MedWorm: Cryosurgery

Intralesional cryosurgery for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma in an elderly patient

European Journal of Plastic Surgery — Thu, 02 Feb 2012 18:13:17 +0100

Abstract The incidence of basal cell carcinoma (BCC) on the lower extremities of elderly patients, who have co-morbidity, is rising. The surgical technique to treat those skin neoplasms on the legs should take into account difficulties in wound healing, dehiscence, or necrosis of the surgical wound, failed skin grafting, and wound infection due to blood supply and innervation disturbances and reduced quality of the skin. Spray/contact cryosurgery is one of the well-established, older therapies for BCC and is widely used with hardly any contraindications and with a high cure rate. This case report is the first in the medical literature to present a successful removal of two BCCs on the leg of an elderly patient by employing a novel and new intralesional cryosurgery technolo...

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Histomorphometric assessment of bone necrosis produced by two cryosurgery protocols using liquid nitrogen: an experimental study on rat femurs

Journal of Applied Oral Science — Fri, 13 Jan 2012 21:27:33 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The present results indicate that the 2-min protocol produced more marked bone necrosis than the 1-min protocol. Although our results cannot be entirely extrapolated to clinical practice, they contribute to the understanding of the behavior of bone tissue submitted to different cycles of liquid nitrogen freezing and may serve as a basis for new studies. (Source: Journal of Applied Oral Science)

Characterization of Changes to the Mechanical Properties of Arteries due to Cold Storage Using Nanoindentation Tests.

Annals of Biomedical Engineering — Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

In this study, using a custom-made nanoindentation device, changes to the local viscoelastic properties of porcine thoracic aorta wall due to three common storage temperatures (+4, -20, and -80 °C) within 24 h, 48 h, 1 week, and 3 weeks were characterized. The changes to both elastic and relaxation behaviors were investigated considering the multilayer, heterogeneous nature of the aortic wall. The results showed that the average instantaneous Young's modulus (E) of +4 °C storage samples decreased while their permanent average relaxation amplitude (G (∞)) increased and after 48 h these changes became significant (10 and 13% for E and G (∞), respectively). Generally, in freezer storage, E increased and G (∞) showed no significant change. In prolon...

An optimisation approach to multiprobe cryosurgery planning.

Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biomedical Engineering — Fri, 06 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100

Authors: Giorgi G, Avalle L, Brignone M, Piana M, Caviglia G Abstract In cryosurgery operations, tumoural cells are killed by means of a freezing procedure realised with the insertion of cryoprobes in the diseased tissue. Cryosurgery planning aims at establishing the best values for operation parameters like number and position of the probes or temperature and duration of the freezing process. Here, we present an application of ant colony optimisation (ACO) to cryosurgery planning, whereby the ACO cost function is computed by numerically solving several direct Stefan problems in biological tissues. The method is validated in the case of a 2D phantom of a prostate cross section. PMID: 22224977 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Computer Methods in Biomechanics and Biom...

Acquired perforating dermatosis successfully treated with photodynamic therapy

Photodermatology, Photoimmunology and Photomedicine — Sun, 01 Jan 2012 07:44:05 +0100

SummaryAcquired perforating dermatosis is a rare perforating skin disorder characterized by intensely pruritic papules or nodules with central adherent plugs mainly observed on the lower extremities and transepidermal elimination of collagen bundles. Treatment of acquired perforating dermatosis is a matter of debate and conventional treatment options including topical and systemic retinoids, topical corticosteroids and keratolytics, ultraviolet B phototherapy, psoralen plus ultraviolet A (PUVA), allopurinol and cryosurgery show mixed results. Herein, we describe a 60‐year‐old woman with a diagnosis of acquired perforating dermatosis secondary to diabetes mellitus in whom we achieved excellent results with photodynamic treatment. As far as we are aware, this is the first case report of ...

Congenital Ranula in a Newborn: A Rare Presentation

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 19:28:54 +0100

We report the case of a full term female neonate with a congenital ranula in the floor of mouth on left side. The swelling caused no discomfort or complication and hence no immediate intervention was required. The ranula was treated by aspiration using a wide bore needle and did not recur on 4 months follow up. Other methods of treatment include excision of ranula, marsupialization, cryosurgery, sclerotherapy. As many congenital cysts resolve or rupture spontaneously, they should be observed for potential resolution for several months in uncomplicated cases. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical ReportPages 1-3DOI 10.1007/s12070-011-0371-yAuthors Arvind Soni, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, IndiaPooja Suyal, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, India...

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Needs Assessment for General Dermatologic Surgery

Dermatologic Clinics — Thu, 01 Dec 2011 06:37:24 +0100

This article reviews current recommendations, strength of evidence, and areas in need of further research in the surgical treatment of melanoma and nonmelanoma skin cancers, as well as other select cutaneous neoplasms. Cryosurgery, electrosurgery, photodynamic therapy, and surgical excision are discussed. Local anesthesia, suturing technique, postsurgical dressings, and optimization of scarring are briefly reviewed. In general, large, high-quality, randomized controlled trials on which to base recommendations are lacking. (Source: Dermatologic Clinics)

New treatment paradigm for prostate cancer: abarelix initiation therapy for immediate testosterone suppression followed by a luteinizing hormone‐releasing hormone agonist

BJU International — Wed, 16 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS• Abarelix initiation therapy results in the desired effect of achieving rapid testosterone suppression; testosterone surges after subsequent LHRH agonist therapy are greatly abrogated or completely eliminated.• This treatment paradigm (abarelix initiation followed by agonist maintenance) obviates the need for an antiandrogen.• Abarelix was well tolerated and no clinically meaningful or novel adverse events were observed during abarelix treatment or in the transition to LHRH agonist maintenance therapy. (Source: BJU International)

Reflectance confocal microscopy for the evaluation of acute epidermal wound healing

Wound Repair and Regeneration — Wed, 19 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

AbstractThe dynamic process of wound healing is routinely evaluated by clinical or histological evaluation. Recently, a number of non‐invasive imaging techniques have been evaluated for their clinical applicability in dermatology. Among them, reflectance confocal microscopy (RCM) represents a non‐invasive imaging technique that allows the in vivo characterization of the skin at near‐histological resolution. The aim of this study was to monitor epidermal wound repair using RCM in a model of tissue damage induced by cryosurgery. For this purpose, contact cryosurgery was performed at −32 °C for 10 seconds on the volar forearm of five healthy volunteers. Clinical and RCM evaluations were performed at nine consecutive time points. RCM allowed the visualization of edema formation and ...

Pain evaluation in the cryosurgery of actinic keratoses

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia — Sun, 09 Oct 2011 05:29:10 +0100

The role of cryotherapy in the management of aggressive odontogenic lesions

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery — Sat, 01 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Liquid nitrogen cryosurgery, boiling at −196°C, has been shown to be an effective physicochemical treatment to decrease the recurrence rate of aggressive odontogenic lesions. Following enucleation and curettage of the lesion, the application of liquid nitrogen, generally by means of a spray but sometimes utilizing a probe, will devitalize bone to a depth of 1–2mm beyond the visible edge of the bone. This devitalized bone retains it inorganic structure and forms a framework for new bone formation. If nerves are affected by the liquid nitrogen, they will generally recover and overall recurrence rates are decreased to 5–10%. (Source: International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery)

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Cryosurgery and rhTNF-α play synergistic effects on a rat cortex C6 glioma model.

Cryobiology — Thu, 29 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Huang KM, Peng M, Feng YQ, Huang H, Tu HJ, Luo J, Zhang L, Yuan XH, Wang LC Abstract Glioma, a type of brain tumor originating from glioma cells, varies widely in aggressiveness and causes serious symptoms, but the treatments are limited. Studies have shown that cryosurgery has multiple effects on tumor treatments, and administration of human tumor necrosis factor-alpha (rhTNF-α) arguments the anti-tumor effect of cryotherapy in breast and prostate cancers. To test the hypothesis that cryosurgery and rhTNF-α play synergistic effects against brain tumors, we established a brain glioma model on rat cortex regions following different treatments: the G1 group was sham-operated; the G2 group was treated with cryosurgery; the G3 group was treated with rhTNF-α; and G4 group re...

A case of de novo secondary malignant giant-cell tumor of bone with loss of heterozygosity of p53 gene that transformed within a short-term follow-up.

Pathology, Research and Practice — Wed, 14 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

Authors: Saito T, Mitomi H, Suehara Y, Okubo T, Torigoe T, Takagi T, Kaneko K, Yao T Abstract A 19-year-old woman was admitted to the hospital with a complaint of right wrist pain. A plain radiograph showed an osteolytic lesion in the right distal radius. Surgical treatment with curettage and bone grafting was performed under the clinical diagnosis of a giant-cell tumor. However, local recurrence was noticed 6 months after the treatment, and the curettage and bone graft were performed again. The histology of the recurrent lesion revealed a malignant giant-cell tumor that was entirely composed of highly atypical stromal cells and tumor giant cells. After a retrospective review of the primary lesion, it was found to also contain a small focus of pleomorphic cells within the conventio...

Interventional therapies of unresectable liver metastases

Journal of Cancer Research and Clinical Oncology — Sat, 10 Sep 2011 15:48:19 +0100

Abstract Liver metastases are the major cause of mortality in patients with gastrointestinal carcinomas and other malignant tumors, carrying a poor prognosis and presenting considerable management. Surgical resection remains the only curative therapy for liver metastases up to now. However, only a small percentage of patients are suitable for curative resection due to many factors: multi-centric tumors, extrahepatic metastases, early vascular invasion, and coexisting advanced liver cirrhosis. In non-surgical cases, regional interventional therapies have led to a major break through in the treatment of unresectable liver metastases, which include transarterial chemoembolization (TACE), radiofrequency ablation (RFA), laser-induced thermotherapy (LITT), cryosurgical ablation ...

[Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging in monitoring malignant tumor during argon-helium cryosurgery].

Journal of Southern Medical University — Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging has important values in monitoring malignant tumors during argon-helium cryosurgical treatment and in evaluating the short-term therapeutic effect of the treatment. PMID: 21945783 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Southern Medical University)

Vitamin D3 cryosensitization increases prostate cancer susceptibility to cryoablation via mitochondrial‐mediated apoptosis and necrosis

BJU International — Thu, 25 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS• The present study suggests that the use of VD3 as a cryosensitizer increases cryoablation efficacy through the increased activity of apoptosis as well as through necrosis.• The data show that through VD3 treatment the overall level of AI CaP cell tolerance to freezing is reduced to a level similar to that of AS CaP.• VD3 pre‐treatment in conjunction with cryoablation may increase treatment efficacy and reduce disease recurrence for CaP patients. (Source: BJU International)

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Complications and postoperative events after cryosurgery for prostate cancer

BJU International — Sun, 21 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS• Modern cryosurgery is safe, and most of the complications and postoperative events are transient.• Erectile function, however, has marked deterioration.• We were unable to identify significant risk factors for complications or postoperative events. (Source: BJU International)

Prospective trial of curettage and cryosurgery in the management of non‐facial, superficial, and minimally invasive basal and squamous cell carcinoma

International Journal of Dermatology — Sat, 20 Aug 2011 15:40:38 +0100

Conclusions Curettage and cryosurgery is a simple, highly effective, and reliable treatment method for select, low‐risk non‐melanoma skin cancers. (Source: International Journal of Dermatology)

Clinical Analysis of Interventional Bronchoscopy  for the Treatment of Malignant Obstructive Atelectasis

Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer — Tue, 16 Aug 2011 17:13:28 +0100

Conclusion Bronchoscopy can rapidly and effectively debulge the airway tumor and reopen the atelectasis. DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2011.08.04 (Source: Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer)

Skin cancer management: A practical approach

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology — Fri, 12 Aug 2011 16:59:52 +0100

Skin Cancer Management: A Practical Approach draws on the experience and expertise of a team of well-respected authors to address the management of patients with skin cancer. The text comprehensively references essential articles relevant to each particular topic, all in a thin, 300-page frame. The first half of the textbook covers fundamental dermatologic therapies, such as chemical peels and cryosurgery, while the latter half of the book focuses on more advanced procedural skills, such as cutaneous flaps and skin grafts. Chapters dedicated to unique clinical topics are plentiful and take a multidisciplinary approach to the care of patients with complicated disease. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology)

Cryosurgery for treatment of subcutaneously xenotransplanted tumors in rats and its effect on cellular immunity.

Technology in Cancer Research and Treatment — Tue, 26 Jul 2011 01:45:24 +0100

Authors: Liu JG, Chen FL, Ge CL, Gong MY, Zuo HB, Zhang JR Cryosurgery has shown encouraging therapeutic effects on some solid tumors but its effect on the cellular immunity remains unclear. We developed a subcutaneously xenotransplanted tumor model in SD rats to directly evaluate the immune response by detecting the serum cytokine levels, T-cell responses to tumor derived antigens, and the cytolytic activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells against the W256 cancer line with apoptosis of cells being detected using TUNEL method. 66 SD rats were divided into 2 groups with group A having 36 rats and group B having 30 rats. 30 rats in group B were equally divided into 3 groups, tumor group B, cryosurgery group B and surgery group B, with 10 rats each. 36 rats in group A were equally d...

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Long‐term follow‐up of metil aminolevulinate (MAL)‐PDT in difficult‐to‐treat cutaneous Bowen’s disease

International Journal of Dermatology — Sat, 23 Jul 2011 16:18:25 +0100

In this study, we sought to investigate the efficacy, safety, and cosmetic outcome of MAL‐PDT in a series of patients with BD lesions which were challenging to treat for clinical, surgical, and patient‐related reasons, such as size of the lesion, difficult surgical approach for anatomical sites, or age of patients and request of the best cosmetic result. We also performed a long‐term follow‐up to assess recurrence rates and eventual late‐onset adverse events. (Source: International Journal of Dermatology)

EAU Guidelines on Prostate Cancer. Part II: Treatment of Advanced, Relapsing, and Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Actas Urologicas Espanolas — Mon, 11 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: The knowledge in the field of advanced, metastatic, and CRPC is rapidly changing. These EAU guidelines on PCa summarise the most recent findings and put them into clinical practice. A full version is available at the EAU office or online at www.uroweb.org. PMID: 21757258 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Actas Urologicas Espanolas)

Computer simulations on multiprobe freezing of irregularly shaped tumors

Computers in Biology and Medicine — Tue, 21 Jun 2011 18:02:18 +0100

Abstract: Cryosurgery is particularly suitable for the treatment of unresectable liver tumors. However, a major bottleneck is encountered during the treatment of large-sized irregularly shaped tumors. Large and complex liver tumors have varying degree of shape irregularity. Adopting a multiprobe freezing model, simulations for an irregularly shaped liver tumor were conducted. The model, validated with both in-vitro data from an experimental setup, showed good agreement of up to 5.8%. The chosen mathematical treatment and simulation technique permit the study of employing multiple cryoprobes to destroy cancer cells in irregularly shaped tumors. Results from our study indicated that multiple cryoprobes can be strategically positioned to form ice-fronts with various contours that adhere to th...

Gradient Changes in Porcine Renal Arterial Vascular Anatomy and Blood Flow After Cryoablation

The Journal of Urology — Thu, 16 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Purpose: We quantified temporal changes in vascular structure and blood flow after cryosurgery of the porcine kidney in vivo.Materials and Methods: We studied 5 groups of 4 kidneys each with a survival time of 20 minutes, 4 hours, 2 days, and 1 and 2 weeks after cryoablation, respectively. Before harvesting the kidneys, fluorescently labeled microspheres were administrated in the descending aorta. After harvest the kidney and its vasculature were casted with fluorescently dyed elastomer, frozen and processed in an imaging cryomicrotome to reveal the 3-dimensional arterial branching structure and microsphere distribution. In regions of interest vessels were segmented by image analysis software and histograms were constructed to reveal the total summed vessel length as a function of diameter...

Multifocal Epithelioid Hemangioma with Reactive Bone Formation

Diagnostic and Therapeutic Endoscopy — Mon, 06 Jun 2011 14:54:08 +0100

A healthy 16-year-old male patient presented with several weeks of right ankle pain on weight-bearing, worsened with sporting activities, and relieved with rest. Radiographs demonstrated multiple well-marginated lytic lesions in the right distal tibia, and talar head and neck, with a further small intracortical lesion in the mid-to-distal anterior tibia. MRI showed multiple rounded low T1 and high T2 signal intensity lesions within the distal tibia and talus, with marked associated bone marrow edema. The radiologic diagnoses included multifocal hemangioendothelioma, multifocal hemangioma, angiosarcoma, atypical infection, Langerhans cell histiocytosis, or osteoblastomatosis. Histology showed sheets of epithelioid cells lining vascular structures in a hobnailed “tombstone-like” ...

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Surgical Treatments for Lentigo Maligna: A Review

Dermatologic Surgery — Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS SSE and MMS are associated with the lowest recurrence rates for LM. Cryotherapy and radiation therapy may be considered the options for treatment of LM in patients who cannot tolerate surgery. Imiquimod, although not currently approved by the FDA, has shown some efficacy in limited experimental studies and may play a future role in the treatment of LM.The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters. (Source: Dermatologic Surgery)

MRI of frozen tissue demonstrates a phase shift

Magnetic Resonance in Medicine — Mon, 30 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

AbstractWhile temperature mapping is desired during cryosurgery for prostate cancer treatment, an effective approach for this purpose is still needed. We have demonstrated a phase shift with temperature in our in vivo canine experiments and ex vivo tissue sample experiments within the frozen tissue. The phase shift is much larger (∼0.7 °/°C with an echo time of 0.1 ms at 0.5 T) in magnitude than that predicted by conventional proton resonant frequency shift (0.008 °/°C). It shows little dependence on the echo times used and thus is not due to a frequency change, although frequency‐dependent phase shift has been observed near the frozen tissue. This phase shift varies monotonically with temperature within the frozen tissue and therefore may be potentially used as a novel temperature...

The Surgical Management of Allergic Rhinitis

Otolaryngologic clinics of North America — Mon, 30 May 2011 16:58:56 +0100

In their discussion of the treatment of allergic rhinitis, the authors present key features of the disease and its management, allergen responses, the role of the inferior turbinate, and reviews of outcomes with submucosal resection, total inferior turbinectomy, cryosurgery, laser cautery, radical turbinectomy, submucous turbinectomy, submucous electrocautery, and microdebriber turbinoplasty. The authors discuss radiofrequency ablation and coblation outcomes and complications, along with the role of endoscopic sinus surgery in allergic rhinitis and emphasize the need for Otolaryngologists to be facile with a variety of procedures for best outcomes. (Source: Otolaryngologic clinics of North America)

The concomitant cryosurgical Cox-Maze procedure using Argon Based Cryoprobes: 12 month results.

The Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery — Sun, 29 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION:The one year results of the CryoCox-Maze III procedure when performed concomitantly with another cardiac surgical procedure demonstrate reasonable safety and efficacy. However, operator experience may be related to better outcome. The ablation of atrial fibrillation may be associated with improved quality of life and symptoms relief. PMID: 21623336 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The Journal of Cardiovascular Surgery)

Imiquimod can be combined with cryosurgery (immunocryosurgery) for locally advanced periocular basal cell carcinomas

British Journal of Ophthalmology — Wed, 18 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

We present three patients with biopsy proven, locally advanced periocular BCCs, who refused surgery and were treated with the combination ‘cryosurgery during continuing imiquimod application’ (immunocryosurgery).4 For immunocryosurgery, a commercial imiquimod 5% cream formulation (Aldara®, MEDA) was prescribed, and the patients were instructed to... (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology)

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The Value of Cryosurgery in Treating a Case of Thoracic Chondrosarcoma

Clinical and Developmental Immunology — Wed, 11 May 2011 13:59:59 +0100

Chondrosarcomas of the spine are rare and difficult to treat. In this paper a case of thoracic chondrosarcoma is presented. Chondrosarcomas of the spine are generally smaller, more difficult to excise and are followed by higher local recurrence compared with chondrosarcomas of the peripheral skeleton. The tumor is radio- and chemoresistant, making the surgical treatment of utmost importance. The most important prognostic factor for local control is wide or marginal tumor resection. Our patient was treated in two stages, with total excision of the tumor, using cryosurgery. Liquid nitrogen was used to freeze the damaged tissue at a cellular level and made the excision more efficient. (Source: Clinical and Developmental Immunology)

Pain evaluation and control during and following the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids by contact and intralesional cryosurgery – a preliminary study

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology — Mon, 09 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions The pain‐control protocol significantly reduced pain severity to tolerable levels (VAS ≤3 cm) during and following intralesional and contact cryosurgery. Intralesional cryosurgery caused the least pain during and immediately after treatment. (Source: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology)

Subcutaneous emphysema after cryosurgery of a lesion of the femur during femoral nerve block

Journal of Clinical Anesthesia — Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

A 47 year old, 180 cm, 75 kg man with an unremarkable past medical history was referred to the orthopedics department for a painful left knee. Preoperative imaging studies suggested a benign lesion. A chondroid tumor was suspected. The patient was scheduled for excision biopsy of the femur mass and cryoablation. Cryosurgery of benign and low-grade malignant bone tumors is a well established therapeutic procedure in orthopedic oncology . (Source: Journal of Clinical Anesthesia)

Treatment of Facial Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Review

Clinical and Developmental Immunology — Wed, 27 Apr 2011 13:58:11 +0100

Basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) are locally destructive malignancies of the skin. They are the most common type of cancer in the western world. The lifetime incidence may be up to 39%. UV exposure is the most common risk factor. The majority of these tumours occur on the head and neck. Despite BCCs being relatively indolent the high incidence means that their treatment now contributes a significant and increasing workload for the health service. A good understanding of the options available is important. Management decisions may be influenced by various factors including the patient's age and comorbidities and the lesion subtype and location. Due to the importance of a good cosmetic and curative outcome for facial BCCs treatment decisions may differ significantly to those that would...

VIDEO: Non-Surgical Treatment of Kidney Cancer

Kidney Cancer Association — Sat, 23 Apr 2011 21:03:48 +0100

Dr. Kamran Ahmar of the M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, Texas, discusses the use of two methods of dealing with kidney tumors that can be done with tiny probes inserted through the skin guided by imaging to destroy the tumor tissue -- Radio frequency ablation (using heat) and cryosurgery (using freezing).04/23/2011 (Source: Kidney Cancer Association)

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Intracellular ice formation and growth in MCF-7 cancer cells.

Cryobiology — Wed, 20 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Yang G, Zhang A, Xu LX Direct cell injury in cryosurgery is highly related to intracellular ice formation (IIF) during tissue freezing and thawing. Mechanistic understanding of IIF in tumor cells is critical to the development of tumor cryo-ablation protocol. In aid of a high speed CMOS camera system, the events of IIF in MCF-7 cells have been studied using cryomicroscopy. Images of 'darkening' type IIF and recrystallization are compared between cells frozen with and without ice seeding. It is found that ice seeding has significant impact on the occurrence and growth of intracellular ice. Without ice seeding, IIF is observed to occur over a very small range of temperature (∼1°C). The crystal dendrites are indistinguishable, which is independent of the cooling rate. Ice crys...

Polar animals' antifreeze has a spiky secret

New Scientist - Health — Sat, 16 Apr 2011 09:01:12 +0100

Why animal antifreeze locks onto ice, but not water, has been revealed – a crucial step if it is to be used to protect healthy tissue during cryosurgery (Source: New Scientist - Health)

A new 5-ALA-patch for the photodynamic therapy of actinic keratoses

Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy — Sat, 16 Apr 2011 06:58:42 +0100

Introduction/background: To overcome a lack of consistency in dosing and time-consumption of PDT procedures, a 5-ALA-patch (8mg 5-ALA) has been developed. Methods: In clinical studies, pharmacokinetics, PPIX-fluorescence and 5-ALA-patch application time (0.5h, 1h, 2h, 4h) were investigated. In phase III studies (versus placebo-PDT (A) and versus cryosurgery and placebo-PDT (B)) the efficacy, safety and cosmetic outcome were evaluated. 449 patients (mild to moderate AK lesions) were enrolled. The 5-ALA-patch was applied for 4h without preparation of the lesion, followed by illumination (λ 630±3nm (37J/cm2)). (Source: Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy)

Cryosurgery as primary treatment for localized prostate cancer

International Urology and Nephrology — Thu, 07 Apr 2011 17:08:56 +0100

Conclusion Early results suggest that cryotherapy offers a safe and effective alternative for the primary treatment of localized prostate cancer. Additional studies with longer follow-up are necessary to determine the sustained efficacy of this procedure. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-6DOI 10.1007/s11255-011-9952-7Authors Huibo Lian, Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical College of Nanjing University, Zhong-Shan Road No. 321, 210008 Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaHongqian Guo, Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical College of Nanjing University, Zhong-Shan Road No. 321, 210008 Nanjing, Jiangsu, ChinaWeidong Gan, Department of Urology, Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital, Medical College of Nanjing University, Zhong-Shan Road ...

Therapeutic options for intermediate-advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Wed, 06 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Zhang ZM, Guo JX, Zhang ZC, Jiang N, Zhang ZY, Pan LJ Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common malignancies, ranking the sixth in the world, with 55% of cases occurring in China. Usually, patients with HCC did not present until the late stage of the disease, thus limiting their therapeutic options. Although surgical resection is a potentially curative modality for HCC, most patients with intermediate-advanced HCC are not suitable candidates. The current therapeutic modalities for intermediate-advanced HCC include: (1) surgical procedures, such as radical resection, palliative resection, intraoperative radiofrequency ablation or cryosurgical ablation, intraoperative hepatic artery and portal vein chemotherapeutic pump placement, two-stage hepatectomy and liver t...

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Cryosurgery as adjuvant therapy in cutaneous sporotrichosis.

Braz J Infect Dis — Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ferreira CP, Galhardo MC, Valle AC PMID: 21503410 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Braz J Infect Dis)

Cryosurgical Left-sided Maze Procedure in Patients with Valvular Heart Disease: Medium-term Results.

Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery — Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The cryosurgical left-sided maze procedure is a safe, simple, and excellent operation for medically refractory atrial fibrillation. PMID: 21597411 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery)

Treatment of Syringoma Using an Ablative 10,600‐nm Carbon Dioxide Fractional Laser: A Prospective Analysis of 35 Patients

Dermatologic Surgery — Thu, 17 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION The use of CO2 FS can have a positive therapeutic effect on periorbital syringomas.The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters. (Source: Dermatologic Surgery)

[Non-surgical treatment of skin carcinomas and their precursors.]

Presse Medicale — Wed, 16 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Lourari S, Paul C, Meyer N The skin carcinomas are the most common skin cancers and adult cancers. Risk factors for skin cancer are known. Surgery is the treatment of choice for skin carcinomas. There are several alternative therapies for the treatment of skin cancer and precancerous lesions: radiotherapy, cryosurgery, curettage, electrocautery, photodynamic therapy, topical imiquimod, and topical 5-fluorouracil. The management of skin cancer and precancerous lesions has been the subject of recommendations for good practice in diagnosis and therapy. PMID: 21419589 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Presse Medicale)

Cryoimmunology for malignant bone and soft-tissue tumors

International Journal of Clinical Oncology — Fri, 11 Mar 2011 18:10:28 +0100

In this report, we describe the induction of a systemic antitumor immune response following liquid nitrogen cryotreatment of a destructive murine osteosarcoma. Combining tumor cryotreatment with DCs to promote tumor-specific immune responses enhanced systemic immune responses and inhibited metastatic tumor growth. We also describe the induction of a systemic antitumor immune response following reconstruction for malignant bone tumors using frozen autografts treated with liquid nitrogen. Content Type Journal ArticlePages 1-9DOI 10.1007/s10147-011-0218-2Authors Hideji Nishida, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-machi, Kanazawa, 920-8641 JapanNorio Yamamoto, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Me...

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Imiquimod can be combined with cryosurgery (immunocryosurgery) for locally advanced periocular basal cell carcinomas.

The British Journal of Ophthalmology — Thu, 03 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Gaitanis G, Kalogeropoulos C, Bassukas ID PMID: 21378006 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Ophthalmology)

Tumour cryoablation combined with palliative bypass surgery in the treatment of unresectable pancreatic cancer: a retrospective study of 142 patients

Postgraduate Medical Journal — Tue, 08 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Cryosurgery combined with palliative bypass surgery can be considered a safe and effective treatment for unresectable pancreatic cancer. Though this technique remains only palliative, it may be further employed to improve advanced stage pancreatic cancer. (Source: Postgraduate Medical Journal)

Cryosurgery as Adjuvant to Mohs Micrographic Surgery in the Management of Subungual Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Dermatologic Surgery — Wed, 02 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100

The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters. (Source: Dermatologic Surgery)

Tropism of herpes simplex virus type 1 to nonmelanoma skin cancers

British Journal of Dermatology — Fri, 28 Jan 2011 15:29:01 +0100

Conclusions The results indicated a specific pattern of viral tropism to skin cancer cells that are critical for maintenance of the tumour. This new experimental system should aid in the analysis of new therapeutic modalities, such as oncolytic viruses, for future treatment of these skin tumours. (Source: British Journal of Dermatology)

Sternal Metastasis of Breast Cancer: Ex Vivo Hypothermia and Reimplantation [CASE REPORTS]

The Annals of Thoracic Surgery — Thu, 20 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Breast cancer frequently metastasizes to the bone. When the sternum is involved, it usually presents as a solitary lesion. In such cases, resection is indicated, including with the intention to cure. This case report describes a technique for a complete exeresis of the sternum, ex vivo repair under hypothermia, and reimplantation. Cryosurgery is a well-known technique to resect bone metastases and was the procedure used in our patient. The follow-up after 2 years shows no evidence of tumor recurrence, with excellent results on aesthetic levels. (Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery)

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Cellular immunologic response to primary cryoablation of c6 gliomas in rats.

Technology in Cancer Research and Treatment — Sun, 16 Jan 2011 05:15:06 +0100

Authors: Li M, Liu J, Zhang S, Zhou Y, Guo Y, Chen Q, Ke Y, Jiang XD, Cai YQ The immunological consequences of cryoablation for gliomas are largely unknown. cryoablation is an attractive therapeutic option for tumors due to its minimally invasive nature. cryoablation is also potentially immunogenic. With an aim to explore changes in cellullar immunity following argon-helium cryosurgery, we established Wistar rat models bearing subcutaneous C6 glioma and divided the rats into the normal control (30 rats), sham-operated (33 rats), surgical resection (30 rats), and cryosurgery (33 rats) groups with corresponding treatments. The tumor cell morphology was observed, and changes in the T lymphocyte subset and NK lymphocyte subset and the ratio of Th1/Th2 were assessed with flow cytometry foll...

Ligation Versus Bipolar Diathermy for Hemostasis in Tonsillectomy: A Comparative Study

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery — Thu, 13 Jan 2011 07:08:14 +0100

Abstract Tonsillectomy despite being less performed nowadays still is a very common surgery performed by ENT surgeons. The use of various modalities like bipolar diathermy, laser, cryosurgery, radiofrequency and ionic coblation for hemostasis in tonsillectomy remains controversial so far. A thorough scan of literature comparing the ligation with diathermy has been presented. In this prospective study, we analysed 50 patients undergoing tonsillectomy by dissection method. Right sided tonsillectomies act as study group (bipolar diathermy used) and left sided tonsillectomies as the control group (ligation for hemostasis used). The aim of our study is to compare the amount of blood loss, number of ligatures applied, average time taken and incidence of postoperative haemorrhage...

Use of 1,25α dihydroxyvitamin D3 as a cryosensitizing agent in a murine prostate cancer model

Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases — Tue, 11 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Use of 1,25α dihydroxyvitamin D3 as a cryosensitizing agent in a murine prostate cancer model Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases advance online publication, January 11, 2011. doi:10.1038/pcan.2010.52 Authors: K L Santucci, K K Snyder, J M Baust, R G Van Buskirk, V Mouraviev, T J Polascik, A A Gage & J G Baust (Source: Prostate Cancer and Prostatic Diseases)

660 AsGaAl Laser to Alleviate Pain Caused by Cryosurgical Treatment of Oral Leukoplakia: A Preliminary Study

Photomedicine and Laser Surgery — Sun, 09 Jan 2011 20:53:47 +0100

Photomedicine and Laser Surgery , Vol. 0, No. 0. (Source: Photomedicine and Laser Surgery)

Standard guidelines of care: Keloids and hypertrophic scars

Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology — Thu, 06 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100

Somesh Gupta, VK SharmaIndian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology 2011 77(1):94-100Keloids and hypertrophic scars (HTS) are the result of overgrowth of fibrous tissue, following healing of a cutaneous injury, and cause morbidity. There are several treatment modalities which are useful for the management of keloids, though no single modality is completely effective. The most commonly used modalities are pressure, silicone gel sheet, intralesional steroids, 5-fluorouracil (5 FU), cryotherapy, surgical excision, and lasers. They may be used either singly or, as is done more commonly, in combinations. Any qualified dermatologist who has attained postgraduate qualification in dermatology can treat keloids and HTS. Some procedures, such as cryosurgery and surgical excision, may re...

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Medical and Economic Interest of the Use of Cryosurgery in the Instrumental Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation

Karger Publishers — Sun, 19 Dec 2010 14:50:47 +0100

Pharmacology 2011;87:28–35 (DOI:10.1159/000322524) (Source: Karger Publishers)

Keloid histopathology after intralesional cryosurgery treatment

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology — Thu, 25 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions Intralesional cryosurgery resulted in major changes in collagen structure and organization. The treatment reduced the number of proliferating cells, of myofibroblasts and of mast cells. These results may explain the reduction in no‐response rate and the amelioration of the clinical symptoms after intralesional cryosurgery treatment. (Source: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology)

Giant verrucous penile tumor

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology — Sat, 20 Nov 2010 05:18:20 +0100

A 64-year-old retired restaurant worker was evaluated for a slow-growing penile neoplasm of 2 years' duration. He claimed to have tested negative for HIV 6 months earlier. This married heterosexual was originally from South America. On examination, he was an uncircumcised man with a massive warty tumor (). It was debulked by urology. The initial skin biopsy specimen showed no evidence of malignancy. Immunohistochemical stains for herpes simplex virus (HSV) were positive for HSV types I and II. Gomori methenamine silver, acid fast, and Warthin–Starry stains were negative. The tumor persisted despite the use of cryosurgery, imiquimod, and oral acyclovir. (Source: Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology)

Treatment of metastatic bone lesions in the upper extremity: indications for surgery.

Orthopedics — Sat, 13 Nov 2010 14:30:10 +0100

This article describes our experience with the treatment of metastatic bone disease of the upper extremity and our attempt to clarify the indications for different surgical procedures. Of 53 patients with metastatic lesions to the upper extremity, 20 who had been surgically treated were analyzed retrospectively. These comprised 13 men and 7 women with a mean patient age of 62 years. The most common primary tumors to metastasize were lung and liver, with the humerus involved in 12 cases and the scapula and forearm in 4 cases each. Four patients with scapula and forearm involvement underwent tumor resection due to uncontrollable tumor size, while 3 were successfully treated by selective arterial embolization. Three metastases to the humeral head were reconstructed with endoprosthesis, but fu...

Liquid Nitrogen: Temperature Control in the Treatment of Actinic Keratosis

Dermatologic Surgery — Thu, 11 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION Cryotherapy with an integrated sensor for temperature control is an effective, safe, and precise treatment, allowing for a 100% short‐term cure rate of AKs.The Cryotracker used in this study was given to the authors by the Brymill Company. (Source: Dermatologic Surgery)

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Editorial Comment

Urology — Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100

The current study has attempted to use an algorithm, based on both prostate biopsy and capromab pendetide scanning (CPS), to enhance clinical decision making for patients with PSA relapse after radiation therapy. Assuming that approximately 30% of radiation therapy candidates for presumed localized disease will ultimately develop biochemical relapse, regardless of the most current American Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology (ASTRO) definition, the clinician must assist the patient in deciding upon available options. Should the clinician proceed forward with salvage therapy (cryosurgical ablation, salvage prostatectomy, salvage radiation), or otherwise consider continued surveillance or systemic therapy, eg, some form of androgen deprivation? The authors can be congratulated for...

Laser-Assisted Cryosurgery in ex vivo Mice Hepatic Tissue: Viability Assays Using Green Fluorescent Protein.

Annals of Biomedical Engineering — Wed, 20 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Martínez-Suástegui L, Duperray B, Godinez F, Guillén G, Slade A, Aguilar G An experimental investigation is carried out to develop a novel approach to cryosurgery, where laser heating counteracts tissue freezing to better confine damage to the targeted cancerous tissue within a lethal low-temperature isothermal boundary-an approach we refer to as laser-assisted cryosurgery (LAC). The advantage of this procedure relative to conventional cryosurgery assisted with urethral warmers or cryoheaters is that laser heating provides volumetric rather than superficial heating, which leads to deeper penetration, more homogeneous tissue protection and better demarcation of the destructive freezing effect to a well-defined targeted volume. Tissue viability assays are performed using gree...

Features of Grade 3 Giant Cell Tumors of the Distal Radius Associated With Successful Intralesional Treatment

The Journal of Hand Surgery — Mon, 11 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Tumor volume measured with magnetic resonance imaging and anatomically defined limits of soft tissue extension may help identify grade 3 lesions that can be treated with with CCC with an acceptable rate of local recurrence. We propose subclassification of Campanacci grade 3 lesions. Under this classification, tumors with extension assessed by preoperative imaging and confirmed by intraoperatively to be limited to a single site of palmar cortical perforation are classified as grade 3(p), where (p) denotes a single site bound by the pronator quadratus.Type of study/level of evidence: Therapeutic IV. (Source: The Journal of Hand Surgery)

Pre-Conditioning Cryosurgery: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms and Dynamics of TNF-α Enhanced Cryotherapy in an in vivo Prostate Cancer Model System.

Cryobiology — Fri, 08 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Jiang J, Goel R, Schmechel S, Vercellotti G, Forster C, Bischof J Cryosurgery is increasingly being used to treat prostate cancer; however, a major limitation is local recurrence of disease within the previously frozen tissue. We have recently demonstrated that tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), given 4 hours prior to cryosurgery can yield complete destruction of prostate cancer within a cryosurgical iceball. The present work continues the investigation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms and dynamics of TNF-α enhancement on cryosurgery. In vivo prostate tumor (LNCaP Pro 5) was grown in a dorsal skin fold chamber (DSFC) on a male nude mouse. Intravital imaging, thermography, and post-sacrifice histology and immunohistochemistry were used to assess iceball location and...

Short and midterm results of epi and endocardial cryoablation.

Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery — Fri, 01 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Cryoablation seems to be an effective tool in the treatment of atrial fibrillation. PMID: 21030921 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery)

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[Contribution of the cryosurgery in the management of xeroderma pigmentosum].

Annales de Dermatologie et de Cenereologie — Thu, 30 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSION: Because of its simplicity, its good safety, its sparing of skin and its reliability of oncological outcome, cryosurgery is the treatment of choice for CBC in XP patients. PMID: 20932439 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annales de Dermatologie et de Cenereologie)

FDA OKs Zeltiq device for treatment of fatty areas

Modern Medicine — Mon, 20 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100

The Food and Drug Administration has cleared Zeltiq Aesthetics’ CoolSculpting, a cryosurgical device, for the noninvasive spot reduction of fat in diet-resistant areas such as “love handles,” Medscape reports. (Source: Modern Medicine)

FDA Clears Cryosurgical Device for Spot Reduction of Love Handles

Medscape Today Headlines — Wed, 15 Sep 2010 15:54:42 +0100

The FDA has cleared a cryosurgical device for the noninvasive spot reduction of fat in diet-resistant problem areas. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)

Argon Plasma Coagulation Combined with Covered Stent Placement for Management of Tracheobronchial Stenoses/occlusions as well as Esophagorespiratory Fistulas

Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer — Tue, 14 Sep 2010 05:20:35 +0100

Conclusion Utilization of APC and retrieval bifurcated CZTS placement is a simple and safe protocol for the management of airway complex stenoses involving the tracheal carina and ERF. DOI: 10.3779/j.issn.1009-3419.2010.09.11 (Source: Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer)

Predicting biopsy-proven prostate cancer recurrence following cryosurgery.

Urologic Oncology — Sun, 05 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Post-cryosurgery PSAdt does not appear to be associated with BPR risk, whereas TUPSA reduces the risk of BPR by 9% per month. This may help guide management if local failure is suspected. PMID: 20826095 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Urologic Oncology)

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Cryosurgery During Imiquimod Cream Treatment ("Immunocryosurgery") for Bowen's Disease of the Skin: A Case Series.

Acta Derm Venereol A... — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Cryosurgery During Imiquimod Cream Treatment ("Immunocryosurgery") for Bowen's Disease of the Skin: A Case Series. Acta Derm Venereol. 2010 Sep;90(5):533-534 Authors: Gaitanis G, Mitsou G, Tsiouri G, Alexis I, Bassukas ID Abstract is missing (Letter). PMID: 20814639 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Acta Derm Venereol A...)

An evaluation of patient selection criteria on predicting progression-free survival after primary focal unilateral nerve-sparing cryoablation for prostate cancer: recommendations for follow up.

Cancer Journal — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Focal cryotherapy is a promising option for carefully selected patients, although optimization of inclusion criteria is required. Current selection criteria are associated with cancer-free survival. Given no accurate definitions for biochemical failure after focal cryotherapy exist combined with our high biochemical failure rate, mandating 12-month follow-up TRUS biopsy may improve accurate detection of cancer progression. Further follow up will determine optimal patient selection criteria and follow-up protocols for patients undergoing primary focal unilateral nerve-sparing prostate cancer treatment. PMID: 20890154 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Cancer Journal)

Proton-beam therapy for prostate cancer.

Cancer Journal — Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Kagan AR, Schulz RJ The treatment options for prostate cancer include prostatectomy, external-beam irradiation, brachytherapy, cryosurgery, focused ultrasound, hormonal therapy, watchful waiting, and various combinations of these modalities. Because the prostate abuts the bladder and rectum, the dose distributions of external-beam irradiations and the accuracy of their placement play crucial roles in the probability of tumor cure and the incidence of posttreatment complications. Principal among the newer radiation technologies is proton-beam therapy (PBT), whose dose distributions make it possible to deliver higher tumor doses and smaller doses to surrounding normal tissues than from x-ray systems. However, as the 10-year cause-specific survival for early-stage disease treated...

This Month in Adult Urology

The Journal of Urology — Thu, 19 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Percutaneous procedures to treat renal masses are rapidly becoming accepted therapy. A limitation has been the lack of long-term followup to determine whether this approach is curative or has an acceptable recurrence rate. Atwell et al (page 1291) from Rochester, Minnesota provide a mean 2-year followup for 93 tumors treated with percutaneous renal cryoablation. Of 83 tumors with followup longer than 3 months only 1 local tumor progressed. Overall local control was achieved in 86 of 91 (95%) patients or 88 of 93 (95%) tumors, although 14 were oncocytomas. Recurrence tended to develop early. Two of these procedures were palliative in patients with metastatic disease. Overall mortality in this group unrelated to the procedure was 15% due to the selection bias for high risk patients. Thus, it...

The biochemical efficacy of primary cryoablation combined with prolonged total androgen suppression compared with radiotherapy on high-risk prostate cancer: a 3-year pilot study.

Asian Journal of Andrology — Sun, 15 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ko YH, Kang SH, Park YJ, Park HS, Moon DG, Lee JG, Yoon DK, Kim JJ, Cheon J To gain beneficial effects in the management of high-risk prostate cancer, an integrated approach that combines local therapy and androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) was used. We compared biochemical responses between primary cryosurgical ablation of the prostate (CSAP) combined with prolonged ADT and radiation combined with ADT, which is the established modality in high-risk disease. A total of 33 high-risk patients received CSAP combined with ADT for 3 months before and up to 24 months after treatment. This patient group was matched with another 33 patients who had undergone three-dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3D-CRT) with the same protocol for ADT. Biochemical recurrence (BCR) was assessed...

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Simultaneous laser depilation and perforator-based fasciocutaneous limberg flap for pilonidal sinus reconstruction

Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery — Sun, 15 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Pilonidal sinus disease is most commonly observed in adolescent males with excessive amounts of body hair and with deep intergluteal sulci. Two prevailing pathogenic theories exist – that of congenitally trapped hair shafts leading to infection, or an acquired disease in which a foreign body reaction is generated by hairs penetrating into the deep presacral sulcus leading to chronic infection and partial epithelisation of the tract. Pilonidal sinus can be difficult to treat and its tendency for recurrence can be the source of morbidity. Various methods previously published in the literature include abscess drainage, alcohol injection, cryosurgery, marsupialisation, sinotomy, excision and open dressing or primary closure and various soft tissue flaps (such as the Z-plasty, Karydakis flap,...

Developing Biothermal Technologies

Health News from Medical News Today — Sun, 08 Aug 2010 08:00:00 +0100

Carnegie Mellon University's Yoed Rabin has received three grants totaling $1.26 million from the National Institutes of Health (NIH) to develop biothermal technology for low temperature applications ranging from cryopreservation to cryosurgery. Cryopreservation is the preservation of tissues and organs at very low temperatures with potential benefit to transplantation and regenerative medicine, whereas cryosurgery is the controlled destruction of undesired tissues by freezing, such as cancerous tumors... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Carnegie Mellon's Yoed Rabin receives grants

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Thu, 05 Aug 2010 04:00:00 +0100

(Carnegie Mellon University) Carnegie Mellon's Yoed Rabin has received three grants totaling $1.26 million from the National Institutes of Health to develop biothermal technology for low temperature applications ranging from cryopreservation to cryosurgery. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

Therapeutic management of skin hemangiomas in children

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia — Sat, 31 Jul 2010 05:31:36 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The data obtained in this study were in agreement with results in the literature with respect to gender and the site of the lesions. The incidence of hemangiomas present at birth was higher than rates published in the literature. The therapeutical results obtained were comparable with data from other published studies. Identification of hemangiomas that require treatment, as well as the right moment for intervention and the best therapeutic option for each case, are factors that need to be taken into consideration. (Source: Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia)

Imaging and Pathological Features of Percutaneous Cryosurgery on Normal Lung Evaluated in a Porcine Model

Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer — Tue, 13 Jul 2010 05:13:23 +0100

Conclusion Percutaneous cryoablation of the lung can achieve complete ablation of target tissue. The freezing technique may be different depending on the individual circumstances of each tumor. In technology, 3 freeze-thaw cycles are recommended, and the range of cryoablation’s effective diameter may be not necessarily beyond the tumor edge at least 1 cm safe border during cryosurgery. (Source: Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer)

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Curettage and Cryosurgery for Low-grade Cartilage Tumors Is Associated with Low Recurrence and High Function.

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research — Wed, 23 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: Our observations show curettage with cryosurgery is associated with low recurrence of Grade 1 chondrosarcoma and high functional scores. Curettage with cryosurgery is a reasonable alternative to wide or radical excision as the treatment for Grade 1 chondrosarcomas, and allows for more radical surgery in the event of local recurrence. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, therapeutic study. See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence. PMID: 20574801 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research)

Latest updates to the CRD databases

Fri, 04 Jun 2010 13:16:55 +0100

The following resources were added to the databases from the Centre for Reviews and Dissemination during the last update: Added to DARE (these records are structured abstracts for published systematic reviews and meta-analyses): Biofeedback therapy in fecal incontinence and constipation Chiropractic spinal manipulation for infant colic: a systematic review of randomised clinical trials Diagnostic testing for celiac disease among patients with abdominal symptoms: a systematic review High-dose vs non-high-dose proton pump inhibitors after endoscopic treatment in patients with bleeding peptic ulcer: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials Meta-analysis of endoscopic submucosal dissection versus endoscopic mucosal resection for tumors of the gastrointestinal tract...

Active Hydrodissection Might Optimize Cryosurgical Ablation of the Prostate

Urology — Thu, 03 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: This technique appears to hold great promise and should be investigated further in a larger group of patients with longer follow-up. (Source: Urology)

Role of MRI in Follow-Up After Focal Therapy for Prostate Carcinoma

American Journal of Roentgenology — Thu, 20 May 2010 18:02:37 +0100

CONCLUSION. The use of functional MRI techniques such as MR spectroscopy, diffusion-weighted imaging, and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI has shown promise in increasing overall imaging performance in the detection of local recurrence. (Source: American Journal of Roentgenology)

Metabolic and clinical assessment of efficacy of cryoablation therapy on skeletal masses by 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and visual analogue scale (VAS): initial experience

Skeletal Radiology — Wed, 19 May 2010 11:18:01 +0100

Abstract Various therapy modalities have been proposed as standard treatments in management of bone metastases. Radiation therapy remains the standard of care for patients with localized bone pain, but up to 30% of them do not experience notable pain relief. Percutaneous cryoablation is a minimally invasive technique that induces necrosis by alternately freezing and thawing a target tissue. This technique is successfully used to treat a variety of malignant and benign diseases in different sites. 18F-FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18F-FDG PET/CT) is a single technique of imaging that provides in a “single step” both morphological and metabolic features of neoplastic lesions of the bone. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the cryo...

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Complications of Renal Cryoablation: A Single Center Experience

The Journal of Urology — Sun, 16 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

We describe perioperative complications associated with renal cryoablation and identify potential risk factors for certain complications.Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients with unifocal renal masses treated with cryosurgery at a single center between 1997 and 2007. All complications associated with these procedures were documented and classified into grades 1 to 5 by the Clavien surgical complication classification. In-depth analysis was done to identify potential risk factors for the most common complications.Results: We evaluated 101 percutaneous, 52 laparoscopic and 9 open procedures. Complications were noted in 38 procedures (23.5%), including grades 1 to 4 in 19 (11.7%), 8 (4.9%), 5 (3.1%) and 6 (3.7%), respectively, as the severest comp...

Propranolol for infantile haemangiomas - insights into the molecular mechanisms of action.

The British Journal of Dermatology — Fri, 07 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Storch CH, Hoeger PH Abstract Infantile haemangiomas (IH) are the most common benign tumours of infancy. Although most IH are innocuous and 85-90% regress spontaneously, some may become life- or function-threatening and require immediate treatment. Previous standard therapeutic options include physical measures (laser surgery, cryosurgery) and systemic corticosteroids, in severe cases also vincristine, alpha-interferon or cyclophosphamide, all bearing the risk of serious side effects. Oral propranolol is a very recent therapeutic option for complicated IH with impressive efficacy and generally good tolerance. The effects of propranolol on IH were discovered by chance, and very little is known about its mechanisms of action in IH. Here we present a summary of current knowledge ...

OraSure Announces 2010 First Quarter Financial Results

Medical News (via PRIMEZONE) — Wed, 05 May 2010 20:00:00 +0100

BETHLEHEM, Pa., May 5, 2010 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- OraSure Technologies, Inc. (Nasdaq:OSUR), a market leader in oral fluid diagnostics, today announced revenues of $17.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2010, compared to $17.3 million recorded for the three months ended March 31, 2009. Increased sales of cryosurgical systems products and higher licensing and product development revenues were partially offset by lower revenues from the Company's infectious disease testing and insurance risk assessment businesses. Revenues in the current quarter include a $1.0 million milestone payment that was received under the terms of a collaboration agreement for the development and promotion of the Company's OraQuick(r) rapid HCV test. (Source: Medical News (via PRIMEZONE))

Capromab Pendetide Scanning Has a Potential Role in Optimizing Patient Selection for Salvage Cryosurgical Ablation of the Prostate

Urology — Thu, 29 Apr 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Using our algorithm with CPS and prostate biopsy enabled us to spare some low-risk patients the undue morbidity of local salvage procedures that are likely to fail, while offering selected high-risk patients the opportunity for cure, avoiding premature ADT. Low presalvage PSA seems to be correlated with successful outcomes. (Source: Urology)

Late recurrence of giant cell tumour of bone after curettage and adjuvant treatment: a case report.

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery — Wed, 31 Mar 2010 23:00:00 +0100

We report a rare case of late recurrence of a giant cell tumour (GCT) of bone 16 years after curettage and cryosurgery treatment. A 46-year-old man presented with swelling and progressively worsening pain in the lateral aspect of his right distal femur. He had undergone 4 procedures elsewhere to manage a GCT of bone and its recurrence 16 to 23 years previously. He underwent en bloc resection with an adequate wide margin and reconstruction with prosthesis. At the one-year follow-up, there was no evidence of recurrence or metastasis. PMID: 20427851 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery)

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939 selection of patients for salvage cryosurgical ablation of the prostate (csap) utilizing fused capromab pendetide scanning (cps)

European Urology Supplements — Mon, 29 Mar 2010 15:06:24 +0100

(Source: European Urology Supplements)

Mycobacterium ulcerans infections in two horses in south-eastern Australia

Australian Veterinary Journal — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Two horses were diagnosed as having Mycobacterium ulcerans infections. The first was a 21-year-old Quarterhorse-cross mare living in Mallacoota (a coastal town near the border of New South Wales and Victoria, Australia) that presented with lichenification, hair-loss and oedema on a fetlock, which subsequently ulcerated, as well as a non-healing ulcer on the wither. The second horse was a 32 year-old Standardbred gelding from Nicholson, near Bairnsdale, Victoria, that had an ulcerated lesion on its caudal thigh. Histologically, there were characteristic changes seen with M. ulcerans infections in other species, including extensive necrosis without associated granulomatous inflammation. The organisms were seen in Ziehl-Neelsen-stained smears or sections of the lesions from both horses and we...

The experimental study for efficacy and safety of pancreatic cryosurgery.

Cryobiology — Tue, 09 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Cryosurgery is a safe and effective ablative procedure for pancreatic tissue resulting in minimal complications. PMID: 20152824 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cryobiology)

Proteolytic events in cryonecrotic cell death: proteolytic activation of endonuclease p23.

Cryobiology — Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Nevena G, Melita V, Mirjana M, Svetlana D, Aleksandra U, Jelena A, Goran P Although cryosurgery is attaining increasing clinical acceptance, our understanding of the mechanisms of cryogenic cell destruction remains incomplete. While it is generally accepted that cryoinjured cells die by necrosis, the involvement of apoptosis was recently shown. Our studies of liver cell death by cryogenic temperature revealed the activation of endonuclease p23 and its de novo association with the nuclear matrix. This finding is strongly suggestive of a programmed-type of cell death process. The presumed order underlying cryonecrotic cell death is addressed here by examining the mechanism of p23 activation. To that end, nuclear proteins that were prepared from fresh liver, which is devoid of p2...

Anti-Cancer Immune Reaction Induced by Cryo-Ablation Therapy for Unresectable Advanced Liver Tumor

Journal of Surgical Research — Mon, 25 Jan 2010 16:42:15 +0100

Conclusion: It might be possible to evaluate the appearance of immune responses to cryosurgery by monitoring serum cytokine levels. (Source: Journal of Surgical Research)

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Argon-helium cryosurgery for treatment of C6 gliomas in rats and its effect on cellular immunity.

Technology in Cancer Research and Treatment — Wed, 20 Jan 2010 23:04:08 +0100

Authors: Li M, Zhang S, Zhou Y, Guo Y, Jiang X, Miao L Argon-helium cryosurgery has shown encouraging therapeutic effects on some solid tumors, but its application in the treatment of gliomas remains poorly documented. To explore the cell apoptosis at the glioma foci and the cellullar immunity changes following argon-helium cryosurgery, we established Wistar rat models bearing subcutaneous C6 glioma and divided the rats into the normal control (20 rats), sham-operated (32 rats), surgical resection (20 rats), and cryosurgery (32 rats) groups with corresponding treatments. The postoperative changes in the findings by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and tumor cell morphology were observed, and the cell apoptosis at the tumor foci was assessed with TUNEL assay. Flow cytometry was performe...

TACE with Ar-He Cryosurgery Combined Minimal Invasive Technique for the Treatment of Primary NSCLC in 139 Cases

Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer — Wed, 20 Jan 2010 05:00:00 +0100

Conclusion Minimally invasive technique is a highly successful, micro-invasive and effective method with mild complications. To non-small cell lung cancer, we can improve the middle and long term clinical effect by using the different combination of multiple minimally invasive treatments according to the patient's condition. (Source: Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer)

No Recurrences in Selected Patients after Curettage with Cryotherapy for Grade I Chondrosarcomas.

Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research — Thu, 07 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: The data confirm the appropriateness of conservative surgery for central low-grade chondrosarcomas of the proximal humerus and distal femur based on a combination of intralesional curettage and cryogenic parietal sterilization. Candidates for this approach should be chosen on the basis of the affected bone site, local extension staging, and clinicopathologic grading. We recommend supplementary internal fixation. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level IV, therapeutic study. See Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence. PMID: 20054673 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research)

The effects of cryosurgery upon the pulmonary parenchyma with single or double freeze-thaw cycles in rabbits

The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology — Sat, 02 Jan 2010 16:50:13 +0100

Conclusion It is safety to cryosurgery upon pulmonary parenchyma with one or two cycles and the histological changes are similar. The diameter of cryosurgery region with two cycles was bigger than one. Content Type Journal ArticleDOI 10.1007/s10330-009-0179-3Authors Yongqun Li, Navy General Hospital Department of Respiratory Beijing 100048 ChinaHuasong Feng, Navy General Hospital Department of Respiratory Beijing 100048 ChinaYunyou Duan, Navy General Hospital Department of Respiratory Beijing 100048 China Journal The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical OncologyOnline ISSN 1613-9089Print ISSN 1610-1979 Journal Volume Volume 8 Journal Issue Volume 8, Number 12 / December, 2009 (Source: The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology)

Merkel Cell Carcinoma: Selected Clinical Cases

Current Problems in Cancer — Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

A 77-year-old white man presented to his dermatologist on 10 September, 2001, with multiple new skin lesions. His medical history includes multiple nonmelanoma skin cancers, treated with multiple modalities including cryosurgical destruction, electrodessication and curettage, Mohs Surgery, and excision. He was particularly concerned about 1 lesion on the scalp that was pruritic, with recent change in texture. The lesion was 1.0 cm in diameter, pearly, focally erythematous crusted papule without ulceration (). The preoperative diagnosis was basal cell carcinoma. Shave biopsy was performed, revealing a small cell malignancy, which was broad-spectrum cytokeratin and cytokeratin 20–positive, with perinuclear dot-like positivity on immunohistochemical staining, confirming the diagnosis of Mer...

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Computerized Tools For Cryosurgery

Cancer / Oncology News From Medical News Today — Fri, 11 Dec 2009 10:00:00 +0100

Carnegie Mellon University's Yoed Rabin and Kenji Shimada have received a four-year, $1.3 million grant from the National Cancer Institute to develop computerized training tools for cryosurgery, which is the destruction of undesired tissue, such as cancerous tumors and organs, by freezing... (Source: Cancer / Oncology News From Medical News Today)

Keloid Scarring: New Treatments Ahead.

Actas Dermo-Sifiliograficas — Tue, 01 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Authors: Mrowietz U, Seifert O Keloid disease presents a healthcare challenge: patients suffer from pruritus, pain, inflammation, and cosmetic disfigurement. There is no single effective therapeutic regimen for keloids. Numerous treatment options have been described including occlusive dressings, compression therapy, intralesional steroid injections, laser and radiation therapy, cryosurgery, 5-fluorouracil, interferon, and imiquimod cream, but managing keloid disease still is a considerable problem for clinicians. Better understanding of the molecular mechanisms behind keloid disease led to the development of new promising therapies like the application of recombinant TGF-b3, interleukin 10, and imatinib mesylate. This review provides an overview of the existing therapeutic options for...

Primary Malignant Giant-Cell Tumor of Bone Has High Survival Rate

Annals of Surgical Oncology — Tue, 10 Nov 2009 08:05:08 +0100

Conclusions We found that malignant and benign GCT have similar epidemiology and that recurrence was higher in MGCT (20 v 9%). Local recurrence for MGCT was not statistically different for excision versus intralesional therapy, but there was little statistical power. Finally, the 16% mortality for patients with MGCT suggests low-grade malignancy. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Bone and Soft Tissue SarcomasDOI 10.1245/s10434-009-0803-zAuthors Stepan V. Domovitov, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Orthopaedic Surgery Service, Department of Surgery New York USAJohn H. Healey, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Orthopaedic Surgery Service, Department of Surgery New York USA Journal Annals of Surgical OncologyOnline ISSN 1534-4681Print ISSN 1068-9265 ...

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Multiwavelength Laser Treatment of Venous Lakes

Dermatologic Surgery — Tue, 03 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

We report our experiences using a multiwavelength laser, which has not been previously described. Thirty-nine VLs in 30 patients were treated. Treatment with 595-nm pulsed-dye laser was conducted at 20 ms and 10 J/cm2, followed by 1,064-nm neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet laser at 20 ms and 70 J/cm2. Complete resolution was observed in 38 lesions (95%). No complications after treatment were noted. One case developed a small scar. Multiwavelentgh laser (595 nm; 1,064 nm) provides a safe, fast, and effective option in the treatment of VLs. The authors have indicated no significant interest with commercial supporters. (Source: Dermatologic Surgery)

Correlation of Thermocouple Data With Voiding Function After Prostate Cryoablation

Urology — Mon, 26 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Thermocouple data provide an objective means of assessing cryosurgical outcomes. This is the first report of a correlation of such data to post-treatment voiding function. A total of 37.9% of patients experienced urgency and/or frequency or urinary retention after cryoablation of the prostate for localized disease. Older age and external sphincter temperature ≤ 23°C were statistically significant predictors of these events. The data suggest that limiting the degree of freezing at the external sphincter may decrease procedure related morbidity. Further study is warranted to better delineate temperature-related data on treatment outcomes. (Source: Urology)

Sexually transmitted papillomavirus infections: epidemiology pathogenesis, clinic, morphology, important differential diagnostic aspects, current diagnostic and treatment options

Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia — Fri, 23 Oct 2009 12:59:34 +0100

The family of human papilloma viruses (HPV) comprises more than 100 genotypes. Approximately 30 of the genotypes are responsible for infections in the human anogenital area. A precisely defined algorithm with the goal of diagnosing and removing HPV for a prolonged or indefinite length of time, as well as to protect the patient from any malignant ransformation, does not currently exist. The identification of HPV strains by PCR or DNA hybridization in lesional tissue provides higher security for the patients. In high-risk patients additional colposcopy, rectoscopy, and rethroscopy/cystoscopy increase the probability of proper diagnosis and the application of a reliable therapeutic strategy. Removal of lesions by means of invasive methods, such as electrodessication, cryosurgery, and/or laser...

Experimental Cryosurgery Investigations In Vivo.

Cryobiology — Sun, 11 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Gage AA, Baust JM, Baust JG Cryosurgery is the use of freezing temperatures to elicit an ablative response in a targeted tissue. This review provides a global overview of experimentation in vivo which has been the basis of advancement of this widely applied therapeutic option. The cellular and tissue-related events that underlie the mechanisms of destruction, including direct cell injury (cryolysis), vascular stasis, apoptosis and necrosis, are described and are related to the optimal methods of technique of freezing to achieve efficacious therapy. In vivo experiments with major organs, including wound healing, the putative immunological response following thawing, and the use of cryoadjunctive strategies to enhance cancer cell sensitivity to freezing, are described. PMID:...

Aneurysmal bone cyst: The role of cryosurgery as local adjuvant treatment

Journal of Surgical Oncology — Fri, 09 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100

This study is done to assess the outcome of curettage and cryosurgery as a treatment of ABC.We analyzed 80 consecutive cases of ABC treated with curettage and cryosurgery. Patients were followed minimal 24 months after surgery (average 55 months, range 24-122 months) with physical examination and radiographs. Functional outcome was evaluated using the musculoskeletal tumor society score (MSTS).The 80 patients were all treated with curettage and cryosurgery. Additional bone grafting was used in 73 patients, osteosynthesis in 12 and spondylodesis in 1 patient. Four local recurrences were found in this study, a recurrence rate of 5%. All local recurrences were treated successfully with curettage and cryosurgery again 7-33 months after the initial surgery. Postoperative one fracture, one wound...

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Laparoscopic renal cryotherapy: preliminary experience.

Actas Urologicas Espanolas — Thu, 01 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

CONCLUSIONS: This is the largest series reporting renal cryosurgery in Spain, in complex cases and with adequate follow-up. Results are encouraging and allow for considering renal cryotherapy among the minimally invasive procedures for nephron-sparing surgery. (c) 2009 AEU. Published by Elsevier España, S.L. All rights reserved. PMID: 19925758 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Actas Urologicas Espanolas)

Curettage-Cryosurgery for Scalp, Facial Skin Cancers Expedient and Well Tolerated

Medscape Medical News Headlines — Tue, 29 Sep 2009 15:56:31 +0100

No major complications, few minor complications, excellent self-estimated cosmetic result, and few recurrences make curettage-cryosurgery a highly viable treatment alternative for non-melanoma skin cancers on the face and scalp, according to a report in the September British Journal of Dermatology. Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Medical News Headlines)

Binghamton Research Group Develops New Cancer Treatment

Pharmaceutical Online News — Wed, 16 Sep 2009 06:20:00 +0100

After years of innovation and intensive research, a team of Binghamton University (BU) researchers working with Cell Preservation Services, Inc., Owego, NY has broken extraordinary new ground in the recognition of cryosurgery as a primary treatment option for prostate cancer. (Source: Pharmaceutical Online News)

Fractional Cryosurgery for Skin Cancer

Dermatologic Surgery — Mon, 31 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Cryosurgical treatment of facial skin cancers 10 mm or larger in diameter can originate retractile scars that may alter physiognomic features. To treat skin cancers 10 mm or larger in diameter on the face with a cryosurgical method that prevents retractile scars. Also, to clarify the differences between this method and Zacarian's segmental cryosurgery. Fractional cryosurgery is performed in stages. First, the center of the lesion is frozen, reducing its size, then this procedure is repeated as necessary until the tumor diameter is smaller than 10 mm, at which point the standard cryosurgical procedure is performed. Eighty-seven basal cell carcinomas (BCCs) and nine squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) of the face (65 of which were orbital or periocular) measuring between 9 and 45 mm were treated...

Measurement of the size of intracellular ice crystals in mouse oocytes using a melting point depression method and the influence of intracellular solute concentrations.

Cryobiology — Sun, 30 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

In this study, we investigated the influence of the concentration of extracellular non-permeable and permeable solutes on the melting points of the intracellular ice in mouse oocytes using cryomicroscopy. The results showed that the melting points of the intracellular ice are always lower than the extracellular ice. Based on this observation and the Gibbs-Thomson relation, we established a physical model to calculate the size of intracellular ice crystals and described its relationship with the concentrations of intracellular permeating solutes and macromolecules. This model predicts that the increased concentration of macromolecules in cells, by increasing the extracellular non-permeating solute concentration, can significantly lower the required concentration of permeable solutes for int...

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Development and Estimation of a Novel Cryoprobe Utilizing the Peltier Effect for Precise and Safe Cryosurgery.

Cryobiology — Fri, 28 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Takeda H, Maruyama S, Okajima J, Aiba S, Komiya A We have developed a novel cryoprobe for skin cryosurgery utilizing the Peltier effect. The four most important parameters for necrotizing tissue efficiently are the cooling rate, end temperature, hold time and thawing rate. In cryosurgery for small skin diseases such as flecks or early carcinoma, it is also important to control the thickness of the frozen region precisely to prevent necrotizing healthy tissue. To satisfy these exacting conditions, we have developed a novel cryoprobe to which a Peltier module was attached. The cryoprobe makes it possible to control heat transfer to skin surface precisely using a proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controller, and because it uses the Peltier effect, the cryoprobe does not need...

Lobomycosis: diagnosis and management of relapsed and multifocal lesions

Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease — Thu, 13 Aug 2009 12:31:46 +0100

We report a case of lobomycosis in the left leg of a patient that had traveled to the endemic Brazilian Amazon region. After surgical resection of the lesion, there was relapse with local dissemination of the disease and the treatment was successfully performed by oral itraconazole and cryosurgery. (Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease)

Can Sequential TACE And Cryosurgery Improve Survival Times For Patients With HCC?

Health News from Medical News Today — Thu, 13 Aug 2009 10:00:00 +0100

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)--a liver cancer--is recognized as one of the most common cancers in the world that disproportionately affects Southeast Asians and Africans. While there are therapies that possibly provide a cure, surgical removal and liver transplantation are invasive and radical options. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Guidelines for cryotherapy

Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology — Wed, 12 Aug 2009 10:19:22 +0100

Sharma Vinod K, Khandpur SujayIndian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology 2009 75(8):90-100Introduction: Cryotherapy is a controlled and targeted destruction of diseased tissue by the application of low temperatures. It is a simple, cost-effective, efficacious and esthetically acceptable modality for the treatment of various dermatoses. Indications: It is indicated in the treatment of a wide variety of skin conditions, including benign tumors, acne, pigmented lesions, viral infections, inflammatory dermatoses, infectious disorders and various pre-malignant and malignant tumors. Facility: Cryosurgery is an out patient department proce...

Sequential TACE and cryosurgery can improve survival times for patients with HCC?

EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health — Tue, 11 Aug 2009 04:00:00 +0100

(World Journal of Gastroenterology) In cases where conventional methods may not be an option, cryosurgery may improve survival times for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. This is by addressing large tumors and by reducing bleeding complications. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)

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Sequential use of transarterial chemoembolization and percutaneous cryosurgery for hepatocellular carcinoma.

World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG — Wed, 05 Aug 2009 21:54:30 +0100

CONCLUSION: Pre-cryosurgical TACE can increase the cryoablation efficacy and decrease its adverse effects, especially bleeding. Sequential TACE and cryosurgery may be the better procedure for unresectable HCC, especially for large HCC. PMID: 19653346 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: World Journal of Gastroenterology : WJG)

Local BCG injection administered to patients with flat condyloma of the cervix

International Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics — Fri, 24 Jul 2009 00:00:00 +0100

HPV infection is the most commonly diagnosed sexually transmitted viral infection . The cervical lesion is typically seen at colposcopy and is known as flat condyloma. Different treatment modalities for flat condyloma range from follow-up to local excision or destruction using the large loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP), laser vaporization, or cryosurgery. Half of all patients treated with LEEP return to the clinic at some point for either recurrence or appearance of a new lesion . In the absence of specific antiviral treatment, the ability to enhance local immunity to overcome the viral infection is worth investigating. Local injection of BCG has long been used to treat bladder cancer with an acceptable efficacy; however, it has not been adequately investigated in the field o...

Original papers Comparison of cryotherapy and photodynamic therapy in treatment of actinic keratosis

Articles of Advances in Dermatology and Allergology - TERMEDIA publishing house — Wed, 22 Jul 2009 10:28:40 +0100

Conclusions: MAL-PDT is an effective method in AK therapy, which makes it possible to achieve better cosmetic results, because it is less destructive and more selective. (Source: Articles of Advances in Dermatology and Allergology - TERMEDIA publishing house)

Reply by Authors

The Journal of Urology — Mon, 20 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100

This study represents the first of a multistep collaborative process that will result in a standardized evidence-based definition of treatment success for prostate cryoablation. The stated issues are currently being addressed in additional projects specifically designed to further our efforts in a logical progression. With continued analysis of the maturing national registry we anticipate achieving our ultimate goal in the near future. (Source: The Journal of Urology)

Cryosurgery and Impaction Subchondral Bone Graft for the Treatment of Giant Cell Tumor Around the Knee

HSS Journal — Fri, 10 Jul 2009 08:04:59 +0100

Abstract Giant cell tumors are neoplasms of mesenchymal stromal cells with varied manifestations. There is no uniform accepted treatment protocol for these tumors. Curettage, although an accepted method of treatment, carries a high local recurrence rate. Adjuvant therapies including high-speed burr debridement, cryotherapy, and phenol treatment have been advocated to reduce local recurrence. We have used these adjuvants to determine if improved cure rate with improved outcomes could be attained with regard to local tumor control and functional outcome. Twenty-eight cases of proven giant cell tumors of the distal femur and proximal tibia were included in this prospective case series. The lesions were at the upper tibia in 14 cases and the lower femur in 14 patients. The pat...

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Ultrasound for prostate cancer

NHS News Feed — Thu, 02 Jul 2009 16:06:00 +0100

“A pioneering treatment for the UK's most common male cancer is more successful than surgery or radiotherapy,” The Daily Telegraph reported. The newspaper said that new research shows that intensive ultrasound therapy is as effective as traditional treatments (surgery or radiotherapy) but that side effects are dramatically reduced. This research found reasonably favourable results from high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) treatment in 172 men with localised prostate cancer (cancer that had not spread). It also found that there were relatively low rates of urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction following treatment. At present, treatment for localised prostate cancer is normally either radical (surgery or radiotherapy) or involves ‘watchful waiting’, where the cancer is m...

Methyl Aminolevulinate-PDT for Actinic Keratoses and Superficial Nonmelanoma Skin Cancers.

Skin Therapy Letter — Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Ortiz-Policarpio B, Lui H Methyl aminolevulinate-hydrochloride cream (Metvix(R) [in Canada] and Metvixia(R) [in the US], Galderma) in combination with photodynamic therapy (PDT) provides an effective treatment option for actinic keratoses (AKs), superficial basal cell carcinoma (sBCC), and Bowen's disease (BD). Good clinical outcomes have been reported in the literature. Complete responses (CRs) in AK range from 69% to 93% at 3 months. In sBCC, reported CR rates were from 85% to 93% at 3 months and almost on par with cryosurgery at 60 months (75% vs. 74%). In BD, CR rates were 93% at 3 months and 68% at 2 years. Current evidence has shown that this noninvasive treatment is superior in terms of cosmetic outcome to other management strategies such as surgery. It also offers the ...

Treatment of giant cell tumor of long bones: clinical outcome and reconstructive strategy for lower and upper limbs.

Orthopedics — Tue, 30 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Muramatsu K, Ihara K, Taguchi T Giant cell tumor of bone is a rare and unpredictable lesion. Standard treatment ranges from surgical curettage to wide resection, with reports of varying oncological and functional results. Twenty-three consecutive cases of giant cell tumor of long bones were treated in 10 years. Fifteen men and 8 women had a mean age of 38 years (range, 17-82 years). Average follow-up was 45 months (range, 12-180 months). The most common tumor sites were the proximal tibia (10 cases), distal femur (8), and distal radius (3). All patients remained free of recurrence at the time of final follow-up. Functional outcomes as evaluated by the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society measure were successful, with an average score of 26.6 points (range, 22-30 points). To avoid loc...

Long-term follow-up of photodynamic therapy with a self-adhesive 5-aminolaevulinic acid patch: 12 months data

British Journal of Dermatology — Mon, 29 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusion Twelve months after a single 5-ALA patch-PDT the majority of lesions were still cleared with an excellent cosmetic outcome. 5-ALA patch-PDT proved to be superior to cryosurgery in the noninferiority study setting. (Source: British Journal of Dermatology)

Assessment of cryotherapy for the treatment of verrucous epidermal naevi.

Acta Derm Venereol A... — Sat, 27 Jun 2009 15:28:03 +0100

We present here our experience with cryosurgery in the treatment of verrucous epidermal naevi. The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy and safety of cryosurgery for the treatment of epidermal naevi. Nine patients with verrucous epidermal naevi and two with extensive unilateral epidermal naevus were treated with cryosurgery. Two cycles of open spray technique were used, 10-15 sec each, depending on the size and extent of the naevus. Ten patients had their naevi treated successfully in 2-5 sessions with two cycles of therapy, and the cosmetic result was excellent with no scarring. One patient showed a relapse within 8 months after the treatment. One patient with phototype IV developed hypochromic scarring, but repigmentation occurred after 6 months. Postoperative healing time was...

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Immunocryosurgery for basal cell carcinoma: results of a pilot, prospective, open-label study of cryosurgery during continued imiquimod application

Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology — Wed, 24 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions 'Immunocryosurgery' is a promising non-surgical combination modality to treat 'high-risk-for-recurrence BCCs'. Initial evidence is suggestive of an at least additive effect of the two combined modalities. Further studies comparing immunocryosurgery directly with cryosurgery and imiquimod monotherapies will confirm the reported results. None declared. (Source: Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology)

This Month in Adult Urology

The Journal of Urology — Wed, 17 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100

An estimated 50,000 men a year in the United States will have prostate specific antigen (PSA) recurrence after either initial radical prostatectomy or radiation therapy. If no further treatment is given, nearly three-quarters of these men will have clinical evidence of recurrent prostate cancer within 5 years of biochemical failure. Many reports document the efficacy and potential complications of local salvage therapies, including salvage radical prostatectomy vs cryotherapy. Pisters et al (page 517) accumulated a series of patients from several institutions who underwent either salvage prostatectomy or cryosurgery. Their retrospective review revealed that salvage prostatectomy resulted in superior biochemical disease-free survival by 2 separate definitions and superior overall survival. ...

Do physical forces contribute to cryodamage?

Biotechnology and Bioengineering — Wed, 03 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100

To achieve the ultimate goal of both cryosurgery and cryopreservation, a thorough understanding of the processes responsible for cell and tissue damage is desired. The general belief is that cells are damaged primarily due to osmotic effects at slow cooling rates and intracellular ice formation at high cooling rates, together termed the "two factor theory." The present study deals with a third, largely ignored component - mechanical damage. Using pooled bull sperm cells as a model and directional freezing in large volumes, samples were frozen in the presence or absence of glass balls of three different diameters: 70-110, 250-500, and 1,000-1,250 µm, as a means of altering the surface area with which the cells come in contact. Post-thaw evaluation included motility at 0 h and after 3 h at ...

Editorial Comment

Urology — Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100

In an era of evolving technology, one must accept that surgical procedures, even those considered to be rock-solid basic standards of urology, will be challenged and shattered. We have observed this regarding transurethral resection of the prostate for several years. Is it now transurethral resection of bladder tumors? Transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder treated with cryosurgery? (Source: Urology)

Percutaneous Tumor Ablation: Microencapsulated Echo-guided Interstitial Chemotherapy Combined with Cryosurgery Increases Necrosis in Prostate Cancer.

Technology in Cancer Research and Treatment — Sun, 31 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100

This study aimed at confirming the increased growth inhibition (GI) of human prostate tumors produced by a intentionally palliative combination treatment of cryochemotherapy, i.e., partial cryoablation (CA) followed by intratumor partial chemotherapy with injection of microencapsulated 5-fluorouracil (MCC/5FU) at the ice ball (IB) periphery. We report the local effectiveness of cryochemotherapy compared to chemotherapy only with using multiple injections of MCC/5FU spaced out to maximize cumulative effect of sustained release of 5-fluorouracil (5FU) during a 21-day period. Prostate bioluminescent tumor cells - DU145 Luc+ - were implanted sub-cutaneously and bilaterally in each flank of nude mice. Tumors were treated with: (i) cryoablation alone (CA), causing necrosis in approximately 45% o...

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Emergent Group Inc. Strengthens New York Market Presence With Acquisition of Physician Partnership

Medical News (via PRIMEZONE) — Wed, 27 May 2009 12:00:00 +0100

SUN VALLEY, Calif., May 27, 2009 (GLOBE NEWSWIRE) -- Emergent Group Inc. (NYSE Amex Equities:LZR), a leading provider of mobile medical lasers and surgical equipment, today announced that it has strengthened its presence in the New York market with the acquisition of New York Cryosurgery Equipment, LLC, a physician partnership specializing in rentals of cryosurgery equipment. (Source: Medical News (via PRIMEZONE))

Prospective follow-up after curettage–cryosurgery for scalp and face skin cancers

British Journal of Dermatology — Mon, 25 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions CCS in the treatment of NMSCs is expedient and well tolerated, with no major and few minor complications. When performed as in the present study it produces good cosmetic results in virtually all cases, with an anticipated 97% cure rate after 14 years. CCS is thus a highly viable alternative in the treatment of NMSCs in the face and on the scalp. (Source: British Journal of Dermatology)

Cryosurgery Combined with Radioactive Seeds and Release-controlled Chemical Drugs Implantation for the Treatment of Lung Carcinoma

Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer — Wed, 20 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Conclusion Cryosurgery is a rapid modality for the debulking of pulmoanry tumor and concurrent therapy of radioactive seeds and release-controlled drugs implantation could effectively treat the remaining tumor. It is a rapid and effective method for the treatment of advanced stage lung cancer. (Source: Chinese Journal of Lung Cancer)

Combination of cryosurgery and topical imiquimod: Does timing matter for successful immunocryosurgery?

Cryobiology — Tue, 05 May 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Authors: Bassukas ID, Gaitanis G PMID: 19426725 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Cryobiology)

Cryosurgery—its development and future

International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery — Fri, 01 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100

Therapeutic use of cold temperature has existed for a long time in the medical setting, first and foremost for its anaesthetising effects. A review of the history of cryosurgery shows that it has progressed in leaps, and that each leap has usually been triggered by immediately preceding technologic innovations. The fact that the application of temperatures lower than −100°C could induce cell death was supported by Schreuder's investigations. Today, the major aim of cryosurgery is destruction of diseased tissue, such as benign and malignant neoplasms, by application of exceedingly low temperature. Over the past 4 decades, it has become an important, widely used, and increasingly indispensable method of treatment, providing excellent results that are equivalent, and often superior, to tho...

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A breakthrough in cryosurgery

Surgical Endoscopy — Fri, 24 Apr 2009 06:59:49 +0100

Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Case reports: Online FirstDOI 10.1007/s00464-001-4228-4Authors M. A. SikmaJ. L. L. M. CoenenC. KloosterzielB. A. A. M. van HasseltT. J. M. Reuers Journal Surgical EndoscopyOnline ISSN 1432-2218Print ISSN 0930-2794 Journal Volume Volume 16 Journal Issue Volume 16, Number 5 / May, 2002 (Source: Surgical Endoscopy)

Focal therapy for prostate cancer: revolution or evolution?

BMC Urology - Latest articles — Thu, 23 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100

The face of prostate cancer has been dramatically changed since the late 1980s when PSA was introduced as a clinical screening tool. More men are diagnosed with small foci of cancers instead of the advanced disease evident prior to PSA screening. Treatment options for these smaller tumors consist of expectant management, radiation therapy (brachytherapy and external beam radiotherapy) and surgery (cryosurgical ablation and radical prostatectomy). In the highly select patient, cancer specific survival employing any of these treatment options is excellent, however morbidity from these interventions are significant. Thus, the idea of treating only the cancer within the prostate and sparing the non-cancerous tissue in the prostate is quite appealing, yet controversial. Moving forward if we are...

Update on cryotherapy for localized prostate cancer

Current Urology Reports — Tue, 21 Apr 2009 04:32:48 +0100

Abstract Stage migration has led to an increased incidence of localized and low-risk prostate cancer. Intermediate-term data are emerging on the efficacy of cryotherapy, but direct comparison to other therapeutic modalities is difficult as the parameters for recurrence are not well defined. Studies using the American Society for Therapeutic Radiation and Oncology and the Phoenix (nadir plus 2) criteria for biochemical recurrence show that primary cryotherapy appears to be comparable for low-risk prostate cancer as other treatment modalities. In addition, health-related quality-of-life measures have improved with the most recent third-generation systems demonstrating low incontinence and urethrorectal fistula rates. Erectile dysfunction is high with whole gland ablation, bu...

Re: Best Practice Statement on Cryosurgery for the Treatment of Localized Prostate Cancer: R. J. Babaian, B. Donnelly, D. Bahn, J. G. Baust, M. Dineen, D. Ellis, A. Katz, L. Pisters, D. Rukstalis, K. Shinohara and J. B. Thrasher J Urol 2008; 180: 1993–2004

The Journal of Urology — Fri, 10 Apr 2009 12:12:35 +0100

I was disappointed to see the number of financial conflicts of interest regarding the authors of this article. There is a disclaimer to alert the reader that sole funding of this work was by the American Urological Association. However, 7 of the 11 authors of the article have financial interests with the industry that produces and sells the equipment used for cryotherapy. Transparency is important with publication of the Best Practice Statement. However, while all future articles and slide presentations that refer to this important statement will mention “Babaian et al,” evidence of the industry ties will be absent. This document should have been written by a majority of urologists without financial ties to the industry, so there would be no question of bias. There are many independent...

Single-port Laparoscopic Retroperitoneal Surgery: Initial Operative Experience and Comparative Outcomes

Urology — Thu, 09 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The results of our study have shown that SPLRS is feasible and offers comparable surgical outcomes and superior cosmesis and pain control compared with traditional retroperitoneoscopy. (Source: Urology)

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Hormonal blockade for salvage treatment of prostate-specific antigen only recurrent prostate cancer after interstitial high-dose-rate brachytherapy for early stage prostate cancer: long-term followup in 23 patients

Brachytherapy — Wed, 01 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100

We present our results in 23 patients treated with HB for biochemical recurrence after high-dose-rate (HDR) implant. (Source: Brachytherapy)

AtriCure's Cryoablation System, Cryo1™, Receives FDA 510(k) Clearance

Health News from Medical News Today — Mon, 30 Mar 2009 09:00:00 +0100

AtriCure, Inc. (Nasdaq: ATRC), a medical device company and a leader in surgical cardiac ablation, announced that its new innovative disposable cryoablation system, Cryo1, received 510(k) clearance from the Food and Drug Administration, or FDA, for the cryosurgical treatment of cardiac arrhythmias. Additionally, the first patient was successfully treated using the Cryo1 system by Dr. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)

Less Common Treatments

About.com Skin Cancer — Sat, 07 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100

Learn about less commonly used treatments for basal and squamous cell skin cancers such as radiation, photodynamic therapy, cryosurgery, and laser ablation therapy. (Source: About.com Skin Cancer)

Cryogurgery and Dysplasia

About.com Cancer — Sat, 07 Mar 2009 05:00:00 +0100

Learn more about cryosurgery, a method of "freezing" abnormal cervical cells in order to treat cervical dysplasia. (Source: About.com Cancer)

MedWorm: Cryosurgery

Intralesional cryosurgery for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma in an elderly patient

Histomorphometric assessment of bone necrosis produced by two cryosurgery protocols using liquid nitrogen: an experimental study on rat femurs

Characterization of Changes to the Mechanical Properties of Arteries due to Cold Storage Using Nanoindentation Tests.

An optimisation approach to multiprobe cryosurgery planning.

Acquired perforating dermatosis successfully treated with photodynamic therapy

Congenital Ranula in a Newborn: A Rare Presentation

Needs Assessment for General Dermatologic Surgery

New treatment paradigm for prostate cancer: abarelix initiation therapy for immediate testosterone suppression followed by a luteinizing hormone‐releasing hormone agonist

Reflectance confocal microscopy for the evaluation of acute epidermal wound healing

Pain evaluation in the cryosurgery of actinic keratoses

The role of cryotherapy in the management of aggressive odontogenic lesions

Cryosurgery and rhTNF-α play synergistic effects on a rat cortex C6 glioma model.

A case of de novo secondary malignant giant-cell tumor of bone with loss of heterozygosity of p53 gene that transformed within a short-term follow-up.

Interventional therapies of unresectable liver metastases

[Value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging in monitoring malignant tumor during argon-helium cryosurgery].

Vitamin D3 cryosensitization increases prostate cancer susceptibility to cryoablation via mitochondrial‐mediated apoptosis and necrosis

Complications and postoperative events after cryosurgery for prostate cancer

Prospective trial of curettage and cryosurgery in the management of non‐facial, superficial, and minimally invasive basal and squamous cell carcinoma

Clinical Analysis of Interventional Bronchoscopy for the Treatment of Malignant Obstructive Atelectasis

Skin cancer management: A practical approach

Cryosurgery for treatment of subcutaneously xenotransplanted tumors in rats and its effect on cellular immunity.

Long‐term follow‐up of metil aminolevulinate (MAL)‐PDT in difficult‐to‐treat cutaneous Bowen’s disease

EAU Guidelines on Prostate Cancer. Part II: Treatment of Advanced, Relapsing, and Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Computer simulations on multiprobe freezing of irregularly shaped tumors

Gradient Changes in Porcine Renal Arterial Vascular Anatomy and Blood Flow After Cryoablation

Multifocal Epithelioid Hemangioma with Reactive Bone Formation

Surgical Treatments for Lentigo Maligna: A Review

MRI of frozen tissue demonstrates a phase shift

The Surgical Management of Allergic Rhinitis

The concomitant cryosurgical Cox-Maze procedure using Argon Based Cryoprobes: 12 month results.

Imiquimod can be combined with cryosurgery (immunocryosurgery) for locally advanced periocular basal cell carcinomas

The Value of Cryosurgery in Treating a Case of Thoracic Chondrosarcoma

Pain evaluation and control during and following the treatment of hypertrophic scars and keloids by contact and intralesional cryosurgery – a preliminary study

Subcutaneous emphysema after cryosurgery of a lesion of the femur during femoral nerve block

Treatment of Facial Basal Cell Carcinoma: A Review

VIDEO: Non-Surgical Treatment of Kidney Cancer

Intracellular ice formation and growth in MCF-7 cancer cells.

Polar animals' antifreeze has a spiky secret

A new 5-ALA-patch for the photodynamic therapy of actinic keratoses

Cryosurgery as primary treatment for localized prostate cancer

Therapeutic options for intermediate-advanced hepatocellular carcinoma.

Cryosurgery as adjuvant therapy in cutaneous sporotrichosis.

Cryosurgical Left-sided Maze Procedure in Patients with Valvular Heart Disease: Medium-term Results.

Treatment of Syringoma Using an Ablative 10,600‐nm Carbon Dioxide Fractional Laser: A Prospective Analysis of 35 Patients

[Non-surgical treatment of skin carcinomas and their precursors.]

Cryoimmunology for malignant bone and soft-tissue tumors

Imiquimod can be combined with cryosurgery (immunocryosurgery) for locally advanced periocular basal cell carcinomas.

Tumour cryoablation combined with palliative bypass surgery in the treatment of unresectable pancreatic cancer: a retrospective study of 142 patients

Cryosurgery as Adjuvant to Mohs Micrographic Surgery in the Management of Subungual Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Tropism of herpes simplex virus type 1 to nonmelanoma skin cancers

Sternal Metastasis of Breast Cancer: Ex Vivo Hypothermia and Reimplantation [CASE REPORTS]

Cellular immunologic response to primary cryoablation of c6 gliomas in rats.

Ligation Versus Bipolar Diathermy for Hemostasis in Tonsillectomy: A Comparative Study

Use of 1,25α dihydroxyvitamin D3 as a cryosensitizing agent in a murine prostate cancer model

660 AsGaAl Laser to Alleviate Pain Caused by Cryosurgical Treatment of Oral Leukoplakia: A Preliminary Study

Standard guidelines of care: Keloids and hypertrophic scars

Medical and Economic Interest of the Use of Cryosurgery in the Instrumental Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation

Keloid histopathology after intralesional cryosurgery treatment

Giant verrucous penile tumor

Treatment of metastatic bone lesions in the upper extremity: indications for surgery.

Liquid Nitrogen: Temperature Control in the Treatment of Actinic Keratosis

Editorial Comment

Laser-Assisted Cryosurgery in ex vivo Mice Hepatic Tissue: Viability Assays Using Green Fluorescent Protein.

Features of Grade 3 Giant Cell Tumors of the Distal Radius Associated With Successful Intralesional Treatment

Pre-Conditioning Cryosurgery: Cellular and Molecular Mechanisms and Dynamics of TNF-α Enhanced Cryotherapy in an in vivo Prostate Cancer Model System.

Short and midterm results of epi and endocardial cryoablation.

[Contribution of the cryosurgery in the management of xeroderma pigmentosum].

FDA OKs Zeltiq device for treatment of fatty areas

FDA Clears Cryosurgical Device for Spot Reduction of Love Handles

Argon Plasma Coagulation Combined with Covered Stent Placement for Management of Tracheobronchial Stenoses/occlusions as well as Esophagorespiratory Fistulas

Predicting biopsy-proven prostate cancer recurrence following cryosurgery.

Cryosurgery During Imiquimod Cream Treatment ("Immunocryosurgery") for Bowen's Disease of the Skin: A Case Series.

An evaluation of patient selection criteria on predicting progression-free survival after primary focal unilateral nerve-sparing cryoablation for prostate cancer: recommendations for follow up.

Proton-beam therapy for prostate cancer.

This Month in Adult Urology

The biochemical efficacy of primary cryoablation combined with prolonged total androgen suppression compared with radiotherapy on high-risk prostate cancer: a 3-year pilot study.

Simultaneous laser depilation and perforator-based fasciocutaneous limberg flap for pilonidal sinus reconstruction

Developing Biothermal Technologies

Carnegie Mellon's Yoed Rabin receives grants

Clinical Analysis of Interventional Bronchoscopy  for the Treatment of Malignant Obstructive Atelectasis