MedWorm.com provides a medical RSS filtering service. Over 6000 RSS medical sources are combined and output via different filters. This feed contains the latest items from the 'American Journal of Clinical Pathology' source. Thu, 09 Feb 2012 00:42:07 +0100 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629931&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261440%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Marlar RA PMID: 22261440 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629931 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:57:45 +0100 5629931 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629930&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261441%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Duebgen S, Kauke T, Marschall C, Giebl A, Lison S, Hart C, Dick A, Spannagl M Abstract The diagnosis of thrombophilia caused by protein S deficiency remains difficult. From 2005 to 2010, we documented 135 patients with suspected hereditary protein S deficiency for whom mutational analysis of the PROS1 gene had been performed by direct double-stranded sequencing of the amplified 15 exons including splice sites. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification was performed on 12 of 15 exons in cases with no mutation found but a large deletion in the PROS1 gene was suspected. Mutations were identified in 49 patients, 9 by familial screening. Altogether, 17 new and 11 previously described mutations of PROS1 were identified among the 49 patients. After the exclusion of acquire... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629930 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:57:34 +0100 5629930 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629929&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261442%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bohling SD, Pagano MB, Stitzel MR, Ferrell C, Yeung W, Chandler WL Abstract We compared 2 commercial plasma procoagulant phospholipid activity (PPA) assays, chromogenic, using bound annexin V to capture phosphatidylserine-containing microparticles, and clot-based. In both, anionic phospholipids accelerated activation of prothrombin by factor Xa. PPA levels were lower in the chromogenic vs the clot-based assay, with poor correlation between methods: normal samples, mean ± SD, 27 ± 17 vs 590 ± 414 nmol/L (n = 24; r(2) = 0.29) and patient samples, mean ± SD, 45 ± 44 vs 401 ± 330 nmol/L (n = 51; r(2) = 0.26). Recovery of phosphatidylserine added to normal, heparinized, and warfarin plasma samples averaged 109% ± 39% using the chromogenic assay but was higher and more va... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629929 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:57:23 +0100 5629929 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629928&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261443%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Furtado LV, Lehman CM, Thompson C, Grenache DG Abstract Qualitative and quantitative serum human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) tests are used to diagnose pregnancy. We assessed physicians' perceptions and compared turnaround times (TATs) and performance characteristics of both tests. We surveyed 1,058 physicians about their perceptions of hCG tests. Seven months of TAT data were analyzed. hCG was measured in all qualitative samples. Pregnancy status was determined by chart review. Of the physicians surveyed, 183 responded. Forty-nine percent preferred qualitative over quantitative serum tests for determining pregnancy status. Physicians were willing to wait 45 minutes for results from either test. Qualitative tests are performed faster than quantitative tests, but TATs were... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629928 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:57:13 +0100 5629928 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629927&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261444%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Selvaggi TA, Walco JP, Parikh S, Walco GA Abstract We sought to determine if sufficient redundancy exists between specific IgE testing for Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger to eliminate one of the assays in determining Aspergillus hypersensitivity. We reviewed regional laboratory results comparing A fumigatus-specific IgE with A niger-specific IgE using the Pharmacia UniCAP system (Pharmacia, Kalamazoo, MI). By using the Fisher exact test as an index of concordance among paired results, we showed a significant difference between 109 paired samples for the presence of specific IgE to A fumigatus and A niger (P < .0001). Of these specimens, 94 were negative for IgE to both species, 10 were positive for A fumigatus and negative for A niger; no specimen was positi... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629927 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:57:02 +0100 5629927 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629926&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261445%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chen MH, Qi CX, Saha MN, Chang H Abstract del(17p13)(TP53) seems to be an independent poor prognostic factor in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (MM) receiving lenalidomide. However, whether aberrant p53 nuclear expression detected by immunohistochemical analysis can be used as a surrogate marker for del(17p13)(TP53) in prognostic evaluation of lenalidomide-treated relapsed/refractory MM remains unclear. The p53 expression in myeloma cells from 88 patients was evaluated by immunohistochemical analysis, and 17p13(TP53) gene status was examined by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). FISH detected hemizygous del(17p13)(TP53) in 13 (15%), and immunohistochemical analysis detected p53 nuclear expression in 11 cases (13%). del(17p13) (TP53) and p53 expre... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629926 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:56:52 +0100 5629926 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629925&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261446%26dopt%3DAbstract We report the results of flow cytometry immunophenotypic analysis in 42 cases of T-ALL and T/myeloid acute leukemia also assessed for FLT3 mutation. CD117 was expressed in 21 (50%), and FLT3 was mutated in 8 cases (19%; 1 T-ALL and 7 T/myeloid). FLT3-mutated cases were terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)+/CD2+ (7/8), cytoplasmic CD3+/CD5+ (5/8), CD7+/CD13+/CD15+ (4/6), CD33+ (4/8), CD34+, and CD117+ (bright). Cytochemistry showed myeloperoxidase-positive cells in all T/myeloid acute leukemias (3%-50%). We conclude that FLT3 mutation is rare in T-ALL, and its presence supports T/myeloid lineage. CD117 expression alone is sensitive but not specific for FLT3 mutation. The immunophenotypic profile of TdT, CD7, CD13, CD34, and CD117 (bright) is helpful for predicting FLT3 mutation, with... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629925 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:56:42 +0100 5629925 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629924&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261447%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tembhare P, Yuan CM, Morris JC, Janik JE, Filie AC, Stetler-Stevenson M Abstract Flow cytometric T-cell receptor V(β) repertoire analysis (TCR-V(β)-R) is a sensitive method to detect T-cell clonality; however, its implementation in low-cellularity specimens has not been established. We developed a strategy to use TCR-V(β)-R in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and fine-needle aspirate (FNA) specimens. Initially, full TCR-V(β)-R was evaluated in diagnostic/screening specimens from 8 patients with T-cell neoplasia to determine tumor-specific TCR-V(β) protein expression. Subsequently, an abbreviated, patient-specific TCR-V(β)-R evaluation was performed in 17 paucicellular specimens from the patients (8 CSF, 9 FNA) for staging and monitoring of minimal residual disease (MRD). A ... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629924 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:56:31 +0100 5629924 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629923&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261448%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the morphologic spectrum of myxoid liposarcoma by cataloguing and describing different patterns identified in biopsy and resection specimens of 46 primary, recurrent, and metastatic myxoid liposarcomas. The patterns identified in the 46 cases included traditional myxoid (43 [93%]), traditional round cell (17 [37%]), pseudoacinar (24 [52%]), lipoblast-rich (13 [28%]), island (11 [24%]), lipomatous (10 [22%]), stromal hyalinization (7 [15%]), cord-like (5 [11%]), nested (3 [7%]), chondroid metaplasia (2 [4%]), and hemangiopericytoma (HPC)-like (1 [2%]). Island and nested patterns had not previously been described. The diagnosis of myxoid liposarcoma was confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization studies for DDIT3 (also known as CHOP) rearrangement. The morphologic spectrum o... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629923 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:56:20 +0100 5629923 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629922&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261449%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of this study was to validate this finding at the messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis of 126 müllerian carcinomas and 23 malignant mesotheliomas showed significantly higher PRAME mRNA expression in the former tumor (P < .001; test sensitivity and specificity, 89% and 91%, respectively). PRAME protein was expressed in 41 of 50 müllerian carcinomas and 0 of 30 mesotheliomas using Western blotting (P < .001; test sensitivity and specificity, 82% and 100%, respectively). PRAME levels in müllerian carcinoma were unrelated to survival; however, PRAME protein expression was up-regulated in solid metastases compared with primary carcinoma and effusions (P < .001). Our data confirm that PRAME effectively differ... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629922 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:56:09 +0100 5629922 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629921&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261450%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sams SB, Currens HS, Raab SS Abstract Recent reports show that the sensitivity of endometrial carcinoma detection on liquid-based Papanicolaou (Pap) tests (88%) is considerably higher than that reported on conventional Pap smears (20%-30%), although few laboratories have corroborated these results. We performed a 5-year retrospective review of all liquid-based Pap tests (n = 69) in women who later were given a diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma, performed error root cause analysis, and developed quality improvement initiatives as a means of error reduction. The original and rescreened Pap test sensitivity rates for endometrial carcinoma were 31.9% and 59.3%, respectively. Root cause analysis showed that poor specimen quality and cognitive failures contributed to a false-ne... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629921 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:55:58 +0100 5629921 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629920&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261451%26dopt%3DAbstract We describe an institutional quality assurance study of an institutional method for the diagnosis of Helicobacter gastritis. We reviewed 356 gastric biopsy specimens from a 4-week period at 1 institution. Approximately half were evaluated by 4 methods, H&E stain, Giemsa stain, Warthin-Starry stain, and Helicobacter immunostain, while the remainder were stained only with H&E and Helicobacter immunostains. There were 30 cases of Helicobacter gastritis diagnosed; about 83% of cases were diagnosed on the initial H&E-stained slides. Our study highlights a quality assurance study and a head-to head comparison of 4 methods not previously reported and supports the use of ancillary stains at the discretion of the sign-out pathologist. PMID: 22261451 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Am... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629920 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:55:48 +0100 5629920 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629919&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261452%26dopt%3DAbstract We report 7 cases of metaplastic thymoma. The spindle components of the tumor seemed to be undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition, which is characterized by the loss of E-cadherin expression. Epstein-Barr virus seemed not to have an etiologic role in metaplastic thymoma. No gross genetic alterations were found by using comparative genomic hybridization. The patients were alive and well in follow-up ranging from 11 to 172 months (mean, 81.7 months). The findings suggest that metaplastic thymoma has a benign clinical course. Unless the histomorphologic findings show malignant features, surgical excision alone is recommended. PMID: 22261452 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629919 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:55:37 +0100 5629919 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629918&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261453%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Minot DM, Voss J, Rademacher S, Lwin T, Orsulak J, Caron B, Ketterling R, Nassar A, Chen B, Clayton A Abstract Image analysis of the HER2 immunohistochemical (IHC) stain can help determine which breast cancer patients may benefit from HER2-targeted therapy. We studied the concordance of HER2 IHC and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) as well as reproducibility of surgical pathologist (SP) and cytotechnologist (CT) interpretations using manual and image analysis methodologies on 154 IHC cases. Concordances with FISH were good for IHC negative (0, 1+) cases (range, 97%-100%) and positive (3+) cases (range, 87%-100%). Image analysis had fewer equivocal (2+) results (10.4%) than CT (14.9%) and SP (16.2%) manual methods, with higher concordances to FISH (31%, 26%, and 20... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629918 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:55:27 +0100 5629918 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629917&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261454%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kim SY, Kim JS, Hwang SH, Park HK, Lee JH, Lee DH, Hah SS, Park do Y Abstract For clinical epidemiologic and proteomic studies, the control of preanalytic variation, including sample processing and storage, is important. We evaluated the stability of progastrin-releasing peptide (ProGRP) as a marker for the quality control of stored serum and plasma samples. The ProGRP from 23 healthy volunteers was measured serially for 8 hours at room temperature, and the results were validated with clinical samples from the biobank. A significant difference in ΔProGRP was also noted between good-quality (time delay <4 hours before storage) and poor-quality (time delay ≥4 hours before storage) specimens (mean ± SD, 0.17 ± 0.08 vs 0.36 ± 0.14; P < .001; Wilcoxon signed-rank te... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629917 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:55:16 +0100 5629917 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629916&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261455%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pichler M, Hutterer GC, Chromecki TF, Jesche J, Kampel-Kettner K, Rehak P, Pummer K, Zigeuner R Abstract Histologic tumor necrosis (TN) has been reported to indicate a poor prognosis for different human cancers. In papillary renal cell carcinoma (RCC), data regarding the prognostic impact of TN are conflicting. We retrospectively studied the pathology records of 2,333 consecutive patients who underwent nephrectomy from 1984 to 2006 at a single tertiary academic center. In multivariate analyses regarding clear cell RCC, the presence of histologic TN was an independent negative prognostic factor for metastasis-free (hazard ratio [HR], 2.32; confidence interval [CI], 1.86-2.9; P < .001) and overall (HR, 1.52; CI, 1.31-1.76; P < .001) survival. Regarding papillary RCC, t... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629916 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:55:05 +0100 5629916 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629915&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261456%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lai CR, Hsu CY, Li AF Abstract A retrospective review was done to evaluate the importance of degenerative endometrial debris accompanied with benign-looking endometrial cells in Papanicolaou (Pap) smears. In total, 306 patients were divided into 2 groups according to the absence (group 1) or presence (group 2) of endometrial debris. Eighty-one (26.5%) patients received histologic follow-up. The biopsy rate for premenopausal patients in group 2 was the highest (24/48 [50%]). Multivariate analysis showed that presence of endometrial debris rather than menopausal status was more related to the biopsy procedure. Malignancy was found more often in group 2 (16/39 [41%]) than in group 1 (2/42 [5%]). A malignant result was also more closely related to endometrial debris rather tha... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629915 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:54:55 +0100 5629915 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629914&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261457%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stoler MH, Wright TC, Sharma A, Zhang G, Apple R, Wright TL, Behrens CM, Abstract We have previously shown that human papillomavirus (HPV) genotyping, using the cobas HPV Test (Roche Molecular Systems, Pleasanton, CA), can be used to identify women with atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US) at the highest risk for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grade 2 or worse. We investigated the impact of age stratification on the risk of CIN 2 or worse in women with ASC-US and the performance of HPV genotyping in different age strata. The sensitivity of the cobas HPV Test was 93.3% in the 21- to 29-year-old age group and 67.7% in the 40 years or older group, most likely owing to pathologic misclassification of CIN 2 or worse in older women. The preval... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629914 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:54:44 +0100 5629914 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629913&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261458%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhao L, Guo M, Sneige N, Gong Y Abstract We evaluated the detection rates of PAX8 and WT1 immunostaining in 68 (45 as cell blocks, 23 as smears) serous effusion specimens that had a cytologic diagnosis of metastatic carcinoma of ovarian origin. Of the cases, 58 (85%) were positive for PAX8, 56 (82%) were positive for WT1, and 64 (94%) were immunoreactive with either or both markers. Detection rates of PAX8 and WT1 were 85% (44/52) and 92% (48/52), respectively, for metastatic serous carcinoma and 100% (5/5) and 20% (1/5), respectively, for metastatic clear cell carcinoma. Detection rates using cell blocks and smears were 91% and 78%, respectively, with PAX8 and 82% and 83%, respectively, with WT1. We concluded that PAX8 and WT1 had comparable overall detection rates in con... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629913 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:54:33 +0100 5629913 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629912&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261459%26dopt%3DAbstract We report the case of a patient with myelodysplasia who had Sweet syndrome of the oral cavity. An atypical myeloid immunophenotype was present in the gingival biopsy specimen and in a concurrent bone marrow specimen. Fluorescence in situ hybridization performed on the gingival biopsy specimen demonstrated the same del(20q) cytogenetic abnormality present in the bone marrow, confirming the presence of a clonally related myeloid proliferation in both tissues. This is the first reported case of Sweet syndrome and myelodysplasia in which the chromosomal abnormality was identified in the neutrophilic infiltrate, confirming the neutrophilic infiltrate to be clonally related to the underlying myeloid neoplasm. PMID: 22261459 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Patholog... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629912 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:54:23 +0100 5629912 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5629911&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22261460%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Erber WN, Finlayson J PMID: 22261460 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5629911 Thu, 26 Jan 2012 22:54:12 +0100 5629911 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521062&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180471%26dopt%3DAbstract Beyond "cirrhosis": a proposal from the international liver pathology study group. Am J Clin Pathol. 2012 Jan;137(1):5-9 Authors: Hytiroglou P, Snover DC, Alves V, Balabaud C, Bhathal PS, Bioulac-Sage P, Crawford JM, Dhillon AP, Ferrell L, Guido M, Nakanuma Y, Paradis V, Quaglia A, Theise ND, Thung SN, Tsui WM, van Leeuwen DJ Abstract "Cirrhosis" is a morphologic term that has been used for almost 200 years to denote the end stage of a variety of chronic liver diseases. The term implies a condition with adverse prognosis due to the well-known complications of portal hypertension, hepatocellular carcinoma, and liver failure. However, recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of chronic liver diseases have changed the natural history of cirrhosis significantly. This cons... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521062 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:16:01 +0100 5521062 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521061&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180472%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Svensson AM, Lasala PR, Abstract Laboratory methods for detecting Clostridium difficile have undergone considerable evolution since the organism's etiologic association with antibiotic-associated diarrhea and colitis was established. Clearly, familiarity with the advantages and shortcomings of the various assays is essential for the laboratory director when choosing among these tests. For the consulting pathologist, furthermore, an understanding of the laboratory's role in securing a diagnosis of C difficile infection (CDI) is also required to identify requests for unnecessary testing that may be costly and potentially misleading. The purpose of this article is to highlight the major differences in laboratory test methods for CDI and to review a few commonly encountered p... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521061 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:15:50 +0100 5521061 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521060&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180473%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Laposata M PMID: 22180473 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521060 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:15:40 +0100 5521060 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521059&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180474%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined 25,553 repeated laboratory values for 30 common chemistry tests from December 1, 2010, to February 28, 2011, to determine whether this practice is necessary and whether it may be possible to reduce repeat testing to improve efficiency and turnaround time for reporting critical values. An "error" was defined to occur when the difference between the initial and verified values exceeded the College of American Pathologists/Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments allowable error limit. The initial values from 2.6% of all repeated tests (668) were errors. Of these 668 errors, only 102 occurred for values within the analytic measurement range. Median delays in reporting critical values owing to repeated testing ranged from 5 (blood gases) to 17 (glucose) minutes. PMID: 2218047... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521059 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:15:29 +0100 5521059 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521058&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180475%26dopt%3DAbstract We report that the addition of reducing agent solution can alleviate artifactual elevation of nephelometric determination of IgG and IgA concentrations. These results are consistent with dissociation of higher order IgM complexes, leading to reduction of nonspecific light scattering by IgM complexes in IgA and IgG nephelometric reactions. PMID: 22180475 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521058 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:15:18 +0100 5521058 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521057&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180476%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rollins-Raval MA, Fuhrer K, Marafioti T, Roth CG Abstract Neoplastic erythroid proliferations may represent a diagnostic challenge owing to the difficulty in characterizing immature erythroblasts. Immunohistochemical expression of aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), carbonic anhydrase isoenzyme I (CA I), and CD2-associated protein (CD2AP) was assessed in 66 bone marrow biopsy specimens and compared with glycophorin A and E-cadherin. ALDH, CA I, and CD2AP labeled neoplastic erythroblasts in most acute erythroid leukemias (AELs) and myelodysplasias and highlighted benign erythroid precursors within normal marrows, erythroid hyperplasias, acute lymphoblastic leukemias (ALLs), blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm, and most acute myeloid leukemias (AMLs). In 2 AELs, CD2AP wa... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521057 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:15:07 +0100 5521057 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521056&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180477%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Meyerson HJ, Blidaru G, Edinger A, Osei E, Schweitzer K, Fu P, Ho L Abstract Neuropilin-1 (NRP-1)/CD304 is a marker for plasmacytoid dendritic cells. We determined the distribution of NRP-1/CD304 expression on normal hematopoietic cells and in 167 acute leukemias by flow cytometry. NRP-1/CD304 surface expression was frequent in precursor B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (36/51 [71%]) and uncommon in acute myeloid leukemia (22.9%). In acute myeloid leukemia, expression was noted in all (4/4) acute myeloid leukemias with the M4eo subtype and in 50% of specimens (6/12) with complex cytogenetics. On hematopoietic cells, NRP-1/CD304 was expressed on normal erythroid progenitors, plasma cells, and B-cell progenitors, as well as plasmacytoid dendritic cells. Expression was not... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521056 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:14:56 +0100 5521056 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521055&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180478%26dopt%3DAbstract We describe the clinical and pathologic features of 20 cases of MALT lymphoma and associated amyloid deposition across diverse primary sites. Frozen section immunofluorescence performed on 4 cases suggests that these deposits are a localized form of AL amyloid. Clinical follow-up was available for 15 patients. Amyloid deposits distant from the initial site occurred in 5 cases, always at sites also involved by the underlying lymphoma. No definitive evidence of systemic amyloidosis affecting the heart, kidneys, or liver was present in any patient. Given the generally indolent clinical behavior of MALT lymphomas with associated amyloid, we do not recommend extensive follow-up testing for systemic amyloidosis or more aggressive therapy than would be indicated for other MALT lymphomas of simila... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521055 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:14:46 +0100 5521055 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521054&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180479%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: De la Salle BJ, McTaggart PN, Briggs C, Harrison P, Doré CJ, Longair I, Machin SJ, Hyde K Abstract A knowledge of the limitations of automated platelet counting is essential for the effective care of thrombocytopenic patients and management of platelet stocks for transfusion. For this study, 29 external quality assessment specimen pools with platelet counts between 5 and 64 × 10(9)/L were distributed to more than 1,100 users of 23 different hematology analyzer models. The same specimen pools were analyzed by the international reference method (IRM) for platelet counting at 3 reference centers. The IRM values were on average lower than the all-methods median values returned by the automated analyzers. The majority (∼67%) of the automated analyzer results overestimated t... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521054 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:14:36 +0100 5521054 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521053&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180480%26dopt%3DAbstract This study demonstrates that computational methods can be used on existing clinical FCM data to improve diagnostic accuracy and suggests similar computational approaches could be used to identify novel prognostic markers and perhaps subdivide existing or define new diagnostic entities. PMID: 22180480 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521053 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:14:26 +0100 5521053 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521052&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180481%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Amundsen EK, Henriksson CE, Holthe MR, Urdal P Abstract We compared the performance of the basophil count of 3 hematology instruments with a flow cytometric method (FCM) in which CD123 and CD193 were used as basophil markers. By analyzing 112 patient samples, we found the ADVIA 120 (Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics, Deerfield, IL) and CELL-DYN Sapphire (Abbott Diagnostics, Santa Clara, CA) to underestimate the number of basophils by approximately 50% and the Sysmex XE-2100 (Sysmex, Kobe, Japan) and ADVIA to overestimate the basophil count in some samples with pathologic leukocytes. All 3 instruments had large (25%-50%) analytic within-run coefficients of variation. Compared with the FCM, we found a relatively good correlation for the CELL-DYN basophil count (r = 0.81), an in... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521052 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:14:17 +0100 5521052 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521051&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180482%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Alapat D, Coviello-Malle J, Owens R, Qu P, Barlogie B, Shaughnessy JD, Lorsbach RB Abstract The membrane glycoprotein MRC OX-2 (CD200) is expressed in several lymphoid malignancies. However, the diagnostic usefulness and potential prognostic importance of CD200 expression have not been rigorously examined. We show that CD200 is uniformly expressed in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and absent in mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). It is important to note that expression of CD200 is retained even in CLLs with immunophenotypic aberrancies, making CD200 a particularly useful marker for discrimination between these cases and MCL. CD200 is expressed in nearly all precursor B-lymphoblastic leukemias, with aberrant overexpression or underexpression compared with normal B-cell progenit... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521051 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:14:08 +0100 5521051 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521050&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180483%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Reisenbichler ES, Horton D, Rasco M, Andea A, Hameed O Abstract The evaluation of HER2 status in invasive breast carcinoma can be performed by multiple methods. We assessed the feasibility of performing 2 of these, chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH) and immunohistochemical staining, on single tissue sections of breast carcinoma. During assay development, sequential performance of immunohistochemical staining after CISH resulted in weaker HER2 expression than that obtained when immunohistochemical staining was performed alone; this was ameliorated by increased antibody incubation time. Performance of both techniques in a combined/hybrid protocol resulted in HER2 protein expression and gene signals identical to those produced by the individual techniques performed alon... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521050 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:13:58 +0100 5521050 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521049&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180484%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jeung JA, Coran JJ, Liu C, Cardona DM Abstract We evaluated hepatocyte paraffin 1 (HepPar1) antigen expression, a sensitive marker of small intestinal differentiation, in combination with morphologic features to demonstrate intestinal differentiation in cases equivocal for Barrett esophagus (BE). Clinicopathologic features and HepPar1 expression were recorded for 54 BE cases, 45 consistent with reflux esophagitis (RE) cases, and 65 "suspicious" for BE (SBE) cases. The SBE category included RE cases with 2 or more morphologic changes associated with BE or metaplastic reaction to injury (eg, multilayered epithelium, squamous islands, goblet cell mimickers, pancreatic metaplasia). HepPar1 was expressed in all 54 BE cases, 4 of 45 RE cases, and 24 of 65 SBE cases. In SBE cases... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521049 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:13:48 +0100 5521049 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521048&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180485%26dopt%3DAbstract Using the electronic medical record to better define "no products of conception" as a critical value in anatomic pathology. Am J Clin Pathol. 2012 Jan;137(1):121-3 Authors: Renshaw A Abstract At present, the College of American Pathologists checklist requires documentation of communication of critical values in anatomic pathology to caregivers. Recently, our institution has begun using the electronic medical record to document the lack of imminent danger or emergency associated with the case rather than calling the caregiver. I sought to document this trend. The results of all critical values and all endometrial curettings with a diagnosis of "no products of conception seen" for the last 3 years at 1 hospital were reviewed. During the first 18 months, 0 of 11 critical cases... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521048 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:13:38 +0100 5521048 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521047&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180486%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Villelli NW, Jayanti MK, Zynger DL Abstract While several studies have assessed the efficacy of adrenal fine-needle aspiration, there are few data regarding adrenal tissue core biopsies. We performed a retrospective study, for a 12-year period, of 204 percutaneous adrenal core biopsy specimens. A core was the only specimen obtained, and on-site evaluation was not used. About half of the cases (104/204) were diagnosed as metastatic carcinoma, with lung as the most common origin (78/204). A specificity and sensitivity of 100% for benign vs malignant was calculated, with a specificity of 88% and sensitivity of 86% for specific diagnoses. Diagnostic and sampling errors were identified. False-negatives were limited to biopsies using 20-gauge needles. Cases with a clinical histo... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521047 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:13:28 +0100 5521047 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521046&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180487%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schmidt RL, Factor RE, Affolter KE, Cook JB, Hall BJ, Narra KK, Witt BL, Wilson AR, Layfield LJ Abstract Diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) studies on fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) often show considerable variability in diagnostic accuracy between study centers. Many factors affect the accuracy of FNAC. A complete description of the testing parameters would help make valid comparisons between studies and determine causes of performance variation. We investigated the manner in which test conditions are specified in FNAC DTA studies to determine which parameters are most commonly specified and the frequency with which they are specified and to see whether there is significant variability in reporting practice. We identified 17 frequently reported test parameters and fou... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521046 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:13:18 +0100 5521046 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521045&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180488%26dopt%3DAbstract In this report, we describe 3 cases of synovial sarcoma that manifested clinically as primary pericardial lesions. All 3 cases occurred in men in their fourth decade. Fever, cough, chest pain, and chest distress were the most common symptoms. Histologically, 2 of the tumors were spindle cell monophasic, and 1 tumor was biphasic. By immunohistochemical studies, the tumor cells were positive for cytokeratins and epithelial membrane antigen. In addition, the tumor cells displayed focal immunoreactivity for calretinin, cytokeratin 5/6, and HBME-1, resulting in the initial interpretations of malignant mesotheliomas. None of the 3 cases were diagnosed correctly until subsequent molecular cytogenetic assays demonstrated the presence of SYT gene rearrangements. As there are overlapping morphologic... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521045 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:13:08 +0100 5521045 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521044&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180489%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Currens HS, Nejkauf K, Wagner L, Raab SS Abstract Although rapid prescreening (RPS) has been shown to be an effective quality control procedure for detecting false-negative conventional Papanicolaou (Pap) tests, RPS has not been widely implemented in the United States. In our laboratory, cytotechnologists performed RPS in 3,567 liquid-based Pap tests: 1,911 SurePath (BD Diagnostics-TriPath, Burlington, NC) preparations that were manually screened and 1,656 ThinPrep Pap tests (Hologic, Bedford, MA) that were imaged using the ThinPrep Imaging System (Hologic). We compared the sensitivity of RPS, 10% rescreening (R-10%), and routine screening (RS). In contrast with previously published findings, we found that RS + RPS did not improve screening sensitivity compared with RS + R... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521044 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:12:57 +0100 5521044 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521043&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180490%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gupta P, Jhala D, Jhala N PMID: 22180490 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521043 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:12:46 +0100 5521043 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521042&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180491%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tjalma WA, Depuydt CE, Stoler MH, Wright TL PMID: 22180491 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521042 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:12:35 +0100 5521042 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521041&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180492%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Plebani M, Zaninotto M, Sciacovelli L, Piva E, Saw S PMID: 22180492 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521041 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:12:25 +0100 5521041 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5521040&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22180493%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Omert L, Popovsky MA, Kim JY, Dzik WH, Dighe AS, Lewandrowski KB PMID: 22180493 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5521040 Tue, 20 Dec 2011 15:12:14 +0100 5521040 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430414&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095366%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Plebani M, Laposata M, Lundberg GD Abstract Forty years ago, Lundberg introduced the concept of the brain-to-brain loop for laboratory testing. In this concept, in the brain of the physician caring for the patient, the first step involves the selection of laboratory tests and the final step is the transmission of the test result to the ordering physician. There are many intermediary steps, some of which are preanalytic, ie, before performance of the test; some are analytic and relate to the actual performance of the test; and others are postanalytic and involve transmission of test results into the medical record. The introduction of this concept led to a system to identify and classify errors associated with laboratory test performance. Errors have since been considered a... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430414 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:33:00 +0100 5430414 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430413&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095367%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pai M, Moffat KA, Plumhoff E, Hayward CP Abstract Critical values are vital to safe clinical and laboratory practice. To address the lack of information on critical values in coagulation, pattern-of-practice surveys were distributed to members of the North American Specialized Coagulation Laboratory Association. More than 70% of respondents had critical values for commonly performed tests. Median values were as follows: prothrombin time, more than 37 seconds; international normalized ratio, more than 5; activated partial thromboplastin time, more than 100 seconds; and fibrinogen level, less than 100 mg/dL. Critical value reporting generated a significant workload, with up to 15% of these tests yielding critical results. The median time to report critical values was 7 minut... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430413 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:32:51 +0100 5430413 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430412&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095368%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yeh SP, Chang CW, Chen JC, Yeh WC, Chen PC, Chuang SJ, Lin CP, Hsu LN, Chen HM, Lu JJ, Peng CT Abstract Recognizing and reporting a transfusion reaction is important in transfusion practice. However, the actual incidence of transfusion reactions is frequently underestimated. We designed an online transfusion reaction reporting system for nurses who take care of transfusion recipients. The common management before and after transfusion and the 18 most common transfusion reactions were itemized as tick boxes. We found the overall documented incidence of transfusion reaction increased dramatically, from 0.21% to 0.61% per unit of blood, after we started using an online reporting system. Overall, 94% (30/32) of nurses took only 1 week to become familiar with the new system, an... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430412 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:32:42 +0100 5430412 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430411&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095369%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gosselin R, Dager W, Roberts A, Freeman L, Gandy L, Gregg J, Dwyre D Abstract Telavancin (Vibativ, Astellas Pharma US, Deerfield, IL) is a lipoglycopeptide antibiotic that has activity against gram-positive microorganisms, but also has the ability to bind to artificial phospholipids found in coagulation reagents. Normal pooled plasma was spiked with telavancin to obtain concentrations of 0, 12.5, 25, 50, 75, 100, 125, and 150 μg/mL of drug. Samples were tested using 3 different prothrombin time/international normalized ratio (INR) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) reagent systems, as well as for fibrinogen level, thrombin time, D-dimer level, dilute Russell viper venom time (DRVVT), protein C activity, and protein S activity. There was no effect of telavanc... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430411 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:32:32 +0100 5430411 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430410&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095370%26dopt%3DAbstract We present a retrospective series of 5 cases of patients with Marfan syndrome and pulmonary pathology. Patients were young to middle-aged adults with absent or minimal smoking histories and absent to severe clinical pulmonary symptoms. Tissue specimens were obtained from the surgical pathology and autopsy services. Histologic examination revealed a consistent pattern of distal acinar emphysema in all patients. Comparisons are made with other cystic-type diseases of the lung that may histologically mimic this pattern. This is the largest contemporary series of histologic pulmonary involvement of Marfan syndrome and the first to describe this pattern of pulmonary changes in this patient population. PMID: 22095370 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430410 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:32:23 +0100 5430410 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430409&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095371%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the implications of applying these recommendations to clinical practice in 1,329 consecutive breast cancer cases. By ratio criteria, 23.2% of cases met the proposed criteria for heterogeneity, of which 81.6% were not amplified and 15.5% were equivocal by standard criteria. In contrast, the proposed criteria based on HER2 signals per cell classified only 6.5% of cases as heterogeneous, of which only 8% (7/87) were not amplified and 79% (69/87) were equivocal by standard criteria. These results show that the 2 proposed criteria sets are not equivalent and that the ratio-based definition results in large numbers of nonamplified cases being classified as heterogeneous. Further definition of optimal criteria with clinical relevance is needed before HER2 heterogeneity reporting is ad... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430409 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:32:13 +0100 5430409 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430408&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095372%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Antic T, Hyjek EM, Taxy JB Abstract Of patients with cryptorchidism, 5% have no palpable gonad. Physical examination or scrotal exploration demonstrates tissue nubbins or small nodules that constitute the vanishing testis syndrome. At the University of Chicago Hospitals (Chicago, IL; 2004-2008), 30 surgical pathology specimens from 29 patients with this clinical diagnosis underwent scrotal exploration. Histologic and immunohistochemical comparison was done with 7 fetal testes, 8 surgically removed nonneoplastic testes, and 2 cryptorchid testes. Routine histologic studies showed no seminiferous tubules in 18 cases (60%), fibrosis in all (100%), calcifications in 16 (53%), and hemosiderin deposits in 9 (30%). In 12 cases with seminiferous tubules (40%), there were Sertoli ce... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430408 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:32:04 +0100 5430408 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430407&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095373%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gunia S, Koch S, Hakenberg OW, May M, Kakies C, Erbersdobler A Abstract We evaluated HER2 expression profiles in 32 carcinoma in situ (CIS) and 31 non-CIS conditions (5 dysplasia and 26 reactive atypia) of the urinary bladder mucosa by applying breast cancer scoring rules. In situ hybridization was performed on tissue microarrays to assess HER2 gene amplification status. Our immunoprofiling data disclosed moderate to strong HER2 expression in CIS, including the basal layer of the urothelium, and absent to weak HER2 expression in non-CIS conditions. From the histologic differential diagnostic standpoint, immunostaining for HER2 protein represents a useful adjunct to aid in the delineation between CIS and non-CIS conditions of the bladder mucosa. Pathogenically, aberrant HER... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430407 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:31:54 +0100 5430407 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430406&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095374%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kalinski T, Zwönitzer R, Grabellus F, Sheu SY, Sel S, Hofmann H, Roessner A Abstract The use of lossy compression in medical imaging is controversial, although it is inevitable to reduce large data amounts. In contrast with lossy compression, lossless compression does not impair image quality. In addition to our previous studies, we evaluated virtual 3-dimensional microscopy using JPEG2000 whole slide images of gastric biopsy specimens with or without Helicobacter pylori gastritis using lossless compression (1:1) or lossy compression with different compression levels: 5:1, 10:1, and 20:1. The virtual slides were diagnosed in a blinded manner by 3 pathologists using the updated Sydney classification. The results showed no significant differences in the diagnosis of H pylor... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430406 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:31:46 +0100 5430406 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430405&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095375%26dopt%3DAbstract Eliminating the "atypia of undetermined significance/follicular lesion of undetermined significance" category from the bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology. Am J Clin Pathol. 2011 Dec;136(6):896-902 Authors: Singh RS, Wang HH Abstract The "Atypia of Undetermined Significance/Follicular Lesion of Undetermined Significance (AUS/FLUS)" category in the Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytology is heterogeneous and includes both specimens with borderline cellularity/compromised quality and those with genuine atypia. We have used a reporting scheme that is similar to the Bethesda System but does not include an AUS/FLUS category. We retrospectively reviewed all reports on thyroid FNA and thyroidectomy specimens submitted to the Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Cen... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430405 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:31:37 +0100 5430405 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430404&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095376%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined serum samples from 11 patients with SS for AECAs; 9 were positive by indirect immunofluorescence and Western blot studies. A highly distinctive band on Western blots corresponding to a 50-kDa protein was observed in 8 positive SS samples; the other positive case exhibited specific reactivity with a protein band at 40 kDa. Of the 2 negative cases, 1 had been inactive since 1988; the other was an abortive variant characterized solely by BRAOs. There was enhanced surface binding of SS serum using live endothelial cell substrates compared with samples from healthy subjects. Additional serum samples from apparently healthy patients, 2 with atypical migraines, and patients with other forms of autoinflammatory disease did not show the distinctive band of immunoreactivity. SS is a dist... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430404 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:31:27 +0100 5430404 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430403&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095377%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Yi X, Li J, Yu S, Zhang A, Xu J, Yi J, Zou J, Nie X, Huang J, Wang J Abstract Infection with high-risk (HR) human papillomaviruses (HPVs) has been confirmed as the necessary cause of cervical cancer. There are many studies that have established and confirmed the relationship of specific HPV types and the risk of invasive cervical cancer. We have developed a novel genotyping method for detecting 14 HR-HPV genotypes simultaneously with MassARRAY (Sequenom, San Diego, CA) technique based on the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). All 14 HPVs showed high specificities and high sensitivities in the plasmid test; lower detection limits for each genotype were from 10 to 100 copies. Furthermore, the MS system has high-thro... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430403 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:31:18 +0100 5430403 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430402&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095378%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Du H, Yi J, Wu R, Belinson SE, Qu X, Yang B, Wang C, Yi X, Belinson JL Abstract This was a population-based clinical trial of a polymerase chain reaction-based multiplex high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) assay using mass spectrometry (MassARRAY [Sequenom, San Diego, CA] matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry system [MALDI-TOF]). Participants were 10,000 women between the ages of 25 and 59 years in Guangdong Province, China (SHENCCAST II Study). All women collected a self-sample (tested with Cervista [Hologic, Marlborough, MA] and MALDI-TOF) followed by a clinician-collected cervical sample (for cytology, Hybrid Capture 2 [HC2; Qiagen, Gaithersburg, MD], Cervista, and MALDI-TOF). Patients with any abnormal result were asked to ret... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430402 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:31:09 +0100 5430402 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430401&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095379%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Dumur CI, Fuller CE, Blevins TL, Schaum JC, Wilkinson DS, Garrett CT, Powers CN Abstract Gene expression-based assays have been introduced into the clinical arena to assist in the diagnosis of poorly differentiated or undifferentiated tumors. The US Food and Drug Administration has cleared the microarray-based Pathwork Tissue of Origin (TOO) Test (Pathwork Diagnostics, Sunnyvale, CA) for the molecular characterization of such challenging specimens. We aimed at verifying the analytic and clinical performance of this test on 43 poorly differentiated and undifferentiated tumor samples, including 6 off-panel cases and 7 cancers of unknown primary (CUP). Our results showed 97% (95% confidence interval, 80.4%-99.8%) agreement between the Pathwork TOO Test result and the complete... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430401 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:31:00 +0100 5430401 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430400&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095380%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ikeda K, Tate G, Suzuki T, Mitsuya T Abstract The most commonly used fixative in effusion cytology is formalin. In the present study, the immunocytochemical properties of formalin-fixed and alcohol-fixed specimens were compared to evaluate the usefulness of alcohol-fixed cytocentrifuged preparations for routine cytologic diagnosis. A total of 269 effusion samples and 17 primary antibodies were used. The sensitivity of immunocytochemical studies in alcohol-fixed specimens was similar and correlated to that of formalin-fixed specimens, suggesting that alcohol-fixed cytocentrifuged preparations are useful in effusion cytology. Pretreatment with or without heat-induced antigen retrieval revealed that antigen retrieval was unnecessary for immunocytochemical studies with most pr... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430400 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:30:52 +0100 5430400 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430399&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095381%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hristov AC, Vonderheid EC, Borowitz MJ Abstract By using flow cytometry with markers for CD3, CD4, CD26, and CD7, we examined the blood samples of 109 patients for abnormal T cells: 69 patients with mycosis fungoides (MF)/Sézary syndrome (SS), 31 hospitalized control subjects, and 9 patients with inflammatory skin disease. T cells were identified as quantitatively abnormal (>15% CD26- or CD7- T cells) or phenotypically abnormal (CD26- or CD7- T cells with bright or dim CD3 or CD4 or bright CD7). Patients were followed for a median of 82 months, and abnormal T cells were correlated with diagnosis, clinical outcome, and other laboratory parameters. Abnormal T-cell populations were identified in 46% of patients with MF/SS (32/69) and correlated with disease extent. Quanti... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430399 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:30:41 +0100 5430399 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430398&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095382%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Horna P, Olteanu H, Kroft SH, Harrington AM Abstract Light chain (LC) expression by flow cytometry (FC) in B cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (B-NHLs) can occasionally be detected with one anti-LC antibody but not with another. We retrospectively analyzed 564 four-color FC files from B-NHLs, assessing LC staining with monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) and polyclonal antibodies (pAbs). Discrepancies in LC expression between mAbs and pAbs were present in 9.2% of cases, mainly in chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (CLL/SLL; 11.1%), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL; 10.2%), follicular lymphoma (9.5%), and mantle cell lymphoma (11.1%) and most frequently in body fluids. Equal proportions of cases were LC+ only with pAbs (4.8%) or mAbs (4.4%). Negative LC expressio... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430398 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:30:31 +0100 5430398 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430397&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095383%26dopt%3DAbstract This study has established a detailed and fast procedure for simultaneous sorting of up to 5 distinct maturation-associated B-cell subpopulations from human tonsils. PMID: 22095383 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430397 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:30:21 +0100 5430397 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5430396&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22095384%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Keren DF, Sample LR, Pornprasert S PMID: 22095384 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5430396 Mon, 21 Nov 2011 13:30:11 +0100 5430396 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364658&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031303%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Weiss RL, McKenna BJ, Lord-Toof M, Thompson NN, Abstract Through the combined efforts of the American Pathology Foundation (APF), the American Society for Clinical Pathology (ASCP), and the Program Directors Section (PRODS) of the Association of Pathology Chairs (APC), a needs assessment was performed via a survey on the PRODS listserv, workshops at the APC/PRODS annual meetings in 2009 and 2010, and a Work Group of representatives of APF, ASCP, and PRODS. Residency program needs and resource constraints common to training pathology residents in practice and laboratory management were identified. In addition, a consensus curriculum for management training was created to serve as a resource for residency training program directors and others. The curriculum was converted i... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364658 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364658 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364657&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031304%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: McDonald SA, Watson MA, Rossi J, Becker CM, Jaques DP, Pfeifer JD Abstract Banking of high-quality, appropriately consented human tissue is crucial for the understanding of disease pathogenesis and translation of such knowledge into improvements in patient care. Traditionally, tissue banking has been thought of as primarily an academic research activity, but tissue and biospecimen banking is increasingly assuming clinical importance, especially with the advent of genetic and proteomic testing approaches that rely on fresh or fresh frozen tissue. These approaches are part of the revolution in personalized medicine. This revolution's impact on biorepositories-their mission and day-to-day function-will be profound. Direct patient care will require structuring tissue procureme... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364657 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364657 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364656&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031305%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined 23 paired fresh and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded cardiac valve tissue samples, 12 of which had S aureus endocarditis, using the BD GeneOhm StaphSR Assay for the detection and differentiation of methicillin-susceptible and methicillin-resistant S aureus. This assay appropriately characterized all specimens with respect to the presence or absence of S aureus. There was an 87.5% correlation between the presence or absence of the mecA gene and the oxacillin susceptibility results for the S aureus isolates studied. The GeneOhm StaphSR assay accurately detected S aureus in cardiac valve tissue samples. Rare discordances were observed between oxacillin susceptibility status and mecA gene detection by this assay. PMID: 22031305 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal o... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364656 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364656 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364655&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031306%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Spencer DH, Sellenriek P, Burnham CA Abstract Blood cultures positive for gram-positive cocci in clusters can pose a dilemma for empiric antimicrobial therapy because they could represent coagulase-negative staphylococcus or Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia. The GeneXpert MRSA/SA BC Assay (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA) is a polymerase chain reaction-based method for identifying S aureus and methicillin resistance that has been approved for use in adults, but data on its use in samples from pediatric patients is limited. We validated the Xpert MRSA/SA BC Assay for use with anaerobic and polymicrobial specimens from pediatric patients and implemented it for routine presumptive identification of S aureus in our pediatric hospital. The assay was 100% sensitive and specific for methi... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364655 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364655 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364654&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031307%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined cytokines and other inflammatory markers in serum samples from 833 patients with multiple sclerosis and 117 healthy control subjects. A multiplexed immunoassay was used to assess the concentrations of 13 cytokines/inflammatory markers: interferon (IFN)-γ; interleukins (ILs)-1β, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 13; tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α; IL-2 receptor; and soluble CD40 ligand. Significant increases between patients and control subjects were found for IFN-γ (mean, 7.5 vs 0.4 pg/mL; P = .0002), IL-2 (mean 5.7 vs 1.0 pg/mL; P =.0002), IL-1β (mean, 23.0 vs 11.3 pg/mL; P ≤ .0001), TNF-α (mean, 4.1 vs 1.2 pg/mL; P = .01), IL-4 (mean, 1.4 vs 0.1 pg/mL; P ≤ .0001), IL-10 (mean, 16.8 vs 7.5 pg/mL; P = .03), and IL-13 (mean, 4.5 vs 0.8 pg/mL; P ≤ .0001). Profiling cytokines ... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364654 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364654 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364653&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031308%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Park Y, Park Y, Joo SY, Park MH, Kim HS Abstract We evaluated analytic performances of an automated treponemal test and compared this test with the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test (VDRL) and fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption test (FTA-ABS). Precision performance of the Architect Syphilis TP assay (TP; Abbott Japan, Tokyo, Japan) was assessed, and 150 serum samples were assayed with the TP before and after heat inactivation to estimate the effect of heat inactivation. A total of 616 specimens were tested with the FTA-ABS and TP, and 400 were examined with the VDRL. The TP showed good precision performance with total imprecision of less than a 10% coefficient of variation. An excellent linear relationship between results before and after heat inactivation ... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364653 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364653 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364652&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031309%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we tested 20 bone marrow specimens with known MM and a low concentration of monoclonal PCs for the presence of genomic abnormalities using FISH in combination with various PC enrichment techniques: magnetic cell sorting, targeted manual scoring, and automated image analysis. In addition, flow cytometric cell sorting of PCs in combination with FISH analysis was also tested for minimal residual disease applications. Different parameters were evaluated when assessing the detection efficiency of each approach. FISH results are highly dependent on the chosen enrichment method. We describe the evaluation of different techniques applicable for various laboratory settings and specimen parameters. PMID: 22031309 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Patholog... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364652 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364652 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364651&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031310%26dopt%3DAbstract The objective of the study was to evaluate the current standard practice of using volume and total nucleated cell (TNC) count for the selection of cord blood (CB) units for cryopreservation and further transplantation. Data on 794 CB units whose CD34+ cell content was determined by flow cytometry were analyzed by using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve model to validate the performance of volume and TNC count for the selection of CB units with grafting purposes. The TNC count was the best parameter to identify CB units having 2 × 10(6) or more CD34+ cells, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.828 (95% confidence interval, 0.800-0.856; P < .01) and an efficiency of 75.4%. Combination of parameters (TNC/mononuclear cells [MNCs], efficiency 74.7%; TNC/volume, efficiency 68.... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364651 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364651 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364650&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031311%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schmidt RL, Hunt JP, Hall BJ, Wilson AR, Layfield LJ Abstract We conducted a systematic literature review using MEDLINE and Embase to identify articles on diagnostic accuracy of frozen section (FS) for salivary gland lesions published between January 1, 1985, and December 31, 2010. We also reviewed the reference lists of all identified articles and conducted a forward search using Scopus to identify all articles citing the reference set. Meta-analysis was used to produce a summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve from which summary estimates of sensitivity and specificity were obtained. Study quality was assessed using the Quality of Diagnostic Accuracy Study (QUADAS) survey. The accuracy of FS was compared with that of fine-needle aspiration cytology using r... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364650 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364650 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364649&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031312%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Murali R, Zarka MA, Ocal IT, Tazelaar HD Abstract To determine cytologic features of epithelioid hemangioendothelioma (EHE) that would enable accurate diagnosis, we evaluated fine-needle aspiration biopsy (FNAB) smears from 11 histologically confirmed EHEs. The variably cellular smears comprised dispersed single cells and occasional cell aggregates. Dense stromal fragments were present in association with some tissue fragments. The cells were epithelioid, containing moderate or large amounts of dense cytoplasm. Nuclei exhibited mild pleomorphism, and nuclear grooves were identified in all cases. At least occasional intranuclear pseudoinclusions (INPIs) and intracytoplasmic lumina (ICLs) were present in all cases and in 9 cases (82%), respectively, and rare erythrocytes wer... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364649 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364649 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364648&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031313%26dopt%3DAbstract We describe our tissue-mapping protocol, and advocate its use as a standardized protocol for processing all partial mastectomy specimens. PMID: 22031313 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364648 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364648 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364647&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031314%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moatamed NA, Nanjangud G, Pucci R, Lowe A, Shintaku IP, Shapourifar-Tehrani S, Rao N, Lu DY, Apple SK Abstract Accurate determination of HER2/neu status in breast carcinoma is essential. Alteration of preanalytic variables is known to affect HER2/neu results. American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) and the College of American Pathologists (CAP) issued guidelines to standardize fixation for increased HER2/neu accuracy. We studied the effects of changing preanalytic variables on HER2/neu immunohistochemical and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) results in a known HER2/neu+ invasive carcinoma. The clinical specimen was processed according to ASCO/CAP guidelines, with remaining tumor stored fresh without any fixatives for 4 days at 4°C and cut into core biopsy-si... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364647 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364647 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364646&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031315%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jo VY, Fletcher CD Abstract p63 is a p53 homolog that is expressed in various normal epithelial tissues and epithelial malignancies. Its expression in mesenchymal lesions has not been examined in depth; therefore, we studied p63 expression by immunohistochemical analysis in 650 soft tissue tumors. We found that p63 expression is limited in soft tissue tumors. The majority of tumors studied were p63-, including all cases of angiosarcoma, lipomatous neoplasms, dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans, solitary fibrous tumor, schwannoma, neurofibroma, gastrointestinal stromal tumor, and leiomyosarcoma. Nuclear p63 reactivity was found in a subset of soft tissue myoepithelioma and myoepithelial carcinoma of soft tissue, cellular neurothekeoma, soft tissue perineurioma, Ewing sarcoma/pe... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364646 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364646 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364645&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031316%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Layfield LJ, Witt BL, Metzger KG, Anderson GM Abstract "Floaters" represent a potential cause of diagnostic error and may arise during tissue processing and slide preparation. Our objective was to determine the frequency of floaters in slides and features useful in their recognition. We reviewed quality assurance (QA) records for floaters in slides and prospectively examined 1,000 additional slides for floaters and documented floater size, location, and presence in 1 or more sections. In the 521,661 slides reviewed for QA, 65 floaters were detected: 28 were present in the tissue block, and 37 were found only in a single level. In the 1,000 prospectively examined slides, 12 floaters were detected; 9 were only in a single section. Floaters represent a potential source of dia... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364645 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364645 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364644&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031317%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barbareschi M, Cantaloni C, Del Vescovo V, Cavazza A, Monica V, Carella R, Rossi G, Morelli L, Cucino A, Silvestri M, Tirone G, Pelosi G, Graziano P, Papotti M, Dalla Palma P, Doglioni C, Denti MA Abstract Large cell carcinomas (LCCs) of the lung are heterogeneous and may be of different cell lineages. We analyzed 56 surgically resected lung tumors classified as LCC on the basis of pure morphologic grounds, using a panel of immunophenotypic markers (adenocarcinoma [ADC]-specific, thyroid transcription factor-1, cytokeratin 7, and napsin A; squamous cell carcinoma [SQCC]-specific, p63, cytokeratin 5, desmocollin 3, and Δnp63) and the quantitative analysis of microRNA-205 (microRNA sample score [mRSS]). Based on immunoprofiles 19 (34%) of the cases were reclassified as ADC ... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364644 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364644 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364643&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031318%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zhang J, Sun J, Liang Z, Gao J, Zeng X, Liu T Abstract The histopathologic features of 10 myxoid adrenocortical neoplasms were analyzed, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression, EGFR gene copy number, and EGFR gene mutations in the 10 tumors were detected by using immunohistochemical analysis, fluorescence in situ hybridization, and the Scorpion Amplification Refractory Mutation System (DxS, Manchester, England), respectively. Histologically, all 10 tumors varied in their myxoid composition, ranging from 20% to 95%. EGFR protein overexpression was more frequent in myxoid adrenocortical carcinomas (3/4) than in myxoid adrenocortical adenomas (0/6). However, EGFR mutations and EGFR amplification were rare. All patients with adenomas survived for the follow-up ... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364643 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364643 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364642&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031319%26dopt%3DAbstract We report 5 cases of pulmonary salivary gland-type tumors with features of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma. Patient ages ranged from 44 to 71 years (mean, 53.8 years); 4 patients were men and 1 was a woman. In all 5 cases, the lesions were associated with the bronchial system. None of the patients had a history of a head and neck salivary gland neoplasm. Histologically, the lesions were invasive tumors containing malignant myoepithelial elements and duct-like structures embedded in a benign chondromyxoid stroma. Areas reminiscent of residual pleomorphic adenoma were noted in 2 cases. Follow-up for 3 patients revealed that 2 died 22 and 54 months after diagnosis and 1 was alive 20 months after diagnosis. The cases are characterized by unique morphologic features that, coupled with their im... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364642 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364642 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364641&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031320%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Corradi D, Wenger DE, Bertoni F, Bacchini P, Bosio S, Goldoni M, Unni KK, Sim FH, Inwards CY Abstract Multicentric osteosarcoma (M-OGS) is characterized by multicentricity of osseous osteosarcomas, either synchronous or metachronous, without visceral involvement. The study's purpose was to clinicopathologically and radiographically analyze 56 cases of M-OGS (22 synchronous and 34 metachronous). The distal femur was the most common site. Histologically, all tumors were high grade. Of 22 patients with synchronous M-OGS, 16 had 3 or more simultaneous tumors; the axial skeleton was involved in 14 (64%) of 22 cases. In metachronous M-OGS, the second malignancy occurred after a median of 22 months. Treatment was surgery, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, or a combination of these. Pat... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364641 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364641 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364640&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031321%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, we directly compared the efficacy of the Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2; Qiagen, Valencia, CA) and Cervista assays (Hologic, Madison, WI). Consecutive cervical cytology specimens (n = 601) were tested using HC2, Cervista HR, and Cervista HPV 16/18 with analysis of only cytology-negative cases (n = 533). Results indicated no significant difference (P = .458) in prevalence rates between HC2 (7.5%) and Cervista HR (8.5%). The Cervista 16/18 prevalence was 1.6%. The negative percentage of agreement was 95.1% (468/492) vs a 70% (28/40) positive percentage of agreement. No false-negative results were detected by the Cervista internal DNA control. Our data show 29 discordant positive results (12 HC2 and 17 Cervista HR), suggesting some women with negative cytology may be triaged for unneces... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364640 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364640 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5364639&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D22031322%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hoda SA PMID: 22031322 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5364639 Tue, 01 Nov 2011 04:00:00 +0100 5364639 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223715&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917671%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Rinder HM, Grimes MM, Wagner J, Bennett BD, Abstract The Resident In-Service Examination (RISE) addresses 1 area of the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education Outcome Project; RISE results demonstrate progressive attainment of pathology knowledge during training. We compared RISE scores with primary pathology board certification success for residents graduating in 2008 and 2009. Overall RISE and nearly all sectional scores in anatomic and clinical pathology were significantly higher for residents passing all certifying examinations at the first attempt vs residents who failed any examination. The risk of failing increased with each lower quartile of overall RISE score, such that 34% (2009) and 54% (2008) of residents in the lowest quartile failed at least 1 ... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223715 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:52:38 +0100 5223715 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223714&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917672%26dopt%3DAbstract This article presents a common clinical case scenario regarding vitamin D and an up-to-date discussion and review of the literature on vitamin D testing. PMID: 21917672 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223714 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:52:03 +0100 5223714 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223713&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917673%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schmidt RL, Hall BJ, Layfield LJ Abstract Core needle biopsy (CNB) of salivary gland lesions is a relatively new technique that may offer benefits for diagnosis of the lesions. We conducted a systematic literature review to identify studies published between January 1, 1985, and March 15, 2011. Summary estimates of sensitivity and specificity were obtained by using a summary receiver-operating characteristic (SROC) curve. Study quality was assessed by using the QUADAS survey. We identified 5 studies (277 cases) for inclusion. The area under the SROC for CNB was 1.00 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.99-1.00). Based on histologically verified cases, the sensitivity of CNB is 0.92 (95% CI, 0.77-0.98) and the specificity is 1.00 (95% CI, 0.76-1.00). We conclude that CNB has hi... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223713 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:51:39 +0100 5223713 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223712&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917674%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Ross JS, Cronin M Abstract Traditional approaches to sequence analysis are widely used to guide therapy for patients with lung and colorectal cancer and for patients with melanoma, sarcomas (eg, gastrointestinal stromal tumor), and subtypes of leukemia and lymphoma. The next-generation sequencing (NGS) approach holds a number of potential advantages over traditional methods, including the ability to fully sequence large numbers of genes (hundreds to thousands) in a single test and simultaneously detect deletions, insertions, copy number alterations, translocations, and exome-wide base substitutions (including known "hot-spot mutations") in all known cancer-related genes. Adoption of clinical NGS testing will place significant demands on laboratory infrastructure and will r... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223712 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:51:12 +0100 5223712 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223711&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917675%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Stanek J Abstract To study clinical and placental associations of increased amount of chorionic disk extravillous trophoblast (IAEVT), the frequency of selected clinical and placental parameters of 189 consecutive cases with IAEVT, defined as more than 5 cell islands and/or placental septa per placental section, were compared with those for all remaining 1,006 placentas examined during the same period. IAEVT was statistically significantly associated with preeclampsia, decidual arteriolopathy, placental infarction, and several chronic placental hypoxic lesions (uterine hypoxic pattern of hypoxic placental injury, microscopic chorionic pseudocysts, massive perivillous fibrin deposition, and trophoblastic multinucleated giant cells in decidua) and absence of meconium stainin... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223711 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:50:46 +0100 5223711 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223710&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917676%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Moelans CB, Ter Hoeve N, van Ginkel JW, Ten Kate FJ, van Diest PJ Abstract Because formaldehyde is toxic and creates cross-links that may hinder immunohistochemical studies, we tested 3 new cross-linking (F-Solv [Adamas, Rhenen, the Netherlands]) and non-cross-linking (FineFIX [Milestone, Bergamo, Italy] and RCL2 [Alphelys, Plaisir, France]) alcohol-based fixatives for routine staining in comparison with neutral buffered formalin (NBF) as the "gold standard." Fresh tissue samples were divided into 4 equal pieces and fixed in all fixatives for varying times. After paraffin embedding, H&E staining, 7 common histochemical stains, and 9 common immunohistochemical stains were performed. RCL2 fixation resulted in soft and slippery tissue, causing sectioning difficulties. F-S... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223710 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:50:22 +0100 5223710 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223709&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917677%26dopt%3DAbstract This study reviewed 1 institution's 141-patient experience with tumors in adults arising in this clinical setting. The majority of tumors (71.6%) arose in the temporal lobe. The most common tumor types encountered included ganglioglioma (n = 38), low-grade fibrillary astrocytoma (n = 24), and low-grade oligodendroglioma (n = 22). Coexistent focal cortical dysplasia (type IA) was identified in 15 cases (10.6%). The largest group of tumors in adults were World Health Organization (WHO) grade II neoplasms compared with WHO grade I tumors in children. Gangliogliomas are the most commonly encountered neoplasms. Coexistent focal cortical dysplasia may be observed in a significant minority of tumors, suggesting a possible developmental origin for some of these neoplasms. PMID: 21917677 [PubMe... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223709 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:49:59 +0100 5223709 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223708&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917678%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Betz BL, Roh MH, Weigelin HC, Placido JB, Schmidt LA, Farmen S, Arenberg DA, Kalemkerian GP, Knoepp SM Abstract EGFR and KRAS mutation analyses are of increasing importance for guiding the treatment of non-small cell lung carcinomas. Insufficient cellularity of cell blocks can represent an impediment to the performance of these tests. We investigated the usefulness of cytologic direct smears as an alternative specimen source for mutation testing. Tumor cell-enriched areas from freshly prepared and archived rapid Romanowsky-stained direct smears in 33 cases of lung carcinoma were microdissected for DNA isolation and evaluated for EGFR and KRAS mutations. EGFR mutations were detected in 3 adenocarcinomas; 2 tumors had the L858R substitution and 1 an exon 19 deletion. KRAS mu... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223708 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:49:37 +0100 5223708 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223707&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917679%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Vanderlaan PA, Marqusee E, Krane JF Abstract The diagnostic category of atypia of undetermined significance (AUS) in the Bethesda System for reporting the results of thyroid fine-needle aspirations (FNAs) is intended to encompass findings associated with a low risk of malignancy. It is unclear if there are patterns within this evolving, heterogeneous category associated with differing risk of malignancy that might warrant alternative classification or clinical management. Therefore, a retrospective review of 512 AUS FNAs from January 2005 to May 2009 was done. Most malignancies associated with AUS were papillary carcinoma (86/96 [90%]), of which 85% (73/86) were follicular variants. Atypia qualifiers were correlated with the follow-up rate of malignancy. The risk of malign... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223707 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:49:11 +0100 5223707 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223706&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917680%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wright TC, Stoler MH, Sharma A, Zhang G, Behrens C, Wright TL, Abstract The ATHENA (Addressing THE Need for Advanced HPV Diagnostics) HPV study evaluated the clinical usefulness of the cobas HPV Test (Roche Molecular Systems, Pleasanton, CA) for high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) testing (14 HR types) and individual HPV-16/HPV-18 genotyping in women undergoing routine cervical cytology screening in the United States. For the study, 47,208 women were recruited, including 32,260 women 30 years or older with negative cytology. All women with positive results for HR-HPV (n = 4,219) plus a subset of HR-HPV- women (n = 886) were referred for colposcopy and biopsy. The overall prevalence of HR-HPV was 6.7% and of HPV-16/HPV-18 was 1.5%. Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia gr... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223706 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:48:44 +0100 5223706 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223705&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917681%26dopt%3DAbstract We report an unusual, rare case of primary epithelioid rhabdomyosarcoma of a lymph node in the parotid basin. A 72-year-old man with a history of squamous cell carcinoma of the forehead and cheek had a 5-cm mobile nontender mass of the parotid tail and right level II region. A positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan confirmed a hypermetabolic soft tissue mass in the right parotid gland. Histologic sections showed an intraparotid lymph node almost completely effaced by a centrally necrotic malignant epithelioid neoplasm consisting of uniform-appearing dyshesive cells exhibiting rhabdoid morphologic features with abundant eosinophilic fibrillary cytoplasm, eccentric nuclei, and prominent nucleoli. Bizarre cells were not seen. In immunohistochemical studies, neoplastic cells exp... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223705 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:48:13 +0100 5223705 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223704&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917682%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Hung YJ, Lin ZH, Cheng TI, Liang CT, Kuo TM, Kao KJ Abstract Gene expression profiles of paired hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and adjacent noncancerous liver tissue samples revealed preferential expression of midkine in HCC. This finding suggested the clinical usefulness of midkine measurement in serum for monitoring HCC treatment response, recurrence, and progression. A prospective study in 285 patients, 144 in complete remission and 141 at risk for developing de novo HCC, was conducted. The changes in serum midkine level were in parallel with disease activity in about 81% of patients with HCC. The study also revealed that rapidly rising serum midkine levels occurred in patients in the terminal stage of HCC. The rising rate of serum midkine levels was inversely correlate... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223704 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:47:51 +0100 5223704 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223703&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917683%26dopt%3DAbstract We examined the ability of the Verigene CLO assay (Nanosphere, Northbrook, IL) to identify CYP2C19 (*)2 and (*)3 polymorphisms in 1,286 unique whole blood samples. The Verigene CLO assay accurately identified homozygous and heterozygous (*)2 and (*)3 phenotypes with a specificity of 100% and a final call rate of 99.7%. The assay is fully automated and can produce a result in approximately 3.5 hours. PMID: 21917683 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223703 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:47:29 +0100 5223703 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223702&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917684%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Strathmann FG, Hoofnagle AN Abstract Mass spectrometry is an analytic technique with high specificity and a growing presence in laboratory medicine. Various types of mass spectrometers are being used in an increasing number of clinical laboratories around the world, and, as a result, significant improvements in assay performance are occurring rapidly in areas such as toxicology, endocrinology, and biochemical genetics. This review serves as a basic introduction to mass spectrometry, its uses, and associated challenges in the clinical laboratory and ends with a brief discussion of newer methods with the greatest potential for clinical diagnostics. PMID: 21917684 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223702 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:47:06 +0100 5223702 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223701&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917685%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Koopmans SM, Bot FJ, Lam KH, van Marion AM, de Raeve H, Hebeda KM Abstract Early phases of polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofibrosis (PMF) can be difficult to distinguish by morphologic studies alone because they share many morphologic characteristics. Histologic criteria according to the 2008 World Health Organization (WHO) classification are part of the myeloproliferative neoplasia (MPN) diagnosis. Our aim was to assess the reproducibility of morphologic characteristics and determine their relative importance for histologic diagnoses on selected trephine biopsy sections. For the study, 56 prefibrotic MPN trephine specimens were blindly reviewed by 4 hematopathologists using a scoring list of 16 histologic characteristics mentioned in the WHO... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223701 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:46:44 +0100 5223701 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223700&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917686%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Venkataraman G, Aguhar C, Kreitman RJ, Yuan CM, Stetler-Stevenson M Abstract By using flow cytometry, we studied CD103 and CD123 expression by the malignant cells in 300 B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder (BC-LPD) cases, including 114 hairy cell leukemia (HCL), 20 HCL variant (HCLv), 9 splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL; in 5, only CD103 was evaluated), 133 chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), 3 follicular lymphoma (FL), and 21 mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). All HCLs expressed uniform CD103 and bright CD123. Among the 20 HCLv cases, 20 (100%) were CD103+ and 8 (40%) were CD123+ (partial or dim). CD103 was negative in all MCL, FL, CLL, and SMZL cases. CD123 was positive in 1 (25%) of 4 SMZL, 3.8% of CLL (5/133), 7 (33%) of 21 MCL, and 1 (33%) of 3 FL cases. CD103 is specific... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223700 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:46:21 +0100 5223700 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223699&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917687%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: de Wit H, Nabbe KC, Kooren JA, Adriaansen HJ, Roelandse-Koop EA, Schuitemaker JH, Hoffmann JJ Abstract The aim of our study was to assess the fetal RBC count in maternal blood during uncomplicated pregnancies from 26 weeks onward. We used a flow cytometric method specifically designed for use in a routine hematology analyzer. Pregnant women were recruited through midwives. The participating laboratories used the FMH QuikQuant method (Trillium Diagnostics, Brewer, ME) in a CELL-DYN Sapphire hematology analyzer (Abbott Diagnostics, Santa Clara, CA). The method is based on a monoclonal antibody to hemoglobin F. Flow cytometric data were analyzed by 2 independent observers. The 95th percentile reference range was estimated according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institu... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223699 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:45:59 +0100 5223699 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223698&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917688%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Alhumaidan H, Cheves T, Holme S, Sweeney JD Abstract The processing of whole blood-derived platelet-rich plasma (PRP) to a platelet concentrate and platelet-poor plasma is currently performed within 8 hours to comply with the requirements to manufacture fresh frozen plasma. Maintaining PRP at room temperature for a longer period can have the advantage of shifting the completion of component manufacture onto day shifts. Pairs of ABO-identical prepooled platelets were manufactured by the PRP method, using the current approach with platelet storage in a CLX HP container (Pall Medical, Covina, CA) and plasma, or a novel approach with an 18- to a 24-hour room temperature hold of the PRP and the manufacture of pooled platelets in a glucose-containing additive solution (AS) and s... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223698 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:45:34 +0100 5223698 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223697&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917689%26dopt%3DAbstract We report a case of insidious multianticoagulant-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia in which AD pseudothrombocytopenia may be caused by 4 anticoagulants, eg, EDTA, sodium citrate, heparin, and sodium fluoride (NaF). Multianticoagulant-dependent pseudothrombocytopenia was confirmed by finding clumped platelets on microscopic evaluation in 4 anticoagulated blood samples. With this case, we tried a variety of reagents, including aminoglycosides, eg, gentamicin and amikacin, vitamin B(6), and aminophylline to inhibit pseudothrombocytopenia. Except for amikacin, all reagents failed to prevent pseudothrombocytopenia. Microscopic examination of K(2)-EDTA-, heparin-, sodium citrate-, and NaF-anticoagulated blood samples showed massive platelet clumping, but no aggregate was seen in the anticoagulate... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223697 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:45:07 +0100 5223697 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223696&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917690%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Favaloro EJ PMID: 21917690 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223696 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:44:43 +0100 5223696 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5223695&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21917691%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Park SJ, Kim JH, Shin JI, Ha TS PMID: 21917691 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5223695 Fri, 16 Sep 2011 19:44:22 +0100 5223695 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146264&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846908%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Saenz AJ, Johnson NV, Van Cott EM Abstract Lupus anticoagulants (LA) can cause acquired activated protein C resistance (APC-R), but the clinical significance is unclear. To investigate thrombosis and acquired APC-R in patients with LA, we enrolled all 132 patients undergoing hypercoagulability testing with positive LA results and in whom APC-R (with factor V-deficient plasma) was performed during a 2.5-year period. Among 121 patients without factor V Leiden, 24.0% had acquired APC-R; retrospective and prospective (mean follow-up, 2.0 years) thrombotic events were analyzed. The distribution of venous vs arterial thrombosis was different for APC-R vs no APC-R (P = .0064). The majority (19/29 [66%]) with acquired APC-R experienced venous thrombosis, whereas a minority experie... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146264 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 21:45:55 +0100 5146264 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146263&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846909%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pai M, Wang G, Moffat KA, Liu Y, Seecharan J, Webert K, Heddle N, Hayward C Abstract Platelet dense granule release assays are recommended for diagnosing platelet function disorders and are commonly performed by Lumi-Aggregometer (Chrono-Log, Havertown, PA) assays of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) release. We conducted a prospective cohort study of people tested for ATP release defects to assess bleeding symptoms. Reduced release, with 1 or more agonists, was more common among patients with bleeding disorders than among healthy control subjects (P < .001). The respective likelihood (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]) of a bleeding disorder or an inherited platelet function disorder were high when release was reduced with 1 or more agonists (17 [6-46]; 128 [30-545]), ev... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146263 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 21:45:51 +0100 5146263 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146262&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846910%26dopt%3DAbstract In this study, 2 patient populations, using different elution strategies, were compared to evaluate eluate yields under more and less restrictive conditions. An informative eluate was defined as one in which an antibody that could be clinically significant was detected in the eluate but was not detectable in the plasma at the time of elution testing. The results for 160 direct antiglobulin tests (DATs) and 160 elution studies were evaluated in 71 patients at the adult hospital (lenient criteria). The results for 372 DATs and 43 elution studies were evaluated in 123 patients at the pediatric hospital (strict criteria). The yields from these eluates were 0.6% at the adult hospital (C antibody) vs 2.3% at the pediatric hospital (Jk(a) antibody). Thus, the yield of information from eluate test... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146262 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 21:45:46 +0100 5146262 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146261&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846911%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Chambers LA, Chow SJ, Shaffer LE Abstract A massive transfusion protocol (MTP) in which most non-RBC transfusions were laboratory result-driven was updated to a 1:1:1 RBC/plasma/platelet formula-driven protocol. Platelet count, fibrinogen level, and prothrombin time (PT) were monitored. In the patients who survived the first 12 hours, the results of coagulation tests were analyzed. Irrespective of the MTP or transfused RBC/plasma ratio, a majority of patients became coagulopathic, usually within the first 2 hours, and a fibrinogen deficiency (fibrinogen level, <100 mg/dL [2.9 μmol/L]) was almost always the initial abnormality. The laboratory value trends under each MTP were indistinguishable: PTs were prolonged and platelet counts and fibrinogen levels fell during the ... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146261 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 21:45:41 +0100 5146261 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146260&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846912%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Peterson LR, Mehta MS, Patel PA, Hacek DM, Harazin M, Nagwekar PP, Thomson RB, Robicsek A Abstract Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) is changing as evidenced by increasing virulence, rising incidence, unresponsiveness to metronidazole therapy, and worse outcomes. Thus, it is critical that CDI diagnosis be accurate so ongoing epidemiology, disease prevention, and treatment remain satisfactory. We tested 10 diagnostic assays, including 1 commercial real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) test for the laboratory detection of toxigenic C difficile on 1,000 stool samples. Sensitive culture for toxigenic C difficile using 2 types of media with broth enrichment defined the reference standard. For the study, 1,000 tests were performed on samples from 919 patients. Of the sa... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146260 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 21:45:36 +0100 5146260 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146259&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846913%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Mahlen SD, Clarridge JE Abstract Although 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing is well established for correctly identifying bacteria, its most efficient use in a routine clinical laboratory is not clear. We devised and evaluated a strategy to select gram-negative rods and coccobacilli (GNRCB) for which sequencing might be necessary before routine identification methods had been exhausted. The prospectively applied selection criteria were primarily based on the isolate's display of unusual or discordant phenotypic results and/or disease correlation. By using this strategy, we selected a total of 120 GNRCB (representing only ∼2% of all identified). The strategy was demonstrated to be efficient because the preliminary phenotypic identification for 79.2% of those isolat... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146259 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 21:45:30 +0100 5146259 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146258&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846914%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Sherman MJ, Hanson CA, Hoyer JD Abstract Annexin-1 and T-bet are recently described immunohistochemical stains that reportedly assist in the diagnosis of hairy cell leukemia (HCL). Our objective was to assess the sensitivity and specificity of a panel of immunohistochemical stains in distinguishing HCL from other B-cell neoplasms, particularly splenic and extranodal marginal zone lymphomas (SMZL and ENMZL, respectively). The study included 234 bone marrow biopsy specimens: 101 HCL, 13 SMZL, and 10 ENMZL cases were assessed with CD20, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP), DBA.44, a-1, T-bet, and cyclin D1, and 110 control cases were assessed with annexin-1 and T-bet. Our study showed that annexin-1 is a specific and sensitive marker for HCL; however, interpretation is... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146258 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 21:45:03 +0100 5146258 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146257&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846915%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kotsianidis I, Nakou E, Spanoudakis E, Bouchliou I, Moustakidis E, Miltiades P, Vadikolia CM, Szydlo R, Karadimitris A, Tsatalas C Abstract Immunophenotyping is indispensable in the differential diagnosis of B-cell chronic lymphoproliferative disorders (B-CLPDs). However, B-CLPDs often show overlapping immunophenotypic profiles and may be diagnostically challenging. CD1d is an HLA class I-like molecule that presents glycolipids to invariant natural killer T cells. Normal mature B cells constitutively express CD1d, but with the exception of some conflicting data, its expression in B-CLPDs is unknown. We demonstrate that in 222 B-CLPD cases, CD1d expression of less than 45% is strongly predictive of CLL (likelihood ratio, 32.3; specificity, 97.4%; sensitivity, 84.1%). In add... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146257 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 21:44:47 +0100 5146257 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146256&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846916%26dopt%3DAbstract We report a case of a spindle pseudotumor of the lung resulting from Histoplasma capsulatum infection, a previously unreported cause of a spindle cell lesion in the lung. The patient was a 67-year-old woman in whom positron emission tomography-positive nodules developed in the left lung and left mediastinum. The patient had undergone renal transplantation and was receiving immunosuppressive therapy with mycophenolate, tacrolimus, and low-dose prednisone. Infection with H capsulatum was confirmed by culture of pleural effusion fluid, DNA probe analysis of the pleural fluid culture isolate, urinary Histoplasma antigen detection, and Grocott methenamine silver stains of tissue sections. To our knowledge, this is the first case of a spindle cell "pseudotumor" of the lung resulting from histopl... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146256 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 21:44:42 +0100 5146256 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146255&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846917%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carmona F, Carlotti AP, Ramalho LN, Costa RS, Ramalho FS Abstract The 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) caused significant morbidity and mortality. Acute lung injury is the hallmark of the disease, but multiple organ system dysfunction can develop and lead to death. Therefore, we sought to investigate whether there was postmortem evidence of H1N1 presence and virus-induced organ injury in autopsy specimens. Five cases in which patients died of influenza A (H1N1) virus infection were studied. The lungs of all patients showed macroscopic and microscopic findings already described for H1N1 (consolidation, edema, hemorrhage, alveolar damage, hyaline membrane, and inflammation), and H1N1 viruses were present in alveolar cells in immunochemical studies. Acute tubular necrosis was... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146255 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 21:44:37 +0100 5146255 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146254&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846918%26dopt%3DAbstract We report 3 cases of mastitis caused by gram-positive bacilli. All 3 abscesses were suppurative with distinct enlarged cystic spaces in which rare gram-positive bacilli were identified. Two cases were also granulomatous. Cultures in all 3 cases were negative. All 3 patients recovered after biopsy and tetracycline-based therapy. Infection in the breast by gram-positive bacilli is associated with a distinct histologic pattern, including cystic spaces in the setting of neutrophilic/granulomatous inflammation that can be recognized and should prompt careful search for the organism within enlarged vacuoles. PMID: 21846918 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146254 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 21:44:32 +0100 5146254 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146253&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846919%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Woodard AH, Yu J, Dabbs DJ, Beriwal S, Florea AV, Elishaev E, Davison JM, Krasinskas AM, Bhargava R Abstract The distinction between breast and müllerian carcinomas from each other and from tumors with a similar cytokeratin profile can be difficult. We tested the usefulness of 2 new markers, NY-BR-1 and PAX8, by staining a variety of breast and gynecologic carcinomas, along with tumors of pancreas, bile ducts, stomach, and gastroesophageal junction. NY-BR-1 expression (ie, H score >10) was seen in 58.4% of breast carcinomas (111/190), 5.6% of müllerian carcinomas (8/142), 7% of pancreatic tumors (1/15), 0% of cholangiocarcinomas (0/22), 0% of gastric tumors (0/36), and 0% of gastroesophageal carcinomas (0/25). All 188 breast carcinomas were negative for PAX8. PAX8 exp... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146253 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 21:44:28 +0100 5146253 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146252&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846920%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Weissferdt A, Moran CA Abstract Three cases of pulmonary squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are described displaying a prominent microcystic pattern closely resembling microcystic adnexal carcinoma of the skin (MAC). The patients were 2 women and 1 man aged 72 to 83 years. Histologically, in addition to conventional SCC, all tumors showed striking microcystic changes characterized by nests and strands of basaloid squamous cells with central cystic spaces, peripheral palisading, and cytoplasmic clearing of the central tumor portions. Follow-up available for 2 patients revealed that 1 was alive at 76 months and 1 had died 38 months after diagnosis. Microcystic SCC is an unusual variant of SCC of the lung histologically mimicking tumors with glandular or adnexal differentiation an... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146252 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 21:44:24 +0100 5146252 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146251&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846921%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Barr Fritcher EG, Caudill JL, Blue JE, Djuric K, Feipel L, Maritim BK, Ragheb AA, Halling KC, Henry MR, Clayton AC Abstract Cytologic evaluation of pancreatobiliary brushings is specific but poorly sensitive for malignancy. Detection of polysomic cells by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is significantly more sensitive than routine cytology with similar specificity. The purpose of this study was to identify cytologic criteria most associated with malignancy in specimens unaffected by sample failure. Endoscopic brushings were split equally for routine cytologic and FISH analyses per clinical practice. We retrospectively evaluated 16 cytologic criteria on Papanicolaou-stained slides. We assumed that the presence of polysomic cells by FISH indicated successful tumor ... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146251 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 21:44:20 +0100 5146251 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146250&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846922%26dopt%3DAbstract We describe 3 ovarian and 5 renal anastomosing hemangiomas. One manifested with polycythemia, others were incidental; none recurred. The mean patient age was 58 years. Three hemangiomas developed in end-stage renal disease. Tumors were well-demarcated, mahogany brown, spongy lesions measuring 0.1 to 5 cm. Tortuous large vessels fed and drained tightly packed anastomosing sinusoidal capillary channels. Four hemangiomas exhibited lobular architecture, central edema/hyalinization, and intravascular growth. Five cases had thrombosis, hemorrhage, and hemosiderin. One ovarian tumor induced stromal luteinization. Three tumors had foci of extramedullary hematopoiesis (one associated with polycythemia). Six cases demonstrated eosinophilic intracytoplasmic globules. Three cases included hobnail endo... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146250 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 21:44:16 +0100 5146250 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146249&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846923%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pannekoek Y, van der Ende A, Deutsch AJ, Kessler HH, Neumeister P PMID: 21846923 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146249 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 21:44:11 +0100 5146249 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5146248&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21846924%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Carbone A, Gloghini A PMID: 21846924 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5146248 Mon, 22 Aug 2011 21:44:07 +0100 5146248 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078376&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757590%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Jialal I, Devaraj S PMID: 21757590 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078376 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:34:56 +0100 5078376 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078375&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757591%26dopt%3DAbstract This report summarizes the salient diagnostic, clinical, and genetic features of plasma cell myeloma (PCM) and related neoplasms. Based on the cases submitted to the workshop, we highlight common diagnostic issues and unusual manifestations of plasma cell neoplasms, such as t(11;14)+ PCM, plasma cell leukemia, and nonsecretory plasmacytoma, as well as plasmablastic transformation of PCM. Additional issues repeatedly raised at the workshop included the differential diagnosis of extramedullary dissemination of PCM vs primary extramedullary plasmacytoma and plasmablastic lymphoma; systemic plasma cell neoplasms in immunocompromised people; and Epstein-Barr virus-associated plasma cell neoplasms. Difficult cases with borderline features presented by submitters emphasized the necessity of integ... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078375 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:34:49 +0100 5078375 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078374&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757592%26dopt%3DAbstract In this report, we review PBLs and related disorders in the context of submitted cases and illustrate key diagnostic points, highlight controversial areas, and provide recommendations on features that should be assessed and terminology that might be used when dealing with these lymphomas. PMID: 21757592 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078374 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:34:43 +0100 5078374 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078373&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757593%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Lin P, Molina TJ, Cook JR, Swerdlow SH Small B-cell lymphomas with plasmacytic differentiation frequently present diagnostic challenges. Session 3 of the 2009 Society for Hematopathology/European Association for Haematopathology Workshop focused on lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL). The submitted cases illustrated classic examples of bone marrow-based and nodal LPL and cases with atypical features, including unusual phenotypes or involvement of extranodal sites. Several cases showed varying degrees of overlap with marginal zone lymphoma, and, as acknowledged in the 2008 World Health Organization classification, a definitive distinction between these 2 possibilities cannot always be established. Session 6 of the workshop focused on other non-marginal zone lymphomas that may disp... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078373 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:34:36 +0100 5078373 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078372&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757594%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Molina TJ, Lin P, Swerdlow SH, Cook JR Marginal zone lymphomas of all types (nodal, splenic, and extranodal mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue [MALT]) may show plasmacytic differentiation. Distinguishing marginal zone lymphomas from other small B-cell lymphomas with plasmacytic differentiation, especially lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma, or from plasma cell neoplasms may be challenging. Marginal zone lymphomas with plasmacytic differentiation were discussed in 2 sessions of the 2009 Society for Hematopathology/European Association for Haematopathology Workshop. Session 4 focused on nodal marginal zone lymphomas, including cases exhibiting classic features and cases displaying atypical phenotypes. The difficulties of classification of cases with increased numbers of large cells were ... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078372 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:34:28 +0100 5078372 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078371&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757595%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Kulesza P, Ramchandran K, Patel JD Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is traditionally classified histologically, but until recently, the histologic subtype has had little impact on the selection of therapy. Drugs such as pemetrexed and bevacizumab are indicated for specific NSCLC subtypes, and this type of stratification represents the first step toward individualizing therapy in NSCLC. Beyond histologic features, the status of molecular targets, such as the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) gene, has been shown to correlate with response to treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors in patients with relapsed or refractory disease and in the first-line therapy setting. New therapies targeting the EGFR and other molecular aberrations are under way to help define spec... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078371 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:34:20 +0100 5078371 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078370&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757596%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wu X, Zayzafoon M, Zhang X, Hameed O Our aim was to compare the usefulness of fatty acid synthase (FASn) with that of α-methylacyl coenzyme-A racemase (AMACR) in the diagnosis of prostatic adenocarcinoma. The expression of these 2 markers was compared in a tissue microarray containing 62 foci of benign glands and 36 foci of prostatic adenocarcinoma. Similar to AMACR, there was significantly higher FASn expression in adenocarcinoma compared with that in benign glands. The optimal accuracy rate and area under curve (AUC) by receiver operating characteristic analysis for FASn were not significantly different from those for AMACR (accuracy, 80% vs 87%; AUC, 0.942 vs 0.956; P for both, > .05). Moreover, in cases with coexistent malignant and benign glands on the same core, FASn... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078370 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:34:11 +0100 5078370 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078369&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757597%26dopt%3DAbstract This study defined the role of Papanicolaou staining compared with an automated sperm analyzer in the management of infertility. We compared the morphologic features of sperm using Papanicolaou staining and an automated Sperm Quality Analyzer IIC-P (SQA-IIC-P; Medical Electronic Systems, Caesarea, Israel) and evaluated the role of factors affecting these features in semen samples from 201 infertile men. The sensitivity of the SQA-IIC-P was 85.5%, and the specificity was 87.3% compared with Papanicolaou staining. Although the positive predictive value of this instrument was 93.7%, the negative predictive value was only 73.3%. Moreover, sperm indices that are important for in vitro fertilization could be derived only by using the manual method. A strong correlation was seen with smoking and ... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078369 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:34:01 +0100 5078369 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078368&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757598%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Tsuta K, Liu DC, Kalhor N, Wistuba II, Moran CA Counting mitotic figures (MFs) is one of the essential factors for determining the histologic grade of pulmonary neuroendocrine carcinoma (NEC). We analyzed MFs by using a mitotic-specific antibody of phosphohistone H3 (PHH3) in 113 lung NECs (66 typical carcinoids [TCs], 12 atypical carcinoids [ACs], 20 large cell NECs [LCNECs], and 15 small cell lung carcinomas [SCLCs]). Subdivided by histologic subtype, the mean PHH3-stained MFs (mPHMFs) were 0.09 per high-power field (hpf) in TCs, 0.39/hpf in ACs, 7.84/hpf in LCNECs, and 9.42 in SCLCs. From the 5-year overall survival rate for mPHMFs, an mPHMF of more than 1.0 was the best threshold in all NECs and an mPHMF of more than 0.4 was the best threshold for differentiating ACs from ... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078368 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:33:53 +0100 5078368 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078367&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757599%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Zuo Z, Goel S, Carter JE The clinical implications of abnormal cervical cytology during pregnancy are unclear. Therefore, we performed the present study to determine the role of cervical cytologic screening during pregnancy in association with placental abnormalities and preterm birth. A review of 2,480 cases during 11 years revealed significant correlation of reactive, infectious, atypical, and dysplastic cytologic changes during pregnancy with abnormal placental findings. Also, all but dysplastic cytologic changes were significantly associated with preterm birth. Furthermore, we observed significant association of the presence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA with preterm birth and placental abnormalities. These findings indicate that cervical infection of HPV is ... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078367 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:32:59 +0100 5078367 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078366&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757600%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Bartlett AI, Starcyznski J, Robson T, Maclellan A, Campbell FM, van de Velde CJ, Hasenburg A, Markopoulos C, Seynaeve C, Rea D, Bartlett JM Heterogeneous expression or amplification is a challenge to HER2 diagnostics. A guideline defines heterogeneity as the presence of between 5% and 50% cells with HER2/CEP17 ratios of more than 2.20. We audited the frequency of such cells and their clinical impact in the results from 2 pathology laboratories combined with data from the TEAM [Tamoxifen vs Exemestane Adjuvant Multicentre] pathology study. HER2 reports were scanned and the percentages of amplified cells reported. Of 6,461 eligible cases, 754 (11.7%) exhibited 50% or more cells with ratios of more than 2.20, which is "amplified" by College of American Pathologists guidelines. Of... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078366 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:32:37 +0100 5078366 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078365&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757601%26dopt%3DAbstract In this report, we describe an unusual histologic pattern of in situ MCL that was identified in a staging lymph node for colonic adenocarcinoma resected 4 years before a diagnosis of symptomatic MCL. Retrospective immunohistochemical studies showed scattered cyclin D1-expressing cells within otherwise reactive germinal centers but not in the surrounding mantle zones. The presence of early MCL cells limited to reactive germinal centers represents a novel "follicular in situ" growth pattern for MCL, which overlaps morphologically with reactive follicular hyperplasia and follicular lymphoma and which could have implications for MCL pathogenesis. PMID: 21757601 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078365 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:32:20 +0100 5078365 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078364&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757602%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cui W, Sun J, Cotta CV, Medeiros LJ, Lin P Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with inv(3) (q21q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2) is a distinct subtype in the World Health Organization classification. The natural history of myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) associated with these cytogenetic aberrations is poorly understood. We studied 17 MDS (11 de novo and 6 therapy related) and 3 chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) cases associated with inv(3) (q21q26.2) or t(3;3)(q21;q26.2). The de novo cases were further classified as refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia (n = 8) and refractory anemia with excess blasts (n = 3). Isolated inv(3)/t(3;3) was identified in 4 cases, whereas -7/7q (n = 13) and -5/5q (n = 6) were common additional aberrations. Nineteen patients died, including 13 in... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078364 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:31:49 +0100 5078364 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078363&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757603%26dopt%3DAbstract This study evaluated the clinical, morphologic, immunophenotypic, and molecular cytogenetic features of 7 cases of CD4-/CD8- γδ T-LGL leukemia. Although this variant shares several clinical and morphologic features with the more common T-LGL leukemias, the incidences of autoimmune hemolytic anemia and pure red cell aplasia are higher. Another striking feature observed in our study was the lack of increased large granular lymphocytes in the peripheral blood in the majority of cases despite prominent bone marrow or splenic involvement. CD4-/CD8- γδ T-LGL leukemia also displays an immunophenotype and pattern of splenic involvement overlapping with hepatosplenic T-cell lymphoma. Clinically, this variant of T-LGL leukemia shows an overall indolent course, but treatment is often required in ... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078363 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:31:37 +0100 5078363 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078362&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757604%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wolgast LR, Cannizzarro LA, Ramesh KH, Xue X, Wang D, Bhattacharyya PK, Gong JZ, McMahon C, Albanese JM, Sunkara JL, Ratech H Spectrins are large, rod-like, multifunctional molecules that participate in maintaining cell structure, signal transmission, and DNA repair. Because little is known about the role of spectrins in normal hematopoiesis and leukemogenesis, we immunohistochemically stained bone marrow biopsy specimens from 81 patients for αI, αII, βI, and βII spectrin isoforms in normal reactive marrow (NRM), myelodysplastic syndrome, myeloproliferative neoplasm, acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with well-characterized cytogenetic abnormalities, acute erythroid leukemia (EryL), and acute megakaryoblastic leukemia (MegL). In NRM, spectrin isoforms were differentially expres... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078362 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:31:08 +0100 5078362 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078361&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757605%26dopt%3DAbstract This study evaluated the efficiency of these flags in 1,002 samples. The XE-5000 was compared with the XE-2100 (Sysmex) and microscopic examination of cell morphologic features. On the XE-2100, the blast flag demonstrated 90 false-positives, 13 true-positives, and 3 false-negatives. The values on the XE-5000 were 27 false-positives, 14 true-positives, and 2 false-negatives. The abnormal lymphocyte/lymphoblast flag was assessed with the atypical lymphocyte flag. The XE-2100 showed 114 false-positives, 23 true-positives, and 20 false-negatives, and on the XE-5000, there were 45 false-positives, 22 true-positives, and 21 false-negatives. This more specific flagging reduces the number of films that require manual review. PMID: 21757605 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Cli... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078361 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:30:35 +0100 5078361 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078360&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757606%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Juenke JM, Hardy L, McMillin GA, Horowitz GL Ethylene glycol ingestion, accidental or intentional, can be a life-threatening emergency. Assays are not available from most clinical laboratories, and, thus, results often require many hours or days to obtain. Enzymatic assays, adaptable to automated chemistry analyzers, have been evaluated, but they have been plagued by analytic problems. With an alternative method of data analysis applied to an existing enzymatic assay, a modified assay was developed and validated on 2 different automated chemistry systems. Compared with a previously validated method based on gas chromatography with flame ionization detection, the modified enzymatic assay showed excellent agreement on patient samples (y = 1.0227x -1.24; r(2) = 0.9725), with a la... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078360 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:30:23 +0100 5078360 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078359&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757607%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Strathmann FG, Ka MM, Rainey PM, Baird GS We investigated the use of serum samples from BD Vacutainer rapid serum tubes (RSTs; BD, Franklin Lakes, NJ) to reduce undetermined interferences contributing to false-positive immunoassay results in heparin plasma samples. Patients being evaluated for suspected myocardial infarction had specimens drawn into an RST in addition to the standard lithium-heparin plasma separator tube (PST). We measured 28 separate analytes in both specimens using immunoassay, electrochemical, and spectrophotometric methods. Higher results were observed in some PST specimens tested for troponin I, creatine kinase-MB isoenzyme, human chorionic gonadotropin, and thyroid-stimulating hormone. These discrepancies were investigated by repeating analyses after rec... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078359 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:30:17 +0100 5078359 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=5078358&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21757608%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Wick MR PMID: 21757608 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=5078358 Sat, 30 Jul 2011 14:30:09 +0100 5078358 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4984095&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21685025%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gown AM, Goldstein LC PMID: 21685025 [PubMed - in process] (Source: American Journal of Clinical Pathology) American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4984095 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 15:46:17 +0100 4984095 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4984094&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21685026%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Pierce A, Nester T, Drug-induced immune hemolytic anemia is considered to be rare but is likely underrecognized. The consulting pathologist plays a critical role in integrating serologic findings with the clinical history, as drug-induced antibodies should be distinguished as either drug-dependent or drug-independent for appropriate clinical management. Drug-dependent antibodies (DDABs) are most commonly associated with cefotetan, ceftriaxone, and piperacillin, whereas fludarabine, methyldopa, β-lactamase inhibitors, and platinum-based chemotherapeutics are frequent causes of drug-independent antibodies (DIABs). DDABs usually demonstrate a positive direct antiglobulin test and a negative elution, while DIABs are serologically indistinguishable from warm autoantibodies and ar... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4984094 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 15:46:13 +0100 4984094 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4984093&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21685027%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Panyasai S, Sukunthamala K, Jaiping K, Wongwiwatthananukit S, Singboottra P, Pornprasert S The β-chain hemoglobin (Hb) variants interfere with the diagnosis of β-thalassemia trait using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and capillary electrophoresis (CE). We analyzed the effect of Hb Hope, a β-chain Hb variant frequently found in the Thai population, on β-thalassemia trait diagnosis. HPLC and CE were used to quantify the level of HbA(2) in 11 whole blood samples containing Hb Hope. The levels of Hb Hope detected by both methods were similar. An elevated HbA(2) level was found in all samples analyzed by the CE method, while 1 was increased when analyzed by HPLC, which was a compound heterozygous of Hb Hope and α-thalassemia-1 SEA-type deletion. Of 11 samples, 6... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4984093 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 15:46:10 +0100 4984093 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4984092&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21685028%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Srisawasdi P, Chaloeysup S, Teerajetgul Y, Pocathikorn A, Sukasem C, Vanavanan S, Kroll MH Calculated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (cLDL-C) may differ from direct measurement (dLDL-C), and this difference may depend on presence of small, dense LDL (sdLDL) particles in addition to variation in triglycerides (TG) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) concentrations. The presence of such dependence would offer a simple means to estimate sdLDL. We studied dependence of sdLDL on cLDL-C, dLDL-C, and other variables. We measured the levels of glucose, creatinine, total cholesterol, TG, HDL-C, and dLDL-C using standardized methods in 297 samples. For sdLDL cholesterol (sdLDL-C), a novel homogeneous assay was used. The cLDL-C was calculated using the Friedewald formul... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4984092 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 15:46:06 +0100 4984092 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4984091&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21685029%26dopt%3DAbstract We report the use of text messages to notify critical laboratory results in a large teaching hospital to manage the documentation and audit requirements of critical result reporting by regulatory agencies. The text messaging system (critical reportable result health care messaging system [CRR-HMS]) allows a receiver to acknowledge or reject a critical result by short message service reply. Failure to obtain a confirmatory receipt within 10 minutes produces an automated escalation to an alternative physician according to a roster. The median time required for physician response decreased from 7.3 minutes to 2 minutes after implementation of the CRR-HMS. The CRR-HMS is a clinically useful tool to rapidly communicate critical results to targeted physicians to facilitate rapid and timely inter... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4984091 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 15:46:02 +0100 4984091 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4984090&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21685030%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Arce J, Levin M, Xie Q, Albanese J, Ratech H Because T-regulatory cells (Tregs) can harmfully impair HIV-specific responses or beneficially limit immune activation, we compared the number of Tregs in lymph nodes from 48 HIV+ patients and 106 HIV- subjects. By using a microscope counting grid, we found that the mean ± SD number of Tregs in lymph nodes was 3 times greater in HIV+ males than HIV+ females (23.5 ± 20.7 vs 7.8 ± 7.7; P = .0006) and almost twice as great in HIV+ males than HIV- males (23.5 ± 20.7 vs 13.5 ± 15.5; P = .04). There were fewer Tregs in HIV+ females than in HIV- females (mean ± SD, 7.8 ± 7.7 vs 13.4 ± 13.3; P = .04). HIV+ males compared with HIV+ females had higher viral loads (VLs) and lower peripheral blood (PB) CD4 cell counts (mean ± SD, 239,8... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4984090 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 15:45:58 +0100 4984090 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4984089&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21685031%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Schmidt RL, Hall BJ, Wilson AR, Layfield LJ The clinical usefulness of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) for the diagnosis of parotid gland lesions is controversial. Many accuracy studies have been published, but the literature has not been adequately summarized. We identified 64 studies on the diagnosis of malignancy (6,169 cases) and 7 studies on the diagnosis of neoplasia (795 cases). The diagnosis of neoplasia (area under the summary receiver operating characteristic [AUSROC] curve, 0.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.97-1.00) had higher accuracy than the diagnosis of malignancy (AUSROC, 0.96; 95% CI, 0.94-0.97). Several sources of bias were identified that could affect study estimates. Studies on the diagnosis of malignancy showed significant heterogeneity (P < ... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4984089 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 15:45:55 +0100 4984089 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4984088&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21685032%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cheng A, Guo J, Henderson-Jackson E, Kim D, Malafa M, Coppola D IκB kinase (IKKε) is a serine/threonine protein kinase that belongs to the IKK kinase family. Recent studies have shown that IKKε functions as a breast and ovarian cancer oncogene. We demonstrated frequent overexpression of IKKε in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA). We immunohistochemically evaluated 78 PDAs using the avidin-biotin-peroxidase method and the anti-IKKε rabbit polyclonal antibody. Elevated IKKε reactivity (immunohistochemical score, 4-9) was observed in 64% of PDAs (50/78), but in 0.0% of nonneoplastic pancreatic ductal epithelium (0/113; P < .001). Kaplan-Meier analysis of overall survival revealed that patients with high IKKε-immunohistochemical scores (4-9) had significantly shorter... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4984088 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 15:45:51 +0100 4984088 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4984087&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21685033%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Cheung CC, Neufeld H, Lining LA, Pilavdzic D, Copete M, Garratt J, Gilks B, Torlakovic EE Canadian Immunohistochemistry Quality Control (CIQC) operates an academic proficiency testing (PT) program using a traditional expert panel-based qualitative assessment system. The image analysis approach is increasingly considered for use in PT to follow demand for precision in immunohistochemical test calibration. CIQC introduces and explores the usefulness of a novel image analysis-based tool, the laboratory score/reference method score ratio (LSRSR) for PT. Two CIQC runs with 33 and 57 participants, respectively, were analyzed for interlaboratory concordance for estrogen receptor results using expert panel-based and LSRSR systems. Samples included tissue microarrays with 40 tissue cor... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4984087 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 15:45:47 +0100 4984087 http://www.medworm.com/index.php?rid=4984086&cid=s_37382_32_f&fid=37382&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Ftmpl%3DNoSidebarfile%26db%3DPubMed%26cmd%3DRetrieve%26list_uids%3D21685034%26dopt%3DAbstract Authors: Gonzalez RS, Carlson G, Page AJ, Cohen C Melanoma expresses c-kit, a gastrointestinal stromal tumor marker, but has not been extensively evaluated for protein kinase C (PKC) or DOG1, and these stains have not been correlated with prognostic factors. We immunostained 62 primary cutaneous and 15 metastatic melanomas for polyclonal c-kit (pc-kit), monoclonal c-kit (mc-kit), PKC, and DOG1 and correlated results with prognostic parameters and survival. Of the cutaneous melanomas, 34 (55%) stained for pc-kit, 30 (48%) for mc-kit, 11 (18%) for PKC, and 2 (3%) for DOG1. The Breslow depth was 1.00 mm or less in 21 (68%) of 31 pc-kit+ cutaneous melanomas compared with 7 (27%) of 26 pc-kit- melanomas (P = .002). The pc-kit+ melanomas had less nodal disease (1/31 [3%] vs 9/25 [36%]; P = .... American Journal of Clinical Pathology journals http://www.medworm.com/rss/comments.php?id=4984086 Thu, 30 Jun 2011 15:45:43 +0100 4984086