MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'Aggressive Behavior' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 02:31:32 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5528116&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20419 This study examined the tendency of UK youth to engage in displaced aggression (aggression aimed at undeserving targets) and examined the relationship among gang affiliation, ruminative thought, and aggression levels. Students in three London schools were asked to complete a questionnaire that assessed levels of gang affiliation, rumination about aversive events, and a tendency to engage in displaced aggression. Our analyses found a three‐way interaction between gang affiliation, rumination, and gender, such that males who were high in affiliation and rumination had the greatest tendency to displace aggression toward innocent others. Additionally, it was shown that rumination could account for a significant part of the correlation between gang affiliation and displaced aggression. Furthe... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5528116 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 20:14:29 +0100 5528116 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5528115&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.21407 The current study examined the main effects of hostile attributional bias (HAB) and negative emotional responding on a variety of aggressive behaviors in adults, including general aggression, physical aggression, relational aggression, and verbal aggression. Effects of both externalizing (anger) and internalizing (embarrassment/upset) negative emotions were considered. In addition, the moderating roles of gender and impulsivity on the effects of HAB and negative emotional responding were explored. Multilevel models were fitted to data from 2,749 adult twins aged 20–55 from the PennTwins cohort. HAB was positively associated with all four forms of aggression. There was also a significant interaction between impulsivity and HAB for general aggression. Specifically, the relationship between... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5528115 Thu, 22 Dec 2011 20:14:25 +0100 5528115 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5497157&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.21410 Past research has shown activation of aggressive cognitions in memory after media violence exposure, but has not examined priming effects of viewing relational aggression in the media. In the current study, 250 women viewed a video clip depicting physical aggression, relational aggression, or no aggression. Subsequent activation of physical and relational aggression cognitions was measured using an emotional Stroop task. Results indicated priming of relational aggression cognitions after viewing the relationally aggressive video clip, and activation of both physical and relational aggression cognitions after viewing the physically aggressive video clip. Results are discussed within the framework of the General Aggression Model. (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5497157 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5497157 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5497156&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.21411 This study used the ostracism detection theory to investigate how ostracism impacts individuals in two ways: (1) immediate poststressor needs, mood, ruminative thoughts, and desire to affiliate, and (2) short‐term affective and cortisol reactivity. A total of 58 college students were randomly assigned to the inclusion or ostracism conditions of Cyberball, a virtual ball‐tossing game. Immediately following the experimental manipulation, ostracized participants reported more thwarted psychological need states, more negative mood, and fewer positive ruminative thoughts, relative to their included counterparts. Ostracized participants reported a greater interest in affiliating with others in online or in‐person settings. In the short‐term, ostracized males reported more hostility than ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5497156 Mon, 12 Dec 2011 05:00:00 +0100 5497156 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5350873&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20415 This study examined the role of psychopathy dimensions and types of aggression in response inhibition among 117 male adolescents (53 antisocial delinquents and 64 controls). Participants completed a self‐report measure of aggression and a GoNoGo task. Psychopathy dimensions were assessed using the Psychopathy Checklist: Youth Version. Although high scores on the antisocial dimension and reactive aggression were associated with poor response inhibition, the affective–interpersonal dimension, proactive aggression, and verbal intelligence (IQ) were related to better response inhibition (two‐factor model). Associations with the affective–interpersonal dimensions did not reach significance. Exploratory analyses showed that affective and antisocial facets accounted for the obtained oppos... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5350873 Tue, 25 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5350873 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5350872&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20416 AbstractThe primary purpose of this multimethod and multimeasure study was to identify how the peer relationships of Australian adolescents (ages 9–15 years; N = 335) at school, including relational aggression and victimization, correlated with their symptoms of depression and anxiety. Moreover, relational aggression and victimization were measured via both self‐ and peer report, and discrepancies between reports were considered as correlates of symptoms and peer relationship status. Adolescents who reported more symptoms of depression and anxiety also self‐reported more relational victimization and reported their peers as less trustworthy. Adolescents who overreported their own relational victimization and aggression compared with peer report had more symptoms compared with those wh... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5350872 Tue, 25 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5350872 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5350871&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20417 This study investigates the role of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) features as mediators of the effects of childhood maltreatment on severe intrafamilial physical violence amongst Chinese male perpetrators. A cross‐sectional survey and face‐to‐face interview were conducted to examine childhood maltreatment, personality disorder features, impulsivity, aggression, and severe intrafamilial physical violence in a community sample of 206 abusive men in China. The results suggest that ASPD or BPD features mediate between childhood maltreatment and intimate partner violence perpetration in Chinese abusive men. These findings may yield clinical and forensic implications for assessing the psychopathology of abusive men, and may steer the inter... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5350871 Tue, 25 Oct 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5350871 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5241469&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20414 AbstractIndividual and dyadic stability models of newlyweds' physical aggression were evaluated in a sample of 394 newlywed community couples recruited at engagement and followed for 2.5 years. Aggression in young couples was hypothesized to be a stable, enduring trait, consistent with a latent state–trait conceptualization. However, the findings indicated that aggression can more parsimoniously be conceptualized as a “somewhat stable” trait with strong short‐term correlations that gradually decrease at increasing intervals. Aggression was significantly dyadic. Men and women's aggression were consistently associated with one another across time beginning at engagement, with little evidence that one person's aggression evoked aggression in the partner in the time intervals studied. ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5241469 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5241469 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5241468&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20412 This study tested the I3 model [Finkel, 2007; 2008] of intimate partner violence as applied to obsessive relational intrusion (ORI) to assess the relation among self‐regulation, rejection, rejection sensitivity (RS), and stalking‐related aggression. In Study 1, participants (N=221) read one of three vignettes: no relationship termination, an “internal” rejection (involves an internal attribution to the rejected as cause of relationship ending), or an “external” rejection (external attributions for relationship demise). Next, participants experienced one of two conditions manipulating self‐regulation (no depletion vs. depletion). Finally, participants rated their likelihood of engaging in ORI (e.g. unwanted pursuit and/or aggression). Consistent with predictions, participants ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5241468 Mon, 19 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5241468 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5198851&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20410 In this study, male participants were randomly selected from public houses (i.e., “pubs”) and asked to imagine themselves in a hypothetical intimate encounter in which the female in the scenario stops consenting to sexual contact. Participants were given the option to continue making sexual advances up to and including sexual intercourse against the woman's will. It was hypothesized based on Alcohol Myopia Theory that participant blood alcohol concentration (BAC) levels would be associated with hypothetical sexual aggression when stereotypical cues of a woman's sexual availability (revealing clothing and alcohol use) were present in the scenario. Men's engagement in hypothetical sexual aggression was associated with BAC levels, but only when the woman was wearing revealing clothing. Th... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5198851 Mon, 05 Sep 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5198851 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5497155&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.21412 Prior research has examined killing behavior using a paradigm in which participants believe (falsely) that they are killing bugs. This work suggests that killing behavior escalates. In the present study, we sought to replicate the basic escalation effect within‐subjects. Further, in doing so, we controlled for experimenter “sanctioning” of killing that may have differed with key between‐subjects manipulations in the prior research. To control for this possible confound, the present experiment held experimenter instructions constant and examined whether killing naturally escalated within‐subjects across two 12‐sec bug‐killing tasks. Additionally, to verify that escalation is due to killing per se and not just physical practice of the procedure, we manipulated whether the proce... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5497155 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5497155 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5350870&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20418 This study investigates the associations among sustaining IPV and alcohol/drug abuse among both a clinical and community sample of men. The clinical sample is comprised of 302 men who sustained intimate terrorism—a form of IPV that is characterized by much violence and controlling behavior—from their female partners and sought help. The community sample is composed of 520 men, 16% of whom sustained common couple violence, a lower level of more minor reciprocal IPV. Analyses showed that among both groups of men who sustained IPV, the prevalence and frequency of alcohol/drug abuse was significantly higher than in men who did not sustain IPV. However, a dose–response relationship between sustaining IPV and alcohol/drug abuse was found only among men in the community sample. Path modelin... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5350870 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5350870 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5241467&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20413 AbstractIntrasexual competition among males of different species, including humans, is well documented. Among females, far less is known. Recent nonexperimental studies suggest that women are intolerant of attractive females and use indirect aggression to derogate potential rivals. In Study 1, an experimental design was used to test the evolutionary‐based hypothesis that women would be intolerant of sexy women and would censure those who seem to make sex too readily available. Results provide strong empirical support for intrasexual competition among women. Using independent raters, blind to condition, we found that almost all women were rated as reacting negatively (“bitchy”) to an attractive female confederate when she was dressed in a sexually provocative manner. In contrast, when... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5241467 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5241467 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5213103&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20411 This study investigated whether video game content differentially influences aggression as a function of individual differences in trait anger. Participants were randomly assigned to play a violent or nonviolent video game before completing a task in which they could behave aggressively. Results showed that participants high in trait anger were the most aggressive, but only if they first played a VVG. This relationship held while statistically controlling for dimensions other than violent content on which game conditions differed (e.g. frustration, arousal). Implications of these findings for models explaining the effects of video games on behavior are discussed. Aggr. Behav. 37:1–8, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5213103 Thu, 01 Sep 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5213103 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5198850&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20409 AbstractA large body of research has linked spanking with a range of adverse outcomes in children, including aggression, psychopathology, and criminal involvement. Despite evidence concerning the association of spanking with antisocial behavior, not all children who are spanked develop antisocial traits. Given the heterogeneous effects of spanking on behavior, it is possible that a third variable may condition the influence of corporal punishment on child development. We test this possibility using data drawn from a nationally representative dataset of twin siblings. Our findings suggest that genetic risk factors condition the effects of spanking on antisocial behavior. Moreover, our results provide evidence that the interaction between genetic risk factors and corporal punishment may be p... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5198850 Wed, 31 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5198850 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5149742&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20408 AbstractWe used a discrete choice conjoint experiment to model the bullying prevention recommendations of 845 students from grades 5 to 8 (aged 9–14). Students made choices between experimentally varied combinations of 14 four‐level prevention program attributes. Latent class analysis yielded three segments. The high impact segment (27.1%) recommended uniforms, mandatory recess activities, four playground supervisors, surveillance cameras, and 4‐day suspensions when students bully. The moderate impact segment (49.5%) recommended discretionary uniforms and recess activities, four playground supervisors, and 3‐day suspensions. Involvement as a bully or bully‐victim was associated with membership in a low impact segment (23.4%) that rejected uniforms and surveillance cameras. They r... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5149742 Wed, 24 Aug 2011 21:37:05 +0100 5149742 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5112780&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20406 AbstractDespite advances in understanding the role that several physiological systems play in the occurrence of general violence, little progress has been made toward understanding biological correlates of intimate partner violence (IPV). We explored involvement of one physiological system, the hypothalamic‐pituitary‐adrenal (HPA) axis. Among 137 heterosexual couples expecting a first child, baseline level of HPA activity—assessed via salivary cortisol collected before a couple conflict discussion—was linked to both men's and women's violence perpetration. HPA reactivity to the conflict bout did not show an independent association with IPV. However, persisting elevation in men's, and down‐regulation in women's, HPA activity during a further recovery period was linked to men's vio... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5112780 Thu, 11 Aug 2011 08:27:59 +0100 5112780 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5112781&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20407 AbstractA novel “field” study recently published in Aggressive Behavior found that individual differences in baseline testosterone concentrations were positively correlated with endorsement of political aggression and that baseline cortisol concentrations were negatively correlated with self‐reported aggression among Palestinian boys living in Gaza. Here, we discuss recent evidence indicating that testosterone and cortisol interact to predict competitive, aggressive, and dominant behaviors and urge researchers collecting both hormones to perform and report analyses that formally test for such interaction effects. Aggr. Behav. 37:1–3, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5112781 Sun, 07 Aug 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5112781 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5013193&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20404 AbstractAlthough numerous investigations of overt aggressive and antisocial trajectories have been undertaken, there is a dearth of literature examining gender differences and similarities in trajectory patterns and their correlates. To address these gaps, we investigated gender differences in the prevalence rates, predictive validity during transition to adulthood, childhood risk factors, and adolescent correlates of different trajectories of teacher‐reported overt aggression (i.e., fights, argues, gets in trouble) among 220 participants (116 girls and 104 boys) evaluated annually from grade 4 to grade 12. Four patterns of trajectories were identified: low, increasing (i.e., adolescent‐onset), decreasing (i.e., childhood‐limited), and high (i.e., childhood‐onset). A large proporti... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5013193 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5013193 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5002235&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20405 In this study, formerly incarcerated men (N = 123) were assessed for their experiences with violence in the community as well as their current behavioral and mental health status (antisocial behavior and emotional distress). Participants also completed measures of two constructs theorized to moderate relations between exposure to violence and outcomes: cognitive beliefs supporting aggressive responding and negative emotional reactivity to witnessed violence. Data on key social‐demographic background factors affecting outcomes were also collected. Analyses showed that, after controlling the effects of background factors, relationships between experiences with violence in the community and behavioral/mental health were moderated by cognitive beliefs and emotional reactivity. At high levels... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5002235 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 5002235 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4988408&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20403 AbstractExecutive processes have been posited as important regulators of externalizing problems (EP), but there has been little research on the relation between executive dysfunction and EP in early childhood. During the preschool period, maturation of the prefrontostriatal circuitry parallels increases in inhibitory control (IC). Poor IC development could result in elevated levels of aggressive, disruptive, and impulsive behavior. In this investigation, the development of the relation between IC and EP was examined in preschool and early elementary school children using the Day/Night and Tapping tasks. Children with more EP made more incorrect responses on both IC tasks, consistently across age and sex. The associations between EP and response latencies differed across children, however, ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4988408 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4988408 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4941098&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20402 AbstractThe role of physical and relational aggression in adolescents' friendship selection was examined in a longitudinal sample of 274 Chilean students from 5th and 6th grade followed over 1 year. Longitudinal social network modeling (SIENA) was used to study selection processes for aggression while influence processes were controlled for. Furthermore, the effects of network characteristics (i.e., reciprocity and transitivity), gender, and social status on friendship selection were examined. The starting assumption of this study was that selection effects based on aggression might have been overestimated in previous research as a result of failing to consider influence processes and alternative characteristics that steer friendship formation. The results show that selection effects of bo... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4941098 Sun, 19 Jun 2011 00:28:56 +0100 4941098 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4941101&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20399 This study extends past research by evaluating an expanded version of the confluence model with a community sample. One‐hour audio computer‐assisted self‐interviews were completed by 470 young single men. Using structural equation analyses, delinquency, hostile masculinity, impersonal sex, and misperception of women's sexual cues were positively and directly associated with the number of sexually aggressive acts committed. There were also indirect effects of childhood victimization, personality traits associated with subclinical levels of psychopathy, and alcohol consumption. These findings demonstrate the usefulness of the confluence model, as well as the importance of broadening this theory to include additional constructs. Aggr. Behav. 37:1–15, 2011. © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4941101 Tue, 14 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4941101 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4941100&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20400 AbstractSocial scripts are commonly shared representations of behavior in social contexts, which are seen to be partly transmitted through social and cultural media. Research suggests that people hold scripts associated with alcohol‐related aggression, but, unlike general aggression scripts, there is little evidence of social transmission. To demonstrate social transmission of alcohol‐related aggression scripts, learning mechanisms based on personal experience should be minimized. We used a lexical decision task to examine implicit links between alcohol and aggression in alcohol‐naïve adolescents who have limited personal or vicarious experience of alcohol‐related aggression. One hundred and four 11–14 year old adolescents made lexical decisions on aggressive or nonaggressive wo... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4941100 Tue, 14 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4941100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4941099&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20401 AbstractEvolutionary psychology accounts of gender differences in sexual behaviors in general and men's sexual aggression, in particular, has been criticized for legitimizing males' sexual misconduct. To empirically assess such critiques, two studies examined how men's judgments of male sex crimes (solicitation of sex from a prostitute; rape) are influenced by exposure to (a) evolutionary psychological theories and (b) social‐constructivist theories. Across two studies, a consistent pattern emerged compared with a control condition (a) exposure to evolutionary psychology theories had no observable impact on male judgments of men's criminal sexual behavior, whereas (b) exposure to social‐constructivist theories did affect judgments, leading men to evaluate sex crimes more harshly. Addit... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4941099 Tue, 14 Jun 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4941099 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4879950&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20398 AbstractFemales of communal and eusocial Hymenoptera differ greatly in the treatment of conspecifics: communal species lack the nest membership–bias treatment via nestmate (NM) recognition, which is typical of eusocial Hymenoptera. Therefore, an analysis of social interactions can suggest whether a given bee or wasp is communal or eusocial. For this reason, we observed females of the digger wasp Cerceris rubida in experimental dyadic encounters. Because this species had previously been labeled “communal,” we expected to find little evidence of a NM bias with respect to cooperation or aggression when paired with NMs and non‐nestmates (NNM). Contrary to expectation, females were highly cooperative toward NMs and highly aggressive toward NNMs. Variation in the intensity of aggression ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4879950 Tue, 31 May 2011 17:23:08 +0100 4879950 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4785006&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20397 This study examines the precursors of violent behavior among urban, racial/ethnic minority adults. Data are from an on‐going study of male and female African Americans and Puerto Ricans, interviewed at four time waves, Time 1–Time 4 (T1–T4), from adolescence to adulthood. Structural Equation Modeling was used to analyze the developmental pathways, beginning in mid‐adolescence (T1; age = 14.0 years), to violent behavior in adulthood (T4; age = 29.2 years). The variables assessed were: components of externalizing behaviors (i.e., rebelliousness, delinquency; T1, T3); illicit drug use (T2); peer delinquency (T2); perceived neighborhood crime (T4); and violent behavior (T3, T4). Results showed that the participants' externalizing behaviors (rebelliousness and delinquency) were relative... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4785006 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4785006 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4772844&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20396 AbstractOur aims were to (1) examine possible neuroanatomical abnormalities associated with the Disruptive Behavior Disorders (DBDs) as a group and (2) assess neuroanatomical anomalies specific to each DBD (i.e., conduct disorder [CD] and oppositional defiant disorder). Cortical thickness analysis and voxel‐based morphometry were analyzed in 47 8‐year‐old boys (22 DBDs with and without CD and/or ODD and 25 healthy controls) from Magnetic Resonance Imaging brain scans. DBD symptoms were assessed using the Dominic‐R. In DBD subjects relative to controls, we found (1) a decreased overall mean cortical thickness; (2) thinning of the cingulate, prefrontal and insular cortices; and (3) decreased gray matter density (GMd) in the same brain regions. We also found that scores on the Dominic... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4772844 Sat, 30 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4772844 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4700480&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20392 This study aimed to identify subgroups of offending among adolescents with misuse problems and to examine associations with offending in adulthood. The study included 1,992 females and males that consulted a clinic for adolescents with misuse problems between 1968 and 1971. Latent Class Analyses were conducted to identify subgroups based on violent and nonviolent offending before age 20. Participants were then followed until age 50 and reexamined regarding violent, nonviolent, and substance‐related crimes. Associations between subgroups before age 20 and subgroups age 21–50 were examined. Before age 20, three subgroups were identified among the females and six among the males. Males were more specialized in their offending and demonstrated higher levels of offending. Results pointed to... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4700480 Tue, 12 Apr 2011 22:48:06 +0100 4700480 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4700482&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20395 AbstractResponses to conflict were studied in samples of college students from a highly collectivistic society (China, n = 207) and a highly individualistic society (United States n = 209). As predicted, the collectivistic society reported more conflict‐reducing behaviors and less verbal or physical aggression. However, the effect of individualism/collectivism was moderated by both the ingroup/outgroup status of the target and gender of the participant. Chinese and US women did not differ on any measure. However, of the four groups, Chinese men reported the most conflict‐reducing behaviors and the least physical aggression, whereas US men reported the fewest conflict‐reducing behaviors and the greatest physical aggression. As predicted, conflict‐reducing behaviors were more common ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4700482 Sun, 10 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4700482 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4700481&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20393 AbstractThe overall aim of this study was to examine the relationship between offender status (violent vs. nonviolent) and selected predictor variables from personality, behavioral, and intellectual domains. The two main sub goals were (a) to determine which variables from these domains were most closely associated with offender status, and (b) to construct a stepwise logistic regression model that could help identify which juveniles were more likely to be incarcerated for violent vs. nonviolent offenses. The participants for this investigation were juvenile offenders referred to the Juvenile Court Assessment Center by the Juvenile Justice Division of the Eleventh Judicial Circuit. The court‐ordered assessment included the following measures: (a) The Millon Adolescent Clinical Inventory ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4700481 Sun, 10 Apr 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4700481 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4689214&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20394 This study explored the relationships and differences among two measures of indirect aggression [Bjorkqvist et al., 1994; Richardson and Green, 1997] and one of relational aggression [Crick and Grotpeter, 1995]. Over 300 students (mean age 22.8 years; 61.5% female) from two colleges in the Southeastern United States completed measures of indirect and relational aggression and related constructs (e.g., empathy, anger expression, direct aggression). Although there were subtle differences among the three measures with regard to their relationships with associated variables, overall the patterns of relationships were similar as well as distinct from the pattern for direct aggression. Factor analysis of scores for measures of aggression revealed that the indirect and relational measures compose... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4689214 Fri, 08 Apr 2011 22:33:27 +0100 4689214 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4666967&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20391 AbstractCross‐sectional and longitudinal predictors of mutual and nonmutual intimate partner violence (IPV) perpetration were identified in a sample of female college freshmen (N = 499). Using female reports, couples were classified as to whether the relationship included no IPV, female‐only IPV, or mutual IPV (male‐only IPV was too rare to analyze). Mutual IPV was more common than asymmetrical IPV, and women in mutually violent relationships perpetrated more frequent acts of physical aggression than those in female‐only violent relationships. In cross‐sectional analyses of IPV in the first semester of college, only partner antisocial behavior and psychological aggression distinguished female‐only IPV from no IPV; witnessing mother‐to‐father aggression, higher psychological... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4666967 Sat, 02 Apr 2011 03:25:57 +0100 4666967 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4666968&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20390 AbstractA representative sample of German residents (N = 397) was surveyed with the aim of studying their acceptance of contemporary rape myths (RMA), using items from the Acceptance of Modern Myths About Sexual Aggression Scale [AMMSA; Gerger et al., 2007] in relation to demographic variables (e.g., gender, age), intolerant belief systems (e.g., sexism, islamophobia), the ideologies of rightwing authoritarianism (RWA), and social dominance orientation (SDO), as well as gender identification. Age showed a U‐shaped relationship with RMA, whereas gender was unrelated to RMA. For men (women), greater identification with their gender was associated with higher (lower) RMA. Substantial correlations of RMA with intolerant belief systems support the idea of a schema of intolerance. Although RWA... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4666968 Thu, 31 Mar 2011 23:00:00 +0100 4666968 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4585702&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20389 We examined test–retest reliability and the concurrent and predictive validity of the CBVS across students in Grades 5–12 in four central California schools. Concurrent validity was assessed by comparing the CBVS with a common, definition‐based bullying victimization measure. Predictive validity was examined through the co‐administration of measures of psychological well‐being. Analysis by grade and gender are included. Results support the test–retest reliability of the CBVS over a 2‐week period. The CBVS was significantly, positively correlated with another bullying assessment and was related in expected directions to measures of well‐being. Implications for differentiating peer victimization and bullying victimization via self‐report measures are discussed. Aggr. Behav.... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4585702 Tue, 01 Mar 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4585702 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4504200&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20388 This study sought to examine these effects separately. One hundred and seventy‐four participants (59 male and 115 female) read vignette scenarios in which they were provoked by a same‐sex best friend, an opposite‐sex best friend, and a partner. For each target, participants estimated their likely use of direct physical and verbal aggression as well as noninjurious forms of anger expression. Results showed that men lower their aggression in the context of an intimate partnership and that this is an effect of the target's sex. In contrast, women raise their aggression in the context of an intimate partnership and this is an effect of intimacy with the target. The use of noninjurious angry behavior did not vary between targets for either sex of the participant, which suggests that the e... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4504200 Tue, 22 Feb 2011 20:55:34 +0100 4504200 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4334186&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20386 This study examined aggression and offending motivation. Participants were 206 adult male prisoners. All completed the Aggression Motivation Questionnaire [Ireland, 2008], the Offending Motivation Questionnaire [Gudjonsson and Sigurdsson, 2004], the Multidimensional Anger Inventory [Siegel, 1986] and the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding [Paulhus, 1991]. It was predicted that aggression motivation would separate into two factors, one reflecting proactive aggression and the other reactive aggression. It was predicted that aggression motives would vary by offence type. It was also predicted that the offending motives identified in previous research (i.e. Excitement, Compliance, Provocation and Financial) would be reflected in this study. Levels of anger and social desirability were ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4334186 Tue, 11 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4334186 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4379692&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20387 This study examined the relations between impulsivity‐related traits (as assessed by the UPPS‐P Impulsive Behavior Scale) and aggressive behaviors. Results indicated that UPPS‐P Lack of Premeditation and Sensation Seeking were important in predicting general violence. In contrast, UPPS‐P Urgency was most useful in predicting intimate partner violence. To further explore relations between intimate partner violence and Urgency, a measure of autonomic response to pleasant and aversive stimuli and facets of Neuroticism from the NEO PI‐R were used as control variables. Autonomic responsivity was correlated with intimate partner violence at the zero‐order level, and predicted significant variance in intimate partner violence in regression equations. However, UPPS‐P Urgency was able... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4379692 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4379692 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4357906&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20385 AbstractThis longitudinal, naturalistic study addressed behavioral and social cognitive processes implicated in preschool children's social dominance. In the first objective, we examined the degree to which peer aggression, affiliation, and postaggression reconciliation predicted social dominance across a school year. Consistent with predictions, all three predicted dominance early in the year while only affiliation predicted dominance later in the year, suggesting that aggression, affiliation, and reconciliation were used to establish social dominance where affiliation was used to maintain it. In the second, exploratory, objective we tested the relative importance of social dominance and reconciliation (the Machiavellian and Vygotskian intelligence hypotheses, respectively) in predicting ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4357906 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4357906 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4334185&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20384 This report strengthens the connection between adolescent peer aggression and reproductive competition, suggesting a potential functionality to adolescent peer aggression in enhancing one's own mating opportunities at the expense of rivals. Aggr. Behav. 37:1–10, 2011.  © 2011 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4334185 Sat, 01 Jan 2011 00:00:00 +0100 4334185 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4210810&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20381 This study was conducted to investigate the utility of psychopathic personality traits in the prediction of RA in a sample of 291 college students. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated that both primary and secondary psychopathic traits explained additional variance in general/peer and romantic RA beyond physical aggressiveness. Consistent with previous research, no gender differences were found on either form of RA, challenging the popular stereotype of RA as a female behavior. Moreover, psychopathic traits were not differentially predictive of RA by gender or level of physical aggressiveness. Implications of these findings for research and clinical practice are discussed. Aggr. Behav. 35:1–8, 2010.  © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4210810 Tue, 30 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4210810 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4194289&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20377 This study explored the current psychological characteristics and criminal behavior history of individuals who retrospectively reported being bullies, bully‐victims, victims, or controls (i.e. neither victims nor bullies) during their last 2 years of high school. College students (n = 960) completed measures of criminal thinking, aggression, psychopathy, and criminal behavior online. We predicted bullies and bully‐victims would demonstrate the highest scores for criminal thinking, proactive aggression, psychopathy, and have the most criminal infractions. Bullies and bully‐victims had significantly higher scores on criminal thinking, aggression, psychopathy, and criminal behaviors than victims or controls. Additionally, men were significantly higher in criminal thinking, aggression, p... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4194289 Tue, 23 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4194289 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4194288&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20378 This study examined the relation between moral disengagement and different self‐reported and peer‐nominated positions in school bullying. The aims of this study were to (1) investigate moral disengagement among children for whom self‐reported and peer‐nominated bully status diverged and (2) compare levels of disengagement among self‐reported and peer‐nominated pure bullies, pure victims, bully–victims, and children not involved in bullying. A sample of 739 Danish sixth grade and seventh grade children (mean age 12.6) was included in the study. Moral disengagement was measured using a Danish version of the Moral Disengagement Scale and bullying was measured using both self‐reports and peer nominations. Results revealed that both self‐reported and peer‐nominated bullying ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4194288 Tue, 23 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4194288 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4147357&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20374 This study provides a meta‐analysis of 14 longitudinal studies examining prospective linkages between peer victimization and externalizing problems (n=7,821). Two prospective paths were examined: the extent to which peer victimization at baseline predicts future residualized changes in externalizing problems, as well as the extent to which externalizing problems at baseline predict future residualized changes in peer victimization. Results revealed significant associations between peer victimization and subsequent residualized changes in externalizing problems, as well as significant associations between externalizing problems and subsequent residualized changes in peer victimization. Hence, externalizing problems function as both antecedents and consequences of peer victimization. Aggr.... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4147357 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4147357 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4147356&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20376 AbstractHormones seem to play important roles in the regulation of human aggression. Multiple studies have confirmed that testosterone (T) levels exhibit complex relationships with aggression, dominance, and/or risk‐taking behavior. Some evidence suggests that cortisol (CORT) interacts with T and may also be associated with aspects of mood and aggression. However, almost no research to date has investigated the possibility that these neuroendocrine factors are associated with variations in political attitudes or with political aggression. During the second intifada, we tested the hypothesis that morning salivary T and/or salivary CORT levels might be associated with self‐rated aggression or with support for religio‐political aggression (RPA) among 14‐year‐old Palestinian boys liv... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4147356 Mon, 08 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4147356 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4129587&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20372 AbstractVarious studies have found that viewing physical or relational aggression in the media can impact subsequent engagement in aggressive behavior. However, this has rarely been examined in the context of relationships. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to examine the connection between viewing various types of aggression in the media and perpetration of aggression against a romantic partner. A total of 369 young adults completed a variety of questionnaires asking for their perpetration of various forms of relationship aggression. Participants' exposure to both physical and relational aggression in the media was also assessed. As a whole, we found a relationship between viewing aggression in the media and perpetration of aggression; however, this depended on the sex of the partici... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4129587 Tue, 02 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4129587 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4129586&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20373 AbstractThere is growing evidence that among the different conduct disorder (CD) behaviors, physical aggression, but not theft, links to low neurocognitive abilities. Specifically, physical aggression has consistently been found to be negatively related to neurocognitive abilities, whereas theft has been shown to be either positively or not related to neurocognition. The specificity of these links needs further examination because attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) links to both physical aggression and neurocognitive variation. The development of self‐reported physical aggression and theft, from age 11 to 17 years, was studied in a prospective at‐risk male cohort via a dual process latent growth curve model. Seven neurocognitive tests at age 20 were regressed on the growth... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4129586 Tue, 02 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4129586 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4129585&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20367 AbstractLongitudinal linkages between intentional exposure to x‐rated material and sexually aggressive behavior were examined among youth 10–15 year olds surveyed nationally in the United States. At Wave 1 in 2006, participants (n = 1,588) were queried about these exposures and outcomes in the preceding 12 months. Wave 2 data (n = 1,206) were collected approximately 12 months after Wave 1 and Wave 3 data (n = 1,159) were collected approximately 24 months after Wave 1. Thus, data for this project represent a 36‐month time frame. A marginal model with generalized estimating equations was used to represent the population‐average odds of sexually aggressive behavior over the 36 months as a function of exposure to x‐rated material over the same time and to account for clustering in th... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4129585 Tue, 02 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4129585 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4210809&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20382 This study evaluated bidirectional associations between substance use, aggression, and delinquency across sixth, seventh, and eighth grades using data available from a large study of urban minority youth (n = 2,931). Group‐based trajectory analysis revealed trajectories of aggression, delinquency, and substance use which support the existence of both adolescent‐limited and life‐course persistent offenders. In addition, a pattern of decreasing aggression was observed during middle school. Clear temporal associations were observed between developmental changes in aggression, delinquency, and substance use. Notably, the decreasing aggression trajectory was as likely to be associated with high trajectories of substance initiation as was the high aggression trajectory. Furthermore, trajec... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4210809 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4210809 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4194287&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20380 This study expands upon previous research in three directions: (1) by examining several subtypes of aggression (verbal, relational, and physical), (2) by measuring media violence exposure (MVE) across three types of media, and (3) by measuring MVE and aggressive/prosocial behaviors at two points in time during the school year. In this study, 430 3rd−5th grade children, their peers, and their teachers were surveyed. Children's consumption of media violence early in the school year predicted higher verbally aggressive behavior, higher relationally aggressive behavior, higher physically aggressive behavior, and less prosocial behavior later in the school year. Additionally, these effects were mediated by hostile attribution bias. The findings are interpreted within the theoretical framework... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4194287 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4194287 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4153857&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20379 This study reports findings of a newly developed measure of social bullying based on Underwood's [2003] framework of social aggression. The Social Bullying Involvement Scales (SBIS) consist of four scales measuring the extent to which children experience social victimization, engage in social bullying, witness social bullying, and intervene in social bullying. The sample consisted of 636 participants (311 females and 325 males, age range 11–16 years; 71% White). Confirmatory factor analysis supported a revised version of Underwood's framework for each of the four participant role scales. Internal consistencies for each scale ranged from .93 to .97. Results revealed that social victimization was related to an increase in anxiety, depressive, and externalizing behaviors. Social bullying wa... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4153857 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4153857 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4147355&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20366 AbstractAggressive and violent behaviors are restrained by self‐control. Self‐control consumes a lot of glucose in the brain, suggesting that low glucose and poor glucose metabolism are linked to aggression and violence. Four studies tested this hypothesis. Study 1 found that participants who consumed a glucose beverage behaved less aggressively than did participants who consumed a placebo beverage. Study 2 found an indirect relationship between diabetes (a disorder marked by low glucose levels and poor glucose metabolism) and aggressiveness through low self‐control. Study 3 found that states with high diabetes rates also had high violent crime rates. Study 4 found that countries with high rates of glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (a metabolic disorder related to low ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4147355 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4147355 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4129584&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20375 AbstractThis follow‐up study with 1,167 primarily White adolescents (aged 13.45 years at T1, 613 females) examined the impact of self‐efficacy for aggression, moral disengagement, and collective efficacy beliefs on peer aggression in schools. Students completed questionnaire measures at the beginning and end of the school year (8 months apart). High aggression efficacy and moral disengagement scores predicted higher frequency of peer aggression over time. Low collective efficacy beliefs regarding the ability of students and teachers to collaboratively act to inhibit peer aggression were also associated with more frequent aggression, although this association was stronger at higher levels of moral disengagement. The findings of this study highlight the need to consider collective effica... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4129584 Mon, 01 Nov 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4129584 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4092649&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20369 Abstract (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4092649 Sun, 24 Oct 2010 07:56:43 +0100 4092649 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4070854&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20368 Abstract (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4070854 Sat, 16 Oct 2010 12:44:00 +0100 4070854 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4029414&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20365 Abstract (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4029414 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 4029414 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3979041&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20364 Abstract (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3979041 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3979041 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3926925&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20361 (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3926925 Tue, 31 Aug 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3926925 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3874832&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20360 (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3874832 Wed, 18 Aug 2010 07:27:47 +0100 3874832 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3797111&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20358 The main aim of this research was to assess the relative association between physical aggression and (1) self-control and (2) cost-benefit assessment, these variables representing the operation of impulsive and reflective processes. Study 1 involved direct and indirect aggression among young Indian men, and Study 2 physical aggression to dating partners among Spanish adolescents. In Study 1, perceived benefits and costs but not self-control were associated with direct aggression at other men, and the association remained when their close association with indirect aggression was controlled. In Study 2, benefits and self-control showed significant and independent associations (positive for benefits, negative for self-control) with physical aggression at other-sex partners. Although being vic... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3797111 Wed, 28 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3797111 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3774788&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20357 This study examined the concurrent and prospective associations between children's ability to accurately recognize facial affect at age 8.5 and antisocial behavior at age 8.5 and 10.5 years in a sub sample of the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children cohort (5,396 children; 2,644, 49% males). All observed effects were small. It was found that at age 8.5 years, in contrast to nonantisocial children; antisocial children were less accurate at decoding happy and sad expressions when presented at low intensity. In addition, concurrent antisocial behavior was associated with misidentifying expressions of fear as expressions of sadness. In longitudinal analyses, children who misidentified fear as anger exhibited a decreased risk of antisocial behavior 2 years later. The study suggests t... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3774788 Tue, 20 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3774788 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3748677&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20355 The objective of this study was to identify factors associated with antisocial behavior in 1,543 Marines who deployed to combat zones in support of conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan during 2002-2007. Five factors were associated with antisocial behavior in multivariate analyses: post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, deployment-related stressors, combat exposure, younger age, and being divorced. PTSD symptoms had a stronger association with antisocial behavior than any other variable. A unique and important finding of this study was the association between deployment-related stressors and a higher incidence of antisocial behavior. Because deployment-related stressors are potentially modifiable, the military may be able to address them in concrete ways such as by shortening deploym... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3748677 Tue, 13 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3748677 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3735689&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20356 It is widely accepted that narcissists become aggressive when they experience ego-threat. However, there is surprisingly little empirical research on the relationship between narcissism and aggression. Equivocal findings suggest that aggression in narcissists either occurs only in response to provocation, or regardless of provocation. One-hundred and thirty-seven collegiate men completed the Narcissistic Personality Inventory followed by a sham aggression paradigm, which afforded them the opportunity shock, or refrain entirely from shocking an ostensible opponent confederate. Participants were identified as "unprovoked aggressors," "retaliatory aggressors," or "nonaggressors" contingent on when and if they chose to administer electrical shocks to the confederate. Results indicated that par... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3735689 Thu, 08 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3735689 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3735692&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20351 The primary aim of this investigation was to examine the association between men's level of mindfulness and histories of alcohol consumption and sexual aggression toward intimate partners. Participants were 167 heterosexual drinking males who completed self-report measures of mindfulness, frequency and quantity of alcohol consumption during the past 12 months and sexual aggression against intimate partners during the past 12 months. Results indicated that a history of consuming larger amounts when drinking was associated with more frequent sexual coercion/aggression among men who reported low, but not high, levels of mindfulness. However, drinking more frequently by itself was not associated with more frequent sexual coercion/aggression. These results support the attention-allocation model... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3735692 Tue, 06 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3735692 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3735691&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20354 The relationship between self-perception of physical attractiveness and four measures of sexual bullying behavior (victimization, perpetration, having friends who sexually bully, and observation of sexual bullying among peers at school) was examined in a sample of 396 middle school age students. Students who perceived themselves to be more physically attractive than their peers reported sexually bullying others more, being sexually bullied by others more, observing more sexual bullying, and having more friends who sexually bully others than did students who perceived themselves as average looking. In addition, males who perceived themselves to be less physically attractive than their peers reported being victimized more and reported observing more sexual bullying in the school environment.... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3735691 Tue, 06 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3735691 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3735690&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20352 This study investigated the SAVRY in a sample of 144 high-risk adolescents (80 males and 64 females), focusing on gender discrepancies in the predictive utility of the measure. Results indicate that the SAVRY moderately predicts violent and non-violent reoffending in the entire sample, and also suggest that the SAVRY operates comparably across gender. Although not precluding the existence of gender-specific domains of risk, current results suggest that validated risk factors in boys hold relevance for the prediction of violence and delinquency in girls. Aggr. Behav. 35:1-15, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3735690 Tue, 06 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3735690 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3716773&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20353 The adverse consequences of violence on society are tremendous. The proportion of offenders incarcerated for violent offenses is large, and the cost of keeping these offenders incarcerated is startling. Understanding and treating the causal underpinnings of violent crime is of utmost importance for individuals and society as a whole. Several factors have been identified as potential contributors to violent crime, including cognitive deficits in executive functioning [Hoaken et al., 2007]. To investigate this further, 77 offenders from Fenbrook Institution, a federal facility, were tested on a battery of executive functioning measures. Offenders were found to have broad and pervasive dysfunction in their executive abilities. In addition, specific scores from the battery were found using reg... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3716773 Thu, 01 Jul 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3716773 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3838891&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20346 Abstract (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3838891 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3838891 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3838890&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20344 Abstract (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3838890 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3838890 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3838889&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20348 Abstract (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3838889 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3838889 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3838887&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20358 (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3838887 Wed, 30 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3838887 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3716774&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20350 Sex differences in relational and overt aggression among 3rd (n=176), 4th (n=179), and 5th graders (n=145) from three public schools (n=500; 278 girls) were examined. Nominations of relational aggression increased over time among 4th and 5th grade girls, but not among boys or 3rd grade girls. Among 3rd graders, boys received more nominations for relational aggression than girls. By the end of the 5th grade, girls received more relational aggression nominations than boys. There was also a significant rise in nominations of overt aggression among 5th grade girls, but not among 5th grade boys or younger boys and girls. As expected, boys were more likely than girls to be nominated for overt aggression at all grade levels. The findings are helpful for explaining inconsistencies of earlier resea... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3716774 Tue, 29 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3716774 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3643160&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20348 Politically aggressive militant groups usually rely on support from a larger community, although evidence suggests that only some members of that larger community support that aggression. A major subtype of political aggression is that associated with religious differences - or Religio-Political Aggression (RPA). Little previous research has explored demographic or psychological factors that might distinguish supporters from non-supporters of RPA. In an exploratory study, we investigated whether factors previously associated with aggression might correlate with support for RPA in the case of the Israeli/Palestinian conflict. During the second intifada, fifty-two 14-year-old Palestinian boys in Gaza completed self-report measures of life events, emotional status, and political attitudes. Te... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3643160 Tue, 08 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3643160 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3639407&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20349 Drawing from developmental theories of relational aggression, this article reports on a study designed to identify if spouses use relationally aggressive tactics when dealing with conflict in their marriage and the association of these behaviors with marital outcomes. Using a sample of 336 married couples (672 spouses), results revealed that the majority of couples reported that relationally aggressive behaviors, such as social sabotage and love withdrawal, were a part of their marital dynamics, at least to some degree. Gender comparisons of partner reports of their spouse's behavior revealed that wives were significantly more likely to be relationally aggressive than husbands. Structural equation modeling demonstrated that relational aggression is associated with lower levels of marital q... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3639407 Mon, 07 Jun 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3639407 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3544599&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20347 Previous research indicates that rejection by a group causes aggressive responses. However, in these previous studies, rejected participants were led to believe that they were liked and accepted before the rejection; likely, this rejection was highly unanticipated. Sociometer theory (Leary et al., 1995) proposes the existence of a psychological mechanism (a "sociometer") that enables individuals to detect potential rejection via others' reactions; a properly working sociometer affords a person predictive control over an interaction. We hypothesized the lack of predictive control inherent in previous rejection studies was a critical contributor to participants' aggressive responses; predictive control should lead to decreased aggression. To test this, we manipulated predictive control by va... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3544599 Fri, 07 May 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3544599 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3517692&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20345 This study provides new psychometric evidence to support the use of the APT to assess harsh parenting. Additionally, these data highlight the connection between acceptance and use of physical disciplinary strategies, propensity for disciplinary escalation, and risk for abuse perpetration. The findings are discussed in the context of Milner's Social Information Processing model [Milner, 2003] of abuse, which suggests that parental selection of disciplinary responding and the monitoring of disciplinary responding are key events in the disciplinary process. The APT may prove a useful adjunct to more commonly used self-report measures to allow for multimethod assessment of risk for punitive parenting. Aggr. Behav. 35:1-10, 2010. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3517692 Thu, 29 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3517692 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3517693&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20346 This study assesses how beliefs about aggression and personality can predict engagement in intra-group bullying among prisoners. A sample of 213 adult male prisoners completed the DIPC-SCALED (bullying behavior), the EXPAGG (beliefs toward aggression), and the IPIP (a five-factor measure of personality). It was predicted that bullies would hold greater instrumental beliefs supporting the use of aggression than the other categories, with perpetrators reporting lower scores on agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness to experience, and higher scores on neuroticism (i.e. low scores on emotional stability) than the remaining sample. Bullies and bully-victims endorsed greater instrumental aggressive beliefs than the victim category. Only one perpetrator group, bullies were predicted by re... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3517693 Wed, 28 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3517693 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3485272&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20344 We examined whether the effects of RWA and SDO on war support are mediated by moral-disengagement mechanisms [i.e., responsibility reduction, moral justification, minimizing consequences, and dehumanizing-blaming victims; Bandura, 1999] and whether the ideologies use the mechanisms differently. Our data were consistent with the possibility that minimizing consequences (Study 1) and moral justification (Study 2) mediate the effects of RWA and SDO on approval of war. Both ideologies were positively associated with all moral-disengagement mechanism though more strongly so for RWA. Comparisons within ideologies suggest that RWA was most strongly associated with moral justification and SDO was most strongly associated with dehumanizing-blaming victims. We discuss implications and limitations. A... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3485272 Mon, 19 Apr 2010 23:00:00 +0100 3485272 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3393091&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20343 In this study, data from the clinical records of 476 youth admitted to secure inpatient treatment were analyzed to examine relations among self- and other-directed aggression exhibit before and during inpatient treatment. Analyses tested the hypotheses that self- and other-directed aggression would tend to covary and display continuity from pre-treatment to in-treatment. Also tested were the hypotheses that youth with histories of co-occurring self- and other-directed aggression would show the highest levels of aggression during treatment and the greatest degree of personal and contextual risk on entering treatment. These hypotheses were largely supported. Exploratory analyses revealed interesting discontinuities in aggression (aggression emitted only before or during treatment) with criti... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3393091 Mon, 22 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3393091 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3381238&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20342 This study examined whether the effect of social group norms on 7- and 10-year-old children's aggression can be moderated or extinguished by contrary school norms. Children (n=384) participated in a simulation in which they were assigned membership in a social group for a drawing competition against an outgroup. Participants learnt that their group had a norm of inclusion, exclusion, or exclusion-plus-relational aggression, toward non-group members, and that the school either had a norm of inclusion, or no such norm. Findings indicated that group norms influenced the participants' direct and indirect aggressive intentions, but that the school norm moderated the group norm effect, with the school's norm effect tending to be greater for indirect vs. direct aggression, males vs. females, and ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3381238 Fri, 19 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3381238 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3345173&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20340 The aim of this study was to assess both violent and nonviolent offending behavior in a single, mixed-sex population. The rationale for this is that the two types of offending are usually researched separately, despite evidence that they overlap. A comprehensive measure of general violence, intimate partner violence (IPV), and nonviolent offending behavior was administered to 116 men and 181 women, together with measures of personality and personality disorder (PD) traits, to investigate whether predictors of violent and nonviolent offending were similar or different for men and women. Men were found to perpetrate higher levels of general violence and nonviolent offenses than women, but women perpetrated significantly more IPV than men. Cluster B PD traits predicted all three offense types... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3345173 Tue, 09 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3345173 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3333612&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20341 This study examined the relations between cultural values (i.e., individualism and collectivism) and aggression among 460 (234 girls) Chinese adolescents. Conflict level and social status insecurity were examined as potential explaining mechanisms for these relations. The results showed that adolescents' endorsement of collectivism was negatively related to their use of overt and relational aggression as reported by teachers and peers, whereas positive associations were found between the endorsement of individualism and adolescent aggression. Adolescents' conflict level and social status insecurity accounted for a significant part of these associations. Findings of this study demonstrate the importance of examining intracultural variations of cultural values in relation to adolescent aggre... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3333612 Fri, 05 Mar 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3333612 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3229903&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20338 This study tested separate and comorbid effects of five DSM-oriented mental health issues on self-reported violence using a community-based sample of Chicago youths from the Project on Human Development in Chicago Neighborhoods. Moreover, it utilized both primary caregiver and youth self-reports of psychopathology across four developmental stages of childhood and adolescence. When examined separately, the results indicated affective/depressive, anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity, and oppositional defiant/antisocial personality problems independently predicted violence. When considering comorbidity, however, only oppositional defiant and antisocial personality problems significantly predicted violence at any stage, regardless of informant type. Implications for future studies and poli... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3229903 Tue, 02 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3229903 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3229904&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20339 This study underscores the importance of considering multiple rather than single markers within candidate genes and their additive and interactive combinations, both with themselves and with nongenetic indicators, while attempting to understand the genetic background of such complex behaviors as serious conduct problems. Aggr. Behav. 35:1-19, 2010. © 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3229904 Mon, 01 Feb 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3229904 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3144563&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20337 An experimental preventive intervention nested into a longitudinal study was used to test the developmental distinctiveness of proactive and reactive aggression. The randomized multimodal preventive intervention targeted a subsample of boys rated disruptive by their teachers. These boys were initially part of a sample of 895 boys, followed from kindergarten to 17 years of age. Semiparametric analyses of developmental trajectories for self-reported proactive and reactive aggression (between 13 and 17 years of age) indicated three trajectories for each type of aggression that varied in size and shape (Low, Moderate, and High Peaking). Intent-to-treat comparisons between the boys in the prevention group and the control group confirmed that the preventive intervention between 7 and 9 years of ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3144563 Wed, 06 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3144563 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4092650&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20370 Abstract (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4092650 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4092650 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4070855&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20371 Abstract (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4070855 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4070855 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4029415&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20363 Abstract (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4029415 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 4029415 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3874834&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20362 (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3874834 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3874834 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3874833&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20359 (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3874833 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3874833 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3838888&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20354 (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3838888 Fri, 01 Jan 2010 00:00:00 +0100 3838888 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3119858&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20336 This study investigated the relationship between cognitive mechanisms, applied by people to rationalize and justify harmful acts, and engagement in traditional peer and cyber aggression among school children. We examined the contribution of moral disengagement (MD), hostile attribution bias, and outcome expectancies, and we further explored the individual contribution of each MD mechanism. Our aim was to identify shared and unique cognitive factors of the two forms of aggression. Three hundred and thirty-nine secondary school children completed self-report measures that assessed MD, hostile attribution bias, outcome expectancies, and their roles and involvement in traditional and cyber aggression. We found that the MD total score positively related to both forms of peer-directed aggression... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3119858 Fri, 25 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3119858 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3087793&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20335 Conclusion: As the incidents reported concerned aggressive and rule-breaking behavior as observed by the prison staff, the results are considered to be promising. However, as no significant improvements were found in a number of other (self-reported) outcome measures, the results should be interpreted with caution. Aggr. Behav. 35:1-10, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3087793 Tue, 15 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3087793 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=3069511&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20334 Increasing research is available on the preconditions for child mental health and optimal development in traumatic conditions, whereas less is known how to translate the findings into effective interventions to help traumatized children. This literature review analyses the effectiveness of psychosocial preventive interventions and treatments and their theoretical bases among children traumatized in the context of armed conflicts (war, military violence, terrorism and refugee). The first aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of preventive interventions in preventing emotional distress and impairment and promoting optimal emotional-cognitive and social development. The second task is to analyze the nature of the underlying mechanisms for the success of preventive interventions, and the theore... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=3069511 Wed, 09 Dec 2009 00:00:00 +0100 3069511 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2991108&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20332 In this study, the relations of proactive and reactive aggression with overt and covert manifestations of narcissism were examined in a sample of 674 Italian high school students (mean age=15.5 years, SD=2.1 years). Overt narcissism was positively related to both proactive and reactive subtypes of aggression, whereas covert narcissism related only to reactive aggression. Vanity, Authority, Exhibitionism, and Exploitativeness were the components of overt narcissism related to Proactive Aggression (all remained unique correlates when controlling for Reactive Aggression), whereas Reactive Aggression was associated with the Exhibitionism, Superiority, and Entitlement subscales (only the latter was uniquely related when controlling for Proactive Aggression). Aggr. Behav. 35:1-7, 2009. © 2009... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2991108 Sat, 14 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2991108 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2979667&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20330 This study examined the relationships of impulsive aggression (IA) and proactive aggression (PA) to psychopathy and symptoms of several Diagnostic and Statistical Manual Axis I disorders in a sample of criminal offenders. Results replicated prior findings from community samples of a broad relationship between psychopathology and IA. PA was related only to psychopathy. An interaction was found whereby IA was associated with impulsive-antisocial traits of psychopathy only for individuals with moderate to high levels of generalized anxiety. Results indicate that assessing and treating several Axis I disorders in offenders may decrease risk for IA. Moreover, current findings raise the possibility that generalized anxiety is a key, modifiable component of the relationship between IA and impulsi... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2979667 Wed, 11 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2979667 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2957375&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20331 Based upon a functional approach to understanding aggression, we aimed to identify the occurrence of and to describe the features of three types of alcohol-related violence defined a priori by ultimate goals: (1) violence in pursuit of nonsocial profit-based goals, (2) violence in pursuit of social dominance goals, and (3) violence as defence in response to threat. A sample of 149 young men with offences of violence that were alcohol related was interviewed. Cases were classified and detailed information from the first ten cases in each class (N=30) was subjected to thematic analysis. Intoxicated violence in pursuit of nonsocial profit-based goals was opportunistic and motivated by the desire for more alcohol or drugs. Violence, in these cases, although serious, appeared to be brief. Intox... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2957375 Wed, 04 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2957375 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2953231&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20333 This study aimed to investigate this question by using a simple animal model to test the behavioral effect of chronic passive exposure to aggression. Our results indicate that observer rats that had been passively exposed to aggression for 10 min per day for 23 consecutive days exhibited more aggressive behavior than controls or those groups undergoing a single exposure to passive aggression. Furthermore, aggression levels in the group of 23-day chronic exposure to aggression lasted 16 days after the recovery from exposure to aggression. These data suggest that the development of aggression in this model occurred through a learning process because only chronic exposure to aggression resulted in this behavioral outcome in the long run. Aggr. Behav. 35:1-13, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (S... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2953231 Tue, 03 Nov 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2953231 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2933236&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20328 A meta-analysis was conducted to determine whether nonexperimental studies revealed an association between men's pornography consumption and their attitudes supporting violence against women. The meta-analysis corrected problems with a previously published meta-analysis and added more recent findings. In contrast to the earlier meta-analysis, the current results showed an overall significant positive association between pornography use and attitudes supporting violence against women in nonexperimental studies. In addition, such attitudes were found to correlate significantly higher with the use of sexually violent pornography than with the use of nonviolent pornography, although the latter relationship was also found to be significant. The study resolves what appeared to be a troubling dis... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2933236 Tue, 27 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2933236 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2929612&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20329 We examined the causal relationship between playing violent video games and increases in aggressiveness by using implicit measures of aggressiveness, which have become important for accurately predicting impulsive behavioral tendencies. Ninety-six adults were randomly assigned to play one of three versions of a computer game that differed only with regard to game content (violent, peaceful, or abstract game), or to work on a reading task. In the games the environmental context, mouse gestures, and physiological arousal - as indicated by heart rate and skin conductance - were kept constant. In the violent game soldiers had to be shot, in the peaceful game sunflowers had to be watered, and the abstract game simply required clicking colored triangles. Five minutes of play did not alter trait ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2929612 Tue, 27 Oct 2009 00:00:00 +0100 2929612 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2918489&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20327 Research suggests that rumination increases anger and aggression. Mindfulness, or present-focused and intentional awareness, may counteract rumination. Using structural equation modeling, we examined the relations between mindfulness, rumination, and aggression. In a pair of studies, we found a pattern of correlations consistent with rumination partially mediating a causal link between mindfulness and hostility, anger, and verbal aggression. The pattern was not consistent with rumination mediating the association between mindfulness and physical aggression. Although it is impossible with the current nonexperimental data to test causal mediation, these correlations support the idea that mindfulness could reduce rumination, which in turn could reduce aggression. These results suggest that lo... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2918489 Thu, 22 Oct 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2918489 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2844856&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20325 Two studies investigated the role of beliefs about the acceptability of aggression ("normative beliefs") against Jews in determining who would join an extremist group. In Study 1, students in a university in Pakistan (N=144) completed self-report attitude measures, and were subsequently approached by a confederate who asked whether they wanted to join an extremist anti-Semitic organization. Normative beliefs about aggression against Jews were very strong predictors of whether participants agreed to join. In Study 2, participants (N=92) were experimentally assigned to either a brief educational intervention, designed to improve inter-group relations, or to a control group. They also filled in self-report attitude measures pre and post intervention. Participants in the intervention group wer... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2844856 Tue, 29 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2844856 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2830746&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20324 There is mounting evidence that physical aggression and nonaggressive, rule-breaking delinquency constitute two separable though correlated subtypes of antisocial behavior. Even so, it remains unclear whether these behavioral subtypes have meaningfully different interpersonal correlates, particularly as they are subsumed within the same broad domain of antisocial behavior. To evaluate this, we examined whether hostile perceptions of others (assessed via exposure to a series of neutral unknown faces) were linked to level and type of antisocial behavior aggression vs. rule-breaking, and moreover, whether this association persisted even when also considering the common association with negative affect (as manipulated via written recollection of one's best and worst life experiences). Analyses... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2830746 Thu, 24 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2830746 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2830747&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20321 The assessment of aggression against women is demanding primarily because assessment strategies do not share a common language to describe reliably the wide range of forms of aggression women experience. The lack of a common language impairs efforts to describe these experiences, understand causes and consequences of aggression against women, and develop effective intervention and prevention efforts. This review accomplishes two goals. First, it applies a theoretically and empirically based taxonomy to behaviors assessed by existing measurement instruments. Second, it evaluates whether the taxonomy provides a common language for the field. Strengths of the taxonomy include its ability to describe and categorize all forms of aggression found in existing quantitative measures. The taxonomy a... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2830747 Wed, 23 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2830747 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2780712&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20322 This research examines the relationship between childhood physical and sexual abuse and the types of crimes committed by male adult offenders. We use the method of discriminant prediction to determine whether independent and dependent variables are related in ways that theories predict. Our analyses of data from the Survey of Inmates in State and Federal Correctional Facilities suggest that offenders model specific behaviors to which they have been exposed. Male offenders who were sexually abused as a child are more likely to commit sexual offenses, particularly sexual offenses against children, than nonsexual offenses. Offenders who were physically abused are more likely to engage in violent offenses than nonviolent offenses. Further analyses show that sexual offenders, and to a lesser ex... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2780712 Wed, 09 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2780712 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2780711&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20323 We use experimental data from a nationally representative sample to examine whether gender and the victim's relationship to the offender affect attitudes about the seriousness of the offense and whether the offense should be reported to the police. We find that respondents are particularly likely to condemn men's assaults on women, and to favor reporting them. The pattern appears to reflect both greater moral condemnation of men's assaults on women and the belief that the victims of these assaults are in greater danger. In general, moral judgments and attitudes toward reporting do not depend on the gender, age, level of education, or political ideology of the respondent. Condemnation of men's violence against women, and support for police intervention when it occurs, are apparently widespr... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2780711 Wed, 09 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2780711 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2776791&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20320 Why do some countries, regions and schools have more bullying than others? What socio-economic, socio-political and other larger contextual factors predict school bullying? These open questions inspired this study with 53.316 5th- and 9th-grade students (5% of the national student population in these grades), from 1,000 schools in Colombia. Students completed a national test of citizenship competencies, which included questions about bullying and about families, neighborhoods and their own socio-emotional competencies. We combined these data with community violence and socio-economic conditions of all Colombian municipalities, which allowed us to conduct multilevel analyses to identify municipality- and school-level variables predicting school bullying. Most variance was found at the schoo... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2776791 Tue, 08 Sep 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2776791 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2707398&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20319 The aim of this study was to examine stability and change in genetic and environmental influences on reactive (impulsive and affective) and proactive (planned and instrumental) aggression from childhood to early adolescence. The sample was drawn from an ongoing longitudinal twin study of risk factors for antisocial behavior at the University of Southern California (USC). The twins were measured on two occasions: ages 9-10 years (N=1,241) and 11-14 years (N=874). Reactive and proactive aggressive behaviors were rated by parents. The stability in reactive aggression was due to genetic and nonshared environmental influences, whereas the continuity in proactive aggression was primarily genetically mediated. Change in both reactive and proactive aggression between the two occasions was mainly e... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2707398 Mon, 17 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2707398 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2680517&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20318 In this study, the effects of hostility and gender on the perception of angry, neutral, and happy faces and on the oscillatory dynamics of cortical responses elicited by these presentations were investigated using time-frequency decomposition by means of wavelet transforms. Feelings of hostility predisposed subjects to perceive happy and neutral faces as less friendly. This effect was more pronounced in women. In hostile subjects, presentation of emotional facial expressions also evoked stronger posterior synchronization in the theta and diminished desynchronization in the alpha band. This may signify a prevalence of emotional responding over cognitive processing. These effects were also more pronounced in females. Hostile females, but not hostile males, additionally showed a widespread sy... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2680517 Fri, 07 Aug 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2680517 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2624217&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20313 For a sample followed from age 9-13 (N=281), this investigation examined developmental trajectories for social and physical aggression as measured by teacher ratings. Trajectories for both forms of aggression were estimated first separately, then jointly. Mean levels of both social and physical aggression decreased over time for the overall sample, but with high variability of individual trajectories. Subgroups followed high trajectories for both social and physical aggression. Joint estimation yielded six trajectories: low stable, low increasers, medium increasers, medium desisters, high desisters, and high increasers. Membership in the high increaser group was predicted by male gender, unmarried parents, African American ethnicity, and maternal authoritarian and permissive parenting. Per... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2624217 Tue, 21 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2624217 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2624218&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20317 Psychopathy has long been associated with increased use of direct aggression and violence, especially among male inmates. Little research has, of yet, considered the relation between psychopathy and indirect forms of aggression. The current research sought to investigate the relationship between psychopathy and indirect aggression in a noncriminal sample. The results indicated that there was a strong relationship between psychopathic traits and indirect aggression, with strong correlations between indirect aggression and both factor 1 (coldheartedness) and factor 3 (impulsive antisociality). This association remained significant even after the effects of direct aggression had been controlled for. Path analysis indicated that both direct and indirect aggression was underpinned by the same p... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2624218 Mon, 20 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2624218 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2618926&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20316 This study sought to clarify the personality correlates of psychopathic tendencies in adolescents using the Antisocial Process Screening Device [APSD; Frick and Hare, 2001] and a youth adapted version of the Multidimensional Personality Questionnaire [Patrick et al., 2009, unpublished]. A combination of self- and parent-reports on the APSD (n=229) revealed that the three-facet model of psychopathic tendencies in youth was characterized by a similar constellation of personality traits as the psychopathic construct in adulthood [e.g., Hall, Benning and Patrick, 2004]. Specifically, low anxiety and trait aggression characterized the APSD Callous/Unemotional dimension, social dominance and trait aggression characterized the APSD Narcissism dimension, and disinhibition and low harm avoidance ch... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2618926 Mon, 20 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2618926 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2614956&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20314 There is converging evidence that physical aggression, rule-breaking, and social aggression constitute meaningfully distinct, if somewhat overlapping, components of the broader construct of antisocial behavior. Indeed, these subtypes appear to have different developmental trajectories, demographic correlates, and personological underpinnings. They also demonstrate important etiological distinctions. One potential limitation to accumulating additional scientific insights into the correlates and origins of these three types of antisocial behavior is the lack of an efficient self-report assessment in the public domain. We developed the 32-item Subtypes of Antisocial Behavior Questionnaire (STAB) to fill this gap. Our goal was to develop a brief measure that could reliably and validly assess e... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2614956 Sat, 18 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2614956 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2604556&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20315 The literature on pain and aggression has indicated that pain elicits aggression. However, research has generally examined pain as a situational variable and focused less on the dispositional ability of an individual to tolerate pain. The dearth of research on pain tolerance and aggression appears to contradict the existing theory on the aggression-eliciting effect of pain, in that studies have found a positive relationship between pain tolerance and aggression. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the relationship between pain tolerance and aggression is moderated by sex and whether the positive relationship could be explained by masculine gender role conformity. A sample of 195 collegiate men and women completed trait measures and a laboratory assessment of pain tolerance. ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2604556 Wed, 15 Jul 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2604556 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2495146&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20312 This study aimed at investigating whether this adulthood violent phenotype as seen previously in the SAL mice is fixed and hence behaviorally inflexible right from day 1 of the experiment or consequential, i.e., subject to gradual change from functional aggression to violence. The functionally hyper-aggressive strains namely TA and NC900 strains served as controls for the study. Methodologically, behavioral (in)flexibility was studied using the overall sequential structure of agonistic behavior. In particular, intra-individual variations in the overall agonistic behavior as well as offensive, pre- and post-offensive behavior transitions, directly related to the resident-intruder interactions were investigated. The SAL mice showed the least intra-individual variation in their overall sequen... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2495146 Wed, 24 Jun 2009 23:00:00 +0100 2495146 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2430702&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20311 The goal of the study was to assess two types of school-based interventions - a class intervention (integrated) and a small group counseling (segregated) intervention for highly aggressive children - and to determine which is more efficacious in reducing individual and classroom aggression, lessening internalizing and externalizing behavior, and increasing positive classroom relationships. The study, conducted in Israel, included 904 children from 13 schools. In each school, one age level was selected and divided randomly into three experimental conditions: psychoeducational class intervention, small group counseling, and control. In all classrooms, the highly aggressive children were identified a priori (n=166). Analyses were conducted separately for the aggressive children and their nona... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2430702 Sun, 24 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2430702 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2410183&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20310 This study is one of the first to examine the change over time in alcohol use for marital partners as related to marital aggression and internalizing symptoms. Our results shed light on areas of marital functioning (aggression, internalizing, alcohol use) that have not been investigated in conjunction with each other in a longitudinal design. Aggr. Behav. 35:1-17, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2410183 Fri, 15 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2410183 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2401302&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20309 This study addressed the hypothesis that the frequency of father-child RTP is related to the frequency of physically aggressive behavior in early childhood. This relationship was expected to be moderated by the dominance relationship between father and son during play. Eighty-five children between the ages of 2 and 6 years were videotaped during a free-play session with their fathers in their homes and questionnaire data was collected about father-child RTP frequency during the past year. The play dyads were rated for the degree to which the father dominated play interactions. A significant statistical interaction revealed that RTP frequency was associated with higher levels of physical aggression in children whose fathers were less dominant. These results indicate that RTP is indeed relat... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2401302 Sun, 10 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2401302 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2401303&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20308 An adolescent wild male Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata), following Kinkazan A troop, was attacked one-sidedly by multiple members of the troop. The victim was identified as PI, and was estimated to be seven±one year old. The aggressive interaction was recorded by video camera until the end. Although at least 16 troop members approached PI more than once, only three males (one adult, two adolescents) of A troop attacked him. PI kept crouching throughout the attack, then escaped to the shore and dived into the sea. The interaction continued for more than one hour. PI was found dead a few hours after the end of interaction. The damage caused by the assailants was not the direct cause of PI's death; it was due to hypothermia caused by drifting in the sea. PI's life history was reconstructed... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2401303 Fri, 08 May 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2401303 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2336708&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20307 Over three decades of research have established a positive connection between fantasizing about aggression and enacting aggression. Such findings have provided strong evidence against the catharsis view of aggressive fantasy. However, little attention has been paid to the potentially nuanced nature of the link between fantasy aggression and actual aggression. In the present article, we examined the influence of four variables in the aggressive fantasy-aggressive behavior link: gender, exposure to violence, fantasy absorption, and level of fantasy about harm befalling loved ones and the self (dysphoric fantasy). Using data from a diverse, community-based sample of 7-14-year olds and their mothers, we replicated the general finding that aggressive fantasy is positively associated with real-w... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2336708 Sat, 18 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2336708 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2336709&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20306 In conclusion, personality traits might be an important factor asymmetry between athletes influencing both the probability of winning or losing an agonistic interaction and the different anticipatory endocrine response to the incipient fight. Aggr. Behav. 35:1-10, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2336709 Thu, 16 Apr 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2336709 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2291296&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20303 This study assessed the effect of ingroup norms and empathy on 6 and 9-year-old children's (N=161) attitudes and aggressive intentions toward outgroup members. Prior to an intergroup drawing competition against an outgroup, participants' empathy was measured, and they were randomly assigned to a simulated group with a norm of direct or indirect aggression, or no aggression norm. Results indicated participants' attitudes were less positive toward the outgroup vs. the ingroup, and that both direct and indirect aggressive intentions were displayed toward the outgroup. Most importantly, the ingroup was liked less when it had an aggression norm, and the participants' aggressive intentions were not enhanced by the group aggression norm. Empathy was a significant negative predictor of direct but ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2291296 Thu, 26 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2291296 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2291297&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20302 This study attempts to identify characteristics of players who are more likely to employ unsanctioned methods in order to injure an opponent. Male Rugby Union players completed questionnaires assessing aggressiveness, anger, past aggression, professionalization, and athletic identity. Players were assigned to one of two groups based on self-reported past unsanctioned aggression. Results indicated that demographic variables (e.g., age, playing position, or level of play) were not predictive of group membership. Measures of aggressiveness and professionalization were significant predictors; high scores on both indicated a greater probability of reporting the use of unsanctioned aggressive force for the sole purpose of causing injury or pain. In addition, players who had been taught how to ex... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2291297 Mon, 23 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2291297 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2271241&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20304 The effect of sex, status, and mating cues on expected aggression was examined via three scenario-based studies in which participants imagined themselves in a situation with a same-sex instigator of a provocation. Participants were randomly assigned to receive a scenario, which included one of two levels of status of instigator (high, low), one of two levels of attractiveness of the instigator (unattractive, attractive), and one of two levels of provocation (apology, insult). Sex and dispositional aggressivity were also included in a full factorial design. Based on evolutionary psychology ideas, we anticipated that status and attractiveness would differentially influence expected aggression for men vs. women. Participants in Experiment 1 were instructed to imagine that they were alone, whe... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2271241 Tue, 17 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2271241 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2271243&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20305 In this study, we staged asymmetric resident-intruder encounters in males of the common wall lizard Podarcis muralis, a species showing three discrete morphs (white, yellow, and red) to investigate the effects of asymmetries in color morph, residency, and size between contestants on the outcome of territorial contests. We collected aggression data by presenting each resident male with three intruders of different color morph, in three consecutive tests conducted in different days, and videotaping their interactions. The results showed that simple rules such as residency and body size differences could determine the outcome of agonistic interactions: residents were more aggressive than intruders, and larger males were competitively superior to smaller males. However, we did not find any eff... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2271243 Mon, 16 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2271243 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2265897&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20279 This study compared the effects that playing a realistic violent, unrealistic violent, or nonviolent video game for 45 min has on such variables. For the purpose of this study, realism was defined as the probability of seeing an event in real life. Participants (N=74; 39 male, 35 female) played either a realistic violent, unrealistic violent, or nonviolent video game for 45 min. Aggressive thoughts and aggressive feelings were measured four times (every 15 min), whereas arousal was measured continuously. The results showed that, though playing any violent game stimulated aggressive thoughts, playing a more realistic violent game stimulated significantly more aggressive feelings and arousal over the course of play. Aggr. Behav. 35:1-12, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (Source: Aggressive Beh... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2265897 Sun, 15 Mar 2009 04:00:00 +0100 2265897 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2177244&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20301 How long do the effects of the initial short-term increase in aggression and physiological arousal last after violent video game play? Study 1 (N=91) had participants complete pre- and postvideo game measures of aggressive thoughts, aggressive feelings, and heart rate. Then, participants completed Time 3 measures after 4 min or 9 min of delay. Study 2 employed a similar procedure, but had participants (N=91) complete the hot sauce paradigm to assess aggressive behavior after a 0, 5, or 10 min delay. First, results indicated that aggressive feelings, aggressive thoughts, aggressive behavior, and heart rate initially increased after violent video game play. Second, results of the delay condition revealed that the increase in aggressive feelings and aggressive thoughts lasted less than 4 min,... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2177244 Wed, 11 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2177244 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2152592&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20300 Using data from the Columbia County Longitudinal Study, a 40-year longitudinal study following an entire county's population of third-grade students from age 8 to 48, we examine questions about the long-term consequences of aggressive and antisocial behavior in childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood. We found moderate levels of continuity of aggression from age 8 to 48 both for males and for females. Contrary to what some have proposed, we found that continuity of aggressiveness is owing to not only the high-aggressive participants staying high but also owing to the low-aggressive participants staying low. Compared with life-course-persistent low aggressives, we found that life-course-persistent high aggressives had consistently poorer outcomes across domains of life success, criminal... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2152592 Tue, 03 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2152592 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2149421&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20297 A random sample of 196 males, drawn from the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development, was divided into four groups of offenders using information from government registers of convictions between ages 21 and 47, from local police registers searched at age 21, from a Self-Report Delinquency Scale administered at age 36, from a Life History Calendar for ages 15-42, and from personal interviews at ages 27, 36, and 42. The groups were: persistent offenders (offences before and after age 21; 29% of the men); adolescence-limited offenders (offences before age 21; 27%); adult-onset offenders (offences after age 21; 16%); and nonoffenders (28%). The profile of the persistent offenders included many characteristics of antisocial personality and problems of social and psy... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2149421 Sun, 01 Feb 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2149421 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2144221&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20298 This study uses data from the longitudinal research program Individual Development and Adaptation, where an entire school-grade cohort of children in a middle-size Swedish city (n[sim]1.300) has been followed from ages 10 to 43 and 48 for women and men, respectively. Our findings indicate that the patterns of offending across the life-course differ between genders, where males seem to initiate their offending earlier than females. Further, there are very few women on a persistent offending-trajectory. Focusing on precursors to as well as consequences of offending as indexed in official registers, our results indicate that individuals in the persistent offender group have the most pronounced adjustment problems in school- as well as in middle age. Individual characteristics and behaviors (e... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2144221 Fri, 30 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2144221 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2137130&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20296 This article investigates the life success at ages 32 and 48 of four categories of males: nonoffenders, adolescence-limited offenders (convicted only at ages 10-20), late-onset offenders (convicted only at ages 21-50), and persistent offenders (convicted at both ages 10-20 and 21-50). In the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development, 411 South London males have been followed up from age 8 to 48 in repeated personal interviews. There was considerable continuity in offending over time. Persistent offenders had the longest criminal careers (averaging 18.4 years), and most of them had convictions for violence. Persistent offenders were leading the most unsuccessful lives at ages 32 and 48, although all categories of males became more successful with age. By age 48, the life success of adolesce... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2137130 Tue, 27 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2137130 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2137131&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20295 This study investigated the desensitization to violence over a short period of time. Participants watched nine violent movie scenes and nine comedy scenes, and reported whether they enjoyed the violent or comedy scenes and whether they felt sympathetic toward the victim of violence. Using latent growth modeling, analyses were carried out to investigate how participants responded to the different scenes across time. The findings of this study suggested that repeated exposure to media violence reduces the psychological impact of media violence in the short term, therefore desensitizing viewers to media violence. As a result, viewers tended to feel less sympathetic toward the victims of violence and actually enjoy more the violence portrayed in the media. Additionally, desensitization to medi... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2137131 Mon, 26 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2137131 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2089498&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20299 No Abstract (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2089498 Thu, 08 Jan 2009 05:00:00 +0100 2089498 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2045666&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20294 Aggressive responding following benzodiazepine ingestion has been recorded in both experimental and client populations, however, the mechanism responsible for this outcome is unclear. The goal of this study was to identify an affective concomitant linked to diazepam-induced aggression that might be responsible for this relationship. Thirty males (15 diazepam and 15 placebo) participated in the Taylor Aggression Paradigm while covertly being videotaped. The videotapes were analyzed using the Facial Action Coding System with the goal of identifying facial expression differences between the two groups. Relative to placebo participants, diazepam participants selected significantly higher shock settings for their opponents, consistent with past findings using this paradigm. Diazepam participant... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2045666 Thu, 18 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2045666 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=2026085&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20293 Theories of emerging adulthood, the evolutionary perspective, and the presence of turning points in the lives of 19-25-year olds were examined in relation to serious perpetrated violence for a cross-sectional sample of men and women (n=14,098) from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health (Add Health), Wave III. Perpetrated, self-reported violence included armed robbery, gang fighting, using a weapon in a fight, pulling a knife or gun on someone, or shooting or stabbing someone. Results showed that 11.3% of emergent adults had perpetrated at least one of these behaviors in the past year. Hierarchical logistic regression analysis partially supported the three theories for both men and women, beyond the contribution of violence in adolescence. The presence of Wave III violence wa... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=2026085 Thu, 11 Dec 2008 05:00:00 +0100 2026085 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1974439&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20288 This study examined testosterone levels in relation to peer victimization (bullying) in a sample of 151 boys and girls aged 12-13. Statistically controlling for age and pubertal status, results indicated that on average verbally bullied girls produced less testosterone and verbally bullied boys produced more testosterone than their nonbullied counterparts. Similar trends were evident comparing social and physical bullying with testosterone. Sex differences are discussed in terms of empirically validated differences in coping styles, as girls tend to internalize, whereas boys tend to externalize, their abuse. Aggr. Behav. 34:1-11, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1974439 Fri, 21 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1974439 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1968108&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20290 The relationship between exposure to violent electronic games and aggressive cognitions and behavior was examined in a longitudinal study. A total of 295 German adolescents completed the measures of violent video game usage, endorsement of aggressive norms, hostile attribution bias, and physical as well as indirect/relational aggression cross-sectionally, and a subsample of N=143 was measured again 30 months later. Cross-sectional results at T1 showed a direct relationship between violent game usage and aggressive norms, and an indirect link to hostile attribution bias through aggressive norms. In combination, exposure to game violence, normative beliefs, and hostile attribution bias predicted physical and indirect/relational aggression. Longitudinal analyses using path analysis showed tha... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1968108 Wed, 19 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1968108 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1933630&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20289 were investigated. Participants were 235 kindergarten children (M=6.2 years) and 136 elementary-school children (M=7.6 years) who were selected as aggressive or prosocial based on (kindergarten) teacher ratings. The children were asked to evaluate hypothetical rule violations, attribute emotions they would feel in the role of the victimizer, and justify their responses. Compared with younger prosocial children, younger aggressive children attributed fewer negative emotions and were more likely to provide sanction-oriented justifications when evaluating rule violations negatively. Furthermore, age-, gender- and context-effects in moral development occurred. The context-effects included both effects of transgression type (i.e., prosocial morality vs. fairness) on emotion attributions and mo... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1933630 Wed, 05 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1933630 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1933632&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20292 Direct and indirect aggression were studied in college students from China (women n=122; men n=97), a highly collectivistic culture; the US (women n=137; men n=136), a highly individualistic culture; and Poland (women n=105; men n=119), a culture with intermediate levels of collectivism and individualism. Consistent with a hypothesis derived from national differences in relative levels of collectivism and individualism, both direct and indirect aggression were higher in the US than in Poland and higher in Poland than in China. The theoretical implication of these results and directions for future research were discussed. Aggr. Behav. 34:1-7, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1933632 Tue, 04 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1933632 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1933631&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20291 Violent crimes (murders, rapes, and assaults) are substantially higher in countries with a relative scarcity of men according to research using INTERPOL data [Barber, 2000a]. This is a paradox given that males are more criminally violent and likely reflects increased direct mating competition. The present research sought to confirm and extend Barber's [2000a] finding, using murder data from the United Nations and homicides from World Health Organization that are of higher quality than the INTERPOL data, and using more rigorous controls. In addition to level of economic development, control variables included, income inequality, urbanization, population density, the number of police, and whether the country was a major center of illegal drug trafficking. Regression analyses with all control... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1933631 Tue, 04 Nov 2008 05:00:00 +0100 1933631 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1894230&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20283 The main aim of this study is to assess whether lack of self-control or the perceived costs and benefits of aggression provide the better predictors of bullying behavior and victimization, and direct aggression perpetration, in a sample of 122 male British prisoners. We also assessed whether bullying was associated with height and weight. Zero-order correlations showed that perceived benefits, self-control, and perceived costs were most closely associated with perpetration of bullying, and that lack of self-control was weakly associated with victimization. Height and weight were unrelated to bullying or victimization. In a standard regression analyses, perceived benefits was the strongest predictor of bullying perpetration, with lack of self-control contributing further; all three variable... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1894230 Wed, 22 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1894230 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1894232&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20284 This article focuses on two recent incidents of serious on-field violence in sports and the legal consequences for those involved. The two incidents occurred in Dutch football (soccer) and became infamous owing to the nature of the violent incidents and widespread media coverage. The legal outcomes of these two incidents are described, and some of the difficulties that legal authorities face in considering assaults on the sports field are discussed. A new way of categorizing such violent incidents and the motivation behind them, based on an established psychological theory [reversal theory, Apter, 1982, 2001] is proposed. Taken along with the other points made in this article, being aware of when and how individuals cross the boundaries between play and anger, power or thrill violence may ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1894232 Tue, 21 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1894232 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1894231&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20281 Studies show that personality dimensions such as aggression are influenced by genetic factors and that allelic variants located on the Y chromosome influence such behavior. We investigated polymorphisms on the male-specific region of the human Y chromosome in 156 unrelated males from the same ethnic background, who were administered the Punjabi translation of the Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire that measures four aspects that constitute aggressive behavior, i.e. physical aggression, verbal aggression, anger, and hostility. A value of .85 for Cronbach's coefficient [alpha] indicates considerable internal consistency and suggests that the psychometric properties of the aggression questionnaire can be adapted for the Pakistani population. A mean score±SD of 69.70±19.95 was obtained ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1894231 Tue, 21 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1894231 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1883123&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20286 This study confirms the importance of further evaluation of the role of perceived social status and shaming experiences in the understanding of aggressive behavior. Moreover, the results indicate the need for different kinds of status measures when investigating the associations between status and behavior in adolescent populations. The results may have important implications for the prevention of bullying at school as well as other deviant aggressive behavior among adolescents. Aggr. Behav. 34:1-13, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1883123 Fri, 17 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1883123 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1883124&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20282 This study assessed status goals in three ways, using dyadic network analysis to analyze the relations and goals among 10-11 and 14-15 year olds in 22 school classes (N boys=225; N girls=277). As a validation bullies were contrasted with victims. Bullies had direct status goals (measured with the Interpersonal Goal Inventory for Children) and showed dominance as measured with proactive aggression. Moreover, as predicted from a goal perspective, bullying behavior was related to prestige in terms of perceived popularity. In contrast, victims lacked status goals, were only reactively aggressive, and low on prestige. That being popular is not the same as being liked could be shown by the fact that bullies were just as rejected as victims by their classmates. Eighth-grade bullies had more direc... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1883124 Thu, 16 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1883124 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1855643&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20285 In this study, 104 children completed a task, measuring risk decision-making, and the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory for Children and Adolescents . Subjects were also asked to evaluate the degree of danger, benefit, fun and fear perceived for each risky choice. Analyses indicated that (a) risk decision-making was predicted by both trait anger and outward expression of anger; (b) appraisal of danger fully mediated the relationship between trait anger and risk; (c) perceptions of benefit, scare and fun partially mediated the relationship between trait anger and risk; and (d) appraisal of danger partially mediated the relationship between outward expression of anger and risk decision-making. The results provide evidence for a relationship between dispositional anger and risk decision-... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1855643 Tue, 07 Oct 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1855643 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1754156&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20280 This study, which involved two waves of measurement over a period of 12 months, examined first whether the positive association between relational aggression and two types of high status was moderated by social self-efficacy, leadership, cooperation, and peer sociability. It was expected that relational aggressors are most likely to gain high peer group status when they are also self-efficacious or prosocial. Second, this study examined the reciprocal association between relational aggression and high peer status. It was anticipated that relational aggression would contribute to higher perceived popularity and vice versa. Third, we also examined and hypothesized reciprocal effects between social self-efficacy, leadership, cooperation, and peer sociability and perceived popularity. Youth we... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1754156 Wed, 03 Sep 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1754156 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1660305&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20277 This study investigates the five-factor model of personality and its associations with both the use and receipt of psychological, physical, and sexual IPA in 179 men and 301 women. Each of the five factors of personality was associated with at least one type of IPA perpetration or victimization. The dimensions of neuroticism and agreeableness were the strongest predictors of IPA particularly for women. Results are discussed in terms of why personality should be considered as a predictor for both the use and receipt of IPA, why sex differences emerged, and future research that should be conducted. Aggr. Behav. 34:1-12, 2008. © 2008 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (Source: Aggressive Behavior) Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1660305 Tue, 29 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1660305 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1621844&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20276 In this study, SFMS and SCAT scores increased respectively over the competitive season. The SFMS score revealed a state of relative tiredness at the end of the season, highlighted by a slight decrement in physical performances. The SCAT score changes are related to the competition context and therefore increased accordingly to the importance of the competition stake. We analyzed the corticotrope and the gonadotrope axis before (T1), and at the end of the national and international rugby season (T2). Training did not affect the resting salivary cortisol (Csal) levels, but induced a decrease in resting testosterone (Tsal) values, resulting in a dropped T/C ratio. Competition, in both periods (T1-T2), provoked a significant increase in Csal levels, but the Tsal responses depended on the match... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1621844 Tue, 15 Jul 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1621844 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=1535035&cid=s_33692_36_f&fid=33692&url=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.1002%252Fab.20274 Two studies examined the effects of individual differences identified by the Confluence Model of aggression against women [Malamuth Linz, Hevey et al., 1995] and the General Aggression Model [GAM: Anderson and Carnagey, 2004] as predictors of male-on-female aggression. Study 1, a correlational study, found that hostile masculinity predicts self-reported sexual aggression independently of nonsexual aggression against women, and is itself predicted by proneness to general hostility, masculine gender role stress, and violent attitudes toward women. Furthermore, hostility toward women independently predicted sexual and nonsexual aggression against women, above the effects of general attitudes toward violence and general levels of hostility and aggression. Study 2, an experimental study, found ... Aggressive Behavior journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=1535035 Sat, 21 Jun 2008 04:00:00 +0100 1535035