MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'AIDS Research and Therapy' source. Wed, 08 Feb 2012 18:15:34 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5649374&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F9%2F1%2F3 Background: Several lines of evidence suggest that retinoids (retinol-ROL or vitamin A, and its active metabolites, retinoic acids-RAs) play important pathogenic roles in HIV infection and combination antiretroviral therapy (cART)-related events. We previously reported that antiretrovirals alter RAs synthesis in vitro. We hypothesised that in vivo serum retinoid concentrations are affected by both cART and HIV infection. This might explain several clinical and laboratory abnormalities reported in HIV-infected patients receiving cART. Methods: The effects of optimal cART and chronic HIV on serum retinoids were firstly assessed longitudinally in 10 HIV-infected adults (group1=G1): twice while on optimal cART (first, during long-term and second, during short term cART) and twice during 2 cART... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5649374 Wed, 01 Feb 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5649374 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5626567&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22260499%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hartjen P, Frerk S, Hauber I, Matzat V, Thomssen A, Holstermann B, Hohenberg H, Schulze W, Schulze Zur Wiesch J, van Lunzen J Abstract ABSTRACT: Recently, it has been shown that human ejaculate enhances human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infectivity. Enhancement of infectivity is conceived to be mediated by amyloid filaments from peptides that are proteolytically released from prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), termed Semen-derived Enhancer of Virus Infection (SEVI). The aim of this study was to test the range of HIV-1 infectivity enhancing properties of a large number of individual semen samples (n=47) in a TZM-bl reporter cell HIV infection system. We find that semen overall increased infectivity to 156% of the control experiment without semen, albeit with great inter... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5626567 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5626567 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5610193&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F9%2F1%2F2 Recently, it has been shown that human ejaculate enhances human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) infectivity. Enhancement of infectivity is conceived to be mediated by amyloid filaments from peptides that are proteolytically released from prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), termed Semen-derived Enhancer of Virus Infection (SEVI). The aim of this study was to test the range of HIV-1 infectivity enhancing properties of a large number of individual semen samples (n=47) in a TZM-bl reporter cell HIV infection system. We find that semen overall increased infectivity to 156% of the control experiment without semen, albeit with great inter- and intraindividual variability (range -53%-363%). Using transmission electron microscopy, we provide evidence for SEVI fibrils in fresh human semen for the fir... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5610193 Thu, 19 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5610193 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5583537&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F9%2F1%2F1 Conclusions: Dietary supplement use is common among PLWH and is associated with a broad array of health information seeking behaviors. Interventions are needed to reduce the vulnerability of PLWH, particularly dietary supplement users, to medical misinformation propagated on the internet. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5583537 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5583537 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5580190&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22233928%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Dietary supplement use is common among PLWH and is associated with a broad array of health information seeking behaviors. Interventions are needed to reduce the vulnerability of PLWH, particularly dietary supplement users, to medical misinformation propagated on the internet. PMID: 22233928 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5580190 Tue, 10 Jan 2012 05:00:00 +0100 5580190 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5538567&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22141425%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The study found better adherence to HAART in Nairobi compared to previous studies in Kenya. However, this can be improved further by employing fitting strategies to improve patients' ability to fit therapy in own lifestyle and cue-dose training to impact forgetfulness. Further work to determine why patients accessing therapy from ARV clinics within walking distance from their residence did not adhere is recommended. PMID: 22141425 [PubMed - in process] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5538567 Sun, 25 Dec 2011 09:30:02 +0100 5538567 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5538566&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22185294%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Self-perceived HIV risk is poorly sensitive and moderately specific in the prediction of HIV status. There are differences in the validity of self-perceived risk of HIV across rural and urban populations. PMID: 22185294 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5538566 Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5538566 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5526314&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F44 Conclusion: Self-perceived HIV risk is poorly sensitive and moderately specific in the prediction of HIV status. There are differences in the validity of self-perceived risk of HIV across rural and urban populations. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5526314 Wed, 21 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5526314 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5477471&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F43 Conclusions: The study found better adherence to HAART in Nairobi compared to previous studies in Kenya. However, this can be improved further by employing fitting strategies to improve patients' ability to fit therapy in own lifestyle and cue-dose training to impact forgetfulness. Further work to determine why patients accessing therapy from ARV clinics within walking distance from their residence did not adhere is recommended. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5477471 Mon, 05 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5477471 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5427951&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22060823%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrated that even in resource-limited settings, the high rate of success could be expected in the cohort with good and sustainable drug adherence. Poor adherence, older age, and low baseline CD4 cell count are the predictors for unfavorable outcome of cART. PMID: 22060823 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5427951 Mon, 07 Nov 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5427951 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5388956&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F41 Conclusions: Good immunological and clinical response can be obtained in HIV-TB co-infected patients receiving rifampicin and nevirapine concomitantly despite somewhat lower nevirapine trough concentrations. This suggests that rifampicin-containing ATT may be co administered in resource limited setting with nevirapine-containing HAART regimen without substantial reduction in antiretroviral effectiveness. Larger sample sized studies and longer follow-up are required to identify populations of individuals where the reduction in nevirapine concentration may result in lower ART response or shorter response duration. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5388956 Wed, 02 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5388956 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5383301&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22047185%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Good immunological and clinical response can be obtained in HIV-TB co-infected patients receiving rifampicin and nevirapine concomitantly despite somewhat lower nevirapine trough concentrations. This suggests that rifampicin-containing ATT may be co administered in resource limited setting with nevirapine-containing HAART regimen without substantial reduction in antiretroviral effectiveness. Larger sample sized studies and longer follow-up are required to identify populations of individuals where the reduction in nevirapine concentration may result in lower ART response or shorter response duration. PMID: 22047185 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5383301 Wed, 02 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5383301 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5383302&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22026962%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Immunologic failure, as defined here, had low sensitivity compared to VF and should not be recommended to detect treatment failure. Plasma HIV-RNA should be performed twice, at weeks 24 and 48, to detect early treatment failure. PMID: 22026962 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5383302 Wed, 26 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5383302 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5349124&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F40 We examined the incidence rate of immunologic failure (IF) and virologic failure (VF) and the accuracy of using IF to predict VF in Thai HIV-infected children using first-line NNRTI-based HAART.Clinicaltrials.gov identification number NCT00476606 Methods: Antiretroviral (ART)-naive HIV-infected children from 2 prospective cohorts treated with NNRTI-based HAART during 2001-2008 were included. CD4 counts were performed every 12 weeks and plasma HIV-RNA measured every 24 weeks. Immune recovery was defined as CD4%[greater than or equal to]25%. IF was defined as persistent decline of [greater than or equal to]5% in CD4% in children with CD4%1,000 copies/ml after at least 24 weeks of HAART. Clinical and laboratory parameter changes were assessed using a paired t-test, and a time to event approac... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5349124 Wed, 26 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5349124 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5348035&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22018282%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Practical and affordable interventions are needed to enable earlier initiation of ART and to reduce mortality risk among those who present late for treatment with advanced disease. PMID: 22018282 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5348035 Sat, 22 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5348035 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5317130&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21995490%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Despite the presence of DRMs to drugs included in the current regimen in some individuals, and immune failure in three, no signs of clinical failure were seen during this study. This cohort will continue to be monitored as part of the Karonga Prevention Study so that the long-term impact of these mutations can be assessed. Documenting proviral population is also important in monitoring the emergence of drug resistance as selective pressure provided by ART compromises the current plasma population, archived viruses can re-emerge. PMID: 21995490 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5317130 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5317130 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316421&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F38 Conclusion: Despite the presence of DRMs to drugs included in the current regimen in some individuals, and immune failure in three, no signs of clinical failure were seen during this study. This cohort will continue to be monitored as part of the Karonga Prevention Study so that the long-term impact of these mutations can be assessed. Documenting proviral population is also important in monitoring the emergence of drug resistance as selective pressure provided by ART compromises the current plasma population, archived viruses can re-emerge (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316421 Thu, 13 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5316421 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5317131&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21992146%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: In a PIH-supported program in rural Haiti that addressed socioeconomic barriers to ill-health, breast milk substitution was safe, acceptable and feasible for PMTCT for HIV-infected women choosing this option. PMID: 21992146 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5317131 Wed, 12 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5317131 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5316422&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F37 Background: Partners In Health (PIH) works with the Ministry of Health to provide comprehensive health services in Haiti. Between 1994 and 2009, PIH recommended exclusive formula feeding in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV program and provided support to implement this strategy. We conducted this study to assess HIV-free survival and prevalence of diarrhea and malnutrition among infants in our PMTCT program in rural Haiti where exclusive formula feeding was supported. Methods: We reviewed medical charts of PMTCT mother-infant pairs at PIH between November 2004 and August 2006 through a retrospective longitudinal study and cross-sectional survey. We performed household surveys for each pair and at control households matched by infant's age and gender. Results: 2... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5316422 Wed, 12 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5316422 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5317132&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21978457%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Taken together, these findings suggest that chronic HIV-1-related protein expression causes liver inflammation and zinc sequestration, which in turn limits zinc bioavailability in the lung and thereby impairs alveolar macrophage phagocytic function. Importantly, dietary zinc supplementation decreases liver inflammation and zinc sequestration and restores alveolar macrophage phagocytic function in HIV-1 transgenic rats, a result with potential clinical implications for improving lung health in HIV-1-infected individuals. PMID: 21978457 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5317132 Thu, 06 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5317132 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5297785&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F36 Conclusion: Taken together, these findings suggest that chronic HIV-1-related protein expression causes liver inflammation and zinc sequestration, which in turn limits zinc bioavailability in the lung and thereby impairs alveolar macrophage phagocytic function. Importantly, dietary zinc supplementation decreases liver inflammation and zinc sequestration and restores alveolar macrophage phagocytic function in HIV-1 transgenic rats, a result with potential clinical implications for improving lung health in HIV-1-infected individuals. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5297785 Thu, 06 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5297785 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5284102&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21967708%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: The study used stringent procedures for controlling the technical variation in the CD4 counts across the sites and thus could establish the robust national reference ranges for CD4 counts and percentages. These ranges will be helpful in staging the disease progression and monitoring antiretroviral therapy in HIV infection in India. PMID: 21967708 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5284102 Mon, 03 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5284102 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5284103&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21955517%26dopt%3DAbstract We report an unusual case of HIV-related immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, presenting as suspected AIDS-related lymphoma. Symptoms, initial investigations including fine-needle biopsy and 18F-FDG PET/CT were highly compatible with high grade AIDS-related lymphoma, however subsequently IRIS was diagnosed. We discuss pitfalls in the interpretation of diagnostic results in ARL versus IRIS. PMID: 21955517 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5284103 Wed, 28 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5284103 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5284104&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21943115%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: First-line antiretroviral therapy that includes nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors is associated with pro-atherogenic adverse lipid profile in people with HIV-1 infection compared to untreated HIV-infected subjects in Yaounde. Lipid profile and other cardiovascular risk factors should be monitored in patients on such therapy so that any untoward effects of treatments can be optimally managed. PMID: 21943115 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5284104 Mon, 26 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5284104 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5261911&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F33 Conclusions: First-line antiretroviral therapy that includes nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors is associated with pro-atherogenic adverse lipid profile in people with HIV-1 infection compared to untreated HIV-infected subjects in Yaounde. Lipid profile and other cardiovascular risk factors should be monitored in patients on such therapy so that any untoward effects of treatments can be optimally managed. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5261911 Mon, 26 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5261911 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5251609&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F32 Conclusions: A systemic evidence- and consensus-based approach was used to develop quality indicators in 3 Dutch Caribbean settings. The varying results of the applicability testing accentuate the necessity of applicability testing even in, at first, comparable settings. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5251609 Thu, 22 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5251609 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5221571&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21892955%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Trends in reported ADIs among individuals receiving HAART since 1996 in BC do not appear to parallel improvements in life-expectancy over the same period. PMID: 21892955 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5221571 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5221571 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5197066&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F31 Conclusions: Trends in reported ADIs among individuals receiving HAART since 1996 in BC do not appear to parallel improvements in life-expectancy over the same period. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5197066 Sun, 04 Sep 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5197066 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5142755&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846370%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Consistent with previous reports, alcohol abuse accentuated skeletal muscle atrophy in an animal model of HIV/AIDS. While some catabolic pathways known to drive alcoholic or HIV-1-associated myopathies were also elevated in this co-morbid model (e.g., TGFbeta1), consistent expression patterns were not apparent. Thus, specific alterations to signaling mechanisms such as the induction of the myostatin/activin IIB system or reductions in growth factor signaling via CT-1- and CNTF-dependent mechanisms may play larger roles in the regulation of muscle mass in alcoholic, HIV-1 models. PMID: 21846370 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5142755 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5142755 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5133018&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F30 ${item.shortDescription} (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5133018 Mon, 15 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5133018 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111933&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21767368%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ramos AN, Matida LH, Hearst N, Heukelbach J ABSTRACT: PMID: 21767368 [PubMed - in process] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111933 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 04:45:49 +0100 5111933 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111927&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21774813%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Togun T, Peterson I, Jaffar S, Oko F, Okomo U, Peterson K, Jaye A ABSTRACT: PMID: 21774813 [PubMed - in process] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111927 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 04:45:49 +0100 5111927 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5120583&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F29 ${item.shortDescription} (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5120583 Tue, 09 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5120583 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111901&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21810224%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Combating stigma in the community, although it is essential, will take time. Therefore necessary steps towards encouraging HIV infected women to seek treatment include reducing self-stigma, assisting them to form empowering relationships and to gain financial independence and emphasising the beneficial effect of treatment for themselves and for their children by example. Furthermore ensuring a discrete location of the CTC can increase its perceived accessibility. PMID: 21810224 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111901 Mon, 01 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5111901 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5089187&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F28 ${item.shortDescription} (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5089187 Mon, 01 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5089187 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111908&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21801426%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Our results emphasize the importance of preformulation evaluations and highlight the impact of HVF on microbicide product stability and efficacy. RC-101 was stable in normal HVF for at least 48 h, indicating that it is a promising candidate for microbicide product development. However, RC-101 stability appears compromised in individuals with BV, requiring more advanced formulation strategies for stabilization in this environment. PMID: 21801426 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111908 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5111908 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5080948&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F27 ${item.shortDescription} (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5080948 Thu, 28 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5080948 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111915&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21794106%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The accuracy of therapy outcome prediction tools may be increased by including the number of previous treatments, and by considering locations in the HIV genome which increase the hazard of developing resistance mutations. PMID: 21794106 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111915 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5111915 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5070714&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F26 ${item.shortDescription} (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5070714 Tue, 26 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5070714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5111923&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21787384%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The HIV epidemic in the Republic of Georgia is closely tied to the IDU community. Evidence-based interventions targeting IDUs and partners of IDUs are urgently required to halt the spread of the HIV epidemic in the country. PMID: 21787384 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5111923 Sun, 24 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5111923 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5064374&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F25 ${item.shortDescription} (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5064374 Sun, 24 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5064374 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5040931&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F24 This study aims to determine pre-treatment mortality rate and predictors of pre-treatment mortality among ART-eligible adult patients in a West Africa clinic-based cohort. Methods: All HIV-infected patients aged 15 years or older eligible for ART between June 2004 and September 2009 were included in the analysis. Assessment for eligibility was based on the Gambia ART guideline. Survival following ART-eligibility was determined by Kaplan-Meier estimates and predictors of pre-treatment mortality determined by Cox proportional hazard models.Result: Overall, 790 patients were assessed as eligible for ART based on their clinical and/or immunological status, among whom 510 (64.6%) started treatment, 26 (3.3%) requested transfer to another health facility, 136 (17.2%) and 118 (14.9%) were lost to... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5040931 Tue, 19 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5040931 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5040932&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F23 This study is based on two representative retrospective multi-center cohorts including a total 1,859 children with AIDS, infected via mother-to-child transmission (MTCT), between 1983-2002. Opportunistic illnesses were described and analyzed over time. The association of demographic, clinical and operational data with the occurrence of opportunistic diseases was assessed. Results: In total, 1,218 (65.5%) had at least one event of an opportunistic disease. Variables significantly associated with occurrence of these events included: region of residence (OR 2.68-11.33, as compared to the Northern region), age (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5040932 Sun, 17 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5040932 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5019368&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21729332%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Late presentation of HIV is still too frequent in all transmission groups in spite of a strong commitment with HIV prevention in our city. It is necessary to develop interventions that increase HIV testing and facilitate earlier entry into HIV care. PMID: 21729332 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5019368 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5019368 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5000084&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F22 Background: Early diagnosis of HIV infection can prevent morbidity and mortality as well as reduce HIV transmission. The aim of the present study was to assess prevalence, describe trends and identify factors associated with late presentation of HIV infection in Barcelona (Spain) during the period 2001-09. Methods: Demographic and epidemiological characteristics of cases reported to the Barcelona HIV surveillance system were analysed. Late presentation was defined for individuals with a CD4 count below 350 cells/ml upon HIV diagnosis or diagnosis of AIDS within 3 months of HIV diagnosis. Multivariate logistic regression were used to identify predictors of late presentation. Results: Of the 2,938 newly diagnosed HIV-infected individuals, 2,507 (85,3%) had either a CD4 cell count or an AIDS ... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5000084 Tue, 05 Jul 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5000084 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5019369&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21708049%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the decrease in the latent HIV-1 pool observed during IVIG treatment is transient. Although not our primary objective, we found a correlation between HIV-1 RNA and CD4+ T-cell count suggesting the possibility that patients with a higher CD4+ T-cell count might harbour a larger residual pool of latently infected CD4+ T-cells. PMID: 21708049 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5019369 Mon, 27 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5019369 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4978256&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F21 Conclusions: These results indicate that the decrease in the latent HIV-1 pool observed during IVIG treatment is transient. Although not our primary objective, we found a correlation between HIV-1 RNA and CD4+ T-cell count suggesting the possibility that patients with a higher CD4+ T-cell count might harbour a larger residual pool of latently infected CD4+ T-cells. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4978256 Mon, 27 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4978256 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4971662&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21679427%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Elevated immune activation in ECs is not associated with a faster rate of CD4 decline. PMID: 21679427 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4971662 Wed, 15 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4971662 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4938921&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F20 Background: Elite controllers (EC) are a rare subset of HIV infected individuals who control viral load below 50 copies/ml of plasma without treatment. Methods: Thirty four EC were studied. The slope of CD4 count change was available for 25 of these subjects. We assessed immune activation by measuring the percent of CD38+HLA-DR+CD8+ T cells in the EC group and comparing it with that in 24 treatment-naive HIV disease progressors and 13 HIV uninfected healthy controls. Results: Compared to HIV uninfected subjects, EC had higher percentages of CD38+HLA-DR+CD8+ T cells (p (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4938921 Wed, 15 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4938921 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4923264&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21631913%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this article is to review the methods of contraception appropriate for HIV-positive adolescents with a special focus on hormonal contraceptives. Delaying the start of sexual life and the use of two methods thereafter, one of which is the male condom and the other a highly effective contraceptive method such as hormonal contraception or an intrauterine device, is currently the most effective option for those who desire simultaneous protection from both pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. Health care providers should be aware of the possible pharmacokinetic interactions between hormonal contraception and antiretrovirals. There is an urgent need for more information regarding metabolic outcomes of hormonal contraceptives, especially the effect of injectable progestin... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4923264 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4923264 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4886336&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F19 The objective of this article is to review the methods of contraception appropriate for HIV-positive adolescents with a special focus on hormonal contraceptives. Delaying the start of sexual life and the use of two methods thereafter, one of which is the male condom and the other a highly effective contraceptive method such as hormonal contraception or an intrauterine device, is currently the most effective option for those who desire simultaneous protection from both pregnancy and sexually transmitted diseases. Health care providers should be aware of the possible pharmacokinetic interactions between hormonal contraception and antiretrovirals. There is an urgent need for more information regarding metabolic outcomes of hormonal contraceptives, especially the effect of injectable progestin... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4886336 Tue, 31 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4886336 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4824319&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21453452%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Deshpande AK, Jadhav SK, Bandivdekar AH ABSTRACT: The potential risk of HIV-1 infection following human bite although epidemiologically insignificant, but it is biologically possible. There are anecdotal reports of HIV transmission by human bites particularly if saliva is mixed with blood. The oral tissues support HIV replication and may serve as a previously unrecognized HIV reservoir. The HIV infected individuals have more viruses in blood than saliva, possibly due to the potent HIV-inhibitory properties of saliva. The case presented here is of a primary HIV infections following a human bite where in the saliva was not blood stained but it got smeared on a raw nail bed of a recipient. The blood and saliva of the source and blood of the recipient showed a detectable viral loa... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4824319 Mon, 16 May 2011 00:45:06 +0100 4824319 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4832745&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F18 Conclusions: Consistent with data from pharmacokinetic studies demonstrating that EI-AED use may result in subtherapeutic levels of HAART, EI-AED use is associated with greater risk of virologic failure compared to NEI-AEDs when co-administered with HAART. Concurrent use of EI-AEDs and HAART should be avoided when possible. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4832745 Sun, 15 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4832745 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4814732&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F17 Conclusions: This pilot study of biological responses to minocycline suggests little potential for its use as adjunctive antiviral or immunomodulating therapy in chronic untreated HIV infection. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4814732 Wed, 11 May 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4814732 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4659747&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F16 The potential risk of HIV-1 infection following human bite although epidemiologically insignificant, but it is biologically possible. There are anecdotal reports of HIV transmission by human bites particularly if saliva is mixed with blood. The oral tissues support HIV replication and may serve as a previously unrecognized HIV reservoir. The HIV infected individuals have more viruses in blood than saliva, possibly due to the potent HIV-inhibitory properties of saliva. The case presented here is of a primary HIV infections following a human bite where in the saliva was not blood stained but it got smeared on a raw nail bed of a recipient. The blood and saliva of the source and blood of the recipient showed a detectable viral load with 91% sequence homology of C2-V3 region of HIV gp120 betwe... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4659747 Wed, 30 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4659747 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4668382&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21435275%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: The changes of CD8+ T cell subsets during initial ART are complex. Our results display a complete phenotypical picture of CD8+ cell subsets during initial ART and provide insights for understanding of immune status during ART. PMID: 21435275 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4668382 Fri, 25 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4668382 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4632780&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F15 Conclusion: The changes of CD8+ T cell subsets during initial ART are complex. Our results display a complete phenotypical picture of CD8+ cell subsets during initial ART and provide insights for understanding of immune status during ART. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4632780 Fri, 25 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4632780 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4607562&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21371301%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sprague C, Chersich MF, Black V ABSTRACT: PMID: 21371301 [PubMed - in process] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4607562 Fri, 18 Mar 2011 19:45:04 +0100 4607562 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4607558&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21388558%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Accurate estimates of specific drug dosages as compared to placebo are important for policy and implementation research. This study illustrates a simple method of adjusting for differences in study populations by using indirect comparisons in the absence of head-to-head HIV clinical trials. PMID: 21388558 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4607558 Thu, 10 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4607558 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4571902&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F14 Conclusions: Accurate estimates of specific drug dosages as compared to placebo are important for policy and implementation research. This study illustrates a simple method of adjusting for differences in study populations by using indirect comparisons in the absence of head-to-head HIV clinical trials. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4571902 Thu, 10 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4571902 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4607560&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21385339%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Four placebo formulations ranging from fluid to gel in aqueous and lipid formats with a range of rheological properties were developed, tested, scaled-up, manufactured under cGMP conditions and enrolled in a formal stability program. Clinical testing of these formulations as placebos will serve as the basis for further microbicide formulation development with drug-containing products. PMID: 21385339 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4607560 Mon, 07 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4607560 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4607559&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21385370%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Universal ART use may significantly reduce orphanhood in sub-Saharan Africa. PMID: 21385370 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4607559 Mon, 07 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4607559 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4555361&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F12 Conclusions: Four placebo formulations ranging from fluid to gel in aqueous and lipid formats with a range of rheological properties were developed, tested, scaled-up, manufactured under cGMP conditions and enrolled in a formal stability program. Clinical testing of these formulations as placebos will serve as the basis for further microbicide formulation development with drug-containing products. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4555361 Mon, 07 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4555361 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4555360&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F13 Conclusion: Universal ART use may significantly reduce orphanhood in sub-Saharan Africa. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4555360 Mon, 07 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4555360 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4607561&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21375746%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: The response to HIV and AIDS can only be successful if individuals adopt behaviours that will protect against infection. Currently, efforts are underway in Kenya to ensure that young people have comprehensive knowledge. As evident from the results, comprehensive HIV and AIDS knowledge has increased over the 15 year period among urban young women from 9% in 1993 to 54% in 2008/09. Despite this improvement, a lot more needs to be done to attain the target of 90% threshold set by UNGASS. While both young women and men should be targeted with education on HIV prevention, concerted efforts should be directed at young women as many continue to get infected due to low levels of comprehensive HIV knowledge. PMID: 21375746 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research a... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4607561 Fri, 04 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4607561 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4545988&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F11 Conclusion: The response to HIV and AIDS can only be successful if individuals adopt behaviours that will protect against infection. Currently, efforts are underway in Kenya to ensure that young people have comprehensive knowledge. As evident from the results, comprehensive HIV and AIDS knowledge has increased over the 15 year period among urban young women from 9% in 1993 to 54% in 2008/09. Despite this improvement, a lot more needs to be done to attain the target of 90% threshold set by UNGASS. While both young women and men should be targeted with education on HIV prevention, concerted efforts should be directed at young women as many continue to get infected due to low levels of comprehensive HIV knowledge. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4545988 Fri, 04 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4545988 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4541766&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F10 Conclusions: A single system- or individual-level delay reduced the likelihood of women accessing ART or PMTCT interventions. These delays, when concurrent, often signalled wholesale denial of prevention and treatment. There is great scope for health systems' reforms to address constraints and weaknesses within PMTCT and ART services in South Africa. Recommendations from this study include: ensuring autonomy over resources at lower levels; linking performance management to facility-wide human resources interventions; developing accountability systems; improving HIV services in labour wards; ensuring quality HIV and infant feeding counselling; and improved monitoring for performance management using robust systems for data collection and utilisation. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4541766 Thu, 03 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4541766 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4545329&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21362160%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Esposito A, Conti V, Cagliuso M, Pastori D, Fantauzzi A, Mezzaroma I ABSTRACT: In HIV-1 infected patients, increase of liver enzymes may be mainly due to viral coinfections, alcohol intake, hepatotoxic drugs or autoimmune diseases. Three cases of aminotransferase elevation occurred during a phase of uncontrolled viral replication combined with a severe immunodeficiency and resolved by an effective HAART are described, focusing on the etio-pathogenetic role possibly played by HIV-1 infection. PMID: 21362160 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4545329 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4545329 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4545330&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21356115%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: Efforts to increase early initiation of HIV/AIDS care should focuses on addressing patient's concerns such as stigma, drug side effects and disclosure. PMID: 21356115 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4545330 Mon, 28 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4545330 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4533257&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F8 Conclusion: Efforts to increase early initiation of HIV/AIDS care should focuses on addressing patient's concerns such as stigma, drug side effects and disclosure. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4533257 Mon, 28 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4533257 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4490150&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314993%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: In this analysis, the mostly used interpretation systems overestimated the L76V-mutation concerning Atazanavir- and SQV resistance. In fact, a clear benefit in drug susceptibility for these drugs was observed in phenotype analysis after establishment of L76V. More importantly, long-term therapy success was significantly higher in patients receiving Atazanavir and/or Saquinavir plus one L76V-selecting drug compared to patients without L76V-selecting agents (p=0.002). In case of L76V-occurrence ATV and/or SQV may represent encouraging options for patients in deep salvage situations. PMID: 21314993 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4490150 Sun, 13 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4490150 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4490151&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21314914%26dopt%3DAbstract We describe two patients who did not experience a viral rebound after cessation of HAART which was initiated for progressive disease. CD4 T-cell count remained stable in one patient and progressively declined in the other, despite apparent viral control. We failed to identify any immune activation or genetic markers that could offer an explanation for this unusual "secondary controller" status. But their viruses are clearly less fit compared to viruses from rebounders. PMID: 21314914 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4490151 Fri, 11 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4490151 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4461256&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F6 We describe two patients who did not experience a viral rebound after cessation of HAART which was initiated for progressive disease. CD4 T-cell count remained stable in one patient and progressively declined in the other, despite apparent viral control. We failed to identify any immune activation or genetic markers that could offer an explanation for this unusual "secondary controller" status. But their viruses are clearly less fit compared to viruses from rebounders (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4461256 Fri, 11 Feb 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4461256 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4420267&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21272358%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: This analysis validates the SF-12v2 for measuring HRQoL in adult men and women living with HIV/AIDS. PMID: 21272358 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4420267 Thu, 27 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4420267 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4407468&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F5 Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the Medical Outcomes Study-HIV Health Survey (MOS-HIV) and the SF-12v2 to determine if the latter is adequate to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of men and women living with HIV/AIDS. 112 men and women living with HIV/AIDS who access care at a tertiary HIV clinic in Hamilton, Ontario were included in this cross-sectional analysis. Correlation coefficients of the MOS-HIV physical and mental health summary scores (PHS and MHS) and the SF-12v2 physical and mental component summary scales (PCS and MCS) were calculated along with common sub-domains of the measures including physical functioning (PF), bodily pain (BP), general health perceptions (GH), vitality (VT), social functioning (SF) and mental ... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4407468 Thu, 27 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4407468 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4420268&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21269430%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The information provided by the National HIV HCW Hotline on patient-specific requests has a direct impact on the management of patients. PMID: 21269430 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4420268 Wed, 26 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4420268 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4401477&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F4 Conclusions: The information provided by the National HIV HCW Hotline on patient-specific requests has a direct impact on the management of patients. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4401477 Wed, 26 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4401477 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4420269&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21255437%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Recommendations are proposed to limit the impact of drug-induced renal disease in future SIV macaque studies. PMID: 21255437 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4420269 Fri, 21 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4420269 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4383780&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F3 Conclusions: Recommendations are proposed to limit the impact of drug-induced renal disease in future SIV macaque studies. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4383780 Fri, 21 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4383780 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4420270&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21244701%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Small but positive long-term increases in CD4+ count in virally suppressed patients were observed. CD4+ response to HAART is influenced by multiple factors including duration of preceding HIV infection, and optimized if treatment is started with virally suppressive therapy as early as possible. PMID: 21244701 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4420270 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4420270 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4363978&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F2 Background: Among HIV-infected persons initiating highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), early CD4+ lymphocyte count increases are well described. However, whether CD4+ levels continue to increase or plateau after 4-6 years is controversial. Methods: To address this question and identify other determinants of CD4+ response, we analyzed data for 1,846 persons from a prospective HIV military cohort study who initiated HAART, who had post-HAART CD4+ measurements, and for whom HIV seroconversion (SC) date was estimated. Results: CD4+ count at HAART initiation was =500 for 19%. The first 6 months post-HAART, the greatest CD4+ increases (93-151 cells) occurred, with lesser increases (22-36 cells/year) through the first four years. Although CD4+ changes for the entire cohort were relativel... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4363978 Tue, 18 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4363978 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4356966&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21226969%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: By considering the intersecting conservations of shRNA combinations we have shown that it is possible to assemble combinations of 6 and 7 highly active, highly conserved shRNAs such that there is always at least 4 shRNAs within each combination covering all currently known variants of entire HIV-1 subtypes. By extension, it may be possible to combine several combinations for complete global coverage of HIV-1 variants. PMID: 21226969 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4356966 Thu, 13 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4356966 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4339445&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F8%2F1%2F1 Conclusion: By considering the intersecting conservations of shRNA combinations we have shown that it is possible to assemble combinations of 6 and 7 highly active, highly conserved shRNAs such that there is always at least 4 shRNAs within each combination covering all currently known variants of entire HIV-1 subtypes. By extension, it may be possible to combine several combinations for complete global coverage of HIV-1 variants. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4339445 Thu, 13 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4339445 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4356967&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21190572%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: HIV infections are common among patients with appendicitis in Tanzania, and are associated with severe morbidity, postoperative complications and longer hospital stays. Early diagnosis of appendicitis and prompt appendectomy are crucial in areas with high prevalence of HIV infection. Routine pre-test counseling and HIV screening for appendicitis patients is recommended to detect early cases who may benefit from HAART. PMID: 21190572 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4356967 Wed, 29 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4356967 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4296855&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F47 Background: Appendicitis is a frequent surgical emergency worldwide. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of HIV, and the association of infection with clinical, intraoperative and histological findings and outcome, among patients with appendicitis. Methods: We performed a cross sectional study at Weill-Bugando Medical Centre in northwest Tanzania. In total, 199 patients undergoing appendectomy were included. Demographic characteristics of patients, clinical features, laboratory, intraoperative and histopathological findings, and HIV serostatus were recorded. Results: In total, 26/199 (13.1%) were HIV-seropositive. The HIV-negative population was significantly older (mean age: 38.4 years) than the HIV-positive population (25.3 years; p (Source: AIDS Research and Ther... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4296855 Wed, 29 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4296855 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4287332&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21176160%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The proportion and risk factors of IRD and the pattern of OIs mirrored reports from other countries. Close monitoring of patients during the first three months of HAART initiation is important to minimize clinical deterioration related to IRD. PMID: 21176160 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4287332 Tue, 21 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4287332 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4278726&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F46 Conclusions: The proportion and risk factors of IRD and the pattern of OIs mirrored reports from other countries. Close monitoring of patients during the first three months of HAART initiation is important to minimize clinical deterioration related to IRD. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4278726 Tue, 21 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4278726 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4287333&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21159161%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Althoff KN, Gebo KA, Gange SJ, Klein MB, Brooks JT, Hogg RS, Bosch RJ, Horberg MA, Saag MS, Kitahata MM, Eron JJ, Napravnik S, Rourke SB, Gill MJ, Rodriguez B, Sterling TR, Deeks SG, Martin JN, Jacobson LP, Kirk GD, Collier AC, Benson CA, Silverberg MJ, Goedert JJ, McKaig RG, Thorne J, Rachlis A, Moore RD, Justice AC ABSTRACT: We assessed CD4 count at initial presentation for HIV care among [greater than or equal to]50-year-olds from 1997-2007 in 13 US and Canadian clinical cohorts and compared to <50-year-olds. 44,491 HIV-infected individuals in the North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration on Research and Design (NA-ACCORD) were included in our study. Trends in mean CD4 count (measured as cells/mm3) and 95% confidence intervals ([,]) were determined using linear regression... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4287333 Wed, 15 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4287333 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4287335&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21156070%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: This online resource, which is publicly available at http://www.HIVBrainSeqDB.org, will greatly facilitate analysis of the genetic aspects of HIV macrophage tropism, HIV compartmentalization and evolution within the brain and other tissue reservoirs, and the relationship of these findings to HIV-associated neurological disorders and other clinical consequences of HIV infection. PMID: 21156070 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4287335 Tue, 14 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4287335 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4287334&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21156072%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: An unexpectedly high rate of NHL was detected among treatment-experienced patients achieving a high level of virologic response with newer-class antiretrovirals. We observed trends toward lower baseline CD4 and higher baseline VL in NHL cases, with a significantly greater decline in VL among cases by 12 weeks. HIV-related NHL can occur in the setting of immune reconstitution. Potential immunologic, virologic, and newer-class antiretroviral-specific factors associated with rapid development of NHL warrants further investigation. PMID: 21156072 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4287334 Tue, 14 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4287334 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4260689&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F43 Conclusions: This online resource, which is publicly available at http://www.HIVBrainSeqDB.org, will greatly facilitate analysis of the genetic aspects of HIV macrophage tropism, HIV compartmentalization and evolution within the brain and other tissue reservoirs, and the relationship of these findings to HIV-associated neurological disorders and other clinical consequences of HIV infection. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4260689 Tue, 14 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4260689 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4260688&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F44 Conclusions: An unexpectedly high rate of NHL was detected among treatment-experienced patients achieving a high level of virologic response with newer-class antiretrovirals. We observed trends toward lower baseline CD4 and higher baseline VL in NHL cases, with a significantly greater decline in VL among cases by 12 weeks. HIV-related NHL can occur in the setting of immune reconstitution. Potential immunologic, virologic, and newer-class antiretroviral-specific factors associated with rapid development of NHL warrants further investigation. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4260688 Tue, 14 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4260688 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4259766&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21134247%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: During early ART virus diversity is affected mainly in the serum and effector memory cell compartments. Differential alterations in V3 charge were observed between effector memory and naive populations. While certain cell populations can be targeted preferentially during early ART, some virus strains demonstrate varied sensitivity to therapy, as shown from studying two strains within a dual HIV-1 infected individual. PMID: 21134247 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4259766 Mon, 06 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4259766 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4231256&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F42 Conclusions: During early ART virus diversity is affected mainly in the serum and effector memory cell compartments. Differential alterations in V3 charge were observed between effector memory and naive populations. While certain cell populations can be targeted preferentially during early ART, some virus strains demonstrate varied sensitivity to therapy, as shown from studying two strains within a dual HIV-1 infected individual. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4231256 Mon, 06 Dec 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4231256 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4229201&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21118549%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dybowski JN, Heider D, Hoffmann D ABSTRACT: Deep sequencing is able to generate a complete picture of the retroviral quasi-species in a patient. We demonstrate that the unprecedented power of deep sequencing in conjunction with computational data analysis has great potential for clinical diagnostics and basic research. Specifically, we analyzed longitudinal deep sequencing data from patients in a study with Vicriviroc, a drug that blocks the HIV-1 co-receptor CCR5. Sequences covered the V3-loop of gp120, known to be the main determinant of co-receptor tropism. First, we evaluated this data with a computational model for the interpretation of V3-sequences with respect to tropism, and we found complete agreement with results from phenotypic assays. Thus, the method could be appl... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4229201 Tue, 30 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4229201 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4215825&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F41 Deep sequencing is able to generate a complete picture of the retroviral quasi-species in a patient. We demonstrate that the unprecedented power of deep sequencing in conjunction with computational data analysis has great potential for clinical diagnostics and basic research. Specifically, we analyzed longitudinal deep sequencing data from patients in a study with Vicriviroc, a drug that blocks the HIV-1 co-receptor CCR5. Sequences covered the V3-loop of gp120, known to be the main determinant of co-receptor tropism. First, we evaluated this data with a computational model for the interpretation of V3-sequences with respect to tropism, and we found complete agreement with results from phenotypic assays. Thus, the method could be applied in cases where phenotypic assays fail. Second, comput... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4215825 Tue, 30 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4215825 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4205746&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21092280%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Vitamin D deficiency is frequent in HIV-positive individuals and NNRTI therapy further decreases 25-(OH)D concentrations. Consequently, vitamin D status need to be checked regularly in all HIV-infected patients and vitamin D supplementation should be given when needed. PMID: 21092280 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4205746 Tue, 23 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4205746 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4192792&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F40 Background: Vitamin D is an important determinant of bone health and also plays a major role in the regulation of the immune system. Interestingly, vitamin D status before the start of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been recently associated with HIV disease progression and overall mortality in HIV-positive pregnant women. We prospectively studied vitamin D status in HIV individuals on HAART in Belgium.We selected samples from HIV-positive adults starting HAART with a pre-HAART CD4 T-cell count >100 cells/mm3 followed up for at least 12 months without a treatment change. We compared 25-hydroxyvitamin D plasma [25-(OH)D] concentration in paired samples before and after 12 months of HAART. 25-(OH)D levels are presented using two different cut-offs: (Source: AIDS Research and... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4192792 Tue, 23 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4192792 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4126095&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21034506%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: The adherence rate found in this study is similar to other resource limited setting and higher than the developed country. This study highlights emphasis should be given for income generating activities and social supports that helps to remember the patients for medication taking and management of opportunistic infections during the course of treatment. Key words: Rate, Adherence, resource-limited setting, HAART, Ethiopia. PMID: 21034506 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4126095 Sat, 30 Oct 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4126095 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4098962&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20950432%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: This study illustrates the acceptability of using a shortened RT sequences (codon 41-238) to obtain reliable genotype interpretations by vircoTYPE and Stanford algorithms. Implementation of this simplified protocol could significantly reduce the cost of both resistance testing and ARV treatment monitoring in RLS. PMID: 20950432 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4098962 Thu, 14 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4098962 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4069244&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F38 Conclusions: This study illustrates the acceptability of using a shortened RT sequences (codon 41-238) to obtain reliable genotype interpretations by vircoTYPE and Stanford algorithms. Implementation of this simplified protocol could significantly reduce the cost of both resistance testing and ARV treatment monitoring in RLS. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4069244 Thu, 14 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4069244 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4067237&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20937122%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: The frequency of tenofovir-associated renal impairment was higher in patients receiving tenofovir/lamivudine/nevirapine compared to tenofovir/lamivudine/efavirenz. Further studies regarding patho-physiology are warranted. PMID: 20937122 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4067237 Sun, 10 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4067237 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4057324&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F37 Background: During stavudine phase-out plan in developing countries, tenofovir is used to substitute stavudine. However, knowledge regarding whether there is any difference of the frequency of renal injury between tenofovir/lamivudine/efavirenz and tenofovir/lamivudine/nevirapine is lacking. Methods: This prospective study was conducted among HIV-infected patients who were switched NRTI from stavudine/lamivudine to tenofovir/lamivudine in efavirenz-based (EFV group) and nevirapine-based regimen (NVP group) after two years of an ongoing randomized trial. All patients were assessed for serum phosphorus, uric acid, creatinine, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and urinalysis at time of switching, 12 and 24 weeks. Results: Of 62 patients, 28 were in EFV group and 34 were in NVP grou... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4057324 Sun, 10 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4057324 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4067238&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20929543%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Significantly increased expression levels of IFN-gamma suggest that this cytokine possibly plays a role in IRIS pathology and is a potential diagnostic marker. PMID: 20929543 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4067238 Wed, 06 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4067238 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4037900&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F36 Conclusions: Significantly increased expression levels of IFN-gamma suggest that this cytokine possibly plays a role in IRIS pathology and is a potential diagnostic marker. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4037900 Wed, 06 Oct 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4037900 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3958982&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20825677%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Training, supervision and clinical mentoring of health workers are the cornerstone of the scaling up process of HIV/AIDS care in resource-limited settings (RLSs). Educational modules on mobile phones can give flexibility to HCWs for accessing learning content anywhere. However lack of softwares interoperability and the high investment cost for the Smartphones' purchase could represent a limitation to the wide spread use of such kind mLearning programs in RLSs. PMID: 20825677 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3958982 Tue, 07 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3958982 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3944342&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F35 Conclusions: Training, supervision and clinical mentoring of health workers are the cornerstone of the scaling up process of HIV/AIDS care in resource-limited settings (RLSs). Educational modules on mobile phones can give flexibility to HCWs for accessing learning content anywhere. However lack of softwares interoperability and the high investment cost for the Smartphones' purchase could represent a limitation to the wide spread use of such kind mLearning programs in RLSs. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3944342 Tue, 07 Sep 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3944342 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3935528&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20804564%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS : Although only demonstrated on a limited set of samples, the potential of the combined use of "deep sequencing + prediction algorithms" in cases where routine gp160 phenotype testing cannot be employed was illustrated. While good concordance was observed between gp120 phenotyping and prediction of R5-tropic virus, the results suggest that accurate prediction of X4-tropic virus would require further algorithm development. PMID: 20804564 [PubMed - in process] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3935528 Mon, 06 Sep 2010 08:00:05 +0100 3935528 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3913436&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20796284%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Food assistance was associated with improved food security, increased BMI, and improved adherence to clinic visits at 6 and 12 months among people living with HIV in Haiti and should be part of routine care where HIV and food insecurity overlap. PMID: 20796284 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3913436 Wed, 25 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3913436 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3913435&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20796311%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: In this cohort of non-obese African women HDL and TG, but not LDL, were adversely associated with HIV infection. As HDL is a strong predictor of cardiovascular (CV) events in women, this HIV-associated difference may confer increased risk for CV disease in HIV-infected women. PMID: 20796311 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3913435 Wed, 25 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3913435 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3905200&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F33 Background: Few data are available to guide programmatic solutions to the overlapping problems of undernutrition and HIV infection. We evaluated the impact of food assistance on patient outcomes in a comprehensive HIV program in central Haiti in a prospective observational cohort study. Methods: Adults with HIV infection were eligible for monthly food rations if they had any one of: tuberculosis, body mass index (BMI) (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3905200 Wed, 25 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3905200 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3905199&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F34 Background: Lipoprotein profiles in HIV-infected African women have not been well described. We assessed associations of lipoprotein levels and cardiovascular risk with HIV-infection and CD4 count in Rwandan women. Methods: Cross-sectional study of 824 (218 HIV-negative, 606 HIV+) Rwandan women. Body composition by body impedance analysis, CD4 count, and fasting serum total cholesterol (total-C), triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels were measured. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) was calculated from Friedewald equation if TG (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3905199 Wed, 25 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3905199 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3892374&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20723214%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Levin A, Hayouka Z, Friedler A, Loyter A ABSTRACT: A correlation between increase in the integration of Human Immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) cDNA and cell death was previously established. Here we show that combination of peptides that stimulate integration together with the protease inhibitor Ro 31-8959 caused apoptotic cell death of HIV infected cells with total extermination of the virus. This combination did not have any effect on non-infected cells. Thus it appears that cell death is promoted only in the infected cells. It is our view that the results described in this work suggest a novel approach to specifically promote death of HIV-1 infected cells and thus may eventually be developed into a new and general anti-viral therapy. PMID: 20723214 [PubMed - as supplied... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3892374 Wed, 18 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3892374 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3892373&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20723261%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: The significant association between the 516G>T polymorphism and plasma EFV concentrations has been demonstrated in this study. A rapid and sensitive method for the measurement of plasma EFV concentration was developed and validated. PMID: 20723261 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3892373 Wed, 18 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3892373 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3883137&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F31 A correlation between increase in the integration of Human Immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) cDNA and cell death was previously established. Here we show that combination of peptides that stimulate integration together with the protease inhibitor Ro 31-8959 caused apoptotic cell death of HIV infected cells with total extermination of the virus. This combination did not have any effect on non-infected cells. Thus it appears that cell death is promoted only in the infected cells. It is our view that the results described in this work suggest a novel approach to specifically promote death of HIV-1 infected cells and thus may eventually be developed into a new and general anti-viral therapy. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3883137 Wed, 18 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3883137 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3883136&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F32 Background: The 516G>T polymorphism in exon 4 of the CYP2B6 gene has been associated with increased plasma Efavirenz (EFV) concentrations. EFV concentrations greater than the recommended therapeutic range have been associated with the increased likelihood of developing adverse CNS effects. The aims of this study were to a) determine the presence of the 516G>T and other CYP2B6 exon 4 polymorphisms in a South African group of HIV-infected individuals b) investigate the relationship between the EFV plasma concentrations, the CYP2B6 516G>T polymorphism and the occurrence of CNS related side effects in this group of patients and c) develop and validate a rapid method for determination of EFV in plasma.MethodData from 80 patients is presented. Genetic polymorphisms in exon 4 of the CYP2B6 gene w... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3883136 Wed, 18 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3883136 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3845622&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20687947%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Although sustained CD4 T-cell count increases were seen with IL-2 administration as in other studies, the absence of clinical benefit in two recent randomized trials has demonstrated no apparent role for IL-2 as a therapy in HIV disease. PMID: 20687947 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3845622 Wed, 04 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3845622 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3825154&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F30 Background: Effective antiretroviral therapy reduces HIV-1 RNA levels, improves CD4 T-cell counts, and lowers the risk of opportunistic infections and malignancies. Interleukin-2 (IL-2) has been shown to increase CD4 T-cell numbers mainly by expanding CD4 cells and by prolonging their half-lives. HIV-infected patients previously enrolled into A328 had been randomized to antiretroviral therapy (ART) alone or ART followed by IL-2. In A5051, 53 patients from A328 who had previously received IL-2 were allowed to continue IL-2 for an additional 80 weeks; 27 patients who had received ART alone received IL-2 for 80 weeks. Results: The patients previously receiving IL-2 continued to have elevated CD4 levels with extended use of IL-2. The prior ART-alone recipients had increases in CD4 levels to co... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3825154 Wed, 04 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3825154 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3828266&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20682034%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sharma Y, Neogi U, Sood V, Banerjee S, Samrat S, Wanchu A, Singh S, Banerjea AC ABSTRACT: HIV-1 Rev protein regulates the expression of HIV-1 transcripts by binding to a highly structured stem loop structure called the Rev Responsive Element (RRE) present in the genomic and partially spliced RNAs. Genetic variation in this structure is likely to effect binding of Rev protein and ultimately overall gene expression and replication. We characterized RRE sequences from 13 HIV-1 infected individuals from North India which also included two mother-child pairs following vertical transmission. We observed high degree of conservation of sequences, including the 9-nt (CACUAUGGG) long sequence in stem-loop B, required for efficient binding of Rev protein. All of our 13 RRE sequences poss... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3828266 Mon, 02 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3828266 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3828265&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20682061%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: During initial clinical evaluation, a focal neurologic exam, abnormal head CT and large cryptococcal burden measured by CRAG titer are associated with the outcome of complicated cryptococcal meningitis following 2 weeks from antifungal therapy initiation. KEYWORDS: AIDS, Complicated cryptoccocal meningitis, Cryptococcal antigen. PMID: 20682061 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3828265 Mon, 02 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3828265 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3814433&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F28 HIV-1 Rev protein regulates the expression of HIV-1 transcripts by binding to a highly structured stem loop structure called the Rev Responsive Element (RRE) present in the genomic and partially spliced RNAs. Genetic variation in this structure is likely to effect binding of Rev protein and ultimately overall gene expression and replication. We characterized RRE sequences from 13 HIV-1 infected individuals from North India which also included two mother-child pairs following vertical transmission. We observed high degree of conservation of sequences, including the 9-nt (CACUAUGGG) long sequence in stem-loop B, required for efficient binding of Rev protein. All of our 13 RRE sequences possessed G to A (position 65) mutation located in the critical branched-stem-loop B which is neither prese... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3814433 Mon, 02 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3814433 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3814432&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F29 Conclusions: During initial clinical evaluation, a focal neurologic exam, abnormal head CT and large cryptococcal burden measured by CRAG titer are associated with the outcome of complicated cryptococcal meningitis following 2 weeks from antifungal therapy initiation.KeywordsAIDS, Complicated cryptoccocal meningitis, Cryptococcal antigen. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3814432 Mon, 02 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3814432 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3814070&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20667109%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that the fusion precursors provide a useful system to study protease autoprocessing in mammalian cells, and may be further developed for screening of new drugs targeting HIV protease autoprocessing. PMID: 20667109 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3814070 Tue, 27 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3814070 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3796546&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F27 Conclusions: We suggest that the fusion precursors provide a useful system to study protease autoprocessing in mammalian cells, and may be further developed for screening of new drugs targeting HIV protease autoprocessing. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3796546 Tue, 27 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3796546 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3799059&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20659345%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that this Cys55-specific alkylation mechanism may be exploited to develop a new class of anti HIV drugs. PMID: 20659345 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3799059 Sun, 25 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3799059 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3788447&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F26 Conclusions: Our data suggest that this Cys55-specific alkylation mechanism may be exploited to develop a new class of anti HIV drugs. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3788447 Sun, 25 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3788447 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3799060&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20653950%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Immunologic criteria have been shown to be a poor guideline for identifying individuals with high HIV RNA levels. MCH and change in MCH were the strongest predictors of HIV RNA levels >500. When combined with CD4 and percent CD4 as covariates in a model, a high level of discrimination between those with and without HIV RNA levels >500 was obtained. These data suggest an unexplored relationship between HIV RNA and MCH. PMID: 20653950 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3799060 Thu, 22 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3799060 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3781978&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F25 Conclusions: Immunologic criteria have been shown to be a poor guideline for identifying individuals with high HIV RNA levels. MCH and change in MCH were the strongest predictors of HIV RNA levels >500. When combined with CD4 and percent CD4 as covariates in a model, a high level of discrimination between those with and without HIV RNA levels >500 was obtained. These data suggest an unexplored relationship between HIV RNA and MCH. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3781978 Thu, 22 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3781978 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3781227&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20646329%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: High prevalence of R5 tropism and greater homogeneity of the V3 sequence among HIV-1 subtype C strains in India suggests the potential benefit of CCR5 antagonists as a therapeutic option in India. PMID: 20646329 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3781227 Tue, 20 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3781227 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3774093&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F24 Conclusions: High prevalence of R5 tropism and greater homogeneity of the V3 sequence among HIV-1 subtype C strains in India suggests the potential benefit of CCR5 antagonists as a therapeutic option in India. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3774093 Tue, 20 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3774093 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3762699&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20630064%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: There was a high prevalence of metabolic complications of stavudine, but these were not associated with plasma stavudine concentrations. Until there is universal access to safer antiretroviral drugs, there is a need for further studies examining the pathogenesis of stavudine-associated toxicities. PMID: 20630064 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3762699 Tue, 13 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3762699 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3752013&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F23 Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of metabolic complications of stavudine, but these were not associated with plasma stavudine concentrations. Until there is universal access to safer antiretroviral drugs, there is a need for further studies examining the pathogenesis of stavudine-associated toxicities. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3752013 Tue, 13 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3752013 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3754228&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20618951%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Lemon and lime juice and household vinegar do not fulfill the safety criteria mandated for a topical microbicide. As a result of their unphysiological formulation for the vaginal tract, they exhibit cytotoxicity to human cell lines, human vaginal tissues, and beneficial vaginal Lactobacillus species. PMID: 20618951 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3754228 Thu, 08 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3754228 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3738761&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F22 Conclusions: Lemon and lime juice and household vinegar do not fulfill the safety criteria mandated for a topical microbicide. As a result of their unphysiological formulation for the vaginal tract, they exhibit cytotoxicity to human cell lines, human vaginal tissues, and beneficial vaginal Lactobacillus species. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3738761 Thu, 08 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3738761 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3737883&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20604950%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Identification of these unique proteins may serve as an indication of altered viral states in response to infection as well as a natural phenotypic variability in response to HIV-1 infection in a given population. PMID: 20604950 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3737883 Mon, 05 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3737883 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3727925&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F21 Conclusions: Identification of these unique proteins may serve as an indication of altered viral states in response to infection as well as a natural phenotypic variability in response to HIV-1 infection in a given population. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3727925 Mon, 05 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3727925 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3727421&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20598119%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: The novel antigen-specific CD45RA+ IFN-gamma neg MIP-1beta+ CD8+ T cell population represents a new candidate marker of long-term natural control of HIV-1 disease progression and a relevant functional T-cell subset in the evaluation of the immune responses induced by candidate HIV-1 vaccines. PMID: 20598119 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3727421 Thu, 01 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3727421 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3720044&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F20 Conclusion: The novel antigen-specific CD45RA+ IFN-gamma neg MIP-1beta+ CD8+ T cell population represents a new candidate marker of long-term natural control of HIV-1 disease progression and a relevant functional T-cell subset in the evaluation of the immune responses induced by candidate HIV-1 vaccines. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3720044 Thu, 01 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3720044 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3714593&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20579347%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: HAART has different clinical effects on HIV related oral lesions depending on the size, duration of treatment and etiology of the lesions. HIV-ROLs of fungal origin have the fastest response to HAART. These lesions alongside immunologic parameters can be used as indicators of success or failure of antiretroviral therapy. PMID: 20579347 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3714593 Thu, 24 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3714593 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3697372&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F19 Conclusion: HAART has different clinical effects on HIV related oral lesions depending on the size, duration of treatment and etiology of the lesions. HIV-ROLs of fungal origin have the fastest response to HAART. These lesions alongside immunologic parameters can be used as indicators of success or failure of antiretroviral therapy. (Source: AIDS Research and Therapy) AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3697372 Thu, 24 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3697372 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3696404&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=36885&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D20569473%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ramautarsing R, Ananworanich J ABSTRACT: Although access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the treatment of HIV has increased during the last decade, many patients are still in need of treatment. With limited funds to provide ART to millions of patients worldwide, there is a need for alternative ways to scale up ART in resource limited settings. This review provides an overview of pharmacokinetic, safety and efficacy studies of generic and reduced dose ART. The production of generic ART has greatly influenced the decline in drug prices and the increase in ART access. Generic ART has good pharmacokinetic, safety and efficacy profiles. Toxicity is however the main cause for ART discontinuation. Several dose reduction studies have shown adequate pharmacokinetic parameters and s... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3696404 Tue, 22 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3696404 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3685136&cid=s_36885_20_f&fid=33103&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aidsrestherapy.com%2Fcontent%2F7%2F1%2F18 Although access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) for the treatment of HIV has increased during the last decade, many patients are still in need of treatment. With limited funds to provide ART to millions of patients worldwide, there is a need for alternative ways to scale up ART in resource limited settings. This review provides an overview of pharmacokinetic, safety and efficacy studies of generic and reduced dose ART. The production of generic ART has greatly influenced the decline in drug prices and the increase in ART access. Generic ART has good pharmacokinetic, safety and efficacy profiles. Toxicity is however the main cause for ART discontinuation. Several dose reduction studies have shown adequate pharmacokinetic parameters and short term efficacy with reduced dose ART. Ethnicity ... AIDS Research and Therapy journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3685136 Tue, 22 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3685136