Adicciones via MedWorm.com MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Adicciones' source. Sun, 01 Nov 2009 16:21:48 +0100 [Spice drugs: cannabinoids as a new designer drugs.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2752784&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19718488%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mustata C, Torrens M, Pardo R, Pérez C, Group TP, Farré M Some smokable herbal mixtures under the brand name Spice drugs have been sold on the Internet and in specialised shops (smart shops) since 2004. The mixtures are advertised as an exotic incense blend which releases a rich aroma and not for human consumption. When smoked, Spice drugs products have been reported by products have been reported by some users to have effects similar to those of cannabis. Spice drugs have received intensive attention in drug forums due to the possibility to obtain a non legal substitute of cannabis. Forensic analyses have found different potent synthetic cannabinoid agonists in some Spice drugs products, as JWH-018, CP 47497, JWH-073 and HU-210. There are few data about its pharmaco... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2752784 Wed, 02 Sep 2009 04:12:03 +0100 2752784 [Empirical study of the Planned Behavior Theory variables as risk factors for cocaine use in three different groups.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2752783&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19718489%26dopt%3DAbstract This study highlights the importance of attitudes and subjective norm in the explanation of current cocaine use, but especially the function of perceived behavioral control as a risk factor that should be taken into account in the design of preventive strategies. PMID: 19718489 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2752783 Wed, 02 Sep 2009 04:12:03 +0100 2752783 [Reliability and validity of the Spanish adaptation of the brief form of the Cocaine Craving Questionnaire-Now (CCQ-N-10).] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2752782&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19718490%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The Spanish adaptation of the CCQ-N-10 shows metric adequacy, and can be considered as a suitable assessment instrument in relation to cocaineuse disorders. PMID: 19718490 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2752782 Wed, 02 Sep 2009 04:12:03 +0100 2752782 [Alcoholism prevention and alcohol advertising investment in Spain: David versus Goliath.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2752781&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19718491%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Alcohol advertising expenditure remains high in Spain, with young people as a primary target. In contrast, there is only modest investment in preventive advertising. Regulatory measures are necessary with a view to protecting populations especially susceptible to uncontrolled consumption. PMID: 19718491 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2752781 Wed, 02 Sep 2009 04:12:03 +0100 2752781 [Attitudinal changes and reduction of alcohol use in adolescents following a psychosocial intervention program.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2752780&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19718492%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moral Jiménez Mde L, Rodríguez Díaz FJ, Ovejero Bernal A, Sirvent Ruiz C Experimentation with alcohol constitutes a problem on the increase among young people in recent years, and mean age at first consumption has fallen. The goal of the present work was to carry out an exploratory study of attitudes toward alcohol use in terms of three dimensions (cognitive, affective and behavioural) in a sample of 755 secondary school pupils from the Principality of Asturias (Spain). Subsequently, we selected a sample of 141 adolescents described as at risk in view of their more permissive attitudes in relation to their lower age level (mean= 14.24 years), with the aim of applying a socio-educational preventive programme that included follow-up assessments at two, seven and t... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2752780 Wed, 02 Sep 2009 04:12:03 +0100 2752780 [Psychometric analysis of the Spanish version of the Brief Sexual Function Inventory (BSFI) in a male drug abuse sample.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2752779&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19718493%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vallejo-Medina P, Guillén-Riquelme A, Sierra JC It is well known that there is a lack of psychometric studies testing sexual function in drug-dependent population. Thus, the main objective of this work was to carry out the first psychometric analysis of the Brief Sexual Functioning Inventory (BSFI) in a sample of drug users (N = 104). Participants filled out the BSFI, Changes in Sexual Functioning Questionnaire (CSFQ-14) and Addictive Behavior Questionnaire (ABQ). The BSFI shows a five-factor structure similar to the original (Sexual drive, α = .75; Satisfaction, α = .63; Erectile function, α = .70; Ejaculatory function, α = .74; and Problem Assessment, α = .70), though compared to the original scale two items are loading in a ... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2752779 Wed, 02 Sep 2009 04:12:03 +0100 2752779 [Aggregate level beverage specific effect of alcohol sale on myocardial infarction mortality rate.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2752778&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19718494%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: the results of the present study suggest a positive relation between vodka sale and myocardial infarction mortality rate at aggregate level and support the hypothesis that binge drinking of strong spirits is a risk factor of myocardial infarction at the individual level. Thus, from a public policy point of view, the outcome of this study suggests that cardiovascularrelated mortality prevention programs should put more focus on addressing alcohol consumption structure. PMID: 19718494 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2752778 Wed, 02 Sep 2009 04:12:03 +0100 2752778 [Use of stimulants and drugs of abuse in sport: the Italian experience.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2752777&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19718495%26dopt%3DAbstract This study presents the data obtained in tests carried out in the period 2003- 2007 at the Antidoping Laboratory of Rome, on 44781 samples analysed. The methods used are those developed by the Laboratory for routine antidoping analyses. The percentage of positive test results ranges from 1.1 to 2%, with a high incidence of stimulants and drugs of abuse. The substance most frequently found is THC metabolite, which accounts for 0.2-0.4% of the total, followed by cocaine metabolites, accounting for 0.1%. Other stimulants found are ephedrines, carphedon, modafinil, and anorexic compounds such as phendimetrazine and norfenfluramine. No amphetamines or amphetaminelike designer drugs have been detected. These data may be indicative of the widespread incidence of cocaine and cannabis abuse among t... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2752777 Wed, 02 Sep 2009 04:12:03 +0100 2752777 [Resistance to peer and partner pressure and tobacco and alcohol use among adolescents.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2752776&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19718496%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Based on these results, the aim is to develop an addiction prevention program for public high school pupils in Mexico City. PMID: 19718496 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2752776 Wed, 02 Sep 2009 04:12:03 +0100 2752776 [How bad is accelerated senescence in consumers of drugs of abuse?] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2581118&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19578726%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carvalho F The aging or senescence process that follows maturation is characterized by time-related functional decline due to genetic, biochemical, physiological and anatomical degeneration in tissues and organ systems with time. Oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the heart and brain is inversely related to maximum life span of mammals, suggesting that accumulation of mtDNA damage is involved in the various disorders associated with aging, cancer and neurodegeneration. The suppression of stem/progenitor cell proliferation also contributes to the aging process, by reducing tissue regeneration and repair and ultimately reducing longevity. Another important factor is the intracellular deposition of lipofuscin granules (age pigment), a non-degradable polymeric materi... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2581118 Wed, 08 Jul 2009 21:16:02 +0100 2581118 [Influence of personality disorders and consumption patterns on the efficacy of a relapse-prevention program for the treatment of alcoholism.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2581117&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19578727%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Martínez-González JM, Graña Gómez JL, Trujillo Mendoza HM The purpose of this study is to analyze to efficacy of a cognitive-behavioral treatment program, in individual and group format, for people with alcohol problems, and to determine the role of some personality variables in the process of therapeutic recovery. The sample was made up of 80 patients diagnosed as alcoholics, 83.8 % of whom were men (n = 67) and 16.3 % were women (n = 13). Mean age was 42.73 years, with a standard deviation of 9.63 years. Basically, we found a high incidence of obsessive-compulsive personality disorder and consumption patterns that change as a function of the presence or absence of personality disorders. We also observed that the results varied in relation to physiological... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2581117 Wed, 08 Jul 2009 21:16:02 +0100 2581117 [Impact of a training in brief intervention. Differences in the hospital approach of tobacco and alcohol consumption.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2581116&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19578728%26dopt%3DAbstract Discussion: Before and after training, health professionals hardly intervene in patients with alcohol or tobacco consumption even we observed higher detection and assist for alcohol risk consumption. It is necessary to examine other barriers to the application of the knowledge gained. PMID: 19578728 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2581116 Wed, 08 Jul 2009 21:16:02 +0100 2581116 [Neuropsychological profile in cocaine addiction: issues about addict's social environment and predictive value of cognitive status in therapeutic outcomes.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2581115&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19578729%26dopt%3DAbstract This study analyses the neuropsychological profile of a sample of cocaine addicts and compares it with a control group from the same social environment. Also, it explores the predictive power of some neuropsychological tests on treatment outcome six months after the exploration. Participants and method. We administered a neuropsychological battery to 30 patients with a diagnosis of cocaine abuse or cocaine dependence, and to 30 control participants with no history of drug abuse from the same social environment. Results. Verbal learning (p<0.001), immediate visual memory (p<0.05), attentional resources management (p<0.05), phonologic fluency (p<0.01), abstraction (p<0.001), complex problem-solving (p<0.05) and mental flexibility (p<0.05) are the functions most affected ... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2581115 Wed, 08 Jul 2009 21:16:02 +0100 2581115 [Christmas work dinners. A pattern of recreational use of alcohol and other drugs?] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2581114&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19578730%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vidal-Infer A, Tomás-Dols S, Aguilar-Moya R, Samper-Gras T, Zarza M, Aguilar-Serrano J The aim of this study was to develop an exploratory approach to characterizing the pattern of recreational abuse of alcohol and other drugs abuse at Christmas work dinners. An adaptation of the rapid assessment methodology RARE was carried out through the combination of quantitative (rapid assessment surveys, n=444) and qualitative (observations and semistructured interviews, n=8) techniques. The fieldwork was carried out at 13 restaurants in Valencia and Alicante (Spain) in December 2007. In general we observed a marked increase in the use of alcohol and other substances compared to the rest of the year, though restaurant staff perceived a decrease in alcohol abuse attributable to new ... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2581114 Wed, 08 Jul 2009 21:16:02 +0100 2581114 [Benzodiazepine use in a sample of patients on a treatment program with opiate derivatives (PTDO).] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2581113&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19578731%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions; BZ-use data and their relationship to time spent on methadone are similar to those of other published studies. Despite the recommendation to use long half-life BZ in patients with substance abuse disorders, it is striking that in the case studied here the most widely prescribed type is alprazolam. PMID: 19578731 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2581113 Wed, 08 Jul 2009 21:16:02 +0100 2581113 [Relationship between physical self-concept and alcohol and tobacco use behaviours in adolescents.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2581112&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19578732%26dopt%3DAbstract This study shows the relevance of the belief that smoking is associated with good body image and that sport is practiced to improve physical appearance. PMID: 19578732 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2581112 Wed, 08 Jul 2009 21:16:02 +0100 2581112 [Spanish version of the Dysexecutive Questionnaire (DEX-Sp): psychometric properties in addicts and non-clinical sample.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2581111&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19578733%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: The data suggest that the Spanish version of the DEX is a useful measure for assessing general symptoms of dysexecutive syndrome, and a valid, reliable and adequate screening test for estimating cognitive impairment associated with substance abuse. PMID: 19578733 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2581111 Wed, 08 Jul 2009 21:16:02 +0100 2581111 [Concomitant lithium and methadone treatment in a bipolar patient: a case report.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2581110&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19578734%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Roncero C, López-Ortiz C, Barral C, Sáez-Francàs N, Rovira M, Casas M Dual diagnosis requires complex therapeutic approaches to adapt treatment to the dual nature of the problem. It is important to understand the drug effects and the drug interactions that may be observed during the integral treatment of these pathologies. Given the scarcity of data on the effects of lithium and methadone treatment, the aim of this clinical case report is to explain the interactions produced between methadone and lithium carbonate, in a female patient with medical multi-pathology, opioid-dependent and with comorbid bipolar disorder, who was treated with both drugs. The most common adverse effects for each drug are described. Drug interactions and temporal correspondence of the t... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2581110 Wed, 08 Jul 2009 21:16:02 +0100 2581110 [Policies for the prevention of addictive substance use and the responsibility of professionals.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302871&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19333518%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ramón Villalbí J, Gual A Professionals treating persons with addictions must work with the individual characteristics of each case. However, collective aspects shape consumption at the population level and also the personal frequency of exposure which influences the development of dependence. Among factors influencing consumption, some may be modified by regulations or public policies. Most important are those related to substance availability, social acceptability of use, promotion, price, and treatment availability. This editorial discusses actors favouring and opposing the adoption of preventive policies, the contexts in which they are discussed, and the potential role of professionals and their organisations. PMID: 19333518 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adic... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302871 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:45:19 +0100 2302871 [Alcohol and adolescent brain.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302870&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19333519%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cadaveira Mahía F Binge Drinking (BD) pattern is firmly established among adolescents and young people. This pattern has raised a strong concern within the neuroscience community due to its possible impact on specific brain regions still maturing. Research with animal models demonstrates that BD may have serious structural and functional effects during these ages. Some regions like the prefrontal cortex or the hippocampus and the cognitive processes in which these structures play a role seem to be specific targets of alcohol. Results provided by the scarce studies carried out in humans support the evidence from previous animal experiments. However, we are far from being able to answer if this pattern of consumption has a special effect in the adolescent brain and what the... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302870 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:45:19 +0100 2302870 [Group psychotherapy for prevention of relapses in alcoholism compared to standard outpatient follow-up.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302869&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19333520%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Group Therapy for Relapse Prevention is effective, easy to apply in the outpatient context and obtains better rates of abstinence than standard outpatient treatment at the one-year follow-up. PMID: 19333520 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302869 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:45:19 +0100 2302869 [Addictive substance use among first-year university students.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302868&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19333521%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: In this sample women and men have different perceptions about tobacco. Level of tolerance and permissiveness with regard to alcohol contributes to the fact that young people perceive less risk in relation smoking. Starting smoking tobacco early may make the use of alcohol and other drugs more likely. PMID: 19333521 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302868 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:45:19 +0100 2302868 [Personality disorder dimensions of MCMI-II in treated substance addicts.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302867&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19333522%26dopt%3DAbstract Discussion: Results show that a wide proportion of the variance in the MCMI-II is better explained by recent changes than stable traits and their extreme combinations. As these results are obtained in substance addict population, it is suggested part of which the MCMI-II measures can be referred to changes in personality. These changes may be associated to inadequate answers to stressful environmental factors. They can be also associated to changes in brain functions due to direct or indirect influences of substances on brain locations. PMID: 19333522 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302867 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:45:19 +0100 2302867 [The school and family risk factors in attendance at family-based programmes for the prevention of drug use.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302866&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19333523%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Al-Halabí Díaz S, Errasti Pérez JM, Fernández Hermida JR Several studies have indicated that certain aspects of schools may influence parents decision to participate in preventive interventions related to the health of their children. Objectives: 1) To study the relationship between parental rating of calls for participation sent from the school and family risk factors. 2) To study differences in parents attendance and drop-out for a family-based drug-use prevention programme according to their rating of the calls for participation sent out by the school. Sample: 339 families of children aged 12-14 from 3 state (public) secondary schools in the region of Asturias (Spain). Results and conclusions: It is noteworthy that parents with higher educational level p... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302866 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:45:19 +0100 2302866 [Substance use in adolescents: The role of stress, impulsivity, and schemas related to lack of limits.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302865&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19333524%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Calvete E, Estévez A The aim of this study was to assess the association between stress, cognitive schemas, impulsivity, and substance use in adolescents. A sample of 657 adolescents (367 girls and 290 boys) completed measures of stressful life events, cognitive schemas of grandiosity and insufficient self-control, impulsive style of problem-solving and substance use. The results indicated that stressful life events and the cognitive schemas were significantly associated with substance use. In addition, the impulsive style of problem-solving moderated the relationship between stressors and substance use, this association being stronger among more impulsive adolescents. Finally, the results indicated that boys scored higher on Grandiosity and on the use of marijuana, cocai... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302865 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:45:19 +0100 2302865 [Cocaine addiction and personality disorders: a study with the MCMI-II.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302864&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19333525%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lorea I, Fernández-Montalvo J, López-Goñi JJ, Landa N This paper explores the personality disorders most commonly related to cocaine addiction. The samples used were 60 cocaine-addicted patients, who were assessed with the MCMI-II before treatment, and 50 normative participants from the general population with the same demographic features (age, sex and socioeconomic level). According to the results, 36.7% of the clinical sample (versus 16% of the normative sample) showed at least one personality disorder. The most prevalent disorders in the cocaine sample were Passive-Aggressive Personality Disorder and Dependent Personality Disorder (10% in each case), followed by Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder and Histrionic Personality Disorder (6.7% each). Moreov... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302864 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:45:19 +0100 2302864 [The methodology of Data Mining. An application to alcohol consumption in teenagers.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302863&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19333526%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gervilla García E, Jiménez López R, Montaño Moreno JJ, Sesé Abad A, Cajal Blasco B, Palmer Pol A This paper is aimed mainly at making researchers in the field of drug addictions aware of a methodology of data analysis aimed at knowledge discovery in databases (KDD). KDD is a process consisting of a series of phases, the most characteristic of which is called data mining (DM), whereby different modelling techniques are applied in order to detect patterns and relationships among the data. Common and differentiating factors between the most widely used DM techniques are analysed, mainly from a methodological viewpoint, and their use is exemplified using data related to alcohol consumption in teenagers and its possible relationship with personality variabl... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302863 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:45:19 +0100 2302863 [Transitions in drug abuse in Colombia.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2302862&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D19333527%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pérez Gómez A Transitions in drug abuse (going from one substance to another and from one form of administration to another) has been scarcely studied in Latin America. In this project 96 people in treatment, aged 14 to 50, were interviewed in seven Colombian cities. Five kinds of transition were identified: general, cumulative, substitutive, reverse and negative, occurring at nine different points; 113 transitional patterns (combinations of two substances) were found, 23 common to men and women, 10 exclusive to women and 80 exclusive to men. Contrary to all expectations, 21 cases of heroin users appeared in this sample, mainly among upper- and middle-class users, more in men than in women, and in very young people: 11 out of 21 were under 20 years of age. The 10 mai... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2302862 Mon, 06 Apr 2009 19:45:19 +0100 2302862 [Personality differences between substance addicts and general population. Study of clinical cases with matched controls using Cloninger's TCI-R.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1833835&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18818855%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: Data strongly suggest that observed differences are not previous, but consecutive to the addiction, it being apparent that the effects of the substances and the psychosocial conditions associated with their consumption are what exacerbates or blocks development of the traits. Findings are related to studies linking these variables with neuropsychological functions, and the inclusion of this neuropsychological perspective is strongly proposed for application to the assessment and treatment of addictive disorders. PMID: 18818855 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1833835 Sat, 27 Sep 2008 17:08:37 +0100 1833835 Recent developments in overall alcohol consumption and high risk drinking: a case for effective population level interventions in Canada. http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1830155&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18813768%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Giesbrecht N There is growing evidence of extensive damage from alcohol to chronic disease, trauma, social problems and high economic costs. In a number of countries there has been an increase in consumption and/or high risk drinking in recent years. However, it appears that in many context alcohol management is not yet of high priority. Canada has experienced several developments in recent years: a gradual increase in overall consumption, an increase in high risk drinking, more extensive marketing and promotion of alcoholic beverages, and easier access to alcohol. Survey data for Canada, and for Ontario, the most populous province, indicate that the proportion drinking 5+ per occasion has increased since the mid-1990s. Overall, alcohol-related harm has been conservatively est... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1830155 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 18:16:54 +0100 1830155 Is alcohol really good for health? http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1830154&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18813769%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Guardia Serecigni J Several observational follow-up studies about cardiovascular health have found an overlap between moderate drinking and lower mortality from coronary heart disease and other causes. However, such studies have serious methodological limitations. Most non-drinkers were in fact ex-drinkers, that is, people who had had to stop drinking for health reasons. Other variables that may play a decisive role in cardiovascular risk, such as tobacco smoking, exercise and body mass index, were not evaluated, and changes in drinking habits were not assessed periodically. Due to the methodological limitations of these studies, the findings suggest a statistical association but not a causality relationship between moderate alcohol consumption and lower risk of mortality. Fur... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1830154 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 18:16:54 +0100 1830154 [Alcoholic and cocaine-dependent women: a comparative study from a qualitative perspective] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1830153&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18813770%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Drug abuse has specific social repercussions that should be taken into account in the establishment of appropriate help mechanisms. PMID: 18813770 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1830153 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 18:16:54 +0100 1830153 [High-dose methadone detoxification in a hospital unit. Clinical experience] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1830152&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18813771%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ochoa E, Salvador E, Madoz-Gúrpide A, Lázaro M The increase in opiate addicts in treatment with methadone, coupled with improved survival of HIV patients, has meant an increase in the demand for detoxification from this substance in our environment. It is common practice in hospital detoxification units to request a maximum dose of methadone (around 40 mg) on beginning detoxification treatment. However this is not always possible, due to the time needed for a gradual decrease for outpatients making daily visits to the methadone dispensing centres, due to the appearance of withdrawal symptoms, or because the patient starts out from very high doses of methadone. Reported here is an experience with 22 inpatients who over the last two years underwent detoxification from ... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1830152 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 18:16:54 +0100 1830152 [Efficacy of oxcarbazepine treatment in patients diagnosed with cocaine abuse/dependence] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1830151&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18813772%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: Oxcarbazepine is effective in reducing impulsivity and craving in relation to cocaine. Thus, we recommend high initial doses of oxcarbazepine in patients with high impulsivity prior to treatment. PMID: 18813772 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1830151 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 18:16:54 +0100 1830151 [Prefrontal activity and weekend alcoholism in the young] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1830150&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18813773%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The findings indicate that intermittent alcohol binge drinking, either heavy or moderate, in young people results in poorer performance in neuropsychological tasks such as Digits, Corsi or Stroop, which depend on correct PC functioning. Our results support the claim that the binge pattern of exposure to ethanol leads to neurocognitive and neurobehavioural impairment equivalent, in many respects, to that found in chronic drinkers. Moreover, intermittent heavy alcohol drinking in adolescence and early adulthood increases the risks of lifetime alcohol dependence and other psychopathologies. PMID: 18813773 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1830150 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 18:16:54 +0100 1830150 [Injection Drug User Quality of Life scale (IDUQoL): psychometric assessment of the Spanish version] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1830149&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18813774%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: The findings from this study provide evidence to support the use of the IDUQoL as a specific quality of life instrument in the addictive disorders context, and confirm its appropriate characteristics in the Spanish adaptation. PMID: 18813774 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1830149 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 18:16:54 +0100 1830149 [Preliminary study on detox in outpatient care units with 18 alcoholic patients in Directly Observed Treatment.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1830148&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18813775%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this work is to check whether a UCA-CAB (Centre for Addictive Behaviour) can achieve detox and reduce the risk of early relapse (up to 12 weeks) in alcoholic patients. All patients had an established organic addiction and serious withdrawal syndrome, and had undergone multiple previous treatments. Furthermore, they had not managed to abstain for a 3-month consecutive period over the previous 2 years. The aim of the Directly Observed Treatment was to attain detox and reduce relapse by following a multi-method approach: medical, psychological and personal care, based on a brief daily consultation and pharmacological supervision. The results were as follows: Of the 18 patients included in the study, after 12 weeks, 13 (72 %) were still abstinent and 4 (22 %) had relapsed. Thu... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1830148 Fri, 26 Sep 2008 18:16:54 +0100 1830148 [The genetics of addictions] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1656111&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551222%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ibañez Cuadrado A The addictions are common chronic psychiatric diseases which represent a serious worldwide public-health problem. They have a high prevalence and negative effects at individual, family and societal level, with a high sanitary cost. Epidemiological genetic research has revealed that addictions are moderately to highly heritable. Also the investigation has evidenced that environmental and genetic factors contribute to individual differences in vulnerability to addictions. Advances in the neurobiology of addiction joined to the development of new molecular genetic technologies, have led to the identification of a variety of underlying genes and pathways in addiction process, leading to the description of common molecular mechanisms in substance and behaviou... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1656111 Sat, 26 Jul 2008 13:41:40 +0100 1656111 [Immunotherapies for drug addictions] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1656110&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551223%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Montoya I Immunotherapies in the form of vaccines (active immunization) or monoclonal antibodies (passive immunization) appear safe and a promising treatment approaches for some substance-related disorders. The mechanism of action of the antibody therapy is by preventing the rapid entry of drugs of abuse into the central nervous system. In theory, immunotherapies could have several clinical applications. Monoclonal antibodies may be useful to treat drug overdoses and prevent the neurotoxic effects of drugs by blocking the access of drugs to the brain. Vaccines may help to prevent the development of addiction, initiate drug abstinence in those already addicted to drugs, or prevent drug use relapse by reducing the pharmacological effects and rewarding properties of the drugs of ... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1656110 Sat, 26 Jul 2008 13:41:40 +0100 1656110 [Changes in emotional response to visual stimuli with sexual content in drug abusers] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1656109&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551224%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Aguilar de Arcos F, Verdejo Garcia A, Lopez Jimenez A, Montañez Pareja M, Gomez Juarez E, Arraez Sanchez F, Perez Garcia M In a phenomenon as complex as drug dependence there is no doubt that affective and emotional aspects are involved. However, there has been little research to date on these emotional aspects, especially in specific relation to everyday affective stimuli, unrelated to drug use. In this work we investigate whether the consumption of narcotic substances causes changes in the emotional response to powerful unconditional natural stimuli, such as those of a sexual nature. To this end, I.A.P.S. images with explicit erotic content were shown to 84 drug-dependent males, in separate groups according to preferred substance. These groups' results were compared wit... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1656109 Sat, 26 Jul 2008 13:41:40 +0100 1656109 [Evaluation of a training programme for health professionals on smoking cessation in hospitalized] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1656108&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551225%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to examine other barriers to the application of the knowledge gained. PMID: 18551225 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1656108 Sat, 26 Jul 2008 13:41:40 +0100 1656108 [Use and abuse of the Internet in university students] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1656107&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551226%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Garcia Del Castillo JA, Terol Mdel C, Nieto M, Lledo A, Sanchez S, Martin-Aragon M, Sitges E AIM: To adapt a questionnaire for assessing the use and abuse of Internet, as well as the relationship between this resource and psychosocial profile in a group of university students. METHOD: 391 students filled out the questionnaires; 26.1% were men and 73.9% were women, with a mean age of 19.59 years (DT = +/- 2.83; Range: 18-47 years). We used a sociodemographic questionnaire, Social skills questionnaire (Caballo, 1993, EMES-C and EMES-M), Personality questionnaire (E.P.I., Eysenck and Eysenck, 1982), and an Internet and Use and Abuse of Internet questionnaire (adapted from Bruner, 1997, Suler, 1996 and Young, 1996a, Garcia del Castillo y Terol, 2007). RESULTS: 73.91 % of students ... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1656107 Sat, 26 Jul 2008 13:41:40 +0100 1656107 [Personality profile in alcoholic inpatients by TCI questionnaire. Differences between abusers and non abusers of benzodiazepines and between patients with personality disorders and patients without] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1656106&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551227%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: BZD-abusing patients are less mature and self-sufficient, more impressionable, insecure, and have a high tendency to avoid risk. Patients with PD are more impulsive and less cooperative. The characteristics found with TCI are coherent with the difficulties of these patients during treatment and with clinical impressions. These problematic areas should become therapeutic targets to be modified through treatment. For all of these reasons the TCI emerges as a useful instrument for understanding, assessing and identifying alcoholic patients and their treatment needs. PMID: 18551227 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1656106 Sat, 26 Jul 2008 13:41:40 +0100 1656106 [Respondent-Driven Sampling: a new sampling method to study visible and hidden populations] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1656105&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551229%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mantecón A, Juan M, Calafat A, Becoña E, Román E The paper introduces a variant of chain-referral sampling: respondent-driven sampling (RDS). This sampling method shows that methods based on network analysis can be combined with the statistical validity of standard probability sampling methods. In this sense, RDS appears to be a mathematical improvement of snowball sampling oriented to the study of hidden populations. However, we try to prove its validity with populations that are not within a sampling frame but can nonetheless be contacted without difficulty. The basics of RDS are explained through our research on young people (aged 14 to 25) who go clubbing, consume alcohol and other drugs, and have sex. Fieldwork was carried out between May and July 2007 in t... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1656105 Sat, 26 Jul 2008 13:41:40 +0100 1656105 [Cannabinoid system and feeding regulation] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1656104&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551230%26dopt%3DAbstract We present a review of current knowledge in this field and data from our own studies: genetic studies of this system in eating disorders and in obesity and studies of localization of cannabinoid receptors at sites related to feeding. These studies support a state of cannabinoid hyperactivity in obesity; furthermore, such hyperactivity can constitute a prognostic factor. PMID: 18551230 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1656104 Sat, 26 Jul 2008 13:41:40 +0100 1656104 [Psychological counselling and motivational psychotherapy in the treatment of drug dependence: assessment of interventions with the CEDRO Lugar de Escucha Program] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1656103&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551231%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present research is to assess perception of and levels of satisfaction with the Lugar de Escucha program, as well as its brief interventions using counseling and motivational sessions. The study is of a pre-experimental type, with a single-group pretest-posttest measurement design. The sample was made up of 128 participants (9.4% females and 90.6% males), aged 15 to 51 (mean= 23.65; standard deviation = 7.92), users of cannabis, cocaine base paste, cocaine, inhalants and alcohol who attended the program. Data collection was carried out using Attention Forms (FdA); the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale (URICA); the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (CST); and the Cases Follow-up Survey (ESC). In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the Lugar de Esc... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1656103 Sat, 26 Jul 2008 13:41:40 +0100 1656103 Harm-reduction for unwanted pregnancies and unwanted addictions: an instructive analogy. http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557243&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18299776%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Brewer C Addiction treatment aims to reduce the harm that addiction causes to individuals and society. However, many clinics, especially in the private sector, have ideological objections to using medico-pharmacological treatments and are often critical of other services that do offer pharmacological treatments. This situation contrasts sharply with the attitude of family planning (FP) clinics, even though they too aim to reduce harm. Ironically, the most anti-pharmacological clinics are often those which proclaim most loudly that addiction is a 'disease', while avoiding unwanted pregnancy, which is not usually seen as a disease, is widely and effectively achieved with medical techniques. FP clinics typically consider widely varying patterns of sexual behaviour, social context... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557243 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557243 [Damage connected with cocaine consumption: all we see is the tip of the iceberg] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557242&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18299777%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gómez CP, Barrera AB According to the European Drug and Drug Addiction Observatory, after Cannabis, Cocaine is the most widely used illegal drug in Europe. Awareness of the damage caused by consuming this substance is clear in some areas, while in others it may be ignored, underestimated or poorly dimensioned. The information systems that do exist almost certainly underestimate the number of deaths connected with cocaine. Apart from the potential the drug has to cause direct damage to different organs of the body, its consumption can lead to serious problems arising from other circumstances that are not always connected with this drug, including murders, traffic accidents and accidents at work, infectious diseases related to high-risk behaviour, and suicides. Cocaine is i... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557242 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557242 [Emergent dimensions for the construction of an opiate substitute treatment perception scale] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557241&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18299778%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lozano Rojas OM, Acedos Bilbao I, González Saiz F, Ballesta Gómez R The measurement of perception and satisfaction with opiate substitute treatment programmes has concentrated mainly on evaluating the properties of the service offered at treatment centres. Beyond the health-care context, these programmes need to become part of the patient's personal and social life for them to be followed. The purpose of this work is to offer a theoretical frame of reference for the construction of a scale for integral measurement of patient perception of opiate substitute treatments. A sample of 18 outpatient and residential patients in a buprenorphine pilot study, transferred from a methadone treatment programme, who showed indications of abandoning treatment, was given a semi-stru... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557241 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557241 [Emotional response to affective stimuli in subjects addicted to opiates engaged in controlled use as part of the P.E.P.S.A] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557240&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18299779%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: de Arcos FA, Verdejo García A, López Jiménez A, Montañez Pareja M, Gómez Juárez E, Arráez Sánchez F, Pérez García M The main objective of this study was to analyze emotional response to a set of everyday emotional visual stimuli unrelated to drug use. Two groups of prescribed opiate drug abusers (heroin+methadone vs. methadone-only groups) currently participating in the Andalusian Experimental Prescribed Drug Program (Programa Experimental de Prescripcion de Estupefacientes de Andalucia, PEPSA) were studied, and comparisons made between them, within them for different phases, and between them and a normative group of nonusers. For this purpose we used the I.C.E.R.E., an instrument based on the I.A.P.S. (International Affective ... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557240 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557240 [Which drugs are preferred for sex in nightlife recreational settings?] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557239&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18299780%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Calafat A, Juan M, Becoña E, Mantecón A Many people associate the use of alcohol and other drugs with sexuality. It is common to find that each drug is associated with a specific effect on sexuality. Weekend recreational nightlife settings are increasingly important places for the young, and frequented by them more and more in search of sex and drug-taking opportunities. In this research we are interested in the role the young attribute to recreational drugs with regard to their sexual practices. We interviewed a sample of 100 young people from four Spanish cities, using a questionnaire with both open and closed questions. Snowball sampling was used to find those who had had sexual experience, who had taken recreational drugs and who liked going to discos, bars, etc.... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557239 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557239 [Determinants of recovery from alcohol problems in treated and untreated individuals in a Spanish sample] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557238&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18299781%26dopt%3DAbstract This study compared the recovery process of two groups of alcohol abusers in Spain, one that had recovered with treatment and one that had recovered without treatment. Using advertisements and other recruitment strategies, 32 Spanish participants (16 treatment-seekers and 16 self-changers) were recruited, all of whom had had problems with alcohol consumption and had recovered 1 year or more previously. Participants were interviewed on a single occasion about their alcohol use history and recovery. Results showed that the two groups differed significantly in variables such as degree of dependence, type of recovery, and coping strategies used in the maintenance of recovery. As in previous research, pressure and support from the person's family and social circle played an important role in re... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557238 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557238 [Novelty-seeking: its relationship with vulnerability to addiction and stress] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557237&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18299782%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Nadal Alemany R There is considerable variation in individual vulnerability to addiction that may be related to personality factors. One of the most widely studied personality traits in relation to susceptibility to addiction has been novelty or sensation-seeking. In the present review we mainly analyze basic research data on the relationship between addiction and novelty-seeking. In animal models, this trait has been assessed mainly by means of motor activity in an inescapable novel environment. Thus, two typologies of rats have been established, the so-called LR (low-responders) and the HR (high-responders), which respectively show low and high levels of activity in a novel environment. HR animals are more sensitive to the motor-stimulating effects of various drugs, and show... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557237 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557237 Psychopathology of cocaine dependent patients in a therapeutic community. http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557236&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18299783%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: A positive CDI, a measure of difficulty in the management of complexities and poor social skills, may have treatment-matching implications, such as the selection of interventions targeted at interpersonal difficulties. Personality assessment should be considered in such patients. PMID: 18299783 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557236 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557236 [Positive and negative social representation of ecstasy among consumers in Coimbra (Portugal)] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557235&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18299784%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mendes FJ, Lomba L The positive and negative representations of ecstasy were studied in a sample of 223 young people who consumed ecstasy in the city of Coimbra, recruited using the snowball technique. With regard to negative representations they highlight the harmful effects on the brain, with regard to positive effects they highlight the pleasure associated with dancing. The consumers acknowledge the negative representations but consider the positive representations much more important. Rating of the positive representations does not vary according to frequency of consumption, number of pills consumed or whether or not they are polyconsumers. However, those with more negative representations show less abusive consumption patterns. Implications for prevention are discussed. ... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557235 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557235 [The genetics of addictions.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557234&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551222%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ibañez Cuadrado A The addictions are common chronic psychiatric diseases which represent a serious worldwide public-health problem. They have a high prevalence and negative effects at individual, family and societal level, with a high sanitary cost. Epidemiological genetic research has revealed that addictions are moderately to highly heritable. Also the investigation has evidenced that environmental and genetic factors contribute to individual differences in vulnerability to addictions. Advances in the neurobiology of addiction joined to the development of new molecular genetic technologies, have led to the identification of a variety of underlying genes and pathways in addiction process, leading to the description of common molecular mechanisms in substance and behaviou... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557234 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557234 [Immunotherapies for drug addictions.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557233&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551223%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Montoya I Immunotherapies in the form of vaccines (active immunization) or monoclonal antibodies (passive immunization) appear safe and a promising treatment approaches for some substance-related disorders. The mechanism of action of the antibody therapy is by preventing the rapid entry of drugs of abuse into the central nervous system. In theory, immunotherapies could have several clinical applications. Monoclonal antibodies may be useful to treat drug overdoses and prevent the neurotoxic effects of drugs by blocking the access of drugs to the brain. Vaccines may help to prevent the development of addiction, initiate drug abstinence in those already addicted to drugs, or prevent drug use relapse by reducing the pharmacological effects and rewarding properties of the drugs of ... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557233 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557233 [Changes in emotional response to visual stimuli with sexual content in drug abusers.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557232&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551224%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Aguilar de Arcos F, Verdejo Garcia A, Lopez Jimenez A, Montañez Pareja M, Gomez Juarez E, Arraez Sanchez F, Perez Garcia M In a phenomenon as complex as drug dependence there is no doubt that affective and emotional aspects are involved. However, there has been little research to date on these emotional aspects, especially in specific relation to everyday affective stimuli, unrelated to drug use. In this work we investigate whether the consumption of narcotic substances causes changes in the emotional response to powerful unconditional natural stimuli, such as those of a sexual nature. To this end, I.A.P.S. images with explicit erotic content were shown to 84 drug-dependent males, in separate groups according to preferred substance. These groups' results were compared wit... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557232 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557232 [Evaluation of a training programme for health professionals on smoking cessation in hospitalized.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557231&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551225%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: It is necessary to examine other barriers to the application of the knowledge gained. PMID: 18551225 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557231 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557231 [Use and abuse of the Internet in university students.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557230&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551226%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Garcia Del Castillo JA, Terol MD, Nieto M, Lledo A, Sanchez S, Martin-Aragon M, Sitges E Aim: To adapt a questionnaire for assessing the use and abuse of Internet, as well as the relationship between this resource and psychosocial profile in a group of university students. Method: 391 students filled out the questionnaires; 26.1% were men and 73.9% were women, with a mean age of 19.59 years (DT = +/- 2.83; Range: 18-47 years). We used a sociodemographic questionnaire, Social skills questionnaire (Caballo, 1993, EMES-C and EMES-M), Personality questionnaire (E.P.I., Eysenck and Eysenck, 1982), and an Internet and Use and Abuse of Internet questionnaire (adapted from Bruner, 1997, Suler, 1996 and Young, 1996a, Garcia del Castillo y Terol, 2007). Results: 73.91 % of students conn... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557230 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557230 [Personality profile in alcoholic inpatients by TCI questionnaire. Differences between abusers and non abusers of benzodiazepines and between patients with personality disorders and patients without.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557229&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551227%26dopt%3DAbstract Conclusions: BZD-abusing patients are less mature and self-sufficient, more impressionable, insecure, and have a high tendency to avoid risk. Patients with PD are more impulsive and less cooperative. The characteristics found with TCI are coherent with the difficulties of these patients during treatment and with clinical impressions. These problematic areas should become therapeutic targets to be modified through treatment. For all of these reasons the TCI emerges as a useful instrument for understanding, assessing and identifying alcoholic patients and their treatment needs. PMID: 18551227 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557229 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557229 [Internet and cell phone addiction: passing fad or disorder?] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557228&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551228%26dopt%3DAbstract This article deals with the maladaptive use of these technologies. By reviewing the literature published between 1991 and 2005 and indexed in the databases of PsycINFO, Medline, Psicodoc, IME, and ISOC, we aim to determine whether maladaptive use of these technologies can be considered a mental disorder, and if so, of which type. We describe the psychological phenomena of maladaptive use of the internet and mobile phones, we review research on prevalence and possible risk groups, and finally we discuss some of the criticisms made with regard to the existence and classification of this disorder. It is concluded that excessive use of the internet can lead to a mental disorder of the addictive type, which can particularly affect individuals with special emotional needs, as well as adolescents... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557228 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557228 [Respondent-Driven Sampling: a new sampling method to study visible and hidden populations.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557227&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551229%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mantecon A, Juan M, Calafat A, Becoña E, Roman E The paper introduces a variant of chain-referral sampling: respondent-driven sampling (RDS). This sampling method shows that methods based on network analysis can be combined with the statistical validity of standard probability sampling methods. In this sense, RDS appears to be a mathematical improvement of snowball sampling oriented to the study of hidden populations. However, we try to prove its validity with populations that are not within a sampling frame but can nonetheless be contacted without difficulty. The basics of RDS are explained through our research on young people (aged 14 to 25) who go clubbing, consume alcohol and other drugs, and have sex. Fieldwork was carried out between May and July 2007 in three Spani... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557227 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557227 [Cannabinoid system and feeding regulation.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557226&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551230%26dopt%3DAbstract We present a review of current knowledge in this field and data from our own studies: genetic studies of this system in eating disorders and in obesity and studies of localization of cannabinoid receptors at sites related to feeding. These studies support a state of cannabinoid hyperactivity in obesity; furthermore, such hyperactivity can constitute a prognostic factor. PMID: 18551230 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557226 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557226 [Psychological counselling and motivational psychotherapy in the treatment of drug dependence: assessment of interventions with the CEDRO Lugar de Escucha Program.] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557225&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18551231%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present research is to assess perception of and levels of satisfaction with the Lugar de Escucha program, as well as its brief interventions using counseling and motivational sessions. The study is of a pre-experimental type, with a single-group pretest-posttest measurement design. The sample was made up of 128 participants (9.4% females and 90.6% males), aged 15 to 51 (mean= 23.65; standard deviation = 7.92), users of cannabis, cocaine base paste, cocaine, inhalants and alcohol who attended the program. Data collection was carried out using Attention Forms (FdA); the University of Rhode Island Change Assessment Scale (URICA); the Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire (CST); and the Cases Follow-up Survey (ESC). In order to evaluate the effectiveness of the Lugar de Esc... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557225 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557225 [Abstracts of the XXXV National Meeting on Socio-Drug-Alcohol, April 2008, Coruna, Spain] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557224&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18581645%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 18581645 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557224 Tue, 01 Jul 2008 11:59:44 +0100 1557224 [What we drink when we drink? The role of the acetaldehyde in the alcohol consumption] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557278&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17687877%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sanchis C, Aragón CM Although ethyl alcohol (ethanol) is the most widely consumed drug in the Western society, ethanol mechanisms of action in the Central Nervous System (CNS) remain unknown. In consequence, the development of pharmacological strategies to treat excessive alcohol consumption and alcoholism has proven to be difficult. A major difficulty in those attempts arises from the molecular properties of ethanol, which do not allow a sterocomplementary binding to any known receptor. Therefore, over the last years, it has been proposed that a large number of effects observed alter ethanol administration/consumption might be actually mediated by its first metabolite, namely acetaldehyde, produced inside the CNS via catalase activity. Nowadays, a large number of evidenc... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557278 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557278 [Strengthening family interventions for the prevention of substance abuse in children of addicted parents] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557277&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17687878%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kumpfer KL, Johnson JL The scientific literature consistently reports that while children of substance abusers may be at biological, psychological, or environmental risk, the effects of these risks can be abbreviated through the use of effective interventions and treatments. Research has consistently demonstrated reductions in family and child dysfunction when effective family intervention programs are consistently utilized. While a number of effective family-based approaches have been developed and evaluated, only a few have been designed specifically for children of substance abusing parents. Just two have been tested in randomized control trials -The Streghtening Families Program and Focus on the Family. The Streghtening Families Program has demonstrated statistically signi... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557277 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557277 [Implementation perspectives on family prevention programs] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557276&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17687879%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mendes FJ PMID: 17687879 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557276 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557276 [Cocaine abuse, a problem of supply or social demand? A transcultural and correlational study which compares macrosocial, economic and cultural variables] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557275&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17687880%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Saiz Galdós J Cocaine consumption in Spain continues to rise and is reaching an alarming level. This is a descriptive and correlational study in which a transcultural analysis is made with a sample of 62 different countries. The aim of this study is to compare the influence of macrosocial, cultural and economic variables on the behaviour of cocaine abuse. Thus, the importance of the cocaine traffic and supply is shown in relation to the abuse of the same, but recognition and emphasis is given to the presence of other explanatory factors characteristic of societies in which cocaine is abused and demanded. These factors are: predominance of cultural values of self-expression, high index of subjective wellbeing and a high GNP per capita. Finally, the relevance of social fact... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557275 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557275 [Gender analysis of Spanish scientific publications in the area of substance abuse in biomedicine 1999-2004] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557274&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17687881%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: There is no gender equality in the area of substance abuse, particularly when considering the top researchers. It is essential to make in-depth studies that evaluate scientific output, broken down by gender, in order to adopt the necessary corrective measures to eliminate the disparity between men and women. PMID: 17687881 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557274 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557274 [Community reinforcement approach plus vouchers for cocaine dependence treatment] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557273&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17687882%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Secades-Villa R, García-Rodríguez O, Alvarez Rodríguez H, Río Rodríguez A, Fernández-Hermida JR, Luis Carballo J Cocaine use is an increasingly serious problem in Spain. The absence of effective drugs for the treatment of cocaine addiction and of empirically validated therapy programmes makes it necessary to resort to programmes that have shown their effectiveness in other countries. The aim of the present study was to explore the effectiveness of one of the programmes that has obtained the best results in the United States: the Community Reinforcement Approach (CRA) Plus Vouchers for the treatment of cocaine addiction. We assessed treatment retention and dropout rates and cocaine use during the first three months of intervention.The sample was ma... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557273 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557273 [A comparative analysis of SF-12 with the SF-36 among patients in methadone treatment] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557272&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17687883%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The SF-12 reproduced SF-36 summary scores without substantial loss of information when used on patients undergoing methadone treatment. The SF-12 appears to be an efficient alternative to the SF-36 for the assessment of health-related quality of life of patients with addictive disorders and their treatment. PMID: 17687883 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557272 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557272 [Clinical intervention of nicotine dependence from a systemic-relational focus. Results of a descriptive study of series of cases] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557271&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17687884%26dopt%3DAbstract We present in this work a descriptive study of series of cases in treatment for nicotine addiction with a multicomponent program focusing on a systemic-relational therapy. While a good number of smokers are able to stop smoking, with the help of different programs with different levels of complexity depending on their level of addiction, there is a group of smokers who associate their difficulty to stop smoking with aspects related to their life cycle situation, problems with their family of origin or with their social network. We revised the most relevant clinical aspects of the model and presented the results of a descriptive study of a series of 128 patients, of wich 60.50% expressed family and/or personal problems that made the possibilities of success in the program more difficult. Af... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557271 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557271 [Resilience and drug consumption: a review] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557270&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17687885%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Becoña E In the last few years, resilience, or the successful adaptation achieved by an individual despite very adverse or traumatic situations during their childhood, has become a concept of great importance both in the field of mental health and in drug abuse. Understanding how these individuals attain a level of normal functioning without developing personal or psychopathological problems in their adolescence or adulthood is of great relevance in not only the prevention but also the treatment of several disorders. In this paper we revised the studies that have analysed the relationship between resilience and drug consumption (tobacco, alcohol, and illegal drugs). The studies, both longitudinal and transversal, indicate that a number of individuals can be resilient (can... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557270 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557270 Science, policy and practice--lessons from America. http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557269&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17691413%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hansen WB, Dusenbury L The experience in the United States regarding drug abuse prevention has involved three entities: scientific researchers, practitioners who work with youth, and policy makers. To the degree that each of these entities play complimentary roles, society benefits. In the past, these three entities have not collaborated or taken advantage of the strengths that each has to offer. Future goals should place an emphasis on scientific researchers contributing to the development and rigorous testing of programmatic approaches. Practitioners not only need to adopt effective programs and implement with fidelity, but also need to provide scientists opportunities to collaborate in order to make programs work for specific settings and populations. Finally, policy makers... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557269 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557269 [Recreational nightlife in Spanish young people as a risk factor in comparison with more traditional ones] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557268&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17691414%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: It suggests the need to make an in depth study of weekend recreational habits and add them to the objectives of the prevention of drug use and misuse. PMID: 17691414 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557268 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557268 [Venlafaxine extended release and alcohol dependence] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557267&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17691415%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: The results of this observational study suggest that venlafaxine extended release could be effective as a coadyuvant in the treatment of alcohol dependent patients in alcohol detoxification therapy. Nevertheless, this should be confirmed with bigger placebo-controlled samples. PMID: 17691415 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557267 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557267 [Coping self-efficacy against alcohol and other drugs use as treatment outcome predictor and its relation with personality dimensions: evaluation of a sample of addicts using DTCQ, VIP and MCM-II] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557266&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17691416%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chicharro Romero J, Pedrero Pérez EJ, Pérez López M Perceived self-efficacy in being able to resist taking drugs when faced with situations of stress or social pressure was studied using the Drug Taking Confidence Questionnaire (DTCQ; Annis and Martin, 1985). In general, stronger self-efficacy is associated with the achievement of therapeutic objectives. We studied the predictive capacity of this questionnaire, administered at the beginning of treatment to a sample of substance-addicts in respect of compliance with objectives. We made a psychometric study of the instrument and its relationship with personality variables assessed with MCMI-II and VIP Data suggest that: (1) 50 DTCQ items can be reduced to 8 and even to 3 in order to achieve the same results, (2) s... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557266 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557266 [What do adolescents and young people think about recreational drug use and sexual risks?] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557265&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17691417%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this article is to analyse the opinions of adolescents and young people, from gypsy and non-gypsy populations, on the relationship between recreational drug use and sexual practices that increase the risk of HIV infection. A descriptive qualitative research was undertaken. 14 focus groups were conducted with 98 adolescents and young people, and 7 semi-structured interviews with young recreational drug users. Both sort of results were triangulated. Two major discursive lines emerge in the analysis. The first one defends the notion that moderate consumption of alcohol facilitates the sexual encounter, but it does not imply risky behaviours. However, polydrug use or an elevated use of recreational drugs is related to a lack of concern for sexual risks, and in men with the los... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557265 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557265 [Gender and accessibility barriers to treatment in alcohol abuse patients in the Autonomous Region of Valencia] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557264&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17691418%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSIONS: gender differences in barriers that delay access to treatment do exist. It is necessary to build gender-adapted intervention guidelines to be used in Primary Care and Mental Health services to reduce the accessibility barriers to treatment. PMID: 17691418 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557264 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557264 [Substance use and risk perception: comparative study of adolescents in Bogotá and Barcelona] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557263&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17691419%26dopt%3DAbstract [Substance use and risk perception: comparative study of adolescents in Bogotá and Barcelona] Adicciones. 2007;19(2):179-89 Authors: Trujillo AM, Forns i Santacana M, Pérez Gómez A The purpose of this article is to determine the differences and similarities between adolescents from Barcelona and Bogotá in their psychoactive substance use habits, their perception of the activities that involve this use and how their risk perception can influence these habits. The sample consists of 865 school students from both cities, with ages between 15 and 18 years. Risk perception was assessed using the risk variables studied by Benthin, Slovic and Severson (1993). Substance use habits were assessed on the basis of the answers given by the youngsters to questions on the ... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557263 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557263 [A review about cannabis use like as risk factor of schizophrenia] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557262&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17691420%26dopt%3DAbstract In conclusion, we consider that the use of cannabis is clearly associated with the inducement of psychotic symptoms and is, possibly, a risk factor of schizophrenia in people with a genetic or psychosocial vulnerability, preventive methods being necessary in high-risk groups. These are fundamentally those of users of large quantities of cannabis and those who initiate use in adolescence. PMID: 17691420 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557262 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557262 [Abstracts of the XXXIV National Meeting on Socio-Drug-Alcohol, 22-24 March 2007, Valencia, Spain] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557261&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17708035%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: PMID: 17708035 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557261 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557261 [Alcohol abuse by young people in Spain] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557260&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17724924%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Calafat Far A Although the overall consumption of alcohol is falling in Spain we have, for years, been seeing an increase in alcohol consumption by the young. This has taken the form of episodes of drunkenness or quantities of alcohol being drunk within a few concentrated hours to reach a certain level of drunkenness, what the Anglo-Saxons call "binge drinking". The most typical name for this phenomenon -although not the only one- is the botellón which is, in fact, no more than one of the expressions to describe drinking alcohol in the nighttime recreational spaces at the weekend. It is of some concern that, in conjunction with a leading position in the use of illegal drugs, Spain is also so rapidly incorporating this pattern of alcohol consumption, and one that has never... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557260 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557260 [Caffeine: a nutrient, a drug or a drug of abuse] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557259&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17724925%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pardo Lozano R, Alvarez García Y, Barral Tafalla D, Farré Albaladejo M Coffee, tea, chocolate and caffeinated drinks are the main sources of caffeine, which is consumed in almost all ages and socioeconomic levels. Caffeine acts as a non-selective adenosine receptor antagonist in the central nervous system. Its main effects are as psychostimulant, acting in addition on the respiratory, muscular and cardiovascular systems. Basically, caffeine is metabolized by the hepatic cytochrome P-450 1A2 enzymes (CYP1A2). Several drugs can interact with its metabolism. The observed interindividual differences of its effects can be explained by variations in its metabolism. The main therapeutic use of caffeine is bronchodilator in respiratory diseases. Other possible uses are under... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557259 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557259 [Relation of the physical-sport activity practice and alcohol consumption of citizens older than 14 years old] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557258&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17724926%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Valero Valenzuela A, Ruiz Juan F, García Montes ME, Granero Gallegos A, Martínez Rodríguez AM The aim of the current research is to ascertain any possible relationship that could exist between the alcohol consumption of the population and several sociodemographic variables, in addition to the influence of physical exercise/sports on the creation of healthy lifestyle habits. The sample comprised 1102 subjects from Almeria Spain, over 14 years of age, to whom we administered the "physical exercise/sporting habits and life styles" questionnaire, selecting the sections on physical exercise/sporting habits in leisure, fitness and state of health perception and alcohol consumption habits, related to attitudes, behavioural and sociodemographic variables. We used an inn... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557258 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557258 [Evolution of treatment and consumption in persons with cocaine dependence, at 12-months, in respect of the associated psychopathology and daily functioning] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557257&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17724927%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the relationship between sociodemographic variables, drug use characteristics, and psychopathological characteristics with maintenance of drug abstinence and the evolution of daily functioning evaluated by the therapist at 3-, 6- and 12-months. The most outstanding results are that subjects with a dependent personality pattern, according to the MCMI-II, are more likely to maintain cocaine abstinence during the 12-months following the preliminary assessment. Moreover, the variables more related with a worse daily functioning at 12-months are injected or smoked cocaine use, previous treatments for drug use and having used heroin on some occasion. Therefore, drug related aspects and not psychopathological characteristics are more important when analysing the 12-months evolution in... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557257 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557257 [Alcoholic jealousy: an old and current dilemma] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557256&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17724928%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jiménez-Arriero MA, Hernández B, Mearin Manrique I, Rodríguez-Jiménez R, Jiménez Giménez M, Ponce Alfaro G The relation between alcohol and jealousy is a deeply rooted belief within the general population as well as in the medical, and particularly psychiatric, environment. Furthermore, in recent years there has been a growing interest on the forensic aspects of pathological jealousy, since they are a frequent cause of severe violence, homicide and suicide. Some authors have described a high prevalence of pathological jealousy in alcoholic patients, even awarding it a pathognomonic value in alcoholism. Nevertheless, recent studies do not completely support this relation, and draw attention to other factors. Results from the various studies contain... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557256 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557256 [Gender differences in the evolution of adolescent's tobacco consumption in Spain (1986-2002)] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557255&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17724929%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mendoza R, López Pérez P, Sagrera MR This work pursues two objectives: 1) to analyse time trends in tobacco consumption among Spanish schoolchildren aged 11, 13, 15 and 17 for the period 1986-2002; and 2) to study the evolution of gender differences regarding tobacco consumption in each of these age groups throughout this period. On the basis of a research with a sequential cross-sectional design, data were collected in four nation-wide studies (in 1986, 1990, 1994 and 2002), using representative samples of Spanish schoolchildren. The sub-samples used for this paper add up 14,570 subjects (51.2% girls and 48.8% boys). The analysis of temporal trends has been performed separately for each gender, within each age group. Among 11-year-olds, a growing homogeneity between... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557255 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557255 [Needs satisfaction deficit among cocaine and/or marijuana users asking for treatment] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557254&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17724930%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: García-Aurrecoechea R, Díaz-Guerrero R, Medina-Mora ME As part of a pioneer investigation line on the field of addiction and mental health centred on the operationalization of clinical implications of the motivational theory of Maslow (1954/1970) and feedback treatment and prevention strategies of drug use and its associated disturbances, it is tested the psycho-pathogenesis construct of this theory by means of a cross sectional design of four independent samples, on which it is explored the satisfaction degree of 16 deficitary needs on intentional samples of adolescents and young adults: Three samples of actual users of marihuana (n = 47), cocaine (n = 47) and both substances (n = 50), that were gotten between treatment solicitors and a sample of students and worker... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557254 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557254 Suicide and alcohol poisoning in Belarus between 1970 and 2005. http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557253&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D17724931%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: This study supports the hypothesis that suicide and alcohol closely connected in culture with prevailing intoxication-oriented drinking patterns and adds to the growing body of evidence that a substantial proportion of suicide in Belarus is due to acute effect of binge drinking. PMID: 17724931 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557253 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557253 [Why is it so difficult to legislate on alcohol in Spain?] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557252&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18173096%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rodríguez-Martos A Wine belongs to the Mediterranean culture. Drinking alcohol is part of our social life, and its negative consequences have often been minimised, blame being apportioned rather to the individual, who doesn't know how to drink, than to the agent causing the harm. In recent years, road accidents and binge-drinking among young people have put alcohol on the political agenda. Adolescents and young adults have increased their consumption, and a pattern of binge-drinking has developed based on the open-air 'fiesta' nightlife, where groups of young people drink large bottles in the streets and squares (botellón). Educational campaigns and material have been mounted and produced, but two consecutive draft laws on measures for the prevention of alcohol-relat... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557252 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557252 Binge drinking in Europe. http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557251&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18173097%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Farke W, Anderson P Binge drinking is a pattern of heavy drinking which is observed all over Europe. The term Binge drinking implies a lot of different meanings to different people. The most popular definition used for this term is five or more 'standard drinks' in a single occasion. Binge drinking is different from intoxication, although this kind of heavy alcohol consumption can be lead to intoxication. This condition is manifested by different signs, for example slurred speech. Binge drinking is very common among the European population. In 2006 some 80 million Europeans aged 15 plus reported this kind of alcohol consumption patterns. European surveys showed that there is an increase of binge drinking across Europe amongst young people (15-16 years) old since 1995. The cons... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557251 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557251 [Tobacco consumption in pre-adolescent and adolescent school children in Spain: gender differences] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557250&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18173098%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, a random sample of 8429 students aged from 10 to 18 years old (49.9% boys and 50.1% girls) was selected. The school children filled in an anonymous questionnaire in their classrooms. Among the 12-year-old age group, there are a significantly higher number of boys than girls who have ever smoked tobacco. Figures are higher for girls in the 14-year-old or older age groups. Between the 12 and the 14-year-old age groups, there is an increase of 40 percentage points for girls who have ever smoked tobacco. The prevalence of daily smoking exceeds 10% among the 14-year-old or older age groups, with significantly higher rates for girls than for boys among the 15-year-old group and older students. Among the 17-year-old group, 25% of boys and 35% of girls report that they smoke daily. ... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557250 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557250 [Characteristics that define the 'botellón' phenomenon in university students and adolescents] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557249&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18173099%26dopt%3DAbstract [Characteristics that define the 'botellón' phenomenon in university students and adolescents] Adicciones. 2007;19(4):357-72 Authors: Cortés Tomás MT, Espejo Tort B, Giménez Costa JA This paper presents some of the main parameters in the behaviour pattern of young people in their binge drinking practices, seeking to improve the somewhat inaccurate view emerging from field studies. A total of 4083 questionnaires were administered to young people in Valencia aged 14-25 during the academic year 2005/2006, from a random sample of schools and other educational institutions. The survey was conducted in the institutions themselves and participation was anonymous and voluntary. The findings confirm a progressive reduction in the age at which this practice begins, 13... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557249 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557249 [Psychopathological symptoms and personality traits in alcohol-dependent patients: a comparative study] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557248&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18173100%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bravo de Medina R, Echeburúa E, Aizpiri J The aim of this paper was to describe the psychopathological and personality profile associated with alcohol dependence and to compare it with those of non-addictive disorders and the normal population. The sample consisted of 158 alcohol-dependent participants attending a psychiatric outpatient clinic, 120 psychiatric patients with non-addictive disorders and 103 participants from the general population chosen to match the patient samples for age, gender and socioeconomic level. All participants were assessed with different instruments related to personality (Impulsiveness Scale, Sensation-Seeking Scale and STAI), psychopathology (SCL-90-R, BDI and Maladjustment Scale) and personality disorders (MCMI-II). Patients from the clinic... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557248 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557248 [Gender differences in alcoholism] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557247&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18173101%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the present study was to explore clinical differences in alcohol use disorders according to patients' gender. It was carried out with a sample of 370 patients, 325 men (87.8%) and 45 women (12.2%), with mean ages of 42.83 and 44.6 years, respectively. The patients were assessed through the Europasi interview and analytical studies with liver enzyme profiles and blood tests. The most notable results were: women began alcohol consumption significantly later than men (19.61 and 16.9 years, respectively; p < 0.008); they were significantly older than men when the consumption pattern became problematic (30.93 and 24.68 years, respectively; p < 0.003); they had been drinking for fewer years (13.26 versus 17.85 years; p < 0.02); and they drank fewer grams of alcohol (117... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557247 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557247 [ASRS v.1.1., a tool for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder screening in adults treated for addictive behaviors: psychometric properties and estimated prevalence] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557246&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18173102%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pedrero Pérez EJ, Puerta García C ASRS v.1.1. is a self-applied brief instrument for the screening of individuals presenting symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and proposed by the WHO. The purpose of the present work was to test the instrument and examine the results of its application to a sample of 280 individuals in treatment for substance-related disorders (cross-sectional descriptive study). We administered simultaneously in the initial phases of treatment the ASRS v.1.1. (short form) and the MCMI-II to the full sample and the Wender Utah Rating Scale (WURS), ADHD-Rating Scale-IV and ASRS v.1.1. (complete form) to various sub-samples. Diagnostic interviews were also carried out and the psychometric properties and factorial structure of ... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557246 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557246 [Natural recovery and treatment recovery from drug and alcohol abuse] http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557245&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18173103%26dopt%3DAbstract This study examines the concept of natural recovery (without formal treatment) from problems associated with alcohol, marijuana, cocaine and heroin abuse, each one alone or in any combination. Two groups of males (40 Ss between 18 and 60 years of age) and two groups of females (19 Ss between 18 and 55 years of age) with at least one year of abstinence were studied.The main issues considered were: reason for attending treatment or ceasing the use of substances, factors related to maintenance of abstinence, and difficulties and threats associated with abstinence. Several significant differences were found between groups with and without treatment, as well as between males and females, particularly regarding factors related to the maintenance of abstinence. In both cases family and affective ... Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557245 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557245 Alcohol poisoning and duodenum ulcer mortality in Russia, 1965-2005. http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1557244&cid=s_37210_2_f&fid=37210&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D18173104%26dopt%3DAbstract CONCLUSION: This paper present new epidemiological evidence of aggregate level relationship between alcohol and duodenum ulcer mortality rate. The outcome of this study also supports the hypothesis that binge drinking of strong spirits is a risk factor of ulcer at the individual level. PMID: 18173104 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Adicciones) Adicciones journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1557244 Mon, 01 Jan 2007 05:00:00 +0100 1557244