transfusion industry, today announced that it will hold a conference call with debt investors on Tuesday, January 24 at 11:30 a.m. ET to discuss its fiscal 2012 second quarter results. (Source: Medical News (via PRIMEZONE))

Accumulation of Pro-Cancer Cytokines in the Plasma Fraction of Stored Packed Red Cells

Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 16:56:38 +0100

Conclusion Pro-cancer cytokines that can augment tumor progression were identified in pRBCs. Some of these factors are present in fresh blood. The soluble factors identified herein may represent possible therapeutic targets to offset negative effects of transfusion. These data stress the need for efforts in cancer patients to reduce transfusion requirements if needed. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory 2011 SSAT Plenary PresentationPages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s11605-011-1798-xAuthors Douglas D. Benson, Denver Health Medical Center, 777 Bannock St., Denver, CO 80204-0206, USAAdam W. Beck, University of Texas-Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USAMarie S. Burdine, University of Texas-Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USARolf Brekken, University of Texas-Southw...

Involvement of consumers in studies run by the Medical Research Council (MRC) Clinical Trials Unit: Results of a survey

Trials — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Whilst most researchers identified benefits of involving consumers, most of the studies included in the survey had no involvement. Information from this survey will inform the development of a unit policy on consumer involvement, to guide future research conducted within the MRC Clinical Trials Unit and beyond. (Source: Trials)

Recent massive blood transfusion practice in England and Wales: view from a trauma registry

Emergency Medicine Journal — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion MBT is a rare event with high mortality in UK trauma. Haemostatic resuscitation is not currently practiced in the UK and the authors were unable to show that FFP and platelet use were significant predictors of survival in MBT. (Source: Emergency Medicine Journal)

Massive transfusion: a complex issue

Emergency Medicine Journal — Wed, 11 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

I must comment on the article by Milligan et al regarding massive transfusion in trauma.1 The authors state that ‘standardizing blood transfusion in major trauma to include automatic delivery of appropriate blood products at particular points in resuscitation may be of benefit’. They base this on their survey of 32 emergency medicine doctors to whom they asked questions apparently relating to the definition of massive transfusion (MT), ‘target’ laboratory values and blood product components. The definition of MT is a retrospective one and therefore not of value to the emergency physician faced with a bleeding patient. The ‘target’ laboratory values may be of academic interest but are not the primary relevant point we should be interested in—the aut...

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Progress Toward Strengthening National Blood Transfusion Services--14 Countries, 2008-2010 [From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]

JAMA — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: JAMA)

Atrial fibrillation after pulmonary lobectomy for lung cancer affects long-term survival in a prospective single-center study

Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: AF after pulmonary lobectomy for lung cancer, in addition to causing higher hospital morbidity and mortality, predicts poorer long-term outcome in 5-year survivors. (Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery)

Inhibitory effects of apogossypolone on subcutaneous implants of human LNCaP prostatic carcinoma cells

The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 19:27:43 +0100

Conclusion ApoG2 has an inhibitory effect on prostatic carcinoma implants. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 33-36DOI 10.1007/s10330-011-0903-7Authors Yaozhen Chen, Department of Blood Transfusion, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 ChinaHaishan Chen, Department of Blood Transfusion, 210 Hospital of PLA, Dalian, 116000 ChinaChen Chen, Department of Blood Transfusion, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 ChinaXiaofeng Huang, Central laboratory, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 ChinaShijie Mu, Department of Blood Transfusion, Xijing Hospital, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, 710032 ChinaMengyao Zhang, Department of Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Mili...

Perioperative change in peripheral blood monocyte count may predict prognosis in patients with colorectal liver metastasis after hepatic resection

Journal of Surgical Oncology — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsPerioperative change in peripheral blood monocyte count is an independent risk factor for overall survival after hepatic resection for CRLM, and may reflect immunosuppressive state. J. Surg. Oncol © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Surgical Oncology)

Prospects for primary stroke prevention in children with sickle cell anaemia

British Journal of Haematology — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

SummaryThis review will focus on the strengths and limitations associated with the current standard of care for primary prevention of ischaemic strokes in children with sickle cell anaemia (SCA) ‐ transcranial Doppler ultrasound (TCD) screening followed by regular blood transfusion therapy when TCD measurement is above a threshold defined by a randomized clinical trial (RCT). The theoretical basis for potential alternative strategies for primary prevention of neurological injury in SCA is also discussed. These strategies will include, but will not be limited to: immunizations to prevent bacterial infections, particularly in low income countries; management of elevated blood pressure; and targeted strategies to increase baseline haemoglobin levels with therapies such as hyroxycarbamide or...

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Acute splenic sequestration crisis in sickle cell disease: cohort study of 190 paediatric patients

British Journal of Haematology — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In conclusion, aggressive treatment may be warranted in patients experiencing ASSC before 2 years of age. Randomized controlled trials are needed to define the best treatment modalities. (Source: British Journal of Haematology)

Thulium:YAG VapoEnucleation of the prostate in large glands: a prospective comparison using 70- and 120-W 2-µm lasers.

Asian Journal of Andrology — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Does blood transfusion increase the chance of recurrence in patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer?

Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery — Mon, 09 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

A best evidence topic in thoracic surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was whether blood transfusion increases the chance of recurrence in patients undergoing surgery for lung cancer. Altogether 468 papers were found using the reported search, of which 21 represented the best evidence to answer the clinical question. The authors, journal date and country of publication, patient group studied, study type, relevant outcomes and results of these papers were tabulated. Nineteen cohort studies (two of which examined the same or similar data sets as two other studies already included), one comment article and one meta-analysis were identified. In total, the outcomes of 5378 patients undergoing surgical resection for lung cancer were analysed. The transfu...

A day in the MSF hospital in Paoua

MSF News — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 16:16:00 +0100

Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) manages the hospital in Paoua, the only one in the subprefecture which has a population of approximately 120,000. MSF teams here in Central African Republic work with the Ministry of Health in all hospital departments (pediatrics, surgery, maternity, emergency, hospitalization and outpatient care and treatment of tuberculosis and HIV). It is 7:30 a.m. at the MSF hospital in Paoua. This is the time when the night shift updates the day team on the night's developments. The doctor on duty explains the cases of the patients hospitalized during the night in the different units. He asks his colleagues' advice and opinion regarding any problems. Later, around 8 a.m., Dr. Frédérique Eygonnet heads to the pediatrics department, which she oversees. "Paoua is...

Are the anti blood doping efforts effective? – present and future

British Journal of Pharmacology — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

SummaryBlood doping practices in sport have been around for at least half a century and will likely remain for several years to come. The main reason for the various forms of blood doping to be common is that they are easy to perform, and the effects on exercise performance are gigantic. Yet another reason for blood doping to be a popular illicit practice is that detection is difficult. For autologous blood transfusions for example, no direct test exists, and the direct testing of misuse with recombinant human erythropoietin has proven very difficult despite a test exists. Future blood doping practice will likely include the stabilization of the transcription factor Hypoxia Inducible Factor which leads to an increased endogenous erythropoietin synthesis. It seems unrealistic to develop spe...

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Safety analysis of percutaneous dilational tracheostomies with bronchoscopy in the obese patient

The Laryngoscope — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion:PDT can be performed safely in obese patients. There were no statistically significant differences in measured variables found between the two study groups. This study supports the use of Intensive Care Unit bedside PDT in the obese population. (Source: The Laryngoscope)

The impact of segmental and en bloc derotation maneuvers on scoliosis correction and rib prominence in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.

Journal of Neurosurgery.Spine — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Although each surgical technique of DBVD may have theoretical benefits and risks, no apparent difference in outcomes was observed between techniques. The concurrent use of both techniques was associated with increased blood loss and operative duration without any appreciable benefit. The surgeon should adopt the derotation technique with which he or she is most comfortable, but concurrent use of both does not appear to improve results. PMID: 22225489 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Neurosurgery.Spine)

Iron Deficiency Anemia Related to Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: Response to Treatment With Bevacizumab.

The American Journal of the Medical Sciences — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Iron Deficiency Anemia Related to Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia: Response to Treatment With Bevacizumab. Am J Med Sci. 2012 Jan 6; Authors: Fleagle JM, Bobba RK, Kardinal CG, Freter CE Abstract Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia (HHT) is a rare autosomal dominant condition associated with arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) or telangiectasias of the pulmonary, gastrointestinal or hepatic circulations. The authors present a case of a 52-year-old woman with a known diagnosis of HHT who presented for evaluation of anemia. She had an extensive history of iron sucrose infusions, frequent blood transfusions and hospitalizations for anemia related to gastrointestinal bleeding and epistaxis. The patient was treated with bevacizumab at a dose of 5 mg/kg infusion every 2 we...

Partial nephrectomy for renal masses ≥7 cm: technical, oncological and functional outcomes

BJU International — Thu, 05 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION• The findings of the present study show that PN can safely be performed in tumours ≥7 cm in size with acceptable technical, oncological and functional outcomes. Further studies are warranted. (Source: BJU International)

Anatomical versus nonanatomical resection of colorectal liver metastases: a meta-analysis

International Journal of Colorectal Disease — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 07:01:36 +0100

Conclusions NAR is a safe procedure for CLM and does not compromise oncological outcomes. However, the findings have to be carefully interpreted due to the lower level of evidence. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s00384-011-1403-5Authors Cheng-Jun Sui, Department of Special Treatment and Liver transplantation, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, ChinaLu Cao, Department of Molecular Oncology, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, ChinaBin Li, Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreato-Vascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, ChinaJia-Mei Yang, Department of Special Treatment and Liver transplantati...

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Intracranial extramedullary hematopoiesis in patients with thalassemia: a case report and review of the literature.

Transfusion — Wed, 04 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: There is no standard treatment approach in patients with symptomatic EH. HU with hypertransfusion regimen is a reasonable first-choice modality in treating intracranial EH masses. PMID: 22220514 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transfusion)

Strengthening National Blood Transfusion ServicesStrengthening National Blood Transfusion Services

Medscape Today Headlines — Mon, 02 Jan 2012 04:00:00 +0100

What types of measures can be put in place to ensure the safety of blood transfusion services around the world? This new report explains. Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Cochrane Review: Nonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs and perioperative bleeding in paediatric tonsillectomy

Evidence-Based Child Health: A Cochrane Review Journal — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

AbstractBackgroundNonsteroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are used for pain relief following tonsillectomy in children. However, as they inhibit platelet aggregation and prolong bleeding time, they could cause increased perioperative bleeding. The overall risk remains unclear. This review was originally published in 2004 and was updated in 2010.ObjectivesThe primary objective of this review was to assess the effects of NSAIDs on bleeding with paediatric tonsillectomy. Our secondary outcome was to establish whether NSAIDs affect the incidence of other postoperative complications when compared to other forms of analgesia.Search methodsWe searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (The Cochrane Library 2010, Issue 6); MEDLINE (inception until May 2010); EMBA...

Perioperative challenges in a patient of severe G6PD deficiency undergoing open heart surgery.

Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

We describe a successful perioperative management of a case of 38-year-old male, presented with chronic jaundice with severe mitral stenosis and moderate tricuspid regurgitation; upon evaluation, he was found to have severe glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency. Usually, patients deficient in G6PD exhibit increased hemolysis andtherefore increased need for blood transfusion after cardiac surgery as well as impaired oxygenation in the postoperative period leading to prolonged ventilation. On reperfusion after a period of ischemia, the antioxidant system recruits all of its components in an attempt to neutralize the overwhelming oxidative stress of free radicals, as the free radical scavenging system is deficient in these patients, the chances of free-radical-induced injury is ...

Press review.

Blood Transfusion — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Reverberi R PMID: 22249787 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Blood Transfusion)

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Adolescents and blood donation: motivations, hurdles and possible recruitment strategies.

Blood Transfusion — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

DISCUSSION: The data collected regarding the three abovementioned areas of investigation (motivations, obstacles and recruitment strategies) were analysed with respect to gender. The results yielded some interesting information on which to build hypotheses concerning the pre-established objectives, including the importance of active involvement of adolescents by the organisations charged with promoting blood collection, emphasising the important role of the school and giving the adolescents the chance to meet with an expert on blood donation. PMID: 22249786 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Blood Transfusion)

Iron therapy: a piece in the puzzle of allogeneic blood saving strategies with a relevant role in patients' blood management.

Blood Transfusion — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Liumbruno GM, Rafanelli D PMID: 22249785 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Blood Transfusion)

A systematic review of validated methods for identifying infection related to blood products, tissue grafts, or organ transplants using administrative data

Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsThere is little evidence to support the validity of algorithms to identify infections related to blood products, tissue grafts, or organ transplants in administrative data or algorithms to identify the exposures. Although it may be possible to validate algorithms to identify the exposures and infectious outcomes, the use of administrative data to identify infections transmitted by these exposures may be challenging. Codes indicating infections acquired through medical care may be useful. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety)

A systematic review of validated methods for identifying transfusion‐related sepsis using administrative and claims data

Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

ConclusionsThere is no information to assess the validity of algorithms to identify transfusion‐related sepsis or septicemia. Codes to identify sepsis performed well in most studies. Algorithms to identify transfusions need further research that includes a broader range of transfusion types. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. (Source: Pharmacoepidemiology and Drug Safety)

Risk factor analysis of hepatitis C virus infection among Chinese blood donors in Hong Kong

Transfusion Medicine — Fri, 30 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: A subgroup of younger age donors was found to have no known risk factor. To develop better screening strategy, it is recommended that a more detailed analysis of this group of donors is required. (Source: Transfusion Medicine)

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Microchimerism after pancreas and kidney transplantation - a review.

Annals of Transplantation — Fri, 30 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Zagozda M, Sarnecka A, Durlik M Abstract The main cause of a negative response to grafting is immune rejection connected with a reaction to the donor's antigens. The process of rejecting transplanted organs is a whole-body process. The reaction of the organism begins when the donor's antigens reach the recipient's lymphatic organs via blood or lymph. The donor's genetic material (DNA) is detected in the recipient's blood and lymphoid tissues even a few months after transplant rejection.<br /> Microchimerism occurs when in an individual patient the cells and genetic material from both the donor and recipient are present and the cell count of one of these is overrepresented. Such situations can occur after blood transfusions, grafts or pregnancies. It is suggested tha...

Observations with impact on the indication for kinetic therapy in critically ill liver transplant patients.

Annals of Transplantation — Fri, 30 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: We conclude that these criteria may be helpful to identify patients who are likely to benefit from KT.<br /> PMID: 22210418 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of Transplantation)

How Do You Aspire to Change the World in 2012?

Red Cross Chat — Thu, 29 Dec 2011 16:08:34 +0100

Editor’s note: This post is a response to Craig Newmark’s Social Good Blog Series call for posts on the topic, “How Will You Change the World in 2012?”. Gail McGovern talks to Adebayo Oguntayo at an aid station during her visit to the tornado hit areas in Joplin, MO on May 28, 2011. From the tornadoes in Joplin, Miss., to the earthquake and tsunami in Japan, this past year has been marked by devastating and deadly disasters that have killed thousands of people, destroyed whole communities and changed lives forever. It was one of the worst years for disasters, but it brought out the best in millions of people who gave generously to support their neighbors down the street, across the country and around the world. When people talk about changing the world, many will sa...

Establishment of the first International Repository for Transfusion‐Relevant Bacteria Reference Strains: ISBT Working Party Transfusion‐Transmitted Infectious Diseases (WP‐TTID), Subgroup on Bacteria

Vox Sanguinis — Wed, 28 Dec 2011 14:00:48 +0100

Conclusion The study was undertaken as a proof of principle with the aim to demonstrate (i) the quality, stability and suitability of the bacterial strains for low‐titre spiking of blood components, (ii) the property of donor‐independent proliferation in PCs, and (iii) their suitability for worldwide shipping of deep frozen, blinded pathogenic bacteria. These aims were successfully fulfilled. The WHO Expert Committee Biological Standardisation has approved the adoption of these four bacteria strains as the first Repository for Transfusion‐Relevant Bacteria Reference Strains and, additionally, endorsed as a project the addition of six further bacteria strain preparations suitable for control of platelet contamination as the next step of enlargement of the repository. (Source: Vox S...

Nigeria: HIV-Aids Prevalence Is Stabilising in Nation - Professor Akinsete

AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 12:42:41 +0100

A retired Professor of Haematology & Blood Transfusion, Prof.(Mrs) Ibironke Akinsete was until a few months ago the Chairman of the Lagos State Blood Transfusion Service. A trustee of AIDS Prevention Initiative in Nigeria and a life patron of the Society for Women & AIDS in Africa, Nigeria -SWAAN, Prof. Akinsete was the pioneer Chairman of the National Action Committee on AIDS- NACA. She spoke recently with Vista Woman on the status of HIV/AIDS at an event put together in Lagos by the Soroptimist I (Source: AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs)

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Restricting Post-Surgery Blood Transfusion Is Safe For Some Hip Patients

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 27 Dec 2011 08:00:00 +0100

More than half of the older, anemic patients in a New England Journal of Medicine study did not need blood transfusions as they recovered from hip surgery, according to new research co-authored by University of Maryland School of Medicine scientists. The findings could immediately change the way such patients are treated. Doctors have long assumed that transfusions strengthen patients weakened by anemia, improving their chances at recovery from surgery after hip fracture... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Safety of Iodinated Intravenous Contrast Medium Administration in Sickle Cell Disease

The American Journal of Medicine — Sun, 25 Dec 2011 12:07:00 +0100

Conclusion: Adverse events related to intravenous contrast occur in sickle cell disease patients at a rate similar to the general population, without an increase in contrast-induced nephropathy. Subjective reports of new or worsening pain crisis do not translate to objective findings. Beneficial diagnostic imaging can be performed without increased risk of serious complication in this population. (Source: The American Journal of Medicine)

Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of Barbers Regarding Hepatitis B and C Viral Infection in Sana’a City, Yemen

Journal of Community Health — Sat, 24 Dec 2011 16:42:49 +0100

Abstract There is strong evidence that razors, barber’s scissors, nail files and body piercing instruments are risk factors for transmission of hepatitis B and C. to investigate the knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding hepatitis B and C virus among barbers in Sana’a city. KAP study was conducted from July–September 2011. Two hundred and thirty four barbershops were surveyed. Out of 234 barber shops, 73.1% heard about viral hepatitis B and C. The awareness of modes of transmission of hepatitis and the different sources/risk factors were moderate, ranging from 51.6% who knew that hepatitis can be transmitted through sexual transmitted to 82.1% who knew that hepatitis can be transmitted through blood transfusion. 54.9% of barbers did not agree that it was essent...

Athermal nerve sparing robot-assisted radical prostatectomy: initial experience with microporous polysaccharide hemospheres as a topical hemostatic agent

World Journal of Urology — Sat, 24 Dec 2011 06:41:41 +0100

Conclusions These preliminary findings support the role for MPH as a potential hemostatic agent during athermal nerve-sparing RARP. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s00345-011-0815-8Authors Rafael Nunez-Nateras, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USAKimberly J. Hurd, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USAErin N. Ferrigni, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USAErik P. Castle, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USAPaul E. Andrews, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USAMitchell R. Humphreys, Mayo Clinic Arizona, 5777 E Mayo Blvd, Phoenix, AZ 85054, USA Journal World Journal of UrologyOnline ISSN 1433-8726Print IS...

[Postpartum haemorrhage and factor VII deficiency.]

Annales Francaises d'Anesthesie et de Reanimation — Fri, 23 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

We report the case of a patient with a congenital factor VII deficiency who presented with severe postpartum haemorrhage requiring resuscitation with blood transfusion and surgical haemostasis. We discuss the treatment of congenital factor VII deficiency and its anaesthetic management, as well as the hemorrhagic risk during pregnancy. PMID: 22197042 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annales Francaises d'Anesthesie et de Reanimation)

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[Early blood transfusion in damage control resuscitation.]

Annales Francaises d'Anesthesie et de Reanimation — Fri, 23 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Morel N, Delaunay F, Janvier G PMID: 22197040 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annales Francaises d'Anesthesie et de Reanimation)

Intravenous immunoglobulins and acquired von Willebrand syndrome.

Blood Transfusion — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Liumbruno GM PMID: 22244009 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Blood Transfusion)

Are intravenous immunoglobulins really inappropriate in acquired von Willebrand syndrome?

Blood Transfusion — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Federici AB, Rossi V, Sacchi E, Franchini M PMID: 22244008 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Blood Transfusion)

Plasma-derived medicines: access and usage issues.

Blood Transfusion — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Farrugia A, Cassar J PMID: 22244007 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Blood Transfusion)

Comparison of myocardial and hepatic iron loading, assessed by MRI T2*, in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes, thalassaemia major and controls.

Blood Transfusion — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mavrogeni S PMID: 22244006 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Blood Transfusion)

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GeneXpert in the diagnosis of risk factors for thrombophilia: evaluation of its use in a small laboratory.

Blood Transfusion — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Gessoni G, Sara SV, Canistro R, Manoni F PMID: 22244005 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Blood Transfusion)

Clinical and laboratory characteristics of children positive for antiphospholipid antibodies.

Blood Transfusion — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

DISCUSSION: Our study shows that aPL-positive children have different features that should be taken into account in the classification of criteria for paediatric APS. PMID: 22244004 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Blood Transfusion)

State-of-the-art review about basophil research in immunology and allergy: is the time right to treat these cells with the respect they deserve?

Blood Transfusion — Thu, 22 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Chirumbolo S PMID: 22244003 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Blood Transfusion)

Comparison between two pedicle screw augmentation instrumentations in adult degenerative scoliosis with osteoporosis

BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Both augmentation pedicle screw with Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and autogenous bone treating degenerative lumbar scoliosis combined with osteoporosis can achieve a good surgical result. Less oral pain medicines taken are the potential benefits of Polymethylmethacrylate augmentation, but that is at the cost of more medical spending. (Source: BMC Musculoskeletal Disorders)

Development of an ethidium monoazide-enhanced internally controlled universal 16S rDNA real-time polymerase chain reaction assay for detection of bacterial contamination in platelet concentrates.

Transfusion — Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Cross-linking of EMA to DNA via photoactivation solved the previously intractable problem of reagent contamination and permitted the development of a high-sensitivity universal bacterial detection system. Trials are ongoing to assess the suitability of the system for high-throughput screening of PLT concentrates. PMID: 22188457 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transfusion)

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Drug-induced immune thrombocytopaenia: results from the Berlin Case–Control Surveillance Study

European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 16:46:52 +0100

Conclusions Our study confirms known ITP risks for glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists and sulphonamides and generates signals for several other drugs and vaccines. New onset of ITP should not only direct attention to drugs as possible aetiological agents, but also to vaccines that are known to cause autoimmune phenomena. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Pharmacoepidemiology and PrescriptionPages 1-12DOI 10.1007/s00228-011-1184-3Authors Edeltraut Garbe, Centre of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, GermanyFrank Andersohn, Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economy, Charité–Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, GermanyElisabeth Bronder, Centre of Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, C...

Requiring Less Blood After Surgery

Health News from Medical News Today — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 13:00:00 +0100

According to study published in the New England Journal of Medicine, individuals who receive surgery require less blood after the procedure than commonly thought. The study compared two strategies for administering blood transfusions after surgery. The researchers discovered that no adverse effects from postponing transfusing were shown until patients hemoglobin concentration falls below 8 g/dL or they develop signs of anemia. The study was funded by the National Heart and Lung and Blood Institute... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Genotype-phenotype relationship of patients with β-thalassemia taking hydroxyurea: a 13-year experience in Iran.

International Journal of Hematology — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Karimi M, Haghpanah S, Farhadi A, Yavarian M Abstract We evaluated the clinical responses to hydroxyurea (HU), adverse effects, and β-globin gene variants in a large series of β-thalassemic patients over a 13-year period in Iran. The patients (n = 232) were divided into two groups: transfusion-dependent β-thalassemia patients 2 years of age and older (n = 126; Group 1), and β-thalassemia intermedia (βTI) patients without any history of blood transfusion or with a long-interval transfusion (n = 106; Group 2). In Group 1, 86 patients became transfusion-free, and 25 patients needed 1-2 transfusions per year at the end of study. All except three patients in Group 2 were completely transfusion free with a significant increase in Hb level after 1 year compared to th...

Methods to decrease blood loss and transfusion requirements for liver transplantation.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 01:00:04 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Aprotinin, recombinant factor VIIa, and thromboelastography groups may potentially reduce blood loss and transfusion requirements. However, risks of systematic errors (bias) and risks of random errors (play of chance) hamper the confidence in this conclusion. We need further well-designed randomised trials with low risk of systematic error and low risk of random errors before these interventions can be supported or refuted. PMID: 22161443 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)

Light-emitting diode phototherapy for unconjugated hyperbilirubinaemia in neonates.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 01:00:04 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: LED light source phototherapy is efficacious in bringing down levels of serum total bilirubin at rates that are similar to phototherapy with conventional (compact fluorescent lamp (CFL) or halogen) light sources. Further studies are warranted for evaluating efficacy of LED phototherapy in neonates with haemolytic jaundice or in the presence of severe hyperbilirubinaemia (STB ≥ 20 mg/dL). PMID: 22161417 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)

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Nitric oxide donors for cervical ripening in first-trimester surgical abortion.

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews — Tue, 20 Dec 2011 01:00:04 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: NO donors are superior to placebo or no treatment, but inferior to prostaglandins for first-trimester cervical ripening, and associated with more side effects. PMID: 22161413 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews)

Transfusion-Free Complex Cardiac Surgery with Use of Deep Hypothermic Circulatory Arrest in a Preterm 2.96-kg Jehovah's Witness Neonate.

Texas Heart Institute Journal — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 09:30:03 +0100

Authors: Huebler M, Habazettl H, Boettcher W, Kuppe H, Hetzer R, Redlin M Abstract In neonates, the major obstacle to transfusion-free complex cardiac surgery is the severe hemodilution that can result from the mismatch between the priming volume of the circuit and the patients' blood volume. Herein, we report the case of a 13-day-old, 2.96-kg preterm neonate who had a hypoplastic aortic arch and atrial and ventricular septal defects. At the insistence of her Jehovah's Witness parents, we performed corrective surgery without transfusing homologous blood products-using deep hypothermic circulatory arrest in the process. A specially designed cardiopulmonary bypass circuit with a priming volume of only 95 mL was the key component of an interdisciplinary effort to avoid transfusion whi...

Safety of Hepatic Resections in Obese Veterans [Original Article]

Archives of Surgery — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Obesity did not increase postoperative complications after liver resection in veterans. After adjusting for other clinical factors, extreme obesity (BMI ≥40.0) was an independent risk factor for increased mortality. (Source: Archives of Surgery)

Ex-vivo expansion of red blood cells: How real for transfusion in humans?

Blood Reviews — Mon, 19 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Abstract: Blood transfusion is indispensable for modern medicine. In developed countries, the blood supply is adequate and safe but blood for alloimmunized patients is often unavailable. Concerns are increasing that donations may become inadequate in the future as the population ages prompting a search for alternative transfusion products. Improvements in culture conditions and proof-of-principle studies in animal models have suggested that ex-vivo expanded red cells may represent such a product. Compared to other cell therapies transfusion poses the unique challenge of requiring great cell doses (2.5×1012 cells vs 107 cells). Although production of such cell numbers is theoretically possible, current technologies generate red cells in numbers sufficient only for safety studies. It is con...

Laparoscopic versus open distal pancreatectomy: a clinical and cost-effectiveness study

Surgical Endoscopy — Sat, 17 Dec 2011 06:43:57 +0100

Conclusions We showed that LDP is feasible and safe without having a negative impact on cost. Extensive experience in pancreatic and laparoscopic surgery is required to optimize surgical outcomes. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-5DOI 10.1007/s00464-011-2090-6Authors Mohammad Abu Hilal, Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic and Laparoscopic Surgical Unit, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UKMohammed Hamdan, Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic and Laparoscopic Surgical Unit, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UKFrancesco Di Fabio, Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic and Laparoscopic Surgical Unit, Southampton University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UKNeil W. Pearce, Hepatobiliary-Pancreatic and Laparoscopic Surgical U...

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Serous cyst adenoma of the pancreas: appraisal of active surgical strategy before it causes problems

Surgical Endoscopy — Sat, 17 Dec 2011 06:43:34 +0100

Conclusion Before SCA causes symptoms or grows larger than 5 cm, an active surgical approach, such as minimally invasive surgery, needs to be considered. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00464-011-2070-xAuthors Ho Kyoung Hwang, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Ludlow Faculty Research Building #204, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752 KoreaHyunki Kim, Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, KoreaChang Moo Kang, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas, Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Ludlow Faculty Research Building #204, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752 KoreaWoo Jung Lee, Division of Hepatobiliary and P...

Less Blood Needed Post-Surgery

Health News from Medical News Today — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 10:00:00 +0100

Patients need less blood after surgery than is widely thought. A new study comparing two plans for giving blood transfusions following surgery showed no ill effects from postponing transfusion until patients develop signs of anemia or their hemoglobin concentration falls below 8 g/dL. Results of the National Heart and Lung and Blood Instituteâ�"funded study are published in today's edition of the New England Journal of Medicine... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Rationale and design of The Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting Surgery Off or On Pump Revascularization Study: A large international randomized trial in cardiac surgery

American Heart Journal — Fri, 16 Dec 2011 02:35:17 +0100

Conclusions: CORONARY is the largest trial yet conducted comparing off-pump CABG to on-pump CABG. Its results will lead to a better understanding of the safety and efficacy of off-pump CABG. (Source: American Heart Journal)

Using A Restrictive Approach In Post-Surgical Blood Transfusions Is Safe And Saves Blood

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 10:00:00 +0100

New research published online in advance of print in the New England Journal of Medicine could refine the way that post-operative patients are cared for while preserving blood supply levels, an essential resource that is difficult to maintain at necessary quantities throughout the year... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Study Finds Fewer Blood Transfusions Needed After Hip Surgeries

MedicineNet Crohn's Disease General — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 07:00:00 +0100

Title: Study Finds Fewer Blood Transfusions Needed After Hip SurgeriesCategory: Health NewsCreated: 12/14/2011 6:06:00 PMLast Editorial Review: 12/15/2011 (Source: MedicineNet Crohn's Disease General)

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Less blood needed post-surgery, says NEJM study

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(New York- Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center) Patients need less blood after surgery than is widely thought. A new study comparing two plans for giving blood transfusions following surgery showed no ill effects from postponing transfusion until patients develop signs of anemia or their hemoglobin concentration falls below 8 g/dL. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Hospital Volume is a Determinant of Postoperative Complications, Blood Transfusion and Length of Stay After Radical or Partial Nephrectomy

The Journal of Urology — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: On average, high hospital volume results in more favorable outcomes during hospitalization after nephrectomy. (Source: The Journal of Urology)

Liberal Transfusion No Help in Hip Surgery (CME/CE)

MedPage Today Surgery — Thu, 15 Dec 2011 01:44:27 +0100

(MedPage Today) -- Hip-fracture patients with an increased cardiovascular risk gained no survival or functional benefits from liberal use of blood transfusions, results of a large randomized trial showed. (Source: MedPage Today Surgery)

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Study Finds Fewer Blood Transfusions Needed After Hip Surgeries

The Doctors Lounge - Hematology — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Not doing it had little effect on recovery, death risk among elderly patients (Source: The Doctors Lounge - Hematology)

University of Maryland finds restricting post-surgery blood transfusion is safe for some hip patients

EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(University of Maryland Medical Center) More than half of the older, anemic patients in a New England Journal of Medicine study did not need blood transfusions as they recovered from hip surgery, according to new research co-authored by University of Maryland School of Medicine scientists. The study found no significant difference in rate of recovery between patients who received transfusions at a moderate level of anemia and those who did not receive transfusions until their anemia was more advanced. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)

Pertrochanteric hip fractures

Orthopedic Trauma Directions — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Orthopedic Trauma Directions 2011; 9: 9-16DOI: 10.1055/s-0030-1267126SummaryEvidence from four randomized controlled trials suggests a 60% reduction in 1 year mortality for percutaneous compression plating (PCCP) compared with hip screw (HS) for treatment of pertrochanteric hip fractures. Other outcomes favoring PCCP include lower mean blood transfusion requirements and slightly lower postoperative pain. Both PCCP and HS are associated with low rates of implant failure, however, in the PCCP group implant failure and unplanned reoperations may be more common. Additional randomized controlled trials are recommended to verify these results.[...]© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New YorkArticle in Thieme eJournals:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Orthopedic Tr...

Patients with aortic stenosis referred for TAVI: treatment decision, in-hospital outcome and determinants of survival.

Netherlands Heart Journal — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Approximately two-thirds of the patients referred for TAVI receive this treatment with gratifying short- and long-term survival. Another 7% underwent AVR. Prognosis is poor in patients who do not receive valve replacement therapy. PMID: 22167520 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Netherlands Heart Journal)

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Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology — Wed, 14 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Recurrent bleeding from gastrointestinal vascular malformations remains a significant challenge, especially when endoscopic therapy is either ineffective or the full extent of the lesions cannot be reliably assessed or treated. Recent evidence has shown that vascular ectasias express vascular endothelial growth factor. Because several case reports suggest thalidomide—which alters this growth factor—may be effective in these patients, this open-label, randomized trial was performed. Consecutive patients with refractory bleeding from vascular ectasias over a 4-year period were randomized to thalidomide 100 mg daily (n = 28) or 400 mg of iron (n = 27, controls) daily for 4 months. Bleeding was defined as a positive result from an immunoassay fecal occult blood test. A number of secondary ...

Increasing trends in atonic postpartum haemorrhage in Ireland: an 11‐year population‐based cohort study

BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology — Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Increasing rates of atonic PPH highlight the pressing need for research and for clinical audit focusing on aetiological factors, preventative measures and quality of care, to guide current clinical practice. (Source: BJOG: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology)

Increasing trends in atonic postpartum haemorrhage in Ireland: an 11-year population-based cohort study.

BJOG : An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology — Tue, 13 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Increasing rates of atonic PPH highlight the pressing need for research and for clinical audit focusing on aetiological factors, preventative measures and quality of care, to guide current clinical practice. PMID: 22168794 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: BJOG : An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology)

The effect of annual surgical caseload on the rates of in-hospital pneumonia and other in-hospital outcomes after radical prostatectomy

International Urology and Nephrology — Mon, 12 Dec 2011 17:14:05 +0100

Conclusions RP by high ASC surgeons exerts a protective effect on IHP rates. Additionally, IHP is associated with higher in-hospital mortality, prolonged LOS, and higher hospital charges. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Urology – Original PaperPages 1-8DOI 10.1007/s11255-011-0103-yAuthors Jan Schmitges, Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, GermanyQuoc-Dien Trinh, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal Health Center, 1058, rue St-Denis, Montreal, QC H2X 3J4, CanadaMarco Bianchi, Department of Urology, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, ItalyMaxine Sun, Cancer Prognostics and Health Outcomes Unit, University of Montreal Health Center, 1058, rue St-Denis, Montreal, QC H2X 3J4, CanadaFiras Abdolla...

Multicentre cohort study of red blood cell use for revision hip arthroplasty and factors associated with greater risk of allogeneic blood transfusion

British Journal of Anaesthesia — Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions PCS is an effective blood conservation strategy for RHA, especially for patients with preoperative anaemia, low body weight, or both. (Source: British Journal of Anaesthesia)

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HIVE Liverpool Teaches on World AIDS Day

Support for International Change : HIV AIDS — Sat, 10 Dec 2011 16:06:48 +0100

West Derby School Crest HIVE Liverpool made a great start to 2011′s teaching on 1st December – World AIDs day nonetheless! We taught at West Derby School to a class of 12 6th form boys in central Liverpool. Teaching were Rachel, Charlie and our newly trained teachers – Jess and Georgina. We began discussing what HIV and AIDs are and why it’s important to them – “Does it really matter?” – how they can make a difference. We touched on how important HIV is as a global health problem – a heavy start but one that kept focus! The pupils were amaazed to learn the extent of the problem and the cost of drugs – £10 000 -£20 000 per year. The infamous question of “Where did HIV really come from?” kept us on our toes! West Derby...

Postpartum anemia II: prevention and treatment

Annals of Hematology — Thu, 08 Dec 2011 07:21:21 +0100

Abstract This review focuses on the prevention and treatment of anemia in women who have just given childbirth (postpartum anemia). The problem of anemia both prepartum and postpartum is far more prevalent in developing countries than in the Western societies. The conditions for mother and child in the postpartum, nursing, and lactation period should be as favorable as possible. Many young mothers have a troublesome life due to iron deficiency and iron deficiency anemia (IDA) causing a plethora of symptoms including fatigue, physical disability, cognitive problems, and psychiatric disorders. Routine screening for postpartum anemia should be considered as part of the national maternal health programs. Major causes of postpartum anemia are prepartum iron deficiency and IDA i...

Adhesion molecules and high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein levels in patients with sickle cell beta‐thalassaemia

European Journal of Clinical Investigation — Thu, 08 Dec 2011 06:48:12 +0100

Conclusion Our findings demonstrate the high degree of endothelial activation and damage seen in sickle cell patients even in steady‐state condition, as well as the important chronic inflammation underlying the pathophysiology of this widespread disease. (Source: European Journal of Clinical Investigation)

Reducing the incidence of TRALI in the UK: the results of screening for donor leucocyte antibodies and the development of national guidelines

Vox Sanguinis — Thu, 08 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Female donors with leucocyte antibodies were identified in a stratified screening programme. Donors with antibodies were either directed to red cell donation or deferred. This process, combined with other measures that have already been introduced, is anticipated to further reduce the incidence of TRALI. (Source: Vox Sanguinis)

Canadian National Advisory Committee on Blood and Blood Products; Massive Transfusion Consensus Conference, 2011 - Report of the Panel

Critical Care — Thu, 08 Dec 2011 04:38:34 +0100

This report is intended to provide guidance to practitioners, hospitals, and policy makers. (Source: Critical Care)

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Blood loss during radical prostatectomy: impact on clinical, oncological and functional outcomes and complication rates

BJU International — Wed, 07 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS• BL during ORRP does not adversely impact clinical and functional outcomes irrespective of how BL is defined.• Thus, the lower BL associated with robotic‐assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy (RALP) in and of itself would not be expected to improve functional or oncological outcomes. (Source: BJU International)

Prognostic value of red blood cell parameters and ferritin in predicting deferral due to low hemoglobin in whole blood donors

Annals of Hematology — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 17:03:02 +0100

In conclusion, pre-donation hemoglobin is a useful marker identifying donors at risk of developing low hemoglobin levels. Diagnostic and therapeutic interventions should be aimed at donors presenting with hemoglobin levels near the threshold of donor deferral. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s00277-011-1371-4Authors Martin Stern, Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, SwitzerlandAlix O’Meara, Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, SwitzerlandLaura Infanti, Blood Transfusion Center, Swiss Red Cross, Basel, Hebelstrasse 10, 4031 Basel, SwitzerlandJoerg-Peter Sigle, Blood Transfusion Center, Swiss Red Cross, Basel, Hebelstrasse 10, 4031 B...

TCR cross-reactivity and allorecognition: new insights into the immunogenetics of allorecognition

Immunogenetics — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 17:02:16 +0100

Abstract Alloreactive T cells are core mediators of graft rejection and are a potent barrier to transplantation tolerance. It was previously unclear how T cells educated in the recipient thymus could recognize allogeneic HLA molecules. Recently it was shown that both naïve and memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells are frequently cross-reactive against allogeneic HLA molecules and that this allorecognition exhibits exquisite peptide and HLA specificity and is dependent on both public and private specificities of the T cell receptor. In this review we highlight new insights gained into the immunogenetics of allorecognition, with particular emphasis on how viral infection and vaccination may specifically activate allo-HLA reactive T cells. We also briefly discuss the potential for vir...

High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation Rescue Refractory Hypoxemia in a Patient With Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury.

Respiratory Care — Tue, 06 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Huang CH, Hu HC, Hsieh MJ, Huang CT, Cho HY, Hsiao HF, Yang CT, Tsai YH, Huang CC, Kao KC Abstract Transfusion-related acute lung injury is a serious complication of blood transfusions. Herein is a report on a 32-year-old woman who developed diffuse pulmonary infiltrates and acute respiratory compromise after blood transfusion. Non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema was diagnosed based on data calculated by hemodynamic monitoring system but severe hypoxemia persisted despite conventional pressure-control ventilation with 100% oxygen, low tidal volume and high positive end-expiratory pressure. The refractory hypoxemia was improved by high-frequency oscillatory ventilation. This experience suggests that high frequency oscillatory ventilation may be beneficial for patients with tran...

Changing Shape

Thrive, Children's Hospital Boston — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 15:11:15 +0100

Maryam and her parents Born in Baghdad in 2002 without access to advanced medical care, Maryam Idan stood little chance of receiving anything more than the most basic treatment for her sickle cell disease (SCD). By the time Maryam was a baby, her parents, Basim and Janin Al-Zoubaidi, had already lost three of their children to the blood disorder, so they knew the condition’s telltale signs. “When she started showing the same symptoms as her siblings, we immediately thought the worst,” says her father. “We knew there was treatment in America, but we had no idea if we would have the means to get there.” An inherited disease, SCD causes a child’s red blood cells to malform and become stiff, taking on the shape of a sickle, like the letter C. These abnormally shaped blood cells ca...

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Australia’s ‘Hospital in the Home’ Care Model Demonstrates Major Cost Savings and Comparable Patient Outcomes

Dark Daily — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 14:19:27 +0100

New report determines in-home patient care can save an average of 22% over inpatient care for six different health conditions Momentum continues to build in favor of the “Hospital in the Home”, known by the acronym HITH. For certain health conditions, this care model allows the patient to remain in his or her home, instead [...] (Source: Dark Daily)

Rwanda: Western Province Gets Blood Transfusion Centers

AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 08:24:54 +0100

Two fully equipped blood collection and transfusion centers are under construction in Rusizi and Rubavu districts, Western Province, to improve efficiency of blood donation and distribution across the country. (Source: AllAfrica News: Health and Medicine)

Risk factors and outcomes of massive red blood cell transfusion following living donor liver transplantation

Chinese Journal of Digestive Diseases — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Blood transfusion during LDLT can be predicted using preoperative variables. Massive RBC transfusion may lead to poor long‐term survival, higher postoperative infection rate and prolonged ICU stay. Platelet transfusion is not a risk factor for long‐term survival.© 2011 The Authors. Journal of Digestive Diseases © 2011 Chinese Medical Association Shanghai Branch, Chinese Society of Gastroenterology, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine and Blackwell Publishing Asia Pty Ltd. (Source: Chinese Journal of Digestive Diseases)

Asymptomatic carriage of malaria parasites in blood donors in Yaoundé

Transfusion Medicine — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Malaria parasites carriage is frequent among blood donors in Yaoundé. These data seem to describe high‐risk donor profile and may help improving blood safety related to transfusion‐transmitted malaria in Cameroon. (Source: Transfusion Medicine)

Clinical Ethics Committee Case 16: A request from an accident and emergency department - should we give our patient a blood transfusion?

Clinical Ethics — Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

(Source: Clinical Ethics)

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Peripartum use of cell salvage: a university practice audit and literature review

Archives of Gynecology and Obstetrics — Fri, 02 Dec 2011 18:09:47 +0100

Conclusion Using our combined medical records, we found that IOCS is a rapid method of blood replacement that allows blood bank service recruitment and presents no adverse reaction to the parturient. However, this sophisticated system is appropriate for tertiary surgical centers and its routine use should be assessed by national medical boards. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Maternal-Fetal MedicinePages 1-4DOI 10.1007/s00404-011-2164-7Authors Aharon Tevet, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Centre, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, IsraelSorina Grisaru-Granovsky, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare Zedek Medical Centre, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, IsraelArnon Samueloff, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shaare Zedek ...

Safe surgery: how accurate are we at predicting intra‐operative blood loss?

Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice — Fri, 02 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion Predicted intra‐operative blood loss was within 500 mL of measured blood loss in 89% of operations. In 30% of patients who ultimately receive a blood transfusion, both the surgeon and anaesthetist significantly underestimate the risk of blood loss by greater than 500 mL. Theatre staff must be aware that 1 in 14 patients undergoing intermediate or major surgery will have an unexpected blood loss exceeding 500 mL and so robust policies to identify and manage such circumstances should be in place to improve patient safety. (Source: Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice)

Hepatocellular Carcinoma Within a Noncirrhotic, Nonfibrotic, Seronegative Liver: Surgical Approaches and Outcomes

Journal of the American College of Surgeons — Fri, 02 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: HCC presenting in patients with a normal background liver parenchyma appears to present a different spectrum of the disease. However, excellent outcomes can be achieved after liver resection, although this often requires the use of advanced techniques due to late presentation. (Source: Journal of the American College of Surgeons)

Mortality from necrotizing enterocolitis reduced by change in transfusion practices

Modern Medicine — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100

Premature infants with the AB blood type who develop necrotizing enterocolitis are nearly 3 times more likely to die from it as preemies with other blood types, according to a recent study. A straightforward change in blood transfusion practice can reduce mortality, however. What do the researchers recommend? (Source: Modern Medicine)