Acta Ophthalmologica via MedWorm.com

Lack of effect of short-term treatment with Amlodipine and Lisinopril on retinal autoregulation in normotensive patients with type 1 diabetes and mild diabetic retinopathy

Acta Ophthalmologica — Sat, 20 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Short-term treatment with amlodipine and lisinopril had no significant effect on retinal autoregulation in young normotensive patients with T1D and mild retinopathy, and this lack of effect was similar for the two drugs. A possible normalizing effect of antihypertensive treatment on retinal autoregulation was not observed; however, it might take longer time to improve autoregulation than to reduce the arterial blood pressure. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Functional and morphological long-term results after arteriovenous crossing sheathotomy

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 19 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Autologous translocation of the retinal pigment epithelium and choroid in the treatment of neovascular age-related macular degeneration

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 19 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Functional results of a translocation of RPE and choroid were heterogeneous and rather disappointing in this study. Results may have been influenced negatively by case selection. We found a relatively high rate of adverse events in the postoperative course. In selected cases, e.g. massive submacular haemorrhage or progressive neovascular AMD unresponsive to other treatment options, autologous translocation of RPE and choroid may still be considered. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Clinical assessment of the optic disc at risk of nonarteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 19 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Retinal attachment after transconjunctival exocryocoagulation of retinal horse shoe tears

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 19 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Impact of iris pigment and pupil size in ultraviolet radiation cataract in rat

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 19 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Pigmented rats develop less UVR cataract and less ocular inflammation than non-pigmented rats. Pupil size plays a smaller role in UVR cataract development in pigmented rats than in non-pigmented. The role of UVR-induced ocular inflammation in cataract development is still ambiguous. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Intraocular pressure reduction with a fixed treatment protocol in the Early Manifest Glaucoma Trial

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 18 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: With a fixed treatment protocol, the IOP reduction achieved depended very strongly on baseline untreated IOP levels. There seemed to be a lower threshold around 15 mmHg, where therapy did not result in any reduction of IOP. Our results suggest that when effects of IOP-lowering treatment are reported, whether expressed in mmHg or as a percentage of untreated pressure levels, the baseline IOP levels should be specified as well. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Intravitreal bevacizumab alone versus in combination with photodynamic therapy for the treatment of neovascular maculopathy in patients aged 50 years or older: 1-year results of a prospective clinical study

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The results of our 12-month prospective study indicate that intravitreal bevacizumab alone has similar efficacy and safety to bevacizumab plus PDT for treatment of patients with neovascular AMD, even treatment-naïve patients. The addition of PDT did not assist in reducing the required total number of bevacizumab injections. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Tobacco optic neuropathy (TON) – the historical and present concept of the disease

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

This article reviews the historical and current concepts of 'tobacco optic neuropathy' (TON) a rare disorder of optic nerve function related to the toxic effects of an unidentified constituent of tobacco. It is considered to be an entity distinct from that often described as 'tobacco-alcohol amblyopia', a disorder better described as a nutritional optic neuropathy. It is suggested that 'tobacco-alcohol amblyopia' is an inappropriate term, because the condition to which it refers is not an amblyopia, and there is little evidence to implicate a toxic effect of either tobacco or alcohol in the pathogenesis of that disorder. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Acupuncture for treating dry eye: a systematic review

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 16 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: These results provide limited evidence for the effectiveness of acupuncture for treating dry eye. However, the total number of RCTs, the total sample size and the methodological quality were too low to draw firm conclusions. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

A study comparing ocular pressure pulse and ocular fundus pulse in dependence of axial eye length and ocular volume

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The present study confirms experimentally that PA, FPA and POBF are dependent on ocular volume and indicates that the pulsatile component of ocular blood flow is not reduced in myopic patients. Accordingly, the relationship between AEL and POBF described previously appears to be a consequence of different ocular volumes. Our findings have important implications for studies using PA or POBF. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Predictable signs of benign course of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy: based upon the long-term observation of non-treated eyes

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: There is certainly a group of PCV eyes with a benign prognosis. Considering the huge cost and risk of current therapies, the initial ocular findings could be deciding factors that determine the necessity for further treatment. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Forgotten achievements of Polish retinal research in international ophthalmology

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

The development of ophthalmology was greatly restricted in Poland in the 19th century, because it was partitioned and occupied by its three dominant neighbours. Polish medical universities were closed, and in Polish hospitals, only clinical work was possible. Those who wanted to study medicine and become ophthalmologists were forced to live and work in exile. Nevertheless, there were some Polish ophthalmologists at that time who had some international influence on retinal research. They contributed to colour vision physiology and pathology, ophthalmoscopy, retinal detachment and gyrate chorioretinal atrophy and congenital choroidal coloboma. The most prominent were Wiktor Szokalski, Ksawery Gałęzowski, Bolesław Wicherkiewicz, Kaziemierz Noiszewski and Michał Bor...

Comparison of higher order aberration profiles between normal and amblyopic eyes in children with idiopathic amblyopia

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 12 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: It seems a strong possibility that a subset of 'idiopathic' amblyopia may be associated with loss of symmetry in wavefront patterns of the two eyes. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Diabetic macular oedema: physical, physiological and molecular factors contribute to this pathological process

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 11 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Diabetic macular oedema (DMO) is an important cause of vision loss in patients with diabetes mellitus. The underlying mechanisms of DMO, on both macrocellular and microcellular levels, are discussed in this review. The pathophysiology of DMO can be described as a process whereby hyperglycaemia leads to overlapping and inter-related pathways that play a role not only in the initial vascular events, but also in the continued tissue insult that leads to chronic DMO. On a macrocellular level, DMO is believed to be in part caused by alterations in hydrostatic pressure, oxygen tension, oncotic pressure and shear stress. Three key components of the microvascular pathways include angiogenic factor expression, inflammation and oxidative stress. These molecular mediators, acting in conjunction with ...

Congenital ocular malformations (lens subluxation, pupillary displacement, cataract, myopia) and classic galactosaemia associated with Q188R and /or G1391A mutations

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Patients with worsening cataracts occurring at a pre-senile age should be examined for galactosaemia. We describe for the first time the molecular genetic findings in congenital ectopia lentis et pupillae. Early treatment in conjunction with a galactose-free diet is mandatory in patients with galactosaemia. Members of a family with heterozygosity for galactosaemia should be advised to attend a human genetic consultation. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Steroid injection in addition to macular laser grid photocoagulation in diabetic macular oedema: a systematic review

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Although there is a greater reduction in CFT in eyes pretreated with steroids, this does not consistently result in higher VA. The literature search does not provide sufficiently strong evidence to recommend steroid injection before MLG photocoagulation in DMO. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Optic disc appearance and retinal temporal vessel arcade geometry in high myopia, as based on follow-up data over 38 years

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Contrary to clinical expectation, we found neurodiscs that appeared to be small and dense in eyes with high myopia. We further discussed the eventual peaking of the angle between the temporal vessel arcades that is sometimes observed in high myopia. Occasionally, literature on myopia reports the presence of small and tilted discs whereas no mention was found of the issue of temporal vessel arcade peaking. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Long-term study of vascular perfusion effects following arteriovenous sheathotomy for branch retinal vein occlusion

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 10 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: PPV with AVS is a safe procedure, and adjunctive IVT had no additional effects on vascular perfusion. Successful decompressive surgery was followed by disappearance of collateral vessels at the BRVO blockage site and was a clinical marker for intravascular reperfusion. Long-term epiretinal gliosis and subfoveal photoreceptor atrophy limited functional and visual recovery. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Fibrosis of extramacular angioid streaks following ranibizumab treatment of subfoveal choroidal neovascularization

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 08 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Macular abnormalities in patients with retinitis pigmentosa: prevalence on OCT examination and outcomes of vitreoretinal surgery

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 08 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: When OCT is used, macular abnormalities are present in 7.4% of patients with RP, which is lower than the prevalence reported earlier. Although vitrectomy can improve the macular morphology in some patients with RP, improvement of visual function may be limited most likely because of the long-standing retinal dysfunction. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Exposure keratopathy following silicone frontalis suspension in adult neuro- and myogenic ptosis

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 08 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: This study cohort demonstrated a 26% risk of exposure keratopathy following silicone frontalis suspension. The risk of major corneal complications, such as ulceration, was low (3%). (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Needle-based blocks for the 21st century ophthalmology

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Aside from relative safety, modern needle blocks offer the advantage of lid akinesia without a need for a second injection for the seventh nerve that is often performed con-comitantly with retrobulbar block. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Microperimetric changes after intravitreal bevacizumab injection for exudative age-related macular degeneration

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Intravitreal bevacizumab therapy induced a significant increase in mean retinal sensitivity and significant decrease in mean absolute scotoma size during 6 months. The MP1 microperimetry proved to be a valuable tool in the evaluation of functional benefit of exudative AMD therapy with intravitreal bevacizumab. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Can we meet the future demands for cataract surgery?

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Concentrations of unbound bevacizumab in the aqueous of untreated fellow eyes after a single intravitreal injection in humans

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: There are no pharmacological indications for a significant concentration of unbound bevacizumab in the anterior chamber of contralateral eyes in humans. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

EXTEND-I: safety and efficacy of ranibizumab in Japanese patients with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Ranibizumab was effective and well tolerated in Japanese patients with subfoveal CNV secondary to AMD. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Recurrent orbital compartment syndrome caused by a blow-out fracture and accumulation of air; management by orbital punctures

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Stargardt Disease with Preserved Central Vision: identification of a putative novel mutation in ATP-binding cassette transporter gene

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Comparison of bimanual and micro-coaxial phacoemulsification with torsional ultrasound

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: With rapid visual rehabilitation and comparable endothelial cell loss, both bimanual and micro-coaxial phacoemulsification procedures with torsional ultrasound are efficient for moderate nuclear cataract extraction. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Visual outcomes 12 months after phacoemulsification cataract surgery in patients with diabetes

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Purpose: To assess cataract surgery visual outcomes 12 months postoperatively in patients with diabetes, with or without diabetic retinopathy (DR), compared to patients without diabetes.Methods: We followed 1192 cataract surgical patients aged [ge]65 for 12 months postoperatively. Standardised pre- and postoperative pinhole LogMAR visual acuity (VA) measurements were taken. Mean VA improvement was determined by comparing VA after 12 months to preoperative VA.Results: Of 1192 surgical patients, 324 (27.2%) had diabetes, of whom, 136 (42.0%) had DR. After adjusting for age, gender, diabetes duration and preoperative pinhole VA, the average VA gained 12 months after surgery was 10.8 letters among 868 patients without diabetes, 10.6 letters among 188 patients with diabetes but no DR, 10.0 lett...

Study of clinical applications and safety for Pascal® laser photocoagulation in retinal vascular disorders

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The clinical efficacy using 10- to 30-ms pulse duration Pascal® laser is comparable to conventional standard protocols used for the treatment of vascular retinal disorders. Higher power, 10- to 30-ms pulse duration laser may be safely and effectively used in clinical practice. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Chronic granulomatous disease and serious unilateral keratitis with bilateral conjunctivitis: a rare case of external ocular disease

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis (TINU) Syndrome: a case report and review of the literature: author's reply

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 16 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Breakage of the haptic of a single-piece acrylic intraocular lens after transscleral fixation

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 12 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Encircling band, laser retinopexy and lens removal as standard procedure in complicated retinal detachment shows a good clinical outcome

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 12 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Our study demonstrates good final outcomes when a rigorous surgical approach was used. Furthermore, this standard procedure reduces the need for reoperations and consequently improves the functional outcome. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Visual outcomes of treated periocular capillary haemangiomas in childhood: a 10-year review

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 12 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In this study, intralesional steroids were used for localized lesions and oral steroids for diffuse haemangiomas with orbital involvement. Treatment especially with oral steroids was found to halt the proliferative phase and assist early haemangioma regression reducing ocular sequelae. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Haemorheopheresis could block the progression of the dry form of age-related macular degeneration with soft drusen to the neovascular form

Acta Ophthalmologica — Sat, 23 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Haemorheopheresis seems to be capable of changing the activity of promoters of the natural course of soft-drusen maculopathy, its development and progression. Visual acuity and electrical activity of the retina can be stabilized or even improved. The therapy has been shown to be effective and safe. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Evolution of light scattering and redox balance in the rat lens after in vivo exposure to close-to-threshold dose ultraviolet radiation

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In vivo close-to-threshold UVR exposure induces a gradual increase in rat lens opacification/cataract development and time dependently alters the redox balance in the lens. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Vascular endothelial growth factor in the aqueous humour in eyes with myopic choroidal neovascularization

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The VEGF concentration in the aqueous humour of patients with mCNV is lower than in normal controls. VEGF might localize in or around the CNV in eyes with mCNV. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Dynamic retinal vessel response to flicker in age-related macular degeneration patients before and after vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor injection

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Dynamic retinal arterial and venous reactions to flickering light are altered in AMD compared with controls. Three months after a single injection of a vascular endothelial growth factor inhibitor, the investigated retinal dynamic vascular parameters were not altered in our study. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

A retrospective comparison of efficacy and safety of 680 consecutive lasik treatments for high myopia performed with two generations of flying-spot excimer lasers

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 22 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Laser in situ keratomileusis treatment for high myopia can effectively reduce high degrees of myopia. Under correction was observed in both treatment groups but Group B has a slightly better predictability. Significant loss of BSCVA occurs infrequently after LASIK for even considerable grades of myopia (0.6% in each group). (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Tight orbit syndrome: a previously unrecognized cause of open-angle glaucoma

Acta Ophthalmologica — Sun, 17 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Tight orbit syndrome presents a serious clinical challenge. Despite maximum medical therapy and surgical intervention IOP is difficult to control, resulting in progressive visual field loss. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Prospective contralateral eye study to compare conventional and wavefront-guided laser in situ keratomileusis

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 15 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Visual acuity and refractive error outcomes were similar in both treatment group and no patient preference was observed. Customized ablation was associated with a smaller but not statistically significant postoperative increase in HOAs, better preservation of scotopic contrast sensitivity, quicker treatment time and removal of less corneal tissue. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Evisceration with four anterior relaxing incisions and circumferential posterior sclerotomies with porous polyethylene orbital implants: an 8-year study

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 14 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Primary evisceration with four anterior relaxing incisions and posterior sclerotomies made circumferentially behind the equator at approximately 330°, combined with porous polyethylene orbital implant placement, is a useful technique for treating a variety of end-stage eye diseases. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

One year follow-up of contrast sensitivity following conventional laser in situ keratomileusis and laser epithelial keratomileusis

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 13 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: One year postoperatively, there was no difference in CS between both treatment groups using the Pelli-Robson and CSV-1000E tests. CS was reduced postoperatively in the LASIK group at the lower spatial frequencies under photopic conditions. No postoperative change was detected in CS following LASIK or LASEK using the Pelli-Robson test. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Tacrolimus ointment in atopic blepharoconjunctivitis does not seem to elevate intraocular pressure

Acta Ophthalmologica — Sun, 10 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Visual field results and optic disc morphology in patients treated with allogeneic stem-cell transplantation in childhood

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Patients treated with SCT in childhood have a significantly lower MHR than controls when examined with RB. Also, patients surgically treated for cataract and with IOL implantation had a significantly lower MHR. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

The influence of injection volume and capsular bag contraction on the refractive power of polymer refilled lenses – a finite element modelling simulation study

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The simulations show that overfilling during polymer injection leads to a refractive power increase of the lens. Capsular bag contraction also results in a power increase. The calculated accommodative amplitude of the lens is minimally affected by capsular bag contraction but decreases significantly with increased capsular bag stiffness as a result of fibrosis. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Machine learning classifiers for glaucoma diagnosis based on classification of retinal nerve fibre layer thickness parameters measured by Stratus OCT

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: No differences between ANN and SVM were observed in this study. Both MLCs performed very well, with similar diagnostic performance. Input parameters have a larger impact on diagnostic performance than the type of machine classifier. Our results suggest that parameters based on transformed A-scan thickness measurements of the RNFL processed by machine classifiers can improve OCT-based glaucoma diagnosis. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Krogh cylinders in retinal development, panretinal hypoperfusion and diabetic retinopathy

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

The volume of cells that a length of capillary supplies with O2 is called a Krogh cylinder. This geometric 'tissue unit' was named after the Danish zoophysiologist and Nobel laureate August Krogh who made important discoveries in the fields of external and internal respiration in the first half of the last century. Krogh's ideas concerning tissue O2 distribution can be extrapolated to retinal oxygenation by larger vessels (including arterioles, arteries and even veins) and by vessel groups within higher-order 'microvascular units' (including the choroid). During retinal development, for example, the difference in pO2 levels within arteries and capillaries determines Krogh cylinders of different radius and establishes the periarterial capillary-free zone of His. The O2 supply to the venous ...

Molecular genetic cause of X-linked retinitis pigmentosa in a Czech family

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Intravitreal bevacizumab for parapapillary choroidal neovascularization due to exudative age-related macular degeneration

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Intravitreal bevacizumab injection for recurrent vitreous haemorrhage after diabetic vitrectomy

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Intravitreal bevacizumab treatment may reduce the need of revitrectomy for recurrent vitreous haemorrhage after diabetic vitrectomy. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

The redox state of human serum albumin in eye diseases with and without complications

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Serum albumin is not shifted to more oxidized forms by localized oxidative stress, but it is in systemic diseases like DM. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Clinical characteristics and factors associated the outcome of lacrimal canaliculitis

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Canaliculitis are often delayed diagnosed and prone to recur or persist. Male gender and concretions are important risk factors for recurrence. Surgical removal of all possible concretions is essential for cure. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

VIP, PACAP-38, BDNF and ADNP in NMDA-induced excitotoxicity in the rat retina

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The early upregulation of BDNF seems to act neuroprotectively and leads to a delay of ganglion cell loss. Although there is no direct evidence, the decrease of VIP and ADNP [ndash] the consequence of the presence of NMDA receptors on these peptide-expressing cells [ndash] might contribute to the breakdown of endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms given that the decrease of the VIP-related ADNP runs in parallel with the decrease of VIP. Activating and maintaining these mechanisms must be the primary aim in the therapy of diseases with retinal neuronal degeneration. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Low-dosage statins reduce choroidal damage in hypercholesterolemic rabbits

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Treatment with a low dosage of fluvastatin sodium or pravastatin sodium reduced the lipid build-up as well as the macrophages in the choroid and restored the vascular lumens of choroidal vessels independently of the cholesterol effect. The normal ultrastructural features of choroidal EC and VSMC in statin-treated animals suggest that the endothelial function is preserved and the ischaemia reduced. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

The epidemiology of cataract: a study in Greece

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: We identified certain possible risk factors for age-related cataract. In a Mediterranean Greek population, we found that smoking, use of cortisone drops, cardiovascular heart disease and sunlight exposure increase the risk for cataract, while use of hat and vision repair spectacles act protectively. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Delayed response of the retina after hyperbaric oxygen exposure

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: A mfERG component related to bipolar and Müller cell function was accelerated by a short intermittent exposure to HBO. The response developed after the end of the HBO exposure and lasted for at least 3 weeks, suggesting that it was prompted by the withdrawal of HBO rather than the onset and subsequent brief exposure to HBO. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Impact on visual function from light scattering and glistenings in intraocular lenses, a long-term study

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 08 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Most patients in this case series operated 10 years previously had severe glistenings and a high level of light scattering from their intraocular lenses. No detectable impact on BCVA, LCVA 10% and 2.5% was found. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Late subsequent ocular morbidity in retinopathy of prematurity patients, with emphasis on visual loss caused by insidious 'involutive' pathology: an observational series

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 06 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Based on a variety of clinical ophthalmic preterm appearances, we propose the hypothesis that, in addition to increased structural vulnerability, a reduced functional reserve may pave the way for further abiotrophy or involution over time. This may manifest as reduced resistance to later ophthalmic events, such as disease or trauma, or simply the impact of age. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

The role of CTGF in the diabetic rat retina and its relationship with VEGF and TGF-β2, elucidated by treatment with CTGFsiRNA

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 24 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: These results suggest that the diabetes-mediated increase in CTGF upregulates VEGF and TGF-[beta]2 expression and induces apoptosis in the retina. This elevation may be inhibited by treatment with CTGFsiRNA. Connective tissue growth factor may serve as a potential target for the prevention and treatment of DR. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Transient regression of choroidal neovascularization membrane after vitrectomy in age-related macular degeneration with vitreomacular traction syndrome

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 22 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Reproducibility of retinal thickness measurements in patients with age-related macular degeneration using 3D Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) (Topcon 3D-OCT 1000)

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 22 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Reproducibility of 3D-OCT retinal thickness measurements was good in both groups. However, reproducibility was significantly better in dry AMD than in exudative AMD. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Retinal vascular events after intravitreal bevacizumab

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 21 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The retinal vascular events may be associated with the underlying ocular disease under treatment or with the underlying systemic disease, may be related to an increased intraocular pressure post-injection constraining further an already poor retinal perfusion, the vasoconstrictor effect of bevacizumab, or a combination of all three. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

The outcome of cataract surgery measured with the Catquest-9SF

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 21 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The Catquest-9SF shows excellent psychometric properties, as demonstrated by Rasch analysis. It is highly responsive to cataract surgery, and its brevity (nine items) makes it well suited for use in daily clinical practice. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Validation of tissue quality parameters for donor corneas, designated for emergency cases: corneal graft survival

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 21 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: A selected pool of donor corneas designated for emergency grafting that does not interfere with the scheduled procedures allows more efficient and safe use of donor tissue in case of a(n) (imminent) perforation. Corneal graft survival rates justify the criteria for selection. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Sturge–Weber syndrome: decrease in intraocular pressure after transpupillary thermotherapy for diffuse choroidal haemangioma

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 21 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Our study highlights the close link that exists between LOJG and DCH in SWS. A single treatment modality such as TTT may both reduce IOP in LOJG and help to prevent exudative retinal detachment in DCH. We believe that TTT is a good therapeutic option for SWS patients who have both DCH and LOJG. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Corneal surface reconstruction using adult mesenchymal stem cells in experimental limbal stem cell deficiency in rabbits

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 21 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: CK 3/12 is not highly specific for differentiated corneal epithelium. Further, goblet cells are not a reliable marker for conjunctivalization in rabbits. Expression of ABCG-2, [beta]1-integrin and connexin 43 after mesenchymal stem cell transplantation may indicate their ability to maintain their stem cell character or to transdifferentiate to epithelial progenitor cells. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Timing of uveitis onset in oligoarticular juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the main predictor of severe course uveitis

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 21 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The time interval between arthritis and uveitis onset resulted as the main predictor of severe course uveitis in JIA. The statistical model was able to predict the development of a severe course in 8 of 10 patients. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

The optic nerve head assessed with HRT in 5–16-year-old normal children: normal values, repeatability and interocular difference

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 21 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: We conclude that HRT can be used in children between 5 and 16 years of age, and normal values presented in the study can be used for comparison of children with optic nerve diseases. Because the assessment of rim area varied the least, it may be the parameter to use for follow-up. The normal large interocular difference should be taken into account when comparing eyes in the individual child. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Assessment of functional vision and its rehabilitation

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 18 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

This article, based on a report prepared for the International Council of Ophthalmology (ICO) and the International Society for Low Vision Research and Rehabilitation (ISLRR), explores the assessment of various aspects of visual functioning as needed to document the outcomes of vision rehabilitation. Documenting patient abilities and functional vision (how the person functions) is distinct from the measurement of visual functions (how the eye functions) and also from the assessment of quality of life. All three areas are important, but their assessment should not be mixed. Observation of task performance offers the most objective measure of functional vision, but it is time-consuming and not feasible for many tasks. Where possible, timing and error rates provide an easy score. Patient resp...

The impact of light source on discrimination ability in subjects with age-related macular degeneration

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: We are only able to recommend photopic full spectral radiance incandescent light sources to visually impaired subjects for their domestic surroundings. Furthermore, we recommend the use of full spectral radiance light sources for the illumination of Pelli-Robson contrast sensitivity charts. Given equal illuminance, as in our study, the findings show that contrast sensitivity was better by illumination with incandescent light with full spectral radiance compared with fluorescent light with interrupted spectral radiance. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Cataract and glaucoma in Korean children with chronic glomerulonephritis receiving systemic corticosteroid treatment

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Comparing intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide and bevacizumab injections for the treatment of diabetic macular oedema: a randomized double-blind study

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Intravitreal triamcinolone proved to be more efficient in reducing DMO, providing longer lasting visual improvement, relative to bevacizumab. Eyes treated with triamcinolone had the highest percentage increase in IOP. Further studies are needed to corroborate these findings. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Associations between high myopia and class II HLA

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 16 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

A four-year prospective study on intraocular pressure in relation to phacoemulsification cataract surgery

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 11 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: IOP decreases by about 3 mmHg (16[ndash]23% from the pre-operative IOP level) after phacoemulsification and remains at this reduced level with no trend towards an increase during 4 years. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Central retinal vein occlusion following trabeculectomy with OloGen in patients with advanced glaucoma: a possible side-effect?

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 09 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Terson's syndrome as a prognostic factor for mortality of spontaneous subarachnoid haemorrhage

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 09 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The presence of Terson's syndrome was associated with an increased mortality rate (50% versus 9%; p < 0.01). Therefore, patients with the diagnosis of intracranial haemorrhage should be submitted to a funduscopic examination, because the presence of intraocular haemorrhage is an important life-threatening prognostic factor. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Spontaneous closure of lamellar macular holes studied by optical coherence tomography

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 09 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In both patients the spontaneous closure of LMH could be attributed to the shrinkage of the hole or the release of the tension on the retinal surface, which followed the complete posterior vitreous detachment and separation of epiretinal membrane from the retina. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Comparison of retinal thickness and fundus-related microperimetry with visual acuity in uveitic macular oedema

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 09 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Foveal thickness and fundus-related microperimetry were correlated with visual acuity. Cystoid changes in the outer plexiform and inner nuclear layer and the presence of epiretinal membrane were associated with poor visual acuity. Fixation abnormalities were not associated with poor visual acuity. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Systemic disease associations of familial and sporadic glaucoma: the Glaucoma Inheritance Study in Tasmania

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 02 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Patients with a known relative affected by OAG were statistically significantly more likely to have a past history for migraine or presence of atherosclerosis compared to people with no known affected relative. An understanding of such differences and systemic comorbidities will be useful for further work investigating the underlying molecular mechanisms of this disease. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Photodynamic therapy for chronic central serous chorioretinopathy

Acta Ophthalmologica — Sat, 28 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Photodynamic therapy with verteporfin may be useful in chronic CSC for improving BCVA and reducing SRF and CFT. Randomized studies with longer follow-up are needed to assess the real role of this treatment in chronic CSC. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Rapid growth of choroidal melanoma during pregnancy*

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 26 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Diagnosis of systemic metastatic retinal lymphoma

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 24 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: SMRL and primary retinal lymphoma present with similar clinical manifestations. Systemic T-cell lymphoma invades the retina and vitreous more aggressively than systemic B-cell lymphoma. A diagnosis of SMRL is made when there is a clinical history of systemic lymphoma (particularly from nasopharynx, testis and skin), and lymphoma cells are identified in the vitreous or retina. Molecular analysis is more useful than vitreal cytokine measurement for SMRL diagnosis. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Impression cytology and ocular surface characteristics in patients with seborrhoeic dermatitis

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 24 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Our data show that patient with seborrhoeic dermatitis has decreased tear production, tear film instability and significant degeneration of the ocular surface epithelium, compared with normal subjects. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Variability in short-wavelength automated perimetry among peri- or postmenopausal women: a dependence on phyto-oestrogen consumption?

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 24 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The between-group distinctions are consistent with the possibility (derived from the women's health literature) that phyto-oestrogens may counteract a decline of short-wavelength-sensitive cone-mediated response among postmenopausal women. These results suggest another potential application for SWAP outside its original intended purpose as a glaucoma test. Future studies should assess whether phyto-oestrogen consumption is most beneficial for women who are sufficiently young and/or not too far beyond menopause. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Is emmetropia the natural endpoint for human refractive development? An analysis of population-based data from the refractive error study in children (RESC)

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 24 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Emmetropia was not the predominant outcome for refractive development in children. Instead, populations were predominantly mildly hyperopic or substantial amounts of myopia appeared in them. This suggests that mild hyperopia is the natural state of refractive development in children and that emmetropia during childhood carries the risk of subsequent progression to myopia. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Intraocular cell-based production of glucagon-like peptide-1 in the anterior chamber

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 24 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Cellular characteristics of non-allergic eosinophilic conjunctivitis

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 23 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Patients with NAEC were characterized by mild eosinophilic inflammation and only minor structural conjunctival changes. The condition seems to run a relatively mild but persistent clinical course. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Clinical stability of a new method for fixation and explanation of epiretinal implants

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 23 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Stanford University Network for Diagnosis of Retinopathy of Prematurity (SUNDROP): 24-month experience with telemedicine screening

Acta Ophthalmologica — Sat, 21 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The SUNDROP telemedicine screening initiative for ROP has been proven to have a high degree of sensitivity and specificity for the identification of treatment-warranted disease. All cases of treatment-warranted disease were captured. There were no adverse outcomes. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Moraxella keratitis: risk factors, presentation, and management

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 20 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Characteristics and reproducibility of anterior chamber angle assessment by anterior-segment optical coherence tomography

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: AS-OCT provides quantitative and reproducible assessment of ACA. Reproducibility was lower in the inferior angle compared with the nasal and temporal angles, perhaps because of variable placement of the scleral spur. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Basic technique and anatomically imposed limitations of confocal scanning laser Doppler flowmetry at the optic nerve head level

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Many studies have suggested an association between blood flow dysregulation and glaucomatous damage to the optic nerve. Confocal scanning laser Doppler flowmetry (CSLDF) is a technique that measures the capillary blood flow of the retina and optic nerve head and provides a two-dimensional map of ocular perfusion in these areas. This review discusses the anatomy of the anterior optic nerve vasculature and the capabilities and limitations of the CSLDF. Methods to minimize error and to acquire more reliable measurements of capillary blood flow are also outlined. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in the normal human eye and its expression pattern in selected eye tumours

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Cyclooxygenase-2 is constitutively expressed in normal human eyes. The expression of COX-2 is much lower in selected eye tumours involving COX-2 expressing cells. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Mitomycin C-augmented deep sclerectomy in primary open-angle glaucoma and exfoliation glaucoma: a three-year prospective study

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Purpose: To investigate the efficacy and safety of mitomycin C (MMC)-augmented deep sclerectomy with implant (DSCI) in primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and exfoliation glaucoma (ExG) patients.Methods: A total of 68 eyes of 68 patients with POAG and ExG were enrolled consecutively to undergo DSCI with MMC (0.4 mg/ml for 2 min). The intraocular pressure (IOP), number of antiglaucoma medications, neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Nd:YAG) laser goniopuncture treatments and complications were compared postoperatively after 36- month follow-up. Surgery was considered as a complete success when IOP was (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Third nerve palsy following intravitreal anti-VEGF therapy for bilateral neovascular age-related macular degeneration

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Reappraisal of maximal paracentesis in central retinal artery occlusion

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Antibodies in tubulointerstitial nephritis and uveitis syndrome

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Endophthalmitis caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa after phakic posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation to correct high myopia

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Rapid, bloody, and blinding diabetic retinopathy

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Prevalence of smoking and its associations with ocular parameters in adult Chinese: The Beijing Eye Study

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Analysis of SERPING1 and its association with age-related macular degeneration

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Consecutive exotropia after surgical treatment of childhood esotropia: a 40-year follow-up study

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: This 40-year postoperative follow-up of patients with childhood ET who underwent strabismus surgery by a single surgeon in Sweden showed that multiple surgeries and presence of postoperative adduction deficit were the most important factors influencing the incidence of consecutive XT after surgery. Presence of uncorrected amblyopia did not alter the prognosis for long-term development of consecutive XT. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Visual Impairment and quality of life in the Older European Population, the EUREYE study

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The prevalence of visual impairment in the examined ageing European populations shows a definite increasing trend from north to south. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Topical bevacizumab is efficacious in the early bleb failure after trabeculectomy

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 19 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Identification of independent risk factors for the development of diabetic retinopathy requiring treatment

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 13 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Only a subset of known risk factors for development and progression of diabetic retinopathy should be used to construct a decision model for optimizing screening intervals for diabetic retinopathy. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Scleral buckling versus primary vitrectomy in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment study (SPR Study): Multiple-event analysis of risk factors for reoperations. SPR Study report no. 4

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 11 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Reoperations are used as an indicator for the quality and efficacy of surgical techniques. Using a refined multivariate survival model, distinct factors were identified and associated with one or more reoperations after PV or SB in RRD surgery. This information should be useful in the decision process regarding the surgical approach. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Neural contrast sensitivity calculated from measured total contrast sensitivity and modulation transfer function

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 11 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: It is possible to calculate a meaningful neural CSF from measured total CSF and MTF data. The neural CSF represents a CSF adjusted for optical aberrations. This would allow comparison of the neural component of visual function in eyes with different optical aberrations. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Allergy skin testing in predicting adverse reactions to fluorescein: a prospective clinical study

Acta Ophthalmologica — Wed, 11 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The vast majority of adverse reactions to fluorescein are mild and not attributed to immunological mechanisms. Allergy skin tests cannot predict non-immunological reactions but their utility remains substantial in predicting anaphylaxis during SFAs and must be performed in patients reporting risk factors in their past medical history. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Fundus autofluorescence in patients with blunt ocular trauma

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 10 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Damaged RPE area was more evident and better delineated by FAF imaging compared with fundus examination and fundus photography alone. Autofluorescence imaging might be a useful exam to show the length and severity of post-traumatic retinal lesions and it may add relevant information in the global evaluation of blunt ocular trauma complications. Moreover, OCT added valuable information to the diagnosis and progression of choroidal rupture. Further studies to determine the predictive value of FAF in ocular blunt trauma are warranted. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Macular changes detected by Fourier-domain optical coherence tomography in patients with hypotony without clinical maculopathy

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 10 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: FD-OCT identified subclinical macular abnormalities in over half of the eyes with postoperative hypotony. These findings were accompanied by visual disturbances and central macular thickening. FD-OCT can be an important diagnostic tool for this disorder when clinical features are absent. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Follow-up of suspected ocular adverse drug reactions

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 10 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Single intravitreal injection of triamcinolone combined with bevacizumab for the treatment of diffuse diabetic macular oedema refractory to grid photocoagulation

Acta Ophthalmologica — Tue, 10 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

A randomized, 36-month, post-marketing efficacy and tolerability study in Sweden and Finland of latanoprost versus non-prostaglandin therapy in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Patients who failed previous monotherapy remained on therapy longer when switched to latanoprost. Latanoprost's IOP-reducing effect and tolerability were sustained over the long term. Resource utilization and costs were generally similar in those initiating latanoprost or non-PG therapy. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Laser refractive correction of myopia in visually impaired patients improves visual acuity

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Refractive surgery improves BSCVA in visually impaired patients, possibly through plastic changes in the visual cortex. Consequently, refractive surgery may be used successfully for the treatment of visually impaired adults to enhance their visual acuity. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Improving intraocular lens power prediction in combined phacoemulsification and vitrectomy in eyes with macular oedema

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Postoperative myopic shift can be corrected by adding the amount of macular thickness measured on OCT to the ultrasound AL, or by simply implanting an IOL 0.50 D less than the IOL targeted for emmetropia. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Trabeculectomy with OloGen versus trabeculectomy for the treatment of glaucoma: a pilot study

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In this pilot study it appears that trabeculectomy with OloGen does not seem to offer any significant advantages compared with trabeculectomy alone. Additionally, even though there were no statistical differences between the two groups as far as complications were concerned, one eye from the study group developed endophthalmitis 10 days after surgery and two eyes presented with positive Seidel test and flat anterior chamber and required additional suturing. Studies with larger numbers of patients and longer follow-ups are required to confirm these findings and to examine the safety and long-term outcomes of trabeculectomy with OloGen. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Intravitreal ranibizumab as primary treatment for neovascular membrane associated with angioid streaks

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Regional Immunity of the Eye

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

This article reviews molecular mechanism of intraocular inflammation in animal models and in humans, and the immunological defence system of the eye with particular attention to ocular pigment epithelium. In experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU), T lymphocytes, particularly CD4+ T lymphocytes, play a central role in its immunopathogenic mechanisms. In humans, activated CD4+ T cells also play a central role in the immunopathogenic mechanisms. This notion is demonstrated in two human diseases: one is Vogt[ndash]Koyanagi[ndash]Harada disease, and the other is human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) uveitis. Activated CD4+ T cells infiltrating the eye are harmful to vision-related cells and tissues in the eye and cause sight-threatening conditions. However, the eye has regional defence sys...

Visual improvement in central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) following intravitreal injections of bevacizumab (Avastin®)

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: In response to four intravitreal injections of bevacizumab during 6 months, a substantial improvement in visual acuity and reduction in central retinal thickness were achieved. A randomized clinical trial is warranted to further evaluate the efficacy and safety of this treatment modality. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Molteno aqueous shunt as a primary surgical intervention for uveitic glaucoma: long-term results

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: Molteno aqueous shunt as the first glaucoma procedure decreased IOP effectively in uveitic glaucoma. Even after 4 years, the survival estimate was quite high. The IOP decreased continuously during the first year after the surgery, and the medication was slowly tapered even up to 3 years postoperatively. It is suggested that it may be possible to postpone further surgical intervention during the first postoperative year after Molteno implantation even if the IOP is not quite optimal. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Intrasession repeatability of optical coherence tomography measures in active neovascular age-related macular degeneration

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Optical coherence tomography-derived retinal thickness measurements are subject to measurement variability in patients with active nAMD. The results suggest a change criterion of more than 59 [mu]m in central 1 mm (A1) subfield macular thickness is necessary to distinguish true clinical change from measurement variability in these patients. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Altered expression of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors as possible contributors to corneal droplet formation in climatic droplet keratopathy

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Elevated MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels have been implicated in the failure of corneal re-epithelialization, and enhanced MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels in CDK patients suggest that these MMPs may play a role in corneal scarring in CDK. Elevated levels of MMP-8 suggest a defensive role for this MMP in inflammatory reactions associated with recurring corneal traumas. Decreased expression of TIMP-1 in CDK patients suggest deficient antiproteolytic shield likely to render the corneas of CDK patients vulnerable to enhanced MMPs. Overall, these data suggest a mechanistic link between MMPs and TIMP-1 level in cornea and tears with corneal scarring in CDK. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Conjunctival and corneal findings in bleb-associated endophthalmitis: an in vivo confocal microscopy study

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: In vivo confocal microscopy proved valuable in the analysis of conjunctival bleb and cornea in patients affected with delayed onset BAE, permitting an evaluation of the course of the disease, the response to therapy and the modulation of dose regimen. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Prevalence and causes of visual impairment in a rural North-east China adult population: a population-based survey in Bin County, Harbin

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Visual impairment was a serious public health problem in this rural population, with most of it easily remedied. Results highlighted the need for visual impairment prevention programs to an increasing number of elderly people, with a special emphasis on female and those with little or no education. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Immunohistochemical assessment of mitotic count in uveal melanoma

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: MF were more easily identified following immunohistochemical staining with anti-PHH3. This resulted in higher mitotic counts than obtained with H&E sections. For PHH3, the mitotic count determined by a MA was virtually the same as those obtained by an experienced pathologist. PHH3 is now routinely used in our centre, and new prognostic thresholds for uveal melanoma will be defined in further studies. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Definition of high myopia by parapapillary atrophy. The Beijing Eye Study

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Socioeconomic status and delayed presentation in rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Investigation of the role of neutralizing antibodies against bevacizumab as mediators of tachyphylaxis

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Performance of the rebound, noncontact and Goldmann applanation tonometers in routine clinical practice

Acta Ophthalmologica — Mon, 09 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusions: The rebound and noncontact tonometer behaved similarly when used to measure IOP taking GAT measurements as the reference standard. Neither tonometer fulfilled ISO 8612 requirements. Both were similarly influenced by CCT. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Corneal hysteresis measured with the Ocular Response Analyzer® in normal and glaucomatous eyes

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 06 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Purpose: To identify differences in corneal hysteresis (CH) and central corneal thickness (CCT) between healthy and glaucomatous patients.Methods: Retrospective observational study. One hundred and thirty-three eyes of 75 healthy and 58 glaucomatous patients were included. CH was measured in each patient using Ocular Response Analyzer. CCT was determined by ultrasonic pachymetry. For each patient, one eye was randomly selected. We used a Student t-test to search for significant differences between the different groups (p (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

The possible role of systemic azithromycin for idiopathic iridocyclitis

Acta Ophthalmologica — Thu, 05 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Simultaneous measurement of intraocular pressure in the anterior chamber and the vitreous cavity

Acta Ophthalmologica — Sat, 31 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Cannulation of the anterior chamber measures the actual IOP; however, the IOP measured by cannulation in the vitreous cavity using the same catheter diameter was different, possibly because of the viscosity of the vitreous. The viscosity of the vitreous probably makes the cannulation method of IOP evaluation in the vitreous cavity inaccurate. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Reading ability and stereoacuity with combined implantation of refractive and diffractive multifocal intraocular lenses

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The combined implantation of refractive and diffractive multifocal IOLs was effective in improving reading ability and near stereoacuity with a good visual quality. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

A case of chronic ocular irritation associated with progressive corneal opacification

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Gallium scintigraphy in the investigation of retinal inflammatory vasculopathy

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Azathioprine and prednisone combination treatment for adult periocular and orbital xanthogranulomatous disease

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In adult periocular and orbital xanthogranuloma, combined treatment with prednisone and azathioprine yields adequate immunosuppression, often for a prolonged period of time. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Influence of suture regularity on corneal astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The origin of corneal astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty is multifaceted. Regular stitch length and stitch advancement on the surface appears to improve the optical quality of the graft after suture removal. Factors such as stitch depth, suture tension and variations in wound construction might also be important predictors of corneal astigmatism after penetrating keratoplasty. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Histopathological examination of internal limiting membrane surface after scraping with diamond-dusted membrane scraper

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

The effect of prostaglandin analogues on central corneal thickness of patients with chronic open-angle glaucoma: a 2-year study on 129 eyes

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The possibility of corneal thickening under prolonged, local prostaglandin treatment should be investigated further. However, in clinical practice, CCT changes may sometimes influence intraocular pressure measurements significantly. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Estimation accuracy of surgically induced astigmatism on the cornea when neglecting the posterior corneal surface measurement

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Neglecting the posterior corneal surface measurement may lead to significant deviation in the corneal SIA estimation after phacoemulsification in a proportion of eyes. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

The Impact of Cataract Surgery questionnaire: re-evaluation using Rasch analysis

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In its present form, the ICS is unsuitable for visual disability assessment in patients awaiting cataract surgery. Other, better visual function questionnaires are available and preferred. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Anthropomorphic measurements and general and ocular parameters in adult Chinese: the Beijing Eye Study

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: In adult Chinese, body height is associated with higher level of education, higher income, lower systolic blood pressure, higher diastolic blood pressure and lower body mass index, in addition to living in an urban region and being male. From an ophthalmic point of view, tall individuals had deeper anterior chambers. There was a tendency towards lower body height and marked hyperopia. Because the socioeconomic, systemic and ocular parameters examined influence the occurrence and therapy of ocular diseases, these data may be helpful in the assessment of risk factors and in the diagnosis and treatment of ocular diseases. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Cloning and characterization of human vitreous tissue-derived cells

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: The new human vitreous tissue-derived cells have macrophage-like characteristics and are different from our previously developed porcine hyalocyte cells. These human vitreous tissue-derived cells might be useful for studies of human intraocular diseases. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Treatment of congenital esotropia with botulinum toxin type A

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

Conclusion: Botulinum toxin type A injections into the medial recti muscles are a valuable alternative to conventional strabismus surgery. (Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Necrotic retinal pigment epithelium in toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)

Permanent visual loss secondary to airbag deployment

Acta Ophthalmologica — Fri, 30 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100

(Source: Acta Ophthalmologica)